Evening Star Newspaper, February 26, 1887, Page 2

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON, D.C., SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1887-DOUBLE SHEET. f é CITY AND_ DISTRICT. THE NEWSHOYS AID SOCIETY. An Effort to be Wade to Establish a “Home.” At the Christian convention on Washington's Birthday in the room of the Central Union mis- ston the following report from the Newsboys and Children’s Aid ty was rendered: “In faith Of the adage that ‘an onnce of/prevention is worth & pound of cure, ‘ewsboys and Children’s Aid Society was organized an‘ is now tncorporated for the purpose of sa neglected children of ‘the city, Who otherwise drift into channels of vice | and crime. In proportion to success in this effort ‘will be the lessening of expense for reformatories fall kinds and penal institutions, to say nothing ofthe misery, the sorrow and regret of wasted lives, ‘The result thus far has been the establishment through our efforts of the free night schools, the maintenance at Howard univ of classes who are taught carpentering, tafloring, shoe-making amd other branches of Ind atning, and the procurement of hor ment for nearly ‘one hundred childre he agent in the employ of the soe: By dividing the city into stctions and appoint. ing visitors for each section, we hope to have such surveillance of neglected ciitidrea a3 will enable | US to prevent them from going astray, by finding | homes for the homeless snd employment for the | idle, and surrounds by such tnfluences as shall Keep them ri We have come Sota golem fun attractive iree pool room | tory for tempo- | il jce-Foom for OUr . We have a: gress to co-operate citizens of the District Dy an appropriation of a sufficient sui of money to secure to us this dome.” A Colored Man Who Does Not Want to Sacrifice Himself to Science. ‘There are stil! many iguorant colored people in Washington who are firm believers in “night doc- | tors.” Everyone of this class imagines that when out at night he is in danger of having a heavy band laid on his shoulder, a wide, strong plaster suddenly clapped over his mouth, and being car- Tied bodily to a neighboring dissecting room to be cut to pieces for the benefit of science before the breath is out of his bocy. One of the most per- sistent In this belief is a colored laborer In the ‘War departmen*. He will not listen to reason and nothing can shake his conviction. When through work he goes straight to his home, not to emerge until the next day. Nothing will induce him to stay out after dark. He is a strange mix- ture of ignorance, native shrewdness and good humor. The latter characteristic lasts only during daylight, however, and his best friet keep ‘shy of him after dark, for they know well that he would not hesitate to commit murder if he imagined he was in danger of becoming a cadaver for the dissecting room. Hence, no practical jokes are played upon Lim. Sometiihe ago a Stak reporter interviewed im upon his bellef and his strange but imaginary periences. From that ime the Stak man has Deen strongiy suspected of being “one of ‘em,”and has always been treated with the greatest respect. It was not sufMicient for his colored acquaintance Yo lift his well-worn cap, but _he must needs make a plantation obeisance, scraping his number eleven, ‘shoe along the tessalated floor of the corridor. The other day THE STak reporter ran across him as he was unloading a truck of firewood in one of the ‘War department corridors. The reporter stopped for a little chat, hoping to draw him out upon the topte uppermost in bis mind, Mueb to his sur- ise he found that he himsels was the party to be terviewed. “Good morning.” said Tux Stax man, “where have you been this long time?” “13 you bin a huntin’ fur me?” he asked in reply, ‘@ suspicious glance. “No indeed. But uot having seen you lately I thought you it be si CNG, Boss, Tain’ bin actly sick, but kind o° onhitched my back, Yankin’ dis yer truck o’ wood upa’cline. Hit seemed like it bruk de back bone, but bit’s comin’ long so-so, tank de Lord.” Here- upon the speaker's expression changed from cl acteristic good humor to gio suspicion. Propping. the stick of wood which he was hand- ling, OLD TIME WASHINGTON, Leaves from the Diary of the Late Nicholas Callan. THE CITY IX 18 EARLY DAYS—ITS SPRINGS, MARKETS, FIRE DEPARTMENT, BANKS, &¢.—THE RECEPTION TO GEN. JACKSON AND THR AQUEDUCT (CEREMONIES. Through the courtesy of Dr. Cornelius V. N. Cal- lan, son of the late Nicholas Callan} a Star re- porter has been allowed to look over the diary and manuscripts left by his father. These papers con- tain some interesting reminiscences of the early days of the city. Mr. Callan was seventy-nine years of age when he died, a few months ago, and had passed all of hts long life in this city. He was born on F street; he lived there almost continu- ously during his whole life, and he died there, His business brought him into contact with men and identified him with many of the public events 1n the history of the city. For many years he was notary public and commissioner of deeds for the different states, and for fourteen years he was a member of the clty counefl. During the past forty Years he kept a diary, but he used it more as a record of dates than events, relying for the latter upon a memory which was ‘remarkably clear and exact even in his last days, Much that was ex- tremely valuable tn connection with the history of the city died with him, and the dlary whic he left behind has more of a ‘personal than public value. From entries scavtered here and supplemented by some manuscript sketches, the following reminiscences have been collected: HIS FATHER'S COMING TO WASHIXGTON. My father, who participated in the Irish re- dellion, was held as a prisoner of war in his native town of Dundock, but having been educated as @ surveyor, and being an excellent clerk, he was allowed some liberties. With one of his daughters he made his escape. and coming to this country settled at Trenton, N, J., in 1803. He had known Thomas Hurty in the old country, and knew that he Was somewhere in America, and finally learned that he was in Washington. Father wrote to Mr. Hurty stating his circumstances, and in reply was informed by Mr. Hurty that he had a position as a School teacher for hin if he would accept. This was agreeable to my father, and he came here in 1805, and took the position 6f assistant teacher in Richard White's academy, which was located on the corner of 17th and I ‘st where the resi- dence of Judge Cox is now located. There was then a large frame school house there. ‘In Decem- ber, 1806, father opened a private school on F street, between 11th and 12th streets, in tue house Which Is still standing, and 1s owned by Dr. Toner. Here I was born. Father kept school there untii 1809, when he moved to the house where I now live, 1432 F street. He continued his school until after the war of 1812, when he accepted an office under the government. AFTER THE CITY WAS BURNED. Very soon after the invasion of the city by the British, President Madison convened Congress in extra session, which was held in the building known as Blodgett’s hotel, then standing on the Spot where the general post office bullding now stands. ‘This building and the grounds surround- ing {t had been purehased by the United States for the use of the patent office and the general post office as well as for a city post office. ~ At this ses Sion Congress, after considerable, discussion or dered the Febullding. of all the public butidings and decided that the city should continue to be the permanent seat of government. Some of the enterprising citizens of the District erected on Capitol Hilf'a building and rented it to the gov- ernment and these the two Houses met until proper accommodations were furnished in the capitol. In this Duliding, which in later years was known as the Old Capitol, Mr. Monroe was inaugurated President and after the inaugural ceremonies he mounted @ temporary platform which had been erected in the capitol enclosure and there pro- hounced his inaugural address in the presence of many thousands of his fellow citizens. Mr. Jeffer- son, Mr. Madison, Mr. Monroe and Mr. John Quincy Adams in this city at the time they were clected to the Presidential office. When Gen. Jackson was elected he was at his home, the Her- mitage, in Tennessee. A RECEPTION TO GEN. JACKSON. In the month of February, 1829, Gen. Jackson started from his home for this city. His numerous friends were determined to give him a public re- ception upon his entrance into the District. They therefore watched his progress. Finally it was Teported that he had arrived at Fredericktown, in Maryland. Nothing further was heard from litm and there was considerable doubt as to his move- ments. His friend, John H. Eaton, who was a Senator from Tenn learned tliat he would turned a searching glance upon THE STAR | reach Rockville on the 20th, and keeping his own man and slowly muttered: “Hit ‘pears mighty | counsel, he went to that village in a