Evening Star Newspaper, June 21, 1882, Page 2

THE EVENING STAR: WASHINGTON WEDNESDAY, THE GIBSET DS STIFF AND ERECT WAITING FoR C—ITS SERVICES IN THE PastT—now IT is TRUCTED—AND HOW IT WILL BE PREPAKED FOR USE OS THE 90TH. The scafold on which Guitean will be hanged das beea used heretofore, and is of the pattern im use here since 1860. One of this pattern was erected for the execution of Foley, a soldier, for the murder of his sergeant, but was not then Used, as the sentence was commuted. Subse- quently it was used in the execation of Augustus Ford In 1863, Lawrence Tuell for the murder of his wife in 1364, and others at the old Jail, 4th and G streets northwest. The scaffold now standing in the northeastern corner of the jail ‘differs trom the old one oniy In being built of heavier timber, in being painted, and in the ar- rangement of the trap, which is worked bya rope, in a box, running beneath the platform to the interior of the prison, The old one could be worked In the same way, or by pressing a treadle on the platform. Those who will offi- ciate on the 30th instant have had such expe- rience that they feel confident that there will be no accident on that day. Under the wardenship of Gen. Crocker there have been twelve persons executed, and the executions have always been successful, no accident having ever occurred, unless the cutting off the head of Stone can be called such. In every instance the neck has been broken. There was one case in which there was some doubt, but on examination It was found that the vertebra had been dislo- cated. The instrument of death stands now in the east area of the north wing ot the building, where it was erected for the execution of BABE BEDFORD AND EDWARD QUEENAN, two colored men convicted of the murder of young Hirth, and hanged November 19th, 1880. ‘The area in which it stands isreached by some dozen steps from the rotunda, is 16 feet wide, nearly 70 feet long. As it will be necessary to keep fully 30 feet of the length of the area clear, besides a passageway, even If the law did not ‘vent it, the number who can view the execu- will be very small. Technically, the strue- ture is “undressed,” the ropes being stored within the building. The box threugh which the rope runs into the cell where the unseen operator is stationed to pull it is on the plat- form, while a block prevenis the trigger pulling out the bolts which hold the trap in place. The seaffold was built in the jail in 1879 for the exe- cution of James Peyton, a colored man, which was fixed for June 7th of that year, but a com- mutation of sentence obviated its use at that time. The first actual use of tie seaffold was in the execution of JAMES MADISON WYATT STONE. who was hanged in a temporary yard at the Jail, on April 2d, 1880, for the murder of his wife. His execution made a sensation, the noose cutting the head off as neatly as it could have been done by a knife. Stone was quite heavy and so fat that when the rope tightened it cut through to the bone, and striking a joint the head was cut off. The scaffold is the most subsiantial and complete structure of tie kind ever used here, being harp 4 of the best quaiity of Georgia pine and well covered with several coats of drab colored paint The cross- beam of 6 by 8 timber rests‘on uprights 21 feet high and 8 inches square. This beain was origi- Rally of one piece, pierced fer one rope, but o heavy piece of timber was placedon it.“to make assurance doubly sure” for the execution of Bedford and Queenan, on November 19th, 1880, and it was bored for two other ropes. The Platform, which is 11 teet square, is 13 feet above the ground and is supported by six Binch uprights besides the uprights sup- the beam, which are braced by heavy The floorin: of 2-inch boards, ised and bolted. In hich is 5 feet square, zs by two heavy strap hinges to the It is held in place by a long bolt, Which is controtied by a trix: ‘A strong rove is ached to it, and pass over a pulley sh the box or conduit. This Is five inches square, and leads into acell. A plain rail ex- tends around the platform, and the steps that lead up from the ground or ficor below are guarded by similar raili These steps are on the th side of the structure as it stands, and feet wide, having a rise of seven inches and twelve inch tread, which makes them, under ordinary circumstances, about the easiest to ascend in the District. THE ARRANGEMENT FOR SPRINGING THE TRAP. To the trap will be attached a stout piece of fash cord, running through an iron pulley and having a weight attached so that when the trap is sprung, and the body falls, the weight will Prevent the trap rebouudinz asainst the body. To dress the seaffold—that isto put it in full working order—the hinges are greased. the box through which the repe attached to the bolt is operated is put in place, and the rope with the hangman's noose at the end is rigged. With the rope the utmost care is taken. It is usually ef manilia, and when purchased is of seven- eighths inch thickness. Before being used it is stretched and worked down to about three- fourths inch thickness. When this operation is completed it is as pliable as cotton yarn, and yet the strands are clese and compact.” Next THE HANGMAN’S KNOT is made, and one of the guards, who in early life f®aw some sea service, generally does this work. On the morning of the day it is to be used some eighteen inches of the rope isthoroughly greased With tallow. Formerly, the noose was well soaped, but it has been found that soap renders the rope too stiff. The rope having been thus ‘d, isrua through the hole inthe beam, and over it to the upright, down which it passes, and is secured toacleat. About five feet slack is allowed for the fali. Then there are pinioning fopes. about the size of sash cord, cut into lenghts of five or six feet. with which the arms of the condemned man are tied together behind the back at the elbows and wrists, and the legs at the knees and ankles. There is also necessa- Ty for an orthodox execution a black made of cambric, with a slit in the back for the rope. ‘This has strings, so that it can be tied on over the rope, and is so adjusted as to hide the face. Beforethe execution, there is a thorough test made of the appliances. A bag of sand, weigh- ing 40 or 50 per cent more