Evening Star Newspaper, August 8, 1891, Page 9

? ; THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON. D.C, SATURDAY. AUGUST 8. 1891—SIXTEEN PAGES. OUT OF DOOR COSTUMES Some Effective Combinations Suitatle for Summer Resorts. STYLISH TRAVELING DRESSES. Simp! Summer Gowns—Pretty Little Acces- series to Drese—The Decrees of Fashion— Costumes for Driving and Kiding—Midsam- mer Symphonies - Fashion Notes Correapondence of The Evening Star. x, August 7, 1891. OME ONE HAS WELL said that there is the same difference between talking and conversing that there is between clothing and dressing one’s self. Madame de “EZ, Stacl affected to despise tho thousand and one artistic details of toil to which the fashionable woman of our day bas to resort in order to heighten the charm of her personality, but the great French authoress acknowledged the power of what we tritely term garnitare by car ryinga white lily in her hand when attending pals and receptions Thia was her sceptre, but no society queen would over be satisfied with it. The sentiment so often enu.c.ated that beauty unadorned is adorned the most cam have noplace in the phil- osophy of the fashionable woman. She must push adornment to ite most logical extreme, Just Keoping this side of the danger line, after passing which a woman makes herself liable to the charge of being overdrested. But quite ide of dress garnitare, strictly speaking, are pretty details in woman's toilet may not with impanity be neglected. A weil-titting gown of a becoming color and a hat in harmony are but the bases of a refined and elegaut toilet. For instance, while Queen Fashion bas decroo te abolition of the brace- let, she has in its stead authorized her subjects number of ornamental pins in enamel, ing dowers, fruits, vegetables, charming nis XVI knots and tiny little bows of Tibbon, in pale blue, mauve or pink enamel, which are helf hidden away in the folds of lace or puifs of chiffon, and «-pparent.y serve tobola a place. And thea there are belts in and belts in velvet, with artistic metal and fan holders and chatelaine ba: writing, drawing or sewing ma- terinls for use in the open air. In fact, there is no end to the hundred and one jittle nothings which add style and grace toa fashionable toilet. The only thing to be feared is that the fair wo- men in her zeal may overdo the matter. A SIMPLE SUMMER GOWN. As the whole world is still outdoore and will remain so for another month, it is only proper that I should talk to you of cpen-air toilets. I'm only too willing, for, to my way of think- ing, the most eluborate ball toilet hes not one- half the charm of a plain summer gown in pink or he lady in the initial wears ore of there ple yet charming gowns in sceel gray pe soic, trimmed with ruch>s of black silk at the neck and acascad> of black lace dow the front of the bod*:2. The hat is of steel gray fancy straw, with 3 ture of white wings and white ribbon, white sun ehade with ruche of black lace. BECOMING TRAVELING cosTUMES. As the mos: ne irai open-air toilet is a travel- ing costam> let me describe a very pre teilet in chat line which attracted my attention ina palace ear the other day. A perfectly ain skirt and Jarge jacket ot ribbed beige je to button or bang open, a beige colored kid vest opening ona men’s shirt in white Fnen, turn-down collar, white tie. hand tied, a saiior hat trimmed with crepe de chine and two biris wings, white veil, yellow shoes laced, silk umbrella and a long woolen wrap in brown bread color, lined with old rose, thrown over the arm. No wonder that our women approach a rail- way with such coolness and enter and leave an express train with an independence aimost bor- dering upon aauciness. They know they are charmingly clad. Ther feci that they took -vell even if they are outside of the parlor and re- ception room, and this feeling gives them that charming confidence which is the principal ela- ment of all physical grace. How unlike the ugly linen wraps and cloaks into which their grandmothers thrust themselves when about to leave home! The poor dear souls seemed to have an idea that they could not look otherwise than uncomfortable when they went It was uncomfortable work, thing was good enough for ng like s boiled dinner for or an old frock for honsecleaning y «4 illustration you find two very efegant susimer toilets, the ous on the left be- ing « combination of pair biae crepe de chine, white tulle, emb-oidered, and yellow aud mdigo striped silk ribb ms, the braces being loose, as sbown, and the bigh-stay bodice ng made of the ribbons sbove mentioned arranged diago- nally. The het is ix Tuscan straw, trimmed with dark bluc chrysanthemums and dandelion heads, the surrounding scarf being of pale blue i gauze. The lady on the right wears acom bination of maize taffeta with black taffeta bas a black figure. The rv hes are in rn gray crepe. Ths black surah bonnet is trimmed | Which with gray rushes and pale pink roses. “Lh Watenes@ PLACE TOILETS, What seex:ci »me to be avery pretty cos- tume for a suremer resort consisted of a skirt stitching, a corsags of silk gauze with pink dots, over which was worn along jacket of white and pink striped Pekia 1 straw bat trimmed with long-stemmed roses, pink sunshade with coral bandle. ‘The cost of such a costume is moderate, and with correct taate and good judgmeut you mas attain ex- tremeiy becoming effects by each combination Of serge aze and thin silks. You will tud two vex sty‘tsh toilets set forth im my third illustra:ien, the one on the left being a white foul wrt having # gray-blue stripe with « plastron of wi.te lace, basques and skir: ruche also of the same maria ‘Th: Tuscan straw hat ix lined with whit, lace and trimmed with clusters of white feathers. The costume sorn by the lady on the right consists of pale ‘awn India cashmere with three bands of gold ud brown galloon « ceinture of brown velvet and « back. of brown lace front A DRIVING COSTUME. Some crusty old bachelor and confirmed misogynist has affirmed that a wemap can neither sharpen a lead pencil nor drive a horse. Possibly not, but the fact remainn th: often attempts to drive the horse or the pony that is attached to her village cart. True, the coachman always sits near at band and takes good now and then by a vigorous tug at the right or left rein to keep the animal duly informed of his presence. In spite of allcynical insions I've been taken out driving by women Lold just as skilifal and steady a rein as a man could do, and so cool and admirable was their management of the horse that it showed the most perfect respect for his driver. But as holding the reins is no doubt justly con- sidered a masculine accomplishment, it follows woman bas become an expert in ae the ribbons over the sleck back of a thoroughbred she should affect a maunish attire. "It is very becoming to the bright-eyed, robust, rory-cheeked style of young girl, the English type, as it is |. ‘She is quite as particular as her brother Jack with her colored irts. and spends half an hour tying her silk tie ins loose, rakish and picturesque manner Her sailor .bat or derby is perched forward th a saucy tipand her bands are encased in stout gloves. Her tailor-made jacket must be of some woolen material, er of silk, and must fit her with that snugness 0 requisite for stylish effect. The fourth