private con- sup’stitous dat You 140 consarned ‘bout me. Whar | Seyancé, and there. meet was you las’ Sai’dy night, twix midnight and day?” “I went to bed,” meekly replied the scribe. “Yas; cose you did went, but whar was Jou? Dere was plenty of time to went and to come.” waiter thinking awhile the reporver Tepiied that he supposed he remuined in bed, unless he walked the general quietly escorted him to this city. Some pieces of ordnance Were stationed on the Heights of Georgetown to Welcome the President-elect and to announce his arrival to the citizens. ‘The streets were th With expectant citizens, but as the day wore on and he did not come there was great, uncertainty. Gen. John Y. Van Ness, the chairman of the cen- in his sleep. tral committee, mounted his horse and rode to- “Dat settles tt. Walked! What I seed was | wards ‘own to learn, if ible, something a-walkin’, now you heab me. Hit was a-walkin’ | gente ober oe Pennsylvania ave., near George- mighty ‘straight, too. Hit nevah tripped once. ‘Deve was nosieep about hit, needer. Goan’ walk in dey sleep, widout dey knows it, elder.” town, he, met the carriage of Gen. Haton and saw Gen. Jackson sitting by his side. The carriage had passed the men in charge of the guns without “Where were you and what did you see?” coax-| their knowing that it contained the President- ingly asked the reporter. elect, and so the salute was not fired. Gen. Van nd was whar I allus 1s, come night. In de house | Ness’ rode along by the carriage, and the entire and on = Primises. Tn ‘an out, you know, Kindo’ | party py to the National hotel, where spyin’ like. Nemmine what I seed. [ain't tole jot eben my ole ‘oman. No hahm come dat time, sodey ain't no useataikin’. Ilearnt sumpin’ Gat night when dey chased me soinde 1 seed ‘em plain a sneakin’ along inde dat night. Mebbe I knowed who it was and mebbe Idoan. “Anyhow, Boss, you bettah be mighty keerful how yo’ com> snoopin’ roun' my ~ You'se easy spoken, but you doan tell bit Straight. Takes yo’ too long, and yo" beat aroun’ ‘and come back bout walkin’ in yo’ sleep.” “You know I'm all right and am on your side,” aid the reporter appeasingly. wpe one, Tos om my. side, and yord be on my 100 ef yo git # chance,” was the emphatic Tesponse. “Now I'l fis tell yo how hit 1s,” he con- “Keep claro’ me. Lisa tellin’ yo God's trufe, kase I sperienced a change frou hatur to race.” SrtRovival?” querted the reporter. “No, sah. No vival, and no m i mer’s bench. T fis axéd de good Lord to gib me a change of heaht. ‘Ob cose dey aint no body in de wuld wat's all good, Dut case yu" aint got no teef in yo" Jaws dat aint no reason wy Fo’ doan keep on a chawin’ and a ‘tryin’ to ci Yo" bettah keep tryin’ to be J aint a sayin” wat yo" is tryin’ to do, but doam do Rit on me, kase day’ certny will be trubble.” Starting his truck down the corridor, le could be heart muttering to himself: “Walkin’in his sleep! Dat settles it, Bettah ‘Rot come roun’ me, sleepin or Wakin.” the Editor of XG 8 While Fou are so vigorously calling attention to the unnecessary dangers imposed upon the travel- ing public by heating cars with stoves and trying to do.the work of two tracks upon one, please call attention to a danger tuat lies near home. The Penns¥lvania railroad runs a train between this city and New York called the “Congresstonal” and compored entirely of drawing room ears. At Philadeipnia another carand attach {to this train, near Gray’s Ferry. Instead of iting this caf where It should be tt is placed tween the heavy baggage in, carrying all the | Daggage of the t and the heavier engine, | About three weeks ago you reported an accident ‘Yo the “Limited Express” between Us city and Baltimore, by which the passengers were “badly | ‘bruised, out Dot seriousiy Injured. Had the same | aceident happened to the “Congressional” the lightly constr parlor car would have been crushed between the engine and the baggage car, and Taz Staz Would have bad a very different re- port wo inake. A FREQUENT TRAVELER ON TEE CONGRESSIONAL, ‘Transters of Heal Estate. Deeds tn'fee have deen Lied as follows: W.C. BUl to Jennie K. Shay, dian iil; ee 3. jeLanahad,” lot 3.7. Lenniah to Ella Tig; sisa08. A Joy to W. Ht wo 40, and pt, % 916487.72. WR. Hop lark, ‘same roperty ; $16,808.09," Anazias Herbert to Joseph | ttl, SUD ut 7, <q. 700; $0. C. Clark to. bw sud lots 24 Lo & 805; %—. C. Brown to ann Mi. Dulany, ¢. S80; $1,000." G. H B. White to H.C. Borden, lots 27 aid 25, bik, 10, Jobn H. Soule toJ. ©. G. TE ‘waite, sup 3 jcWalde, Sub, sae “PR connery wo Geurge Watte subte 8 W. King ‘to gu0,0d. : block 12, Meri- Cohen’ to B. Cohen, 2; F000. CE Mersing rh St tot 154, sq. 1,600, Barbara J. King to Jultus Thurmatiot on bowen Foad; $200. J. A. Koss tos. D. Webb, sub jots 56 And 41, sq. 507: $5,000. W. F. Lewis to Lotte lot 91, Dldck 30, Long Meadows; $1300, Caverly wo C. Hy Sujder, iot $9, do.: $1300, to C, Turnbull,” tot 88, do.: LA Swartzell to D. J. Purman, lot §, block 16, Merid- fan Hill; $1,508.84. C. H. Berkley to W. H. orth halt = 8, -; HOU. JL M. 1. Weller, sub 1%, sq. 1019; $ tOJ.H. Jones, lot 36, sy. 443: $1,520. % T. Middleton to A. ‘Parker, pr. "3. sq. 319; Margaret bay LAA Mayse et allots Bo 801; $. Frank O. Cleary to sam Yoo Land sd'do. ga He Spin toe ee Sub lot 7, sq. 781; $1,024, &. W. C.Hill to L PL Shoemaker, lot 9, block 10, Merid/an Hill: $1,990. L. Page to W. Adamson, part sub $0, sq. ; $1,050. Amelia 1. Van Buskirk to R.B. Hine al, sub lot 32, sq. 164; $4,500. H. D. Williams to W-S. Thompson, sub lots’ 32 and’ 33, sq. 74: ‘3.8. Edwards et al, trustees, to Campbel Carrington, lots 8 and "9 and part 7, sq. 808; 'W. P. Dole to Starkweather, part and lots 5 and 11, Nonsuch; $6,000. . BL ma to Gertrude V. Smith, part & $000. B. W. Carpenter to W. 8. Sub 48 abd part 51, <q. 872; $2250. BH. jarder to Luther 4. Swarizell, lots 6 and 7, block ere 100. L. A. Swartzell to Ge arf. 7, do.; $1,500. BU. Warder to James E. Padgett, blocks 4, Dicks 3, 1. 6 to 10, biock 10, do. t H. Beanish, lot 16, block yng, tole vo, B.H. Warder to 6. T. Jit. S18.08. |B. H. Warder 1ot 16, blocks 6, 3 aud 4, Dlock Sse 6. eSoe & Parker, lots. i and G. Howser’ ioe Li, Meridian mili: 14 H ert F. Swartzell, lot 7, block 6, dd. and I bal} thousands of the citizens repaired and’ offered their congratulations, Gen. Jackson was inaugu- rated on the following 4th of March, on the east- ern portico of the Capitol, in the presence of 40,- 000 people. ‘The President-elect walked from juarters at the hotel to the Capitol, where he took the oath of office and read his inau ‘address, He then mounted a horse and rode to the Execu- tive mansion, hat in hand, his head towering over the heads of the throng’ and the air resounding With the shouts and plaudits of the multitudes ‘Uaat lined the streets, : THE MODE OF ELECTING MAYORS. The city of Washington was incorporated by Congress in the year 1801. The charter provided that the mayor should be appointed by the Presi- dent and the councils should be elected by the registered voters and by the general ticket. After the election the successful candidates assembled and divided themselves into two ‘first and second boards of councils. ‘The first mayor of the city was Robert Brent, who held that gMice for two, Fears. without compensation, the members of councils also serve without ay. In the year 1812 the charter was amended yy which the city was divided into four wi and each ward was allotted two aldermen ani Unree councilmen. The councils were given the privilege of el the mayor, and in this way the following Were elected: Daniel Rapine, Jas, H. Blake, Benjamin Grayson Orr, and Samuel N. ‘Smallwood. In 1820 the charter was amended, and the citizens were allowed to elect the mayor. Samuel N. Smallwood was elected mayor at the first election held under the amended try, Koger C. an, Joseph Gales, W. W. Seaton and other hed citizens. “Mr. Smallwood was the only mayor who died while in omice. KR. C. Weightman and James G. Berrett ‘were the only mayors who resigned that office. ‘THE EARLY CITY WATER SUPPLY. During the mayoraity of Mr. Brent a spring of Water was discovered in square 376, and the water Was collected into a reservoir built of sand stone, | Which was located on F street, between 9th and’ Joth streets. The water was conveyed in bored logs to Pennsylvania avenue at the corner of 12th street. On the capstones of this reservoir was in- Scyibed the words; “erected by the voluntary con. tributions of the citizens of Washington durt: ‘the mayoralty of Robert Brent.” In bringing F ‘street to Its proper grade, this ‘spring was aban- doned, but at the request of the Society of the Old- est Inhabitants to the late board of public works, ‘the reservoir was preserved and is now at the Ma- sonic temple. Another supply of excellent water Was discovered in the Year 1822 on 13th sti between I and K streeta This spring suppli nearly all the water consumed by the residents of the old 2d ward. Some years afterwards another spring was found in Franklin square, and from thence the