Evening Star Newspaper, August 24, 1889, Page 8

8 ¢ PIPES AND SOLDIERS. THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, THE ISLES OF SHOALS. Written for Tae Evexra Stan. Some Things Seen in Large Numbers by | Rock-Bound Shores and Fresh Sea} HOW AND WHEN TO SMOKE. Tourists in Europe. THE ENGLISHMAN AND THE BRIAR HE SMOKES— HOW THE RIGHTS OF SMOKERS ARE DEFINED ON RAILWAYS—GAMBLING ON OCEAN STEAMERS— THE SOLDIERS OF ENGLAND AND GERMANY. Gorrespondence of Tuk Eventxe Stan, Loxpox, Angust 14. The perils of the deep nowadays include something more than dangets of fogs. hidden reefs and tempests. With the comparative se- curity from the elements provided by the in- creasing skill and improved management of modern steamships these dangers can be consid- ered as insignificant compared with those which confront the gay young man, or old maneither, with money in his pocket in the smoking room of a transatlantic steamer. There the English- men play whist stclidly and silently for hours, and the American, of course, has introduced his little game of poker. The average transat- lantic voyager,at least on his outward trip from New York, is well supplied with money. The Professional gambler has found that the smoking room of such steamers is one of the best fields he can work. There are likely to be three or four or more of them on avery Steamer that goes out from New Yor! during the busy season. They are well-dressed, keen-eyed, fluent. sleek fellows, who do a good dea! in the first day or two of the voyage to es- tablish sociability among the male passengers who throng the smoking room. They start the betting pools on each day's run of the steamer. When the card playing begins, as it is sure to do before the second night out, they soon in- sinuate themselves intoa game, and probably from that time on until the end of the trip they will be reaping their harvest. On the steam- ship in watch E cremed coveual high games vere played. One man—a theatrical manager from the south, who had played rather heavily at the card table and exposed the fact that he well provided with money—was lured into by a thin and sharp-faced young betting became higher and igher, until the theatrical manager found he had lost 21,000. Luck was so strong against bim that he suspected something wrong, and on inquiry discovered that the dice used did not come from the smoking room steward, as he was led to suppose, but were furnished from the pockets of the gambler himself. He imme- diately declared his belief that the dice were loaded and refused to pay the amount he had lost. Although he did not prove his case sus- Picion was so strong against the sharp-faced gambler that he was not permitted to play in any game during the rest of the voyage. Men sit in these smoking rooms and are whoily relieved of their dollars and sovereigns by nimbie-fingered poker players. notwithstanding the fact that about the walls of the rooms—some- times directly over the heads of the gamblers— are posted warnings informing passengers that itis reported that professional gamblers are accustomed to cross on the Atlantic steamers and that they should have a care about whom they played with, THE ENGLISHMAN AND HIS PIPE. The Irishman and his dhudeen are not more inseparable than the Enghshman and his briar, It is not the Englishman of small means only who smokes a briar for reasons of economy. It is « form of smoking that has become national, On the ocewn steamers, on continental railways, in the smoking rooms of hotels—everywhere, if he cannot be told by the cut of his clothes the English tourist always betrays himself by pro- ducing from his pocket a short, black briarwood ipe. On the streets of London or of any Eng | sh city, in the morning at least, every third man one meets will be pufting away at his pipe. The tobacconists’ shops, instead of making their greatest display, as in America, of cigars and Cigarettes, have their windows filled with pipes and loose smoking tobacco. The English gen- tleman generally carries in bis pocket a rubber or leather pouch holding an ounce or two of stringy tobacco, If you meet him on a railway | train and he becomes interested in conversation | be will almost involuntarily bring out and fill his little black pipe. and his remarks thereafter will be punctuated by the rattle of the little pipe as he knocks it against the window sill to shake out the ashes or pauses while he strikes # match and relights the tobacco, for the Eng- lishman’s pipe is always going out. The habit of smoking in England is so general that the smoker claims rights everywhere which are enforced by the might of numbers. His | rights on the railways are well defined and | strictly enforced. On most of the trains one will find one-third or one-half of the space set aside for smokers. No Englishman would dream of disturbing the smoker ir his posses- sion. The regulation is that smoking in such carriages is prohibited only when some non- smoker protests, and it is found that such non- smoker canuot be accommodated in any other carriage. Englishmen, well dressed and ap- parently well bred in every other respect, smoke their pipes while walking with ladies, and{ have seen them puffing away at their briars even while with ladies in the reception room of a fashionable hotel. The London swells and the farm laborer have the briar in common. One reason for smoking Pipes is that it is ditticult to get good cigars in Eng- land even at high prices. The cigars offered for sale at moderate prices are so poor that an American visitor who smokes at all is soon likely to jake to the briar. SMOKING ON THE CONTINENT. The rights demanded and accorded to the smoker in Germany are even more generous than those claimed by the Englishman. In | Holland and Germany a few railway carriages have placards forbidding smoking. In all other carriages it is understood that smoking is per- mitted. Unless smoking is positively inter- dicted in any place, it is generally understood that one n smoke if he chooses. In Holland and Germany one occasionally sees a peasant keeper at his door smoking a long pipe, of good quality are so cheap that the poorest men smoke them constantly. The cabman and the street peddier in the ¢ities smoke their cigars all day with as much gusto as the nobleman or millionaire banker. As one goes south through Switzerland to Italy he finds king just ascommon among the poorer people, but they smoke long, black and Vile cheroo' A noticeable thing in the win- dows of tobacco shops in all European cities is the great display of elaborate pictorial adver- tisements, finely-colored chromos and photo- graphs. These are the advertisements of Amer- ican tobacco and cigarette firms. Pictures that prdlic