Evening Star Newspaper, February 16, 1889, Page 10

for Tue Evexine Stan. FIRST PERSON SINGULAR, The Use of the Personal Pronoun in In- augural Addresses. Bow THE DIFFERENT PRESIDENTS OUTLINED THEIR ADMINISTRATIONS — W. Il. HARRISON'S LONG AKDRESS AND BUIZY TERM—APRAHAM LINCOLN AND CHESTER A. ARTHUR RECORDS. The lightning cal or having turned the current of his mathematical methods down the line of historic events from the beginning to the present of the Constitution, gives a “figu- tative” view of the quadrennial utterances of the Presidents, which not only outlined their administrative policies, bat have been more or less characteristic of the distin, elves. There have been 1 teen Presidents who have favored their eoun- trymen with a verbal chart of t plans of edministration in advance, ani there have been four Vice-Presidents who have taken up the severed link of authority where dropped, twice by natural causes and twice by the bullet of an assassin. The longest inangural address and the short- est administration were those of the grand- |. father of the incoming President. sparing in the exhibition of prono: tance were Abraham Lincoln while stan¢ on the threshold of his second term, and Che ter A. Arthur when he took up the wreck of the Garfield government. The most eifusive in the presentation of his official dignity in the rson, singular number, pronoun I was Abraham Lincoin, when he entered the place of supreme authority. WASHINGTON’S ADDRESS. When George Washington took the oath of Office at New York as first President of the United States of America, under their new model of constitutional government by the di- vine right of the people, one hundred years ago, he mapped out his purposes of adminis- tration during that formative period of na- tional existence in an inaugural address of thirteen hundred words, in which he appeared as I twenty times. After four years of saga- cious master workmanship in laying the foun- dations of the entire superstructure of the gov- ernment, its methods of business and person- nel, during that time pointing out the wisdom of fostering home industries, and giving utter- ance to that aphorism of administrative for sight, ‘in time of peace prepare for war,” he entered upon his second term in the inaugural brevity of one hundred and fifty-four words and six I's, ‘THE SECOND PRESIDENT, John Adams, formulated the incipient issues of liberal and strict construction of the Constitu- tion and antagonisms of political parties in an opening address of 2.311 words, in which he presented himself thirteen times in the use of L. The most ai impor- THOMAS JEFFERSON, the father of American partisan democratic gov- ernment upon the loose system of state rights gave his admiring followersa view of his plansin advance in 1. words and 19 I's. of anti-federalixm and fed about his plans of meeting French intrignes and British maritime arrogance ia an inaugural of 1,170 words sustained by 11 I's, and four Fears later discussed the events of the war of 1912 and its successful results in an address of 1,142 words and 11 T's. James Monroe, on March 4. discussed the Indian qnestion and uish boundary troubles, issues of politics and administra in an inaugural of words with 19 T's, an made his second appearat vith a grand flourish of pardonable pride in 4.156 words and 26 I's, over the “era of good feeling” and the cession of Florida to the Uni Spain. Jobn Quincy Adams ve ngural Partisan notions of public questions in 2,944 words, parading himseif in the form of four- teen pronouns, first, singular. THE HERO OF NEW ORLEANS, after the bitterest of political campaigns, founded his vigorous administration on 1,116 words and eleven I's, and renewed it on the Dasix of the most effective political methods ever known in 1,167 words and six I's. Martin Van Buren, the “Magician of Kinder- 1817, * i: e preter to ask one of them by and by privately | Book the, Fresidential protege of Jackson, | Thether a string of these could be purchased | = P 3 pe Public | asasouvenir. He, however, blurted ont the questions in 3,884 words and thirty-eight I's. William Henry Harrison, the hero of Tippe- eanoe and the Indian border struggles of the third decade of the century, mapped ont « administration of efficient service to the peaci prosperity of the much disturbed Union in 8,578 words and 38 I's. The constitutional residuary legatee of the political administrative affairs of the ninth administration, John Tyler, showed his bad taste under the circumstances of his succession in an inaugural of 1,643 words and 15 I's. James Polk discussed the paramount issues of peace with the Seminoles, suppres- sion of the “Dorr Rhode Island Rebelton,” the annexation of Texas, and disturbanceson the Mexican frontier, with enlarged ideas of a ‘inistration, in 4,904 words interspered with 181s. Zachary Taylor, the hero of the opening battles of the Mexican war, enunciated whig doctrines of government to control affairs in 1,096 words and 18 ‘Rough and Ready” I's. MILLARD FILLMORE took up the reins of government where the dead, battle-scarred veteran dropped them with she sudden close of his mortal career with becoming recognition of the solemnity of his surroundings. by simply taking the oath of office and continuing the affairs of government without flourish of inaugural metaphors and meaningless framings of administrative theo- an. the sage of Wheatland. cussed slavery conflicts, border troubles, saa agitations and sectional antagonisms in an inaugural address of words, in which the last of the democratic Presidents for a quarter of acentury marked his prominent individu- ality by 13 T's. LINCOLN’S ADDRESSES. Abraham Lincoln, the first of the republican Presidents, outlined the administrative policy of the new regime in political control and dis- cussed the movements of secession. the author- ity and perpetuation of the Union, the possi bility of war, the raising of revenues strengthening of government in 3.538 word ‘The martyr President stood forth in the hero’ attitude of 143 times, which overtopped the numerically pronominal prominence of all his predecessors, and yet he was aiways known as ¢ least obtrusive of ergo me! When encored by the applauding voice of his grateful countrymen after the noble works of an administration of means and methods successfully