Evening Star Newspaper, December 1, 1890, Page 2

: wT ‘evinced on the part of Congress a growing real- ‘of the importance of the consular serv- ice in fostering our commercial relations abroad ting the domestic revenues, " As scope of operations expands, increased ‘mast be made to keep up the essential standard of efficiency. ‘The necessity of some uate measure of supervision and inspec- = Deen so often presented that I need ealy commend the subject to your attention. ‘TUE TREASURY STATEMEST. ‘The revenues of the Government from all sources for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1890, were $463,969,080.55, and the total expendi- tures for the same period were $358,618,584.52. ‘The postal receipts have not heretofore been included in the statement of thene aggrega owe of comparison the sum of $00,885,091 22 shoutd be. deducted from: both sides of the account. | The surplus for the year, ished or suspended. I hay directed the Post- muster General to pursue this course in all cases where \da- to require necessary any certificates are granted. It certainly is not too much to require that an ican citizenship shall be heard with as much care and recorded with as much formality as Property right. POOL SELLING IN THE DISTRICT. ineluding the amount a) to the sinking fund, was $105,344,496.03. The receipts for 1890 were 816,000,025.79 and the expenclitures $15,739,871 in excess of those of 1889. The customs receipts increased 25,835,342.88 and the receipts from internal revenue $11,735,- 191.89, while, on the side of expenditures, that for pensions was €19,312,075.96 in excess of the preceding year. treasury statement for the current fiscal partly actual and partly estimated. is as Tollows: Receipte from all sources, 406,000, 000; total expenditures, $354,000.00, leaving a surplus of $52,000,000 -not ‘taking the postal receipts into the account on either side, The Joes of revenne from customs for the last quar- tor is estimated at 25,000,000, but from thin is deducted a of about 316,000,000, realized during the first four months of the year. For the year 1892 the total estimated receipts are ,000,000 and the estimated expenditures 2957,852,209.42, leaving an estimated surplus of $15,147, 790.58, which, with a cash balance of 252,000,000 at the beginning of the year, will give 267.147,790.58 as the sum available for the redemption of outstanding bonds or other uses. ‘The eekimates of receipts and expenditures for the Post Ofiice Department, being equal, are not included in this statement on either side. ‘THE ISSUE OF SILVER NOTES. ‘The act “directing the purchase of silver bul- lion and the issue of treasury notes thereon.” approved July 14, 1890, has been administered by the Secretary of the Treasury with an earn- est purpose to get into circalation at the earliest possible dates the full monthly amounts of treasury notes contemplated by ite provis- fons and ai the same time to give to the market for silver bullion such support as the law con- templates. The recent depreciation in the ice of silver has been observed with regret. Fie rapid rise in price which anticipated and followed the passage of the act was influenced in some degree by speculation, and the recent reaction is in part the result of the same cause and in partof the recent monetary disturb- ances. Some mouths of further trial will be necessary to determine the permanent effect of ‘the recent legislation upon silver values, but it iu gratifying to know that the increased cireu- lation secured by the act has exerted and will continue to exert a most beneficial influence upon business and upon gener! values, While it has uot been thought best to renew formally the suggestion of an mternational con- ference looking to an agreement touching the fall use of silver for coinage at a uniform ratio, eare has been taken to observe closely any change in the situation abroad. and no favora- ble opportunity will be lost to promote a result which it is coniidently believed would confer very large benefits upon the commerce of the worl ‘The recent monetary disturbances in Eng- Jand are not unlikely to suggest a re-examina- tion of opinions upon this subject. Our ver Jarge supply of gold will, if not lost by impui- sive tion in the supposed interest of sil- ver, give us # position of advantage in promot- ings permanent and safe international agree- ment for the free use of silver us a coin metal. ‘THE INCREASE IN CIRCULATION. The efforts of the Secretary to increase the volume of money in circulation by keeping down the treasury surplus to the lowest practi- cable limit have been unremitting and in @ very high degree succesful. The tables presented by him, showing the increase of money in cir- culation during the last two decades, and espe- cially the wble showing the increase during the nineteen months he has administered the affairs of the department, are interesting and instruc- five. ‘The increase of money in circulation during the ninetcen months has been in the ag- $99,466,813, or about £1.50 per capita, and of this increase only 27,100,000 was due to the recent silver legislation. That this mub- stantial and needed aid given to commerce re- sulted inan enormous redaction of the public debt and of the annual interest charge is mat- ter of increased mtisfection. There have been purchased and redeemed since March 4, 1889, 4 und 454 per cent bonds to the amount of #211,- 832.450, at a cost of $246,620,741, resulting in the reduction of the annual interest charge of $8,967,609 and @ total saving of interest of $51,576,706. THE INCREASED INTERNAL REVENUE. I notice with great pleasure the statement of the Secretury that the receipts from internal revenue have increased during the last fiscal ear nearly $12,000,000 anc that the cost of col- ting this larger revenne was less by £90,617 than for the «ame purpose in the preceding year. ‘The percentage of cost of collecting the customs revenue wus less for the last fiscal year than ever before. The Customs