Evening Star Newspaper, February 28, 1880, Page 7

—— ia WHY OUR WOMEN GROW PLUMP. [Oincinnati Gazette.} ‘The development of the American society female from the national lean type to embon- point is apparent to all mature observers of this interesting species. The cause of this ‘change, and its effect on wot morally and intellectually, are worthy of philosophical in- Guiry, | Some of those “organs of disjointed king”—as the good Dr. Rush described the newspapers—lightly ascribe the cause to growth of wealth and luxuw but this. try of euphemism, conveys indolence and eating, and suggests by association of ideas the fattening course of stall feeding and correlative mental sluggishness. This would divest plump- ees of poetry. And there is seeming contra. diction to this inference of mental inertness In the incident that our women have eatered new pursuits of culture, particularly in high art, Such as carving wood, decorating pottery, dec- orative modeling, the Kensington stitch, paint- ing on dress*fabrics, and so 01 ‘his Groner 1s superfict: ‘at this super- ficial development of the American female must have mental and moral correlation. If to shift vany of the planet on which we sojoura ‘Would vary the balance of the spheres, this ta- Crease of substance in our women must affect the social balance. The harmony of the pro- cesses of nature would lead investigation along the theory that this development is the working Of a variety of concurrent elements, rather than & Variation by someexceptional cause. Female fashion has changed. Even during the present. generation the fashion was to be delicate. Girls Ate strange substances to make them pale and slender. A consumptive form was thought in- teresting in girls, as it was in young preachers, Restraining ‘apparatus was used to prevent growth of the waist. The model fis W the waist were screwed tato the lower body. The fashion Is now changed. Ministers bear the signs of good living,and their wives are they that grow consumptive. This makes them stiil more interesting to the unmarried females of the flock. Woman's readiness in rushing into this fatal breach shames the notion that hers {s not ‘the courageous sex. We suppose that Bluebeard Was a popular man in small tea parties. By a similar paradox the suttee is liked by Hindoo pon women. Our girls now wish to be plump, and they eat nourishing things instead of slate acils. The fashion of dress has conformed to n0OWth of taste, and the waist instead of seeming to be screwed into the hips, curves fully out to them, and {s allowed to grow o Its due proportion. ‘Fashion is a strong men- tal power and subordinates the senses. ‘Its in- fluence on the female mind is paramount. Mr. Jéseph Cook announces the existence of psychic force or will power over extrancous physical objects, Which can move them without contact. With psychic :o ce why may nct woman swell herself to such orm as she destres, if she shall put her whole mind to it,and not rest on foreign appliances? This theory of a psychic developing power is further supported by the opinion of Scientific men, that the force of pure will, un- compromised by reason, is stronger In woman than in man. There are other great causes. To suppose that the tremendous progress in woman's con- dition which has lifted her from a slave, a chat- tel, one of a herd of wives of a bovine ‘lord, all of whom were slaves, to the place of head of the household and the sole possession of a man, has taken place without any correlative change in her physical and moral beinz, would be un- Sclentific. Let us, like Joseph Cook, be always Scientific. Woman is better loved and cher- by man—would she not be unnatural if she did not fatten on this? Even in cattle those that do not respond to better keeping by improved condition are set_ down as Of a bad breed. With the growth of luxurious civilization the labors of the household are transferred to helpers of a hagdier class. While the battle of life has grown tlercer to the man, her part has grown easier. Good feeding, and the change of fashion, which allows society women to eat their fill, instead Of disclaiming appetite before company, have Dorne a part in this development. ‘The fashion- able woman is now a feeder, and makes eating the great feature of society parties. Also with higher civilization child-bearing 1s _re- Stricted. To increase and aay and replen- ish the earth is not now the chief end of the Wife; she thinks moge of replenishing herself. Her substance, instead