President's house, the Treasury, War, State and Navy department ‘buildings were sup plied with water, and this spring was relied tae eaten cee introduced into the elty. The Cay Was supplied with AL smith, situated Water from the farm of John Sole distance north of the Capitol. THE FIRST MANET HOUSES. In the year 1802 the- city councils provided for ‘the erection of market houses. In that year the Center and Western markets were erected, the former on the ground where the present Center market now stands. The Western market was built on the north side of Pennsylvania avenue, between 20th and 2ist streets, aud was subse. quently removed to K street. The Eastern Branch market Was erected in 1806. The Capitol Hill market was located on East Capitol street in 1812, Sunday market days were abolished in the year sce, and Saturday evening markets were sul tute ‘THE ORIGIN OF THE BANKS, ‘The Bank of the United Stetes established a branch tn this city in the Year 1811 and occupied the butlding on the northeast corner of 13th and F streets. Its charter having ex] ‘this bank See canes MU, Seen ae newed in 1815 it commenced business In ‘Treasury building, where it remained until old building was rémodelied. It was then removed ‘and continued at that place until the new house at the corner of 15th street _and Vania avenue was completed, when they took possession of the new quartérs, In 183% Con ress renewed the charter which had expired, Dut Frestdeat Jackson reyarding the Dane dooce ‘stitutional vetoed the bili, and the Dank went out of existence. The bul 48 now occupted by Riggs & Co. The Bank of the Bank of the Metropolls, and the Patriotic EE: passed, an ordinance directing that there should rovided in every dwelling fire buckets—one for each story—to be made of leather, and to have a capacity of two gallons of water. Every able- led man assisted in extinguishing fires. ‘The engines were supplied with water from pumps or from the canal or river, The citizens at a fire formed themselves into # double line, face to face, one line passing from hand to hand the full buck- ets, the other along the empty buckets. Congress frequentiy adjourned to allow its mem- bers to assist in extinguishing fres. I have seen John ir. Clay and other distin. handing along the fire cetm, the year 180$ a board of trustees was ap- patnced 1 make provision. for the eanention ot Such children in the city whose ts Were Une able to pay for their schooling. To enabje this ob- t achieve ony power to raise money by imeans of a lottery, ‘The was, however, badly managed, and its ob- ject was not attained! AN OLD MURDER MYSTERY. Inthe year 1820 our merchants dealt largely in Alexandria, then a part of this District, William Secord, an enterprising and well-to.do grocery merchant, went to Alexandria to repleniah his stock, Ob his way home from that place he was murdered at the south end of the Potomac Gy aod ant at Gana oe oa aes : ‘Such was the excitement luced by this event by, that Mr. Monroe, the President of the United ‘States; the mayor of Washi: the mayors of Georgetown and Alexandria, il igsued ‘prociamas ons offering rewards for the apprehension and conviction of the murderers. ‘Town meetings were held in this city and Alexandria, at which addi- tonal rewards were offered. Out city council re- solved to proceed to the place where the murder for the ones. But forts in {he uatderer or murderers tallod, asd tothe day the affair remains a mystery. In the year 1806 the city poorhouse was located on square 448, which was purchased by the city for that until the growth of the city in- duced the council to change the location to the eastern end of the city. SUNRISE TO SUNSET SCHOOLS. ‘There were a number of private schools in the city before the war of 1812. Mr. McLeod, with Hugh McGuire, had one near the navy yard, but they afterwards moved to a school building on the site where the Baltimore Sun bullding is bet erected. Subsequently Mr. McLeod built a smal! schoolhouse on the southwest corner of 10th and @ streets, and next located on 9th street, between G and H_ streets, He had @ motto over the door: “Order 13 Heaven's daw gen Mcleod, had is, puptls, In their places at sunrise, gave them breakfast and dinner hours, and when not detained by failures in lessons they would be able to reach their homes in time for tea. In the other schools, the mornt or sunrise session was not held. Some of the best citizens of the District received their education under the strict discipline of Mr. McLeod. The ple of that day were glad enough if their chil. Bren could. write, ‘read’ ypell aud figure well. Murray's Reader, Watts’ Arithmetic and Murray's Grammar were the books used. ‘The smaller pupils Tearned to trace letters in sand of the tops of their desks and as they advanced slates—much more cumbersome than those of the at day—were used. Plummets, or point es of lead, Used in place of lead pencils” atter ‘having be. come familiar with these, the pupils were allowed to usecopybooks. Ink, pens and paper were rather scarce in those days. EARLY MUNICIPAL REFORMS During the mayoralty of Thomas Carberry, who ‘was elected in 1822, a new order of things was in- troduced into our city much to the gratit) \tion of those who had been hoping for improven. nt and Teform. New streets and avenues were opened and graded, footway’ laid down in every direction, street lamps introduced and a portion of the city Supplied with water from a newly discovered spring on 13th street, between I and K streets. Mr, Car- berry first introduced the practice now revived by our ‘Commissioners, requiring the ininates of the Work house to labor on the public streets, At this Period in our municipal history the city council ‘Was composed of our best citizens such as Charles W. Goldsborough, W. W. Seaton, James Hoban, George Watterson, Daniel Carroll and others, SCHOOL FUNDS BY LOTTERY. Congress having granted the city a permit to raise by lottery means to build a city nall, school houses and a penitentiary, managers were ap- Pointed and agents employed to dispose of the ickets in the lottery. Soon after Capt. Carberry had assumed the duties of mayor he discovered that the whole affair had been conducted ay and against law. The managers, thoug! Fespectable citizens, bad. entered Into” the “dis. charge of their duties without giving bonds, as the law required. ‘The agents were put in posses- sion of the tickets and sold then without making areport to the proper, authorities. ‘The agents became unfaithful to thetr trusts and our city met &@ pecuniary loss of more than $100,000. MISTRESS ORR AND GEN, JACKSON. ‘The square of ground on which the Patent office ‘now standg was selected by Gen. Washington as a site for a national church. As the constitution forbids legislation on that subject, the project Was never carried out. This square was squatted on by an old gentleman named Orr, who also cul- tivated the squares of und to the north of the Patent office. These latter were known as Orr's orchard, Mr. Orr died, leaving the Patent office square in the occupancy of his widow and having held undisputed possession of the premises for many years, the widow was under the full beliet that she was the sole apes ofthe soil. After the burning of the ofd Patent office, during the administration of Gen. Jackson, Congresé de- termined to erect a bailding on that square, and ‘sent an engineer and an architect to take posses sion of it. Mrs. Orr, then upwards of eighty Years of age, opposed them. As often asa stone was lanted or & peg driven Mrs. Orr, with her own would removed them. She’ armed herself with stones, which she carried in her apron, and pelted the workmen right and lefvunti) she was master of the situation, and absolutely caused the suspension of the’ work for some days, Mrs. Orr's conduct was communicated 6 President Jackson, who declaring that he ‘Would see the old lady in person, ordered ils car- riage and drove to the spot. Meeting Mrs. Orr and ing to her one of his most respectful and tn- Amitable bows, and in the kindest inanner—a man- ner peculiar to Gen. Jackson—he her to allow the workmen to proceed with thelr labors. Mrs. Orr refused to listen to the President and expressed her astonishment that Gen, Jackson would disturb her in her old days and drive. her away from a quiet home she had enjoyed for 89 many years, es. pecially asshe had no means of subsistence and was completely destitute. She said that her. sons had died in the service of their country; that her husband was, when liv: great Jackson man, andshe recited some lines composed by her husband eulogizing Gen. Jackson for driving the British army from New Orleans and urging his election to the presidency. Gen. Jackson listened to the story of Mrs. Orr and for once in his life was partially conquered, “You shall be protected, madam,” he at length ‘said, “and you il be vies for,” ‘He promised her that he would build a house for her on the lot if she would allow the workmen to proceed. Mrs.Orr yielded. | The house waserected the square and Mrs. Orr's wants were supplied However she di not long survive the change so jowever she did not survive the i died soon afterwards. AN EYE-WITNESS AT THE AQUEDUCT CEREMONIES. November Sth, 1853, at about 8 o'clock ‘a, m., I started with quite a number of the members of the city council to witness the commencement of ‘the great aqueduct which was to convey the Waters of the Potomac to the city. Getting into a large omnibus, which was already quite crowded, we rode to Georgetown to take our places in thé Doat for the Great Falls, Upon our arrival there the mayor of Washington announced that the ceremony would and, after prayer by Rev. Mr. Pyne, the President of the United States, Frankiln Pierce, made a short speech, and the! taking a shovel, he turned the first turf snd placed {tin & wheelbarrow. Then Jefferson Davia, the Secretary of War, dug a spadeful, I noticed sev. eral persons try! ‘& portion o1 contents of the barrow, and I was aigong the number “tive excavation was continued by Senator. 