Administration Board provided for by the act of June 10, 18M. was selected with great care and is composed in part of men whose previous experience in the administra tion of the old customs regulations had made them familiar with the evils to be remedied, and im partof men whowe legai art judi yuire- ments and exporien +» see-ned to fit them for the work of iaterpreting and applying the new statute. The chief aim of the law is to secure honest valuations of all dutiable merchandise aud to make these valuations uniform at all our portsof entry. Ithad been made mani- fest bya Congressional investigution that» systew of undervaluation had been long in use by certain classes of importers, resulting not only ina great loss of revenue, but in @ most intolerable discrimination aguinst honesty. It is not seen how this legislation, when it is un- derstood, can be regarded by the citizens of any country having commercial dealings with usas unfriendly. If any duty is supposed to be exceasive let the complaint be lodged there. Tt ‘vill surely not be claimed by any well-disposed ta remedy may be sought and al- ed in # system of quasi smuggling. TRE anxr. ‘The report of the Secretary of War exhibits several gratifying results attained during the year by wise and unostentatious methods. The percentage of desertions from the Army (an evil for which both Congress and the Depart- * ment have long been seeking « remedy) has been reduced during the past year 24 per cent, and for the months of August and September. during which time the favorable effects of the actof June 16 were felt, 33 per cent as com- pared with the same months of 1489. ‘The results attained by s reorganization and | $1) consolidation of the divisions having charge of ‘the hospital and service records of the volun- torr are very remarkable. This change was effected in July, 1869, and at that time there were 40,654 cases awaiting attention, than haif of these being calls from the ‘Pension Office for information necewary to the adjudication of pension claims. On the 30th day of June last, though over three hundred thousand new calls had come in, there was not a single case that had not been examined and answered. J concuc in the recommendations of the Bec- retary that adequate and iF appropi tions be continued for coast-defense works and ordnance. Plans have been practically agreed and there can be no reason for de- the execution of them; while the de- ‘Y Organizations constitute, in s sense, the Army of the United States, wi about five-sixths of the annual cost of their maintenance is defrayed by the States. ‘THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE. ‘The report of the Attorney-General is under the law submitted directly to Congress, but as ‘the Department of Justice is one of the Execu- | The tive Departments some reference to the work is | four and three been realized. At the last session I returned, without my ‘approval, a bill entitled “An act to prohibit book making and pool selling in the District of Columbia,” and stated my objection to be that it did not prohibit, but in fact licensed what it pu to prohibit. An effort will be made Under existing laws to suppress. this evi though it is not certain that will be foun adequate. THE U.8. MAIL. The report of the Postmaster-General shows the most gratifying progress in the important work committed to his direction. The business methods have been greatly im} |. Alarge economy in expenditures ‘an increase of quarter millionsin reccipts have DE yt great and di in ya tion and delivery have been attained. The re- port will be found to be full of interest and suggestion, not only to Congress, but to those thoughtful citizens who may be interested to know what business methods can do for that department of public administration which most nearly all our people. of the act to amend certain sec- tions of the Revised Statutes relating to lot- teries, approved September 19, 1890, has been received with great and deserved d popular favor The Post-Oftice t und the Depart- ment of Justice at once entered upon the en- appeals and literature emanating from the lot- tery companies. ‘THE NEW NAVY. The construction and equipment of the new ships for the Navy have made very satisfactory progress. Since March 4, 1889, nine new ves sels have been put in commission, and during this winter four more, including one monitor, will be added. ‘The construction of the other vessels authorized is being pushed, both in the government and private yards, with energy and watched with the most scrupulous care. ‘The experiments conducted during the year to test the relative resisting power of armor plates have been so valuable as to attract great attention in Europe. The only part of the work upon the new ships that is threatened by unusual delay is the armor plating, and ever effort is being made to reduce that to the mit mum. Itis a source of congratulation that the anticipated influence of these modern ves- sels upon the esprit de corps of the officers and seamen has been fully realized. Confidence and pride in the ship among the crew are equiv. alent toa secondary battery. Your favorable consideration is invited to recommenda- tions of the Secretary. THE INTERIOR DEPARTMENT. The report of the Secretary of the Interior exhibits with great fullness and clearness the vast work of that great department and the satisfactory results attained. The tions made by him are earnestly commended to the consideration of Congress, though they cannot all be given particular mention here. The several acts of Congress Jooking to the reduction of the larger Indian reservations, to the more rapid settlement of the Indiana upon individual allotments, and the restoration to more full and searching in into ail the facts fo saterstiarlon® totase in tion for Amer- | article of are given to cases involving the pettiest | x tay, THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C, i bigs is MONDAY, DECEMBER 1. 