turned to the preservation of the Union, he made hissecond inaugural salutation in the brevity of 283 words and a single I, as applied to one of the foremost statesmen and most generous humane and forgi¢ing natures in the distinguished line of American states- men. Andrew Johnson. over the si! Abrabam Lincoln. told the country of his plans of succession in 362 words and 15 I's. Ulysses 8. Grant, the great captain in the war for the preservation of the Union, gave his soldier notions of civic duty and administration in 1,139 words, and for freedom in the use of I ranked next to Lincoln's 43 by scoring up 39 uses of the individualizing integer in the pro- noun family. Upon his second appearance under similar circumstances, in disposing of questions of reconstruction and international ferences growing out of the war, he gave expression to his views in an address of 1,332 words, supported by 24 I's. Rutherford B. Hayes gave his views of national administration in 2.472 words and 16 Ts. i A respi canatlgpoa and filled on the salient points of public policy and part: expediency Siw oluar hester A. Arthur, the Apollo Belvedere of Presidents, took up the blood-stained mantel of Garfield and formulated a non-agcressive licy of administration anda reign of Chester- Biidike: social indulgences in the suecinet num- bers of 431 words and one IL. The democratic Presidents again came to the front in executive control in Grover Cleve- land, who told about Jeffersonian simplicity, civil-service, one term, financial whir! pools, silver breakers, and economic reform in 1.688 words, in which he modestly stood himself up im the form of the pronoun I but five times, ‘THE BIGGEST I in the eye of the American people just now is Benjamin Harr-I-son, second in family sueces- sion from W. H. Harr-I-son of Benjamin the elder, signer of the Declaration of Independ- ence, which begins with an I, the greatest I in the national vocabulary, and one whi.h the whole civilized and pagan world respects and dis- Ran- body of —_- ---e@e --_— -- Heroic Treatment for Toothache. Brom the Virginis City Chronicle. The following heroic treatment for tooth- it was | < | the wonderful natural situation of the pl THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON D.C., SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 16 1889, ACROSS COREA. From tho Sea of Japan to Seoul on Horseback. ‘TRE GREAT MONASTERY IN THE MOTNTAINS— BUILDINGS AND MONKS--A LONELY TRAVELER— CORKAN VILLAGES AND THEIR INHABITANTS — MOTEL. ACCOMMODATIONS—ARRIVAL AT SEOUL. | Fron Tre Sran’s Traveling Commissioner. Soc, Conka, October, 1888. | _ The great monastery in the mountains isone of ' those chosen and builtby a militant Corean sect | to serve, according to need, either as a retreat for the spirit or @ refuge for the body. The | monks themselves do not look very warlike, but the situation of the monastery is an almo | pregnable one, It can be reached by only one | | road, along steep stony path, in which “a thousand might weil be stopped by three;” be- | hind it on two sides are mountains of rock, and | on the fonrth it is secluded by a very deep and | precipitous ravine through’ which dashes a | | noisy torrent. e central buildings. on the | | edge of the ravine, are the sacred apartments | }of the king, and they are kept in_ perfect preservation and hourly readiness for his com- | in The morning after our arrival (to return to terrapted diary) I was waked by roars of unfamiliar laughter. Tracking the sounds. I upon Capt. Walker performing his ablu- | | tions in the midst of « hundred monks and de- | | lighting them at intervals with the narrative, | in excellent baritone, of how— jolly row downstairs!” Allround the group were the great heavy- eaved temples, through the open doors of which could be scen the solemn faces of squatting gilded gods, while already half a dozon priests were bending betore the altars with incense and drum. But some people have no rever- ence. Not that the monks themselves cared, for half an hour later I was startled by gun- shots close at hand, and discovered the irre- pressible navigator picking the pigeons off the roofs of the very temple in which worship was being offered, at the urgent request of the | crowd, who gathered up the dead birds with | the greatest etgerness, Yet we had been told that the Korean monks never ate flesh. INTERIOR OF RELIGIOUS BUILDINGS, All the buildings of An-pien are in the style to which the traveler so soon gets used to in | { the east—rectangular wooden structures with | high-peaked roofs and richly-carved curving eaves, generally with three doors at one side | and the chief idol facing the largest central entrance. Before him are sets of altar ut sils and little brass tallow lamps and joss-s' which the pions visitor purchases for a few cash and lights et his prayers. The walls are cov- ered with silk and brocade, mostly very old and time-stained; the ceiling is marvelously carved and gilded. perhaps a huge dragon ap- | pearing at one end and worming himself in and | out of the masses of ornament to the other: | and half a dozen gongs and drums inyite the | | hand of the too-willing pilgrim, The interior of these temples is tawdry, but the massivenc of the wooden architecture, its bright colors, picturesquely-contrived vistas of gate and gable | and colmmn and pavilion, takea together with | form an impressiv | The most curious si | ever. is four hu and romantic spectacle. ht in the monaste: hows | brilliantly painted | wood, carved with a good deal of appreciation ofthe heroic human face and form, which stare at one another across a from behind the bars of two great eages, a pair | | of war-gods being on one side anda king and a colossal mandolin) , vocabulary un- » to make, through Tr. a as to their ab- ical significance, THE HEAD-GEAR OF THE MONKS beggars description, and we held our sides | again and again asa new specimen emerged | from the dormitories. Hats of paper. of wood, of bamboo, of horsehair and of wire; hats | round, square, triangular, cylindrical, conical, and spherical; hats hike i . like a pumpkin, li per boat, like three three-cornered gridii ened together at the edges, half of them | affording not the slightest pretense of pre tion inst cold or rain or sun, but being ‘yinbols of sacerdotal rank or else