Evening Star Newspaper, August 16, 1890, Page 11

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, ANTE-BELLUM DAYS. Reminiscences of Two Notable Dem- ocratic Administrations, —_—_——.——— POLITICS BEFORE THE WAR. nes Pierce’s Peaceful Term and Buchan- e ial and Stormy One—The Latter’s Breach with Forney and Alienation of the ork Herald. ——__. ENERAL FRANKLIN PIERCE en- tered the Executive Mansion under the shadow of @ great domestic affiiction. fhe death of his only son, who was willed on! month before his inaugu- ration, suspended all preparations for the usual festivities. Despite their defeat the resident whigs, who kept aloof from any contemplated display, sympathized sincerely with the af- fiicted President. Mr. Pierce's cabinet will compare fayorably with any of those which preceded it—Mr. Marcy, Secretary of State; James Guthrie, Becretary of the Treasury; Jefferson Davis, Becretary of War; James 0. Dobbin, Secretary of the Navy; Robt. McClelland, Secretary of the Interior; James Campbell, Postmaster General, aud Caleb Cushing, Attorney General. James Campbell, who was subsequently on the supreme bench of kis state, Pennsylvania, yet survives. There was a change made in the ad- ministration organ and Father Ritchie was in- stalled as editor of the Union and the Globe be- came, under the management of Mr. John C. Rives, the Congressional Globe. Roger A. Pryor was on the editorial staff of the Union and wrote a very able article on Russia, speaking of that empire as the natural enemy of America, The article created a sensation and the Russian minister compiained of it to the Department of State as being unfriendly, and Mr. Pryor was sent as minister to Greece. Col. Forney became one of the editors of the Union, resign- ing from that position to aid in securing the Bomination of Mr. Buchanan. THE KOSTA AFFAIR. One of the acts of Mr. Pierce’s administra- tion fixed the status of American naturalized citizens abroad. An American, Kosta, was ar- rested at Smyrna and taken to Trieste in irons as a deserter from the uslitary service of his native country, Austria. The appeal of Kosta tothe American consul at Smyrna and his naturalization papers were disregarded by the Austrian authorities and Kosta was removed to Trieste tor incarceration. Capt. Ingraham, in command of the United States ship on that station, sailed for Trieste and entering the harbor demanded the release of this natural- ized American, which the authorities refused. Capt. Ingrabam placed his ship with loaded guns broadside with the town and gave them some three hours to deliver the prisoner. Fail- ing to doo within that time he announced that he would bombard the town. Before the expiration of the time Kosta was on his way back to Smyrna to be delivered up to the American consul. After some delay Kosta was brought back to this country by Capt. In- bit a. The Austrian minister, Mr. Hulseman. ad- dressed a lengthy letter to the Department of State, to which Mr. Marcy replied, defining the status of American citizens abroad. He sustained Capt. Ingraham and maintain d the right of our country to protect her citizens, Bative or adopted, in such terms as silenced the Austrian minister, who returned to Austria and the subject was heard of no more. WILLIAM M. TWEED'S VOTE FOR THE WASHING- TON AQUEDUCT. Under this administation the work on the aqueduct to bring into the city the water of the Potomac was got fairly under headway, and, by the by, @ remarkable incident connected with the vote in the House of Representatives on the passage of the sppropriation bill was that the vote of Wm. M. ‘weed, then a member of Congress, was given at a very critical period and was one of those which carried the bill. Mr. Tweed had left the House, but was brought back by the late Harry Winter, Dick Wallach and others, who were watching the bill. On that’ matchless (to this day, I believe) piece of masonry, the Cabin John Bridge, the Bames of the officers of the government were eut in the granite tablet. During the war of the rebellion the name of Jefferson Davis, as Secretary of War, was erased, and Mr. Stanton was regarded as the official who had caused it, Arecent statement made by Gen. Meigs fixes the responsibility for the act upon Caleb B. Bimith, then Secretary of the Interior, who or- dered itto be done. Mr. Davis took a most @arnest interest iu that great work—the Wash- ington Aqueduct. The erasure of his name was regarded by the country as an act of van- dalism. PIERCE’S FAREWELL RECEPTION. The last social act of Mr. Pierce. about the time he was leaving the White House, wasa reception he gave to the citizens of Washing- ton. when the east room was thronged; the peo- ae of the citycame en masse to “good iy **s He was tendered an escort to Baltimore by thousands, which he declined, and no Pres- ident ever left behind him in Washington more sincere and devoted friends. I heard a little incident a few days ago which illustrat the relati isting between Mr. Pierce aud our citizels. Maj. Wm. R. Snow, who cam with the President to Washington and re- mained with him during his term as major domo, tells of a favorite cow to which the President gave the freedom of the grounds against the protest of the gardener, and when the family wero preparing to leave home Maj. Snow told the President that Clem. Hill wanted to buy the cow and asked what he shouid sell her for: “Oh! give her to Clem. if he wants her, with my compliments.” None of those mentioned who added to our city so much which has gone toward its em- belishment and greatuess remain. Gen. Meigs. I believe, and Judge James Campbell are the only survivors of those whose names are in- scribed on “Cabin John’s Bridge.” BUCHANAN'S INDEBTEDNESS TO FORNEY. Mr. Buchanan returned from bis mission to England, as prearranged, to take part or by his presence encourage those friends whose labors secured his nomination andelection. Of all those friends to noue of them was he so deeply indebted as to the late Col. John W. Forney. I was present with the late Marshal Jonah Hoover when Col. Forney announced to M Pierce his resignation from the Union, i beard the regret expressed by both at the sev- erance of the close relations existing between them. I witnessed. too, the almost supe human efforts of Forney to secure first the Bomination and then the election of Mr. Bu- ebanan. When the whig party became a part and parcel of the “know nothing” party many jeading whigs throughout the country refused te follow it ite such companionship,and at the conventiou which nominated Mr. Buchanan at Cincinnati the Hon. Josiah Randall and hs sou, the late Samuel J. Randall, were on the floor with the Hon. Joseph K. Chandler and other distinguished whigs. Their appearance