1890—-TEN PAGES. thefarmers looking profits of business. of the department es | Cy the that the efforts eae The efforts of the Secretary to establish the healthfulness of our meats against ‘he dispar- imputations that have been put upon broad have in substantial Baste jong teat ont, by the ow ite in the wn of the live cattle from pope = the lish doc! ‘abroad, and the do- tion of live animals und pork fen irene ents cuca as fect a guaranty for the wholesomencas of Gur ments’ offered for for- ¢ign consumption as is anywhere given to any uct, and its non-acceptance will quit Cloarly reveal the real motive af any continued restriction of their use; and that having been made clear, the duty of the Executive will be very plain. the progress and’ plospecs ofthe bestedest e progress an 18 ugar industry ts full of interest. Te has alrosdy passed the experimental stage and is acommer- cial success. The area over which the sugar beet can be successfully cultivated ia very large, und another field crop of great value is offered to the choice of the furmer. ‘The Secretary of the ‘Treasury concurs in the recommendation of the Sec: of Agricultare that the official supervision provided by the FOREIGN MARKETS. From the time »f my induction into office the duty of using every power and infinence given by law to the Executive Department for the development of larger markets for our products, empeci ly our farm products, been kept constantly in mind, and no effort has been or will be spared to promote that end. We are under no disadvantage in any foreign marl except that we pay our workmen and wor! women better wages than are eleewhere— better abstractly, better relatively to the cost of the necessaries of life. I do not doubt that a very largely increased foreign trade is accessi- ble to us without bartering for it either our home market for such products of the farm and shop as our own People can supply oF the wages of our working people. In many of the products of wood and iron, and in meats and breadstuffs, we have advant- ages that only need better facilities of inter- course and transportation to secure for them large foreign murkete, The reciprocity clause of the act wisely and effectively opens the way to secure a large reciprocal trade in ex- change for the free admission to our ports of certain products. The right of independent na- tions to make special reciprocal trade conces- sions is well established, and does not impair either the comity due to other powersor what {8 known as the ‘“favored-nation clause,” so gen- erally found in commercial treaties. What is ven to one for an adequate agreed considera- ion cannot be claimed by another freely. ‘The state of the revenues was such that we could tariff law for sugar of domestic production shall be transferred to. the Department of Agri- cul ‘THE CIVIL SERVICE ‘The law relating to the civil service has, s0 far as I can learn, been executed by those hav- ing the power of appointment in the classified service with fidelity and impartislity and the service has been increasingly satisfactory. The report of the Commission shows a large amount of good work done during the year with very limited appropriations. FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. I congratulate the Congress and the country upon the passage at the first seusion of the Fifty-first Congress of an unusual number of laws of very high importance. ‘That the resulta of this legislation will be the quickening and enlargement of our manufacturing industries, larger and better markets for our breadstuffs and provisions both at home and abroad, more constant eraplovment and better wages for our working people, and an inereased supply of a safe currency for the tranwetion of business, I do not doubt. Some of these measures were macted at 80 late a period that the beneficial effects upon commerce which were in the con- templation of Congress have as yet but partially manifested thomselves, ‘The general trade and industrial conditions throughout the country during the year have shown « marked improvement. For many Years prior to 1885 the merchandise balances of foreign trade bad been largely i but dur: ‘ing that year and the year following they turned, agaiet na. It is very. gratifying to know that the last fisca! year again shows a balance in our favor of over $68,000,000. ‘The bank clearings, which furnish a good test of the volume of business transacted, for the first ten months of the year 1890 show, as compared | has with the same months of 1889, an increase for the whole country of about 8.4 per cent, while the increaso outside of the city of New York the public domain of lands in excéss of their needs, have been largely carried into at #0 far as the work was confided to the Executive. Agreements have been concluded since March 4, 1889, involving the cession to the United States of about 14,726,000 acres of land. These contracts have, as required by law. been sub- mitted to Congress for ratification and for the apy tions n to carry them into ef- fect. With the Blescton end ‘Wahpeton, Sac and Fox, Iowa, Pottawatomies und Absentee Shawnees, and Cour d'Alene tribes have not yet received the sanction of Congress. Atten- tion is also called oe a at oat Seen ations made in the case of the Sioux Indi have not covered all the stipulated payments. This should be promptly corrected If an agreement is confirmed, all of its terms should be complied with without delay, and full appro- priations should be made. The policy outlined in my last annual mee sage in relation to the patenting of lands to settlers upon the public domain has been car- ried out in the administration of the Land Office. No jicion or imputation of fraud has been "d to delay hearing and suljudication of individual cases upon their merita. urpowe n to perfect titles of honest settlers with such promptness that the value of the entry might not be swallowed up by the expense and extortions to which a hor Stent iuoe average monthly issue of agricultw te has been increased about six