Evening Star Newspaper, April 25, 1881, Page 3

al EILEEN STRATHMORE. Early History of Analostan Island. So much has been written and satd lately of soches during the past twenty years on our Deautifal ifttle Isie tn the Potomac, opposiie Georgetown, that friends have persuaded mo togive the readers of your valuable paper a chapter of Its eerty history, a3 related to my granffather. by the Rov. Rafus K. Hartwood" for many years a residexut of this city. Au author no douht could with the material before mc—an o'd dlary left to us by Mr. H.—writea very thrilling atd romantic story; but having ed NO experience In that profession, I shall ly State hae facts, leaving readers to draw upon ‘heir im gination for all that 13 necessary tomake {t interesting. Towards the ciose of the last century there arrived in George- town, per sehooner “Albatross,” from Liverpool, an E gentleman ' accom- panied by his wife and two dausnters. {@ was unknown here, and from his reticent er, It Was evident he did not care about ‘orming New acquatntances. Arrivals from sbroad Were not a3 frequent then as now, and peop © Of an inquisitive nature were consider- ably dissppeinted at not belag adie to leara De sure, there ecistered at the and agp & Lon- forts Abou’ am -nth att: the procerty now knowa a3 Ana and daring the six months thas the seene 0’ wondortm trans- \esse's were dispate.ed for lum- ho ariva! of wal ding com ene Men were put to wors = tue wd groxth ot timber, layin walks and dives, d Seing & well and ¢istern, maktog an fe+/hous*, a laadiag for Das, and Sich cthor imorovem:nts ss the Ow:er @ sired. Tue latter part of November, Mr. Sra hmore and famtiy took possessioa 0 their Deactiful home. The dweliing—a two story frame—was situa’ed in the center of the island, facing Georgetown. It contained four- teen farge rooms, quite a number of which were magnificently titted up with furniture and works Of art Imported from England. Ssv- eral outhouses were scattered about the prem- ises; @ large barn, unitke anything ever before reen In this part of the country, stooda few nuodred yards in the rear of the main butld- ing, while directly fu front of the dweiling, at the water's edge, was a fine boat-house. Of course this sudden and seemingly extravagant expenditure of so much money was the topic of general comment. Some called him crazy; cthers remarked with a very wise expression that there wassomething wrong; he undoubtedly Wasa fugitive from justice, perhaps a forger, gefaulter or swindler; and when he gave orders tothe carpenter to Dulld a clo.e board fence, twelve feet high, around the entir: Island, with only one gate near the boat landing, the majority of those who had been tn doabt character decided at once that he was nal of some kind. Oceastonally Mr. S., accom- panied by some of bis family, would drive in Virginia, but never this side of the river. That he was wealthy no one could contradict. His horses and yacht were the fastest in the coua- try, and bis retinue of servants (most of whom he sent to England for) superior to any ever introduced here; in fact, he seemed to possess everything heart could wish for, or, at least, that money could command. Judging trom his appearance he was a man about sixty-five years: of age, tall and well proporilooed, with fine features, straignt half and full beard, silghtiy gray. His wife was probably not over fifty; a handsome, matronly brunette, upon whom Ume and the cares of life evidently had rested lightly. Their youngest chili, a giri of pernay fifteen, a very pretty little blonde, seemed to the pet of the family, and a great favorite in the household. Eileen, the oldest daughter, twenty- five years of age, was, unquestionably, the most beautiful woman that had ever visited this part of ourland. Were I to.quote gen pmo 4 that has been published tn praise of suci famous beauties as Helea, of Troy, Zenobia or Cleopatra, it would fall to portray all the love- iiness and cnarms of this “Queen of the Isle,” as the people in Georgetown called her. A poet, In after years, very truthfully described her as: “One who would change the worship of ali climates, and make a new religion where’er she comes; unite the differing faiths of all the world, fo idolize her face, Her form was tresher than the morning rose when the dew wets Its leaves; usstain’d, and pure, as is the lily, or the mountala snow. Her eyes, her fps, her cheeks, her features, seem to be drawn by love's cwn band. Grace was in all her steps, heay’n in her smile; in every gesture. dignity and love; in intellect, by far superior to usall. Venus, her— self, might well Bave envied her, for she had cbarms ho other woman e’er possess’d.” One evening in the early part of December a crowd of men were sitting in the little tavern to Georgetown awaiting the arrival of the Baltimore stage. As usual, their conversation Was contined to the current subdject—the Strathmores, Each one in histurn had some Startling plece of news as to what had tran3- pired lately on the Island. One man was re- iaUing what Mrs. So-andso had heard from somebody's Lezro, who was well acqualnted With the man who helped build Mr. Strath- more’s ferry boat. When the coach arrived there was but one passenger.aman not more {ban thirty, of fair compiexion, golden carly halr, heavy mu-tache, Iaerry blue eyes with fovg dark lashes, exquisitively curved eye- brows, and In statue above ths medium hetght, erect as an Indian, with every indication of ulean strength. The people stepped aside as le waiked up to the register and wrote In a plain bold hand—“Carlos Savoy, Twickenham Pork, England.” After supper he remarked to the landlord: “I understand a gentieman by the nam? of Strathmore has piirchased propérty in your neighberhood; can you tell me where it is —— and the nearest road by whtca I can Teach it?” The landiord answered his question, de- lighted at the thought that at last he had met someone who could and would give him re- lable Information regarding the owner of the isie; but much to his —— Mr. Savoy, after thanking him, merely esked that he be called early, and went to bis morning he proceeded to the Island, where he remained unttl nearly dark. After the guests bad ail retired that night he inquired of the landlord tf he knew of apy one who understood