Evening Star Newspaper, April 11, 1891, Page 6

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C, SATURDAY, APRIL 11.-1891—SIXTEEN PAGES, only hundreds of millions of dollars but the most generous people and bea:itifal city on earth, that [have the distinguished honor of welcoming you to our hearts, our homes and to our hospitable board. [Great applause. “Gentlemen, the first © tonst of the evening, which is always drunk standing, and which every American drinks with enthusiasm, 4s to the President ofthe United States.” When in response to a gesture r. Parker the company had risen and drunk the toast to the President, Mr. Parker introduced Mr. Justice Harlan, who responded to the “Su- preme Court of the United States.” i | A NEW CENTURY BORN) Its Possibilities for Washington and the Nation Eloquently Set Forth. THE BANQUET LAST NIGHT. ‘Fhe District Centenary and the Patent Cen- tenary Celebrated st a Feast Prepared by the Board of Trade—Famous Men and Bril- Mant Speeches. The man who invented the banquet asa means of bringing together distinguished men and evoking from them eloquent expressions of the current thought of the day, would have Deen highly gratified at the success of his de- ‘Vico, at least in one case, if he had been pres- ‘ent last night at the Arlington Hotel. The oc- ‘easion was the banquet given by the Washing- tou board of trade to celebrate at one and the ‘ume time the centenary of the American pat- ent system and that of the District of Columbia. ‘The large reception room and the adjoining Banquet ball in the hotel were used for the gathering. The company, numbering over . 4 two hundred, comprised members of the | the Supreme Court of the United States, he re- cabinet and distinguished government officials, | ferred to the provisions of the Constitution and Roted men who have been attending the great | of statutcs relating to patents. “The decisions of the Snpreme Court of the @athering of inventors and manufacturers bere | 1,04 Staten,” he said, “bear testimony 10 the MR. JUSTICE HARLAN. After acknowledging the courtesy shown to tosay this much.notwithstanding those tents have not been sustained quite whose naturally believe that the court bus not alwa: decided correctly. {Laughter.} It is the mis- fortune of the courts that they cannot please everybody. All that they esndo isto decide rightly as they see it, regardless of the conse- quences to individuals. “Icannot take my seat, Mr. President, without congratulating the army of inventors who have come up to the national capital to celebrate the inauguration of a system which has done so much | for our own people, indeed, for all manki"d. And I must congratulate the Wash- ington board of trade upon the interest which this royal banquet has added to the occasion. You, sir, and your associates of that board are worthy ‘representatives of the business, the trade and the prosperity of Washington.” We ail, and indeed the whole country, owe a debt of gratitude for what you and they have done toward accomplishing that which is near to the hearts of every American, to make this beautiful city the most attractive spot in the A GROUP OF Gvrsrs. and prominent and representative citizens of the District. ‘The banquet was made in all its details worthy of the two great events it commemo- rated. The dining room waa tastefully adorned. ‘The seating wes so arranged that the speakers of the evening could be seen and heard of all. ‘There was one long table at one side extending the length of the spacious room. In the center of this sat Mr. Myron M. Parker, the president of the board of trade. At his left was Secretary Noble; at his right Justice Harlan and Secre- tary Foster and the other guests of the evening from whom speeches were expected were given seats in the vame distinguished line. Seven smaller tables projected in parallel lines from this main board. ‘The tables were adorned with roses and ferns. The menu, which was printed ou a handsymely decorated card, was as follows: Biue Points. Clear Turtie Soup. Anchovies. Olives. ‘Radishes, Striped Bass,a in Chambord. Cucumlers. "Bermuda Potatoes. Chicken Croquettes. Green Peas. ‘Fillet of Beef. with Mushrooms, ‘Asparaeus. world.” [Great applause.} SECRETARY NOBLE. Secretary Noble, responding to the toast “The Future of the American Patent System,” made a brilliant and ringing speech. He referred to the sentiment to which he was to respond aa one “full of significance and hope as to the future of the American patent system. We stand,” he said, “at the opening of a new cen- tury, both for the inventive genius of our land and for the capital of our country. It isan cceasion worthy of the deepest patriotism and of the freest expression of approbation as to the past and hope for the future.” The Secretary referred in most compli- mentary terms to the congress just closed, and said the papers he had there were the most eloquent and the most instructive he had ever beard, and at the same time the most conducive Punch, Talla Rookh. Grouse, Boss: ted. Currant Jelly. ‘Lettuce and Tomato Salad. ast was from a gastronomic pont of view it will be memorable on account of the men who sat down to it and the cara: ter of the speeches that it produced. Fvery nt of the government was represented | to the prosperity of this country. ies of the city of Wash-| “There was a time,” he said, “beyond this wonderful benetits of the | century that has just been finished &hen insti- m were exploited in eloquent words. | tutions that man had created were such that Parker opened the after-dinner ex- | they subjugated man both body and soul with- ‘dress of weleome, and those | in their confines; there was no such thing as the regular toasts were Mr. | personal liberty; there was no such hope as taries Noble and Foster, | buman aspiration had a right to expect. The es, District Commissioner Doug: | time grew on until at the beginning of the cen- tury now Just closed the agitation of the people, the aspirations of the souls of the land of other nations and our own were such that the .. M. Curry, Gen. Lewis A. Grant, ry of war: Bishop Keane, Hon. tant secretary of the navy; Hon. € Mitchell, commissioner of patents; | shackles were broken, the thorns that existed Hon. S. A. Whittield, tirst assistant postmaster | before were cast in the dust and the spirit of general: Hon. Benj. Butterworth and Attorney | man in all his nobility and possibilities stood Hon. F. 0. St. Clair, who was American patents from the and Assistant Necre- y partment of agriculture, Who was to have spoken of “American Patents im Agriculture,” were unable to be present. General Miller. upon the surface of this earth with no confines beyond