opinion and Anthony Comstock have vanished from the windows of American to- bacco stores are displayed here in great pro- fusion. LOTS OF SOLDIERS, Unaccustomed in his own iand to see regular troops or even citizen soldiery, except on some holiday occasion, the constant appear- suce of men in soldiers’ uniform makes a mpression on the American tourist, *the usual route be probably sees German soldiers than any other kind, as ies are filled with them. In mak- up the Khine by way of Cologne and 2 one sees soldiers loiter about the railway stations or steam boat landings in every town. Toward nightfall he y vom drum beats and bugle calls, The German cav- alryman, officer or private, always when in uni- form, goes booted, spurred and armed, and the clanking of their sabers against the stones of the street is a familiar sound in German towns, Breezes. THE PLEASURES OF A POPULAR NEW ENGLAND RESORT—INTERESTING HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE ROCKY ISLANDS—HOW THEY CHANGED FROM 4 FISHING RESORT TO A SUMMER RESORT. ‘Special Correspondence of Tux EVENING Stan. Istes oF SHoats, August 12, 1889, Springing abruptly, gray and gaunt, out of the cool waters of the Atlantic, some six or eight miles from the coast and directly off Ports- mouth, N. H., is a little group o/ rocky isles, The solid rock of which they are composed is seamed and furrowed—worn by the un- counted storms of many centuries. On their | jagged shores have been laid the bones of many @ staunch ship and its crew. Now, however, a light house with a powerful burner rears itself on one of the islands, while on two of the others handsome summer hotels have been erected. These are THE FAMOUS ISLES OF SHOALS. The islands are nine in number—Duck, An- derson, Cedar, Appledore, White, Star, Smutty- nose, Londoners and Square (apparently so- called on account of its being almost absolutely round). i On Appledore and Star Islands are situated the summer hotels—the Appledore and the Oceanic; the light house is on White Islan few fishermen live on Smuttynose and Cedu the rest are uninhabited. : é Appledore Island, on which I am stopping, is the largest of the group. It, like the others, practically a solid mass of rock, with here and there a scanty patch of grass. No vegetation to vitiate the air. As yet I have only seen one tree on the islands, and that is directly in front of the hotel and so is sheltered by it. As the isles as a summer resort are but little known to Washingtonians some of their salient points may not be uninteresting. In 1939 omas Laighton came to the isles @ disappointed man tokeep the light house, having resolved to shun mankind. But in this resolution he was disappointed likewise, for in 1848 he started, in a smal! way, the Appledore House on Hog or Appledore Island. The house became A POPULAR RESORT for New England people of the better class, and has from time to time been enlarged until it now accommodates about five hundred people, the Oceanic holding as many more, Laighton had three children—Oscar, Cedric and Celia, Oscar and Cedric now own most of the island, and both the hotels, Celia is better known to the world at large as Celia Thaxter, the gifted poetess. The place is per- haps unequaled as a health resort. To the tired and worn-out dwellers in cities its crisp, salt, invigorating air is like the breath of life- From whatever quarter the wind mag blow it always comes from the sea, and brings new strength with it. Practically. a stay on its rocks is a continual ocean voyage, robbed of its terrors, Itlacks the feverish excitement usual in coast resorts, and it lacks, too, their mosquitoes. The most thrilling occurrence during my st so far is the reported engagement of the sec- ond violin of the house orchestra to the bass viol, It is hardly necessary to say that the orchestra is composed of # mixture of the sexes, The same people come here year after year, the children grow into manhood and womai hood breathing each summer its bracing breezes CHILDREN’S PARADISE. It is @ paradise for children, In front of the hotel is an inlet flushed with each high tide and protected by a sea gate, where they bathe, row and sail throughout the day, bar- ring the time they race up and down the piazza, making a racket that causes many a sigh for the good old days of Herod. But they thrive and grow brown and lusty and are the con- trolling spirits of the place. WAITERS AND COURSES, The waiters are waitresses. It is an unfair advantage to take of an inhabitant of a middle or southern state. The first one I was assigned to had an eccentric idea that I would prefer that she should bring all the courses at one time and keep them on the side table until I was ready for them. I pleaded with her un- availingly. I told her Thad a fool prejudice in favor of having things hot, but she would not relent. Icouldn’t stand off and anathe- matize her as I would a man, for she looked at least a granddaughter of achief justice; so I had my table changed and all went well. My new Ganymede humored my eccentricities and Iwas happy. The table is very good, the fish and lobsters being delicious. ‘The time is passed principally in loafing, in- terspersed with tennis, sailing, rowing and fishing. In the evening there is a little danc- ing and by 11 o’clock the house is wrapped in slumber. In strolling over the rocks a day or so ago I came across some walls of stone, evidently the remains of some old house, On inquiry I was astounded to find that the place had A uIsToRY. ‘The Isles of Shoals were first noted by Cham- plain in 1605. In 1614 Capt. John Smith of Pocahontas fame landed on the Isles and named them Smith’s Islands. A pile of stones still standing on Appledore island is called Smith's cairn und is alleged to have been erected by the brave adventurer. Some time after this the Isles began to be frequented by fishing vessels, drawn thither by the immense schools of fish found periodically there, and from these schools or shoals the Isles received the name by which they are now known and the popula- tion gradually became permanent, and as it grew in size grew also in ungodliness, and the people were more than once rebuked by the the Massachusett thorities for their lawless- ness, It is vaguely intimated that pirates were not unwelcome visitors to the Isles in those days. The principal settlements were Apple- dore on Hog Island and Gosport on Star Island, — total population reached six hundred 801 WHAT HE WOULD Do. It is related that on one occasion a clergy- man,endeavoring toappeal to them in language that should reach their understanding sai “Supposing, my brethren, any of you should be caught in the bay in a northeast storm, your hearts trembling with fear and nothing but death