illustration pictures the young girl of the self-reliant and independent charace ter, who scorns to be driven by a man of any kind, be he coachman or suitor. The average woman, however, prefers the back seat to the box, for by so doing she not only gets rid of all the labor of holding the reins and keeping her mind constantly fixed upon the business in hand—a very difficult task for a woman, if we believe our male critics—but she is enabled to wear her most delightful costumes, her most striking hats, carry her most elaborate sun- shade—in a word, fairly revel in rich colors and magnificent textures as she leans back against the elegantly embroidered cushion which comes between her back and the car- riage seat and displays the beauty of full skirts which completely fill the body of the landaulet. A CARRIAGE COSTUME. The last illustration portrays my Lady Dawdle out for a drive. She wears a combina- tion of India silk, plain and striped. beautifully draped with chiffon. parasol to match hat to match, gloves to match, natural flowers to match. In short, she is a harmony in pink and white or crear and pale blue, or cream and violet, all in @ minor key. At other times, however, she is an outburst of melody in black and yellow or black and crimson, oF else she glows like a great living bouquet in pompadour satin as yellow as rich and ripe wheat brocaded in a blue that glows like old china. Miss Fewclose and Mrs. Shallowpurse look after Lady Dawdle with envious eyes aa she rides by them on Ocean avenue while they trudge along on the wooden promenade, but let them wait till they meet in the ball room. Quite likely they will discover that their fig- ures aud complexions are fat superior to Lady Dawdie, and then the accelerated action of milady’s fan will betray the fact that the load of envy has been shifted. Written for The Evening Star Wife and Home. ‘What is the grandeur of marble halla? What the giory of purple and gold? be away, a shadow falls Like the night of the Arctic, cold, how cola! Lone may the log-hewn cottage seem, Dark and wears its stmple life, But if there the eves of trae Love teen If the angel be there—the wife! it Ever where She is, thereis Home! Palace, or Cottage. or Forest free! If roof be noue bat the starry dome— Home! Komet "Tis Home wherever the Wife may be! —SzaToN Doxono. Fish From Temple Bar. One popular fallacy in connection with fish may be noticed—namely, the oft-repeated as- sertion that the eating of that particular food inereases brain power! Noone who has studied the subject can possibly believe the assertion. Amon might eat a huge portion of fish every day of his life, and on the day of his death, if the quantity of phosphorus (the brain invigo- rator) consumed were to become visible: It would not amount to more than might proba- bly suffice to tip a couple of lucifer matches. mnratnities have existed that lived almost ly on fish, but these ichthyopagists were certainly not’ femons for intcilectual attain- ments. Nor are our fisher villages, in many of which much fish is presumably consumed, the of any great amount of brain power. None of our fisher folks are remarkable for genius, or even for what is called common sense, their views of life and its responsibilities shrouded in a haze of superstition, they lack suficient strength of mind to throng » fishing community, so far as is known to r, has given to the world a great man. of mark—poets, preachers, lawyers, war- riors, philosophers and physicians—bave ema- nated. in Scotland at any rate, from all. classes except the fishing class. An eminent Scottish medical practitioner, on being asked why it is that fivher folks are so barren of intellect, at once replied that it was “because of their being so much intermarried.” ‘The business of fishing ix eroditary in Scotland, so that, as a. yule, sons succeed their fathers ‘in the ‘boate. Old Davis Cowie, at one time » well-known Banffshire fisherman, on being asked if any man of his neighborhood had ever brought uj son to be a uinister—“Man,” replied ‘David, “there's no one o° the fisher Inddies here aboot that would mak’ a decent precentor, far less a minister. Na, na, aince a fisher, ay a fisher.” Upon one oceasion, when some friends were praising fish to Douglas Jerrold as the finest possible food for intellectual people, “Yes,” said the wit, “I have been a guest within these few weeks ut thirteen whitebait dinners, and see here [showiog a packet of manuscript), that has juat been rejected by a friendly ed- itor, who “ays it is not up to my mark. 3 do Fou say to that?” coe nd Food. ———_~ree—____ Ik Marvel's Count?y Home. From the Boston Journal. On « little terrace, 100 feet above the level, | with ablue background of Connecticut hills, | stands Edgewood. the of white serge, re,ersed hem with five rows of | taresquely beautiful home of quaint, Link Marvel. “Donald G. Mitchell is now a ver man, with the snowy locks of » patriarch and just the face one would expect the author of those tender, melancholy reveries tobave. He leads « quiet aud studious life, is devoted to his home, with its lovely lawns and Beds, looming ‘flower hops under constant eulivetion y gardeners, and drives forth daily in « queer old ould dream rig which no one else wi on the road in these days of T-carts and mail has phaetons. ‘The house itself is built on the of the old New Engiand homesteads and been left undisturbed by the hand of modern architect. Its front door is still in two separate pieces, and the upper half is swung hospit open all the day and closed onl; inst sucl Fide visitors as wind and sais, Sr M ES Eas Lterae (OUR VISIT TO CARNAC. A Washington Woman’s Interesting Acoount of an Interesting Trip. WHAT IS SEEN IN BRITTANY. The Picturesque Breton Peasant Women— Limited Hotel Accommodations—A Drive to Carnac—A Breton Wedding in a Pic- turesque Old Church. ——____ Correspondence of The Evening Star. Panis, July 25, 1891. WAS OUR FIRST TRIP TO BRITTANY. ‘and we had been auxious to nee the cele- brated Druidical remains, the famous menbirs and dolmens, ever sinco entering the sncient duchy at Nantes. So it was with much eager- ‘ness that we watched from either side of the railway carriage window as wo rushed through the barren rocky fielda, with their farms snd windmills, for a first sight of tho strange gran- ite stones whose origin no one knows. Yet the first thing which we saw in the Druids’ coun- try.ag the train stopped at Plonharnel was neither sacrificial stone nor heathen altar. bat ® great red crossstanding out dark against tho rainy sky, so huge that one scarcely notice’ tho Sneient tumulus or burial mound on which it was built. We expected to get @ good second breakfast or lunch before going on to Carnac, a milo and s half away, and this second breakfast had be- come a very important part of the program after one hour's railway journey on @ cup of coffee and a roll, and when we passed through the station and came out on the muddy road- side, where stood a small diligence marked “Carnac,” & peasant woman thrust the adver- tisement of an in into our bands and assured us, with the assent of other white- capped women and blue-bloused men who stood near, that it was the only inn at Plon- harnel. The rain which was falling in showers, varied by half hours of a heavy mist, chose to come down very