snd the call of their names on the roil of del- egates was greeted most cuthusiasticaily. Hun- dreds of the most earnest whigs supported Mr. Buchanan. The blight of that companionshi| killed the great old party. eae Ispenta good deal of my time during the ¢ampaign with Col. Forney in Philadelphia and I witnessed those efforts of his which made Mr. Buchanan President. The American organiza- tuon soon gav 8 Of divintegration, and es they were on e of closing up their head- quarters Col. Forney secured them the means they lacked to keep the ticket in the field aud Shus defeated Fremont. The American ticket ut of the field and Fremont would have car- tieg Peunsylvania. FORNEY'S DISAPPOINTMENT AND HIS REVENGE. Such devotion and such service as Col. For- Bey rendered Mr. Buchanan caused his name to be accepted generally as one of the cabinet, and the office of Postmaster General was by the public believed to be the office he would Feceive im the organigation of the cabinet, Mr. Buchanan having tendered it to him. Before the inauguration, however, there were vague Tumors that the south objected to Forney, and jast it became known that Mr. Buchanan had asked Forney to name some other than a cabi- Bet appointment he would accept. Forney was inexorable. The post office and nothing but the t office he demanded, and refused to release te President from his tender of it. The Presi- dent tried in every way to appease Forney, bat the breach widened daily. ] was present when Cornelius Wendell, then one of the owners of the Union, offered Forney the consulate to Liverpool and €10,000 a year as corr: ndeat ef the Union, tendering bim a check forse year's salary in advance. Nothing would move him, and Mr. Bucheuan, obeying tne be- bests of Slidell, Howell Cobb threw Forney overboard. Forney was made clerk of the House of Ly a Feseutatives the follo session, and, on Bight of his election, vered from the bal- eony of Sees ag ed ed no my guest) to a Yast crowd, which come to congratulste bus celevrated Masseppe apeech, pro- claiming war against Buchanan in those famed words of Byron. “And if we do but watch the hour, There never yet was human power Which could evade, if unforgiven, The patient searce, the vigil long Of him who treasures up « wrong,” Never were these words and the significance of them more truly realized. When Forney needed the means to establish the Press he either a fm = lore rome og! mort- 1d it—I et which—but when pn was concluded Mr. Buchanan. Saree tect Mrs. Forney in the Rome aud the money would'be wasted or lost transaction an ies of Mr. said he was actuated by the fear of sttacks on him through such a ‘ore than for the welfare of his fam- BUCHANAN AND BENNETT. A gentleman now a resident of Washington tells me he accompanied Mr. Bennett to Europe while Mr. Buchanan was minister to the Court of St. James, and the first visit they paid on reaching London was to the American minis- ter. The Herald had not been very friendly to Mr. Buchanan, but the cause of quarrel been reconciled and Mr. Bennett was disposed to give hima hearty support. He spent an hour with Mr. Buchanan, while this friend waited for him. On leaving the legation Mr. Bennett was silent and immersed in thought, and they had nearly reached their hotel when his friend said: “You don't seem to be pleased with your visit.” “No,” said Mr. Bennett, “he has been lying to me—telling me he did not ex- pect the nomination would not under any circumstances accept it if it was tendered him, when I know he and his friends have been la- boring for it for years. I will take him at bis word, giving up my trip to give him my atten- tion during this campaign.” After a few days spent in Paris Mr. Bennett returned to New York, relinquishing trip to St. Petersburg, Constantinople and the east, and the columns of the Heraid testify to the result of this visit. FULL OF TROUBLE. The administration of Mr. Buchanan was full of trouble and closed with a dissevered Union. The element which fanned into the terrible flame of war the issues which created the bitter strife was in control of the administration. I am not writing its history, but, illustrating the bitter feeling existing here at the time, may mention that one of the cabinet withdrew from the family of a friend of Col. Forney the in- Vitation to a social reception. In 1866 the same cabinet minister returued to Washington and was indebted to this gentleman for the influence which secured him the reinstatement he sought. Mr. Buchanan's cabinet was a very able one— the last for many years of the democratic party, Gen. Cassin the Department of State and subsequently Judge Black; Howell Cobb, Philip Frauk Thomas and Gen. Dix, Secretaries of the Treasury; John B. Floyd, Secretary of War; Isnac Trucey, Secretary of the Navy: Jacob Lhompson, Secretary of the Interior; Aaron V. Brown and Joseph Yolt, Postmaster Generals, and Judge Black a@ E. M. Stanton, Attorney Generals. Mr. Buchanan estranged many friends by the suspicious nature which afflicted him. “Mr. Breckinridge, the Vice President, had no social or political relations with him. Soon after his inauguration Mr. Breckinridge calied on him, and on his second visit the President requested him, when he called in future, toask for Miss Lane. He never called again except when social etiquette required him to do so as Vice President. Mr. Buchanan was KEPT IN HOT WATER DURING HIS WHOLE TERM by the Kansas troubles, the slavery fight in the territories and, above all, the fearful war waged on him by Forney in the Press, which he es- tablished during Mr. Buchanan Then there was the New York political ble, which is a chronic affliction in all ad- | Tuinistrations and which Mr. Buchanan under- took to reconcile. Every year added to the troublee which made his administration an eventful but a stormy one. Mr. Buchanan had an idea, which affects all Presidents, by-the- ye, that he could be renominated, aud George Sanders, who was another thorn in the Presi- dent's side, sent from Charleston during the democratic convention of 1860 a long telegram to Mr. Buchanan, and, despite the beavy ex- pense—#26, I think—his curiosity overcame his love of lucre and he paid it and read a long telegram from George, which he had given to the Press, aud the next day the whole couutry wus enlightened by George Sanders’ opinion of the President, which was not very exalted. When Mr. Buchanan was mit of St James George Sander consul at London, and he kept the legation in @ constant state of explanation, The corsulate was the rendezvous of all the political fugitives of Europe. Louis Blanc and the other exiles were the intimate associates of the American consul, and the dispatch boys of the legation were loaded with the literary efforts