of being divided, goes all to her own nourishment. The cares of training children are also less, and so in many ways the change in woman's state 1s to that which pro- motes rotundity. But of all the fattening cones oe have <= mee her elevation, ips the greatest is the high consequence to Se eoiehioies risen in society, in the conjugal State and in the household. ‘The lifting of the wife from the condition of a and slave, in whicn she is held in all the Jower civilizations, to a place of reverence, wor- sh‘p and command, could not be without cor- Tesponding change’ in her habit. The inferior Stature Ol the women of barbarous tribes is marked. The American Indian ts of a lordly size and form; the squaw 1s small. With the development of civilization, woman develops, In our high civilization, she 1s queen of the fam- ily circle and a queen in society. Man submits to her sway. Inexperienced men have a fancy of what they call beginning right wich a wife; Dut in the first stage of wedded lite man Is in the soft state, while woman's presence of mind never deserts her, and thus is her authority DAS ‘The habit of rule is the full habit. Authority ves a swelling port. Power has in all ages een associated in idea with size. A well-known little Congressman 1s credited with saying that At he were six inches taller he would be Presl- dent. In all countries the lords are the largar class, the peasants the lesser. form swells when giving orders. High rank has a high strut. The Sense of governing great nations and commanding great armies swells the man. ‘Who thinks of ‘Empress, Queen or Duchess, as glean person? When Israel, like Henry Ward Beecher, wanted a King, and bad no royal family, Saul’s fitness was recognized because he # Was a head and shoulders taller than the multl- tude. To suppose that woman has be from the slave drudge to a place of su ence and sway as she exercises In our clviliz: tion, without responding to it by a higher bodily developmeut, is to set her down as an ex- ception to ail nature, and as absolutely unim- provable. : Thus has this elevation of woman's state raised in bodily condition. Thus has her increasing consequence expanded her in size. ‘Thus is tuis embonpotnt the natural working of ber assumption of that rule which comes so naturaily that we have to conclude.in the words of Jefferson's prize composition, that for this she was formed by nature and nature’s God. Nor are the fashionable female tine arts so great an intelectual strain as to resist this plumping contrary, they are rather & substitution for Latellectual labor. ‘There seems to be hittie on woman's side to set off against the increasing strain of mental activity on the professional man, the man of trade, and the Man Wiio has to keep his head above water in political pursuits. ven the writer on that Organ of disjointed thinking, the dally paper, may have more mental wear. While woman has expanded tn form by this rise in station, has it made her more moral, contented, aud amiable? Were Unis not the case, Still her increase in flesh would be no fatl- ure.’ Aspiration to a higher state 1s not con- teniment. Destre for authority grows with ex- ereige. The appetite for homage 1s never sa- tated. We cease not to pursue knowledge be- cause the higher we go the more we find lite not worth living. Ease is associated with a lower scale of being; activity with the higher. Discontent is the éngine of progress. Ifany Stage of elevation brought satisfaction, that ‘would be the turning point to degeneracy. Our first mother acquired a large stock of knowl- e—not by the hard way of the boarding- School, but by the short method of eating an apple; yet it brought not contentment. ‘This world is a probation, and therefore a world of trouble. Far better than things comfortable and amiable here, is it that man shall be con- Unually prodded to long for another and a better world. ‘Tosuppose that expansion in flesh makes wo- men more azmiable 1s to suppose that it dulls in- tellect and sensibility. A treatise upon wore: th always the limitation that it must recel' no theory that does not compliment her; there- fore, we musi eject this supposition. Scientific persons arc of ihe opinion that although this in- creased thickness of the tlesh part of her stru ture may be attended with diminished activit; of inteLect.and with less of deep and strong and lasting feeling, yet that the greater superiicies brings compensation by a corresponding in- crease in the number and