8, Mayor Maury and ex-Mayor Seaton. The mayor i of Wh was called for. He was not there, but was represented by W. 8. Nicholls, John T. Towers, president ‘of the board of aldermen, and Nicholas- Callan, _presi- dent of the board of common council, followed. ‘Then the presidents of the councils of D were called but, ae mayor, were among the issing. er lemen represent Then followed 1. D. Hoover, the Us. and lastly Thomas Ritchie. This closed the ceremo- nies, The first Spee however, pronounced on the oan ‘was by rep M ‘the U, 8. engineer Saas “ieee retain ~ tour o'clock, take having occurred to Peron unnippy. Thott ‘others the fol- owing aldermen: WL. Bayly, Dr. Joseph Bor. the 2d ward; J. 'r. ‘towers, from the sa ward; Dr. Davis, from’ the 4th ward; J.C. Fitz- trick, from the Sth ward; William ‘Morgan the 6th ward; also John Sessford, J. Eat SP ot Gite ones as Cull'dnd Miller, members of “eounch iso Josep Bryan. Hilliday, Thos, Hutchin ox-meu- bers; W. T. McCormic! lector, na Well se many otters, Mrs, Lofty and ‘Mrs. Lofty keepe » carriage, . She bas: to. She's no With my bh ht hide his face, 1 ul ‘Her fine btisband has white angers, Mi He could give Mis id Falace— cot: ‘Hers comes home beneath the starlight, Fer Coreen tae ‘Wine comes PSpenictian And that sands: ‘Wil Bota his loved oneal his hyear $13 REAL ESTATE GOssIP, Favorable Prospects For the Coming|- Building Season. THE IMPROVEMENTS ON F STREET=SUBERBAN EX~ TENSION OP STREBTS—THE WORK ON THR MAS- SACHUSETTS AVENUE EXTENSION—NEW.HOUSES. TO BE ERECTED, &C. ‘The building season 1s opening gradually and WASHINGTON ARCHITECTURE, BY E. C. GARDNER, THOR OF “HOUSE THAT JILL BUTT,” “HOMES AND ALL ABOUT THEM,” ac. Vit. ‘THE CONGRESEMAN 18 FURTHER ADMONISHED. “Dear John: How many times must I tell you ‘that the first great commandment in the design- Slowly, and each week witnesses an increase in the |.ing and planning of a house, or of any other number of butlding permits issued. The archi. | structure erected by mortal man, 1s jitness? On tects and builders are preparing plans and esti- | this hang all the law and the prophets; beauty, ‘Mates, and while they are not as busy.as they, | comfort, utility, dignity. From this strong tower hoped to be, still ‘they regard the prospect for, a | are stspended the ‘seven lamps’ and all the other good season promising. There 1s no advance in | iNuminations that make the difference between the cost of materials for building that will make | darkness and light, between wisdom and folly, any great difference, and the wage question seems | success and failure in this, the noblest of all to be settled for the season. The conditions there- | human arts. And this ts true whether the struct- fore seem to be favorable, and while there 1s | ure is a summer cottage built after the manner of nothing as yet upon which a reliable prediction |p medizval castle, or a government building com- can be based, yet the general felt Season will Bele good obe Tor the Oulh of the city. is that the | posed mainly of small separate rooms for-specific interests Modern business uses, but made, through the lack In addition to what may be expected in the | f sufficient ability to produce a design that is buflding line within the city limtt: to believe that many improvemeni in the suburban property which has been so active during the past fall and winter. All along the northern line of the city, as well a3 some distance in the country, a number Of Improvements are already under ‘way, and a great ore talked about. ae BUILDING INSPECTOR ENTWISLE'S OPINION. During the week some signs of the appidaching Duilding season have appeared in the Duflding inspector's office, in the increased number of per- mits for new structures fasued. Building Inspector Enbwistle stated to a Star reporter that he had ‘ho meuns yet, Soar as the records of his ofice are concerned, of making any prediction as to the amount of building during the coming season. He felt satisfied, however, from the large number of transfers of property that have been made, that there is to be a very active season, Usually the rush for permits does not in till after the ist of March, During April and May, as a rule, more mits are taken out than during all the remain. months of the year together. STREET EXTENSIONS IN THE SUBURBS. Some owners of suburban real estate are a little anxious about the consequences to them of the Passage of the pending bill autnorizing the Com. missioners to lay out streets and avenues in the northern suburbs. In some of the stbdivisions which are out of harmony with the general plan and direction of the city streets the extenston of streets, ifmade in accordance with the prelim: inary map submitted by the Commissoners to the Senate, will cause considerable disturbance, Under the law as p the Commissioners will have power to lay down the lines of the future ‘Street extensions and to prevent tn the future any subdivisions not In accord with the general plan. Owners of small pieces of property that will be badly mutilated by the proy street extensions expect eventually when work is actually begun to receive ee Tienes tor damages they muy sus- tain. But they are in great doubt as to their situ- ation before the work 1s actually begun, with the shadow of a coming street projected Dethaps through their house of across their lot, $0 as to leave only a smatl remnant on each side out. side of the shadow. In case a number of years elapsed before thé shadow taterialized, “such Property, the owners fear, would be in a véry un- rabi¢ situation. Col. ‘Ludlow, speaking of thé Proposed extensions to a Star reporter, said that It would take all of the approaching summer to make the surveys and complete the plans. ‘The Commissioners, he said, would be empowered, under the law, to attend ‘to all the minor details and to make such changes as were found desira- ble. Still the streets could not be made to wiggle 80 as tododge all the houses tn the way, It. was Ume, he said, that something was done to stop the laying out of streets ten feet wide, running in any direction, and calling them avenues, A general Plan should have been made and enforced twenty years ago. It can be done now with less inconve- ence and at much less expense than it can be done in the future. He did not think that after the plan had been approved there would be any delay in the actual work or long suspense that would be injurious to property interests, ag he was confident that the next session of Congress would. ‘at once provide for the whole work. ¥ STREET IMPROVEMENTS. Mr. J.J. Albright, the owner of the St. Cloud Dutlding, at the southwest corner of 9th and F streets, has in contemplation the erection of a large fire-proot building upon that site, which will be suitable for offices. ‘There 1s an ample fronti on both streets, and nearly all the ground can utilized. It 1s ‘stated that the property has in- creased tn value during the last few years, and that the income derived from it does not. afford a sufficient return upon the money that it is said to be worth. It was reported a short time ago that the owner had refused $150,000 for the rty, which would be at the rate of elghtean or twenty dollars per foot, improvements included. While this may be regarded as a high price for Fatreet Property, yet during the past few years great im. provemenis have been made on this street, and roperty has increased in value. The Columbia National bank, in December last, pald_ $15 per foot for a site on’ the opposite sile of ‘the street, which, however, was improved with a good build ing. In the last few days the old Tallmadge hall property was sold, and as the lot runs to a depth Of 150 feet, It averaged about $7.60 per foot. A plece of property on the same stile of the street mut @ little farther east has about the same depth, and last summer it was sold for about $8.80 per foot. In November last $12.50 per foot Was paid for the Walker property on the south. side ot F street, between 12th and 13th, while about the same ‘time $11.50 