the Indian language, as spoken by a tribe called the Analostans, and upon being informed that he had a half breed in his employ who often acted as Mterpreter, Savoy continued— . I see him to night?” jartinly you kin; I'll go and call him,” and oo at the propriecor bowed himself out of the door. Upon his return tnere came with him the balf-breed, who, at Mr. Savoy's request, fol- iowed him to his room. What took place tuere curing the two hours they were in conversa- . Use landiors tried In vain to fladout. All 5 servant would tell him, was, that the white an made him promise’ to keep his mouth Closed for one week, and that if he did as he wes told, he would get “big money—pienty geld.” Before sunrise the next morning the ulerpreter and the stranger Grove to the camp ci the Analostans—about a mile west of getown, on the banks of the Potomac. re they remained several hours talklag with ihe ehief of the tribe. During the ten days that followed Mr. Savoy d at the hotel, talking with no one and ‘xbibiting no interest tn anything or any per- Soh exeept the interpreter. In company with bim he would drive tothe Indian camp every Light, often mot returning until neariy day- break. The afternoon of the eleventh day an Indian sauntered into the hotel and inquired for the half-breed, who, after a few words with him, took him to the Eaglishman’s apart- Ingpts. Tost Bight was one probably never forgotten by theold residents of Georgetown. Soon after dark @ servant informed the landlord that Mr. Savoy wished tosee bimin hisroom. Upon entering he was requested totake ascat near the fireplace, while his guest, after locking the coor, drew achair close 1 i!s tone inquired: and Ia a low “Can you keep @ Secret 7” n if I choose, * og eet tia sh sigappose Twas 1 28” Foy oue hundred unds, without security, for an tudeilaite Period, would that strengthen your resolution o ke secret?” oe Wal, stranger, times is pretty hard just & it would.” : ef me then, that you will, so far as lies ‘n your power, do ae pee | i ask to-night, and that what I am — to eee Shall Dot te spoken of by you for one month. iswar,” replied the landlord, clapping his ret band over his heart, and holding the left io the air. of continued Mr. Savoy, “tell me first, @ minister or priest pone here and audris, pear the main road?” né that I kmows on, ’cept the one to Church, @ leevie morn five miles outer > well want sessree, oe best you g Tearé to tell you. See you keep your vera to me, and here is the proot that Twill Keep imine” and Mr. Savay took trom ‘Bis mwre a: Netors Ing the Isiand, ure every effort, to extinguish the flames, but without snecess. From the half-breed {t was learned that Mr. Savoy bad employed an Indian to deliver @ letter to Miss Eileen. He was to Dring an answer, but he failed to return messenger was sent by the chief, and he also never Was seen = wu was despatched, and so on until nine had gone, back; when the chief hitself founda way to deliver @ note, and returned with a reply, un- seen, in safety. They now had their revenge. Nine of their best warriors had been killed by, or through the orders of, Mr. Strathmore. To burn him out seemed to them their duty; and they did it. The family rematned in George- town until the Island was sold, when they Te- turned to England. From Mr. Hartwood’s alary, I-f nd that sev- eral years before Mr. Strathmore came to this country, his daughter Eileen was engaged to Mr. Savoy. the only son of a wealthy London banker. Sut afew weeks before the marriage was to have taken place, Mr. 8! more De- came insane upon that one subject. His mania Was that she shou'd marry a member of the royal femily, or remain single. He would not Isten to resson, and his physicians advised him to travel, * ‘This he did, pleased with tne idea that he had broken off the engagement forever. There on the Island, togetuer with the less of bis beautiful daughter, seemed to have the effect of completely curing him; for in less than a year after his return home, he advertised in every country for Mr. Savoy and his wife, promising to do everything in is | shia to make them happy if they would come ack to London, and remain uring his life. ‘They were only too glad to accept his favita- tion; and after their reunion, a happier family could not have been found In all Engiand. WEATHER INSTRUMENTS. How They Make Thermometers and Barometers. Marked as has been the advancement in meteorological science during the past few years, through the invention of instruments and other means, it is many centuries since the world was destitute of all knowl ot meteorology and means for obtaining and dis- pensing the same. Indeed, some of the more valuable instruments for measuring and ascer— taining the pressure of temperatures are of ancient origin, and probably will never go out of use. Chief among them are the thermometer and barometer. Though both are instruments of common every-day use, it isn’t everybody who knows how they are made, and, since a consideration of the whole range of meteoro- logical agencies would require more space than could be allowed for an ordinary newspaper article, it will be suffictent to cousider now the ‘two best known indicators of the weather. The thermometer was invented at the ba- ginning of the seventeenth century, and the credit has been variously ascribed to Drebel, of Holland, and Sanctorious, of Italy. Previous to this era it may be considered that the best informed philosophers knew little more of meteorology than what they derived from some ractieal traditional prognostics, which had en recorded by the ancients. It is sup) that mauy of these originated with the Chal- deans, and came from them to the Egyptians, by whom they were communicated to the Gre- clans, and thus, following the regular course of the arts and sciences, were transmitted to us. Romer was the first to overcome a prejudice against the unequal expansion of mercury and to adopt that fluid in the thermometer; and he is also thought to have devised the instrument. and scale usually attributed to Fahrenheti, of Amsterdam. It was the latter, however, who introduced the instrument throughout Europe in the first half of the eighteenth cen- tury, and his name, accordingly, is oftener coupled with the instrument. As ‘mercury has alow