sim- ply the offspring of a disordered creative im- agination. Every priest, too, carried or wore a rosary of red wooden beads, polished like crystal by ceaseless fingering. Itoid my inte my interprete: | stract theolog: juestion to the chief abbot in the Fence of ditty priests, and the hospitable and delightfal old gentleman instantly took off his own rosary bracelet of specially big beads, and handed it to me, saying: “They cannot be purchased; ‘this is a present,” Naturally before leaving I wished to make him some present in return, but ransacking my bag produced nothing whatever suitable. My re- volver or knife I could not spare, the old gen- tleman had already refused to taste whisky, and there appeared to be literally nothing to give him. I recollected, however, that I had bad some new silk pocket handkerchiefs made and embroidered in Japan. and one of these | presented with many airs and the explanation | (from the captain) that the monogram on the corner was “good joss” satistied him com- letely. For our entertainment we left a few jollars in the treasury, the amount, attested by our autographs, being solemnly and elabo- rately entered in the great ledger of the mon- astery, and when at noon we mounted our onies, a hundred of the white-robed much- atted priests, led by the venerable abbot him- self, came a little way down the hill with us to give us good-h ALONE IN THE HERMIT LAND. After an hour's ride the path split into two and the halt of our leader showed that the un- welcome moment of parting had come. Capt. Walker had to make all speed back to Gensan to take the Takachiko to sea again, and I had my week's journey before me. “Au revoir— somewhere,” said the captain, ‘and the best of luck,” as I gripped the hand of one of the most charming of companions, and we waved our hats to each other a few minutes till the hill- side separated us. By midnight he would be on board his good ship again—and I? It would be absurd to deny that I experienced a new sensation—a “travel- ler’s thrill’—at this moment. I had never been out of reach of white men before, and now I was at the beginning of a week’s ride across a country which a very few years ago was an utterly unknowa and “hermit” land, with six men of whom I knew nothing ver and with whom I eould have com- munication only through a very difficult lan- | guage which my “interpreter” knew little bet- ter than I did. and with not a white face be- tween me andthe Yellowsea. The new sensation comes, I fancy, from the first consciousness of the fact that all the protective and co-operative machinery of civilization has temporarily dis- appeared—that whatever happens one has nothing to count upon but one’s own health, one’s own wits, and if the worst comes, upon one’s own hand. For reflections of this kind, however, there is no antidote like a pipe, ani mine were soon intercepted for a consultation. There were two roads. I Cha Sam came up to say, the longer and better one to the left, the much shorter but mountainous one to the right. Which would I take? At this moment my chief desire was to get the trip over a8 soon as possi- ble, so I prompily chose the latter, and an hour later we were in the first pass, IN THE MOUNTAINS, For three hours we climbed steadily up the narrow pass and then through it. The road was merely a bridle path or the dry bed of a mountain stream strewn with stones of all sizes. But the ponies never slipped or even hesitated, and our little train wound along in single file without a moment's rest till ak jodelled, hundreds of The mapous sang and g about us all the time, i | magpies flew chatterinj big mangy old crows hopped alongside, and the rare passers either stopped and stared till I was out of sight or else looked on the other side and d pretending nottohave seen me. From 11 o'clock till 3:30 it was blazing hot and my helmet, with itstwo inches of solid ith, was none too thick. Then it began rapidly to grow chilly and long before dusk I had a fifens riding-coat buttoned Sy to my chin. How these Corean mapous and kisic ‘ooms and soldiers—manage to escape pleurisy and con- sumption I cannot imagine. Positively their only garments are a short loose jacket without any fastening down the a short, loose pair of trousers,’ both of thin white cotton cloth. As the man walks at my pony’s head in the evening he shivers till —_ hear = teeth saatiee, Yet less than two hours ago he was we' with ‘i= San bisaet ssteeseee roe what to an extensive platean and in the dis- tance we can hear the dogs of a village. As we enter it they range themselves in a snap- pine yelping band at our heels and from evei low door-way an inhabitant crawls out to look atus. Any one who likes to be conspicuous —— to ee for the ek of utter, overw! ; Speechless surprise t passes over cach fans bel come in it is wonder- fully flattering to one’s vanity. Asa pire ee whe Py face ae immediate! door is hastily and silently closed, suppose lest my official attendants should de- mand the which every Corean householder is give. 4 COREAN VILLAGR, | Was the regular Corean hotel and that I had {fore 1 could begin to sharpen a narrew passage | | and more traveled road. ie | mile or two ahead of my | never seen a white man before, for only three , Prichard of the Ssth, went by the longer thirty miserable thatched dwellings hardly de- serve the name--we came toa halt and I Cha Sam approached. “What is it?” I ask him, ad he replies with * single Japanese word, We will sleep.” 