those of the utmost liberty and no con- troller but the Almighty who made him. At that time came invention, the power to con- ceive and bring into actual form along with all other intellectual faculties that have made his- tory illustrious, one that had raised as if from a virgin soil and sought even in distant lands, as our country then was, the opportunity upon a new field to make new efforts in behalf of hu- manity. Itwas then and not before that the inventive genius of our race, strong in its phys- ical power, with the gray matter in its brain greater than any ober people, found an opportunity to do and to imagine what it were well to do, and to accom it’ If you take the history of the patent office you Will find that when’ it was initiated was no great rush of patents. In 1790, the anniversary of which you celebrate on this 10th day of April, in that whole year there were but three -%_ | patents granted. Was the mind of man awake to the opportunity; had the spirit of this land t been caltivated so thatitcould understand a PRESIDENT PARKER. When the coffee was served at the close of patent? No; the truth is, and you men, I think, will bear me out in the statement, that it the banquet Mr. Parker rose and opened the after dinner exercises with an address of wel- ! ‘ f takes’ almost as great intelligence in a’ people for whom a patent is intended to understand it as it does in the man who makes it to in- vent it. “Let me say another thing. Among the very few things that I shall address you upon,” re- marked the Secretary, “I have heard it dis- cussed how far the love of gold is the incentive of the inventor. Now, for myself let me say that for honest effort and labor and all that wins gold nobody will reward more generously or more emphatically than myself. The man that bas earned it ought to be able to enjoy it, but when you come to tell me that that genius which presides in the human soul, that is born of the spirit of the age, which age is the age of liberty, is stimulated by the spirit of a 1 deny it, and I say that that earth-born spirit never inspired « noble thought or created a single invention. THE FUTURE. “From this spirit of the past, the increasing or generalizing spirit of the age of freedom, of liberty and constitutional government, what may we not expect for the future. He would be a vain man who in presence like this were tw attempt in detail to announce what he sup- posed the inventions of the future might be. | if he could do it he should immediately resign | from the office that ihold and go upon the | field of invention and make his fortune. That through the patent office. Congres | thing is impossible; but gathering from the Ul afford to appropriate this money for | thoughts that I have thus inefficiently and sion of this buildiay. (Great applause | | poorly expressed may we not say this for our nt to say that if our influence is needed 1 | land, for our home, for our people and its pledge you the support of the Washington | leaders in thought, that its institutious are board of trade in the accomplishment of this | broad enough, that its intellect is str come. “The Washington board of trade,” said Mr. Parker, “appreciates the compliment of being able to contribute to the entertainment of those representing the inventive genius of pro- gressive Americanism. Rarely ever has our city bea permitted to entertain a more dis- tinguished gathering than that which has been im attendance upon the ceremonies incident to the beginning of the second century of the American patent system. When I say this I pay you no idle or empty compliment, since it must be remembered that during the past five years national and international conventions have been held here. I do not think it possible to overestimate the importance of the congress just held. Its benefits will be far-reaching and it will mark an importaut epoch in our country’s progress. It is bopet that one of the results will be the erection in Washinton of a magnificent build- ing. in which can be displayed our working models. In the treasury today are nearly #4, 000,000 covered in by the inventors of the ng pur; (Great applause.} enough and’ that the hidden forces “Gentlemen, the world moves as aresult of ;of nature and the opportunities of your lives. Electricity lights up the universe | art have enough yet undeveloped within them ‘and is fast becoming the motor power. Edison, | for that spirit, under such institutions, to de- in Menlo Park, jogged the world a hundred | velop yet more and more, as the years roll by, years. You whisper in your telephone and | untii this nation, as ithas been distinguished You sympathize with our friend in Chicago cr | iu the past for liberty and invention, will be- You buy stocks in; Wall street. You dropa|come more and more marked among the na- Bickel in the slot and youlisten to the voices of | tious of the earth for the labors of those who, loved ones that have long since gone over the | while they may pursue an individual ambition, Fiver. (Applause.} Alexander Graham Bell like their country and their country's laws, bes anuihiioted pace and cuddled the cities of | seek more the great good of all humanity than the republic around a single fireside. I refer | any individual attainment; and may we not say to the application of these great inventions, | that bere in the great city of Washington, whose mot f purpose of diseruninating against | possibility as a capital has been made by your the celebrated universal clothes wringer | invention, may come yet to view a depaitment Laughter} or the barbed wire combination | devoted alike to the benefit of the people and, safety mouse trap and a thousand other inver- | ait has been, to the support of the govern- tions. ment; that there shall be exemplified in all ite “We recognize with pleasure the presence of | <ifferent aspects the inventive genius of our the honorable Commissioners of the District-- | people: that it sball have wi it such an gentlemen of the highest integrity, gentlemen | abundance of room that those who labor to ‘Whose acministration meets with the approval | give to the ae his title to the creation of of the people of our city. We cannot forget, | Lis brain shall not be smothered in small com- nor would you have us, that tonight we cele- ats aud crowded rooms. brate the centenary of the capital of our coun-| _ “Let the sectional spirit die out. [Applanse.] ‘try—our . your home, the nation’s home. | Let sublime intelligence, that comes. like the When we shall liave listened to one of our es- | sunlight from heaven over all our broad land, teemed citizens address himself to this question | warm the hearts of the south and of the north at the proper time I know you will raise your | until they meet in one common asi for Mad join with me in’ such enthusiasm as | the good of the nation. (Applause) Let. the proper to an American. genius of the land inspire the creative heart of “We also feel greatiy honored by the presence | both sections to rivairy and let in @f the cabinet ministers, the advisers of the | President in the administration of good =. ¢rament, and I want to say to you that so long * you are our guests you will not be impor- funed for office. (Applause.