than the condemned man, is put in the noose, and the trap is then sprung. ee = Guite: Again. ‘To the Editor of Tux Evestxe Stan. Your correspondent “C.A.” states the case with reference to Guiteau truthfully. There is no salvation tor any sinner without repent- ance, which implies—1. A knowledge of sin, 2A sorrow for sin; 3. Alturning from sin; 4. A turning to God. True penitence is always accompanied with great humility. There is g false as well as a true repentance. Some repent of sin because it hath gotten them into trouble; others because by it they have offended God. Of the first class was Judas Iscariot, who, find- ing himself “condemned” because of his be- trayal of Christ, said: “I have sinned In that I have betrayed innocent blood.” He knew his sin, but ja reality there was no Tepentance, in the Scriptural sense, for “he went and hanged himself.” True penitents ceased from sin, but Judas had murder in his heart notwithstandin:; his “repentance,” which was toward himself, use “‘he was condemned,” and not toward God at ail. (See Matthew 27, 1-5.) His, there- fore, was not that “ dly sorrow which work- eth repentance to salvation not to be repented of,” but It was “the sorrow of the world” whieh “‘worketh death.” Now Guitean's repentance is an exact coun- terpart of that of Judas, who, though sorrowful because he had gotten himself into trouble, (Le. be was “condemned”) his heart was unchanged; there was no alteration in his min He would have committed the same wicked again. So also with Guiteau. He is sorrowful because he is “condemned:” because he hath gotten into trouble. Still he not only prates continuousty of being “ "s man,” but has more than once asserted that he would again commit the same offence. under like circumstances, showing that, if honest, he is under the delusion of the devil, as was Judas. But on the other hand, the repentance of tne “prodigal son,” the type of all true jitents, Scriptural. He not only e to hee, and am 3 make me ll teend ata ae the prod verse ot er. honest, sincere, tree and bembie, roite by neither Judas nor Guiteau. ee the prodigal. , as - oO more worthy to be called @s one of thy hired servants, from by God, as a chastisement of the American peo- ple for their sin, especially pride and felly, whieh are so clearly manifest in us. as 8 people, x in our forgetfulness ot God, Let us, ore, vepent, lest we be visited by still calam- ities! Let there be general humiliation before the Lord, or he wili give satan, our common enemy, even more power over us. So Guitean, instead of being God's man, is emphatically the devil's man, who evidently possessed him for this very purpose. It was @ devil-inspiration from beginning to end! “Let no man say, when he is tempted, Iam tempted of God, for God cannot be tempted with evil, neither tempteth He any man; but rey man is tempted when he is wh away oo own lust and enticed. Then, when lust hath conceived, it bringeth forth sin; and sin, when It is finished, bringeth forth death.” CHRISTIAN. ——_—_+e-_—— “Supremely Ridiculous.” ‘To the Editar of the Everine Sram. In your Issue of a few days ago I noticed men- tion of adocument circulated in the Treasury department wherein the signers pledged them- selves to abstain from the use of beef for ten days from date thereot. Now it strikes me as supremely ridiculous that a body of men, who from their position in the principal department of the government are to be" thought poe of at least average intelligence, should think to affect prices in a market mized by fifty millions—to say nothing of Europe—by the ab- stinence of, at most, a few hundreds during ten days. WsTern Marker. ——___+2. ‘The Amepities of Congressmen. H. J. Ramadell in Philadelphia Press. Another Congressman from Te nnesaee, named Mullins (dead now, poor old fellow), was exceedingly playful. He would dance and kick up his heels in a very kittenish manner, and he had a cheerful habit of hitting his fellow-mem- bers a whacking blow on the back when they least expected it. Yet he was not unpopular among his fellows, for he was always na- tured, and he had no iaea his playfainess might be offensive. But the funniest thing Mullins ever did was on a very mournful: occasion. A Virginia member (I believe) had been killed in arow by the kiu-klux, I think. At any rate the funeral orations were being pronounced, and more lies were being told than usual on such occasions. Finally Mullins’ time came, and for him it was a great occasion, and great use he made ofit, if you will believe me. It was the most ridiculous speech eyer made in Congress. Notwithstanding the pall which hung over the chamber, the audience was con- vulsed. One sentence of the oration I re- member and can never forget. Here it is. He referred, of course, to the murdered Congress- man: “He has gone down to his grave, wrapped in the peaceful soliloquy of his own blood.” The House, at this burst of pathos, burst ont laughing, and its members could not restain themselves. I believe John McElhoneand some of the members afterward fixed up the speech in decent style. Another eccentric tellow was the Delegate from Idaho, three or four Congresaes back. It was his pleasurable habit on warm days during the sessions of the House to take a nap. Back of the sents inthe House, as everybody knows, are sofas, wide and luxurious, placed at short intervats all around the hall. ‘The hon- orable gentleman from Idaho would begin his entertainment by nodding in his seat. Then, more asleep tian awake, he would shuffle to one of those sofas. First he would pull off one boot, then think over it a moment, and finally pull off the otherone. Next he wonld unbutton his vest and unloose his cravat. Then to sleep and to snore! Tonce had the misfortune to board at a ho- tel—a first-class hotel. My little family shared a very desirable tabie in a corner with an hon- orable Senator. It was in the days of Andy Johnson, and the Senator was in high favor. He was very good-natured, very honest, very frank and very green. He was temperate, dressed in broadcloth, and never would bore you with too much talk. Indeed, I may say, he would have been very agreeable but for one bad habit. He would blow his nose onthe napkin. The first thing he did when he sat down to the table was to spread out the snowy