Evening Star Newspaper, October 6, 1883, Page 2

2 THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON: “SATURDAY. CITY A DISTRICT. THE GERMAN BI-CENTENNIAL. to be Commemorated Monday. THE MEANING OF THE CELEBRATION—INFLUENCE OF GERMAN IMMIGRATION UPON AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS — WHY THE GERMANS LEFT THE FATHERLAND—THE GERMANS AND THB ANTI- SLAVERY MOVEMENT—A TRIBUTE TO EIS COUN- TRYMEN BY MR, SIMON WOLF. The Event The German citizens of Washington are making preparations to celebrate, to-morrow and Monday, the bi-centennial of the settle- Tuent of the first colony of Germans in America, in a manner worthy to commemorate an event that has had so great an influence upon the history of the country. The program arranged for the celebration, which includes a concert to-morrow and a procession and mass meeting Monday, has been published in Tre Star. A Star reporter in search of light that Would bring out In bold relief tire spirit of this celebration, button-holed Mr. Simon Wolf, and opening his note-book said: “I want to know something about the history of German immi- gration to this country and its influence upon American institutions ?” “One of the creat factors, if not the greatest, In the development of the United States,” said Mr. Wolf, “has been German emigration, especi- ally s since 1820. Other nationalities havegiven some of their best mien and women to enrichthis country, but none so largely and permanently as Germany. German emigration in a sporadic form existed prior to 1683. Here and there were seattered a few Germans, who sought the shores of North America as a refuge and shelter, but it Was not until October 6th, 1683, that a real colony of Germans settied in this country, the piace being what is now known as German- | ‘n, Pennsylvania, and it is in commemoration of this event, German-Americans will on Sat- Sunday and Monday celebrate in every village of the United States, and nota- y so in Germantown, Brooklyn and our own ety of Washington.” “What causes have led to this emigration?” asked the reporter. “The cause that has led to the mass emigra- aid Mr. Wolf. “was in 1683, as clearly de- 1 as it isto-day. Either oppression ofthe n or conflseation of his property. The ven years, Napoleon's, oF 866-71, resulted not in bettering the D German popuiation, but in impoverish- ing their cond What gave rise to the first has wiven rise to the latest emizration. A de- sire to throw off a servile condition and enjoy in an unrestricted form liberty and the products of henest toil. Therefore. when the first colony, he leadership of Franz Daniel Pastor in 1653. the men, women and chil- ought with them the same rich treasures character that have so grandly char- i them ever since in this and every other countgy in whieh they sought domicile. They were strong and healthy in body and mind, industrious and frugal, free from bigotry, (ditfering in this particular very greatly from other 8); they had tasted the cup of ink from forcing it down the oftheir neichbors. They had left coun- and kindred, not in hate or anger, and full of human sympathy for their rsand the land of their birth. They trod this soil as men and women ripened under of stormy weather, and every storm ave them new life, and the ‘blood and Ta chancellor was crucibied ae Veins of his countrymen. lions of Germans J. and to-day rmans and thei ured of the m) centuries ago in punt! i ds er five miliions ants in the Unit and symbolize their principal RATIO: purpose: itizens, not aliens; Rot for politieal or sectari: they do not us to dietate terms or ery out b "OF are not, estimated socially stand as an integral part of this ! and point “with pride and ca satisfaction to their achievements in every walk of They heed not point tothe gieat thinkers in every fieid of art and science in Fatherland. whose brain labots t to the world. They can, right here at home name thousands who have enriched the annals of our country with historie ames. At home and abroad, in the primeval forest and the cleared prairies’ and savanuahs, on the tented fleld and on turdulent oceans, in the hut and palace. in the city and hamlet, in the workshop and countinzhouse,in the depart- Tents of the eroment and in the studio and closet of the brain artisans. everywhere, they have shown themselves equal to the best, and in many departments of skilled labor superior to ali, and they recognize all this, not as Ger- ans of the Germans, but as Americans of the Americans. The loyalty of the German-American to free- dom of thought and action, his firm, unswery- ing devotion to sound finances, stand out prominentiy in tie history ot this country. To him unquestionably than to any other one does this country owe thanks for destroying slavery, inspiring lib- erty and national honesty. Long before the abolition party was heard or dreamed of, the grand words, * Slavery is a crime and should not exist,” had been uttered by German colonists in this country, and by the very colony whose landing we are about celebrating. The German exiles of 1848, who fled to this country continued Mr. Woif, “formed the basis and inspiration of the republican party. Everywhere they identified themselves with the friends of liberty and ayaiust slavery. They sought no office. Self was foreign to their na- ture. ‘Their lines had not been cast in pleasant Places.” Hence their iatensity and devotion to and for repablican institutions. it was the German.-Americans of Missouri, Kentucky and Maryland during our late civil ‘War that upheid the flag of the Union,an’ stood asoiid phalanx against the heresy of secession, and when war actually came they were found on every battle field as heroic and self-sacrific- ing as those “to the manner born.” The woods of the great west have been cleared by them, and great cities, thriving villages and fer- tic fields have "taken their place. Fac- teries, foundries and = workshops ot every grade have been erected ‘by them, colleges, schools. hospitals and asylume founded. ‘They are pre-eminently the friends of thecommon school system. They are the createst foes of cant and hypocrisy in political and social prob- I . The curse of disintegration rested upon Germany and her sons tor centuries, but the last decade has witnessed A UNIFICATION OF GERMAN POWER and enterprise unparalleled in history, and the spirit that has achieved so much for fatherland has been caught up by the German-Americans on this side of the ocean. They are no longer divided, they are united, one in impulse, thought and action, and this celebration will exhibit unauimity as grand as it is gratifying, at not only have the German-Americans been the pioneers in avenue of agriculture, commerce, finance and the fine arts, they have also stood, and will forever stand, as ene man axainst the encroachments of personal liberty. They are temperate in all things, hence their bitter opposition against intemperate leqisla- tion. The Geruian American loves music and song: loves nature in all her wonderful manifes- tations. His spirit is free and unshackeled. He will not bear restrictions that are unnatural, unwise, unpatriotic and unrepublican. Ho seeks