thousand. THE PENSION Laws. The disability pension act, which was ap- proved on the 27th of Jun» last, has been put into operation as rapidly as was practicable. ‘The increased clerical force provided was #e- lected and assigned to work, anda consider- able part of the force ‘in examinations in the field was recalled and added to the work- ing force of the office. The examination and adjudication of claims have, by reason of im- ved mm more rapid than ever fore. There is no economy to the Govern- ment in delay, while there is much hardshi and injustice t0 the soldier. ‘The. anticipa ey iture, while very large, will not, it is believed, be in excess of the estimates made before the enactment of the law. This liberal enlargement of the general law should a more careful scrutiny of bills for special Fe lief, both as to the cases where relief is granted and as to the amount allowed. ‘TRE MORMON QUESTION. ‘The increasing numbers and influence of the | non-Mormon population in Utah are observed | inf with satisfaction. The recent letter of Wilford Woodrnff, president of the Mormon Church, in which he advised his people “torefrain from tructing any marriage for wa of the land” has attracted wide attention, and is hoped that its influence will be ly beneficial in restraining infractions of the laws of the United States. But the fact should not be overlooked that the doctrine or belief of the not renounce teaching it, and advises of it because the law is aj mite true that the law deal with the faith or belief of any one; but it doctrine, but refrains from the matte." Kew, its ould not attempt to 4s quite another thi , and the so to deal with the Territory of Utah as that those who believe polygamy to be _Fightfal shall not have the power to make it lar ‘TRE XEW STATES. ‘The admission of the States of Wyoming and Idaho to the Union are events full of interest and congratalation, not only to the people of bea | hastily ascribed was over 13 percent. During the month of October the ings of the whole country showed an increase of 3.1 per cent over Octo- ber, 1889, while outside of New York the in- crease was 11!¢ per cent. Theve figures show that the increase in the volume of business was | ¢ui very ¢ the country. That this b was conducted upon ‘safe and profitable basis is shown by that there were three hundred lems failures re- in Uetober, 1890, than in the same Tronth of the ing year, with liabilities diminished by about 5,000,000. ‘The value of our ‘exports of domestic merchandise during the last year was over €115,000,000 greater than the preceding year, and was only exceeded once in our history. About £100,000,000 of this ulturai’ products. ‘The pig iron—always a good of general prouperity—is shown by a recent consus bulletin’ to ve been 158 per cent greater in 1690 than in 1980, and the production Of steel 290 per cent greater. Mining in coal has gauge had no limitation excopt that resulti from deficient transportation. ‘The general testimony is that labor is everywhere fully em- ployed, and the reports for the last year show a 7 number of employes affected by trikes and lockonts thin in any year since 1844, The depression in the prices of agricul- tural products had been greatly relieved and a boovant and hopeful tone was beginning to be felt by all our people. ‘These _promisinj some degree checked by the surprising and very unfavorable monetary events which have recently taken place in England. It is gratify- ing to know ‘hat these did not grow in any degree out of the financial relations of London with our people or out of any discredit attached to our securities held in that market. The return of our bonds and stonks wea ansed by a money stringency in |, not by any Jose of value or credit in the securities them- welves. We could not, however, wholly escape the ill eects of a foreign monetary agitation accompanied by such extraordinary incidents as characterized this. It in not believed, however, that these evil incidents, which have for the time unfuvorably affected values in this coun- try, can long withstand strong, safe and wholesome influences which are operating to ve to our profitable returns in all ranches of ite trade and industry. The apprehension ‘that our tariff may again and at ouce be subjected to important gencral changes would undoubtedly add a depressing character. jwence of the most serious ‘THE TARIFF ACT. ‘The general tariff act has only partially gone into operation, some of its important provi- sions being limited to take effect at dates yet in the fature. ‘The general provisions of the law have been in force less than sixty days. Its t effects upon trade and prices still Eirgely stand in conjecture, It's curious. to note that the advance in the prices of articles wholly unaffected by the tariff act was by many ‘to that Notice was not those States now happily endowed with ‘icipation in our privileges and rei ilities, but to all our people. Another States stretches from the Atlantic to the Pacific. ‘The work of the Patent ‘from. F FH fle fl i i i 1 E F i i i E Ht & Hi S38 a [pa R i H ttl uty i dispense with any import duties upon coffee, tea, hides and the lower grades of sugars and mo- lasses. That the large advantage resulting to the countries producing and exporting these arti- cles by placing them on the free liat entitled us to expect affair return in the way of custom con- ceasions upon articles exported by us to them was so obvious that to have gratuitously aban- doned this opportunity to enlarge our trade would have been an unpardonable error. ‘RECIPROCITY. There were but two methods of maintaining | ¢: control of this question open to Congress; to Place all of these articles upon the dutiable list subject to such treaty agreements as could be secured, or to place them all presently upon the free list, but subject to the reimposition of specified duties if the countries from which we received them should refuse to give to us suit- able reciprocal benefits. ‘This latter method, I