hard just then, and the prospect of any shelter was welcome. ‘The inn stood just across the road, and we started for it in hun- gry despair, led by the woman, who clumped stolidly through the damp sand in her huge sabots. Buta nearer approach did not add to the attractions of the ‘Hotel des Menhirs’, as it ‘was most inappropriately named—shock-heade 1 peasants with wine glasses in theirhands watched us from the windows, and very dirty children tumbled about the front door. The ‘Hotel des Menbirs’ was nothing more than a ‘Debit dea Boissons,” or low drinking place, and obviously impossible. BREAXFASTLESS TRAVELERS. What should we do now? Had we braved the rain and mist to see the stones of Carnac only to be baffied by hunger and weariness? An- other peasant woman solved the difficulty by pointing to the “diligence” which was just starting—we had better go to Carnac, she said, and lunch there. We hesitated, eepeciallly as the diligence was small and had already two inside passengers, until her assurances that the inn at Carnac was good and the self-evident fact that the “Hote! des Menhers” was bad in- duced us to yield to her entreaties. We climbed into the vehicle and started. ‘THE DILIGENCE OF BRITTANY is very like the “‘carryall” of New England, ex- cept that the four inside passengers sit facing each other. Today all the leather curtains were closed on account of the rain, so that nothing could be seen" of the outer world except at the back. Through this opening we watched eagerly for some signs of what we had come to see, but nothing was visible at first except many rods of muc! traveled road, enlivened by occasional peasants with funny Breton hats. Prosently we reached Plonharnel village and tumbled through ite stone-paved streets without stopping, pessing by Bnedeker's Hotel, closed and deserted. Thon the sandy road began to stretch cut again and the spires and roofs of Plonharnel to rise up in the distance against the gray sky. By dint of only looking backward the mile and three- quarters of the guide book seemed to Jengthen with the road and the village we had left behind us to be always just at our heels. The country, 80 far as we could see it, was @ mere stretch of rough, unfenced meadow, full of stony outcrop and stunted bushes, very like the seacoast of Rhode Island. But whero was the sea? Were we near it? In our ignor- ance of the geography of the neighborhood w2 ‘were astonished when beyond the gray rocks and yellow grass of the fields we saw @ familiar purplish line that could be nothing else than sult water, and just then, the fog lifting a little, the sea breeze blew th» rain away, und close beside the roadside appeared a great block of supported by smaller stones, in tho semblance of a rude table—our first doimen! Naturally we longed to get out and investi- Gate this strange relic of the forgotten ages. Lut the diligence driver kept or steadily, having no enthusiasm for archwology, and we dared not delay a public conveyance carrying matters of such importance as the Carnac mails. So we jogged along with our eyes fixed on the de- creasing shape of the giant table, and finally, ter a good deal more of the rugged moorland =d occasional glimpses of the distant sea, we began to rattle over s paved street and stopped at last in the market piace of Carnac. A FIRST IMPRESSION OF CARNAC. Our first confused impression when we bad stumbled down from the high step of the dili- gence was of purple clematis, a great vino of which, with its pointed leaves and starry flowers, hung over the nearest building. Our second feeling was that of great relief, for beneath the clematis’ tendrils we saw a ‘neat sign, “Hotel des Voyageurs,” and, without stopping to look at the beauties of Carnac, we paid the driver his ten sous, and hurried into the hotel. To our aston- ishment we found ourselves in a kitchen, bat such « kitchen! A huge fire- ° up all one side of the e room, with its cupboard above full of gaily painted plates and rows of candlesticks and its big dark cavern below, where a few wood coals shoue redly. Opposite’ the fireplice stood a neatly curtained bed with a smart lace counterpane, and there were some quaint wooden settles. and on a shelf one or two very artistic water jars, Grecian in shape anda lovely green in color. The rafters of the ceil- ing were brown with years of smoke, and from the dark corners of the room shone mysterious gleams of brass and copper, which caught the red firelight. We thought instinctively of Rembrandt. A CHANCE FOR A MEAL. Our hostess stood bowing to us, her hands busied in opening witha knife some strange green shell fish, which we rightly guessed to be Breton oysters. She was a good-looking woman, very neat, with rosy face beneatu the curious stiff cap of tho couutry,which must have come dowa without any alteration from the middle ages. A piece of crape was prened r its white fok and bands of ‘erape replaced the usual velvet trimming on the flowing Breton sleeves of her black dross, show- ing her to be « widow. A very capable too, judging by the severity with which she greeted us, wsingled with civility, and the evident awe inopired by her in the two maids. All three of these women had quaint stiff faces, not unlike the Madonnas of the early Flemish schoo! one of them in her flowing blue liuen draperies und odd, coif-like cap recalled a medieval Martha in o little shack jowless picture ween shortly before at Nantes. ‘ We asked if breakiast tobe had. Yes, a table d’hote at 12 o'clock- was ready now; we could sit down at once Would it be eaten in the kitchen? we asked ourselves falteringly, for there was no sign of any other room, but neither of us felt disposed to question the severe landlady any further, so grateful we for the immediate prospect of something to eat. The thirteenth century maid came to our relief and led the way through a small door which had hitherto been concealed by the great overhanging mantel into very neat dining room, where a long table was spread, with bottles of cider at suit- able intervals. We sat down and waited pa- tiently while our fellow strolled in—s stout Frenchman and his wife and child, a little hunch-backed gentleman and another in- dividual, who had traveled much in Brittany, and entertained the company with a disserta- tion on the Breton language throughout the meal. THE BILL OF FARE. The green-shelled oysters appeared first and we helped ourselves enthusiastically. ‘Now, judging by the color,” we said, “‘these must have the celebrated copper flavor.” _ We each tasted ‘one and then per, perhaps: brass, more y; at an, simply hor- rible. le. In shape they ey were neat ‘were something between « mussel and'an oye- tor, with a very large shell in tion tq tho ize of the miserable bitter litte mollusk inside. bors ate them with every ot" reluhy bat we hed had engage of te oysters of Carnac. Artichokes formed the second course, and we helped ourselves some we bad the day before. Unfortunately had been cooked and these had not, as we soon found out when we tried to separate the raw, hard leaves. ‘They were as green as the and quite uneatable. This time our Frencl table companions were openly amused at our discomfiture. which did not add to the charm of the situation. We wore half starved and yet could eat nothing but the sour, dark bread universal