the widest, broadest liberty, but always in an orderly and temperate way. He lov and enjoys a holiday. He fees his family “with him. They share pis burdens; they partake of his pleasures, d this happy blending of the useful with the i has streugthened his physical and brain capacity, has made him In short a free reasoning being, Heisa Loheral en of the beautiful and eivine, he does not seek to enslave but to eman- ipa the preacherto him is a teacher, a dictator; he seeks sou! absojution in the arcana of nature, not in cloistered walls. In short, the real German-American 1s a model luau and patriotic ‘citizen. His domestic rela- are and pleasant, there is a vein of the patriarchal In the home of every true Ger- man. THE DUDE SYSTEM OF MODERN socreTy. nds Little lodzment in the circles of German- They are industrious, eco- ‘table and liberal; they are not ious, yet Independent; they love the United States more than any political party; their allegiance to factions is never sure; they ens who are not office seekers; they praise deservingly, condemn unsparingly, and man when any living principle of gov- or social order is assanited. And itis these traits, these achieyemente,” said Mr. Wolf, in conclusion, “that are to be ex- gunplified In a thousana ways on Monday next. We wish to call our American friends to this Peaceful Lanquet of the senses. We wish to im- press uvon them t at their German-American Reighbuis deserve their Fespect, | almost a dead letter must Lave a and homage; and that inthus honoring them oo themselves and our common coun- The Settlement of Germantown. SOME PACTS ABOUT THE FIRST GERMAN COLONY IN AMERICA—THEIR GOVERNMENT, DWELLINGS, INDUSTRIOUS HaBITS, £0. ‘s The bi-centennial the settlement of Ger- mans in America takes one back to the year 1681, in the town of Frankfort, where a society of Germans was formed with a view to send out settlers tothe new country. Through Francis Daniel Pastorius, a lawyer and agent for the society, 5,700 acres were bought from William Penn, near the city of Philadelphia, and the Ger- mantown settlement was first taken up August 12, 1683. This organization was first composed often gentlemen. They bought 25,(00 acres of land from William Penn, 22,377 acres were set apat for the Manatanny Patent, and the balance for Germantown. In 1683 immigration from Eurepe came pouring into the new world, England, Ireland, Wales, Holland and Germany being fairly represented. The Germans were from Cresheim, near Worms, and nearly all of them members of the Society of Friends, their conversion was due to William Ames, an Englishman, and a foremost advocate of the religious principles of the Quakers; like- wise also to the efforts of Wm. Penn. ‘They poster atal conscience sake. They were usually calles PALATINES. Their native cities Cresheim and Crefelt, were Palatinate. Shortly after thelr arrival, news came that a war ensued in Ger- many, and this Palatinate was laid waste by the French. Some of the settlers who were staying in Philadelphia for a time suffered considerably by a fire, but helping hands were found among the Friends. The passports of the settlers given them by their native authorities were written with gold ink on parchment and elegantly gotten up. Land was sold to them at one shilling per acre. Record is made of the following-named _ settlers: Pastorius, who was chief among them; Herman op den Graff, Dirk op den Graff,’ Abraham op den ’ Graff, Sewart Arets, Thomas Hunder, Abraham Tunes, Jan Lensen, Wm. Streygert, Reiner Tysea, Jan Lurken, Dennis Conrad, Wishert Leyering, who lived to the age of 109, and Jacob Snyder, who lived to be97. The houses were made of logs and the interstices were filled with river rushes, wattels and clay intermixed. These were of one story, with the gable ends to the street. Most of the roofs were tiled. Germantown was incorporated as a borough town by a ecuted in Engiand in 1689. Francis Daniel Pastorius was made first bailiff, Jacob Sellner, Dirk Isaacs, op den Graff, and Herman op den Graff, three burghers, to act as ex-officio magistrates and eight yeoman, all together formed a general court to sit once & month. They made laws and laid taxes. Somewhere in 1706, the town lost its charter tor want of a due election, officers could not be found willing to serve. Pastorius in a letter to Wm. Penn, sometime between 1701-2, stated his difficulty to get men to serve in the general court for ‘‘conscience sake,” and probably to the oaths used in court. His hope then was in the expected arrival of new emigrants. OLD CoURT RECORDS. : An extract from the records of the court will show the consideration and accommodation be- stowed in these days: 1692-3, the 2ist day of 12th month.—By reason of the absence of some, for religious meeting over Schuylkill, this court was adjourned till the 4th of 2d month, 1693.” “1701, the 20th day of 11th month. Reiner Peter, for calling the sheriif, on open street, a and liar, was fined 20 shillings.” [t'is doubted in these days if such an arraignment would satisfy the injured honor of th “1703-4, 8th day, 12th month. Georg for drunkenness, was sentenced to fi imprisonment. Item—to pay the constable two shilling for serving the warrant in the case of his laying a wager to smoke abovi one hundred pipes in one The inhabitants were highly spoken of by Penn » as being industrious, and with iar to themselves, They early began ufacture of linen and woolen goods and ished a good tgade. Benjamin Lay was to declare publicly against slave-holding. was in communion with Germantown ends, aud thts society in 1688 addressed the Philadelphia yearly mee! Burlinston “pro- testing against the buying men in declaring act irrecon Christian relig the first He Mr. Lewis MH. Dougiass and the Typo- graphical Uni To the Editor of Tae EveNIne Star: Sir: In your issue of the 8d inst. appears an interview between one of your reporters and a leader Im labor organizations, In the inter- view it was stated “that Fred. Douglass himselt has ason who used to belong to our Union.” In that statement Mr. Julian Wright (the gentleman interviewed by your reporter) Is inerror. The fact 1s that I (to whom Mr. Wright refers) was neither admitted to the Typographical Union, nor my admission or rejection ever voted on. The truth is that the Union treated me in an unfair, not to say cowardly, manuer. A committee of tud Unton, to which was referred my application, alter & most thorough investigation, reported in'favor of my admission. Under the rules of the Union a Vote should have been taken upon tie committee’s report. Instead of taking a vot~, the Union pro- ceeded to violut* its own laws by postponing con- sideration of the report. This postponing was gohe through with at several monthiy meetings of the Union; and now more than fourven years have glided by, and your humble servant 13 still ont in the cold and unger the ban of Typographi- cal Union No. 101. a few years since I appiled for Work in the state of New York, and was re‘used only because Typographical Union No. 101, of this city, had not admitted me to membership. That Union aliowed me to work 1n the Government Printing office nearly two