1 looked at the house before think about during the lonely hour between dinner and sleep, when instead of be- Be hundred miles from a white face they are a thousand. when instead of a day or two divid- ing them from civilization they inust be alone Beach, Brighton Beach and Coney Island. into one front public park. If this ia done there will be no city in the world possessing such magnificent parks as New York, and in thirty _. there will be no city ia the world with a Th ‘ for months ond years, and when the revolver ‘Ser population that the combined Bid not beset panes bare uae test oeeee | wader thete hand Gay awd night is there from | Cities, the sewrentraie ting nwa teomeees too much. "A big tumbleddone healt theca | necessity and not from nerves. Tam inclined | If New York how hasa population, of 1,600,000, Wovel warrounding a ytrde all "around | € think wo do not quite appreciate them ot we ostimated. and Brooklyn 800,000, rnak- this, stalls for ponies and bullocka: in the mid- | OWsht. For my own part, die « huge cesspool surmounted by a dung- hill. in which horrible biack sows were root- ing; opposite to the entrance the two rooms in which the dozen members of the family lived and had their domestic being, and « large guest-chamber on one side for my men, and on the other, exactly fronting the ‘most fragrant corner of the dung-hill, a smailer one for my- self, TCha Sam flung open the door—about two feet by three—and bowed me in, The floor was of hammered earth; the walls were mud, covered in spots with very dirty pever: the materinl of the ceiling was concealed by the dirt und emoke of generations and tapestried with spider's webs. At first, course. Iwas highly indignant with Sam bringing me to such a vile hole, bat from look of genuine surprise on his hands placid countenance { soon gethered that the chief crops grown in the Corea are rice, millet, red peppers, beans ‘or the people. thing to an inexp rich in minerals, of land which tarns for eult rt ¢ nd th not great The country is miserably much e th nothing else to expect. ‘Therefore 1 nccepte< the inevitable with wh could, and with ged De aloe oe ore - o self, my beg, Thi 5 provision boxes into the room. Then « of any imagi ering battleme | inexorably soup, half a pound of corned beef, two bowls of tea, a nip pour tur le rer. a pipe. a few pages of diary, and sleep—theoreticaliy. DIRT AND COCKROACHES. My Corean trip has taught me at least two things, First, that cur supposed instinctive} dislike to being persoually dirty is bosh—zaerely @ matter of local convention, At home I am as unhappy as the next man if I eannot > notice morning or eveni: ur hours of Corea I regarde: pt just a swish of one’s face and hands, as an artificial virtue, and when I foand that there was no clean place anywhere on hich to lay my coat if I took it off. I just kept nm. In fact, I kept it on for five days. And. whether it was the novelty or the old Adam, I 2 on a big stone morning broke and the country market lifted the corner of th rag and sa tun ‘Then | the city and Mr. C ‘ord, her majest, most hospitable consul, met me at his gate gorgeous pijamas, n the bre 0 to a tired and hungry and pai traveler, Henry Norman. o of civil BE nae don't know, but by and by I gre r proud FROM NEW YORK. ot being distinctly and indisputably dirty. ‘The | es danghil i, of course, did not come $o xeonta | How the Metropolis May Equal London mend itself to me as a bed-room wees a balcony; but that, unhappily, was but a in Size in Thirty Years. speck compared with l I will not describe. rep jater experiences which ‘Tho second thing is that ance to certain ani ls is a foolivh ple shonld imme- jensan [loathed | le Tonthing— | n my boot. o- day Teare no more for cockroach than tor a} Cotrespondence of Tax Stan. York, Feb. 15. Ne Bvery winter for I don't know how many cat. Every room I oceupied in Corea was fall of them—titerally full, hundreds and thousands and tens of thonsands. ‘The first night v: horrible with them, and sleep, as Is war going on 1 the news theoretical only. but after that [used to pick | with awful accounts of its battlea perhaps, but } Sheet ont of Horio pity Caloeamiareeess| CaN has nevertheless had some hard fought candle till the floor shone. ail over trom | if bloodless struggles distinguished for shro: their pretty polished backs, it generalship and many strategie and valiant | put a sheet of paper on the maneuvers. ‘The war isa pure twenty of them would start sarv andhas been a “petticoat fig the men rarely taking any throng! tive part third night in Corea was the on wasted. My quarters were even worse, and | besides the cockroaches there was an army of | rata, ey ran over my feet the moment my misses, ‘1 ; noment for the first time in the annals HOME MATTERS. candle was out; they ran over my body, af Migere sretofore e =e crunched at my sugar, they seampered over ms 2 —— ae ren : nae sa the | neciprs AND HOUSEHOLD SUGGESTIONS For PRAC- bag. till at last I gave in, lighted the candle | belles of all tho great balls have been | qicat HOUSEKERPERS—HINTS FOR THE PARLOR, again and read all night. As my only book | the young married women, They have monopo- RITCHEN < Sasi And, Zeal all ight At may Only book |e yuu disa bent eere Wier berer cok DINING-ROOM AND KITCHEN—LITTLE THINGS lr Corean chownak or inn’ was es T have | S#lves talked 3 » have grat ee sometimes a little better, once or | 442 all the most prominent positions. : = : have fared better if Ihad chosen the longer P"*™acy ove the season, Th year the tables have bee TH PEOPLE OF THE COUNTRY S ® " rage. The young matrons have plied all their - p varied very much. ‘Iwo villages out of three weapons of venturesome boldness, aggressive Sur Mapr or Brown Svuaan, with a pint of were very friendly, highly inquisitive and easily ty and frisky daring, but simple, modest | hickory tea to three pounds of sugar, is a good ind fresimess have won the da: moved to laughter. The third was generally — : the married belles are inconsola Craeattxe FLaxes,—Boil'a pint of new milk, suilen and its inhabitants would not come nesr | the first Patrianche’ they felt umec C bg co ort me, would not reply to the greeting of the |i f= ct ocean thicken with cerealine flakes, country a ni cutesio!” “How is | Pitnoe ti inca, bck the oun | serve with sugar, eream and nutmeg. your h ” and would noteven return | fhtre” wo < rlaid it to the | SaLv Witt Ccrpur New Mix; hence in pre- a friendly nod. ‘More than half the time I roun “salad period” of the knight and better discriminating Charity and the following same ‘predilection beauty was exhibited, and there ed, and iy chief amusement was to get a avan and entera vil- y myself, walk inthe middle of it and scat If caimly on somebody's doorstep as if I perfectly at home. The stupefacti he natives was delicious. Probably th balls, ydoubt of the conquest made by maidens, women, pelled to whist! or four have ever crossed Corea, and at least two of these—Colonel Anderson and Lieut. le for attention or fall and better ronte. Firat they would | ‘8eouraging thing imaginable, stare from a long distance, then they ; * ; would drive off the dogs: then some patriarch |. Thereis no more fun ‘ut the big masked balls in New York. too prim and puritanical. would approach eautiously and hazard a ques- tion. I would reply with a few lines from Ham- let or Paradise Lost, whereupon they would all laugh, Then one would remove his long pipe from his mouth and offer it to me, and though the couftesy was neither accepted nor returned, it sufficed to break the ic Invariably they would begin by feeling of my clothes, and the different textures of these filled them, know- ing nothing but the calico which is their sole wear, with infinite amazement. Es- ecially the corduroy of my riding- reeches pleased them, and they would send to the other end of the village for an old man to come and feel of it. Then if they were amiable I would give them a little entertain- ment, consisting of opening my watch ease by blowing on it. turning out my pockets for their inspection, doing a few tricks with coins, making cat's cradles with string, striking matches, and other such infantile perform- firing my revolver as a grand finale. ildish and ignorant in the extreme they were, knowing less of the outside world than a Digger Indian. COREAN POVERTY. Poor, too, beyond telling. I believe that ten dollars would have bought everything (except the crops) that I saw exposed for sale in hun- dreds of shops from the time I left Gensan till Istruck Seoul. The men were well built as a rule and fairly well-featured, but I did not see asingle woman or girl during my trip who could have beencalled even moderately good- looking. ‘The daily labor in the fields or at the millet-mill is too hard for that, and the women are even more beasts of burden than the men. One or two men I saw most horribly diseased with some kind of scabby elephantiasis, and one of these bothered me not alittle by comin, and poking his head over my shoulder while E was taking photographs, Only twice was there the least sign of hostility. Ouce in the middle of the night some sneak-thieves came to my room, but I happened to be ly Fi a can-cans and things as formerly, York rea chus: and where it is ground for divorce after nine. of the French ba ing, with eyes bi lungs lusty with and ughter companied b: from the “‘ladie: ail your life. ‘And when big about with clubs rampant an chuck a pretty gy veution to have fun, awake smoking in the — dark, ere eetnased, dollars, heard them coming. 80 when with great atealth they had got the door half open, I struck # match, when they shut it with a bang and scuttled like rats. On the other occasion I started out to investigate a big village in the are going to make a big fuss about it, dark and finally got surrounded by a rather fi . unpleasant and unfriendly crowd, who were gradually edgi the street in the di- tion I did not want to go. But luckily I Cha Sam had discovered my absence and set out to look for me, and his commanding tongue soon put matters straight. During the first two days I was greatly annoyed by my mapons, whom I could not get along at all. At the midday halt they would lie about for a couple of hours, in the morning it was two or three hours after we were all up before I could get them to start. HOW TO HURRY. On the third morning I lost my temper and going into their room I kicked them one after the other into the yard. This was evidently what they expected, for they got to work im- mediately. Unless they were kicked they could not believe the hurry was real. Afterward, b: imilar procedure, I started whenever wished. At first, in the Heke I tried to learn something by inviting the inn-keeper and an old inhabitant or two, with the in: preter, into my room, and regaling them with weak whisky and water and biscuits. But they expressed their appreciation in the native manner by such horrible Le pane ee h and would “spit refreshingly around,” as Pendennis says, to such an extent, that I was compelled to decline to receive callers, My official kisious were of little use and lazy as lobsters. My camera was injured by being jolted on pony-back, so I told one of these that would give him a dollar—a fortnight’s wages —if he would bring it safe to Seoul for me. jumped at the offer, carried it for about a mile, then s1 at a house and shouted the 'm_ chim ” “Carry stage!” The householder hastened to obey, for a eee in my former letter, any was of my escort) has a process was repeated every few miles, and so my camera was borne by hand the Hermit joa rescinded, + and the measure will receive such support, am assured, as will make it a law. yet been made public. never ys any p in ear city. It is easy to tell itis difficult to punisl taxes in both cities. ‘is habit ha: in seekit lan was quietly talked over with Foians nent that the bill was sion to the present ee ulation now every quarter of evident that Brooklyn will ere omg formidable rival the metropo! Within a very short time to come a new bridge cor Nev lyn at wells THE COUNTRY, nels will As regards the country itself it was far more | Brookly ned to reflect how good it would be to sit again in the midst of the old faces in the club, or to drop into a stali at the Lyceum, or to hsten once more to “Qiallez tous faire si loin de nous?” Tmt tastes differ, and I wander. ‘lo hark back, therefore. interior of and the second of these much redominating and furnishing the staple food So far as appearances tell any- Corea onght to be vainly plenty s. fe industries were few and far betweon—a little spmaing and a little primitive weaving of cotton clota. pr at present, for will support or the surplus, and me, is into the pocket of were not a little | ireak we rode into | "s d the bath and 5 ion rticularly dirty : social onc, | {9% on Sixth avenue and a dozen more in This season the war between the young maidens and the young matrons has been won by the the debntantes and the buds of turned. The rosebud girls have become the and s andawaited other for innocence and fresh n no longe Itis rough on the young married To sit as a wall-flower and be com- back for it upon one’s husband is the most dreary and The town is growing altogether I went to the great French ball to rollick in mad Parisian and after yawning and nodding for four mortal hours ina box waiting for something to hap- pen, I followed the last crowd of grumbling rounders out into Broudway at 3 o'clock in the morning, wonderiug