where the Equitable Building Assoctation 1s eréct- ing its new bullding. In the early part of last per, foot was pald for the Merrick prop. erty, and in the preceding year §7.87. per -fooL.Was aid for a portion of the ground upon which the tumore Sun Dullding now stands. ‘The improve- ments along this street have kept pace with the increase in Values, and in the time referred to the following new buildings have been erected, while a large number have been remodeled: The Glover building, the Kellogg building, the Hooe building, the Addins bulldiug, the Baltimore Sun bullding, W. B. Moses & Son’s buflding and the Pacific build: ‘will be made ing. ‘There 13 now in course of erection a buliding for Woodward & Lothrop, the Equitable Building Association building and the Columbia Bank buiid- ing. ‘The erection of two lai Dulidings in addition to tho: pieced it is sale will prol fe store and office rementioned are id, and the work of erection bly be begun during the present season. THE FENDALL BUILDING. As stated in THE Stax, the old buflding 4t. the southeast corner of 43¢ street and Indiana avenue, fronting the City Hall, and long the restdence ot the late Philip Fendail, is to give place to a more modern and imposing structure, to be used as an office building. The proposed improvement will consist of a sixstory building, covering theentire lot, fronting 30 feet on Indiana avenue and 75. feet on 43; street. The elevations are designed in a simple and massive style. ‘The main entran ag planned, wil! be on Indiana avenue, approach by a broad flight of stone ste) A corridor 8 feet in width is to extend the full depth of the butid. | ing. In the center of the building 1s to be located the stairway, elevator and fireproof vaults, ex- tending through all the stories. “The building will contain 37 offices ‘The butiding will be neated by steam, and suppited with modern appitances for ventilation and elevator service. Plans have been repared by Messrs, W. M. Poindexter, architects, and the building will be commenced at once under their direction by the contractor, Mr. Wm. P. Lipscomb. ‘MR. LYMAN TIFFANY'S RESIDENCE. Next week the work of erecting a handsome residence for Mr. Lyman Tiffany, of New York, on the east side of Connecticut avenue, between R gnd S streets, will be begun. The house will have a. frontage of thirty-five feet, which will give an interior more spactous than the average city home. It will be three stories in height and there will be an open vestibule at the main entrance sup) on a large brick aren. 4 rounded bay window at one side, crowned with a tower, will be a feature of the front. The entrance leads into a large hall fifteen feet wide, which will contain a corner fire-plave, A staircase of antique oak as- cends from thecenter of this hall to the uy ‘Stories, The hall is lighted from the bay window and will form a novel and attractive feature of the house. A large parlor and brary occupy the remaining space, Jeading from the hall will be the dining room. The arrangement ot the up) stories is very convenient. dr. Tiffany, although not an architect, made the elevations and plan or the house himself, and as the work of an émateur At is said to be remarkably successful, Mr. Tiff: supeetatend: has gone to Europe and has left the ence of the work to Mr, Win. P. Lipsbomt builder, DR. RUTH'S NEW HOUSE. Dr. M. L. Ruth, U. 8 N., 1s building a house on. the south side of I street, near 20th street, which | will be another addition to the attractive homes which adorn the city. ‘The plans prepared by W.’ Bruce Gray, architect, show a plain front o¢red brick with Courses of rock-faced brownstone, A clroular Day window 1s carried to the third-story, ‘where it terminates ina balcony, Ty Yon will be solld and substantial, 49 quer there is reason | both suitable and j tor dwellings, barns, churches, town hal per foot was paid forthe site 4 reat simplicity has been necessary for com! elegance have ‘not been neglected. ‘These’ Ge ae Work has been resumed on the extension Massachusetts avenue from te ‘the contract for which was ‘awarded District Commissioners, A 60 has it through the ‘Ealo, excavation “ana i i aE 3 i i 5 4 2 i ie Beee €' Ft Fi : E i i an i Seer numnere sa 8866 ‘ROVE Drivilere Of Yotng, r in the likeness of an an- cient Greek temple. ‘Thé fact that wehave become accustomed to this bold confession of poverty of invention as ‘the designs for our public Duildings does not in the least diminish its humili- ating folly. Ancient classic architecture, in ite fof the" purposes "which ewes meee ‘oF P it was: serve, nor would it be unsuited to other Stmflar purposes at the present it there are any such, but business offices, sinall deta and requiring an independent ght, wee not, £0 far as we can learn, the de mands that led’to the evolution of these noble ‘The effort toadapt them to our modern ‘heeds simply because they were excellent for their nal pul is.as sensible a8 it would be to bufid a shoe store, or a ‘one-price mammoth ready made clothing establishment,’ in the semb- lance of gothic cathedral, leaving off the spire, perhaps, by way of giving it a secular air, some- ‘what ag the Greek temples, when devoted to busi- ness ends have been amended in various ways in Prder to Dring them into accord with the fat headed, flat-sided, or other lifeless styles, to which ‘we are addicted. ’ Lack of expression is, however ‘@ negative fault, no more deplorable than the op- posite extreme ‘especially when the building, as ‘usually hap} 1g made to express sentiments entirely f01 to its character, although it may be-in accord with the enterprising mercenary i of the age. As long as buyers are easily joodwinked by loud professions, and sellers, whether of real estate, dry goods, life insurance poltctes, news] re or opera tickets, find it neces- ry OF expeate to draw attention to the great yalue of their wares by a conspicuous display of some sort, brass bands, red paint, or towering architecture, no matter what, so it draws the wondering eves of the ignorant and curious, Just 80 long shall we have strange and wonderful de- vices exhibited in our every day, commercial street architecture. Now and then’ an archit or & business corporation rises to the artistic per- ception of the principle (which I am reiterating till you will be inclined to ring the chestnut bell), that every structure should manifest in its design’ 4 CLEAR PERCEPTION OF ITS OWN MISSION; that a chureh should bechurchly; that an in- surance building should indicate something of its character ag a bulwark and guarantee of safety, rather than present the appearance of a triumphal arch or monumental edifice on Which the richness of the spoils taken from a vanquished enemy are to be displayed; that a dry goods store would bet- ter have the lightness ana grace belonging to its character, rather than the air of a cotton mill or a gouaty jal ; that, however much the press may be ‘nelined to usurp’the functions of the pulpit, it 1s @ trifle premature for it to adopt in its habitation the external signs of ecclesiasticism: it has been a source of amazement that the most charac- teristic and representative Dulldings of modern ‘umes, the railway stations, should pefsist in tak- Ang on forms of extraordinary unfitness and incon- venience, forms that would seem as Sina en is, hotels or anything ‘else under the eanopy as tor what ‘They really are, and if one may be allowed with be- coming deference to say so, it is not easy to under- ‘svand why a dwelling house of the nineteenth cen- tury in tines of peace should be made in the like ness of a feudal castle, so far as the apparent strength of its walls is concerned, or why it should put on an alr of excessive humility, appropriate oe for the home of the dumb beasts, that is, for the stable, rather than frankly asserting the dignity and active hospitality so becoming in a human abode. Life is not one “demnition grind,” one unending effort to bear up under a. crushing load; neither is it a fantastic trifling with lights and Shadows that have no real substance or value. By the same token, our domestic dwellings need ‘not be composed chiefly of foundation stones and massive arches, nor yet of bay windows, hanging balconies and ornamental turrets, You will think this a lot preface to my ac- knowledgment of your last short but pithy letter pin which you announce a change of base, from the corner lot in the city to the suburban site, and offer the absurd suj suion that this change will make no essential difference with the plans which Thave been studying upon. It 1s because thissug- gestion 1s, to all appearance, so innocently. and Sincerely inade, that I have taken pains to enlarge upon the subject and try to make you understand that there is a radical’ principle involved; that your house must be ADAPTED BOTH TO ITS USE AND ITS SITUATION. It 1s a profound mistake, but a very common one, to attempt toembody in acity house thesame features that are so excellent in an isolated coun- try dwelling; still more common and