} I want to nay farther that, so far as I member of the Wi holds a public office, nor doI think he would Aceept one save as a compliment to the admin- istration. [Great applause.) “Is ts fer this organization, representing not i i E z i the background, and if used at against our foreign focs. Let this bond union growing from the soil and inspired. the genius of the land find in this city, at the capital of oar common coun home, that beautifal home where all created shall be exhibited, which spirit of the El Feffifece e ar ! 3 nd make in the beginning of the next that temple in which love of country, ius, shell preside ‘upon the, solemn ions the guarantees of consti- rty.” SECRETARY FosTER. Foster, in responding to “Ameri- from a financial standpoint,” said: I think we all agree and I donot wish to touch upon the domain of politics. think we all that the protective principle was never yet applied to an American manufacture with- out a reduction in price. We republicans all claim that an¢ I do not think it is disputed by anyone. How 1 \ach the inventive genius of thi peopie have torio with it noone can determin i apprehend that these great reductions prices when American genius takes hold of a thing is due to to the patent system, to the i vention of our people, and if you were to undertake to measure in dollars and cents the benefits to the people and to mankind that have resulted in inventions { am afraid that I could not furnish the figures to sustain it. Bat | 1 was asked tonight, I mappose to make a speech | upon a single point, and that isfrom a treasury standpoint to state the receipta and disburse ments of the government from this source. Your chairman very kindly furnished me a memorandum this morning, but being a little bit suspicious of boards of trade I thought I would verify it myself from treasury figures. It is but just to say to the chairman of the boar. of trade that his figures were substantially cor- rect, an I find the tacts tu be about as follows: first patent law was seemed to have been unsatisfactory and the re- ceipts were very slight, the total for forty-six cars up to 1#36 being only abort . 200,000. We we no means now of ascertsining the ex- penses during that period. ‘The first favorable patent law was passed! in 1836; receipts in 1638, ¥15,000; expenses, 28,000. From 1838 cach year shows a large increase of receipts and ex- penditures, until 1890, when the re 1,347,000 and the expenses about £1,000.000, the annual profit about $350,000. ‘The total ‘net profits up to date about 74,000,000. Now, gentlemen, the Secretary of the Interior has eloquently portrayed the necessity of a build- ing in this city that shall be fit in all respects to accommodate the inventors of the country. Tanswer for the treasury and say if you can get our intelligent Congress [laughter] to make the appropriation, I will vee that the treasury foots the bill. (Laughter.} ATTORNEY GENERAL MILLER. Attorney General Miller, who was to respond to “The relations of patents to the law,” was unable to be present, but responded ina letter, which was read by Mr. Anderson, secretary of the board of trade, in which he humorously stated the cause of his absence. “I regret,” wrote the Attorney General, “that the enforced entertainment of one of Jub’s comforters makes it impowible for me to be with you tonight at the centennial patent banquet. 1 cannot, how- ever, omit to remind this large body of distin- guished inventors of the crying need for dis- covering a good place to have'a boil. As one of @ profession always benevolently inclined, I must reject at once the suggestion of having it ‘on some other fellow.’ This is at variance with the golden rule, and, therefore, would never be countenanced by lawyers. Asa starter for the Secreta? can paten' \ the grievous debt of some £20,000,000. In both cases they took themselves national bur- dens and were led by public-spirited motives, as the Senate committee re] din 1835, into exponditures which did not properly belong to ‘They are none the loss public spirited, pa- triotic citizens because they owe no allegiance toastate. Their city has planted the roote of its existence and prosperity in the spirit of American nationality, and has flourished as that spirit has been sirong. For themselves they are Americuns or they are nothing; the people of No Man's land; men without a country. It is well for the nation thet their Americanism is intense in [niegatarey to ite concentration, for that which next to the heart of the republic must be flesh of its pulsating with its warmest, richest life or it will be » canker, collecting poisonous matter and eating at the nation’s Vitale, THE DISTRICT'S SECOND CENTURY. In the District's second century it will keep step in every respect with the progress of the na- tion; it will be the republic in miniature. In every branch of municipal development, whether | attractiveness, herltb, trade, commerce, con~ ence or comfort is the aim, the city will be made a model. With the republic's intel- be flesh, blood, ali lectual growth ‘there will a cor- respondiug increase in the eupital’s im- portance as the center from which influences im evel aud polities, flow to every corner of the natioi ‘Lhe tact will also be fuily recognized that tre and parks and streets aud structuves of granite and marble do not alone suftce to constitute | the ideal enpital. There must be men full of the national spirit and fit from favoring condi- tions to show forth the American chazacter in the blaze of the capital to the inspection of the world. {Applanse.