Gage heat and will not freezs except at a very low temperature or boll except ata very high temperature, its advantages are appa- ren which are designed to be accurate, great care and precision are req to be exel and it ts because the work is often imperfectly and hurriedly done that there are so many worthless instruments in the market. The Stores are deluged with such productions, which are sold atso low a price that it becomes at once apy nt that a good instrument could not be le and sold at that price. The bulk of cheap, imperfect thermometers that flood the Market are manufactured in New York State, notably in the city of Rochester, where boys and girls are empioyed to do work that skilled workmen only can dotoa nicety. As oftentimes the glasses are mounted on hand- some cases or frames, they sell readily and bring fair prices, though next tO worthless, for determining the temperature. There are people, however. who know the superior value o AN ACCURATE THERMOMETER, and will not purchase such as are commonly found at the stores, but buy directly of the local manufacturers or dealers of reputation, who are to be found tn a few of the large cities, and who make ita ‘io to turn out instru- ments superior to those designed for the trade. Tn years gone by they also manufactured the Instruments for the trade, but, now that the extensive Manufacturers of cheap goods have flocéed the markets with their products, a gradual change has been brought about, and the bulk of their busiaess is transacted with in¢ividuals, corporations and only such dealers desiring accurate tustruments, In Boston there are two manufacturers of mercurial and spirl thermometers, and it is conceded that they turn Out as accurate mstruments as can be found in the counuy. One of them, a gentleman in the prime of itfe, has been engaged In the bustneas ere sice his boyhood, and 1s the Inventor of teteorological instruments and improvements whose value has been many times demonstra- ted. Most everybody has noticed that the glass of a modern thermometer 1s partly com- pesed of enamelled or white glass, thus en- abling one to more easily note the heighth ofthe mercury. For years plain giass aione was used, but, about the year 1842, tue idea occurred to the gentleman alluded to above to introduce the epamelied or white instead. The first tube of this kind was made by him tn this city, and since then it has become univeraal from one erd of the world to the other. “There Was miijions in it;” but as the gentleman made the improvement simply for his own immediate benefit, and did not ize that it would come into general use, he neglected to have it pat- ented; otherwise a fortune would have bees in bis grasp. As nearly everybody knows how ‘lass is blown, it would be useless to describe ow the glass tubing for thermometers is made. It is suflicient to say that it is blown at the giass blowers under the supervision of a trusted employe of the maker of thermometers, and comes to the manufacturer in lengths, varyieg from four to,six feet, and in sizes de- sired. The bore of the tubing, Le is commoniy POINT OF A NEEDLE. It is difficult to get a tube of uniform callbar throughout its whole interior, and it is neces- sary to get the inequalities of the bore of the tube, which is done by calibration, that Is, by introducing a short column of mercury and observing how much length 1t occupies in the qube, and iben by passing it through the tube, which, for the nicer grades of thermometers, 1s sometimes etched, obtaining the exact meas- urement. In pre] ig the capillary glass tube the tube fs, of course, cut in the lengzhs desired, and after that is done the next thing is to biow a bulb on one end of the tube, which is done by beating the glass inagas jet and blowing in the ordinary manner. ‘This opera- lon, simple as it seems. 1, nevertheless, a very delicate operation, for a bit of moisture in the bore of the tube will be fatal to the accuracy of the instrument. A novice wouid hardly fail to dampen the interior of the tubing: but the ex- rienced workman blows the air from the lungs and ejects no mucous secretions. So susceptible fs mercury to ure that a finger cipped in the metal will render it unfit for use {n thermometers. On receiving the tubing from the glass blower, the manufacturer usually closes up both ends of it to prevent moisture from entering. The bulb an ee - tion of the tube are filled with mercury by exhausting the air in the receptacle. That the bulb ig hea‘ed tn 4 fame and the open Of the tube ts ates ints mercury, When the ‘beat is withdrawn the alr in the bulbcon- tracts, and the wercury rises in the tube and partly Us tbe buid, ‘Then the mereliry in the uid is bolled, and, a8 all alr is éxpefted, the tube necessarily fills completely with the metal. After adjustment to the required height, the bulb ts again heated to expand the m: rien to fill the tube, and the end clos ‘Th instrument is graduated to the bolling point of water and the freezing it of ice, and when each has been ascertained the Un es marked on the fee dl i * i | 5 H gs i Fi iy a i i * A second | and none came | Ip the manufacture of thermometers P this circumstance, Thermometers are made tn allconcetvable designs, shapes and forms, and there are various kinds which are di Dy a produce continuous records. The minimum thermometer is made of sptrits of wine or alco- hol contained in the ordinary glass tube and bulb. In the fluid is a smal} glass index, which, by inclining the instrument, is brought up to the end of the fluid columa. When the tnstru- ment fs hung sn a horizontal position, and when the temparature falls, the top ot the liquid col- umn during its retraction carries the glasa in- dex with it and leaves it at the point which In- Gicates the minimum temperature reached dur- ing the period of exposure. The maximum Tegistering thermometer 13 a tube with a con- traction near the bulb, which allows the mer- bot with which {t is filled, to pass up with sufficient freedom to the greatest degree of heat, and when it recedes, the attraction of co- hesion is not sufficient to overcome tue stric- tures in the tube. The upper end of the column above the constriction marks the highest tem- [Seis reached during the period of exposure. ‘o readjust this instrument