in France. Happily some cold pate was brought in next, which was edible, and it was followed by cutlets and potatoes, which, with cheese, brought the meal toan end. We left the inn feeling very much refreshed started upon a tour of inspection. ‘A PICTURESQUE CHURCH. Just opposite stood the church, whose lovely Romanesque porch, surmounted by a huge crown-like roof of curiously twisted stone, tempted us to visit itat once. In the market place there were halfadozen houses besides the inn, one with » small statue of St. Cornelius over its door, another with the sign of the re- public, the initials “R. F.” inalittle flag show- ing it to bethe mayor's office or town hall. Everything had a sea-swept, weather-beaten look, from the rough gray walls and blue slate roofs with their clinging orange lichen to the white sand and powdered shell under foot, The fog drifted away as we crossed the square, and pale, watery sunshine bathed the ttle town in its ‘quiet light, while a glimpse of in- tensely blue sea greeted us from the foot of every street—just a glimpse, for Carnac stands on alittle hill’half a mile from the bay. Were I totry to paint the scene from memory itshould be in the tenderest tintsof pale blue and pearly gray, soft drab and orange, with the white caps and "black dresses of the ‘peacant women for the highest light and the deepest shadow. AN ANTIQUE STRUCTURE. The church, dedicated to St. Cornelius, the pa- tron saint of husbandmen and cattle, had two deep porches, one with the beautiful roof al- ready described anda high stone stecple which seemed of later origin than the rest of the bniiding. Under the steeple, facing the main street of the village, a large wooden bas-relief hid been set in ihe church wall, representing St. Cornelius blessing two horned cattle, ali painted in the brightest colors. It was evi- dently very old, and we examined it with much interest, noticing _ that the animals might have come out of the Noah's Ark of our childhood. On one sido of the church, in a small inclosure surrounded by a low stone wall, stood two or three trecs—there Were very few of them in the village, for the Winter winds are evidently bleak In this wall there wore two openings, and here the people of Carnac had saved themselves the expense of gates by putting a block of stone across each opening, which human beings could climb, While sheep and cows were kept out. As we stood looking at this ingenious device 8 crowd of peasant women burried past us with their white cap streamers flying in the breoze, skipped nimbly over the stone barrier and dis- appeared into the darkness of the great porch. We followed them through the porch, whose ceiling had been frescocd some 500 years bo- fore—we could just make out the faded repre- and sentation of an evangelist, with the name “‘S. Jan’’—entered the church and found our- selves for the first time spectators of 4 BRETON WEDDING. The bride and groom satin two chatrs be- fore the altar rail with a lighted candle ia front of each, also a small white draped table with a Kittle silver dish—intended, perhaps, to hold the priest's fee. This, however. is mere con- jecture. The priest ind a small and inatten- tive acolyte were going through the service ap- parertly as rapidly as possible and quite in- audibly. Not one word could we catch from the semi-durk.ess behind the altar screen, and we doubt if the bridal pair wero any better able. The church was well filled with an interested crowd, who stood and knelt al- ternately, and made comments on the bride's Appearance much as people do at weddings at home. One woman near us held s baby in her arms, who whenever the acolyte rang the bel} is rattle in response. The service came toan end afver a while, and the bridal pai disappeared into the vestry, presumably to sign the register. While we waited for their return we looked about the old church,,which was in excellent preservation, for ‘the Bretons are more pious as # race than the popula- of ‘some other parte of. France. ‘he handsome new windows attracted our at- tention first; they represented different eveats in the life of St. Cornelius, who appears to have been a bishop—he was pictured as ccepting # mitre, healing the sick, in very beautiful design and coloring. modern French stained glass seems to be re- markably good. Near one of these gorgeous nineteenth-century windows hung arelic of the middle ages—a large model of # ship in which the spiders had woven a cobweb rigging. ‘This was a votive offering to the saint, who bad saved the donor's vessel from shipwreck. Ina shrine not far aw: jood a gilded bust of the ancient bishop, with s picture of two prize cat- tle beneath it. THE HAPPY COUPLE. The bride and groom came down the church presently, kissing the different members of their family as they came. The groom was a fine, tall fellow, like most Breton men, but un- like their fellow-countrymen nearor Paris. He wore a black jacket and waistcoat embroidered in gy colors, white linen knee breeches, much gathered’ and plaited, and a bright, bine sash about his waist. The bride, who was as small as he was big, had a plain, honest face under her white cap, which was’ wreathed with s long gerland of orange blossoms. Her shoulders were covered by @ purple velvet shawl decorated with jet beads and more dangling flowers over the three cloth bodices always worn by tke peasant women, and she had also a pink apron and a skirt much-trimmed with velvet and spangles. They passed out into the porch (where a strange old bier, painted black, with & decoration of white tears and’ hour glasses, stood as a silent reminder of the futare visit the; should make, to the church), and walked off gaily enough in a Jong procession, headed by two. musicians, one P ying ® bagpipe and the other a flageolet, with much waving of the wide- brimmed Breton hats. ‘The shrill, sweet music echoed through the little town long after they had disappeared down one of the white saudy strects. As we left the old porch we noticed that a great wooden crucifix rose beside the wall of the church on this side highabove the roof, the swallows sweeping and circling about it. It musi be visible from far out at sea and many dying eyes may have turned thither at the lasi. Itseemed a sacred beacon set high on that lonely coast, rising in majesty above its church as the church rises above the town. A STROLL ABOUT THE VILLAGE. “We will look about the place,” we decided, “and then drive to see the stones, which,accord- gto Baldeker, are at some distance from arnac.” So we started down the street at ran- dom, tempted by # glimpse of a delightful ola cottage wall, over whose crumbling outer stair- way scarlet nasturtiums had woven their bril- liant meshes of red and green. There were plenty of these quaint aucient buildings we found, with their roofs either of thatch over- grown with pink and white wall flowers or of blue slate incrusted with the peculiar orange lichen we saw so much of, little distine- tion being made apparently between the out- ard aud inward appearance of the house and of the adjoining stable. Piles of seaweed stood at every corner, used as a fertilizer, no doubt, und there were shells everywhere under foot. Won were walking about in their black dress€s, with an occasional searlet pe green apron to break the = vailing