linen and “whoop it up” like a house afire. Tf there is anything in the world that is revolting and cowardly it is an anonymous letter, but to that Senator I wrote one, containing simply these words: “Why don’t you blow your nose on your hand- kerchief instead of on your napkin?” It had the desired effect, you may be sure. That Senator is still living, though he is not now in the Senate. If this paragraph ever falls under his eye, he will know who it was that did him one of the greatest favora he ever received. sess oo An “Incher.”” From the New Haven Register. “Yes, I went to church yesterday,” sald Job Shuttle, with a yawn. “Pretty good sermon, pretty fair; but what pleased me most was the aatics of an inch worm that was roaming about the hat of a lady who sat im front of me. That little, pale green incher reminded me so much of the way we human worms get on in the world. You see, he was on the vane of the feather in the hat and he would get a good hold, and then reach np with his head and feel around and look the field over to see where he could make a good strike, just like a man look- ing for business; then he would throw himself soul and body on to a curl of the feather, which would bend and let him down with a thud, just like aman who has made a bad speculation; then he would wriggle and twist and feel around fora new hold, just like a man trying to ‘fix things’ with-his. credit then he would mount to the very topmost sunimit of the hat and stick his head upand swing ail around, just like a newly-elected Congressman gazing over the heads of his constituents; finally he got along on the lower edge of the sen Bes hat- brim, and then he made progress; he inched along and inched along, making big strides right ahead, just like a man picking up money and making a fortune hand over fist; but the little incher wasn’t satistied. Just as he got as far as he could he ‘broke all up’ and tumbled, and we saw him no more; for all the world just like a man who has done bis best for a little while and then ‘flunked.’” Grasees for Decorat! From ‘‘Outing.” Fine grasses are seldom found upon dry soil, but in meadows and unwooded swales the seek- er will find them in infinite variety. Other desirable water-loving plants, much prettier for drying than the fashionable cat-tail, also abound in such localities. Some of the damn- tiest ornaments of ladies’ bonnets are culled from these neglected wastes. As taste will be the guide in selection, it is not necessary to par- ticularize varieties. For the time of gathering it is impossible to give dates, but grasses and their kindred should be cut while in the bud, a short time befor blossom opens—if later, they are apt to or rattle off. For treatment, cut the stalks of the desired lengih and clean of blades or leaves. Place the her and tle in bunches of a size that will dry readily. Hang in the shade till dry. Wheat, oats, barley and rye are also beautiful. I believe they should be cut while in the white stage of development, which comes between the green and yellow. Experience has shown me that they work well at this age, at least. Treat- ment the same as for grasses. The one defect of all dried grasses is thelr loss of color. In & measure grains also have ti fault. Some water plants, like cat-tall, dry to rich golden brown, but dried grasses have diny, washed-out appearance, which can only be remedied by dyeing or bleaching. They are dyed by florists in all brilliant colors, but refined taste seems to dictate i 3 ? i i L 1 i fl 8 i Eel i H £ l i : i i i : z h i i Hy g i ee $7833 He 4 4 MEDICAL ETHICS. ‘The Old Question of Consultation with Homeopathists Discussed Again, WHY DOCTORS DISAGREE—NOT ONLY A DIFFER: ENCE IN PRACTICE, BUT A DIFFERENCE 1X MODES OF THOUGHT. ‘¥rom the Philadelphia Times. The old question of consultation with “irreg- ‘wlars” has again disturbed the American Medical Association at its meeting at St. Paul. The New York State Medical Society has lately adopted a rule allowing its members to meet in consultation any “legally qualified practitioners of medicine.” This rule is pretty broad, for the “legal” qualifications, unfortunately, need not be either intellectual or moral; but it was probably assumed that a written code of ethics would oe of much use Riper) not be relied on to keep him out orthe commany. of unfit associates. Practically, the question really concerns the recognition of homeopa- thist, and it was on this ground, though not in 80 many words, that the right admission of delegates was denied. In this ite the sympathies of the public are ly with the homeopathists, as they are with anybody who ap) to be the object of narrow dice and iiliberality. The Loti i layman knows nothing about what he calls the rival schools; he has no clear idea of what hom- eopathy means or why it is 0} |; he only knows that many homeopathic physicians of his acquaintance are intelligent and educated gen- tlemen and successful practitioners, whom it is impossible to condemn as quacks. Therefore, he conciudes that the ‘‘old school” doctors are a bigoted set, and hecannot sce why they should not meet the homeopathists on equal ground and agree to disagree. There must be some- more than prejudice involved, however, for physicians as a rule are not a narrow-mind set, and it may be worth while to try and find out what it is. It will simplify matters to bear in mind, in the first place, that the doctrine of infinitesimal doses, which is all that most people know about homeopathy, has nothing to do with the dls- cussion. ‘ew among homeopathists them- selves now pay much attention to the miracu- lous results of infinite dilution; but it is quite as res] le a faith as many therapeutic. nov- elties, The code of ethics of the American Med- cal Association prescribes that: “No one can be considered as a regular practitioner or a fit associate in consultation whose practice is based on an exclusive dogma, to the rejection of the accumulated experience of the profession and at ie aids oeually Bee fi peony, ysiology, pathology and organic chemistry.” ‘The soundness of this is obvious. But modern homeopathic practitioners say that it does not spply tothem. They say that they donot reject these aids. It is true.that the founder of their school was ignorant of modern medical