the mercury is sent centrifugal force. The “‘six’s registering ther- mometer” 18 A MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM instrument combined, and 1¢ is filed with both spirits of wine and mercury. Tho tube ts U-shaped, so that two columas are preseated for marking the temperature. Those tyro col- umns are partially filled with mercury, which is brought into intimate contact with the sur- face of the spirit. As elther end of the mercu- Tial column are small steel indices, incased in glass, upon which Is affixed a delicate spring of sufficient tenston to keep each index in its place, but not offering suffictent resistance to its being | reagily adjusted by A magnet. It will be apaar- ent that when the spirit contracts, one end of the column of mercury moves up, carrying the index on one side of the minimum temperature, and when it expands the index in the other is carried in like manner to the maximum temper- ature. Very few thermometers are positively accu- Tate, since no Instrument made by man ts per- fect, but good instruments can be obtained if judgment 1s used. Thermometers ot a class can be obtained at prices ranging Ty $1.25 to $100; Dut if one pays Dut 25, 50 or 75 cents he must not expect to get arelable in- strument. BAROMETERS, By means of the barometer we are enabled to estimate the pressure of the atmosphere with the same precision as if we were actually Weighing it, and yet we can see nothing of what is going on in the superior regions of the air. Placed upon the surface of the earth one feels the winds and hurricanes, and distin- ere! those motions that are made evident y the passage of clouds at their ordinary ele- vation, and no more. With the assistance of the barometer, however, and from the property which that instrument Se of marking at all times the weight of the column of air which it counterbalances, one cam become aware of the changes in the whole of the aerial ocean at once. It is easy to understand from tnis cir- cumstance that the barometer will not remain stationary for 8 whole year, for a whole month, or even fora whole day. In every place, ac- cordingly, the mercury in the tube of the barometer oscillates between two points above and below a certain mean eleva- Uon, which is peculiar to that place, though sometimes, and apparently from a gen- eral concussion of the atmosphere, it is suddenly depressed below, and at other times suddenly forced above, this mean point. It has been found that in the ordinary condition of the atmosphere the barometer rises and {alla twice during twenty-four hours, The period of these regular changes, called the hourly or diurnal variations of the barometer occur at stated hours, and the amplitudes of the osclilla- tons are very much the same 1n each given Spet. Variations of this kind are thus very Teadlly distinguished from the accidental va- riations, which are irregular in thelr appear- ance, and the extent of which cannot be fore- seen. The barometer was invented by Torricelli about the year 1643, but it was many yeara before it was appited to meteorological pur- ‘poses. and Perier, some time about the Year 1658, entered into the new ahd extensive fleld of inquiry that was opened by the experi- Inents of Torricelli, and the world is indebted to both of them as well as to Torricelli. For more than two centuries the ingenuity of Scientific men has been taxed to the utmost in improving the construction of the barometer, ant, while humerous modifications of its form have been contrived, those most approved to- day are but slightly varied from the straight, inverted tube of Torricellt, while mercury, the _ selected by him, is still preeued to all others, as the required welght of t occupies bat little space, while it is not Mable to ba voiatil- ized by slight elevations of temperature, and thus fill with its vapor the vacant space at the top of the tube, Particular attention is required in filling a tube with mercury chemically pure. The manner of introducing it is similar to that ene in filling the tubes of thermometers, and, indeed, there !s a similarity between the entire method of nianufacture, so that it is not necessary to repeat it in detail. When th liquid rises and falls in the tuoe the level of that in the bulb or cistern must change, and thus the absolute height of the mercury is ascertained by rendering THE SCALE MOVABLE, and bringing its zero point a'ways to the sur- face of the mercury tn the cistern; or by mak- ing the Scale fixed and bringing the mercury to its zero point by means of ascrew, which Is made to press against a flexible bag that forms the lower part of the cylinder. A sliding ver- Miler enables the scale to be read to the 1,000ch of an inch, and as yet no substitutes have been found for these minute divisions and vernter readings. A common barometer has an index which turns round upon a dial and polmts to figures which indicate the he!gnt of the mer- cury, and also points to the word descriptive of the weather, such as “rainy,” “cloudy,” “fair,” etc. Among the uninstricted, however, an erroneous iinpression prevalis concerning the barometer, conveyed by the words on the dial. ‘The instrument does pot designate by the ab- Solute height of the mércury, but by its rising or falling, the kind of weather that is to be mre e and the index does not indicate a ange. The barometer, like the thermometer, is not a perfect Instrument, and, however @vell con- structed and filled, 18 liable to vary after years of use by a partial oxidation of ihe mercury, producing a thin film, which attaches itself to, and obecures, the inner surface of the tube, and which can be removed only by cleaning and re- filling with fresh mercury. After long usaze, ni logs to cur Hud oe os and the g and gri enter into the vacuum, produsing in the host instrumenta effects that are only perceived after a scries of years. Instruments used for a long period show a lees height in the latter part of the period. While jittle reliance can be placed- upon the barometer as indicating by any single observa- Uon the condition of the weather, its fluctua tions caused by atmospheric pressure may, whem carefully noticed, often serve to foretell ‘the effects that must still ensue. For instance, a sudden and long-continued fall is