quiet tone of color, which was so pleasing in its softness. Over the doors of drinking houses bung as a sign ‘or “bush” a branch of mistletoe. We noticed ona walla large clothier's adver- tisement, representing @ young boy in bis first communion clothes—a dress suit, with candle, prayer book and scarf complete.” Near by was tho poster of an American sewing machine company. At the doors of cobblers stood big logs of basswood, used to make sabote, whici are worn by every peasant man, woman and child in France. ‘One of us was inspired by the quaintness of the old sea-worn town tv make # water-color sketch of a particularly nice “little bit.” He chose a secluied corner for his camp «tool and soon produced & delightful little study of a low- that cottage, with the date 1699 carved above its queer half door, where a rosy baby was playing in ite tight’ white cap and bine frock. ‘The house was painted half pink, halt white, and there were pote of red geraniums in every window and purple phlox springing up on the outer ~ stair- way, with @ warin glow of ht over all and atouch of blue sky abo ‘he sketch will serve to remind us of the sweet salt air and wind-swept walls of Carnac on winter evenings when the snow falls fastathome. This descrip- tion of an interesting spot bas spun out to such ale that the account of the visit to the Druidical remains must be post; until another time. Pitter Vian, Bar Harbor Girls in Sweaters. Correspondence of the Bostun Globe. A tendency is evinced on the part of so: the younger ladies to monopolize the sweater, ’a garment hitherto confined to foot ball players and men devoted to other athietic sports. "These odd-looking of woaring 1 are pera pase of tho ode foraeytaare usually accompanied by » blazer To Puavent the of the subcutaneous m ofthe nie cillentonst te pat Benewer. LIFE BY THE BIG SEA. Fanny Things to Be Found at At- lantio City. SOME POINTS ON PADS. Do Women Wear Them in the Water?—Bath- ing Incidents of » Humorous Nature—Hee- | teal cuing Drowning People—Oad People at the Hotele—Birds and Light Houses, ‘Special Correspondence of The Evening Star. Artaytic Crt, August 7, 1891. © WOMEN WEAR PADS IN THE OCEAN? Quite often, if confidence is to be had in the assertion of the principal bath house keeper here. Of course, he says, it is exceptional, but those of the fair sex who adopt them on land are compelled to keep them on in the water, lest the alteration in their figures should be rendered too apparent. In fact, a wet bathing dross of the modern pattern goes so far to ex- hibit the female shape that the fair bather may be said to require stuiting while taking a dip in the sea more urgently than under any other conditions. The least vain of her sex could hardly be willing to emerge upon the beach bereft of her customary embonpoint. Sometimes it would seem the wearing of such aids to shapeliness in the water gives rise to awkward accidents. There was one young woman who went in about # fortnight ago and was so knocked alout by tho surf that shecame out ten minutes later with all her padsin the wrong spots. Her hips had got around in froyt, and in other respects her ‘aspect was seriously marred as to outline. An- other cage is whispered about of a lady whose facility in swimming has been discovered to be due tothe fact that her pads are of rubber blown up, but this may be mere scandal. One day Inst weok there wasagreat commotion in the water. A woman out among tie breakers was evidently in distress and brave men rushed to rescue her. Unfortunately. the matter was that she had lost an important part of her cos- tume, and thus the embarrassment of the situ- ation was seriously aggravated. ‘The lending lady of the ‘Dark Secret.” who has been at At- tantio City during the last few daysfor the pur- pose of practicing in a tank drama on the larg- eat possible scale, always drops her skirt upon [sheen well into fully to the life guard, re‘ him when she is ready to go ashore. CORSETS FOR THE BATH. It fs the women that are anxious abont their figures, lest they become overdeveloped, who wear corsets in the ocean. When yon see a fair bather in stays you may set it down as inferential fact that sho bants mildly at the hotel table. Unquestionably they are becom- ing, but they are not pretty to look at when hung out upon the bath house line, because the corrosion of the steels gives them an ex- coedingly rusty and damaged appearanco. Besides, it is always one's old corsets that ono reserves for the water. Georgie Drew Barry- more, who makes her appearance on the beach at nooneach day, is invariably equipped with stays. John Drew, her brother, is hor regular cacort in the billows. The other day the little daughter of an actor friend of his ran out of her bathing compartment and sought her father, sayiug: “Oh, papa! I daren’t stay in my bath house, because there's a man in the next one, puffing and blowing and swearing in @ way that frightens me.” “Nonsense!” replied her father. “There's nothiug tobe afraid of. It's only John Drew getting off his jersey.” All the trouble about mistakes in bath houses is made by the women, the keepers say. When @ man upon coming out of the water gets by accident into a compartment that has had a fe- male occupant his attention is immediately canght by her clothes hanging on the pegs, and he loses no time in making bis exit. But a woman usually takes no notice of any male ap- arel under similar circumstances, nor regards fer surroundings atall until she has disrebed. Then the situation may be rendered embarrass- ing temporarily by an infortuitous concatena- tion of ovents.. Why this should be so it is hard to tell. ‘The statement on the subject of those who have the best reason to know is merely submitted with due respect. BABY TAKES A SWIM. ‘There was a pretty sight on the beach yester- day morning. Jack Williams, chief among the life guards, was giving a baby a bath. The tot was a little girl of three years and the sturdy fellow held it in his teeth by the back of its waistband, standing out among the breake When a big wave came along he would dive through it with the child held so, and she would come up crowing and gurgling and clap ping her bands with a glee delightful to wit- ness. Jack gives an unfavorable account of the life-saving business, financially speaking. Most people whom he rescues from a watery grave Soot pay hima cent for the service. Those who ifest any pec appreciation average about @2, from wi it would appear that the value of existence is not rated very high in this age of pessimism. Once he brought ashore x drowning millionaire from Philadel- phia and only got $5 for his job. in making a rescue,” said Williams, “the chief difficulty is to grab the person right. 