think, possesses great advantages. It expresses in advance the consent of Congress to reciproc- ity arrangements affecting these products, which must otherwise have been delayed and unaxcertained until each treaty was ratified by the Senate and the necessary legislation enacted by Congress. Experience has shown that some treaties looking to reciprocal trade have failed to secure a two-thirds vote in the Senate for ratification, and others having passed that stage huve for years awaited the concurrence of the House and Senate in such modifications of our revenue laws as were — neces- sary to give effect to their provisions. We now have the concurrence of both houses in ad- vance in a distinct and definite offer of free entry to our ports of specific articles. The Executive is not reqnired to deal in conjecture ax to what Congress will accept. Indeed, this reciprocity provision is more than an offer. Our part of the bargain is complete; delivery been made, and when the countries from which we receive sugar, coffee, tea and hides, have placed on their free liste such of our pro- ducts as shall be agreed upon, as an equivalent for our concession, n proclamation of that fact completes the transaction, and in the meantime Qur own people have free sugar, tea, coffee and ides, ‘The indications thus far given are very hop +- of early and favorabl> uction by the coun- tries from which wo receive our large imports of coffee and sugar, and it is confidently be- Heved thatif steam communeation with these countries can be promptly improved and en- larged the next yeur will show a most £ ing increase in ont exports of brendstuffs and provisions, as well as of some important lines of manufactured goods. In addition to the important bills that be- came Jaws before the adjournment of the last session, some other bills of the highest im- portance were well advanced toward a final Toteand now stand upon the calendars of ‘the two Houses in favored positions. The present seasion haa fixed limit, and if these measures are not now brought toa final vote all the work that has been done upon them by this Congress is lost. The proper consideration of these, of an ‘spportionment bill, and of the an- nual appropriation bills will require not only that no working day of the session shall be lost, but that measures of minor and local in- terest shall not be allowed to interrup: or re- tard the progress of those that are of universal interest. In view of these conditions, I re- frain from bringing before you at this time some suggestions that would otherwise be made, and most earnestly invoke your atten- tion to the Auty of perfecting the important legislation now well advanced. To some of these measures which seem to me most im- portant I now brieily call your attention. MALL SUBSIDIZS FOR STEAMBEIPS. I desire to repcat with added urgency the recommendations contained in my last annual message in relation to the development of American steamship lines. The reciprocity clause of the tariff bill will be largely limited and its benefits retarded and diminished if pro- vision is not contemporaneously made to en- courage the establishment of first-class steam communication between our ports and the ports of such nations as may meet our over- res for enlarged commercial exchanges. ‘The steamshi i , carrying the mails statedly and frequently, and offering to parsengers a com- fortal \d speedy transit, is the first condition of forcigh trade. It cirrica the or der or the buyer, but not all that is ordered or bought. It gives to the smiling vessels such cargoes as are not urgent oF perishable, and, indirectly at least, promotes that important ad- junct of commerce. There is now both in this country and in the nations of Central and South America a state of expectation and con- fidence as to increased trade that will give a double value to your prompt action upon this uestion. WThe present situation of onr mail communi- cation with Australia illustrates the importance of early action by Congress. The Oceanic Steamship vs maintains a line of steamers between Francisco, Sidney, and Auckland, consisting of three vessels, two of which are of United States registry and one of foreign registry. |For the service done this in carrying the mails we pay ann 0 sum of £46,000; being, as evtiznaied, the fall scx and United States inland postage, which is the Himit fixed by law. ‘The colonies of New South Wales and New Zealand have been paying an- nually to these lines £37,000 for the have stat it fc Of the sentauhtp line tha’ brings. thir tus only £46,000, leaving an annual sarplus re- from this service of $29,000. i i : iH fe : I northwest will feel the advantage of trunk fines to the south as well as to the east, and of the new markets opened for their food products and for many of their manufactured INTERNATIONAL AMERICAN RANE. T had occasion in May last to transmit to Congress a report adopted by the International American Conference upon the subject of the tion of an international American ieee ny Reig tee changes n the States re . Such an institution would greatly Promote the trade we are seeking’ to develop. Tenew the recommendation that a careful and al ‘ded charter be granted. I do not think the powers granted should include those ordinarily exercised by trust, guaranty, and tafe-deposit companies, or that more branches in the United States should be authorized than are strictly necessary to accomplish the object primarily in view, namely, convenient foreign exchay It is quite important that prompt action should be taken in this matter, in order that any appropriations for better communi- cation with these countries, and any agreements that may be made for reciprocal trade, may not be ‘hindered by the “inconvenience of making exchanges thro juropean money enters, or bui by the tribute which ie ani ¢ of that method of business. ‘The bill for the relief of the Supreme Court after many years of discussion, reached a ition where final action is easily’ attainable, and