whether this was New and truly, or whether, perchance, Imightn’t have got into Dorchester, Massa. is, or Laconia, New Hampshire, where they ring a curfew every night at 8 o'clock, a luckless husband or wife stays out o’doors In former years dress-coated gal- lants and ‘tight-trim ladies fair had burst out lat five or six in the morn- liant and cheeks rosy and shout; this time they actually sneaked ont as if ashamed. at two and three o'clock, sour-visaged, surly sullen swells, muttering impotent oaths, ac n occasional audible “d—* “No wine after 1 o'clock” is what did it. When you go to a ball at 12 o'clock, the hour of arrival affected by the thoroughbreds of the town, you can’t get frisky enough by 1 to last you till morning. if your life depended on it. It takes a remittent but faithful application to the champagne basket for two or three hours, at least, to get you into the proper mood for the can-can and for fraternizing and making free with everybody else as if you'd loved them olicemen stalk clubs pendant and arrest you if you so much as attempt to ‘y under the chin (when you know she wants to be chucked, too), you might as well go to a missionary society's con- ‘ at the Leiderkranz masquerade things were as bad as at the French ball in this respect, and that society was consequently behind sev- The members of the latter organization—some of the richest and most influential Germans in New York—are so mad about the police interference that they If the police restriction of fun and frolic endures another year neither the Cercle de ' Harmonie nor the Leiderkranz will give another ball. The Arion, whose masked ball is yet to come. threatens to hold it over in Jersey or on a g pontoon of barges out at sea, if the police orders against selling wine are not Very likely by another St. Valentine's day the two greatest cities of this country, New York and Brooklyn, will be under one municipal government. A bill will be introduced with this end in view in the state senate next week, The real motive at the bottom of this movement has not For many years there ave been millions of dollars lost to the cities of New York and Brooklyn by the non-payment of personal taxes. A resident of Brooklyn by night who does business in New York by day ersonal tax, the officials say, assessor in either city that you are taxed for all your personal property in the other town, and ‘ou for thus evading 8 become such a confirmed one among New York business men living in Brooklyn that the tax and other officials put their heads together over it, and a method of doing away with this evil they hit upon the scheme of uniting New York county and King’s county into one. The hi- and its advantages were made so peut pared for submis- gislature, and As- semblyman Creamer was chosen to introduce there will be w York and Brook- 400.000 all, and it doubles in the next thirty years as the last twenty- five, ‘London's 4,000,000 -—_ population, which does not increase in a_ ratio at all comparable to New York's, will make her the second city in size on the globe instead of the first. If the consolidation of the two cities is effected there will doubtless be a new name chosen for the combined city, and it is 3 posed to drop both New York and Brooklyn wad let the good ancient Dutch name of Man- | hattan cover the whole grand aggregation. * The sports and toughs of this town had a notion last November that in electing Hugh J. Grant mayor over Abram 8. Hewitt they were insuring an time for the more or less worthy imen and women who turn a penny by keeping what are known as “dives,” Mayor Hewitt closed up a lot of these resorts, but a ant was a “young feller who liked | ” the toughs ‘said. and consequently zd music would flourish together, the could grow fat and sleek undistarbed m lair, “and ting houses of all an era of un- Just now the sports and lubbiag themselves with downright failure of their h hey Grant as.“one of de | nd the Hon, Hugh 8. Grant as mayor of | w York are two entirely different person- 8. Mayor Grant has followed in the foot- yor Hewitt with uncompromising d ut up Billy McGlory’s place im- iately after the scarlet bail of which I wrote you New Years; he has sent warnings to the pool rooms to close up. and they have closed, and he has refused to entertain eppli- cations Zor liberal constructions of the liquor | law in relation to Sunday selling and selli t public balis, But there’ are still any quantity | of gambling houses in the eity that are yet to jfeel the mayor's power and inclination. I never could find out why the greatest gamb- ling hell of New York, Incated on Broadway, should have been allowed to run unmolested | for certainly ten ye: my own tiemory and knowledge. “It has ruined many a young | man, aided the devil to counsel embezzlement, breaches of trust and thievery, and yet it has stood impregnable for years. The house it occupies is a big “brown-stone front dwelling right in the busiest business portion of Broadway, not a stone's throw from Graco church, and it has the wppearance of the i ce of some wealthy old New htly closed shutters and strong m door giving the impression to strangers at it is temporarily left by its occupant in "ge of the servants, pi . Tean point he should desire. four Hugh th in f the town, which are us well | frequenter of the lobbies of the | ¢ the hotels themselves. | H. H. Sorze, big hotels as see is best to lay in a large supply. Warer and soda will remove ma- grease from washable fabrics, n substitute for maple sirup, paring milk porridge, gravies, ete.. the salt should not be added until the dish is prepared, To Arnest Hiccovon Dresch directs that both ears be closed with the fingers, with taken. To Prorect Crrpren’s CLorarne from fire, add one ounce of alum to the last water used in ringing clothes. This renders them unin- flammable. CELERY ’SaLap.—Chop three heads of celery, spriukle with salt. Toa quart of celery adda pint, of mayonnaise, Garnish with rings of ard-boiled eggs. To Remove Ink Starxs from boards, use strong muriatic acid or spirits of salt. Apply with a piece of cloth, and then wash thor- oughly with water. For Earacne.