of the red republicans. The end came at last of an ad- ministration which closed out from political power for many years the democratic party, which bad placed it in power. How responsi- ble the administration was for all the four years of war will be decided in the future pages of history. The democratic convention of 1864, which nominated Gen. McClellan, was held at Chicago the latter part of August. Gen. Bigler of Pennsylvania presided and Gov. Tilden was chairman of the committee on resolutions, LINCOLN’ RE-ELECTION, ‘The defeat of the democratic party was al- most a certainty, and yet it fought the campaign with great vigor and ability. Mr. Lincoln's election was almost a foregone conclusion. The war was still waging and the charge of disloy- alty was sung with all the charges, until to be a democrat was to proclaim yourself a disloyal citizen. Pendleton’s nomivation was said to be the weight which sunk the ticket, but it made little difference. Mr. Lincoln was to be re-clected. That was a necessity, and so when the nominations were made no politician ex- ected any other result. The brief reign of r. Lincoln after his second inauguration has become so important a chapter in the history of the country that I do not need to touch upon it in these articles. The martyred President grows yearly more heroic, and to the future his name and fame can be safely left. I did not know Mr. Lincoln. I only spoke to him once, when I called on him to inquire about his first inaugural, He wasa frieud of Messrs. Gales and Seaton in the old whig days, and that in- tercourse was renewed when he became Pri co dent. The National Intelligencer took the ground that there was no power to coerce a state, and argued that question with great lity, The ion, however, was settled by the war, an P only allude to it now, recalling Mr. Lincota's reply to Gen. Schenck. The general was in command at Baltimore, and he came over to see the Presideut one day, and in reply toa question about Baltimore, be said: “Mr Presin dent, it is almost useless for me to attempt to control or mold sentiments of loyalty while the National Intelligencer is allowed to be circulated there. Give me authority to stop the paper.” The President, slapping Gen. Schenck on the knee, said: “Schenck, you let those old gentle- they areas loyalasyouorl. Let I wish we had more papers like the Intelligencer in the counay.” Joun F. Cora. A Duchess’ Corsets. The duchess of Leuchtenberg, nee Skobeleff, is still starring it here, says London Truth, Wherever she appears her presence calls forth bum of admiration. She certainly has much of her late brother's radiance and his easy, elegant carriage. But why does she wear such tight corsages? They fit her as the parchment of a drumhead fits « drum, and so squeese the waist as to make it appear ready to snap, Have you ever remarked how preposterously Rus- sian ladies develop their busts and narrow-in their waists? Un ami maladroit; the Duc de X. the other day sont a wouderful basket of white lilacs, be- ribboned with hgbt bluish green, of an opal tint, to a countess whose name is a to the fore as an elegante and belle of the sea- " she asked before a — of bon for “Because,” he the basket?” color of your corset.” He at once sa take. So did the countess’ friends, The color of the corset now the other invisible garments. brains to discover new hues. quakerly neatness, should be the the corbeille de tinge. of washing and being clean, lyes show that there are in aren Gonaes sere THE SCHOOLMASTER. Having Finished His Census Work He Closes His School. METHOD OF EXAMINATION. ee Euteresting Facts as to How the Great Ferce gf Clerks im the Census Bureau ‘wae Selected—Prof. Blodgett Describes Some of the Detatis of the Work, ponirenaiee er mcneeny NE of the odd features of the de- cennial census in this country is the rapid ereation of a great bureau of ‘civil ployes. The large force of experts and clerks required to do this work are gathered together in the course of abouts year, and then a process of disia- tegration begins, which goes on with more or less rapidity until a solitary clerk is left to look after the records, At the pres- ent time the force of the Census Office has about reached its maximum. There are now nearly,5,000 employes, divided somewhat as fol- lows: 2,000 clerks in the offices in this city, 175 supervisors, 725 special agents to collect farm and home mortgage statistics, 1,100 special agents for the collection of statistics of manufactures and 600 special agents. Super- intendent Porter began the task of marshaling this great army more than # yearags. In June last the special work for which the office is created, namely, the enumeration of the ee lation of the country, was begun, and the results are now ‘nearly ail’ in the Census Office and the first count of the population is about completed. For the next three or four months the force of clerks will be employed in tabuiating the mass of facta secured and by early winter, about tho time the leaves begin to fall from the trees, lea for permanent vacation will also begin to fall in the Cen- sus Office. The rise and decline of this great bureau of the government is not the least interesting of the facts connected with the census, although it forms no part of the printed records, which remain as a mr morial that an immense work has been accom- plished. Already one of the divisions of the office has finished its work and the force of clerks has been transferred to the population division. Next to the superintendent, Prot. Blodgett is ter known to the clerks when they first come to the Censuy Office than any other official, for he isin charge of the examination division, and before him they are obliged to come and stand an examination aya test of their fitness for appointment. One of the early ques- tions that arose in connection with the orgauization of the office was as to the method of appointment. How should the Breat force of men and women be selected from the mass of citizens who are always ready and willing to serve their country, especially when there is a money consideration involved? NOT UNDER THE CIVIL SERVICE LAW. The census law left the manner of appoint- ment entirely to the discretion of the Secretary of the Interior, under whose care the office was placed. But the civil service commission- ers argued that this force of olerks ought to be appointed through them, and that in this way an fficient force would be secured. But, on the other hand, it was shown that the work of the Census Office must be done rapidly, and that the su- erintendent, as he had only a short time to bo the work, must have # certain latitutde in the power of appointment, not only to enable him to pick his clerks but to