science, but so were all the physicians of his day; his followers avail themselves of all the experience and knowledge they can obtain and therefore they ought not to be theated with contumely. To this their opponents answer: Then you are not homeopathists and your assumption of a special designation as a trade insignia can be only a piece of quac! ‘to mmpose upon the ig- norant. THE ORIGIN OF HOMEOPATHY. This is apparently the logical dilemma of mod- ern homeopathy. It has no rational excuse for old nati @ continued separate existence, except what is given it by the species of persecution under which it thrives. When Hahnemann propound- ed his astonishing theories, modern medical sclence had virtually no existence. Men knew almost nothing of the condition of the tissues in disease, or of the causes or nature of diseased action. For that matter they knew little about the functions of the body in health. It wasonly the other day that we recorded the death of one of the very first men who pointed out the value of the sounds ot the chest as alds to diagnosis; before his time an affection of the! ungs or heart. was only guessed at. The modern science of pathology was unknown; even physiology and chemistry had scarcely begun to be studied sci- entifically. Diseases were classified by their ex- ternal Synpegnis alone and treated upon all sorts of fanciful theories. It was at this stage of human knowledge—or human ignorance— that this industrious German physician ad- vanced the idea, among others, of treating any group of symptoms by administering those drags that had been found to produce similar gymptoms In the healthy body, the theory being that the artificial disease would overcome and drive out the other. Along with this, or subsequently, he propounded his idea that the potency of drugs was inultiplied by their dilu- tion and trituration, with some other theories that never attained vitality. As doctors in that day were in the habit of giving such doses that we wonder now how any of their patients sur- vived, itis probable that Hahnemann at least gave nature a better chance than she had had before, and thus helped the success of his sys- tem; but this doctrine of ‘similia similibus cur- antur” is the distinguishing doctrine of homeo- pathy, the “exclusive dogma” aimed at in the code of ethics. It wasa practice based wholly on external symptoms. Suppose the patient had a hot skin. We will give him something that will make his skin cool. This was “‘allopathy,” treatment by contraries. No, says homeopathy, we will treat him by similars. Here is something that I tried on myself and found that it made my skin hot; we will give him that. One of them knew just as much about it asthe other, and between them the patient had the better chance withthe one who gave the smaller dose. RATIONAL MEDICINE. Bat by and by the physician who was not tied to his theories began to perceive that the best way to treat a hot skin was to find out why it was hot and try toremove the cause. In other words, medicine partook of that awakening of all branches of natural science that has been characteristic of the present century, and physicians looked beneath the external symp- toms to find their causes and nature of the changes which they indicated. “Disease” ceased to be regarded as a distinct entity, like an evil spirit that had taken possession of the man, and was recognized as simply a departure from health, a disturbance or jion of the normal functions, which was to be treated by such rational means as would promote a return to healthy action. The various means of physical exploration now employed by physicians, the use of the microscope and of chemical analysis, and a thousand things be- side, have revolutionized the practice of medi- cine as completely as astronomy has been revo- lutionized since the time of Ptolemy. Observed facts have broken down long-cherished theories, and science has supplanted empiricism. Exter- nal symptoms are still observed, but only as one among many aids to a correct understanding of what is amiss within, an understanding that clearly must precede Ne? hopeful application of remedies. Along with this progress has arisen the study of preventive medicine and public hygiene, to say nothing of the improvements in surgery and other collateral branches, all of which are the growth of the past half century. Though medicine is still far from an exact selence, its advance in this period has been as rapid as that of any other branch of knowledge, and to carry on a theoretical discussion now ‘upon the basis of 1796 is as rational as to treat oF “the electric fluid” upon the theories of Franklin, or to revive the chemical discussions of Priestley'’s age as to whether fire, air, earth and water are elementary substances. THE ‘TWO SCHOOLS.” It is clear that between a practitioner who keeps abreast of the progress cf modern science and one who anchors himself, or is supposed to anchor himself, upon a medical doctrine formu- lated in the last century, there cannot possibly be any concurrence. There can be no use in their ‘‘consulting,” because they must look at the case trom diametrically opposite points of view. The homeopathist, as such, has Bat it will be seen that this does not heip them in the view of those who uphold what they call that the Homeopathtets, tn pllding tothe ad, homeopat! yl to the ad- of e, ha neconsarliy aband vance of science, have loned their distinctive theory, and ought therefore to they iabave mavociperieem ‘maintaining. ‘can have no worthy motive tor: P ere, then, the ss reste. The American Medical Association denies recognition to any one who calis hisnsclf a homeopathist, as it would to any one who called himself an allo- ome or a “ pathist” or ‘‘ist” of any kind, not use he believes in pellets, nor even because he has old-fashioned ideas of the nature of but because it holds that his profession of a universal rule of practice cuts him off from the whole course of scientific thought in the patie ae century. ee e homeo- way, a felt of ti advatoe in kuowioaze ond bed pent canara geod tein and the an a8 may seem ‘3 lic, perceiving ‘that-he is not the hide-bound us he is represented, and caring little for | She aysiu ethics, looks on him with favor, so that the very-objection to his