years, for which {ts Members, no doubt, feel that I showla be graterul. Hts action, or non-action, however, nas left me in @ position which will compel me to go through an- other “investigation,” suould I apply for work at my trade in ay town or city whose printers are Union men, Lewis H. DovGLass. —_-__—_ The Accident at the B. & P. Railro: Station. F ‘To the Editor of Tae Evenrxe Star: Will you be kind enough to announce that Mr, Joho W. Gregg, who was seriously injured from being run into by a trainof the B. & P, raliroad Tuesday evening, is improving, and his physician hopes that he will soon be able to attend to his business again. ‘This ts another cas: of gross tent from Wm. Venn, ex-| negligence on the part of the railroad company in not providing necessary warning to those cross- ing their tracka. Mr. Gregg was on his way to the depot as u-ual at that time of the evening for milk sent him from Virginia, and on account of the construction of the bridge over 6th street, had. to cross the tracks at a point nesrer the depot, where all vehicles having business there have to pass. It was 7:30 o'clock and quite dark: there Was no flagman with lantern near enough to be of any service, so that he was in ignorance of the approaching train until he had gotten on the track and the engine was within a few feet; then a Man who was Cotes. & switch near by hal- lowed. He Instantly lized his terrible position and whipped his horse, but did not succeed in getting over the track before the locomotive came crushing Into his Waron, smashing it completely, and dragging him some distance. He received a 8-vere wound on his head, and It is a wonder that he escaped with his life, JW. —__—_~-e-___ Horrers of the Guillotine. President Grevy has again overcome his pre- Judice against capital punishment sufficiently permit another murderer to be exe- cuted, and Houy, the man who a few months ago murdered an old lady and her companion and afterwards robbed the house, was guillotined at Versailles on Monday. The execution was public, and about $00 persons, many of them women and young girls, witnessed the ghastly spectacle. Hae bi pacttnt Grevy would not so frequently refuse to sign death warrants were the gallows substituted for the guillotine. ‘The brutality ot the French mode of executing criminals is @ grave objection to capital punish. ment, and it is not strange that President Grevy commutes many sentences to imprisonment for life. There are about 200 murder trials in France every year, and the cells for murderers are full in nearly all the prisons ofthe republic. But the tact that the law of capital punishment is etul effect, and crimes of violence may be expected td increase under the present loose system of dealing with criminale. If it ts found tinpossible to substitate the zallows tor the guillotine, let the use of that bloody implement be witnessed ouly by officers of the law and representatives of the press, so that the brutalizing effect upon the public may be reduced to aninimum, and then let every murderer justly convicted suffer the extreme peualty of the law. Louisa Peffer, of Lancaster, Pa., who years of age, missed a train in Philadelphia, would not wait for the next one. She walked sone oer ltl papery afternoon and Friday evening. ¢ kept going night and day, resting at the wayside eight Lack of confidence in the police Lape of Philadelphia by bankers and merchants is shown by the Jact that banks and large stores have Tore watchmen. Thereafe in the city nearly 1,500 of them, : 1863 and THE DISTRICK MILITIA OF 1824. Interesting Facts—Captain W. W. Core coran—Lafayette’s Heception— The Truth of History Vindicated. To the Editor of Taz Evewrne Star: Your correspondent “Truth,” in Toe STAR.ot 26th instant, volunteersa flat contradiction of the statement made by me in a former commu- nication to the effect that Mr. John D. Clark was not in command of the imilitary organiza- tion known as the ‘Mechanical Riflemen,” of Georgetown, at the time of Lafayette’s visit to Washington, in 1824,and that my father.the late William Jewell, was in command on that occasion. He insinuates that I am pre- sumptaonsly stating facta of which. In conse- quence of ay extreme youth, I could have had no personal knowledge. He gratuitously com- pliments me with having “a very retentive Mmemory;” thinks that I “must have been a very precocious child,” and winds up his article with the usual effrontery of a man under cover of a mask by suggesting that I “‘will favor the public with my age in 1824.” It was a wise thing on the part of ‘‘Truth” to adopt a soubri- quet by which he could conceal his identity trom the public, which he pretends to be desirous of serving, while he puts questions toa man who has the independence to come out over his own signature in vindication ot thetrath of history,— wise, for the reason that he will thereby be able to ‘conceal the mortification incidental to the exposure of his ignor- ance of facts, which he 80 dogmati- cally asserts. The ‘Mechanical Riflemen” was, as its name imports, a company composed al- most exclusively of mechanics. I state this from personal knowledge of the tact. Not one of tke individuals named by “Troth” as the first officers of the company, ex- cept Mr. Clark himself and ir. H. W. Tilley, was a mechanic. Colonel John I. Stuli was cashier of the Farmers and Mechanics’ bank, the two Cruikshanks were booksellers, and Capt. William B. Randolph was a clerk in the Treasury department. Now, with such men in its ranks as Judson Mitchell, Ninian Beall, Robert Mumby, John White, George W. Haller and William Jewell, all of whom were me- chanics, and either one of whom woutd have Teflected credit. on the position, is it probable that this company of mechanics—a class always tenacious of its rights—would have gone out- side of its own organization to select for its chief officers bayk clerks, government clerks and booksellers? And yet, ccordingto “Truth’s” veracious history, they must have been beset with difficuities in securing officers. But in further refutation of his incorrect statements, permit me to say that every one of the persons named by “Truth,” except Mr. Tilley and Col. Stull (colonel by promotion, having been com- missioned a captain in 1812), were at this very time in command of other and separate ilitary organizations, as I shall proceed to show. It was at this period that the militia law of 1810, which had grown obsolete by disuse, was re- vived, and the citizens of the District of Columbia were required to“organize under that law into companies, elect officers and meet for drill once every month, or on failure thereof to be sub- Jected to fine. Subsequently, on the 3d of March, 1825, an act of Congress, supplementary to the act of 1810, was passed for “arming the militia of the District of Columbia.” This act was rendered necessary in order to legalize the action of the War department ih furnishing arms, as it had done in certain cases, to uni- formed companies without requisite authority of law, and to enable it to furnish such other militia organizations with arms as might require them, whether uniformed or not. All this mili- tarv fervor