get them without delay. ‘Elasticity was the word that was used by Superintendent Porter in defining his idea of what the characteristic of a census force ought to be. The President agreed with this view, but the civil service idea was preserved to the extent of holding an examination appointment to the clerical po- The work of examination of candidates for appointment was started by Prof. Biodgett about a year ago d last December he began to hol daily examina- tions, whichhe has continued until recently, when the number of clerks required was reached. While the eleventh census has had & schoolmaster yet his —_ authority did not extend over the —_ entire force. For example, special agents and statistical experts were not required to appear before the schoolmaster and answer his ques- tions. Neither were clerks detailed to the Census Office from existing branches of the civil service who had already been polished in the civil service mill, nor applicants who had assed a satisfactory civil service examination. ‘mployes in the last census, whose records were 00d, also escaped Prof. Blodgett's clutches, so to speak, for if the truth is known the pro- fessor is one of the mildest-maunered of men and would prefer that every one should her than fail in examinatio: Ko imagine fora moment that Prof. Blod; delights in the number of slain that have fallen before his battery of questions would do him a grave injustice. However, that is neither here nor there. While out of the entire force employed un- der the Census Office more than one-half were exempted from the necessity of informing Prof. Blodgett as to the extent of the information they had stored away in their craniums, still a great y paid their respects to him before they could secure the coveted appointment. The provoking part of it oh'was the candidates for appointment found it nec 'y to secure the indorsement of Senators Representatives before they 0 could getachance to be tortured by Prof. Blodgett. So, after ail the examination in one sense was a privilege, the requirements were so exactly similar to those of the civil service commission, that people who believed in the old methods of appointment were somewhat disgusted. THE DOORS CLOSED. Now that the doors of the examination room in the Census Office are closed for good and no more applicants will be examined except per- hape afew who have been unable through sickness and other causes to stand the exam- ination for which they have an order, Prof. tt has an epportunity to look over his record and ‘ascertain the namber of the victors as as count the slain. He finds, ashe informed a Stan man the other day, that up to the first of the pres- ent month he has examined 1,968 persons. Of this number 1,450 passed and 518 failed, It, however, is fact, and a rather fact to the ns concerned, that all who passed did not get an appointment. Superintendent Porter estimates that of the number who successfully stood the test about 1,500 received appointments, The entire cleri- eal force now in the office is not quite 2,000, and the clerks not selected from the list of e: amined were those who came under the different classes of exempts as mentioned above, such as those employed in the old cen- sus, those who had passed a civil service ex- oe for — Positions, &c, Prof, jodget we ® Stak man an idea of the Sich he pursued in examining candi- dates, He said: “The orthography and penmanship were determined from the written work, without any —— exercise in spelling or in penmanship, the candidate had an exerciso in copying, an exercise in writing from dictation and a letter to write, each about one hundred and twenty words. it has been the aim to assign for letters subjects of which the applicants might fairl; be supposed to know enough to write intelli- gently, The residence claimed, however, has roved a poor guide in Judging what would be Foniliar topics, es] ly a8 multitudes have a legal residence in places which they never saw, THE IMPORTANCE OF ARITEMETIO, “The questions in arithmetic were in gen- eral of a form that occur; in the census work. They were intended to test the ability of the candidate to set down long columns and add aintul those them or to add ecross the ni set in parallel columns; Draneet wi the candidste had as ready knowledge of fractions and ec necessary in making comparisons between the facts of one census year and those of an- other, or between the separate be foo wi the candidate could compute averages and to determine whether a te compute the number to each tial im vital statistics. In geography and history and un- der the q care was cant po stress was = Upon @ least upon geogra) and and the general questions. The examination a a de- framed * with the intent subjects and reached the general av- erage of sixty-five per cent. Notwithstanding the eral uniformity ot the daily examina tions and the opportuni for learn: their character fron cane ho had 4 examined, the examinations have aided in distinguishing those who could solve every question in arithmetic sccurately from those who did not even add or subtract correctly; those who wrote neatly and correctly from those who wrote illegibly and used scores of wy ene words,” Superintendent Porter expresses himgelf as being entirely satisfied with the pian ted and says that it has resulted in securing au effi- cient corps of clerks. —————-¢@9____ NEW YORK NOTES. What ie Talked About by the People of the Metropolis, THE BICYCLIST AS A POWER ON THE ROADS—MANT CARAVANSARIES AND STILL MORE BUILDING— THE SHORT-LIVED STRIKE—MILE ADULTER- ATION. Special Correspondence of Tre Evgxtee Stam. The bicyclist is a good deal more of = mis- sionary than he gets credit for being, if he does occasionally run down the wayfarer who is walking one way and looking another or the frolicsome infant who sportively prances in front of him when it is just too late to stop the swiftwheel. Here in New York state, for in- stance, he has had much to do with the for- mation of the much needed State Roads Im- provement Association, which will eventually be of immense benefit to the entire state. Just around the city of New York the links in the chain of suburban towns and country residences are so olose that the roads areof necessity attended to, The gentleman amatour, with his wheel or his fast trotters, can be depended upon to look after his own inter- ests in the matter of smooth roads,but through- out the state generally matters are not so favor- able. A young business man of Syraduse, Mr. Charles Wood, made a long tour of inspection through the state to see why his farmer debtors were so backward about coming forward with their payments. To aman they gave the same excuse—the open winter had made the roads so bad they