} And when all possible wonders bave been wrought in the inanimate capital its people will be considered. ‘They will be relieved from the | burden of ancient laws, utterly unfit for « | modern community, that cling about their necks and choke them like the old nan of the | sea on the shoulders of Sinbad. Injurious dis- criminations mail respects will be removed. The District has been pronounced a state under the treaty with France, a coustruction conferring privileges on aliens, but not a state under the Constitution, whose people can sue in the fed- eral courts. " The Supreme Court of the United States says in express terms that we stand in a more unfavorable attitude toward the national Judiciary than aliens. ‘The District is.a state when direct taxes ure to be collected, but not a state when representatives are apportioned, though the Constitution couples the two things. In the District's second century, when ite population numbers half a million or a million, it will be not merely a stute when burdens aré imposed, but sometimes, at least, withont radi- cal change in the municipal’ government, @ state when privileges are bestowed. In the good time to come, the Washingtonian ag well es Washington will be exalted. Nativity at the capital of the proud republic of ancient times was a world-wide honor. ‘To be a Koman was to be greater thana king. Birth at the capital of the modern republic, far greater genius who is to blest mankind by making this discovery I want to say, from actual experi- ence, that the armpit won't do at all.” MR. T. W. NOYES. Mr. T. W. Noyes of the Evexixa Stan, in re- sponding to the toast, “The centenary of Washington city,” said: As this double com- memoration suggests, the American patent sys- tem and the District of Columbia nar- rowly escaped being twins. For several days, culminating tonight, we have enlogized the first of these approximate twins. We have ascribed the vast national advance of the cen- tury in large part to this birth of a century ago. We bave ranked among the typical be- roes of the age the wonder workers whom this infant, now grown to manhood, has fostered. We consider that no home at the capital in marble or granite can be too spacious or too handsome to be suitable for its accommoda- tion. In short, we of Washington say to the in- ventors: We have praised your hundred-year- old infant and honored its irthday. There is reciprocity in these things. It is time that Columbia's baby was dandled and petted; and asone of the nurses of this infant tonight Propose that wo give our baby a show. ‘THE DISTRICT A CENTURY AGO. When the District corner stone was laid thriving Georgetown was its nucleus of settle- ment on one side of the river nnd Alexandria or Belle Haven on the other. Thesiteot Wash- ington itself, a plain fringed by gradually sloping heights, was a series af pastures, marshes, patches of cultivated ground and hills green with many trees. It was pleasing to the eye and well adapted to its destined purpose, but those sections now most desirable both for business and residence purposes were then the least attractive. The river front was the choicest portion of the city, if the opinions of the earliest purchasers are considered. Capitol Hill was a dense forest, scarcely touched by the woodman'’s ax. Pennsylvania avenue was a deep morass covered with alder bushes. chusetts avenue in the now fashionable north- west was a bog, undrained in part, as late as than that which ruled from the ‘Seven Hills, will be the just cause of a profounder pride than that which found expression in the words, “Tama Roman.” [Applause.] SAID A HUNDRED TEARS AGO. ‘The orator at the laying of the District cor- ner stone one hundred years ago petitioned and prophesied: “From this stone may a super- structure arise whose glory, whose mugnifi- cence, whose stability, unequalled hitherto, shall astonish the world.” Upon the threshold of the District's second century we can do no better than to repeat this -y branch of learning, | in science and art, in education. in literature | That is all it There is nothing like look-|ente in the army.” After summing up the ing after le. It does an honest man good | various improvements in guns, projectiles, Ww look after him, because it encourages him. | amunition, &c., produced ‘by American in- (Applause.] HOW THE DISTRICT HAS GROWN. The population of the District of Columbia in 1800 was about 14,000. I soe a number of bank presidents and heads of trust companies here and I know they are very ular about figures. Sometimes send Fou s protest after three days, but I will give it to you in round numbers. In 189 the population had risen to two hundred and thirty thousand and some huudred, the regular large increase commenc- ing about 1870 or 1871. In the last decade we have added over 17,000 buildings to the city of Washington or the’ District of Columbia, and some gentlemen have estimated, taking the average width of lote, that if put together they would make between forty and fifty miles of buildings. You know how handsome they are, and within a few fect of me are gentlemen who own and have built mauy of the handsome ones. As to the streets I think we keep them as | clean as most peopledo. I go to New York and Brooklyn. I visited my son-in-law in Brooklyn afew months ago. He lives on an important ventors, he said “Within the inst few daysmuch has been anid about the powerf @ European So per fectly and effectively has the work of destruc- tion been planned and carried out that within a surprisingly short time there can be placed beneath the water's surface an indefinite num- ber of destructive explosives, and those can be #0 arranged that the vessels passing over them will cause explosion ir own ruin. Or they may be so arranged that vessels may pes over them unbarmed and arrange themselves i of battle ready for attack, and then by a touch on the ahore—it may be from the hand of » small child—there will come in- stantaneous explosions all along the line, sufti- gient to, destroy in an instant of time the largest fleet finding room in one of our harbors, “There is also ready and waiting for any for- eign invader the pneumatic dyuamite torpedo & avenue and it not been swept this winter. | guu, wholiy an American invention, ly due No commissioner could live in this District | to Mr. Mefford, but Capt. Zaliuski is entitled to who did not sweep the streets at Icast once in | much credit in its development. ‘it isa veri- six months. I get regularly hauled over the coals if Ido not do it almost every other day in the week. Ou: schools are celebrated, [think Imay say with propriety. This year we have appro- priated one way and another for school pur- poses ¥YN,000; $220,000 of thet will’ go into new buildings. When they are finished, with those now being constructed, under current | positions groups of mortars, sixtecu forming a expenditures, we will have over 100 school | group, from which the most destructive ¢x- buildings in the District of Columbia. plosives can be ut once hurled high in the air, table innovation, in that compressed air is used in place of gunpowder to propel the Be Jectile, charged explosives’ ft ia capable of harlin <ndous mass of dyna- mite through the air and against a vessel, caus ing its complete