a sure sign of an impending storm. The barometer is much valued in navigation, and maby instances are recorded of vessels being saved by the precautions taken in co! uence of the warning of the barometer at the imme- diate approach of hurricanes, of which no other nolice was given. Barometers are manufac- tured at most establishments where gopd and reltable thermometers are turned out. The ba- rometer not being an article in so universal use, there are not So many inferlor instraments in the market ag there are poor thermometers. Mercury, the inetel that is in total consumption of 7,083,120 pounds in one Zear, 8,960,000 pounds came from the land of go} Wedding Fashions. I have never met, and never expect to meet, the woman who can hear of a weduing quite unmoved. It is a rite that interests the whole sex, young and old, pretty and plain, rich and Poor, gentle and simple, No matter how wea they may have seen, they never tire of them, but will go to one after the other with unflagging intercat and attention, as absorbed during the ceremony a8 though it were an utter novelty. The bride is, of course, the centef of attraction. Even those who know her itely stare at her ag ther eac! yer. glances, As a ease looks best. Emo- oP) often a becoming effect. #"* in unis age of “nerves,” agitation is amy to produce pallor, a tendency to tears, or an unbecoming flush. seldom beautify. Poets and painters glorify beauty in ig theory. In their ft to redden the eyes; their secund incarnadiue the - nose; t third to, develop a tendency toward sniffs, Some years CP all brides wept. It was the correct thing. re had not quite emerged from the sentimental era. Mre. Heman’s Tead, and we all know how her was offended 80 much eee ae intro. practioal Dow a ways amuiles when she leaves ig. geen to do 80 a3 into the vacané space below the constriction by | MRS. HARRIS I HISTORY. Men who Never Lived—Things that Never Happened or Happened Dit- | ferently. and Mots Never Uttered. {New York World. } The proposition might at first glanca be deemed a rash one—that of any three popu- Jar versions of historical facts or sayings two would be found on examination to be ficutious, incorrect or unauthorized, but anybody who will take the pains to Investigate the subject of nistoric myths wiil be prepared to admit its substantial truth. Nor wouid the dictum only apply to medimval or classical times. No man has attracted more attention than Napoleon Bonaparte, yet the legend concerning him {s in most parts fabulous and ridicuions, There were scores Of observers at the Congress of Vienna who recorded the history of its slightest events. No twoof them agree as to the manner of the reception and annouace- ment of the news of the escape from Elba. Our own civil warts not so very far removed, } Bave juently ited him as ‘ ay on DOLeDACK, Due ‘would not a Doun‘ta- ry-stream of such importaace have had 9 bridge in that bridge-making day?) same biographer rejecte tne story about the pilot as “probably no more than one of the picturesque additions to reality made by men who find truth too tame for them,” folowing Alfred Maury, and he has even a better reason for declining to balieve the story of Cesar escaping during the Alex- andrian rising by swimmipg with one hand while with the other he beld the manuscript of his “Commentaries” above his head. As if a general would carry lis a about him when going into a hot action: 'e might .be less Inciined to pooh-pooh the story of his slipping abd falling on his landing in Africa, and exclaiming “Land of Africa, I take posse3- sion of thee!” for if he wa3 not superstitious his people were, and such an — would be Eeefut 8 a jest at an iil omen, erfcouraging the bystancers. But thesame story ts told about William the Conqueror landing in Zagiand and about Edward Lif. landing tn France, and we should not have been surprised to find it ta one yet within the week there hus been an at- | Cr°“last years “Campaiga Lives.” Every tet fo revice and rewrite the history of the | Che “tas “read the’ teary, by Voltaire, most {important of its carly battles, on the | of conde throw Ing bis “baton _ of ground that the contemporary accounts were) command” over the palisades at Fri- inventions. No political event during our na- Uonal existence created as much excitement as the counting-In of President Hayes. How maby versions are there in existence as to the orig'n of the plan and the method of Its execu- ton? Between the days wien soittary chronl- clers sat at their decks and invented attributes, acts and mots for their heroes, and whose when ten thousand journals make It tuolr Dusisess } to “cast light” on the even's of tae monen* | there fs really no difference—a very littie ait- ference, so far as that unfortunate creatiira, | “the average reader,” 1s concerned, and he finds bimseif ase ges to hold to a sortof hi bourg. What be did throw was his cane, the herd of historians who ignored the fact that the Prince never was a tarshal—never could have been a marshal, converting it into a baton.” Long before that, Douglas he Holy Lind with the Beuce’s sh Mr. Burton says that the King’s to be borse In war agatust the Saracens in Spainand not to be bariezin Ine Holy Sepulehre—wnen surrounded by the Moors In a skirmish cast if into the press of the enemy, and crying, “Pass frat in tgat as thou wert wont to do, and Dougias will follow ihee or die,” followed and died, an Incident com- men.orated in the armorial bearings ot many Scottish familtes, But fourteen centuries pe fore, when Cv sar landed on the British coast the Officer carrying the eagle of the Teata, when the legionaries hesitated on the decks, sprang overboard with it, calling (2 them to follow if they wished it saved. For the popular version Of Crsar’s death Shakespeare is responsi! just as he ts re sponsible for most of our views concerning mines history from Richard Il. to Wolsey, and has made the world accept Dancam as the victim of the treacherous and usurping Mac- beth, though Duncan fell in fair ight and in @ quarrel provoked by hitaself. According to Plutarch, when Casca struck the first blow, Cesar turned on bim and latd hold of his sword. “At the same time they both cried out, the one ia Latin, * Villain Casca, what dost thou mean?" and the other in Greek to his brother, ‘Brother. herp!’ Some say he op- pored the rest and continued struggling and crying out, till he perceived the sword of Bru- tus; then he arew his robe over his face and aie te ape Nicholas aenine only mentions Casca as speaking—‘“ %) Dis brother in Greek on account of the tu- mult,” and Suetonius declares that Cwsar fell plerced with twenty-three wounds, with 2 sin- gle groan, though, he adds, ‘some have handed down” that to Marcus Brutus rushing on he cried In Greek, “And you, my son,” or “And you, My son, and you are one of them.” Meri- vale places no reliance on “such jute de- tails.” and thinks the whole statemen¥of the effect of the sight of Brutus fs a fiction spring ing from the ‘vulgar story,” told by Suetonius, that Brutus was Ciesar’s son, a story perhay strengthened by Cuesar’s instructions at the battle of Pharsalia that Brutus, if ‘Was not to be injured, but which is much weak- ened by Brutus’s deep attachment to his mother and his a of many favors from César. The best Roman authorities, then, ignore Ceesar’s speech to Brutus, and the legend Inede Lim deliver in Greek, but Shakespeare picked the Latin out of “The ‘True Tragedie of Richard, Duke of York,” on which be formed the thira part of his “Henry VI.” and “Et tu, rate?” came more intimately associated with Caesar's name than any thing he actually sald | fear that it te be prove true, nor ace» the accuracy of any statement which seoms ; reasonable lest it should prove false. All know how classical literature aboua43 in myths and impossivilities, The Ezypifan did not come from Esypt nor Pheniclan Cadmus from Pheeulcia. .E-:op ‘Was hot a hunchback any more than “the fa- mous French hunchback,” Adam de la Gaile. The story of Sappho’s leap at_Leucadia is not older than the period of the Epicureang, Le- onidas’s “300 defenders of ogee hed really numbered 7,000, or 12,000. It is at least doubt- ful whether the tyrant Dionysius became a Corinthian schoolmaster, and Phillo's letter to Aristotle about the education of Alexander was Gait re ‘The tub of Diogenes was not a tub but a jar to say nothing of the fact that tubs, a8 Pliny tells us, were of Gallic and not of Grecian origin—and though there were lanterns at the time, there is no evidence that he employed one in his tamous quest, and that quest, we fancy, was fora man, and not for an-honest man. As for the eariler history of Rome, Niebuhr has riddled it suffictently, trom intern al evidence principally, while Sir George Cornewall Lewis, though objecting to Nie- buhr’s method and insisting only trustworthy source or test Is external proof, 1s just about as deadly. “Historical evidence,” he says, “like judicial evidence, 1s founded on the testimony of cred- ible witnesses. Unless these witnesses had Personal and immediate perception of the acts Which they report unless they saw and heard what they undertake to relate as having hap- pened, their evidence is not entitled to credit. As all original witnesses must be contemporary with the events which they attest, it is a neces- Sary Condition for the credibility of a witness that he be a contemporary, though a contempo- Fary 18 not necessarily a credibie witness, Unless, therefore, a historical account can be traced, by probable proof, to the testimony of contempo= Yarles, the first condition of historical credibility fails.” No historical account of Kome or tne Romans for more than four centuries after the foundation of the city fulfills this condition, “The first book ef Livy, containing the regal period,” says Hayward, ‘can lay claim, when thus tested, to no higher authority than Lora Macaulay’s ‘Lays.’” ‘The story of Lucretia’s virtues and Tarquin’s outrage 13 strongly tm- peached, and there is a stout contention that she was Guilty, and committed suiciae from fear of judgment and reproach. Livy himself did not know to what. peoples the Horatil and Curtatil belonged; their story, down to the de- tall of the victor’s sister being in love with one of the vanquished, and being killed by him, HE_COPARTNERSHIP HERETOFORE EX- STING 8 WOODWARD, LOTHROP —& COCHRANE is dissolved by mutual consent. Mr. §.W, WOODWARD i alone authorized to sien in haa 8. W. WOODWARD, A. M. LOTH@OP, G. . COCHRANE. ‘The business will. be continued as herctofore, was Current in Greece (Arcadia) at an nam ‘TH: early period. It is fairly doubted whether | [24st te frm name cf WOUDWAED & LOTH. the earlier Brutus shammed idiocy, and Washington, April 1, 1381. spré-m,w, faz When he put his sons to death it was with brutality rather than through strict justice and patriotism. The story of Scievola’s tight hand hissing in the Tuscan fire—tola ITED STATES OF AMERICA, ? DistTRIOT OF CoLUMB! This is to certify that the Jong ago by the Greek Agatharcides—was an | fo. a ited perenne pursuant to the Re- invention of the family to give themselves a | vised Statutes of the United States relating to the [ope origin, and explain their surname, | District of Col i that the mame or firm pater t is probable that Applus Claudius in the law- $0 be. cond: which euch partnership 1s 4 ve RD & LO’ P; that the general ns- suit about Virginia had the better of the lega: | WOODWARD & LOTHKOP; tran question. (Talking of Roman law, it is curisus | {FP of business intended to be Teas) that while the original agrarian measures of Goods, anc the Gracchi were not extravagant, but rather constitutional and necessary, “agrarian” nowa- | names of all the general and 8 in- days is popularly used as implying something terest ans herein oy follows viz:—Samuel Walter revolutionary and a term of stigma) much as yeeide in thecity of eee Pei “demure” and ‘‘cunning” have come to convey insinuations, while “compabion” has risen from a term of reproach to one of honor.) AS for the she-wolf that was the Little Buttercup of Romulus and Remus, Curtius’s leap lato the general partners, and Samuel ¢. mai, the city, of New York, is the special partner t the special partner, Samuel! C. Pullman, has uted the sum e thi chasm, Clo-a’s swliamling the Tiber, Hora- Ube's Grave keeping of the Bridge, Coriglanus's ae commence on the first day of April 1BSL. melodramatic career—! According to Pliny | 18i5.” Dated thie thirty: iret Gay of 1881 and Tacitus Lars Porsenne took Rome; Hora- | Sa. ‘TER