before you, whither would your thoughts turn? What would you do?” “What would I do?” replied one of these hardy sons of Neptune. ‘Why, I'd b’ist the fores’l and scud away for Squam.” Some time later the Isles were divided be- tween New Hampshire and Maine, and on the state of New Hampshire attempting to collect taxes from her portion of the Isles the popu- lation of Appledore emigrated in a body to Gosport and left the rocks to pay the taxes. YEWER FISH AND FEWER PEOPLE. By degrees, however, the fishing grew less and less lucrative and the population dwindled ay When Laighton came out in 1837 Star Island was the only one inhabited, and that by only a few fishermen. So now the rocks on which the old inhabitants were wont to dance ‘The German soldiers eeem always ready {or the march. In a short journey one is likely to meet troops on the road between cities or marching into town at might with guns an haversacks. They are kept moving and are being constantly inured to such hardships as they would have to endure in time of war. The German soldiers that one sees marching on the roads, dust- covered and loaded down with equipments, are re nerally young fellows from twenty to twenty- We years old. Oue cannot help comparing thera favorably with other European soldiers. ‘They are, as @ rule, fine-looking fellows, with broad shoulders, good, strong limbs and ruddy, bealthy-looking’ faces. Many of these young men come from comfortable homes. They are sons of well-to-do people and young men of “quality” who are required, just as the peasants the ungodly May-pole dance and consume un- told quantities of rum bear only a silent testi- mony of their former owners in some decayed walls and the old church on Star Island. A new generation, however, are finding health and pleasure on their picturesque help) ts, . BN. ——__—_ West End Joe. From the Atlanta Journal. “That's West End Joe,” said a street-car driver, pointing to a long-legged mule of the hump-backed variety, which was ambling along in front of a Wheat street car. “Joe used to belong to the West End and At- ita street car spre nd and I tell you, sir, he’s a daisy when he feels a little off. Many’s the time I've seen him kick the gizzard out'n a fly sitting up under the roof over the plat- are, to do their three years of active service in | form. One day his liver, Joe’s I mean, not the the army. A young German soldier told me fly's, was out of kilter and the first hill he came that the pay was ridiculously small and would | the created a little amusement for the Bot be sufficient to keep imam even in the | Senger. He humped his back and histed his Meanest way if he had no other income. The | ong legs up and sent them fly: Poor man in the army ekes out bis meuger in| glass door.” ‘The glass flew over through the passengers come by blacking the boots or performing other | like hail stones and in about two seconds and a menial service for his richer feliows who have | half by my Waterbury After looking at these | Car of every blessed an allowance from home, sturdy German soldiers one cannot help observing the somewhat diminutive aj stopped nee of the French, and especially of the Italian | He wanted to go on to the stable but I held him widiers, THE NATTY RED Coats. Bat, after all, not even in Germany does one wee such good-looking soldiers as the “red- coats” of Great Britain, such slashing dragoons and natty infantrymen and ar! lounge about the parks of London and the En- cities. The British soldier is al eryists as | passenger boarded the car and the whi he had unloaded that “Another time Joe got Cis ; hump up about the time I put on brakes and ‘Ry in, He sorter squinted his left eye around his off shoulder, took sight at the break and let fly with iis hind legs, He struck that break a cen- ter shot, knocked it loose and started off before * “Joe's a bad un,” continted the driver asa The Effect of Tobacco on the Nerves, Heart and Brain. VIEWS OF SEVERAL PHYSICIANS ON THE SUBJECT— TOBACCO ACTS 4S A STIMULANT AND THEN AS DEPRESSENT — SUFFERERS FROM NICOTINE POISON CAN SOON GET WELL IF CAREFUL. Is the use of tobacco injurious? On this question no two doctors agree. Some say that brain workers should use to- bacco moderately and that they will derive a benefit for so doing. - Others say that tobacco used in any form is injurious, One doctor claims that it will hurt the literary man or the man of sedentary habits, but that the laborer and artisan can smoke all he wants to without injury. Several doctors were seen recently and talked on the tobacco question. The following are their views: One has studied this question thor- oughly and is particularly posted on the effects of tobacco on the nerves, heart and brain. He makes a specialty of studying nervous dis- orders, This is what he said about tobacco: “The habit of smoking tobacco is a very per- nicious one if indulged in by boys who are growing or by young men. A complication of nervous disorders is produced by excessive tobacco smoking. Boys ought not to smoke. T have seen boys who told me that they com- menced to smoke when they were eleven or twelve years of age. Many of them have start- ed by picking up their father’s half smoked cigar or by stealing his tobacco. When these boys come to be seventeen or eighteen years of age they are thin, pale faced, short aud their vitality is seriously impaired. I don’t think smoking hurts the laboring classes as much be- cause they have no nerves. A great, strong, well developed bricklayer can smoke almost anything and it will not hurt him at ail, Tobacco first affects the nerves and then it affects the heart when used to excess in any form. Brain workers should smoke in modera- tion. The most injurious shape in which to- bacco ean be used, 1 think, is the cigar. Ordi- nary cigarette smoking is not as injurious as many believe it is, butif the smoker inhales the smoke from the cigarette. as a great many men do, then it is most decidedly the most in- jurious form of smoke. Usually only about two-thirds of a cigarette is smoked, and then the tobacco is of a mild kind that doesn't con- tain anything like as much nicotine in propor- tion as there is ina cigar. One cigar will weigh nearly as much as all the cigarettes a man will smoke ina day. Pipe smoking is the least in- jurious when the pipe is kept clean. Those old-fashioned long stemmed pipes are the best that can be used. Tobacco acts as a slight stimulant at first, and its final action is that of a depressent, It'is a nerve poison, and it picks out certain systems on which it works, THE SMOKER’S HEART. The first effects it will have on a smoker is to produce what is called the smoker’s heart and dyspepsia, The smoker's heart is a palpitation or irregular