destruction, “Again, if the work of destruction is not alreaily complete we will plant on shore in safe You know what our police system is. You | ant so n saw some of them on the avenne today in com- | of range « i Peay with the soldiers, I have no doubt you | calculation that they may be made to drop with divided your admiration between the soldiers | wonderfa ceuraey upon the offending vessel. It will do more than pierce the joints of the Yessel’s armor: these huge and destructive missiles will drop upon the upper deck, pene- trate the ship, explode and destroy it. “These things are not mere theories in th minds of American inventors; nor do they ex- ist simply in the models in the patent offi but they exist in terrible reality, and a nation belligerently inclined is respectfully in- d to test them, “With the best of guns and small arms,” he said, in closing, “and all the equipments of war, with all the appliances and inventions for moving troops and concentrating armies, with an effective force of more than 3,000,000 of stalwart men ready for the ficld, sustained and supported by more than 60,000,000 of loyal hearte—among whom are the mothers and daughters of the nation—ourarmy is in ble to any force that can be brought against it. The American standard isfall high advanced and forcibly sustained. With the increasing strength of our navy and maritime commerce our flag shall not oply proudly wave over all our land, but it shall spread its ample folds in every commercial port of the globe. and the ‘police. Lexpect that my friend Ross thought the police handsomer than the soldiers, because he runs thom. We have been a lit hampered in the selection of them, but through. the aid of the court, if not of Congress, we will probubly be able to have a wider choice in the future. We had to dismiss ons of them. Once in a while a fellow gets a little thirsty, but that happens all over the country. Our fire department madé a record out on this corner within a month. A fire alarm was sounded and within two minutes and a hulf there was a response by the department and a stream of water playing upon the building. ‘The record is seven and half minutes any- where in the city from the time the beil is struck until there are one or two or three streams of water being thrown upon the fire. ‘The result is this is a miserable pince for boys. ‘They cannot have any fun at fics. The only fire we ever bad that amounted to anything was in the Interior Department here, and that is a stone building. I never could understand that, but it is a fact. ‘Now, gentlemen, I know that some of you are beginning to think about breakfast and "I not detain you any longer. I think I can ex- press the trust that at the end of the next cen- tury when the citizens of that day are as- sembled at some hall to celebrate the events of the past century you will all hope they will find a loved and’ united people’ and that they will find them, as now. the grandest nation in the world, filled with the Lappiest ome, rayer and prophesy, so suggestive of the Bright acetates concerning the federal Dis- trict eras at ite creation. We some- times hear lofty reflections concerning the nar- row views of the founders of the republic. In respect to the capital we do well we fultill the hope, prophesies and anticipations of the forefathers and not prove narrower than they. It was their idea that Washington should be a federal city, developed by the nation and subject to its control; but it was not their idea that it should be without people. Its grand on ~ expectation cf a ge population. Washington's imagination covered the fair fields and wooded hills of his namesake city with the homes of a numero’ busy and happy people, a people not to outw: appearance aliens, ' politically, and less than aliens judicially, but clothed with all American rights not absolutely inconsistent with the fostering control by the nation of the national capital. One bundred years ago a great mind conceived the idea of a statue of Perfect symmetry and beauty. ‘This idea was impressed upon the snowy whiteness of the heart of a huge block of marble and the statue's outlines lay hid beneath the stone's rough and discolored surface. For a century at intervals men have worked with drill and blast, with pick and chisel, toreach the heart of this rocky mass and to expose to sun- light and the oyee of men the perfect statue. Stroke by stroke the statue is uncovered. Inch by inch it rises in dazzling and perfect loveliness from all that is coarse and rude and 1862, in which year Anthony Trollope, the English novelist, waded along it knee deep through snipe grounds. Upon this founda- tion the capital of today has been built—the modern Washington, the focus of national tics, the great gathering place of the people in conventions assembled, with its quarter of a million of population, rapidly increasing and spread , present District; a city sustained, improved and adorned by the annual expenditure of more than $5,000,000; witl ‘lean and eco- nomical non-partisan municipal government {applause}, a marvel in this respect among great Ame cities; with surface remodeled, with more smooth streets than any othe: city in world; with enterprising business houses, relieving Washington from dependence upon its great commercial neighbors: with manufactures, not imposing, butrespectable, that caused Washington, accord- ing to the census of 1880, to rank among the twenty leading American cities; with manufac- min Pormernterraern that have more than doubled in number since 1880, notwithstanding the design has been to retain Washington's pre- eminence as a residence city by encouragin, only light and clean mannfucturing; with brow streets shaded for several hundred miles, with nearly 70,000 trees, destined to make Washing- ton forest city; with attractive suburban drives, including those which traverse the re- cent d acquisition of Rock Creek Pazk, with its winding stream and its wild and diver- sified scenery; with parks and reservations, givena picturesque beauty by shrubbery and abundance of foliage, statuary, fountains and flowers, and with costiy dwellings, showing the most varied and pleasing architecture spring- ing up in rapid succession, where Trollope sunk knee-deep in mud. IN TWENTY YEARS. The greater part of this transformation has been accomplished within the last twenty years, The wretched condition of the eapital for three-fourths of a century is attested by all descriptions. In connection with the gift to it of nearly three-fourths uf the soil of Washing- ton, in order to sell lots carved from this gift, the nation promised that Washington should be the permanent seat of government