inexcusable ig1t to build the suburban house as if tt were to Band. in the midst of a long row of buildings whose ides are merged in the sides of their nearest helghbors and which can only see daylight through thelr opposite ends. It 1s folly, for instance, to assume that because the broad porch and wide petra NCS ‘to the country house are essential to its jospitable appearance, that its city relative must make an attempt, however abortive, to produce a, similar effect in the same Way. Ag a matter of fact the hospitality of the urban hoyse must be taken for granted without any external sign of this Christian virtue, For one reason, such pro- fessions of cordial welcome to all passing pligrims would evidently be false pretence, because every day, social life in the city is such’ that universal hospitality 1s quite out of the question. Unless particularly invited, guests are not welcome, even when they only ask to rest under the shade of our awnings, inquire the Way to the next street, or beg for a cup of cold water. Itis not hospitality Dut exclusion, courteous of course, that 1s neces- Sary, OF at least We think so, and to profess any- thing else would be hypocrisy. jhe lighting of ity houses te necessarily a dit. ‘ferent affair trom the lighting of those that Gyes on all ses, 8 a sort of reason and compen ‘Sation for their limitations in this respect, it 1s doubtless true that there 1s less use for daylight in the city than in the country, Whether this is cause or effect does not matter. The fact remains that civilians turn night intoday toa much greater extent than rustics, and can much better afford te make their houses with dark or illy-lighted rooms, Perhaps I shall have no better place than this tor saying that “inside” rooms, as they are called, though undesirable enough, are not necessarily a3 Diack as they are painted. ‘Aside from the influ. ence of the direct rays upon our mortal frames, it 1g not easy to find reasons why a room that has no ‘windows opening directly out of doors may not be as wholesome og regards its atmosphere, as one having such windows that open only towards the north or from which the sunlight 13 always ex- cluded by blinds or curtains, pro these in- ner rooms are abundantly supplied with fresh air hat has not been, vitiated by passing, through ctly. from out other apartments but comes in side, This thorough ventilation of the central part of the houses built in large blocks is entirely practicable and should no more be omitted than ‘the roof, the floor or any other essential portion of the building. ‘These inner rooms are of value in a city house, but would seem almost worse than wasted in building that asks no permission to look where 1t pleases, ‘In many other respects and for reasons more or less obvious, but constantly overlooked, there should be ferent arrangements for the plumb- ing, the heating, the porches, the bi the fire. the chimneys, the doors and In fact, there 1s SCARCELY A FEATURE OP THE COUNTRY OR SUBURBAN which ought not for good and sufficient reasons to receive different treatment from that which would be accorded its twin sisterin the city. Probably you will , ‘Oh, yes, 1 understand all that, of course,’ and in the Same breath will say that the ‘studies which I have prepared for the house on the corner of Oregon avenue and J street will require but little change since you have decided to go out into the country. On the contrary, they Will be i & use abet bs it pet number e rooms rem! sume, ir general arrangement is scarcely changed, the ‘finer p a Ronee gh H viet nee ae eats suit of clothes: THE PEANUT TRADE. Three Hundred Bushela a ™Munched tn Washington—a sephical Dealer. Day Phile- him. “Some folks think peanuts ain't refined; that they belong to the lower wajks of life and never were intended to be enten by people of wealth and refinement, No more than they think “There's a sort of association,” he added, diving his hand into a bag that stood with open-mouthed hospitality by his side; “there's a sort of assocta- ton between peanuts and circuses, They bear togetber eran Ty ary oer Tea eovgaived tn polite soctety, but they are taken with much relish under protest or on the quiet, But it 13 a false impression that uts_hever do ex acircus orin the upper theater and among country people. W show up most prominently under these and are sold more ROR ate hited Sade : Sane pie teehee gene, down upon the bald heads ey are the every day common aut ‘they are not eaten with less relish by Uvated taste, I know several overcoat pockets you can find peanut any time, and it is quite common for husbands Who have been detained from home <e at night than is customary, to take a quart L—4 nuts home to their wives. Some take oysters, but ‘peanuts are by all odds most convenient. I know some young ladies whom you would think never ate anything but angel's and they caneat Seepenber untae a caagee a “How many do you suppose are sold here ina day?” he continued, as he dropped three nuts into ‘Tax Stan re] hand and helped himself to another handful. “I can’t give you exact statis- Ucs, but from the best estimate ican make it a] ‘that upwards of 300 bushels are eaten each lay. Counting these at the retall price of five cents per pint, make out that about #1,000 is spent each lay in peanuts. ‘These are sold by the and one small dealers and are carried off in little paper bags. And this will show something of how many people eat them. There are nearly twenty thousand pints sold in a day. Ivis fair to assume ‘that no person makesa habit ofeating a pint every twenty-four hours, so It 18 llkely that nearly the Entire population ‘contribute to the consumption of peanut “Where do they come from?” he repeated, as he stood up and brushed the crumbs of shells of his ‘trousers front. “We wholesale dealers get them mostly from Norfolk. A great many are raised in Virginia, Many farmers have found them by far worn out plantations Pne pear ches apread orn out plantations. ‘The peanut patches spi gut in every direction over the flat country about BROOKS OF THE WEEK. MEMOIRS OF MY LIFE. Joux CuaRtes Fae- ee tn the Nerative Five Cir of Western Exploration, di ead, 1845-0-7, 1548°0, 18g 4: gether with as sketch of the life of Senator ton, in comnec- flou with Westera Expansion, by. dade Benton ibe’ Senin paiee mt Roos, Aoeas istory. i ve ete, ete Chicago: Beliord, Clarke & Oo. Wask CF Moree. THE HISTORY OF ROME. By Taropon i. Translated, with the wuthor’s sanction, and addi: tions by WittiaM P. Dicksox. D.D., D., Pro- Jesworof Divinity in the University of Glasgow. Biitwo Value With. fon Maps: by Protemoe Kierert. New York: Charles Scribuers Sona Washington: Brentanos. REALISTIC PHILOSOPHY: Defended in a ake sephic Series. By James McCosn, D.D., LL D., Litt.b., | author of 1s SpOLOeE the Cognate ren ein fee Cee i So etc., Erosident of Princaton Colleye..In Two Voliunes. Xew York: Charles Scribuer's Sons, Washington: Brentanos A JOURNAL OF RL e- From 18: Mowmsex. E REIGN OF QUEEN VICTO- to 1880. By tlie late Cranes | sd. Clerk of the Council. Edited | ury Keeve. Kexistrar of the Privy Couucil, (Mird and Concluding Part) New York; D. AD _ Pleton & Co, Washington: Kobert Beall. BRAZIL: Its Condition and . C. ANDiEWs, ex-Consul-General te Bradll and for -S. Stinister to Sweden and. Norway. 1B. Appleton & Co. Washington: Robert Beall. BORDERLAND. A Country Town Chron! cle. BY, Jessie, FOTHERGILE. author or ~The First Violin, etc. [Leisure Moment Series New York: Henty Holt & Co, Wushington: Brentanos, YOUNG PEOPLE'S PRAYER MEETINGS; In Theory \d Practice. With Fifteen Hundred Topica. BY AE. CLARK, Pastor of Phiilips Church, Bos- ton. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. GEORGE WASHINGTON'S FIFTY-SEVEN RULES OF BEHAVION. With an Historical Preface. By Wa. 0. Stoppanp, Denver: W. H. Lawrence & Co. Washington: Brentanos. ‘THE USE OF MODELS: A Teacher's Assistant in the Use of the Prang Models for Form Study and Draw- ing in Primary Schools. Boston: The Prang Edu- cational Company. THE COMMON CHORD. A Story of the Ninth Ward, By Henry R_Evtior, author of “The Bassett Claim," etc. New Nork: Cassell & Co. Wi ‘MISS CHURCHILL. A Study. By Cuntrtrax Erp, eee et at Peete: THE MERRY MEN. and Other Tales and Fables. By Rorert Louis Stevexson. New York: Charles | Scribner's Sons. Washington: Brentanos. A TRAMP TRIP: How to E Fit Cent a Day. by Lex Meniweruen, New York? Harper & Brothers. ____.95__ Vast Fields of Ice. CHILLY EXPERIENCE OF THE STEAMSHIP MONTE ROSA IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC. The steamship Monte Kosa, which arrived in New York yesterday from Dundee, reports that on February 18, at 2a. m., in a heavy snow storm, on the northeast edge of the Banks, fell in with & la} field of ice, extending as far as the eye could see; followed the edge of the ice to south. east 30 milies, then southwest about 15, when the ship became entirely shut in; the ice looked like low land covered With snow, with & Many icebergs, some of which were quite li Hi getting clear Of