motion of the heart. t is very hard to state how muc n smoke with- out being injured by its effects. A man of hervous temperament should not smoke at all, The average New Yorker perhaps smokes on an average three or four cigars a day. Some men limit themselves to one or_ two, and are much better off for so doing. Some men again smoke from fifteen to twenty cigars a day. The only thing that can be said about these men is that they ure phenomenal, and no one can understand how they can do it. The best time to smoke is after meals, Smoking stimulates the flow of saliva and a flow of the gastric juice, and in this way can be said to aid digestion. One always seems to feel a sort of relief from smoking after eating. At least I know I do, and several others I have met tell me the same thing. Smoking to excess after eating, though, will injure digestion. Smoking acts as astimulant tothe brain, too, for a short time, but it soon goes off. You ask me is not some benefit derived from smoking. I don’t waut to go before the world und state that men would be agreat deal, better off if Sir Walter Raleigh had never discovered this narcotic. I think tobacco used judiciously will not hurt one much. It produces cer- tain pleasures, It is company for man, and a comfort that will outweigh any number of evils, Nicotine is quickly eliminated from the body. It is avery powerful poison, A drop is said to be sufficient to kill an animal. How much it takes to kill aman is not known, as there are on- ly two cases of fatal nicotine poisoning on re- cord, I imagine, though, thatif a man were to swallow a tablespooutul of plug tobacco that would be sufficient to kill him. Some people smoke very intemperately, and here are a few of the troubles that arise from so doing: They get partial nervous weakness, which will event- ually produce nervous breakdown; they get the smoker's heart, which is irregular and palpitat- ing, ataxia, which causes the body to sway and tumble; dyspepsia, and in connection with alcohol, partial blindness, Tobacco does not produce any organic disease; and one suffering from excessive tobacco smoke will soon recover if he puts the tobacco on one side. ‘The nico- tine will soon pass out of his system, PIPE SMOKING THE LEAST INJURIOUS, Another prominent physician said: “Smoking tobacco will not injure anybody if indulged in moderately. The most injurious form in which tobacco can be used is the cigarette, the cigar next and lastly the pipe. The reason cigarette smoking is 80 bad is on account of the paper, ‘This paper absorbs the nicotine and conducts it to the mouth. Pipe smoking may become very injurious if the pipe is not properly attended to. The pipe used should be a long- stemmed one, and it should be well cleaned, This can be easily accomplished by pouring a little alcohol through the bowl of the pipe, which willcut out the micotine. Nicotine is an oil and the alcohol cuts it out. Tobacco causes an irregular action of the heart, which is easily diagnosed and is called by physicians tobacco or smoker's heart, It is hard to determine how much aman can smoke without injuring him- self. A fleshy man can smoke much more than anervous man. It depends entirely on the temperament of the smoker. The best time to smoke is after eating, as then it promotes di- estion. Tobacco acts as a stimulant to the rain and produces quiet to the nervous sys- tem.” Men working in the open air and who enjoy good health and have strong constitu- tions can smoke a great deal without fecling any serious injury from so doing. In fact, you will see them nearly allthe time witha clay pipe stuck in their mouths, TOBACCO IN ANY FORM VERY BAD. A certain female physician is more opposed to the use of tobacco than she is to the use of intoxicating drinks, She won't allow it inside her house. When asked recently if the habit of smoking tobacco wis injurious, she said: “Yes, most decidedly it is. Tobacco used in any shape has no good qualities at all in it, ‘The most injurious form of smoking in my opinion is the cigarette. I don't know much about the smoking habit from experience, but only from egy! and what others have told me. ‘The cigarette, I should think, was the most injurious because the tobacco. is put right in the mouth, and the nicotine poison the tobacco is absorbed that y through the paper. Cigars, too, are inju- rious for the same reason. Then the cigarettes are made of inferior tobacco; men and boys smoke more of them, and there is a poison con- tained in the paper. I don’t think a man can smoke at all without being injured by its effects, And I can’t find any good in it at all. Tobacco is a sedative and smoking acts as a stimulant, Nicotine acts as a stimulant to the brain. ‘These sedatives and stimulants are not at ali necessary. If one would rest more and take more recreation and do without tobacco they would find they would enjoy great deal better health, live longer and be able to attend to their business better than they are able to do under the effects of tobacco and other stimu- lants.” TOBACCO GOOD FOR THE BRAIN. The house surgeon at Bellevue hospital, New York, is a smoker and believes in smoking. He said recently the immoderate use of tobacco is certainly injurious; but a little acts as a stimu- lant to the brain and brain-workers a ‘eat deal of benefit from this stimulant, best thing for them to smoke is the pipe which should be kept clean. nico- tine can be ki apr earoaroree Swe ipe by occasic ing through the bowl and stem of the pes little alcohol. The most injurious form in h ‘tobacco can be used is the ci tte. Cigarette smoki is doing a great of harm to the boys and young men of this country. it of tte smoking is comparati' new one and its evil effects will not be felt haps to any t extent for some years, reason the c: is so injurious is because we peper absorbs the nicotine and acts juctor, it into the bringing it into contact with the mucous brane, Then again » man will smoke a many wea par and not how has sm until he begins to feel the this oversmoking. F very moderately i is = poetic § poison like arsenic. Arseni- accumulates in the pores of the skin and nico- tine in the brain.” THE CIGARETTE THE MOST IXJURIOUS. Another leading physician believes that if 9 man can do without tobacco he will be all the better for it, and he would never advise any one to begin to smoke, although he is a smoker himself. “The doctoris a temperate man though and smokes judiciously, He said: “The habit of smoking or chewing tobacco is a very injurious one. Tobacco acta as a stimulant aud after the effects of that stimulant has worked off the smoker feels worse than he did before he com- menced to smoke, that is, if he smokes merely to have his brain or nerves