and pre- tended that this permanent capital would De improved at national expense withont regard to th ty population that would be at first attracted to it. liaving secured this mag- nificent donation and pocketed the procecds from the sale of lots the nation utterly failed to meet its promises. It frequently threatened to remove the cupital, which meant, of course, the death of Waxtington. It. ‘practically abandoned the work of street improvement and capital making to the scanty resident pop- ulation. ‘There was no wonder that the Dis trict grew slowly. ‘The nation has now returned half way to the original and appropriate idea of the federal city. This guardin, who for three-fourths of a century was unfaithful to his trust, now, without making the slightest restitution for the wrongs of the past, shares the expenses of the ward whom he equitably bound himveif ia the to support, and some men call it subject to this or any other reproach upon their public spirit, so iar as their relations to the nation are concerned. They have risked life and shed blood in every ‘national war. ‘They furnished the first volunteers and sup- plied more troops in excess of their quota In the civil struggle than any state except one. They have paid their proportion every national tex, direct and indirect. ‘They have contributed in proportion to population far more than any other American community for national purposes. ‘They gave to the nation five-sevenths of the soil uf ington, an ac- quisition pronounced by Jefferson “really noble.” ‘They thus supplied a fund from’ which most of the original public buildings were erected. ‘Those ~ that since then have becn constracted at national expense are offset by attractive homes egating millions of dollars, in value with which they have adorned the city and swelled ite taxablo property. Nearly all the work of street improvement and capital-making whic! The capital’ over the ‘whole of the | bor charity. The people of the District are not | beer of | that we have the best municipal s; Ugly in the stone and earth of its surroundings, gu the goddess of beauty rose in days of ol from rough gray surface of the ocean. The century old ideal of Washington is fast becoming real, tangible, visible. It is for us of the republic's second century to give the finishing touches to the work designed 100 ago, Let no blundering chisel mar the delicate ing statue whose uty, half concealed, half exposed, assures to America and the world a perfect embodi- ment of the ideal capital. (Great applause}. COMMISSIONER DOUGLASS. The eighth regular toast, “The District of Columbia,” was responded to by Hon. John W. Douglass, president of the board of District Commissioners. He said: Itis ordinarily said of a man who isa little y or whose head is bald, when he makes a Slip either in speech or in business: that “he lost his grip.” But you cannot any that of me, for Ihave gota good deal of mine left with me. Why the toast of “The District of Columbia” should have followed that of “The City of Washington” Ido not kuow unless it was un- derstood that after the very able and scholarly speech of my friend mine was expected tofollow, as the substance is followed by the shadow. i congratulate him upon having made a fine ex- position of the beauties and possibilities of the | District and I feel that he has relieved ine from. alarge lond of responsibility which I nover could have performed. ‘There is something remarkable in the open- ing of two centennials—one of the patent sys- tem of the Laited States und the other of the District of Columbia. District corner stone was luid on the 15th of April, 1791, and, the commissioners for that purpose first met in| ‘orgetown on the 10th of April. ‘The patent ‘stem, like a true Yankee, got a few days start of the otber. T notice on this card that the patent system is down for diseus.ion in relation to everything except with reference to municipal govern- ment, and that branch of the subject has not mdiscucsed. If you have another meeting of the bodtd of trade to propose a discus- sion of the patent system you will haye to have a heading like this: “Munkciyal patent system,” if T ean judge anything from the expressions which have been uttered here tonight. I hear constantly from gentlemeri traveling all through this country and other countries of the world Bishop Keane, rector of the Catholic Uni- versity of America, in responding to the toast, “Washington, the educational center of Amer- ica,” said: I return thanks to you and the board of trade for the tribute paid in this tonst, not only to our city of Washington, but also and especially to the cause of education, the prometion of which is our city’s greatest glory. return special thanks that to me, as president of the youngest educational institution in the District, should have been intrusted the honor to respond to this toast. When our Washing- ton, 100 years ago, pointed ont this spot on the ‘RON. J. L. M. CURRY. In the course of his response to the toast, “The capital of the foremost republic,” Hon. J. L. M. Curry said: “Washington city, of Pies og Wakely —_— with oa fame, the character an 10 achievements of | banks of the Potomac as the site of his coun- him of whom Lord Brougham said. that the |try's capital, it is easy to recognize that text of progress in civilization and liberty was | special Providence must have guided his choice. to be determined by the respect and the rever- | He placed it here where our north line and our ence that should be shown the character of | south line touch, to be a link in that national that man. The inhabitants of the state are | anity which, after inevitable vicissitudes, was to localized in their attachment. Washingtonians | bind’ “them togetiiy in cans aoe are not restricted by any narrow state lines. | fGreat applause.) They are not cabined or cribbed and confined |" He placed it here near the shores of the by any local state prejudices. In the broad | ocean, whose waters bathe the shores of the old sweep of their sympathies they take in every | world and new alike, to show that our country, part and every interest and every citizen of | taking up all that was true and wise and good this union of states. I wish I could imitate, | in the history of the past, was to carry it on nay, I should even regard it as proud privi- | further and further, with the rave of the ad- lege, if I were able to repeat what "n 80 | vancing sun, until it should reach the furthest eloquently and so poetically said in reference | confines of this vast continent, rise higher and to ‘this great capital by the editor of the | higher in clearer and purer radiance to such evening paper this city. It