1 always try to get a grip on the back of the bathing suit between the shoulders. If I find myself in danger of being pi under and drowned there is just one thing to do alwa; Several times I have had the death clutch ff tened on me in this way and have had to break away by placing my feet against tue body and Delay cell die coleengili “ot any. legs. ‘Then I would fetch the man to the surface and, if ne- cessary, stan him with a blow with my fist. Such ‘a biow struck upon the jaw will render any one insensible for # time without doing any damage.” A QUESTION OF LEas. ‘One the most attractive of the bathers is the legless lady from the dime show on the board walk. When on exhibition in the evening there is nothing of her below the waist appar- ently, but she brings the other haif along when she goes into the water. There is a coarse, saturnine man at the hotel where these lines are written who wears gig lampwand a goatee und is fond of making rude remarks about the gentler sex. He horrified the female boarders at lunch today by asserting that many scientitic men at present believed that women were not intended by natare to go on two feet, but upon all-foura, quoting Dr. Fliut of the Smithsonian Institution at Washington as an suthority for the proposition. Although it was admitted that four-logged ladies were more desirable than ladies with no legs at all, the suggestion gave rise to acrimonious criticium, despite the explanation given that, according to the theory, human beings have not as yet become roperly modified ytructurally for al locomotion, this mothod of progression giving rise to many disorders, especially in femalca. Nor did the discussion around the table become jess heated when it fell uj the question whether or not it is usually porsible to dis- tinguish a married from a siugle woman by looking at her. By the way, if you want at any time to see a vigorous dispute ‘arise, just sug- est that notion in a compan; both sexes. omen will deny it indignantly every time, while @ man will invariably assert it with confi- dence, claiming that there is even a difference in the expression of the face between the maiden and the matron. ‘This person with the gig lamps, who has pur- chased and insists upon wearing a fcur-in-hand necktie made of rattlesnake skin with the rattles for a scarf pin, appears to enjoy torturing his wife on the subject of her avoirdupois. She, boing \vory nervous respecting the maiter, anxiously its the le contents of eech bird's bath tub set around her plate at tho table, cousidering the fattening properties cf every viand. Said she to her husband st break- Sthiy deer shoul ycu imagine that this “My dear, yeu hominy is likely to make me stouter?” “My treasure,” replied her lord, “it is like putting as into a mn.” ‘There isa gentleman from Chicago at this hotel also, with red whiskers and a weird aspect nerally. He telle 'y that he has been Etvoreed three times, and he ‘received yester- day with apparently serious approval a sugges- tion conveyed by the person with the rattle- snake tie the effect that ex vinculo matrimonii ought to be given with cot attached, each good for one perma- nent separation, so as to facilitate operations in ne Rh Be RP “g pity to chew up that nice bouquet.” ~ ‘WHERE BIRDS CONGREGATE. — and thence transfer them to —— xes, in which the captives are kept until morning. Then they are taken out of the bores one by one anda descriptive memorandum is made of each specimen, after which the latter is set at liberty through the window. Rare ones are killed and their skins are seut hed Considerable num- bers of ducks, geese and brant, which fly at the rate of about fifty miles an hour, dash them- welves to death against the thick glass of the light, and these afford the major many a good dinner. One Thanksgiving day two or three years ago it was very stormy was provided, but luckily three blue-winged came along, struck uge lantern and were served up broiled on toast. At intervals summary of the birds taken is sent to Wash- ington to provide data for the study of their rations. Lighthouse keepers have todo a Breat deal of this sort of work for the govern- ment. They must make anote of the date when the first hop-toad in the spring and of all sorts ol matters et the kind relating to natural history. Maj. Wolf had a pet prairie dog once, which he considered superior to the signal service as a prognosticator of the weather. In the cold time of the year when- rm was approaching it would invaria- bly come out of its hole, pull out its bedding of straw, make it up afresh and retire with it in prudent expectation of an inclement period, uring which it would be obliged to remain in seclusion. Ri Bacag. His Finger Tips Too Strong for the Heavy Weights of Lewiston and Auburn. From the Auburn Gazette. Porhaps it is not generally known, but in the City of Lewiston lives « man who janed magnetic or some kind of wonderful power LINCOLN SPLIT NO KAILS. THEY so LovED no. . ane No Evidence That He Used the Maul in the | No Doubt of It, for They Often interrupted Wilds of indiana From the Indisnapolis Jourml. Lincoln City, a small village in Spencer county, Ind., was for four years the home of Abraham Lincoln's parents when he was grow- ing up. It was there that his mother died in 1818. The log cabin, the home of the Lincolns, was of rough oak logs, about fifteen by twenty feet in size, the crevices filled in with mad, the door of split slabs with wooden hinges and but ene window with no glass. There was no chimney, a large opening in the roof being left for the smoke to escape. The roof was of split staves, pegged down by cross poles. The beds were a few blankets on the dirt floor, and the table was twosplit slabsset on skids. President Lincoln's father was a river man and worked on fat boats on trips down the Ohio and Mississippi to New Orleans, and was at home only part of the year. The Liacolus moved, after three or four years, to Illinois. The mother of Abraham Lincoin had previously died and was buried on a hill near this cabin. At the time ho was seventeen years old Lin- coln was an awkward, indolent and apparently unambitious boy. ‘There was nothing in his ap- Pesrance that indicated more than ordinary Intelligence. | The stories of his grent industry, and particularly of the immense number of rails he _ are fiction. He did not split rails there. ‘he Lincolns had no fences, and had no need of them then, as the country was au al- most anbroken wilderness. After Mr. Lincoln became President a thriving business was done in the manufacture of canes and various other {iticles from rails said to have been split by im. A log cabin, said to be the inal home of which is truly miracatous. Oscar F. Whitman, the man in question, is thirty-six years old and lives with his wife and little daughtor in a cozy house at 76 Coilege stroct. A Gazette reporter called on Mr. Whitman and received a cordial reception. Mr. Whitman is a min ubout the average height, with a pair of broad shoulders anda deep chest. He ix in every way an ath- lotic and healthy appearing specimen of manity and his face, though st times it appears stern, is in itself a pictare of benevolence and kindness. After a brief conversation the party adjourned to the kitchen and Mr. Whitman proceeded to give an exhibition of bix power. Seating himself at the head of a Iarge table in the middle of the room Mr. Whitman held his hands out at an angle of about forts degrees. Ina short time a convulsive expres tion seemed to creep over his face and placing his finger tips on the table he raised it up an held it in the air as if it was nothing but « sheet of paper. The reporter, with Mr. Whit- man’s consent, then took a seat at the opposite end of the table and tried to hold it, but the ic finger tips were too much and he was pulled over. chair and all. Now, Mr. Bradbury prides himself on being @ pretty strong man, so with a