the ice, followed the edge to the Southeast until next morning, and then soutwest, ‘but was soon surrounded, and changed coursé again to the southeast; at 10 a.m. could see noth. ing to the westward but a large fleld of ice and nuinerous loebergs; steered south until 4 p.m. and t clear of it in laittude 46:30 on the eastedge of ihe banks; had followed the ice about one ht and eighty miles, UNUSUALLY EARLY APPEARANCE OF THE BEROS, The New York Tribune says: Those arctic terrors that, always cause apprehension to transatlantic navigators who cross the banks of Newfound. land have made their appearance unusually early this season. Every steamship that has arrived in the last week, unless she has taken a course well to the southward of the usual track, reports hav- in ners ona rea oe elds of area, The steamship Fulda, whici arrived Southampton y Passed Ubrough an immense field of tce in latitude forty- four and forty minutes north, longiv forty-eight degrees and forty-three minutes west. ‘The region lying two degrees east and two north of the points mentioned seems to be one immense field of broken ice and ice ‘They are probably the winter formation in the coves and along the coast of Labrador Mberated and driven to the southward by the prevailing north. west winds, ‘They are the dreaded ‘of the banks of Newroundiand from about the middle of February till the 1st of May. Famous Earthquakes. From the New York Herald. ‘The following is a lst of the principal earth. quakes that have taken place since the twelfth century, with the casualties caused: H Year. Place. 25,006 ee 30,000 1703—Aquila, Italy. Tros—weado’ Japa 1706—The Abruzzi. | and he did not hear of Foster's death unti! son LIFE IN NEW YORK. Ups and Downs of Fast Men-—How Fate Settles with Rascality—Starving Rather than Work. ‘Special Oorrespondence of THE EVENING STAR. New York, February 25, 1887. Six years ago last summer a slender gentleman, exquisitely dressed, sat onthe veranda at Moon's Toad house, overlooking the blue waters of Sara- toga lake. He had light hair and a tawny mous. tache, regular features and blue eyes. He was graceful in manner and extremely reticent. ‘While making inquiries of an attendant about a Diooded horse champing its bit beneath an outly- ing shed, he saw the writer gazing at him. His pale face broke into asmnile as he extended his hand. “I haven't seen you in eight years,” he sald, as be conducted me to his table on the veranda, A man with a massive frame, dull eyes and Dushy hair and side whiskers sat at the table. He was William H. Vanderbilt, I was introduced in flattering terms. The young man next beckoned & waiter and sald, “Make that a dinner for three.” The slender gentleman was &. Foster Dewey, for Years Wm. M. Tweed’s confidential secretary. Talnteresting conversation witb" Me. Vangel nm ir. Van about Denver and Rio Grande and other stocks, Varied with comments on fast horses. An appe- Uzing dinner was served, including such delicacies as trout, fresh from the water, woodcock, corn and Potatoes right out of the garden, and wines of rare Hutage, | IC ought to have been’ Food dinner, for the bill was nearly nitty dollar. It was paid by Mr. Dewey without a murmur. He had become used to Moon's outrageous changes, and he sub- mitted without a demur. ‘1 frst knew Mr. Dewey when he was aclerk in ‘the city auditor's department. He was a young man of few words, but extremely affable and hos- pitable. He had nothing but his salary of $2,000 a year on which to live.” With this, however, he made a very creditable display until he became ‘TWRED'S CONFIDENTIAL SECKETARY. ‘Then he gave full sway to his love for horses, and, like many of Tweed’s proteges, began to cut a figure on the road. The Boss had unbounded con- fidence in him. He trusted him implicitly. No man knew Tweed’s private business as well as Foster Dewey. He even knew tt better than Tweed himself, The private pay-roll, partnerships 1a contracts and street openings, ‘connections with the republican end of the polfuical machine—all were kept in his head, and ap) at his fingers’ ends like a flash when wanted. He kept very aitie memoranda. Nearly everything was recoried on the tablets of his memory. He had as close a mouth as Ed. Haggerty, the janitor of the court house, who was credited with destroying tne famed vouchers. On Tweed’s downfall he is said to have transferred valuable property to Dewey, that it should be returned as soon as the old man could work himself tree from his diMiculues, Members of Tweed’s family Fetalnod poscecain of the propery, despite wi the jou Of the propervy, despite all the etiorts of the Boss to regain it. Céruain It is that from the day Tweed was arrested Dewey was a gentleman of leisure. He was unmarried, and his Only dissipation was stock gambling dnd fast horsea. His love of horses threw him into the so- ciety of Vanderbilt, : him and was creditéd with giving him many $1,200,000 at one HacL. In one deal Dewey is said to have made $1,200,000. Since Vanderbilt's death he has not been so fortu- nate, He was, however, carrying 25,000 shares of Stock when he dled, which required the enormous in He sold them at a sligut ad- vance an hour betore hls death, “It was wonder, ful nerve and judginent, tor he knew very weil | that no one could tell what would become of the margin after his death. ‘Dewey died, With no relatives at is side, in his elegant apartments on Sth avenue, a week ago. He had been suffering from sciatic rheumatisin for some days. Ex-Alderman Joseph Monhelmer ap- pears to have been about his only visitor tn his mortal illness, “Half an hour before he died he wrote his will in four lines, leaving @ fabulous for- tune to his mother and Uiree brothers. Monhe mer was with him when he dled, and closed his eyes, Only one of his brothers was in th hours afterward. ‘The parasites who fattened Tweed in his day of power, some of whom ha’ ‘a8 eminent reformers since the death of t breathe more Ireely to-day over the posit!’ ‘sealing of Dewey's lips. He was the only living man who knew their dealings with the oid chief of Big six. NEMESIS, A sad fate seems to have overtaken all the poor men who were made rich by the favor of Tweed. Tom Fields died in Canada a year ago, an extle, and with very little of the money he amassed while in the ring. Andrew Garvey has lost his ‘wife, whom he adored, and who induced hin wo turn informer. He is stink from sight, with hard an associate, despite his wealth. Dick Counolly died ta exile 'In Switzerland. Corson, a penniless | reporter, who amassed millions, has’ disappeared from public gaze, and ts living the life of a hermit, Ingersoll, once the pet captain of the Seventh regiment, 1s living in retirement, after serving Lis term at Auburn. Charles E. Wilbour, the trans- lator of Hugo's “Les Miserables,” who got nearly $1,000,000 through his association with Tweed | in'the 7ranscript association, 1s droning lite away | within sight of the pyramids of Egypt. ‘Thomas | Watson, who held the key of the situation in | the auditor's office, was accidentally killed in Central Park, ban Berrian, brushmaker to the city under Tweed, went insane before death. Wm. Hennessy Cook, who raked nearly million out of the Treasury, ‘and who could hardly read and write, died a_ penniless adventurer in Uh city where A. Oakey Hall ts now making a prec rious living as a barrister. Woodward, another of | the county court house millionaires, 1s scratching | vel in ap adjoining state. James Fisk, Jr., Was killed in epee sl over a noted woman. " Sands, who betrayed the Citizens’ Association in ‘Tweed's Interest, 1s now in Jail at Bridgeport, Conn, The oid American club house ts turned into a summer hotel, and the king of the Standard Oil company Sleeps tn the baronial hall built by Tweed in ‘Con- necticut. Foster Dewey was hardly buried before Mary Amel Tweed’s favorite daughter, in New Orleans. Her to a yor southerner years ago Was the talk of the city. ‘The wedding gifts alone were valued at over $000,000. Every effort was made to prevent the publication of the lists of presents and their donors It was, how. ever, skilifully obtained by young Soteldo, a brill- jant newspaper reporter, who was afterwards Killed in an assault upon an editor in Washington. ‘Tweed’s was yop Ss aphine bea} = voted to him, ughter Josephine us Jeft his side When he died in Ludlow street jail. FIRST CHOICE OR NOTHING. It is often said that hundreds of men walk the streets of New York seeking work and unable to find it, The most prominent employment broker 4n town said the other night that this was entirely uptrue. “i cab give every man work," he said, “though Abamay not be the kind he desires or 1s ‘Atted tor, Ihave dozens of restaurants and hoteis to supply ‘and there are always some Vacancies. ‘This morn- ing’s papers announced the suicides of three men who 1e desperate because they could not Work. Ae they had been willing wo take the fist thing that came along they’ been all right No man need starve. “How low do Wages runt” #1 sent three men