suggests | heights of ci ‘tion and of human welfare itself of course obviously on all such occasions as, amid the di ns, hostilities and innumer- that Washington is the capital of this great | abie entanglemens of the old world, had been confederation of states. You sce already that | Simply impracticable. I am not a republican. [Applause.] It is of |" Well did Washington know that the founda- course the seat of government of this great) tion of such a civilization must be by liberty union of states. The executive, the judicial, | pj intelligence. His patriotic valor had con- the legislative departments are’ concentrated secrated our country as a temple of jiperty for- here. Hither come the representatives from | ever and now he wished that h coUntry should Ste RodP le beet ben ce pleat | sno be lmne by euch intligence ewe be worthy of that liberty and make our country center. From int have the in- | worthY tO be its chief champion to the end cf time. We all know that it was his oft-repeated desire that our national capital should be a center of learning, so that here, side by side with the halls of legislation and the judiciary, should be reared those shrines of learning whence should be diffused popular enlighten: ment to the ends of the land. We know how he bequeathed to the erection of a university for that purpose all that he could spare out of his not very great fortune. He could see no reason why the youth of America should go in search of learning to the great schools and col- leges of the European capitals, where the sur- roundings were naturally so alien to their coun- try’s genius, rather than here in the capital city poi fluences which have molded legislation and or- ganized and directed parties, but this centen- Rial impremes us with and. etphasizes the fact that Washington city, no longer content with being simply the political center, has become or is fast Becoming the great center of the re- public. Perhaps it may not have occurred to some who are here tonight that in the various bureaus there go out continually certain de- mands for men of scholarship and intelligence and research and science; that the publications from our various scientific bureaus have placed our glorious country alongside of the most en- lightened scientific nations end societies of the earth. read the other day in a littlepamphlet got- America, ten up by the scholarly presidentot the Colum. Sern sree tly by stm benantd dian University in this city that there were | the pulsations of their country's mighty heart connected with the National Museum twenty- three bureaus of scientific character under the patronage of the government of the United States. ‘The atmosphere we breathe, as been illustrated here tonight. is an atmosphere of eloquence, poetry and thought. This cen- tennial celebration of the patent system is the best and possibly the most couspicnous illus- tration of what may be done by a government for science.” “Tcannot.” he went on, “pursue this train of thought at this hour and’ under these circum- stances. I venture, however, to say in connec- tion with this city that while the Columbian exhibition at Chicago (applanse]—I was not in favor of its going to Chicago. Iwas a Wash- ington city man. [Great applause. “I will say in connection with the Columbian exhibition at Chicago, that city which in its growth and its development the marvel of the centaries, north, south, east and wost, that none will be more loyal to what has been done than the inhabitants of Washington city in striving to make it the most brilliant success of all the expositions of the century. [Great applause.] “This Columbian exposition shall be sustained under the direction of the general government of the United States. This great capital city of the country shall not be or ought not be behit.d- hand in ite prominent connection with it. To this great city flock visitors from all lands. Hither come students of economical and scientific questions, of commerce and cf tics. After our great naval reviews at New York and at Hampton there will come to this metropolis, the most benutifal of all the cities of this continent and the Mecca of liberty-lov- ing people, pilgrims from all lands, tives from’ all ‘nations, between Whom no en- ‘THE WISH OF WASHINGTON. Tocarry out the wish of the father of our country ought to be the wish of every man who Joves her and honors him. The other great cities of the land will naturally be the centers where power of commerce, power of manu- facturing, power of accumulated wealth, power of crowded population will be made to con- tribute in many ways to the country’s good. But the central city of the nation’s life should be what Washington wished it to be and what the nature of things promised it shall be, a center of enlightenment, whose radiance chall to the farthest limite'of the land to make the minds of Americans and the hearts of Amer- icans worthy of the vocation that God has given our country and worthy of the patriotic valor our fathers have won for our inheritance. Men may doubt, as some have doubted and some still doubt, whether it would bea judi- cious thing to erect here a great national school founded and supported by governmental aj propriations—necessarily, therefore, largely Fublect to the influences of administrations and of ; in danger, therefore, of foster- rather than ‘patriotic i in this land which is rising to « love of country above love of a mere locality ought to desire that the center of our natic fe should also be the ceuter of the loftiest sentiment animated by the loftiest patriotism. Nor can any man doubt that every man capable of indi in that rival Waeh- toward that : tulging demerger be nn hy It Sean, re ene in our whom we wi cultivate peace, good w- | whose spirit and whose aims are ship and reciprocal trade.” stem in force on this continent at any rate, if not in the whole world. It has been said by authority that the President of the States is the mayor of the District of Colum- bia; that the Senate and House of Representa- E i i nH | i u tbe re Ate | | ali { H it Ly Hy I a No Substitutes For Royal Baking Powder. The “Royal” is shown by all tests, official, scientific, and prac- tical, stronger, purer, and better in every way than all other Baking Powders. Its superiority is privately acknowledged by other manufac- turers, and well known by all dealers, If some grocers try to sell another baking powder in place of the “ Royal,” it is because of the greater profit. This of itself is good evidence of the superiority of the “Royal.” To give greater profit the other must to cost less it must be a lower cost powder, and be made with cheaper and inferior materials, and