could not get about. The matter being thus pointedly brought home to Mr. Wood's business and bosom he stirred up the League of American Wheelmen, who were abetted by the Farmers’ Alliance, the state horse breeders, the agricultural societies and the New York Coaching Club. The State Roads Improvement Association is thus a powerful organization, thrice armed in having its quar- rei just and is going to accomplish great thinus. Perhaps before long our roads will rival the famous English highways, though had not, like them, the all-conquering Romans to teach us how to make them, and the bicyclist can bowl from Paul Smith's to the Battery as easily as his English brother can from John o’ Groats to Land’s End. NEW YORK’S ENDLESS HOTELS. New York seems to be absolutely insatiable in the matter of hotels—Broadway is lined with them, they are plentiful on 5th avenue and scattered pretty thickly over the rest of the city. And yet there are alwa lew new huge caravansarics building, and when they are finished there seem to be always people enough to fill them. The Astor's great hotel on 5th avenue will be a notable structure in the midst of the best resi- dences of that famous street, and not far away from _ it will be the immense ten-stor: editice of Holland House on the corner of 13th strect, which is planned to be the finest hotel building in the country. Nearly two millions wiil be spent on this great structure, which will be built of brick, stone and_ steel and be as fireproof as human devices can make it, besides having every beauty and comfort of interior furnishing, arrangement and decoration that modern luxurious taste can suggest, Here rich New York and ite visitors can have the care of liv- ing taken off their hands and be housed and fed ina fashion that would make Lucullus think he lived as meagerly as the thrifty tourist who does Europe on 50 cents a day. A SHORT-LIVED STRIKE. The strike on the New York Central reminds one forcibly of the epitaph on the infant's tombstone— Trwunder Whst Pas basun toc The strike was hardly well underway before it was ended. And, indeed, at no time was it very formidable, f profession, the engi: go into it, and new that grade are not far to seek. The failure of the strike is largely due to the fact that there was no real casus belli and consequently no pudtie sympathy with the strikers, The New (ork Central has latterly developed into that rare creature, @ corporation with asoul. Its employos have had steady work and fair pay and its managers, especially Cornelius Vander- bilt and President Depew, have spared neither thought nor money to do that was possible to help and benefit them. The roy oe have always been accessible. Depew himself says that all any employe who wants to speak with him has to do is to open his door and walk in. For men ho were treated with justice and generosity to ndeavor to cripple the road just at the busiest season of the year use some of their num- ber who were Knights of Labor had been dis- charged excited only disapproval, A FRIGHT IN MILK, Great is the ingenuity of the adulterator. We all know how he exerts himself to embitter everything we eat and drink, with the reflection that it is probably adulterated with some — ingredient, This summer he has roken out in a new spot and is mingling his Borgian draughts with our milk, which we have usually taken for granted was enriched with nothing stronger than water. Ice is, as we all know, this year among the expen- sive luxuries of the rich and great. ‘The weather, too, has basely played into the ice men’s hands, The milk man has therefore economized on ice by mingling with his milk certain poisonous chemicals which prevent its souring. He has been detected, it is true, but as it 1s manifestly impossible to test e: quart of milk used in New York wo are obliged to take the risk and survey our appar- ently innocuous bottles of milk with marked suspicion. THE GREAT OCEAN RACE, Yachting, for the moment at least, has gone out of popular favor, but interest is keen in the performances of those finest of all yachts, the splendid steamships of Atlantic commerce, ‘ne victory of the Teutonic over the City of Paris’ record, though only by the slender margin of thirteen minutes (seconds as yet not counted), gave the town almost as great a sensation as the Central strike. Most people swear by the Cit: of Paris, but that “‘grayhound,” though hold ing yet the record for a oars Lao fed run, must now prove once more her ti of queen of the ocean, That a ship ‘ich is able to be con- verted in a few days into an ‘unarmored cruiser” aon — 3,000 miles in sea conditions at an average speed of 20.175 knots, moderates our admiration for vessels of the Philadelphia and Baltimore type, We are now ae unched in the race for @ 53¢ day record. @ City of Paris is held to be Rigo oy gi a wi just done the trip hours and Vacs If these calculations are verified the Paris, at her best, can lower the hour line to sixteen. But weare now getting toa pace when hours means as much as quarter-seconds on the trotting track. HOW NEW YORE REGARDS THR SENATE. ‘Tho mercantile public of New York zealously spproves Senator Quay’s flank movement against the force bill, though some of them might prefer to have him use a different club than the tariff, It may be a relict of the'fore- face cringing to the south, fog There have been rumors that the two young missionaries, Gates of Limington end Warren J. Harris, son of Gen. B. F. Harris of Augusta, Hy i d f f i i i t i —— ee es ae ree D.C., SATURDAY, AUGUST 16, 1890-SIXTEEN PAGES 11 WHEN LIGHTS BURN LOW. Three Tales of Scenes With Ghostly = Visitors. THE POLITE APPARITION OF THE BREWER—wMIES MORRIS’ GHOST WAS HEAVY FOOTED — “rue CALM BUT EMOTIONAL BUTLER”—MR, MYERS’ AXD MB, PODMORE'S THEORIES. Just at present the English mind is deeply involved in considering the always absorbing subject of ghosts, From an article in the Lon- don Globe it appears that on@®pf the leading bands of individuals devoted to psychical re- search is exercised over an article, alleged to be true, contributed by Karl Dignowitki of Soblesion, He says: About a year ago there died in @ neighboring village a brewer ealled Wunscher, with whom I stood in friendly relations, His death ensued after short illness, and as I seldom had an opportunity of visiting him, 1 knew nothing of his illness nor of his death. On the day of his death I went to bed at 9, tired with the labors which my calling asa farmer demands of me. Here I must observe that my diet is of a fragal kind; beer and wine are rare things in my house. and water, as usual, had been my drink that | night Being of a very healthy coustitution I fell asleep as soon as I lay down. In my dream I heard the deceased call