of the period was the result of its becoming known that General Lafayette pro- posed at no distant day to revisit the United States. Under the provisions of the above- named acts ot Congress numerous companies were organized,—they electing their officers and the gor ment furnishing them with arms. Of these organizations I name from personal re- collection and in the order in which they came into existence: First, the ‘Marion: Riflemen,” commanded by Capt. William: B> Randolph— their uniform,a dark blae huntihg shirt or blouse and trousers, trimmed with rea fringe, block bear skin cap, with a buck’s tall on the side, and carrying powder horns suspended by a red cord over the shoulder; second, the “United Blues,” an infantry company under the com- mand of Capt. Thomas Corcoran—unitorm, dark blue @oat, of the swallow-tail order, trimmed with white lace and silver-plated bell buttons, and pantaloons of the same color. The privates of this company wore also white belts and straps crossing on the breast and back to support the bayonet, when not fired, and the cartridze- thelr‘caps were of blue cloth, trimmed with white cord and white pompon; ‘3d, the “Me. chanical Riflemen,” commanded by Cant. Win. Jewell; uniform, green frock “coat ‘and panta- loons, trimmed with yellow laceand (coat) with yellow bell buttons, and cap of green cloth, hay- ing three black ostrich feathers in front; and 4th, but somewhat later, an artillery company, commanded by Capt. William W. Corcoran; uniform, dark blue suit, trimmed with red lace. Besides the above there were two other organizations at this time. which were not uni- formed, commanded respectively by the cap- tains Charles and Richard Cruikshank. So that it is utterly preposterous to assert that Ran- dolph or elther one of the Cruikshanks could have. served with any propriety as officers of the *‘Mechanical Riflemen,” as as- serted. Capt. Randolph was created a “brigade major,” after having served two or tnree years ‘as captain of the ‘Marion Riflemen,” on 24th September, 1824, Just about the time or but a few months previous to the time that it is claimed by “Truth” he was elected captain of the “Mechanical Riflemen.” Does this ap- lee reasonable? He continued to command his company, however, until the arrival of Gen. Lafayette, and was present as captain on the occasion of his reception in Washington. The “Mechanical Riflemen” was organized in the early part of the year 1824, as I have good rea- son to believe. The lieutenants of the com- pany at that time were George W. Haller, Ninian Beall and Henry W. Tilley, and | am strongly impressed with the belief that Mr. John D. Clark was the orderly sergeant, though I will not be positive of that, as I never knew of his drilling the company—a duty which I believe belongs to the office. The company was drilled by my father almost every night in the second story of an old warehouse still standing on the north side of Water street, in Georgetown, on which occasions I was always permitted to be present. I was no baby at the time, and not un- usually “precocious.” ‘These nightly drills were continued for many weeks before a uniform was adopted. A committee was at length appointed, of which iny father was chairman, to design a uniform tor the company, which duty was per- formed to the satisfaction of the company, and after some slight modifications the report of the committee was adopted. The company celebra- ted its first “4th of July” after it was uniformed, (I donot remember whether it was before or after the arrival of Lafayette, but I think it wassubse- quent to that event) in Dean’s Rope Walk in “Parrott’s Woods (this is the ground lying be- tween Mrs. Boyce’s residence on Road Georgetown, and Oak Hill cemetery). A sub- stantial dinner was served on the occasion, when an oration was delivered by my father, while Mr. Judson Mitchell read the Declaration of Independence. The toasts on the occasion were prepared by my father, and the identical copy then used, in his own hand-writing, was up toa late date, and I presume still is, in the pos- session of his family. _I do not state these tacts to magnify my father, who passed from this sphere over twenty-five years ago, but to sus- tain the position first assumed that he was leading man in his company and active in its organization and to show that he was the man most likely to have been selected as its commanding officer. We have heard of the compliment paid by La- fayette to the captain of the ‘Mechanical Rifle- men” on the “drill of his men.” Just the same story which I heard twenty timesrepeated fifty- nine years ago, and which I always regarded as bosh, for one reason, if tor no other, and there were better ones, that my tather, who should have been the recipient of it, never spoke of any such compliment. At the reception of La- fayette there were 1,200 District troops in line. Can any one believe that Gen’l Lafayette would be guilty of such unparalleled impropriety at such a time as to single ont any one company, all there to do him honor, upon which to pass encomiums? Impossible! I regret to have to call in question any statement of Mr. Clark,— his age demands respect, but his memory is de- fective. and he has got eventsa little mixed. His chronicler, with more geal than knowledge, and less judgment, plunges into statements, which he has no means of sustaining, in such a id and reckless manner that he deserves no ich consideration. ‘I will settle him In few words,and shall now tle controveray by evidence which fortunately he can not contradict. I have made the claim that William Jewell was captain and in command the “Mechanical Riflemen” at the Leg eecne Gen. on Octol 12, 1824. EVENIn aR October 15, 1881, for article entitled ‘A Dis- tinguished French Visitor.”) The records the War department show that William Jewell was commissioned a captain of D. O. militia September 17, 1824, twenty-siz arrival of Lafayette, of | saw the bear commission as ‘in, and nineteen months after Lafayette pad aus Tniled States. Will any sane man, belie) qthat Mr. Clark accepted a 3d lieatenantéy in his company after having been its captain three previously, as he claims to have been? * thls. made the claim that Mr. fhe tles that that was coinmissioned as cap- tain March %, 1! thus ranking Mr. Clark an- other year fitter. company was then on sts pan; last lege,‘amd wis finally disbanded in 1820. The presumptiong is that Mr. Clark never rose above a Sdlieutengnt. Now, Mr. “Truth,” put all this and smoke it, and give us in youi no more pire of history over the abused name of trath, and in your next article sign your propesinames-it will be interesting to the public. cori evalibit.” ‘ 'HOMAS JEWELL. MIASSAGE. The New Treatment for Disense— Mineading the Human System—Mas- sage Manipulators—interesting Ac- count of the System, Etc. Massage may be properly called, in this coun- try, @ new treatment for disease, although in some foreign countries it has been known, and applied, tor quite a period of years, with more or less success according to the knowledge and Perfection ot the science. The word massage is derived from masso, a Greek word,which means to