—If a child is suffering from earache, lay upon the ear a flannel bag, stuffed with hops and wrung from hot vinegar. It will speedily give relief. Frowers are pinned to the curtains, or jauntily fastened to the lambrequin, and, in fact, everywhere that dainty fingers can place them with an eye to effect. A Paste made of fine oatmeal and glycerine is recommended as a skin beautifier; it is ap- plied at night, and a mask of cotton cloth worn over the face to keep it on. RusstaN Cream.—Boil an ounce of gelatine in three pints of milk, add the beaten yelks of five eggs and half a pound of sugar; mix and let heat. Strain and set on ice; flavor with extract of orange. To CLEaNse Porcetars Savce-Pass fill them haif full of hot water and put in the water a tablespoonful of powdered borax and let it boil. If this does not remove all the stains, | scour well with a cloth rubbed with soap and borax. | A Smrte anp ExceLrent Preventive of dampness and mildew in book-cases and linen | closets will be found in a small quantity of quicklime placed on a saucer or in an open Dox in any recess where there is a probability | of mustiness. It should be renewed as often as it becomes slaked. Ivexrenstve Frert-cake.—One cup of but- ter, one of brown sugar, one of black molasses, three of browned flour, six eggs, two teaspoon- fuls of ‘baking powder. Add half a pound of raisins, a half pound of currants, a fourth of a pound of citron, and ground cloves, cinnamon, mace, allspice, and nutmeg, a half teaspoonful of each. Best LavXpny Porist.—One part paraffine wax; two parts white wax; melt together and use a piece of the size of a hazeinut to each | pint of boiled starch. A piece of sandpaper } on which to rub the irons is a great help, also a piece of wax ina rag to rub the iron, in case if | phers, travelers, historians, &e. | author and teacher. | Litera | intendent of pub boil one minute, | Ainsworth R. Spofford. libra | sow: pressure, while a few swallows of liquid are | poses and place of each kind of work don TALKS OF TEACHERS. Superintendent Powell Describes the Grade Meetings. WHAT IS INTENDED TO BE ACCOMPLISHED —LEC- TURES TO THE TEACHERS—cOMPARISON OF METHODS AND EXHIBITIONS @F RESULTS—Tae REPORT TO THE SCHOOL BOAKD. Supt. W. B. Powell of the prblic schools, os stated in Tur Stax, has reported at length in response to a resolution of the schoo! board, on the subject of teacher's or grade meetings. In | this report Mr. Powell describes the character and purpose of these meetings of teachers as | follows: Our teachers’ meetings are of five classes: | | First. Meetings of the supervising corps. At these are considered and discussed, with much freedom and detail, the objects and aims or purposes of the taught, each ai ferent branches of study thereof being considered at length for purpose of discovering th essentials therein and for eliminating ail necessary and burdening det of the schools; the progress 1 each of the considered subjex as well as helps or hindrance: The success of teachers, vidually, comperisons schools in arts thereof; dvancement, yand indi- | to future work in Physical condi- | supervision, | tions of the schools. inclndi: 1 col ct of children, condu: methods of discipline, their effects on the moral nature of the child and on the moral tone of the school. The condition of school- buildings, schocl-rooms, closets. play-grounds, and other appurtenances, including ventila- tion, heating, ete. The value of helps to bet- ter teaching. as objects of invest aps, charts, and other books, gation, and for iliustratration, | It will be seen that the judgment and expe- rience of the entire supervising corps is brought to bear upon each and every one of these sub- | jects. as well as others not enumerated. This part of the work of supervision is at all times methodical and definite in its purpose. By direction of the superintendent, the super- visors examine some unit of the school work, as the entire work of a grade or the work done in a given branch of study in one or more grades, or the conditions of houses and ap- purtenances, and make a report of the results of their investigations, at a specified time, when the considerations and conclusions pre- sented are discussed. respectively. hese | meetings are under the direction of the super- intendent. TALKS TO TEACHERS, The second class of teachers’ meetings is for | the purpose of adding to the information of teachers and broadening the view of their At these meetings lectures are given by istinguished in their professions, special ists in the lines of work of the school: geogra- ! Perhaps I cannot better show the purpose of this class of meetings than to give an outline | of a series to begin this week: j The subject of music will be presented by Mr. It. E; Holt, of Boston, a distinguished | A course of university lectures on the his- tory of the United States will be given as fol- low: i i ¥ Major J. W. Pow- of geography and the * by Prof. H. B. Adams, iversity; “Capt. John by of Johns Hoy federation.” by Prof. J. A. s Hopkins universit quest and organization of the northwest. F. J. Terner, of Johns Hopkis ~Formation of the American Unio Albion Small, of Johus Hopkins universit Early Colonial Customs,” by Edward Egele: he Rise and Progress of American are,” by F nes McAllister, ° schools, Phiade cted in the fut an of Congres “Forms end Units of Goverument,” by Super- intendent W. B. Powell A syllabus cf each le: ogr: (subject to be se! ibli- | ure, including : ¥ and some specimen from an original e of information, will be furnished the teachers at the beginning of cach meeting. j TALKS BY TEACHERS, The third class of meetings is that of the teachers, by grades, at which a free discussion of the school is invited, the “object being to have the teachers get a clear ¢ibtt of the jour- the grades, as understood by the super corps. At these mectings the special t of music and drawing present their subj respectively. The design of these meetings is not to give the teachers methods of instruc- tion. It is not enough, for instance, for a teacher to know that she is to teach North America in geography, as that subject is almost without limit: not enough that the teacher is to know that she must teach the settlement of America, as that also, when studied in detail, is almost limitless, These meetings are for the purpose of prese ing to and discussing with the teachers the subjects taught in their grades, the essentials Gat chould be taught, the order of their pre- sentation. and