it is hoped that any differences of opinion may be so harmonized as to save the eesential features of this tory. im t measure. In this connection I earnestly renew my recom- mendation that the salaries of the judges of the United States district courts be #0 readjusted that none of them shall receive less than ¥5,000 per annum. SPANISH AND MEXICAN LAND GRAXTS. ‘The subject of the unadjusted Spanish and Mexican land grants and the urgent necessity for providing some commission or tribunal for the trial of questions of title growing out of them Wore twice brought by me to the atten- tion of Congress at the last session. Bills have een reported from the proper committces in both Houses upon the subject, and I very ear- nestly hope that this ‘will put an end to the delay which has attended the settlement of the disputes as to title between tho sattlors \d the claimants under these grants. These disputes retard the prosperity and disturb the of large and important communities. The governo® of ‘New Mexico, in his last re. port to the Secretary of the Interior, snggests Some modifications of the provisions of the ending bills relating to the small. holdings of farm lands. I commend to your attention : the suggestions of the Seerotary of the Interior upon subject. A NATIONAL BANKRUPT LAW. The enactment of national bankrupt law I still regard as very desirable. The Constitution having given to Congress jurisdiction of this subject, it should be exercised, and_ uniform rules provided for the administration of the affairs of insolvent debtors. The inconveniences resulting from the occasional and temporary ise of this power by Congress, and from the conflicting state codes of insolvency which come into force intermediately, should be moved by the enactment of a simple, inex- naive and permanent national bankrupt law. I niso renew my recommendation in favor of legislation affording just copyright protection to foreign authors, on a footing of reciprocal advantage for our authors abroad. TO PREVENT RAILWAY DISASTERS. It may still be possible for this Congress to inaugurate, by suitable legislation, a movement looking to uniformity and increased safety in the use of couplers and brakes upon freight trains engaged in interstate commerce. ‘The chief difficulty in the way is to secure agree- ment as to the best appliances, simplic effectiveness, and cost being considered. ‘This dificulty will only yield to legislation, which should be based upon full inquiry and impartial tests. The purpose should be to secure the peration of all well-dispoxed managers and ra, but the fearful fact that every year's delay involves the sacrifice of two thousand lives and the maiming of twenty thousand young men should plead both with Congress and the managers against any needless delay. IRRIGATION. The subject of the conservation and equal distribution of the water supply of the arid regions has had much attention from Congress, but has not as yet been put upon a permanent and satisfactory basis. The urgency of the subject does not grow out of any demand for the use of these lands for agricul- ture, but out of the danger tha: the water sup- | } ply and.the sites for the neeossary catch basins may fall into the hands of individuals or private corporations and be used to render subservient the large areas dependen: mn such supply. The owner of the water is owner of the lands, however the titles may run. All unap- propriated natural water sources and all neces- sary reyervoir sites should be held by the gov- ernment for the equal nse, at fair rates, of the homestead settlers who will eventually take up these lands. The United States should not, in my opinion, undertake ‘con- struction of dams of canals, but should limit its work to suchsurveys and observations as will determine the water supply, both sur- face and subterranean, the areas ‘capable of irrigation and the location and storage capacity of reservoirs. ‘This done the use of the water and of the reservoir sites might be granted to the respective states or territories or to indi- viduals or associations upon the condition that the necessary works should be constructed and the water furnished at fair rates, without dis- crimination, the rates to be subject to super- vision by the legislatures or by boards of water commissioners duly constitnted. ‘The essential thing to be secured is the common and equal use at fair rates of the accumulated water sap ply. It were almost better that these lands should remain arid than tha: thoze who occupy cht. them should become the slaves of unrestrained | A monopolies controlling the one essential ele- ment of land values and crop results. POSTAL TELEGRAPHY. The use of the telegraph by the Post Office Department asa means for the rapid transmis- sion of written communications is, I believe, upon proper terms quite desirable.’ ‘The Gov- ernment doos not own or operate the railronds, and it should not, I think, own or operate telegraph lines. ‘It does, however, seem to be quite practicable for the Government to con- tract with the telegraph companies, as it does | dress Kt with the railroad companies, to carry at speci- | 5 fied rates such communications as the senders may designate for this method of transmission. Lrecommend that such legislation be enacted ‘as will enable the Post Office Department fairly to test by experiment the advantages of such a use of the telegraph. “FREE AND HONEST ELECTIONS.” If any intelligent and loyal company of American citizens were required to catalogue the essential human conditions of national life Ido not doubt that with absolute unanim- ity they would begin with “free and honest elections.” And it is gratifying to know that erally there isa growing ‘and non-partiaan dem for better election laws. But against is sign of hope and progress must be set the depressing and undeniable fact that election law and “methods are sometimes cunningly contrived to secure minority control, while violence completes the shortcomings of fraud. In my last annual message I suggested that the development of the existing law providing a Federal supervision of Congressional elec tious offered an_affective method of reforming these abuses. ‘The need of such a law has man- ifented itself in many parts of the country, its wholesome restraint and ties ci tition Frection s state to of s certain number of citizens, of rt and made it their duty to registration of voters conducted “io peceteally tee é He # F ith i kK 1 g te i i hi if if re- | to ge prevent | sch WANTED—HELP. WANTED _SITUATIC FOR RENT_ROOMS._ / ANTED—POR GENSHAL HOUSEWORK IN A WASTERSITUATION AS BAKKE RENT VHREE. NIC aially-abeat whitegitl: Bring teferetece oven years’ experience cily trade. 