to work as porters to-day for $2 a week, including luncheons. You stare. Of course $2 Js nothing tous; but the man who wont work for and six square meals a week will have in New York. No matter bow small men Co accept them, @ man Who has held & ey will i E respectful looking peering I stood waiting for & car on upper Broadway. clan dowls tiga asa ans J Sone up with hunger.” ‘There 18 8 big demand for such men here now, as the custom of keeping a man servant has spread very rapidly of late. Men here are not accomp- thelr im but anied by alete as they are in Europe, ‘they HH] i G Hl i ‘erences to the Labor qi now on ful t sopplag al wor, however important. “This is. tyrauny, agains which the democratic party has Which it must now confront very igh positions ha and dangefouselement ip conlce by CF ‘Want to catch to said, and when he retired his master gave him enotigh money to start him in business, Me hag an Income Of about £20,000 a year. Amos J. Coaaervas and BLAKELY BALL a ae THROUGH THE LONE STAR STATE. Vastaces of Tetas—alreston and San Antonio—Western Texas and El Pase. Correspondence of Tar EvExrne Stan. Rt Paso, Tex., Feb. 16, 1887, ‘The Lone Star state in Its Vast dimensions gives Us anew conception of magnitude and distances, Its length ts 825 miles, With a breadth of 740 miles, while our route extends #52 miles within Its borders, In area tt 1s equal to four New Englands, with land enough left’ to make several states as large as Connecticut, Two hundred and ten Rhode Islands could be carved out of its 274,308 square milea, Admitted into the Union tn 1845, 1n 1880 It had a population of 1,501,749 inhabitanta, and tt 1s claimed that 50 per cent increase has been added since the last census Out of its 226 coun- ‘Ues our route Lies through 19, several of which are larger than many of the AUantic states, In the eastern section of the state we through vas ried scenery, timber and irie, the land for the most part very Moving on westward we cross the Neches, Trinity jovi and jarris ri and soon reach Hi ‘& fourtshing city 30,000 yng 3 Mr. : HL Wiison, tia Spates spies 44 pe Ft was our DELIGHTFUL VISIT TO GALVESTON, a thriving city of 40,000 inhabitants, on the gulf. Ithasa beach Uhirty miles long, as smooth ax floor, and hard as ® trotting course. Cotton is here tho chict staple, apd’ viitto ove of the tm. mense was ‘our north- €m tourists. The Galveston News ie the heading Journal in the state. Its fire-proof building entire equipment are equal to that of any me. tropolitan journal in the north. | We were treated Fight royally by ite courteous editor. | Biddi teu to this beautiful city, we Journey wextw: Through a very fertile region, rich tn Its yield of cotton, sugarcane, corn, wheat and other cereals, Crossihg Une Brazds, tne Colorado, the San Marcos and Guadalupe rivera, we reach San Antonio, THE OLDEST INCORPORATED CITY IN TUR UNITED STATES, {tscharter having been granted by the king of Spain 154 years ago. Its population 1s 40,000, and {ts central location makes it the commercial me- {ropolis of the state. One who visite the place with visions of cowboys in deadly conflict with 1s, OF drunken brawlers lounging about tue Will be greatly disappointed to find a city asorderly as ahy at the north, ‘There Strange iningling of the customs of American aud Mexican life, The old town ts full of historic cle dents, t having been the theater of many a bloody struggle. It Was here that Santa Anna, with 4,000 ers, on Palm Sunday, eaptured 412 Amert oners, and while they Were singing the Song,’ “Sweet Home,” ordere plaza to be mercilessly shot. orrid barbaritles Unelt bodies we crisp. While Unis sceue Was belngenacied 144 brave men, under the lead of Travis and Davy Crockett, were fortified in the Alamo. ~The Hie garrison having appealed in vain for reiufores. ment. leader sald, “I ain determined If as long as possible, and die Uke a soldier who never fongets what 1s due to his 01 honor and that of his coutry, victory or death Fired with the spirit of their brave leader Tor ten days this heroic band withstood the assaults of Santa Anna's forces. Atlength a Dall from tne derced the brain of the brave rocket fell weltering in his slaughtered foes lay" in plies about the Walls of the Alamo. A shaft was erected to the memory of these hero#®, on Which Was Scribed this eloquent legend, “Thermopylae had its messenger of defeat, tle Alam) had none.” ‘This city Is the home of the wealthy Texas cattle herders. It is rich in old mission bulldiugs, dathug back nearly Uwo centuries. ‘They are ail owned by the Catholics, and the confessional, Ube altar, the candies and tinages are signal reiuluders of ue antiquated past.” The assessed valuation of the city 1s $16,273,900, and there are eigiteea persous Who pay taxes upon over $100,000, ‘The soll ts very rich and the country is well sup- plied with water from irrigating ditches fed from e Sau Pedro and San Antoulo rivers. ‘The ride Thment Hill, the headquarters of the de. Partment of ‘Texas, Was most delightful, and the outlook over the city and the broad outlying ex- panse Was a picture long to be remeiubered. Ke Turning again to our train, we are ‘OFF POR EL Paso, 632 miles distant, Gur train sweeps on through Vast regions of ferdle valleys and broad plains, Here and there we catch a glimpse of the low hut some energetic pioneer, the avant courier of a ug civilization. What vast prospective weal, 1s 1n store for Chose who live in the good time come ing, When his broad land shall have its 200,000,000 of inhabitants, Then these Vast stretches wil dotted with homes, and cultivation will hav ased the rain fall, and artesian wells be found, everywhere, and this will then be te ranehman's paradise. | This is said iu no Pickwicklan sen Lo the healthtulness of Unts region. [have t thority of a ranchman, Who declared Unat lived “a smart ways around here” and had had “hem shakes or jim jana” Del iio, Int iniles from San Antonio, has a mixed population of 1,200, and has 500 acres in grape Vines. Near Unis polut we get our first glimpse of the muddy Rio Grande and pass near by the mouth of the Grand cafon, Soon We enter the Dev py tives canon, ‘of five 203 OO feet above ater on a bridge 300 feet long. By e gradual scent we sweep OhWard along the Dabks uf the Kio Grande and pass through a tunnel 1.4% feet | long, and emerging thereirom move onward for inlicS under overhanging rocks sixty feet above the river-bed. Gur train comes to a stund still at Painted Cave siding. Climbing up a sleep prec pice we enter 4 VAST CAVERN HEWN OCT OF SOLID ROCK by the Great Master Builder. The area of this cave 1s fully an acre, and 1ts over-arching roof ts frescoed with pictures and hieroglyphics, the work of some unknown artist of the buried ‘past. For long years the Comanche Indians in this Stronghold iit their camp fires and defended them selves against their redskin enemies, out Sixty miles aWay upon the sides of the Santa Rosa, Mountains in Mexico, the sun ts painting wierd pictures in sunlight and shadow. Returning to our train, we pass through a tunnel 1,500 feet in ke traveling for miles through the bed of a Jost river, and soon reach the Peninsula Divide, AU Palsatio we reach an elevation of 5,082 feet above the sea, and Lhe mountain scenery Is simply magnificent. "The valley of the Rio Grande as we near El Paso is rich and fertile, growing immense crops of alfalfa imiliet and other cereals, while grasses and other fruits are raised in great pro- Tusion. The land bears two good crops each year. ‘There 18 an abundance of Water tor irrigati and the Rio Grande, rising auld the wild crags Colorado like the Nile of Egypt, enriches the soil of Uhis fertile valley, Atter journeying near 3,500 ilies and spending nine nights on a cr, We enter El Paso, not in the least fatigued, and ready for the four’ weeks’ sight-seeing in the city of Mexico and 1a the capitals of sone of the leading States in the Mexican contederac O.F.P. “os Mayor Hewit’s Unread Letter. THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY WILL PERISH IP IT DORS NOT ABSOLUTELY CONDEMN SECRET LABOR ORGANI- ZATIONS. Mayor Hewitt has furnished to the press a copy of the letter which he sent to the Young Men's democratic club of Brooklyn, to be read at their banquet Tuesday evening, but which was sup- The Of the letter containing ref juestion, 18 as follows: The principles of tne democratic party are sppeael in poilties, ‘aud ‘which mil onroy a) in politics, Which w iv ae Y uniess it is boldly confronted and the werous and iclous effect of its doctrines and. pri denounced und inade clear to the people. * 8 8 ee Within the iast ve years a secret has been growing in seeks to enslave the labor mnake it subject to the men unknown to the of unis country and irresponsible domination of le, Who are not officers & ever ' and and denounce in no juetted with this new AD and: i | if til f 2pesece a hal ‘Man.—Well, What do you think of our Chicago Man.—Oh, you're Going pretty well, Dut you'll have to get up earlier in Ube morning af you Sey