distinctive “ trade-mark” turns to his advantage. a ‘What Hoeiieopathy Is, AN EXPOSITION OF {08 HAHNEMANNIAN DOCTRINE BY A TRUE.BALIEVER IN IT. a From the Philadelphia Times. In your issue of tast Sunday under the cap- tion of Medical Ethics,” you state that “the average layman has no idea of what homeop- athy means.” It'4s with a view of furnishing Just this information and not with any intent of “hitting” the opposing school that the writer attempts a reply. The homeopathician 1s goy- erned by a fandamental. law, the discovery and not the invention ef Hahnemann, viz., that a drug capable of producing given symptoms when administered to a healthy person, if given in minute doses to a diseased organism present- ing these same symptoms, which are the result of another cause, it will remove them. All drags used by him must be first “ or their sick-making properties ascertained, by being given to heaithy persons in certain quan- tities and repeatedly fora time. Many provings aoe be ae wade with cock Po and all symptoms which are reported by every prover are accepted as the result of drug action, while those noticed only by a few are rejected as being possibly idiosyncrasies. Thus we have under each medicine a complete lst of symptoms be- longing to it. These records constitute the homeopathic materia medica. A rough idea of the amount of matter thus obtained may be gathered from reference to Allen’s Encyclopedia, @ recently completed work on this subdject, where we find ten volumes 8vo., small print—in all about 7,000 pages. The index to this ency- clopedia, giving an abbreviation of the same in alphabetical order, makes up an 8vo. volume of 1,400 pages. The inference which your readers may draw from your article would be that we do not stiil adhere to the original theory ot homeopathy. In answer to this let me state that the moment we cease to do so we ceaseto be homeopathists. We do not discard the study of collateral branches, but regurd them as subservient to the study of gymptomatology. How is disease mani- fested but by the presence of symptoms? No two cases of any dizease can be found to exactly agree. These symptons, without which the pa- tient would be well, furnish us with the indica- tion for a remedy which will cure the disease quickly and permanently, while, to quote your article, ‘the other school haying been taught that fact must precede theory is trying to find out what is the matter with the patient.” Thus the homeopathic physician has, in his immense list of symptom producers (medicines),ammuni- tion with which to attack any new disease. Sup- pose an epidemic occurs, for instance, of some malady entirely unknown to the profession, the homeopath does not waste many lives in experi- mei with this and that drug, but can pre- scribe for the first case as accurately and with as much certainty of cure as though he had treated the disease for years. THE ONLY TRUE HOMEOPATHIST. Our system has one fault, and it is but fair to state it. Acknowledging the fact that the symptoms furnish the sole guide to prescription, irrespective of the name of the disease, nothing can be plainer than’the fact that we can have no list or set of remedies for any given disease. In other words, any one ot a thousand or more medicines can be used In any disease. In order to preseribe the correct one in every case, the physician must deyote himself unceasingly to study. When prescribing for a case, he records, either mentally or, much better, on paper, everything that Is complained of. This does not consist alone of ‘‘external” symptoms, as you intimate, but. eribraces every symptom, objective (those wich can be discovered by th doctor's sense of sizht, hearing, feeling, and even smelling,) and subjective (thos sensations and pains which the pa- tient alone can dictate.) When this list is complete he must find that remedy which will reflect a perfect image of his case. This, al- though sometimes an casy task, is ofttimes ar- duous, and means real bard mental work. Just here arises the trouble: many doctors, as other people, are lazy. Many a man has graduated with honest intention (some have not), and tor a time adhered closely to the law of “‘similia similibus curantur.” But before long comes a serious case. He feels his deficiency, but rather than closet himself in his library and find the remedy, which can be tound for case, he follows the advice of some other sin- ner and departs from his rule (his principal) and gives a purgative or what not, yet calls himself no less a believer in homeopathy. Very, very many of just such men are to-day polluting the good name of homeopathy. They have crept into medical societies and into college chairs, and persist in calling themselves homeopaths because they know that the wealthy and intel- ligent classes are seeking that school, and fool themselves into the belief that these will not find out that “homeopathy sheds not a drop of blood, administers no emetics, purgatives, laxa- tives or aiaphoretics, never subdues pain opium, ete.” (Hahnemann’s “Organon,” p. 17. The system never has and never can change, any more than any other fixed law of nature, yetto say that we have not progressed with the times is unjust, when the great numberof new and valuable remedies and provings which have zea been added to our liat is taken into ac- count. To completely master this enormous materia Medica is an utter impossibility, and no homeo- path should be too lazy nor should he hesitate for fear of making his patient think him defi- cient, to consult his books at any time. The eminent lawyer will answer his client only when he has “looked up” the points of law. ing him- | she The skill of the homeopath Hes in his knowing how to question and examine his case, how to find the remedy and how to give it. For him to argue that he only uses other means when he cannot find the remedy always implies that he has not sufficiently looked forit. 