stimulated, Tobacco acts on the heart and if indulged in to excess produces an irregular or tobacco heart and also irritates the mucous membrane. If the heart becomes affected, and the action of itis irregular, the nervousentire system is disorgan- ized. The most injurious form in which to- bacco is put up nowadays is as @ cigarette. The tobacco used in a cigarette | is usually of an inferior quality. This, in many instances, is doctored by a peculiar flavoring which the manufactur- ers use and whichis very injurious to the smoker. Sometimes they put saltpetre in the tobacco to keep it from drying too quickly, and in addition to all these bed features there is poison contained in the paper. Then the paper acts as a sort of conductor, It absorbs the nicotine and conducts it to the lips and mouth, and in many cases produces poison of the lips, mouth and throat, INHALING THE SMOKE of a cigarette is also very injurious. It injures the delicate membrances of the throat, A simple experiment which will show how injuri- ous cigarette smoke inhaled may be is easily performed by means of a handkerchief, Atter taking a mouthful of smoke put the handker- chief tightly over the lips and blow the smoke throughit. You will find a dark brownstain on it. If the smoke is inhaled and then blown through the handkerchief, there is very little stain at ailif any. Consequently all that nicotine must remain in the lungs. Next to cigarette smok- ing I consider pipe smoking the most injurious and cigar smoke the least injurious; that 1s, i yousmoke a decent cigar. ‘The stem of a p' . becomes saturated with nicotine and by constantly holding this in the teeth and lips it will very often produce cancer of the lip. Then the smoke from a pipe is much stronger than the smoke from a cigar. The nicotine accumulates in the bowl of the pipe and it is almost impossible to keep the pipe clean. This nicotine is drawn into the mouth when drawing the smoke and conse- quently a great dea! more nicotine is absorbed when smoking a pipe than in smoking a cigar, In a cigar the nicotine usually remains around the end that is put into the mouth, TEMPERAMENT OF SMOKERS. It depends entirely upon the temperament of the smoker how much he is able to smoke with- out being seriously injured. Nervous persons can’tstand much smoking. Somewho have nerv like iron smoke nearly all da iously affected tobacco, because i petite. The best time to smoke is after meais, Then a cigar will have a pleasing, soothiag effect. No one should ever smoke on an empty stomach, I don’t know that any benefit is derived from smoking. I think a man would be a great deal better off if he would let tobacco alone. I know he would have more money, because it is an expensive habit, Exactly how much nicotine it takes to poison a man is not known. Aman who isa hard smoker would probably require much more nicotine to poison him than aman who doesn’t smoke at all or one of a nervous temperament.” A CENT&R OF LEARNING. sive use of Scientists and Scientific Publications in Washington. THE DIFFERENT PUBLICATIONS OF THE GOVERN- MENT—KNOWLEDGE DIFFUSED FROM EVERY DEPARTMENT—THE SCIENTIFIC FIFLD—MORE SCIENTISTS HERE THAN IN ANY OTHER CITY, Here in Washington are hundreds of men working away, like the alchemists of old, in silence, absorbed in their tasks, piling up knowledge for the world of which buta few people take any reckoning. They work on and the public knows nothing of what they are doing. There 1s an immense store house of information here on all subjects, to which the researches of the country are constantly adding. People sometimes speak of Washington as the ceuter of politics, of science, of art and of literature, without knowing just what the phrase means, It is not an art ora hterary center, though the chances are that it will be in time. Of course it is the great place of politics; it’s the national capital. But it is the national seat of learning also, At the great universities elsewhere youths are taught what their elders know; at Washington new knowl- edge is collected and distributed to the whole country—here the teachers are learning. From here the country is informed on all subjects from geology and archeology to political economy, agriculture, the state of the weather and the time of day. Every year many books are published in Washington, giving new discoveries and new information on hundreds of different subjects, IN THE SCIENTIFIC FIELD some five or six hundred active workers in the various branches of science are always at work, and volume after volume of new matter is added to the nation’s literature each year. New observations and new discoveries are con- stantly being made. The volumes are sent to a few libraries and the rest are piled away, ac- cessible to those who ask for them, but their existence so generally unknown that they are scarcely sought, In this mass of knowledge there is much that might interest the general public it they knew of its existence, but it is distributed among the scientists only, because others do not know of it and do not seek.it. Prof. G. Brown Goode and his corps of workers are col- lecting and printing many things on many sub- jects of more or less interest. THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE prints an immense amount of matter relating to all that interests agriculturists, and much that interests brokers, shippers and railroads, These publications are quite widely distrib- uted. They tell of the crops of wheat, rye, corn and oats, potatoes and fruit, and of the birds and the bugs that prey upon them. The weather bureau publishes all that it knows about the weather, and gives some in- formation about climates, The geological survey works out and pub- lishes to the world the mineral mysteries of the country, The Treasury department issues valuable works on finance, The Iuterior prints books on railroads, pub- lishes all the latest information as to inven- tions, makes maps of the country, and does lots of other things. THE NAVY DEPARTMENT PUBLISHING HOUSE issues works on navigation, ship building and ordnance; tells the story of the tides and of the stars, and furnishes an awful lot of personal gossip. The earth, the skies and the seas are searched, and their secrets, as far as discov- ered, given tothe public in reports, charts, maps, monographs, almanacs and what not, ‘he census ‘oflice publishes information as to how many there are of us, what we are all do- ing, and other personal mention. . THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. There are a great many things beside that are written about in Washi n—always some- thing new given to the world for the first time from here. That which emenates from the museum is marvelous in