WOODWARD, iSeal,) ALVIN Uus Cocles, according to Polybius, Was Killed; | M. LOTHROP, fSea}} General Partners; BAMUEL this same historian is significantly stleatas to | 0. PULLMAN, (Seal, | Special Partner. ‘apl-eo4w* iS the corahat of Manitus Torquatus, and as for | ———<$__$ $$$ Brenuuy’ e Vi it was probably never 0 7 uttered, while Camtlius did not rout him and He RV ESEE CELOSIEG BSUS, g0 53 pie froin paying a ransom. Romu- No, 939 Pennsylvania Avenne, lus’s story In €very essential feature Is a re- production of the legend of Cyrus, and long before tae Romun historians wrote ‘the Phry- gian traditions recorded the exploit of a Cur- Uus. The heroic fable of Regulus is generally te,ceted and was probably Invented to excuse the torture of Carthaginian prisoners. The suicide of Portia by swallowing live coals is another heroic myth—an impossibility. Han- nibai’s retirement to Capua 1s by many critics regarded a8 no fault, but rathera necessity, and iC must be said that the latest researches into his record as a general give hima highor Standing than ever among the great captains of the world and show that with a very small force he utterly routed the Romans, who were Between 9th and 10th streets northwest. The Latest Novelties in GENTS’ PRINCE ALBERT COATS and VESTS, GENTS’ LESTER WALLACK COATS and VESTS, GENTS’ CZAB COATS and VESTS. The Latest New York Sensation in ‘ENTS’ SILK-FACED °K SUITS, GENTS’ i SILE BUSINESS SUITS IN PROFUSE VARIETY. auke re corrupt a Ses ee “el The Handsomest Line of employment of vinegar to mel e ne cr : rocks 18 a story that there need not be much ES E Suats cempunction about rejecting, though it 13 held In the City. by some very respectable authorities that long before bim the Egyptians possessed ao wets of some powerful chemical agent equal to task of softening rocks, else how could they have done so rapidly in 80 intractable a ma- terlal the wonderful carving revealed on our own Cleopatra’s needle, Talking of Cleopatra and vinegar; it will readily be conceded that a Mquor strong enough to dissolve pearls instan- taneously would not have exercised a bene- ficial effect on the coats of the stomach. A Precisely similar story is told about the mag- nificent Sir Thomas Gresnam. Sceptica have BOYS' AND CHILDREN’S CLOTHING A Particular Feature of our Establishment. BLACK GOODS A SPECIALTY. Ovn Paicks ARE ALways THE VEBY LOWEET. . | 4 STRAUS, 939 Penn: Avenue H.W. ¢p23. NEW GOODS even doubted the story of Cleopatra’s asp, at- Uibuting her death and the death of her’ at- tendaats to poison. If the Germans are right, Helen was about sixty atthe time of the ‘Tro- jan war. Archimedes was too gooda mathe- Matician to talk of moving the world with a lever were he given a fulcrum—so M. Edouard Fournier asserts, on Bulwer’s authority; but, what is more to the pu according to Plutarch, Archimedes did not specity any in- strument and asked for a place to stand on— nota fulcrum. Belisarius’s bitndness 1s ano- ‘ther romance, and the dying speech of Julian the Apostate—our may choose be- tween. “Thou hast conquered, O Galilean!” and “Sun, thou hast betrayed me!”—could not have been uttered, JEIVED DAILY. 5,000 JAPANESE PARASOLS. For Misses, Ladies and Gentlemen, I6c. to 50s. in solid and fancy colors. 10.000 Japanese Fans, in ail possible styles, from © up. 500 Fiehin Bods, from 20c. up. 1.000 Hustle Plottre Frames, from 1c. up 50 dozen Solid Walnut and Gilt Erames, from 25c. Up, always on hand, iu ail sizes. i 100 dozen Baskets, consisting of Lunch, Shopping, ‘Traveling, Work, infant, Office, &c., &c., in Jmmiente Variety at bottom 8. French-Plate Gilt- © Lool Guasses, from considering: the nature of 5c. up. ay 4 “ay. | Beveled edve Fine French-Plste Hand Mirrors, 78c. ing words? Cae at acne oe Ap 200 ‘Katy Didn't Clocks, correct time pieces, 95c. shot through the heart, and as hiis division fell { Feven-Bhot Revolvers, #1. | Japanese Hand- a a teed ee 1,000 Gharnota Skins, from Jdo.vap. 6,000 Small a Kish Bponges, Ope the evidence or the Dukésot rand Vaimy Sane ss ae Heléha to O'leara, apart from the fact that | A FRESH SUPPLY OF VELOCIPEDES AND aparte Wasan accomplished Har “on —— Bon: as eral i oe we know that one of his specialties was the manutacturé of ‘dying words.” He admitted to Metterpic that he Was the author of Lannea’s ‘ut words, Nillemain and other Gritics had already ar- Tyee Be 8 deme stration of the unauthenti- iy “Tumonly received version.) -4* "othe fables that encrust the blstory of wesar, they inustbe many, though we cannot very ‘well eay how many. Napoleon and £00 Baby Carrisaeé; in all the new etyles, from $8 UP. At SILVEBBERO'S Great: Metropolitan Bazaar of Fancy Goods and ‘oye, ap23 312 7th and 313 Sth st., near Pa. ave. — discredited hls exhortation to the pilog, “thon wesar and his forcunes,” So .aus” AND on the und that 5 ee ae Gow THE! 13.—We are new 2 i new 2s the “Comment ce shine for same Yovage during whien itis supposed to have | Soe acee Hand; can be worked with one oF twa happened—an ill-advise1 and unsuccestul at- | needles at will of the operator; one mac chine, will though he pot re a gag | sy you. ine sufticientiy to mind application Tew Piceting Boards st Ture was one w Macnee the Hekt-ranuing a ire was One 3 remember with complacency. = do all a XS, — Beaty gored Fash expedition, 1 OPRAH Maw 528 Oth st. , iret Rentisg and Repairing. ‘ayaa ject the story of nis aie tian rikipg and minute details by both Piu- oe deed ee fare and Buetontas, atill Detter one at $2, custom mada, poe Newport Ties and Bho aio wa cast’ Avoovatn bos Compiste ine Men's Low-out Shoes, rang- cried out: “The G16 1s cast, ‘to 92.80 and Upwards. 