smile on his face he changed bis seat for the one at the end of the table. Grasp- ing the table legs firmly he braced bis tect and the look that stole over his face plainly said: “Now, friend spirits or whatever you are, I've got you.” He did not have them, though, and the 215 pounds of human flesh, chair and tuble followed the'dictation of the wonderful finger tips over the room in @ manner which made every ono else laugh. Mr. Linscott during these proceedings had been rubbing up his muscles nnd prepuring for agrip with the supernatural. He took a seat, calmly got a good hold and announced that he was ready. He was ready. too, for his muscles stood outlike whipcord, but still he was not “in it” and, like the others, yielded to the in- evitable. Messrs. Tarr and Wood concluded it was no use to try it and so this part of the pro- ceedings came to an end. Now some think that M. Whitman is a walk- ing electric plant, but such is not the case, for he placed a pane of glass on the table and, placing his tngers on it, lifted it just as if the non-conductor was not there. Mr. Whitman does not claim to be a spirit- ualist or an electrician. When he wants to use his latent power be holds his hands out as stated above, at an angle of forty-five degrees. and the current starts from his shoulders and runs to his finger tips, and when he is done using it he dips his fingers in cold water, sprinkles a few drops on his forehead, and, bolding both hands in the air, allows it to ran buck to its receptacle in his shoulders. “It seems,” said Mr. Whitman, “‘as if there was a hollow in my bones through which this power is trans- mitted.” This power was noticed in Mr. Whitman when he was a small boy. Sometimes, when playing with other children, he would place his fingers on a chair and, for his aiusement, pull the other children around the room hanging to it. Mr. Whitman grew up the same as other boys, and being of a rather reserved disposition said little about his — He has been work- ing and is now employed as a cutter with the firm of Gay, Woodma:: & Co., although lately he has not worked more than half the time. ——___+ee — ____ HE WAS TICKETED. A California Judge Makes a Sensation in Court. Derrick Dodd in San Francisco Examine-. One of the peculiar brand of judges peculiar to this peculiar community invested in a ready-made outing coat on his way down to court the other morning. As the day was ex- cexsively warm his honor concluded to slip on the garment just as it was taken from the win- dow, and unmindfal that a placard was still attached to its tail proceeded calmly on his way. “Glad you don’t make any bones about ‘say- ing 80,” remarked a friend, slapping him on the shoulder at the next corner. “There's nothing like coming out flat-footedand above- board.” “What the blazes do you mean?” asked the court, but his friend worked off an indescriba- ble wink and passed on. “That's right!” warmly ejaculated a police court lawyer as the jurist reached the city hall. “Nothing like getting down to bed-rock rates these hard times. See you later ” “I always thought ‘that man was crazy,” mused fess as he entered the court room, where he observed that bis advent created a very marked sensation indeed. One of the regular practitioners grasped his hind ex- citedly and whispered: “*T business, judge! Now, how agt. McCorken case? Would about right?" “Is everybody insane—or—or is this some dreadful dream?” gasped the bewildered dis- penser of justice. “Have I—” Just then the placard became detached and fell to the floor. Even the ragged vagrant in the dock smiled hopefully as the judge picked it up and read: “No reasonable offer refused!” wut this Glucky 5 strike you as tho Lincolns, was trans; bodily to Illinois, when, in fact, the pie eect 9 had been torn down and all traces of it destroyed years be- fore. The burial ground on tie hill was grown Bp with briers and bushes. The identity of the graves was lost. No one living cap posi- tively say which was the grave of Nancy Hauks One was selocted which was supposed to be her grave. The Studebakers of South Bend gave money to erect a plain slab, and pisced an iron fence about the lot. The much- eralded monument erected in memory of the mother of President Lincoln docs not exist. Twenty-five years ngo a company of Boston capitalists conceived the idea of building up « city on this historic spot. Five hundred act of land, incladi:g the ground on which the Lincoln cabin stood and the graves on the bill Were laid out in lots and an artificial luke wa! made. Maps and illustrated circulars w scattered broadcast throughout the United States. Auction sales were held and hundreds of lois were sold at high prices. Scores of cot- tages were built and most liberal inducements were offered to attract people. A large nuim- ber of families moved there and the scheme promised to be a success, but sickness soon pervaded the town. No remunerative employ ment was provided for the citizens and in few years the town was deserted and the cnte Prise proved a failure. Lhe lots and cotta; reverted to the company or were sold for taxes and the land was again on the market at $20 to €40 an acre. —~oo—_—____— Faith and Science. ‘They dwell apart, that radiant pair; In different pear; And white the ‘Have separat A golden iamp the one displays, Of light still clear and Keen: ‘The otier walks ‘neath starry raya, ‘With sometimes clouds between. ‘The voice of one enjoins the wise To mete, and weigh, and prove; ‘The other lifts expectant And taly murmyrs, “Lo Both teachers of celestial birth, To each be credence giv who inter, he seer of From the Chicaro Times. Asouthera grocer, being greatly annoyed by flies, distributed twenty-one sheets of sticky fly Paper about his store. In the evening he gath- ered them up ard, noticing bow much heavier they were, concluded to weigh them. He ac- cordingly placed the twenty-one shects with their loads of dead flys upon the scales. They tipped the beam at exactly seven pounds. Then he placed twenty-one fresh sheets on the scales and found that they weighed but four pounds and four ounces. Thus the flies were shown to weigh two pounds and twelve ounces. He next commenced to figure ou the matter and found there were twenty flice to each equare inch of the fly paper; each sheet bad 336 square inches and 6,720 flies, the twenty-one sheets contain- ing in all 141,120 flies. Thus it is plain that one can easily ascertain the exact weight of a single fly, for if 141,120 flies weigh two pounds and twelve ounces’ it is easy to calculate what one would weigh. ~2_—__es—___ Women’s Wet-Weather Dress. From the New York World. The first steady rain of the summer end its accompanying mud revive the question of a suitable attire for women in bad weather. Invention has succeeded so well with men that they are enabled to face the storm with entire comfort and without looking more lik: submarine divers thar. is absolutely necessary. But little has been done fo: women. She pre- sents now = ty much the same deplorable spectacle of a life-and-death contest with um- brells and skirt that she has for years—the ossamer Waterproof” simply keeping the out- side dress dry, leaving skirts and stockings a prey to the rain and the mud. What the storm dress of the fature should be it is difficult to say. Ease of