out with a loud voice, “Boy, make haste and give me my boots,” This awoke me, and I noticed | that, for the sake of our child, my wife had left the light burning. I pondered with pleas- ure over my dream, thinking in my mind how Wunsecher, who was a good-natured, humorous ™man, would laugh when I told him of this dream. Still thinking of it, I heard Wanscher's voice soolding outside, just under my window. Isat up in my bed at once and listened, but could not understand his words. What could the brewer want. I'thought, and I knew for certain that 1 much vexed with him that he should make a disturbance in the night, as I felt convinced that his affairs might surely have waited till the morrow. Suddenly he came into the room from behind the linen press, stepped with long strides past the bed of my wife and the child’s bed; wildly os with his arms all the time, as his abit was, he called out: “What do you say to this, Herr Oberamtmann? This afternoon at 5 o'clock I have died.” Startled by this informa- tion I exclaimed: ‘Oh, that not true!” He replied: ‘Truly, as I tell you; and what do you think? They want to bury me already, on Tuesday afternoon at 2 o'clock,” he replied, accentuating his assertions by gesticulations. During this long speech of my visitor I ex- amined myseif as to whether I was really awake and not dreaming. I asked myself: Is this a ballucination? my mind in full possession of its faculti Yes, there isthe light, there the jug, this is the mirror and this the brewer; aud I came to the conclusion I was awake. ‘Then the thought occurred to me, What will my wife think if she sees the brewer? In this fear of her waking up I turned round to her, and to my great re- | lief I saw from her face, which was turned to- ward me, that she was still asleep; but she looked very pale, I said to the brewer, “Herr Wunscher, we will speak softly, so that my wife May not wake up; it would be very disagree- able to her to find you here.” To which Wun- scher apswered in a lower and calmer tone, “Don't be afraid, I will do no harm to your wife.” Things do h mn for which we find no explanation—I thought to myself, and said to Wunscher: “If t) os true that you have iod, lam sincerely sorry for it. I will look {ter your children.” Wunscher stepped to- ward me, stretching out his arms and moving his lips as though he would embrace me; therefore I said in a threatening tone, and looking steadfastly at him with frowning brow: “Don’t come so near, it is disagreeable to me,” and I lifted my right arm to ward him off, but before my arm reached him the apparition had vanished, My first look was to my wife to see if she were still asleep. She was. I got up andlooked at my watch; it was 12:07. My wife woke up and asked me: “To whom did you speak so loud just now?” “Have you understood any- thing?” I said. “No,” she answered and went to slecp again, There is a split in the London Psychical Society, according to the Daily News, which says: One of the secretaries, Mr. Myers, holas one theory of our ghostly friends; another is put forward in the proceedings of the society yy the other secretary, Mr. Podmore, We think that Mr. Myers’ hypothesis is much the more gruesome and likely, but there does remain the third supposition that the people who see the ghosts are ‘‘awfu' leears.” Mr. Myers thinks that the ghosts are ‘‘dead men’s dreams,” which they impress on the minds of the living, somewhat as ideas are impressed by living hypnotizers on the minds of hypnotic patients, This at least is the way in which we ‘ry to understand Mr. Myers. Ghosts walk, indeed, but in their sleep. ‘This accounts for the fact, admitted by both disputants, that in the best authenticated stories the ghosts are wandering, aimless, objectiess, inconsequent souls, Their appearances are like the visions ofefeverish dream. Of course tho theory is not comfortable. Better have no future life at allthana future of vague delirium. But, as Mr. Myers very wisely remarks, we know little about it. Ghosts may not always be dreaming bad dreams; it may be only these dreams that manage to reach such of us as have “the smell for a ghost,” which is not asense common to the majority of mankind. It would be # great deal to prove that something goes on existing after death; to prove it svientifically, for faith is a differ- ent matter and rests on another basis. But Mr. Podmore is more sceptical. does not think that ghosts are dead men walking in their sleep, but that they are hallucina- tions ve by one living mind on an- other. Both scholars agree that one living mind can thus affect another; they think their evidence and experiments have demon- strated that. It is admitting a good deal; and if Mise K., believing that she has seen a house fall of ghosts, can by this belief make Mr. B, see them too, and that though she never saw Mr. B. and is at a distance from him, why, anything may happen. We do not know how to advise a lady to act who sees a good many ghosts, like a lady known to the society. ‘There is difficulty on all sides, As an example, we now tell briefly the stories, first of Miss Morris and next of ‘the calm but emotional butler.” Muss Morris took small house, we kno w not where, in October, 1882. On the first night of her tenancy # heavy-focted ghost stumped up and down the drawing room, but was invisible. In three weeks a pale woman in black made her appearance. Then the door bell rang in- cessantly and knooks were heard, but nobody could be found at the door. Miss Morris left the place and Mra G. took it in 1887. Mrs. G. heard a sweet voice thrice remark: “Oh, do forgive me!” The chil- dren saw a dreadful white face peep through the door. Mrs. G. explained this to the infant mind as a trick (ei by a magic lantern. But the little girl again saw ‘‘a little old woman,” and “often heard pitter-patter. Of course magic lanterns could not do that,” said the young philosopher. Mrs. G. have advanced a theory of rats, but the‘ \y thumps” in the house seemed = that agenoy. They learned that somebody had committed suicide in the house, but as a po- liceman reminded them, uncomfortable things have occurred in most houses, Lights and white skirts, where no skirts should be, anda man with freckles, and some one who cried, anda figure in black, white figure were frequent visitors. Peo bulldogs as good for ghosts, but Mrs. G. Po ferred the disease to the remedy. Finally, the house became untenable, and Mrs. G, departed. Two human faces at her elbow were more than she could endure. Then inquirers tried the house, and a clei orcised the ghosts, which seems to ‘them down” a good deal. Now, is it not gown, Y went into the cellar and insisted on for concealed none of whieh deen found up to date, stood tm the conter of