knead or handle, and is anglicised into‘rub- bing, kneading, percussing, and otherwise ma- nipulating or exercising the outside tissues of the human body with a view to restoring them to their natural condition. In this respect it is & distinctive form of treatment; and where a cure is effected without medicine it stands out still more distinctive and remarkable. The Swedish movement cure, the Turkish bath,some forms of calisthenics, and similar efforts to aid and strengthen the nerve force of the body, are either outgrowths from, or have a similarity to, massage. But the original method seems more particu- larly adapted to those who are in weak, nervous or paralytic conditions—such as cannot by any efforts of their own, develop or strengthen the forces necessary to a permanent reliet or cure. It is applicable to both sexes, although more particularly to females, who are more frequently attacked with various forms of nervous dis- eases. MASSAGE MANIPULATORS are called Masseurs (for females, Masseuse), and these to be efficient and reliable must under- stand both the theory and practice of Massage, else more harm than good may be done. The more fully they understand and practice the principles of the science the more valuable their services become. Imperfect knewledge would lead the patients and the public to consider both the theory and practice a humbug, This method of treatment should not be confounded with the generally fraudulent practices of ‘lay- ing on of hands,” touching and other manipula- tions, which have no bases but superstition or fancy. It has nothing whatever to do with such practices. Its system is deep. theoretic and thorough, and its practice must accord with aknowledge of the system. Manipuiation ts only efficient and. beneficial to. the extent that its application is gonnected with the theory, so that it maysbe applied knowingly. The Masseur must have @ thorongh: knowledge of the human system. of -the character and nature ot the dis- ease, the natureagd condition (so tar as is pos- sible) of the patient, and when, where, how and how much to manipulate. Thus it appears that it is no small matter to become an expert Mas- seur. And if the yew treatment is really valu- able (as seems to be the case) then the expert becomes inyaluabie in the art of treatment. In some i 4 * INDIVIDUAL Cases massage is Of the greatest importance, in others but secondary, agd in still others of no ‘tise. Frequently it effeots a perfect cure; sometimes only a partial or témporary relief, and in fewer cases it 1s qbsolutfly injurious. Therefore. the characteristics of ,the patient and the disease aillicting him must, or ought to be, thoroughly studied in yorder;to know whether or not to apply massage. It is not like a patent medi- cine, a pretended cure all; its methods come in only where they are needed and conditioned to the system, and its cures are in proportion to its special effectiveness and the natural tact, patience, skill and strength of the masseur. OPROSITION TO IT. LIFE IN WESTERN COLORADO. Letter from Glenwood nm Ime valid’s Account—The Curative Prop- erties—A Primitive Town—Tender- foot’s Retreat, Etc. Correspondence of Tae Evexixe StaR. GLENWoop Sprinas, Sent. 25. Glenwood consists of about twenty-five tents and a few small frames, and its population on the average is abousf200, from ten to twenty persons arriving and about the same number departing daily. The town site is patented to a company, including the springs, and evidences of contemplated improvement are not wanting. A large frame is being erected for hotel pur- Poses, and a contract for a million brick is being carried out in a spirited manner at one end of thecamp. It is ramored that the Denver and Rio Grande company is negotiating for its pur- chase. If they get the place and run their road in, Its future is assured. Lots arequoted at 850 to @200; no transactions of recent date are noted. It is surprising how little Its citizens know about this place. There is nothing like a reliable analysis of the springs even. It will probably be made the county seat. The election takes place imNovember. It is d stant about 100 miles from Leadville, about 40 from Aspen, about 20 from Carbonate (only a horse trail), 50 from Ashcroft. 65 from Red Cliff. Its altitude is aid to be 5,700 feet, and its climate something like that of Denver, but it rains some every few days, and a neighboring mountain Is covered with carly snow. The thermometer rangesfrom 60 to 85 degrees during the day in fine weather through the summer months, the nights being always cool. As at present located, it is quite unlike its arrangement on paper; tents are set up to suit the fancy of the squatter, street lines being not only disregarded, but unmarked and generally unknown. While the law prohibits the killing of game for sale, the town is well supplied, sub rosa, with venison and elk milk, which are sold at a few cents a pound; coffee, sugar, flour, etc., are hauled from Leadville and other cities, and are consequently pretty dear. There are three large country stores, all tents; they are board- ing up the sides, however, preparing for a win- ter’s stay. As may be inferred, prices are rather high; the long haul has much to do with this condition. There is no post office here, only a mail carrier; one is about to be established—so sald; one gets used to irregularity of mail ser- vice in this new country. At present this is essentially A POOR MAN'S WATERING PLACE. Miners affected with syphilis, lead poison, rheumatism, paralysis, etc.. come here from Leadville and the neighboring camps in greatest number; they usually club in pairs, buy their own food, share the same tent and cook for themselves. The baths are quite free; the con- veniences one finds in them, such as stools and foot-boards, as well as the tents over them, are supplied gratuitously by grateful patients or thoughtful residents. This class make up the majority; they openly denounce the people in Washington for not reserving these springs, and scout the idea ot any company enclosing them and hoiding them at a price for admission. But the springs are visited by persons trom ether walks In life. Judge Franklin H. Waite, of Mankato, Minn., left us lately much relieved from rheumatism. Several other lawyers are here, mostly from Leadville. Judge Stansell lives near at hand in ‘his tent with ladies and friends. Many women and children are also noticed at the baths; in fact, more ladies are observed here in propor- tion than at any place visited since leaving Lead- ville—some for health, bathing and using the waters; others for business, keeping boarding tents, charging generally $10 a week. Persons afflicted with geut, inflammatory rheumatism, all manner of blood diseases, and affections of variows sorts, visit these springs. Many come here for recreation also, some from distant places, In all kinds of vehicles, and living to suit the fancy. Itisa stopping place for hunters, prospectors, commercial and other travelers in the mountains. Tent accommodation fur sleep- inje1n eool weather is not the best; neverthe- leas: Nobody “catches cold.” Mining on a small Seale Ie followed