extent and variety, to tell are Every work from there tells all there is about the subject dealt with. The writings on nearly every material object of human in- terest, ae tell of the various animals, fishes ede of the habits and industries of men in es; the story of steam, of of pot- of minerals and of gens, “There Sare twenty-two different departments of science in be -ga eas in ss men are gan bony writ on these and many other su! te. There is the ent of comparative DO NOT HELP THE PLAYER—YOUNG MEX SIN GOR- GEOUS ARRAY—CAN GIRLS BECOME GOOD PLAY- ERS—PHYSICAL ADVANTAGES OF THE GAME. A group of girls dressed in light easy cos- tumes of gaily-striped flannel and wearing the coquettish Tam O'Shanter hats, may frequently be met with there summer afternoons pass- ing along the shaded streets of the remdence Portion of the city. They swing tennis rac- quets in their hands as they go along chatting and laughing. Later in the day as one rides or walks about the streets he will seo similar groups on the tennis courts which are now so numerous in all parts of the city, It is evident that the tennis fever has not escaped the giris and, judging from what can be seen, tennis is played quite as generally by the girls. as by the opposite sex. The maidens certainly present @ more attractive appearance in their nuis dress than the aver: young-man player. They look so cool and fresh, course they always look sweet, so that girl all got up for tennis is, as a rule, something that the eye loves to rest upon. They wear blazers, too—the cutest little jackets imaginable, with pockets in the sides, where the girls can thrust their hands and thereby add to the striking effect. The blazers are not supposed to be worn while the owner is playing, but_some- times they look go fascinating that it is difficult to throw them aside, even for a short time. The millinery feature of tennis, which adds to the picturesquencss of one of the most pic- turesque of outdoor sports, is not confined to the dress of the female tennis players. YOUNG MEN IN GORGEOUS ARRAY. The young-man species has the facilities for getting himself up ina very stunning style. He, too, has a blazer, and if he wants he can have a cap made of the same material, so that if he knows what colors suit his peculiar style of beauty he ean select a combination of colors in the blazer, cap and necktie that will be very “touching,” to use the expression of a well- known local amateur artist. In order that a man might not be obliged to confine all the gorgeous effect of his costume to the vicinity of his neck, as the turkey gobbler is obliged to do, the’ sash has been invented and its silken folds in a variety of colors gives just the fi ing touches to a costume which creates much havoc in the sensibilities of the spectators, even ifit does notcontribute very much to the score. a of REAL LOVE FOR THE GAME. But after all it is of little consequence what aman wears, He has, however, a chance to show what'he can do with a rather more ex- tended wardrobe for the tennis field than is available on other occasions, It ought not to be imagined that tennis is attractive to gi because of the pretty and bewitching costumes. There are some girls who wear out several ten- nis suits before even they have christened their racquets, But then some girls are not all girls and never were. Some girls have a genuine love for the game and a large number of the clubs in this city have both male and femaie members, The larger clubs, such as the Bach- elor and ti Japital, are composed exclusively of men, but these are exceptions, as the great Proportion of the clubs in this city admit both sexes to membership, PLAYING TENNIS WITH GIRLS. Some players say that they don’t like to play with girls, They have the same reason as the small boy had when he refused to go out and play with some little girls, “Girls don’t know ow to play hard,” he said with great disdain, A o whois atraid that her cheeks will become red or her hair mussed may succeed in playing tennis, but she can't expect that any man who knows the game will take any pleasure playing with her. He no doubts assures her that he would rather play with her than anybody in the world, and that one game with her is preferable to two or three sets with the boys on the club grounds, But at the same time everybody knows that he is a shameless hardened liar, and no doubt the girls know it very well too, How- ever, some girls never learn how to play, and never, in fact, try to learn. They look pretty while on the tennis court, and that is about ail they care for the game. But the girl who pute on an old skirt and a blouse waist and most any kind of a hat and a good substantial pair of tennis shoes, and is not afraid to reach out for a ball or jump for a ball, is likely to become an expert tennis player, GOOD PLAYERS. There are several of this kind in this city, although a Star man in talking with a tennis player asked him to name some good lady layers in this city. “I don’t know any,” and is replied: “I never saw @ woman who even tried to play tennis,” He evidently don’t move around much in tenuis circles, If he went up on K street some evening. where the grounds of the Tavi: club are located, his eyes would be greeted with the unfamiliar spectacle, to him at least, of ladies playing tennis, and good tennis too.’ A good many ladies belong to this club and they are considered to be valuable members. Miss Bayard, who is still claimed as a Wash- ington player, displays a great deal of skill in the tennis court. Her regular game is su- perior to that of the average male player, The Misses Bartlett are also excellent teunis players, and there are others whose names might be mentioned. It is said that the ladies are tak- ing more interest in tennis than ever before, and there is no doubt that in the District tour- naments held in the future prizes for ladies will be offered and will be strongly contested. SKIRTS NO INTERFERENCE. “I have heard it said,” observed a prominent tennis player, ‘that ladies were unable to make certain strokes.because their skirts were in the way. When I was in England I saw some of the best lady players in match games, I saw them make such strokes as the Lansdowne stroke with as much ease as aman could have made it, and certainly with more precision and effect than the majority of players. There was no stroke that men use that I did not see the English women use in playing. I think that idea about skirts interfering with a woman in making plays is all nonsense.” TENNIS AS AN EXERCISE FOR WOMEN, There is another thing that usually comes up when the subject of women and tennis playing is being discussed. It is claimed that the exercise is too violent and is injurious, The