1f his method of cure Is correct it should be the more strenu- ously adhered to because his case is urgent; if it is not, he has no business to use it in milder ones. THE CAUSE OF DISEASE UNIMPORTANT. In illustration of the point that the cause of disease, in non-surgical cases, is of no import- ance in prescribing, let me cite a certain skin disease, vulgarly called “ringworm,” and in medical parlance styled, among other nam tinea trichophytina, The allopaths declare this affection ig due to a vegetable parasite which they call trichopnyton, and they assert "that this fungus:growth must be destrovea be- fore the disease ‘can be cured. There is the disease, the cause andthe theory of cure. It certainly is logical, We acknowledge the pres- ence of the parasite (in fact, to dispute that which can be clearly nstrated by themicro- noth! to do with modern science. If his doctrine of gpmenie af chemistry at" physiology and of ol an tholugy on which the other sets peg Bes store are certainly useless and poseihiy misleading. He is the possessor of a nnit theory, that hatever their 8¢0) id be ingane), but whether we believe that tooo the cajise of disease is another p peapeepal We do site by any ing our law, ingulr’ the confirm to practice homeopath: “loaves and fishes” and wi its tenets, either because from their faith or Your argument that Hahnemann, by prescrib- ing minute doses, gave nature a better chance to work has eome force. We do not pretend do all the work; the object of homeopathy is to coax mature, not to drive, and from the The house is a fair, well-built brick residence, with a wide piazza on three sides of it, close to the roadway, but overlooking an extensive and very charming lawn. The reception room is es- sentially an author’s home—bright, cheerful. and full of pretty things that have, doubtless, been made by pretty hands. A plano stands in one corner by the open fireplace, and I could imagine Mr. Whittier pensively listening to the good music which somebody Bias for ‘him, as there isa quantity of a fo at hand near the fine instrument, the composers. Mr. Whittier is tall,’ erect, and Somawnat ditident, as bachelors of his age are to be. is greet- ing is cordial, and his fine brown eyes say “‘Wel- come” before his Tips utter the gracious words. Our conversation drifted into a topic common at the time—the deaths of Mr. Longfellow and Mr. Emerson; both close friends of the Quaker poet, and both of whom he eulogized in his pe- cullar way. Naturally, our talk passed on to the mention of the other world and the near- ness Many persons experience of their dear ones who have entered its rest. “I have never felt the Influence you describe,” said Mr. Whittier; “No one who has passed away seems near to me now. Life is such a mystery that I do not ask to penetrate the secrets of eternity—but I can imagine that you and others are conscious of the unseen presence of those whom you have loved and lost.” “And who are eternally py,” I added. “Well, I am not certain ut that,” he con- tinued with an expression of abstraction—“I believe that we may have troubles there, as well as here—it not the contrast would not be 80 sweet. The difference will be that we shall be better enabled to bear them. Heaven is a aay of harmony—everything will be harmon- ere.” Mee you do not admire a state of complete “No, why should I, any more than I like clams at high tide”—and after joining me ina moment of merriment, he said: “We all have times of exquisite enjoyment; the more beautiful because so fleeting, and it is for the contrasts in life, of pain and pleasure, that such experiences are prized.” sud- denly he asked: “‘When are you the happiest?” “You will laugh, Mr. Whittier, but jt is when I hear the first note of a robin in the early springtime.” “No, I shall not laugh, for 1 understand that pleasure too.” Then I described the meadows of Central Park—which he said was all new tohim—and he had not supposed anyone would go there to hear a robin’s song. Amerry twinkle came in his eyes as he added: “T like Boston Common because they hung some Quakers there once upon a time.” He remarked that he is seventy-five years ef age, and ‘‘poetical effusions could not be ex- pected from such an old man.” But heseems in very tolerable health, and his poetic tempera- ment is still enkindled sometimes. In vivid contrast to this gentle, sweet-tem- pered, genial old man is the vivacious, hand- some and gifted author, Mr. J. T. Trowbridge, Whose ‘ Vagabonds” has been the delight of so many public and private recitations. Mr. Trow- bridge resides at Arlington, also about twenty miles from Boston, in a pretty, cheerful cottage, surrounded bya lawn that slopes down to a little lake. He is a brilliant conversationalist, keen at repartee, and full of anecdote. His story of Mr. Horace Greeley’s absent-minded- ness at a tea party is too good to be lost. A cake basket being passed to that gentleman on such a convivial occasion, he hooked it on one ofhis forefingers and consumed its entire con- tents. Col. Higginson, one of Boston’s bright- est “lights,” resides at Cambridge. It was he who wrote—as you will remember—* The Pro- cession of Flowers” and ** Malbone House.” He is wealthy, but a great worker. He is also very handsome, having remarkably fine curling gray hair, which surrounds and softens his florid face, He went to New York at the time of Dr. Hol- land’s funeral, and sat close to the coffin of his dear triend and brother author, paying this moe’ commendable respect to his memory and genius. A Gentle Hint. From the Cincinnuti Commercial. When Nevada Jones was out here to noml- nate Hayes for the Presidency—that was not precisely his object. but it was the net result of his labors—he said to the writer at Jake Aug's: “We are called a rough, rude spoken people. On the contrary, we are a poetic people. ‘Pocts are mountain born,’ and simile pours as nat- urally into our speech as milk flows into the throats of infancy. For instance. a mountain, wooded on the sides and bare onthe peak, is called timber-land. Hence, a bald-headed man is a Timber-land son of a sea-cook.’ Crude poetry, as you see. {will give you an illus- tration of our polished manners. My uncle, the Colonel and myself were seated at a game of poker with a one-eyed man. We all noticed, when it came the turn of the latter to deal, that the cards were not mingled with that impar- tiqlity which contributes to an even distribu- tion of the favors of the blind Goddess, For- tune. Presently my uncle said: ‘Let’s liquor.’ ‘The forbidden fiuid was brought. ‘Now, gen- tlemen.’ said mine uncle, ‘let’s have a new deck.’ The new pack of cards was brought. ‘Now, gentlemen,’ he continued, looking at the antleman with the single organ of vision, ‘I fike a square game os draw as wellas any man in Nevada; and I hope none ef you will regard it as personal when I say, Let's all agree that the first son of a sea cook we catch cheating with this deck of cards we'll put out his other eye.” ——__~+-e-_____ An Underground City. The Trayers (Fla.) Herald says:—For the past six months the work of digging the canal to connect lakes Eustice and Dora, in order to open up the more southern lakes of the “Great Lake Region of Florida” has been prosecuted. At the outlet of Lake Dora the sand bar had already been cut to the depth of nearly or quite three feet on the previous digging, and was dug about two feet deeper last week. At a distance of over four feet below the old level of Lake Dora a mound was di . The first ex- cavations revealed the existence of a clearly de- fined wall ying ina line tending towards the southwest from where it was first struck. This wall was composed of a dark brown sandstone, very much crumpled in places, but more distinct, more clearly defined, and the stone more solid as the digging increased in depth. The wall was evidently. the eastern side of an ancient home or fortification, as the slope of the outer wall was to the west. About eight feet from the slope of the eastern wall a mound of sand was struck, imbedded in the muck formation above and around it. This sand mound was dug into only a few inches, as the depth of the water demanded but a slight increased depth of the channel at that it, but enough was discovered to warrant belief that here on the northwestern shore of Lake Dora is submerged a city or town or forti- fication older by centuries than an; hing et discovered in this portion of Florida, al, ped sandstone, some Fes ks of | there is no reason whatever to doubt that, if dow. A neat little card occupies a prominent position. It attracts much attention trom of %5 ; s is your price for boarding parrots?” cents a week.” do feed them on?” “Well, they carpet tacks to boot |, too. “‘Who bears the loss if the birds die?” *‘Why the owners, of course. I take the best of care of them; but if they don’t live it isn't my fault.” He said SS ae a Sonar thing for the boarding Is , 8] ly parrots. “Ig that monkey a boarder?” asked the re’ porter. ‘‘Yes,” was the answer, “he belongs to an actress, who insists that her shall have marbles to play with. I get two dollars a week for boarding him, which includes the price of his toys.” POLYGAMY IN NEW ENGLAND. What One Woman Did by Special Li cense. The wide prevaience in New England of its characteristic form of polygamy—polygamy by special license—says Leonard Woolsey Bacon in the Princeton Review, naturally gives rise to many social complications such as can be illustrated best by facts and incidents. Take the following example from a rural town in eastern Connecticut. Nothing in the story is fictitious except the names: Emily Brown, now about 40 years old, comes of good stock, being the daughter of a rich New England farmer; she was married to Albert Knight. The superior court for the county where ti =4 lived gave them the necessary license, and of them married again. Emily Brown, Knights second choice was Carolus Williams, a minor, whose time Fo rence from his father for that irpose. ouble polygamy papers were again Soca by the superior court. and Williams mar- ried another woman with whom (having a less versatile temperament than the bride of hisex- treme fom) he is still living. Emily Brown Knight Williams was married to Judson Phipps; and presently once more to Mr. and Mrs. Phipps the same superior court issued the double license, which, as usual. was acted on by both parties. Mr. Phipps, who seems to have a mission of a consoler of disap- pointed hearts, married a woman who had deserted her second husband, having been deserted by her first. Mrs. Emily Brown Knight Williams Phipps was then married to Tobias Thomas, on occasion of which solemnity the divine blessing was invoked upon the au- spicious unionin a touching and appropriate prayer by one of the resident pastors of her own town. Up to the present moment no | farther change of name has been reported from Mrs, Emily Brown Knight Williams Phipps Thomas, who lacks only one step more to make | her the peer of the woman at Jacob's well. But | her seemingly capricious affections should alight | upon a new object and be reciprocated, the superior court would show the same alacrity as before in smoothing the proverbially rongh path ef love: nor that 35. or, at the outside, £10 | would suffice to dignify the occasion with the service of a minister of the Lord Jesus Christ, | and “sanctify it with the word of God and with prayer.” A Great Place for Fossil Tracks, From the Virginia City (Nev.) Enterpise, June 10. A rancher from the Lower Sink of the Carson was in town yesterday, and wanted to know how soon that ‘fossil man—the fellow who wants to see duck tracks”—would be over from | California, meaning Prof. Le Conte, who has | signified a willingness to come over and ex} amine the fossil tracks at the state prison stone | juarry. ‘‘Whereare your duck tracks?” wasasked the rancher. ‘Down between the Lower Sink | and Humboldt Lake, among the rocks,” said the man; but Idon’t know if they are duck tracks or goose tracks or alligator tracks— tracks of behemoth or tracks of the devil. The Injuns say the devil used to make himself) pretty fresh down that way in airly times.” | “What do the tracks look like?” “Look like | there been a big fight thar, with lots ot pullin’and | hautlin’—toe and healin’"—among a whole menag- | erté of birds, beasts, and fishes and reptiles. I | want the Professor to make an assay ot the | Whole business. I'think it will ran high in al-| ligators and eiephants, with a considerable per cent of rhinoceros.” ———_—$ or. Wide Awake Boys, There is in Philadelphia a firm of young silk culturists and silk spinners, whose enterprise and success have attracted public attention. They have an established cocoonery, raise the silk worms, reel off the silk, sell it to manufac- turers, and the sign of their establishment is} “Boys’ Silk Culture Association of the United States.” There are three of them associated, all