in the near hills. THE SPRINGS AND THE WONDERFUL CAVES. Inthe cliff heretofore spoken of are several caves, onty one of large size being easily reached. This is called Smoky cave, and smells to suit itsname. The root is covered with a substance Jike pitch. On inquiry it is found that it has only recently been cleansed by fire from the accumulations of ages of bats, owls, etc. The other large ones are only reached from the top, the visitor being lowered by a rope. They are said to contain beautiful specimens of stalactites. and to be highly interesting. That It is but recently that this system has claimed | Maret” the town is a hot cave, where sweat- the atttention of scientists—especially the medi- cal frateraity—in the United States. And it has, like all other Innovations, medical or other- wise, met with more or less prejudice and oppo- sition, and still encounters obstacles of that sort amongst the general class of medical practi- toners. Others regard it as a sort of fanciful and innocent novelty or craze, which will of itself die out; but the more learned and cele- brated physicians who have given it thought and attention, have come to the conclusion, sensibly enough, that there is power and effec- tiveness In it, andfavor its introduction to their science as a valuable ally. WHERE IT I8 USED. Except in some of our large cities, notably Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Cin-. cinnati, (and to some extent in Washington) it is comparatively unknown. But in those men- tioned it has gained in importance and popular- ity, especially with those of paralytic and nerv- ous tendencies. The process, generally, is to enlarge and develop contracted muscles and tis- sues, or, in nervous troubles, to use friction or other peculiar action upon the system, thus vitalizing the energies and exhilarating dor- mant forces and causing the venai fluid to attain its normal circulation by removing impediments that medicine cannot reach. ‘The application is made with more or less en- ergy and strength, according to the condition or needs of the patient or asthe parts most affected require, There are passive, resistive and assis- tive movements. Friction,’ percussion, knead- ing, rolling, electrizing, &c., are all, more or less, used as means to aid in the final results; and the more the patient improves, generally speaking, the more he can bear these appli- ances, (which properly used, are simple and harmless,) one or all, as required, until nature itself steps in and asserts its ability to use its own means. Sometimes medicine is used as an aid, sometimes not. MANY REMARKABLE CURES have been effected without the use of medicine, Still, massage and medicine are usually more or less dependent upon each other—the-one, as it were, regulating the outside, and the other the inside of our wonderful mechanism when out of order. In manipulating, sometimes the whole body receives treatment; in other cases, only particu- lar parts ot the body, or the disease may be fol- lowed as it attracts different localities. Even the bones and other sub-cutaneous portions, not generally focluded in this system of treat- ment, are often benefited. Relaxed or contrac- ted joints or ligaments, especially in infants and youths, areespecially susceptible to treatment, ‘and cases are on record where, in such troubles, fecd pecs areoured. In most cases nourish- ing food, fresh #r (and exercise, if possible), and similar helps, should be present to aid the ‘masseur. The patient should be freed, if possible, from all that whieh tends to injure the system men- tally or physically. Melancholia and dementia have, in many Cases, been very ae treated and ofteniprevented by an early reso! to this form af treatment. In eases of sleeplessness, it fs almost always an effective remedy, thus takitg the place of opiates. After & thorough( manipulation there is a refreshing lethargy asa It, and sleep soon follows this cendition. !In Washington, several ot our po ular physidians Wave become cognizant of its effects, and‘have recommended its adoption as the needs of thelr patients require. Electricit; seems, in sbme Cases, to be jally adi to this method But three or tour, possib! @ dozen ior in this city, and those, I think, known only toa few of the pone physicians, or at the train- ins school for nurses, and if the efficacy of this treatment was more thoroughly known, their efforts would be taxed to the utmost. Professional hunbugs should not betolerated. Atheoretical and practical expert should be, and generally is, known and recommended by some pereinent physician where the ‘1 ————+e- _____ One Brother Mistakes Another for a Bear and Shoots Him. A Meanomonee, Wis., dispatch says: Wednes- day evening Christ Beguhn went hunting for a bear that had been near his farm, a few miles from here. While on the watch he thought he end fired. Being further, he returned home and Sencesthe meer In the morning. This mo wi ing to start, his ee pple nee) hired man came over maki wiries tor him. Suspicions red to baths are taken by nearly all invalids. The en- trance is too contracted to admit very stout persons, but once in, there Is room for three or four on the sweat-bench. Blasting will soon open a better passage. A small, hot stream flows within, which, trickling down through the floor of the cave, forms a beautiful dome under the cliff. This dome is partially covered by bright-green slime, has several small openings in its sides, and itself covers apiping-hot spring. There is about room to crawl in through the openings and to bathe under the dome, the spring being very hot, and the space contracted, it Is not used. As to the hot springs, they are estimated to number from forty to fifty. ‘They flow from the rocks or from the earth in little rivulets. The bathing places consist of holes scooped in the gravelly soil about the size of a large bath-tub, into which these rivulets are led, a place of exit being also provided for the water. Tents are placed over thesé holes, and here we bathe. Hardly any two are of the same temperature or composition. Some are tolerable only by the few, being too hot for most persons; others have to be cooled by pouring in river water in quan- tity to make them bearable; while one is fre- quented by the thin-skinned as being just hot enough for comfort, and avoided by others as being toocool. Not more than six or eight are inuse, they being sufficient to accommodate; the others flow into the river. The duration of the bath is anywhere from five to fifteen min- utes, according to the fancy or thickness of hide of the bather. A large and very hot spring (or series of springs) on the right bank torms a good sized creek of about an eighth of a mile; here after sundown many swim, no toll being exacted after six o'clock on the bridge. As to composition, a few analyses have been Socotra |e made. Tend«rfoot has been unable to get a copy Of any, but will attach one if it can be ob- tained. All but one contain common salt, one in quantity sufficient to pickle; this latter is hottest, and will cook an egg in five to elzht minutes. It will turn silver placed in It gold color, so said, and is the source