Star man asked a physician the other day what he thought about it and whether he was of the opinion that tennis playing injured the health of ladies. “Tennis playing,” he said, ‘‘is like all other forms of outdoor physical exercise, you can do too much of it, A man can injure his health by excessive or improper exercise as well as ladies. Independent of this, however, I don’t know of any more healthful outdoor amuse- ment. It exercises the entire body, especially the muscles of the chest. Did you ever notice singers, what large busts they generally have? Well, that is the result of muscular develop- ment largely. It is notnaturalasarule. Ten- nis playii Trings into use the museles of the chest ci f broadens and develops it. It gives the general exercise which contributes to the well being of the entire body. I would have no hesitation in recommending tennis to my patients, especially my female patients, if they should ask for my advice.” plaints FALL FASHIONS FOR MEN. Dress Suits—Street Garments—Frock Coats—A Swell Garment—Neck Wear. To begin with, you needn’t worry about last year’s dress suit; it's all right for the coming season, says the Haberdasher. There are men who will wear the Tuxedo tailless “ ” coat and the black sash for evening dress, just as there are men who will wear sombreros and green neckties; but our advice to you is— Don’t. If you want to be well dressed, avoid experiments and stick to accepted gentilities. Don’t be either a dude or a sloven, and to to some extent m grounds, as in such weaves as matelasses, and it is universal in the figures. ANOTHER THREATENED INNOVATION cent frock coat with which we are threatened— the genteel garment, whose skirts come down well below the middle thigh-—but a substitute for it closely resembling the bobby coat which Thomas and James wear when they go out with the coach and the horses. This frock coat is now worn to a considerable extent in England, and that it will at least be offered in New York isa foregone conclusion. [ts distinguish- ing feature, of course, is its short skirts, which reach nearly to mid-thigh, and Erosent an ap- pearance quite devoid of the dignity we are wont to associate with full-skirted garments. COATS FOR STREET WEAR. Heavy sack coats, worn without overcoats, were frequent upon the streets last winter. The same idea comes to the surface this sea- son, but in a different and pleasing, because suitable form. A round cut single breasted sack coat in winter leaves an impression of bareness and coldness. The box coat isa handsome and ment, made in meltons, kerseys and Irish friezes, All its seams are strap seams, that is, they have a narrow strap with rough edges overlaid upon them, which gives the coat great distinction, The coat hangs straight from the shouiders, and it is cut quite short, although not as short as the covert coat, say between that and the ordinary sack overcoat. The collar is a pretty feature. It is what is called a strap velvet collar, that is, one-half of velvet and it has wide lapels, No box-coat is good style unless it has fancy linings, and bright plaids are the thing. A ver: swell idea is a combination lining of fanc plaid and silk, the latter covering the uppe itylish gar- popular colors are the various blues, browns, drabs, tans, olive and biack. The English fly-frout overcoat is ent on very much the same e as the box-coat, but is somewhat longer. It also is cut to hang straight from the shoulders, bas the strap collar and wide lapels. It has lap instead of strap seams, however. The back is cut full—that is, with- out the middle seams—but this feature is not exaggerated. Carr's melton in black and Ox- ford ts the proper material for this g: t, which is the one that will meet the approval of the great multitude, who do not incline to ex- — things, but still want good style and com- fort, A VERY SWELL GARMENT is the Lord Chumley overcoat introduced last year and quite as correct this, It is this season made both single and double-breasted, and its marked feature is a longer cape than hitherto, When the cape is detached the double-breasted form becomes a plain ulster. Fancy cheviots and nobby cassimeres are materials much used for this coat, comparative lightness being de- sirable in a garment whose main function is to wear with evening dress, Colors range from enough to stamp the wearer as an English lord. In ulsters there is a decided innovation. brought out. In this class of garments every- thing goes in the way of color and fabric. Irish frieze is just now a popular fabric. It has famous dirt-and-wear-resisting qualities, but it is heavy for this climate. Chinchillas, plain and fancy, are also good. THIS SEASON'S NECKWEAR SILKS effects. In fine goods there is hardly anything else to be seen. The combination weaves of last season have almost entirely disappeared, and are offered only ina few pretty novelties | likely to find a market through their attract- iveness. Stripes are plentifal in cheap goods, but have little show in fine goods. Figures and plain satins seem to be the only wear, and the range of these is extraordiuary as regards figures but comparatively small as regards colors, Elegance is the leading characteristic of this season's neck wear silks. This is especially true as regards colors. For the t two sea- sons queer or unusual colors have been largely sought for, and strong shades of stap: suc as bright reds, vivid blues and strong browns have had the lead. This is no longer the case. This fall shows a remarkable prevalence of uiet and refined colorings in the darker shades. Strong redsand blues are but little shown; garnets, although somewhat in favor, are not very strong; mode colors are almost absent, and light browns are also generally it. Pethe great feature of the season willbe the blacks, of satin grounds, with self figures in combination with silver, heliotrope, lavender, &c., in delicate and wide spaced figures. These goods are extremely handsome. Next to the blacks come.the indigoes and navies. Myrtle green is also shown to some extent, and smoke is fairly popular, Steel gray effects, broken with black and white stripes or with figures also take weil. Of course there isa fair proportion of the very light and delicate tints, with equally deli- cate figures, suitable for evening wear, but there appears a much less proportion to the total than hitherto, and it is evident that they will not be in favor for street . but will be confined to their proper place as part of the | house toilet. In figures, foliated and floral de- signs are numerous and fairly divide the field with block and geometric figures which have so long prevailed. Small flowers, leaves and sprays, either natural or conventional, supply the