the cellar and said it was there, but on digging we found nothing. She seemed to be droadfuily excited; she threw her arms in all directions on disappearing.” This butler ppeare to have had previous experiences, seemingly of a hallucinatory nature, for which he was unable to account,” but for which science may possibly discover a cause. ‘The odd thing is that a lady had died in the house some fears ago and that,on seeing a number of photographs, the butler picked out one as that of the ghost. This was the photo- graph of the dead lady. Whether the batler is an unusually emotional butler, whether he | communicated his impressions to the ladies who saw the ghost in his company or whether a real ghost was walking in her sleep after reading “T: ure Island” are questions which we leave to the taste and discretion of the reader. In this case perhaps Mr. Pod- more’s theory is more plausible than that of Mr. Myers. Perhaps both gentlemen are right | in different cases, Bat we could wish that Mr. Z. bad seen something, Mr. Podmore is per- plexed by ghosts of cats, black dogs and other fauna of fancy. Tney cannot be dead men walking in their sleep. Do dead dogs walk? Who knows? M. Bassier thinks human ghosts “throw back” to animal conditions, but who ever saw | the ghost of the Missing Link? It is ail yery | perplexing, and the society will be glad to re- | ceiveany number of fresh ghost stories, The energy of the society is, honestly, amaz- results | ing; we must ex; ¢ in faith. should read the trial for murder published by Sir Walter Scott for the Bannatyne Society (1831), in which “what the ghost said” was offered in evidence, the The ghost was that of an English sergeant, but he spoke Guelic, and this went against him with an Edinburgh jury in 1749. WREN AR 1S GUEST. Rooms at Fredensborg Castle That He Occupies. THE Gi “It is with much interest that one sees the apartments reserved for the Emperor and Em- press of Russia, who are such frequent and wel- come guests at Fredensborg,” writes a corre- spondent of the Galignant Messenger, under date from Fredensborg of Juiy 16 “Their majestics’ bed room is aroomy apartment, from | the three windows of which there is a beautiful view over the park. On one wall is very large empire dressing glass, next to which stands a remarkably pretty empire chest of drawers, and on the opposite side are two large chests of drawers and a mahogany wardrobe, The covering of the furniture is green satin, as are aiso the quilts of the two rather narrow beds, which here, as almost everywhere on the continent, take the place of one broad one. “The czar and czarina’s dressiag room ad- joms their bed room and is a prettyroom. The furniture is white enamel with gold, and com- prises a handsome large rococo chest of drawers. The upholstery is covered with a grayish-green material, and over the doors zre old paintings let in. The chandelier, too, is very handsome. A mahogany ward- robe is more intended for use than for ornament, There is nothing imperial about the washstand, but the toilet set is a pretty white rococo, with gilt ornamentation, Their Majesties, however, bring a good many toilet articles themselves—for instance, their bath, and the reader will no doubt hear with sur- prise that there is not one bath room in the whole castle. Sometimes, when the emperor goes out shooting very early, he has a small bed put up for him in the dressing room. is no separate dressing room for the empr “The czar and czarina’s study is alight and pleasant room, with white wails and white enameled furniture, covered with light blue brocaded silk. A large and handsome mirror and console cover the wali between the two windows, and on the opposite wall is a beauti- tiful old inlaid bureau and cabinet, with aciock atits top. There are several paint- ings, among them some old rutch ictures, which are almost too Dutch, anda arge portrait of Catherine II of Russia, There are a couple of pretty tables, white en- ameled whatnots andanice rococo chest of drawers, The most interesting pieces of furni- ture in this pretty room are, however, I think, the emperor's writing table and chair. The former isa most bourgeois and ordinary wal- | nut table and the latter, with its green rep cover, forms # suitable fellow. ‘The czar picked them up second hand, I should think, in a shop in Copenhagen while yet czarowitch, and, although Iam told his royal mother-in-law, with ber artistic taste, has made several attempts to have them replaced with other furniture Netter in keeping with the rest of the room, the auto- crat of all the Russias means to stick to what he rightly claims as his lawful property. These rooms are ready to receive their imperial occu- pants any time, and are never used by any- body else. “The King and Queen of Denmark's bed room is a handsome, well-appointed room, but I understand that the entering into particulars as to this one room was not desired. On one wall is an English text about the goodness of the Lord, of which surely King Christian and Queen Louise have reason to speak more, per- haps, than most mortals, “There is, of course, yet an endless number of rooms, but none, I think, of special interest. Although several ‘of the larger apartments have been divided into smaller rooms the accommodation is not by any means excessive, but it is no small matter to house at the same time half a dozen imperial or royal courts, “The best, or at least the merriest,days of the castle were probably thoge of King Frederick V and his queen, ‘good Queen Louise,’ daughter of King George IL. The bigotry of his prede- cessor had vanished and King Frederick was fond, very tond, of the good things of this life. From early morning till late at night Freden: borg was full of bustle and life. Both the r 4 andespecially the English queen, a pleasant change trom the German princesses, were jored by the people. Their majestieswere them- ves happy and liked to see everybody else happy, the very opposite of their predecessor. There’ were excursions and receptions, feast- ing and carousing, balls and fireworks ad infini- tum. People were heavy drinkers then, and the king was no exception, but he was in his younger years not 80 coarse as many of his confreres; he cared more for the play and the opera and the society of gifted and pretty women than for gamblin, and like amusements, But he was very muc in love with his queen, equally conspicuous for her beauty and her virtues, and ne was discon- solate when she died at the close of the year 1751, only twenty-seven years old. ‘The king certainly married ‘soon again, but the bappy, merry life at Fredensborg had gone with Queen Louise, and the castle became the scene of more and more licentious debaucheries. Fredens! afterward