thus, though selling for the same, give less value to the consumer. LOOK with suspicion upon every attempt to palm off upon you any baking powder in place of the “Royal.” There is no substitute for the “ Royal.” the center of our national life, let edteation lift up oar to enlightenment and let morality and religion pervade and animate their intelligence, making them worthy to be he trusted guardians of that mered deposit of rights and liberty bequeated to us by our fathers. And from this center of our national life let there ever flow to the ends of our land— yea, to the ends of the world— those influences Which have made our country in the past, as Mr. Gladstone has said. the largest and latest growth of the great Christian civilization and | }; which in the future is, we hope, destined to make her the brightest and the ASSISTANT SECRETARY SOLEY. In responding to the toast, “‘American patents in the navy,” Hon. J. R. Soley, assistant secre- tary of the navy, said: “Nine years ago the navy of the United States was composed of a collection of rapidly decaying wooden ships. Propelled by antiquated engines snd armed with amooth-bore guns. So far from advane- ing, its condition since the war had been one of steady deterioration. Its vessels and ite guns were a subject of derision at home and of con- tempt abroad. Today the department is en- gaged in the building of twenty-five modern steel ships, three of them battle ships of 10.000 tons displicement, and two more will shortly be added to the list. In these vessels every device has been put to use that the inventive ingenuity of the age could suggest. The trip expsusion engine, the dynamo, the subdivided structure and double bottom, the modern pneu- matic and hydraulic appliances, the multito of contrivances for propulsion, for distillation, for steering, for ventilation, for hoisting, for defense against projectiles, for exciuding the dangerous inrush of water, for increasing the eficicncy of the armament have made the modern war ship, with her machinery and her main and secondary batteries, a structure #0 complex and so diversified’ in all its in- numerabie detuils as to call for the application of inventive skill in nearly every department of mechanical science. And back of all thie lies the vast advance which recent years have shown in the materials of constrac- tion, in the steel itself, by means of improved tools, improved processes of manufacture, im- proved combination of elements, in frames aud lates, in castings, in armor, in gun forgings. hen'the high and exacting requirements of the Navy Department in the quality of steel which if called for were first made known it was doubtful if the manufacturers could fur- nish it, but the mechanical skill of the country showed itself equal to the demand, and the sult has been a product which has no superior im the world. The progress thus marked in materialsand in mechanical devices, stupendous as it has beer: during the last few years, seems to be without bounds or limits that man can fix. Truly it may be said that in the tield of the inventor working in the applications of naval science there are no horizons.” COMMISSIONER MITCHELL. Hon. ©. E. Mitchell, commissioner of patents, responded eloquently to “The first century of sire to occupy your time, but I wish that I could atate in's foreible way'a single fact relat- ing to the progress of invention. Until one hundred years ago, although it had advanced in civilization and ‘produced mighty geniuses in all matters that related to the common affairs of life, it stood with the twenty centuries before. The plow of Washington, despite his ingenuity, was not greatly superior to the plow of Cincinatus. The printing press of Benja- min Franklin was the pri ress of Gutten- ‘Tho veaeels that sailed the sea were 8 “I do not de- calenlation. In fact, the unfortunate thief te now reduced to the’ necessity of stealing the whole pouch. It is cal imponsiility for hi i ceal the evidence of Ashort time ago the department ft tit had in ite 250,000 mail loci Magniticent pounds. These locks had ¢: fifty-seven cents each. of twenty cents « hundred the government could vot be axed lock restored to use. “1 could more easily and quickly enumerate what w be left im th dixtanc lying stations, eo time experienced we design to avail pneumatic tubes, this work. HON. WENIAMIN RUTTER: The Inst regular toast of the ‘American patents at the world’s expos- tion,” and it was responded to by Hon. jamin Butterworth, wittily and cloqu “I am asked | ry | are and what they will be bibiting everything. what bur an patent aystem and all other thi terest. pride in this g uted. It is true, great enterprise al it was fit am held. Other persous held in New York. tt n strip ved to turn the ant an now be fed on one side of tI Allegha- nies aud the Incteal fluid will be poured owt om the ot It lias be | shall be held at Chi lnost generous, war Tderire to cull you » the opporix great exposition D t with the pport trom attent beheves that Chicago wa ued, from the foundation of the woz! the metropolitan city of the continent, | this belief cbey work ae and ineir works have After the reguiar s Richard Pope, the Canaaian patent commis: stover; Dr. B. J. Gath » newly president of the American Associati | Yentors and Manufacturers, and Bishop Ireland | responded brictly to cally by the chairman. | THOSE Wat RESENT, | The guests inclu Foster, Justice Harlan, Assixte Grant of the War Department and Soiey of the Navy Department, Commissioner Mitchell of the patent office, Bishop Keane, Hon. J. 8. M. Curry, Archbishop 1 of. Pr , Domin cashier commissoner, examiner of the ( Robert, Ethan All E. Parsons, Henry P. Z. Caracristi, Marshal D. M. E |. C. E. Dutton, Prot. Thomas vol. B.A. Seely, Hon. Robert &. ‘Daslor, Proi. R. H. Thurston, Prof. W. P. Trowbridge, Carroll D. Wright, commissioner of labor, and W. 1. Harris, commissioner of education. Of the central patent committee: Messrs. J. W. Babson, J. T. Dubois, R. W. . Mason, eC. Maynard, M. C. Stone, J. E. | Watkins and John Lyneh. Of the national committes—Joha H. Bert- George F. Simonds, D. Smyth, D. J. Weems, Eli Whitney, and George youre. Chairmen of the local celebration commit- tees Schuyler Dun Cyrus Busses, rence Gurdner, W. C. McIntire, W. B. Thomp- son, J. R. McCammon, M. D. Helm, W. BR. Lap- ham, > Duffy and 8. HL a of advieory cominitice lou. E. Paine, Bl Prof, 3. W } i | Westing | | Gray. H. E. Paine, Ellis Spear, Prof. J. Powell, Marshall McDonald, Dr. J. C. Welling, Kev. J. E. Hankin, NL. Frobingham, Brown Goode, Ai. V. Montgomery, Thomas Wil- ‘The members of, the Washington board of trade, oats erening, who wore pree- oi 4 KE fs iy if i J i