1 tarnished Appiy 1603 8 nw, Be | office. laa {rent very reanonanie. Apply Ai Pave: WASTED A YOUNG GIRL QUICK AT FIGURES | \\"ANTED-BY PASHIONADEE DRESSMaKei, | “'~ ee ‘and writing would like a place in store or con- work by se eck, with tauullice of dress: | POL RENT FURNISHED, DOURLE Sectionery a5 c ‘Address | maker. even een spactalty : ferenne fs best Foo mittine two hill roo ome MENT, Star! Address 1 . Te | lance room flour. also to & goo! caterer > Waxrep nee 5 Tom and kitchen. SOL ih ot ne a —First-c! KENT TWO UNFURNIEBED BROOND- aust ne ate for Tight ho: onier. G. W. WI water bay inet Wanton, TWO OR TRREE RANDSOMEL a T ) OR TARE ; Jers, coachinen, belli a x et, i ‘ of families and hotels. “DIC WASTED WOMEN SO0KS $10 70 975 CHAM bermaiats, nurses an in ‘sm city or away; walters, drivers or farm hur S:coldred sem cooks. SAME A COOMA Pat J ANTED—A GOOD WHITE Ww ‘also & colored woman tocook, ._ Waitre mitt Rilerate fee, wee ‘Ad. ° feet, ott AML A. E X_ COLORED ‘Work for s ‘nual fam 2 TANTED WAITER AT MAI HOTEL; Wie bring recomimendat wees NTZD—TWO P . cook and chant ences. Apply at 1% day. fy ABtED ay oe On estore tor 30 nt fe Apply 2000 Q'si., Gaonetown, DC WASTED aN activ fourteen to sixteen reference Tetra "AD T WHITE GIRIS, Waitress: vood pefer= ot trom 3 to a jim. Tuer NURSE, WHITE erence . 1-8 \oftie was S00KS, MBERMAL! aitresses, boys and wen for ail bs cations for government and rallroad eunpoy nishet, CHPY INTELLIGENCE OFFICE OSE ww. as nurse for sunall or crown children table private funtiy. Inquire 2b Hani iste. nw EXPERIENCED WASHER- to dat home, good references ca y 1 city referenc ‘Calor address 141 )- SETTLED WOMAN urse, eh irr the confection golleeting, Apply. with reerene, WéaNTED—A WOMAN FOR GEN ‘Work; no washing or ironing: and come well recounmended. AP) ANTED—TWO FIRST-CLASS WHITE Gi large closets open cayaw the dot” ~ roots. eer DOR RENT—1319 20D STN anturmiabed roous, tind floor, heat ‘abd ate tami.) . peteren me Fok Best sie son mature, ~iTa ah =iw, JOR RENT-@i2_WASBACHUSETTS AV Fister, sunny. plenum anh one tor Bi Te vusekee "Ss oar a ee SOR RENT_SUITE HANDSOMELY Foguys and sth ‘ ine De W WANTED SITUATION BY A FRI a first-class Frenen cook in private fi ne es chambermaid and ne as waitress me Auldress Box 0, Star o ipis, With good city recommendation st reterences. ANTED—A GOOD, RELIABLE WHIT sor cookins end general honyework (no was! minst stay nichts; wood home and wood Waren, Shoes reqoured, “German irl preterred. st. n.w. MY “earl, a situation as ot Sly: can furminh first-class dress 1028 Vermont ave. WAxtD- BY ARE: PECTABLE W situation as chambenuatd and wattress, care of children; reference. Address Box If NTED-BY A YOUNG COLORED Sittation in a first-class private family. roughly experienced Louse lan, best of i BB se. 1 = | for’ SICELY FURNISHED oF, with board, tos married nd 1th, Corcoran st. Price, office. ie RENT —WilH BOAKD frout, second fox i A LIGHT, SUNNT 0 ~ nf. toe lady tn office, 4th and toth, Ce . jorts, Address : A “gould ent parlor dour. with bath on stor fot SW, Star omer, OS 7 ANTED—A GIRL TO COOK, asmail fanily. Apply at JANTED —WHITE GIRL, WELL RECOM: n soul washer and ironer or yeneral d. Call 1105 16th at, OMPFTENT COOK, HAS TO AS- V A) hon W ASIED-BY A GOOD AND RAPID PENMAN Ras conyist, tookkeeper OF general clerk ‘k. Only those ‘with best city | AL star office. rv aSLEh et. w.w..tebwes TA COLOKED MAN, SITUATION 8 comrhian failys goon PERI- nt ERAL THOROUGHLY EX: in our different depart 6 we a ranks, valeta For houseiets Lostlers, bith n wills fore mer-iamt oft om and best fa salary. to 1 am. THU TANTED-By AN ENG ation as use ‘woman. ANTED-AN SITVATION FORD FIRE Wines’ ATION FOR § FIRNT-CLAS i ok private family preferred. a 10 ote Tate ne a 3 TATION AS LADY'S MAID AND ber work. Apnly PRESENT E > . Must un: 14th st. now.at™ W* carn & p.m, Sid Now . V DA YOUNG MW ho understands 8 star offic W 5D QOPORED MONS. 4G | WANTED GENT Wi A at ‘Wash and iron ina private fayuily. ons Years’ experi bankine as teller and book: ‘ace keeper ima Vireinia bank and with satisfactory indorse ment Proment eniploye ‘anpieyment RL THOROUG to locate ‘in ‘this cit fice. ma? rienced in dress trinuuinis; none other ‘andl ‘jon. 8. -D—BY A LADY WHO IS THOROUGHLY mupeten'. & position in @ first-class establisi: pent aa cttter and iter oF take charge of work room: ws elecant taste in desivning aml trimuatng. Ad ALESH MODISTE, Star olive. % TED BY A SETTLED WOMAN, on as chambermaid of seanustress ; erences. Address A.Z., Star office. $1,000 IN AN te 8 No. 1 staid one, with equucat business preferred a | tor hot Bist wt FO RENT THE OWNER AND o0ctP: roan whe oa denies an, 8, Suite of two second asnertly furnished, ia maborany. irk. D. WEB, OLN ene SOR RENT — 23 3 » LARGE NICEL! maior em wilte ‘NFURNISHED ROOMS cor, with as, beet and bath ; suitable hight hous s Private 5 ght housekeeping ; Private family. 44 SHED SROOND- for uousekeepitue. com: oof cam. SO indians Yeuient to three lite Ree Fos RENT—T0 AGEN" Front nena, heeiea etre a ‘Can be seen by calling at 1700 1 Fe RENT $17 15TH ST. horelmin, 2d-Hoor root, single arate hres, bath, reference, F GREET LARGE SUNNY Room floors, well furnished, in new brick ; Proveuwents, pleasant surroundings. and $10 per month , board if demred. ae Fok EFXT_4 SUITE OF FURNISHED ROOMS, second floor front, private bath, @1%.inciading sa and heat. Also three unfurnished roows | pri unceinss O10; reterences exchanged, © FOR REST. PORTABLY FURNISHED second story 6a frunt room. two, aaa 650 per month. 