1ULE-1016 Bi KT oe ~ASH HILL FARM — PY ag me eet eae: Sess te | THE BISE OF MINSTRELSY. [Fort Wayne (Ind. ) Sentinel] is peeulisr'y an American institution. seowerorsncscmete | of humor characteristic of our people, we find the | Xvights of burnt cork everywhere gladly welcomed, | and their efforte to mirtbfay entertain us heartily | appreciated. They can almost be regarded as pub- lic benefactors, in that their fau-making proclivi- thes really tend to lengthen life ;—and laughter is, | afterall, the best health giving tonic. However,even when engaged in this laudable work, they are sub- jected to dangers and accidents incident toconstant traveling. Mr.8.H.Joseph, Agent Emerson's Min- strels, thus refers to his personalexperience. During the month of April, 1880, while hastily descending | the stairs at the hotel, my foot caught in the bal- uster; this accident resulted in a severe strain Of allthe tendons; my foot and ankle were terribly swollen, and physicians pronounced the injury to be of a very severe nature; for four weeke I was entirely unfitted for business; could not stand or bear any weight upon the limb. I tried many remedies with no benefit; at Lancaster. Pa., I was presented with a bottle of St. Jacobs Oil, and at the solicitation of friends commenced using it; the effects were marvelous, the ewelline parcept- ibly diminished, the pain ceased, and in a short time I was entirely cared. I thsrefore can with truth epesk from experience; and tn saying St. Facobs Gil acts in a marvelous manner, I but partly express my 00a opinion of it it TOLU ROCK ANP HYE. TOLU ROOK AND RYS. TOLE ROCK AND RYE. TOLD BOCK AND BYE. (Trade-Mark Socaree,) <S£ GREAT APPETIZER. AND SUBE OUBB FOE COUGHS, COLDS, BRONCHITIS, AUTEM. CONSUMPTION, AnD ALL DISBasBs OF THE THROAT AND LOUNGE The most acceptable preparation tmown for Bronchial, Pectoral ané Pulmonary Afections. &N EXORL- LENT APPETIZER an@ TONIO, tor seneraland family use. Tue immense nd increasing asics snd testimonials received daily are the best evidences of ita virtues and popularity. PUT UPIN QUART-SIZE BOTTLES SIVING MOSE FOR THR MONEY THAN ARE ARTICLE IN THE MARERT. PRIOE $2 PER BOTTLE. OAUTION. DONT BE DECRIVED by unprin- ‘tipled desiers, who try to palm off common Bock and Rye in place of our TOLU ROOK and RYE, which is ths only MEDICATED article made, the GENUINE: having a PROPBIETARY GOVEBNMENT STAMP OR BAGH BOTTLE LAWRENCE & MARTIN, PBOPRIETORS, CHICAGO, LLLINOIB. SOLD BY DBUGGISTS, GROOEERS and DEALERS EVERYWHERE, WHOLESALE AGENTs Im WasuINGTON, D. 0. A. VOGELER & ©O., novi0-eol2m ‘BaLTIMoRs. — LUMBERi CUB IMMENSE TRADE SHOWS WHAT VIM AND PUSH WILL DO. WILLET & LIBBEY, 3 | Sprague Squara nee” Vards. Square, e febae W, 2: WHEATLEY = STEAM DYEING AND WET AND DEY SCOURING ESTABLISHMENT. wa a deliver WORK anywhere in the Districk upon receipt of address by tial or others Goods received and returned mail express tromand voall parts of the couse ne No. 1068 (old 48) Jefferson street, aps Hear Bridge, Georgetown, D. 0. NO REASONABLE OFFER MONEY TO LOAN AT 6 PEE CERT. SPECIAL BATES FOR $100 AND UPWARDS. J. MM. & B. COHEN. ~ feby 1105 Penna. ave, northwest. ea TUL At DODGE & 00. Bankers & o fates in whch $25 to can. be. rv = DSS oak Se oes oa so far ‘to al others in: ‘workmn: Cas add OLIVETTS Pres gens piano As I am well known as a first-class shirt and for the last nine years with TEEL, I announce © By friends and the public I cap be found at KEEN'S NEW SHIRT FACTORY, and will ll allerfers fer SHIBTS !ntrasted tome ‘tn the very best manner. A. J. LOCKHART, wth ko. T. KEES, mars) Oth ot , m. w. ALKEB'S, 206 10rm Brurer. CHAROOAL, LIME, CEMENT, PLASTER, CARPET LINING FELT, FELT and nov? GRAVEL ROOFING SUPPLIES. 7s ©. BASSHOK & Ov., DEALERS IN WROUGHBISON STEAM. GAS AND WATER PIPE, BOILER TUBES, CASING AND LINING PIPES, FOBGINGS, STEAM ENGINES, BOLLEBS, PUMP4, VALVES, FITTINGS FOR STEAM, GAS AND WATER, PACKING AND BELTING, STEEL COAL AND BIBT BARKOWS, GAUGES, LUSRIOATING ODL, &c., BALTIMORE, MD. BBANCH OFEIOK _aprl3-20 No. 14230 F Street. Fo THE SPHING TRADE. MATTINGS, MATTINGS, MATTINGS. OIL CLOTHS, LIGNUMS, LINOLEUMS. INGRAIN TsPESTRY and BODY B&USSELS. OARPETS at Bottom Prices. LACE CURTAINS, CRETONNES and UPHOL- STERY GOODS in Great Variety, at SINGLETON & HOEKE’s, SOR Market Space. 62 Our Steam Carpet Cleaning Works are open TERERS, D) AND REPAIB- UES sete erat teste Io. A; B WILLIAMS, Hardarare, 919 7th street. Quaeats's MILWAUKEE LAGER BEER. THE BEST LAGER SOLD IN THE DISTRICT. In Ossks and Bottice. TRADE SUPPLIED BY THE AGENT, SAN’L C. PALME, Depot, 12334 29th st., West Waehington. §7Televhonio Connection. apls J. B. WHITE & BEOS., Manufacturers of PORTLAND CEMENT, EL Sema Yor strenuthentog the foondation of the Washington Monugnent were awarded to us over competitors, our Cement being the strongest <> ARD FLEMING, Sict‘of Columbia. where scnpely Wil be kept constantly on hand. Zon want to ba y call and see— jobasskegsiarfor ee Tseaeeee “The MYSTERY HURT, YS cents. 1s as g00G as shirt in America. EN OGLLAKS, fuest quaitty and iatestatylea, 1. ors eee six for 75 cents. B: -WEAR, chea} than ever. GOTTON BOOKS, two els for a cents, urna! Very fine ALe-LINEN HANDKEROHIERS, 26 DRO} HOBEHOURD AXD EUECAMCANE ABTHO! He ATTARE Ph ANMAGISE, apt” 14th and I and 2d and D ate. northwest. TST RECEIVED—Two wore Car Loads J Fancy SEED Ons, For sale in quantities to enit. - H. TENNEY & 80) Denes tn Flour, Grain, Mill Feed, Hay, iw. APITAL wo Washinvion DeO. BUPPERT. Hos, 408 end 405 7th st. m. w. SRADQUARTEES FOR THE WHITNEY CHIL- DREN'S CARRIAGE OOMPANY, the cheapest for Bestty, Gom/ort and Durability in the market. ARCHERY AND FISHING TACKLES, CROQUET AND LAWN TENNIS, Bi VELOCIPEDES, WAGONS, A. Y. ROLLER SKATES (all numbers) At Prices ‘Times. mero apis wo Buit the gustan SHATRS ‘The best assortment of BKEATES. Sharpening ‘Grates « specialty. Aino, a fine assortment of Fine CUTLERY, Presents, at Sect 628 7th st.. opp Pstant Offa, YARD COLLECTORS. 6 2 fall sets cleant Ad: essen pail earns iT & BROWN, Stationera, NEw DRY GOODS. In SPECIAL BARGAINS BLACK BROCADE BLAOK SATIN DE LYON. COLORED “* bad BLACK SATIN DUCHESS. BLACK AND COLORED SUBAH SILKS. UN'S BLACE VEILING. ‘TRURREL. CLARE & 00., apie 803 Market Space. THE “NOBFOLK JACKED” suit The Great Fashionable Garment for Young Ladies bas been adapted to CHILDREN'S BUITS. ‘They srevery Tasty, Stylish, and Low in Price. SOME NEAT DESIGNS @5 PEE SUIT. HANDSOME DRESS STYLES AT @¢6 AND 06.50 PER BUIT. Ladies contemplating making for themselves “NORFOLK JACKET,” mothers desiring the Most Stylish Garments for a" ‘their children are invited to examine them. A. SAKS & CO., ONE PRICE CLOTHIESS, ap20 316 and 318 Seventh st. P= eR Interest payable at Treasury United States. At 115 these bonds pay about 434 per cent. A few thousand for sale. p20 LEWIS JOHNSON & OO., Bankers 709 MARKET SPACE. We ans Dare Orgxmso New Goons I= Oona Ea. FE