motives for many of the most desirable goods of the season. PUFF SCARFS, There can be no dispute concerning one thing—that puff scarfs are to be very exten- sively worn and that they are to run from a goodly size to a good deal larger, even to an enormous size. Besides the typical and moderate shapes in this class there are ultra effects, which appeal to none but a limited class—what one may call the class who live to dress. The immense English Ascot scarf is worn by this class and the retailers who cater to them are buying As- cots no less than six inches wide and of equally exaggerated length. To wear one of them is something like wearing a table cloth about one’s neck. This style of scarf in this ultra size is merely an eccentricity, but it has its good points; its fullness allows it to be pleated at the top into a variety of pretty folds and this frees it from the sameness which made-up puffs have. NOTIONS. A meritorious match safe is designed in imi- tation of an Egyptian mummy. A pennant of diamonds, flying from a mast- head of gold, is ascarfpin in demand among yachting fashionables. * OE A moonstone comic mask, dispiayed in relief on a surface of diamond and rubies, constitutes a scarfpin of exquisite up; 6. A lawn tennis net of gold, on which rests a racquet of the same m: ial, and a pearl rep- resenting the ball, is a very artistic scarfpin. ‘A ruby, held in the mouth of an elaborately ved silver dragon coiled into a ring, will fm favor with those who prefer massive jewe The’ nickel key chains, which, when intro- duced, were regarded asa senseless fad, have been found of such actual value that they have, doubt, come to 5 oars ben ene demand for gold and silver buttons, a class of ultra fashionable people having elected to wear colored dress rela reme bo black. In some — delicate-hued garments are ornamented with diamond set buttons instead of bare metals, and the wearers also effect diamond pins in their shirt fronts. POTOMAC RIVER BOATS. and THURSDAY at ion lock wih ns, Saree pS sulé-ln the former the lower part of the garment. The | audit CHA uows DOWLING, Avcuoneer. VERY VALUABLE UNIMPROVED THIRD STREET BETWEEN R AND S. cE NORTHWEST AT AUCTION. CHAS. C. DUNCANSOR, Tin feet front of original La are Sol, ramning b Rowe: ram back 1459 feet to an Terms: #1,000 cash, a balance in one and cs __THOMAS DOWLING, Auctioneer, WALTER B. WILLiaats & 00., Auctioncers, UT DINING ROOM OHA IN LEAT HLA, BEDS > WASHSTAN DS, MATTE CHINA AND GLASSWARE, KI EN ULENBILA, 8 PC, On MONDA\, AUGUST TWENTY-SIXTH, at O'CLOCK A.M, we shail sell at residence, No, 180! N street gorth weet, & reneral assurtinent of Hi Kee: tau Articles, to ‘which we ask the attention a cash, __WALTER B. WILLIAMS F[HOMAS DowLiNa, Auctioncer TRUSTEES’ SALE OF CHOICE SUBURBAN ESTAR, TWENTY-FIVE FLET FuoNtd, SLKEET, MERIDIAN ML deed uf trust recorded March 7, 1883] uf the land reco i _ CRESC! By virtue of ot neg am, we will well at pubic a renases, ov WEDNESDAY, SEPTEM FOURTH, Ts8y, at FIVE O'CLOCK P.M, the folior ing-descrived real estate i feet % bered eucht a bicck numbered aia (6), 0 Elvan’ subdivision of Meriuan Hill os ord in the survey or's office of the Je: One-third of the purchase money: iu two equal payments in 6a abd twell Rear interest at 6 ver | ) be necured by deed cf trust on eabd urcheser. A deposit surchawer fails to con: the terms of saie within ten days from ty will be resold at his risk aud om of @uch resale ine ‘| £. B TOWNSEN ¥ HELLEN, Or A VALUABLE THRE DWELLING HOUSE, NO. S19 | THWE certain deed of trust, dated the 4tb] A.D. 1586, a liver No. 1194, folio 421 et records of the District of « request of the at ili sell at public » he highest bidde grave to gay, from light to dark, from plain to | plaided, with plaids large enough and loud | All ulsters hitherto have had the piqued collar; | | this season the shawl or continuous collar is | show a very marked prevalence of jacquard | | Lye | a apes ikst DAY OF O'CLOCK P.M... that certain piece or parcel of land situate in the city of Washiugton, in eald District, abd | red eat GAN), of Abram F . rivision of j sundred | being Fecorded rT , surveyor, book The said lot 4 suiproved by @ near: ick dwelling bouse with the wat ve-third of the purchase in cash on or within ten days thereafter, and the in'ene and Money Muay be par the day of sale. All conv pa WILLIA BOAKMA | GEORGE W. BLICKNEY, Auct _ ATTORNEYS. | MIPBELL CAKIIN TON, AV TORNEY-AT-LAW, D st. u.w., Washisyeton . Kemdence, 1 LADIES’ GOODs. QRONTS! FRONTS!! us 1 Numuner. Always im orucs by yi wbx, Mute. M. J. PRANDL, 1320 F at. S. LAPEIBON'Sh Fime French, Hairdressing. au7-im* iLNCH DYEING. SCOL NG ESTABLIMIE MIN Shampootng. # AND DK} CLEAN. 1200 New ¥ LINC 1, 4 nq a NIUN FISCHERS DEY CLE LISHMENT AND DYE WOKKS, Ladies’ oud Gente’ Garments ut all ha out beng ripped. Ladies’ b Thirty-tve years weder ‘Gouus cailed for ana L1-WOOL GAKMENTS, MADE UF OL MIPPED dyed agued muuruing Uiack. . FISCHER, YOU G at aw, 14 MEDICAL, 6 T WAS NEVEK BEEN CONTKADI Dr. BLOLHERS the oldest-cstel ing Lodies’ Physician im the city : wLy consult Dr. BROTHELS, ar attention paid t Jorty years un i a District of Corumbia, this du day of July, 1535. auz-lu* MAdivon Brstop Mil or two of br Bic of herve power. Li br. ¥ expericuced Feu i AN si wld consult Mrs, et, Band ©, way $5. aul S-2w* JIN, 1405 and 12:hstn.i.e. Ladies only. ie XN ADAME PEKEGOY SPECIALIST 1 bIseaSEeS OF THE HAIR, Indiana avenue, At Home from 9 auid-La* 4 pa ruts toeated at their residences. yk. MOTT'S FRENCH POWDERS ARE THE ‘Standard Kemedy tor all blood diseases, causi ‘UWroet, nasal, or akin troubles 2 forty ext hours. Price, br. DODL'S NE * No. cS} permanently cures netural weukuens, ervous debility, Gy dc. Price, $1. Bent mule at pres STA OCEAN EAMERS. = ee SHORT ROUTE TO LONDON, NUKDDEUTSCHEK LLOYD 8. 8.00, Fust Express Steamers. To Southanyton rt Trave, Wed., A 31, 0a. 2, W Be “bdoL 30 mei. 2:30 pm: 3 pan.: Kaiser Wilhelm Ii, Tues, sept. ‘Aller, Wed, Sept. 11, 7:30am. riable state rvouis, excellent table, lagurious ppointments. Prices: Ist calun, 678 end erth, according te location ; 24 $50 srage at low Fates, Apply to. ¥, DEOOP _ PIANOS AND ORGANS. J)ECKER BHOS’. PIANOS REPRESENT ALL ) ust is best in “the art of Wanotorte anaking- terns. SvEBEa FISCHER and ESTEY PIANOS. A fow cines Becund "iabos at very low prices. ORSTEY ONGANG.-Two Lunared tnd tee (210,000) Estey Organs bave been made and Kew styles for Parlor, Church and Schou! ues. terms, “PTA RUS AND ORGANS FOR RENT. id instruments taken in part payment for “new ones, Tuning and SANDERS & STAYMAR, . a 13 N. Charles st., Baltimore, Ma. 1217 Main st, sul-3m hmond, Va, SK x A BA A PIANOS UNEQUALED IX WORKMANSHTP IST DECOMATIVE AMT” Pinwos Sorte se darwe