6 Gt. aw. Fo! 27s Wer Reo STE Fouitan Cian "Also Tome on Jot ead $8 dere S6 Teh st.» with teen, me “rae RENT —H. FURNISHED ROOMS with board wliere « fom refined persons conlores ofabome: relerenmee extuanged. bits Lath, : ne WANTED- ED—COOKS, 8, BU’ USE- ‘a Louse we pout $4,000; ED COOKS, MAIDS, BUTLERS, HOUSE. | yatta tou, worth abut $4,000; high tral watt gen . woul + ‘unessee unt Philadelphia, (Hazrace room. juitable for a builder. Address trunks stored.) meee Ted ir est Wau ty Rast clase hale SURNAM. 11106 st... ANTED_ FIVE FIRST-CLAi cTMAK | Wie perty in Wasttington. Dc. saat te FIVE FIRST-CLASS COATMAKERS: rani pert i vington. D.C + ‘mast te ; . 5 well ret Will! pay trom #2U,000 to €50,000.. B. the best only need appiy. MEKTZ & ¢ He War bay trom 20,00 oP FKOM DECEMBER 7 TO APRIL 1, & a house of aout nwo is MAKE #50 FER AULKNER -i VASSE of. required. Ww. WANTED SE FROM alo ote in Wastinton an aul3 V teen years of ave, who is quic figures; atlary 80 per’ Week oe Re and accurate iress P.O. BOX 5 ——_—_—— WANTED— MISCELLANEOUS. W. AN TED—€10,000 NTKALLY LOCATED Wess oy business property near F st. mw. worth $2,000 buat t Ascii Y terest, Address ‘state lowest” int i, Star office, Wie ND-HAND BAR- sffice. n1-liu* CASH VALUE PAID | es, lance and Were a ANTED-FOR A CLIENY TANTED—TWO OFFI YS FROM SIXTE ty) ee SE, \ one, Who are proticient tu using leet ia Tie Co. Satatrac AY hicy ipcton, typewriter: wager 81 perday. Addrem ta unl Oy 5 i D BUGGY OR BICYCLE W cance for jos. Here i chatre for some It yoy mean business ‘apy! = wt. ue tole Pat” ED—A ¢ ETENT GIRL WITH GOOD -D_ PACKAGES TO Ci ‘¥PART soe <i ROE bos the city for 10 vents UD, Wee family. Apply a ISON ste abe Baghmen express, 421 Oth a. Postal an’ wail WXTED | NHITE GIRL oR COOK AND To ‘Wash and iron in family of three; beat city refer- guee required. Apply between Sand 7 O'clock at Ise Sedterscu place. ie als a ae” JOR RENT—FURNISHED ROOMS—O17 13TH ST, Sas es SOR RENT_itt) F ST. N.W. )PURNISHED Frou us, Suites, suitable fura member, table bard. “wx iint Fok RENT1903 EST. NOW A SUITE OFS tached: furniabed of unfurnished, all oder e- Yenienes, board if desired. Private faiully. mao" {OK RENT — LARGI FSisned wtite of hoon” bay hace and open grate. new bouse with all the improvements.” 22 Met. n.w JOR RENTS H ST.. AN Fntined trout tn southrs FOR RENT _TWo LARGE UNFURNISHED munica oR KENT—4 HANDSOME SUITE OF PARLORS; three roous on first floor, open fires: all in fret: moderate. “Call at J Grant ys StS. ° ~ ‘and private Lath, heat ‘all prameige primed ors, joor, cetitral location class order , terms 2. FOr, RENT— FURNISHED — SOUTH PHONT Toon ; beat. eas: fend bath @, other roome part nfurniatied riod. tune: hoard if deine tera Keeying gilowed, near bounion office. “a0 hat F 22 RENT BRIGHT, SUNNY ROOM, WELL furnished, with lange cloget ou third floor; ‘near Ar- Lngton Hotel ,herdice pase door Sith wt 20K DELIGHTFUL FRO! ROOM, tronting on New York ave. ; 2d pro eeneinen, Sleetri cate, pice fortwo, Sib. gen JOR KENT_ 1011 CONNECTICUT AVE., HAND- F e furnished, single or ‘en suite, Tm FOREST 7 ORSIRMED BOOM SOOTH FRONT: may window : well furnished ; open Bre; vat family: toa ceutleman #10 per mouth sreferentes Sah Sees se oi RENT -A YOUNG MAN OF GOOD HABITS desires a root inate tor 4th floor fromt lucia sum 1005 each ee i ad su furnished ball rooms on 2d floor. #11 G #. FOR RENT 2000 FST Nw. Two vunicating = ares ied coms oom; frout and. beck W: ood | WW ANTED-IT KNOWN WE RECEIVED TODAT | will rent one-or both moma p mae Pb Nemuavoial Beneat | WV au avotioof clear Havana Key Wewt cra. which | -orn Society. Dt, 200 Pa. ave. se, | Ho cousider Sper than eny brow A : or x : NTED-CIRO & | FF 5 20H RENT_AT 1121 12TH ST.N.W., FURNISHED : Jom oF no Pay Aequired Turneces and latrobes = - ; Ss weed. MALENA COMPANY, War | inate to beat or Bs pay. ANTE, 1413 tthe | F“fumbed roomn See oe era ke on new. n20-tr_| floors. convenien: to two lines uf cary, terse pease WANTED A FEW MORE, ORDERS FOR FINE able: absolutely clean bouse. phot onraD =, $2 per dozen; two pout 7T EVERY sini WIRDSE Aisee sig ores va os | F quote eae foc Sed hoa aa = ————— | month. LARDN: Photo., 419 ¥th st. nw. Please call at 211 D st. nw. aaa” Wir amas SECn, Sarr oe | aoe 7) NRT mo. if wultabie, rinities for advance, 10 represent galt rite ible Ne w BONMELES 4° Poe yrncs, MANUFACTURER, Le » Lith and G ste. n. Eker mes a W£4NTEDOGD GOLD AND SILVER FOR Casi WSTEDOIEN AND WOMEN OF ABILITY IN WILLIAM FRIEDERICH, 005 7th 68. oppomts ‘every city, town and as azeats fOr | patent office, base:nent store. Manufacturer of society the Ladies’ Hoine Journal.” We went the best ovsin: | badges end tuedaia. Pine clock cal seuseke 4 able class of nevats, sae (9 such unusual tera wil bw | Entaiaved 167 ea mest p tor | er = = Ee, (cuypaL i the handsorest periodical f ‘ANTED—100,000 BOTTLES OF ALL KINDS: Tuillion subscribers.” Tt wilt be act the W eral prices paid. ‘Bend postal 40M. LOLLY & autumn and winter on a larger scale than ever Let FEE TA arin. 'ANTED — HORSES TO WINTER: Mosieeg arama » Sligo, 025-3! Tene EATS PUBLISING Con, Pubsdcyaie YANTED-LEARNERS FOR PROF. CHRIST- W ‘ev’ international swith any inch = wit — LAD) “ORANGE BLOSSOM rile or tape justaure alone, ts all afeniidc tailore cut, Uae eee: Siven by Mime. 140 Ee Lave. ets’ | Semanal Avent 250 Boe Sows “* 01 s me ANTED—PASTURE AT GEN. iy y+ 3 WANTED—ROOMS. : 4 (TED — BY TWO tT A CHRERYUL | tines. Bae Naa aes 2 ee Stentea rewired: Aukdceas Gg Hear oflea. A136 NIED—DESK KOO} qBEAE, ON BST: ‘Aeon Bevan Toth ate Boeaet Caste A eu erate, Address E,W. nw. Pate eR MS er aes ANTED — BY SINC GENTLEMAN, A pone” Scena sae mine hot | VW naorctag corks ONE | FHONT ON BATED-BY TWO ADULTS. TWO BECOND- ; terms must be wo0d- eee