Schoolboys about fifteen years of age. Ail these boys go to school and devote their Jeisure hours to silk. They organized and rented premises in May, 1881, obtained eggs from all quarters, and during the season raised 10,000 worms. The boys made all the necessary fixture, trays, ete. and also invented an improved reel. They obtained permits to forage in the parks for mulberry ieaves until they could make other ar- rangements for silk worm food. The season was sucessful; they reeled all their own silk and several lots from other parties. They are now reelingthe silk from the cocoons raised by Mrs. Taylor, Bayard Taylor's mother, who won the prize for the best exhibits at the recent ciple of the Women’s Silk Culture’ Association. This 200,000 eggs of French, Japanese, Biyoltin and native silkworms, and there cocoonery is equipped for raising 100,000 worms. Their business is growing and popular. The associ- ation has lately published a pamphlet giving an account of the habits, changes, diseases and of the silkworm, and contaipii bay other interesting particulars of silk cule jure. the} tend upon the Mormon system. One of the pastors of the city of Harttord was visited at ery | door, while Charles Dud Mrs. Stowe composes with perfect facility, he? thoughts flowing so freely and uninterruptedly, and her pen being so obedient to their course that ber manuscript always goes to the printers in tts first draft. She never goes back to revise not even take the trouble |. Her father i Hil = g are \- bors, Mr. Clemens (*‘Mark Twain") living next Warner's home is of - nificent live oaks, and from the point on which it stands there is an unint view for miles, both up and down the broad and beauti- fulriver. Notwithstanding her abolition ante- cedents, she and her family have recetved noth- ing but kindness from her southern neighbors, although the preas, in some instances, has been violent in its assaults. Of the celebration of her seventieth birthday, Mrs. Stowe says that she feels a little embarrassed, since it will be the first birthday she hasever celebrated, she having been it wp in the old-tashioned manner, which made no account of birthdays or of few other sentimental occasions. She never could succeed in remeinbering when the day came around, and once, having made a number of good resolutions for the occasion, after the manner of 2 people, she found that she had made on the wrong day. ‘The Robber and the Lady, Impostors and Adventurera—Fuller. : One warm night in July, in 1721, as she was about retiring, and her femmes de chambrehad left her, leaving the window open on account of the heat, a slight noise was heard at the blinds, and the head of a man appeared before the sight of the marechale. She was about to scream, and extended her hand toward a rope, but two agile hands closed her mouth and imprisoned her hand. “Not a sound; not movement,” whispered the man in the ear ofthe marechale. “I am Louis Do- minique Cartouche; I need say nomore, I think.” The poor marechale, more than alive, did not move. Cartenche listened to the noises in the street. After a few moments of silence he smiled and continued inalow voice: “The street is guarded; they have tracked me, but they did not see me climb your balcony. J am saved it you. do not speak, and you will not speak,” said he, opening his coat. Several small glistened in his belt. But the avoiding the arp is not all, madame; I have not slept Ina for eight days. I am dead with fatigue and hunger. 1 wish a good and some hours of good repose. A sofa will suffice. As for supper, I am not particular—a chicken, some fruit, and a bottle of champagne. Ring for your women. Pretend that you are hungry, and when I shall be refreshed and restored I shail have the honor to tender you my sincere thanks. The marechale obeyed his order,pulled the bell with a trenibling hand, and ordered her women in a hoarse voice to bring some supper. Cartouche, hidden behind the curtains, did not lose a movement of Mme. de Bouffies. The repast was served, and the merechale sent away her women, astonished at the extraordit petite of the mistress. Cartouche placed ‘him- self at the table and speedily devoured the sup- re . Then graciously saluting his involuntary ‘ostess, “Now, nadame, permit me to wish you good-night. I'will retire to my sleeping room, but be good enough not to forget that Iam here, for ou know Cartouche sleeps with one eye open.” About 3 o'clock in the morning Car- refreshed by sleep, again entered the apartment of the marechale, who, still seated upon her bed, had not ceased to tremble ike a mouse caught Ina trap. He thanked her for her hospitality and, after a glance in the deserted street, threw himself into the street and disap- |. The marechale, after listening for a few moments, rose from her bed, shut the win- dow, and called her servants. Apprised of the facts, Tushed into the street. No Cartouche. Mme. de BoufMers visited the two chambers, but nothing was missing. Some days later the mare- chale received by an unknown hand a basket of excellent champagne. It was a gift from her nocturnal guest. ———— Georges Sand te Her Son. “Work; be strong, be proud, be independent. * * * We resemble each other in our souls as well as in our faces. I can see now what your intellectual life is to be. I fear profound pain for you, and hope also for very pure Joys. Keep in yourself the treasure of, . Learn now to give without hesitation, to lose without re- gret; learn how to harbor in your heart the | piness of those whom you love in place of the happiness which you will not have yourself! Keep the hope of an after life, of a place where the mothers will find again their sons. Love all the creatures of God; forgiveall those who are disgraced; resist the unjust; devote yourself to great by their virtues. Love me! = wiil teach you sr things if = live together. we have not that hap; (the greatest that Icanimagine, and regeng one which makes me desire a lone life), you will pray God for me; and from the darkness of death, if some- thing remains of me, your mother will watch over you.” {From the New York Telegram.) CLEOPATRA on THE QUEEN OF SHEBA’S BEAUTY appeared within the presence of the grandest of the monarch of the past bad she not also possessed that which is the crowning mlory of the