of the swimming bath before mentioned. Sulphur is present, bat not In great quantity; soda is said to occur. with magnesia. Rumor has it that there are fifty in- gredients. EFFECTS NOTED. The large amount of salt at first causes much thirst; after drinking for a few days this The water is generally drank at the temperature of very hot tea. It Isa sure purgative without ping but acts more Teadily and strongly on some than on others. Ita action on kidney and liver is decided; ite effects on the bladder are stimulating, causing ee some while lying wl There is a feeling of lassitude and weakness on leaving the bath that wears away !n an hour or 80. Using the water canses breaking out of pimples all over on syphilides sometimes, after making them serverely sick and feverish. CURATIVE ACTION. The curative reputation of these hot springs Comes down by tradition from the Ute Indians, who set great store by them and left them re- luctantly when moved from the country. It is to be that this reputation is still tra- ditional, although they have been known to the whites for about three years, and frequently visited by them. There is no doctor here, this splendid opening is suggested for an bitious practitioner, who should be a fair z i zz MUSICAL AND DRAMATIC. WASHINGTON THE NEW FIELD FOR DRAMATIC PLAYS—DOLLARS 4ND SENSE—“HIS LITE HATCHET” —“‘RIP VAN WINKLE” AGAIN, ETC. — There will be a fine It of comedy at the | HOISTING FREEDOM'S STATUE. Charies F. Thomas Experience sa mece From the New York Sun, Charies F. Thomas, the mechanical engineer who placed the statue of Preedom on the Capl- theaters next week. At the National Mr, Daly's tol in Washington, lives with his family tn a cot. successful play of “7-20-8" will be produced. At Ford's Miss EMe Elisler will appear in Gun- ther’s comedy of ‘Courage.” It has made a decided hit elsewhere. — “Fedora,” Sardou’s new play written for Sara Bernhardt, was produced in New York this week by Fanny Davenport, and scored a success. The imitation of it, Romonoff, as pre- sented by Miss Thompson, has been withdrawn. — Messrs. Gilbert and Sullivan's new comic opera is being rehearsed at the Savoy theater, onion, and will be produced there in No- vember. —The preliminary performances of the new version of ‘The Flying Dutchman” before it is Produced in New York city, will be given in Newark next week with Mr. Stockton and Miss Helen Bancroft in the principal roles. — Boker as author and Barrett as actor have conjointly made the hit of the New York dramatic season, thus far. by the brilliant repre- | g99 sentation of ‘Francesca di Rimini,” at the Star theater. The play has a thrilling story, it is finely acted a superbly mounted. — Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Florence have appeared at the Grand Opera House, New York, this week, in ‘Facts; or, His Little Hatchet,” a comedy drama in four acts. The scene is laid in Washington, on the Hudson and at West Point. The play is purely or essentially a char- acter sketch, in which Mr. and Mrs. Florence were both at their best. — “Dollars and Sense,” a new play, the scene of which is partly located in Washington, was produced at Daly's New York theater this week and met with success. It is the opinion of the critics, though, that there are neither Dollars nor Sense in the piece. — Miss Ida Myers, of Baltimore, a pupil ot Madame Marches!. who has been singing with great success in Jtaly during the season, arrived in Paris last month. Miss Myers is said to possess a high, light soprano voice of very pleasing quality. — Mr. Joseph Jefferson's new engagement, which will be a very important one, will beginat the Union Square theater New York, on next Monday evening. Mr. Jefferson will’ then ap- Pear as Golightly in “Lend Me Five Shillings,” and Caleb Plummer in “The Cricket on the Hearth.” His version ot the latter play was Presented at the Winter Garden twenty-five Yeurs ago. —Miss Nellie Evarest, the American contralto for whose future career Madame Christine Nils- 80n prophesies such brilliant achievements, has arrived in Paris to commence her musical studies. Miss Evarest isa native of Philadel- phia, her father being Professor Evarest, of the university of that city. — W. E. Sheridan, the tragedian, and Miss L. Davenport have arrived in San Francisco by, the steamer Zealandia, from Australia. <The scenery and properties from the Ly- ceum theater, London, which will be used by Mr. Henry Irving in his American tour, were brought to New York Tuesday by the steamer Lydian Monarch. — Miss Lillian Russell is to appear at the Savoy theater. London, next month, in the new comic opera by Gilbert and Sullivan. — Mr. Grau’s French company, now playing at the Fifth Avenue theater, New York, is per- haps the most excellent troupe that he ever brought to this country, and this Is also the most successful season, with artists like Aimee, that Mr. Grau ever had. —John McCullough appears to be in excel- lent heatth and is playing very large engaze- ments throuzhout the west. His Chicago houses were never so large as this season. — Wallack’s theater opened last Monday night for the season, which, judging from the pro- gram, promises to be unusually brilliant. “Masks and Faces” is the present play. This is to be followed by a new romantic drama, “Moths,” founded on Quida’s novel. Next in order will be a revival ot “The Road to Rui which has been for thirty years a standard W: lack attraction. Then weure to see “Impulse, a new London sensation by the author of “Diplomacy.” — Madame Ristori, in her old age, and with her strength almost exhausted, actually intends to put into execution a long-cherished plan of appearing in English, and intends to open her campaiga at Bath very shortly. She has en- caged the foune and clever daughter of Herr Kuhe, the Brighton music master, to support her—Mias Georgine Kuhe, whose talent is highly spoken of by competent Jndges. —Frank Sanger’s “Bunch of Keys” combina- tlon played to 88,000 during their week's stay in Cincinnati at Robinson's Opera House, and scored the hit of the season In that city. — The eclrcuses are showing signs of peterng out. Fore; 8 closes at Williamsport, Pa., Oct. 18; Donors at Hannibal, Mo., 20th, and Cody and Carver's Wild West show, at Omaha, Neb., 27th. — Atlanta gave “Only a Farmer's Daughter” a thousand-dollar house. All good attractions have done remarkably well in the south the present season. — Madame Sembrich sailed trom Liverpool by theGermanic on Thursday last to join Henry Abbey's opera company. Nilsson has already arrived. Most of the other artistes are now on the water. —Carrie Swain appears to have become a prime favorite in New England. For a month past she has been repeating her dates of last season, and almost invariably to increased busi- ness, and yet in Washington she was a failure. —A gentleman who has just arrived from Paris said to a New York Mirror reporter: “Last night I saw ‘Excelsior’ at Niblo’s, sitting In a $1.50 seat, for which I was obliged to pay 8 toaspeculator. Three weeks ago I witneased a performance of the same spectacle at the Eden Theater, Paris. In most respects the New York luction is equally as good as the other one. could see very little difference between the two ballets.” — Clara Loulse Kellogg says she starts upon her annual concert tour, October 8 at Rochester, under the management of Fred Schwab. She has about ten week's time for the western cir- cuit, and first-class offersto gosouth. Although the inducements are she does not care tine Sternberg, will be dent on Thursday next sador. Hauk — tage at 32 1ith street, Rrooklyn. He ix of stalwart proportions. A long gray beard gives him a venerable ap) . but bis keen eyes are restless and sy le when he talke. “You see that framed certificate onthe wall?’ he said. “Well, that was signed by Abraham Lincoln twenty years ago, a month before he Was aseassinated. It testifies that “Mr. Thomas, superintendent of construction of the new dome. placed the statue of Freedom on the dome on December 2. 