became the summer residence of the Dowager Queen Juliane Marie, and yet another English princess, the ill-fated’ Queen Caroline. Mathilde, daughter of Prince Frederick Louis of Wales, and granddaughter of George II, re- sided occasionally at the castle, but its old gio- rious days were over. “Time, however, has brought retribution to Fredensborg, and I doubt whether any castle has ever held a mcre illustrious company than on acertain occasion last year, when the king and queen had for their guests, staying at the castle, the Emperor and Emprese of Russia, the czarowitch and the other imperial children, the Empress Frederick and her three daughters, the King of Greece, the King of Sweeden, the Princess of Wales and her three daughters, the Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Den- mark, and I don't know how many more crown princes and princes and princesses,” How He Enjoyed the Opera. From the New York Tribune. Nino was young—twenty—and he loved. He was an Italian and he loved music. Before he died he was a master. He studied at a school 25 miles from Milan. His dreams in youth were not of fame, but of success in art. He did not care to hear applause—he longed rather to hear distinctly the great harmonies, which came as yet to him reluctantly in a half way, that he ight give them a recreation. me day in spring he was told that a famous ‘ima donna was to sing in “Sonnambula” in “I must hear that,” he said But how? He was very poor. He tried to borrow from his relations. They were too poor io looked up sloopily. “have a ticket for seat.” “Fes, but it's mot good forallnight The pare was over Siftecn minutes age.” RAILROADS. HESAPLAKE AND OWIO RAILWAK, — Schedule in Effoct May 18. Beate ere scan Piece, on este 10:8 for Newport News, Old Point Comf: Norfolk dally” “Arrive at Old Point at 18 pa 1pm aurees duly fo r stations in met Virginia, Rentucky and’ Cmncimmeal ciuusti, arriving sts am, pore le pw Fe NY le Limited, datiy. solid {yaibs, with dining cam, ron through without ebange to “inc Vestibule Sleeper tor Les inet Pullman Care are open te Passengers at 8 piu $ Pennsylvania avenve HW. FULLER _Sayl le General Passenger Agent. ALTIMORE AND OHIO RalLROAD. a Sched: t June 26, 15, ywo Washinton from « For Chicago. ner of New Jersey i. cibaled Limited LEeerees #0 oem cas S Jo aaa Ty Sip Loam aud Indisnapoiie express » 330 p.m For'Pittsbury and « tn ant BRO aN. Cleveland, express daily 9.300 27 et Lexinston and points in the Shenandoah Valen For Winchester and way «tations, ¢: For Lures. *3.5 5-30 pom, ee week day 835, 8 FY more for Washingto am of Washington, 29 pi. Sundays, tan Branch, 6.30, + friucipal sadous oulg wp ay Static 5 For Guithersburs aud in 10-00, 411 : For Stations 0 the Metropo! $8:30a.m.. 41-15 pam r: LTihiperee et For Kock ville au 00 wm, 11.00, 13-00, jermediate sta Washi nate P.m., stopping at Fra 4:30 p.m town, 110-40 am. Trams anive frau Cine 4:10 p.m.: from Cinen: nid Se 2205 pam; trom dittebune iy YORK AND PHILADPLDH w dork, Lei x 0 f 400 au “4:50 and £10.30 p.m. Buffet Parlor Cars trains. Bleeping Car on the 10-50 pm upam at 8200 pan 4:05, 18 00, *10.00, *12.00n00m, “abd Chester, "4.05 “sO, “Ou, “0 15, Pointe between Baltimore aad end 67 20 om, 1 0, ee iraine leave New York for Washington $21 -s0"ams S200" « 20, {S00 hutond “12.03 Faing leave Philadelphia for Washington, *4.2 iptv, A1'3o ome Tao ese sok Por Hage For intermediate Philadelphia, 6:00 pan. p. For Boston 0 p.m., with Pullman Buffet Sieep- wuning through to Boston without chains J} Pougbkeos sie Bridwe, laudiig pawscugers in B. uid 2. 12:00 nom 10 pom. PORK BAY Kibor ° 4m. 1.30, 4:30 pam. Sundays, bm, cok days, 6-30, 8:30 pan. Sum Daily. §Sunday only. Baxwace cas ichecked fre vtels and real. ences by Union a: orders left at icket ofhces, G1¥ et B. oe cud at depuk CAS. ©. SCULL, Gen, Huse, agent, _3. 3. ODELL. Gen. Manurer, “5 epee ones ery, = PE ANIA ROUTE TO THE NOKIH, W AN yy DOUBLE 1KACK BIBLL MAILS at 2 in effect May 11. 1 TRAINS LEAVE WASHINGION, FROM CORNENK OF OTH AND L sikh Im, A: Bor Pittsburg aud the West, « aro L gt Pullen Vestibule Cars at 10 ‘wet Line, 10:50am. daily to OL Poryers i Leave liay i daye, 8-00. 8 i ton to Chicago and St «daily at Murcsburz with through uaNvide Memphis my aily, tor Pittabury and to Pittsbux, and ws, 10-00 p Me West, with through’ Bie: BALTINOLAL 7 POTOMAC RALLROAD. . Cann Kochester and Niagara Pal Gaily, except id Ning te For kre, Canund faoand Niagara with Sleeping 2 For Wilhansport, Lock Haven aid Elisa, at 10 30a m2. cept Sunday, for Wiliiaiieport dail PORK PHILADELIH for But. py {0 p.m. EW YORK AND THEE, 1 AST, Gate 8:40 amu. daly, ox bor New ork only Limited Rajress w Cars 00: mi. daily si FOR PH Fast express 8:10 8. bipress, Sunda; For Boson without cl For Brooklyn, N¥.. ail dersey City with boats nee, 3°15 p.m. every day. through trains connect at bs U Aunex, odurd- ing direct transfer to F ‘Lavulding double ferriage actos w ork For Atiautic City, 11:40 aim. week aya, 11 20pm except Sunday For Annapolis, ¢:20 and 9-00 am, 12-05 and 4:20 bm. daily, except Sunday. Sundays. 00 wun and 4:20pm. WASHINGTON SOUTHERN RalLway. is EFFECT MAY 11, 1890 r, pan. week days: 7 For Kichmonud and the dau i mm ya's 7 2Y, 9:20 and 10.37 p Tickets and miormnt per 13th st. and Peas wie EVELUE, and wt U station, where orders can Le jeft tor the checking Dagware to destinaticn from Lotels and residences. CHAS. E. PUGH, 3. K WOOD, General Manager. fmyl2] General Passenger Agent Seq 4 AND DANVILLE KAILhOAD CO. Schedule iy effect JULY 13, 1500. 3:50 a.m.—East Tennessee Mail, daily for Warren, ton, Gordonsville, Charlottesville, Lynchbum and Stations between Aleasudria aud Lynchburg. Roau. oke, Atlan Gisttanowse aud natol, Auoxval &m—Fast Mail daily for Culp seville, Stations Chesy a yuchburg, Kocky Mount, burg and Davi ‘Charlotte, - Co Mouteomery, California, “Pullman aud Pullman Bice; mau Sleeper Da: ueuste. Pull Bat, Siecpers Washingtou to Cincinnati via Cand Q r .m.—Daily, except Sunday, for Mapassag Btrasburk ermediate stations, 4:5 p-1-—Daily via Lyuchbunc, Bristol and Chat jiman Vestibule Si Memphis, connecting thence for all Arkausas pointe. Ashovilie, oheiew eg oe =. Ser. jottesys Dtaur ton, ouviile, Cinciumety, Pullman Vestibule Iraiu Weslungteu to Cipcinnsty ‘with # Pullman Siee;er for Louwvil 11:00 p.m.—Southern Papross ay for Lypehburg. Danvi Ralewh, Ashevile, Charlotte, Columbia, Augusta, Atiautay Montgomery, New Orleans, lexas and Caliornia, ry allman Vestibule Car W p.m = from the south vie Sere burg arrive ‘ashington 6: 5 win Bast Lotsicmnee, ‘Bristol aud ge = rT SEPTER I ce neca om 4 iT, VICI OK, Wol iE YC has )s SULA E 1 $125, LEAGUE, 875. Beate ie aM, COR. OTH AND Bh wlita eee aN erg aa ARCHITECTS. aint 5