the relative values of the same. A knowledge of the proper sequence of topics, psychologically considered. is of vastly more importance in teaching than methods of hear- ing recitations, considered solely as methods, | This sequence cannot be understood without a pertuct Kanu toaige of the parts that make the whole and their relative importance. Such | meetings can be but most profitable in their effects upon the schoo! has charge of these mectings. COMPARING METHODS. The fourth class of meetings, for which the teachers have been prepared by the other meetings, is that in which methods are pre sented. The teachers of one grade in a divis~ | ion, sometimes the entire District, are brought together to witness a specimen lesson by a | teacher of that grade. Each lesson is given |ateacher to the pupils of her own school, or | 4 by a normal school teacher, in the presence of | the assembled teachers of the grade, after which the lesson is freely criticised. The crit- icisms are followed by suggestions from the person in charge of the meeting, who may be the superintendent, the supervising principal, the principal of the normal school, or one of the special teachers. Many valuable lessons have been given by the normal school corps, These have generally been given to all the teachers of an indicated grade in the entire schools, and have been confined mainly to the first, second and third grades. EXHIBITING RESULTS. The fifth class of teachers’ meetings is that in which results are shown. Exhibits, usually restricted to the representation of the work of a single grade, are made. Here the individu- ality, intelligence, enterprise and methods of the teacher are shown in such a way as to be studied with profit. Here, too, are found the interpretations by each teacher in the grade of the and plans of the the starch should stick. Pretty Featser Rvas are made of downy turkey feathers with the quill taken out, which are sewn to burlaps or any other firm material. The feathers may be dyed any desired shade, although it is doubtful whether any improve- ment can be made upon their natural delicate cream and mouse-colored shades. To Make Tue Frenca Disu, “‘potatoes a la maitre d’hotel,” boil the potatoes and peel them, cut them into slices, and then put them into a stewpan with fresh butter, ley and cives chopped up; salt, pepper, and a dash of vinegar; warm them up and serve; in place of butter oil may be used; if the potat are yery small they need not be sliced in the re- cipes where slicing is directed. A Very Uservut Creerine Aprox may be made by taking an ordinary apron sufficiently long to reach the length of the dress and then up again to the waist, where it is fastened by means of a drawing-string run into the hem, acomplete bag and affords ample for the dress and skirts, so that when baby gets tired of the floor and you wish to take him up, his garments are found quite unsoiled. Onrance SxowBatts.—Take out the unhusked grains and wash well half a pound of rice; put it into plenty of water and boil itrather quickly for 10 minutes; drain and let it cool. Pare four large or five small‘oranges, and clear from them entirely the thick, white inner skin; the rice in as many equal portions as re are oranges upon some pudding or = cloths; tie them se] ly in these, il the snowballs for an hour and a them carefully on to a dish, and strew of sifted sugar over them, I i é t F uf f work as “et forth in all yee ae meetings. For unifying and broadeni: e work of the schools these meeti recy fond especially valuable in the work of lish com- position, geography. history, music, manual training, sewing and cooking. Teachers are prepared by all the instrumentolities of super- vision to examine and profit by these exhibits. None of the meetings herein referred to are of longer duration than an hour and achalt ex, cept those of the supervising corps. lost of con are held the last hour of the school day. That the teachers may attend them it has been el to hold for that day one session only of the schools whose teachers are expected to be present. THE ATTENDANCE COMPULSORY, The attendance of these meetings is sory. They are considered as much a part of a teacher's duty as class work. The absence of teachers has been inconsiderable, The value of teachers’ the work of the school; to : f i The superintendent | T' __ HOUSEFURNISITIN( Wau Parens, Daarenms, MOUSE AND FRESCO PALNTING. REX FURNITURE POLISH THE P. ANSON MISS MANUFACTURING oa, S15 15th at, aw, + Cartes st, atm A full line of GAB COOKING STOVES On band aud for sae WASHINGTON GASLIGHT COMPANY, RAILROADS. PEP*ONT A axe edule in efter Pebrnery 10th, 18RD 7 it Warr ate, New ¥ tomers » nid Mani as md C tou Weshing nto New aus Via Atlanta gomery, Pullman Sleeper Wasuiugtou to Aurusta, Ga. without chande. ‘Traine on Washinton and Ohie divis ington 9:00 A.M. Daily «: nt pully: arrive Round Round Hili ‘pigunday ; omnes, and 4? Pawsenyer « Railroad, uth and B sts. , AND SOUTH ST, MENT. DID SCENEE LFICENT ul Cary HOt TSNu. OM ray nited Rupress cf i mi. dtaily Pat t from Pittayane to St. tu Cars te For Brov ey City with b iyn, N. For, Baltinor 2:00, and “11:40 4:40. 6:00, 7 PREDERICKSE DRIA AND W 120, 4 endl press, daily, 5 annati, ind expr aay m5 Indian tween Washington and 1 00, 6:40, 8-30 a.m. 12-10, andays, 8:30 au. ol ii. 64 $00.9 3. 4 pan. Leave Aw im, Sundays, he Metropolitan Branch, 16.34, Principal stations ouly 0 a4 cer ma tie For Bo 110-00 p2 Church ‘train leaves Washington on Sunday at }. 15 ie stopping at all stations on letropoliten ‘or Frederick, t10:10a.m., 14:35, 15:30pm. Sun- ps, 121.5 p.m. or Hagerstown, t10:10a.m..and t5:3 ‘Trains arrive Chicago daily 8. P.1.; from Cincinnati und St. Louis and"1:55 pam.; from mary *S *:35 pam. PHILADELPHIA DIVISION. For Philadelphia and Wilminetony dal D3, 4 11:30 p. Buffet Parior 0 1 For CHAS. 0. SCULL, Gen. Pass. Agent. ————— ————— —_ POTOMAC RIVER BOATS. Me YEBNos STEAMER W. W. CORCORAN Leaves Ttnsstreet wnt dally esrert Senday) for Mk Vernon and River Landings as far dows s» Glymont, $410 glock am. “Returning, reaches Washington a LL. BLAKE, Captain. VEK LAN as URDATS ctf a mm Meturaing TUESDAYS apd SUNDAYS p.m, touching at River POTOMAC KI NEW IKON 5° ves and 5A! FRIDA Cor: Coxe: Woon: JOHNSON BROTHERS, ‘Wharves and Rail yards, 12th & Water sta. Southwest.