locomotiou, dry- ness, comfort and as great a regard as possible for appearance are the elements of the problem. A man comes in out of the rain and the mud, throws off his bad-weather armor und is as comfortable as if just in from the sunshine. And justice will not be done to the fairer part of ercation untilsome genius has invented a costume with analogous advantages. ‘Tragedy on the Great River. From the Chicago Tribune. Moonlight on the raging Mississippi! The magnificent sidewhecl steamer Lone Pelican, bound for New Orleans, sped swiftly down the Father of Waters, whose turbid waves, as if angry at the intrusion, lashed the crumbling shores with a fiercencss that changed the geography of the countrv at every swash. ‘The great steamboat, with its precious cargo of human lives, mess pork, hides, furniture and agricultural implements, was full of life and gayety. High rose the spirit of the passengers. The supper tables bad beon cleared away, but in the faint odors that still pervaded the long and elegant saloon of the Lone Pelican there lingered grateful reminiscences of the sumptuous banquet. Myriads of cut-gloss ndants reflected the light from the chande- jiers and twinkled and danced merrily to the music of the paddle wheels that churned the water in obedience to the impulse of the great engines, whose ceaseless th mighty steamer a thing of life. And the white and gilded interior that stretched away in and the moor Far in the distance astern trailed a s 6 fe PEE li i E i Ht ge Hie F proclaimed the | as the Their Gossip to Say So. Roston Herald going to remain at the beach this evening?” inquired a young woman in « laven- Ger-colored dred, with = deep frill on the bottom, of her friend, who sat near by on the upper piazza of the Hotel Pines yesterday afternoon “Ob, yes,” was the prompt reply; I wouldn't mina the ‘Pop’ orchestra for anything. I think it one of the finest musical orgatizations I ever heard.” Did you go often to Masic Hall while it was playing there?” “Twice a week regularly, but I was always unfortunate in getting near » party of young ple who had no aj ation of music, a ween the chatter of their tongues and the clatter of their glasses only fragmentary pas sages of what the orchestra was performing could be heard. Tean't understand why peo- ple who do not care for or cannot appreciate ony flud pleasure in Leng present where iti. They give no indication of being enter tained andare sure to mar the pleasure of those who are within bearing of their voices.” _ As the sun dropped bebind the western nille ina blaze of golden glory the famous “Pop” rchestra began to assemble in the little pa- goda opposite the Hotel Pines. The young Woman in the frilled lavender dress was sit ting with her cor nearly the same place they had occupied whem their conversation had attracted the attention of the writer. “wi sunset,” she remarked, es ‘hata lovel; the ruusicians began to tune their metraments. “It's enchanting. Idon't believe they have anything in Maly that can npproach it.” Neither dol. A first-class poet could find inspiration from this passe es tanding on the shores of Gomo, 0 far as the gorgeousnets of the heavens are concerned.” At that time the firet atrains of “Boccaccio” floated up from the blazing pagoda. “Inn't it lovely?” remarked the girl im the lavender dress, “Ont of sight,” responded her com joesn't sound as well as in Music Hall.” jot quite.” ‘A great part of the expression is lost in the open air. Yew. “Hello, one of the fiddlers bas snapped @ K- ‘How embarrassing it must be to have violin disabled right in the midst of such an exquirite ‘sg ‘But you can t notice any difference in the me of harmony, can Fo! jot w bit.” “Oh, dear, I wish I could see the conductor. Those pine boughs hide him completely. [ alw: experience an added pleasure when looking at the leader of an orchestra. He v Pears so enthusiastic thet one involunt Partakes of his feclings.” ‘hose are my sentiments exactly.” ‘Did you sce that girl in cream-colored lawn with sca-green trimmings promenading the lower piazza this afternoon! Nor Well, she Wasa sight. She must have been # Lyun shop Girl, They bave very little taste, you — was a crash of brass and of drums from the band stand. “Wasn't that grand! I would never tire listening to such music.” (In an undertone): “I was greatly shocked this afternoon when walking on the beach with a gentleman friend, of mine to see two women in bathing dressed in jersey knit suits. One of them wore black and white ‘striped Standing the beach was lined spectators, she lay upon her back and worked for ten mia- Utes ia an effort to kick the back of ber head.” Squeak, squeak, bang, bang. “slow delicious. 1 wonder if the muste tm Paradise is as sweet.” “I hope #0.” “Would you rather have clams in the shell er fried in batter?” “My preference is chowder.” “I never eat chowder, as I always feel that the cooks are careless with it, Scraps that would not be used in any other way sometimes get into chowder.” ‘Ting-a-ling-ling. “The triangle, while not much in iteslt, makes a pleasing accompaniment to #he stringed instruments in certain passages, 6om's you think so.” “I ce=tainly do.” “Those horrid old locomotives, with thetr “ at that women feeding her chia from a bottle. What a picnic the Iittle thing ts having. 1 think babyhood only glimpse of heaven ae one bens. ng, clang, clung, clang, and the ying. . “How I wish they would play here every Sump day evening.” —<o.-—____ ‘The Age of the World. From the Gentleman's Magazine. Assuming that the average rate of denude- tion in past geological ages did not materially differ from what it is at Present, and that the total quantity of stratified rock would, if uni- formly spread over the whole globe, form a layer 1,000 fect in thickness, we have » total riod of 1,000 multiplied by 6,000 multiplied y 4, or 24,000,000 years. This, however, only represents the time necessary to deposit the rocks which have been formed) by denudation from older rocks, and these again from rocks of still greater antiquity. Assuming thet the three we existing stratified rocks have thus passed period of 72,000,000 years. Dr. Haughton, calculating from the observed thickness of the rocks down to the tertiary, and astuming a period of 8,616 for each foot deposited ou the ocean bed, for the age of the stratified rocks, a. period 1,526,750,000 years. Assuming the rate of de- nadation, however, as ten times in an- cient times than af present, and adding one- third for the period since the miocene tertiary, he arrives at 4 final result of 200,000,000 years. Dr. Croll doubts the validity of Prof. Haugh- fons assumptions, expecially the total thickness he assumes, namely, 177,200 feet, or over thirty three mi Mr. A. KR. Wallace, ting Dr. Haughton’s thickness, but cnsming’ the sediment tobe deposited along « belt of thirty miles wide round the whole coast line of the globe, finds, with an assumed denudation of one foot im 3,000 years, however, on of remarkable “faults” in various parte of the world, with “downthrows” ranging from 8,009 to 20,000 feet, the enormous amount of solid rock which must have been denudefoff the surface of the earth during the progress of geological . He estimates miles of rock have been removed Finning of the old aed sandatome. ey ‘ever, seem to satisfy the gists and the