1863, at 12 m., and that the scaffolding whereby the tholus was built and the statue was raised to its position was de- signed and erected by him,” “Iwas elght years building the dome and placing the statue in position. You see under that glass beil on the table yonder a model of the top o& the new dome, the statue, and the circular scaffolding. whose top Isabove the head of the statue. That little model, a few inches Nigh, and whose larcest timbers are no bigger than matches, will sustain a weight of 100 pounds. The ‘elevation of the top of the scat- folding on the western face of the Capitol was feet. Two workmen and myself only were allowed to go on the structure. We climbed to the top by means of cleats fastened to one of the uprights. Washington ie a windy place, Gusts used to come fr a ¥ pince. “The head of the statue was hoisted to ite Position by means of an eyebolt in the cluster of feathers in the helmet of the statue. The fnstant it settled into place thirty-tour guas were fired by @ park of artillery east of the Capitol, and the guns of all the forte near Washington responded, “It was by the wish of Jefferson Davis that the head of the statue was crowned with the helmet, surrounded by a circiet of stars and topped off with an irregular but picturesque bunch of feathers. Mr. Davis was Secretary of War In 1855. The sculptor, Crawford, designed a statue of Freedom with the Liberty cap. To the cap Mr. Davis objected, becanse, he said, the cap was worn by freed slaves among the . ancient Greeks. Mr. Davis objected that the de- sign suggested that Americans had been slaves. Mr. Crawford objected to a change. Nevertheless he pre} a design similar to that now on the Capit Davis approved it, and it was ad |. At once newspapers opposed to Mr. Davis in polities sald that his motive In securh the change in the design was that he did n want an emblem un the Capitol which indicated that slaves could ever be made free. “After the scaffolding was partly removed I stood on the feathers of the helmet, while @ Photographer took my picture. He ‘couldn't say, “Look pleasant,’ or ‘Hold your chin a little ner, please,’ because he wasat south Ist street New Jersey avenue. I tied a rope through the eyebolt in the center of the top of the head, so that a bight was formed, which hung down the sloping side of the head. I placed my right foot in the bight. ‘The left foot was on the top of the head. Standing thus the photograph was taken. In thesstereoscopic view which Mr. Thomas has his form looks like that of a blackbird newly lighted on Liberty’s head. “After the photographer had dropped his hand- kerchief to signify that he had done with me, I dropped on my right knee and took a hammer from one pocket and some steel dies of letters, from another pocket. Wit on each die 1 stamped words on the toy her of the plume. They have never been seu by any one but myself, and will not be in a thousand years. T believe the statne will never need repairs. The words are as follows: . Lincoln, President of the Walter: Architect 18,2. 8 . N “Is It a fact that Vaican’s face in the allegorl- cal painting in the eye of the dome, over the ro- tunda, ts your portrait?” “It is a fact.” Joseph Jefferson’s Summer Home on Saddle Brook—The Great Actor's Ime teresting and Hospitable Family— Rip’s Visit to the Scenc of His Long Sleep. The old story of Joe Jefferson's retirement from the stage bas been revived. It Is said that this is his last season and that he ts to settle down on his Louisiana plantation to pass the balance of .bis.days, In perfect rest and quiet. Mr. Jefferson is of too active a temperament to admit of such a plan, for he ts perhaps as rest= less a gentleman as may be found. Even when, after the close ofa season traught with tolls that would weary out many @younzer man, he hur- ries to his summer home on Saddle Brook, at Hohokus, New Jersey, for rest, he has hardly got comfortably settled when friends who has- ten to pay their respects are surprised to hear that he bas gone salmon-fishing in Canada or to the lakes of Maine. He reached his home after such a tour this season and was to remain some four week, but when next reported he was at the Catskills, It said that often his love for fishing, which ts almost supreme, is lost as his long vacations near their close, and he longs to get to work again. Joe Jefferson will tread the stage as long as he hasno infirmities. Thesouthern home of this great actor is a marvel of comfort and elegance, and will be occupied by his two sons and their families permanently after the close ot their esent engagements. This immense plantation ts at New Iberia, La., and comprises thousands of acres, upon which may be found everything appropriate to that climate. It is surrounded by a close hedge of rosea, and has lakes with gemey fish, and feathered game abounds, so that the proprietor need not leave his own premises to enjoy the sports of the season. The plantation is an island some ten miles from the city. When Mr. Jefferson is at home his hospitality is called into play by a con- tinuous stream of ds. A “caller” usually spends three days, ard the entertainment offered by the host is princely. The house ts of great size and built so that there are no upper Tooms. A Japanese room was fitted up by Mr. Jefferson last year, and is such an object of in- terest that it is constantly inquired for by some new visitor who has made the trip for the pur- The two sons who have decided to make this their permanent home have been summering for two seasons in a pretty cottage nestled under @ hill in the romantic village of Hohokus. It is a lovely little house, and almost any day when Mr. Joe Jefferson fe at home visitor ut this little retreat was sure to find “Rip” acalier at his sons’, and romping with his grandchildren. He is a most affectionate father, and idolizes both children and their olive its. Mr. Chas, B. Jefferson, the oldest son, a lovely wife and three children. He is his father’s manager in their profession. Thomas, the husband of has two handsome babies. He is Besides the ink 5 these a single daughter, Miss Josie, isa lady of high attainments, wor- shiped by friends. in a farewell ing F : i | i s Ba 8 iE aE eeF S82 5 E i 5s Pe g 5 3 | i BE [i i {i ? i Hi el i i i ki a } Hs He tt | é fl i tl i a8 F a 2 ha