readiness of the su- Ticlal and transitory sensations and emotions. his, if true, would argue that fatness brings the opposite of a domestic atmosphere of repose. But all that calls itself science has to change “ground so often that we may not accept all pro- BRouncements as finalities. Embonpoint (this word sounds better than corpulence) diminishes activity of movement, but has Coe erp advantages in making the slender tly to anticipate the wants of the Stout. For the lean to serve the fat seems the order of nature, although it reverses the order of the Jean and fat kine of Jose] — Corpulency* is betwer than wages in bringing service. The fat one has the lean at her bec! and grows greater by these advantages. Weight of body ts y@nerally accepted as carrying moral eight. ‘Thus do we find that the change of American female from leanness to a gen- ‘€rcusness in ficsh has come with her rise & low estate, and that her greater bodily devel- ‘Opment is a monument more durable than brass to the civilization which has given her this swelling elevation. wean antenna arranging all domesti one is only willing to take @ little trouble. Two hot tempers are not en jaly,” was ly. erered a secret and It" works “admit ably. “And ieeeae was Goons next —, = keg J ‘my. Sener hates sear cae ‘Sid welare tous very bADPy.” : MARRIED ANGELS. (Desroit Free Press.} ‘There are some folks who think it awful wick- ed for husband and wife to sit down together of an evel and play cards, while others can't see where the harm comes in. “Why,” said the Colonel a few daysago, when the subject of card-p! was under discus- sion, “does any one pretend that my wife and I can’t play a few games of euchre without dis- uting ana arguing and getting mad over it? afers can’t, perhaps, but we could play for a thousand years and never have a word—yes, we could.” ‘The others shook their heads in adubious way and the nettled Colonel walked strait to a sta- tioner’s and bought the nicest k he could find. That evening, when his wife was ready to sit down to her fancy work, he produced the a? at was told to-day ind I ld “May, I was that you ai coul n't play cards without disputing and getting into a row. Darling, draw up here.” “Dearest, we will not have a word of dis- aa Sd one,” she replied, as she put away her worl The Colonel shufiied away and dealt, and turned up a heart. “Torder it up,” she observed, and she looked over her cards. “T was going to take {t up anyhow,” growled the Colonel, as his chin fell, all his other cards being black. “Play to that,” she said, as she put down the joker. “‘ Whoever heard of anybody leading out in trumps!” he exclaimed. “Why don’t you lead out with an ace?” “Oh, I can play this hand.” “You can, eh? Well, I'll make it the sickest Play you ever saw! Hai took all the tricks, eh? Well, I thought, ’'d encourage you a little. Give me the cards—it’s my deal.” “You dealt before.” “No, I didn.t!” be ee yes you did! We have only played one and.” hi “Well, go ahead and deal all the time if you wantto! I'll make two off your deal anyhow. What’s trump!” She turned up a club. He had only the nine- spot; but he scratched his head, puckered his mouth and seemed to want to order itup. The bluff didn’t work. She took it up, and he led an ace of hearts, “No hearts, eh?” he shouted as she trumped it, “Refusing suit is a regular loafer’s trick! Tl keep an eye on you! Yes, take it—and that— and that—and all of ’em! It’s mighty queer where you got all those trumps! Stocked the cards on me, did you?” “ Now, dear, I played as fair as could be and made two, and if I make oneon your deal I'll skunk yot oi “Pd like to see you make one on my deal,” he puffed. “I’ve been fooling along to encourage you, but now I am going to beat you out of ht. Diamonds are trumps.” she passed, and he took it upon two small trumps. He took the first trick, she the next two, he the fourth, and when he put out his last trump she had the joker. “Skunked! skunked!” she exclaimed, as she clapped her hands in glee. “You didn’t follow suit? ” “Oh, yes I did.” “T know better! You refused spades?” “Thadn't any. “You hadn’t, eh? Why didn’t you have any? Inever saw a hand yet without at least one spade in it!” “Why, husband, I know how to play cards.” “And don’t 1? WasntI playing euchre when you were learning to walk! I say you stocked “No, n't! You are a poor player; you don’t Know how to lead!” “«J——|—_why, maybe I'm a fool, and maybe Idon’tknow anything, and so you can play ajone and have ali trumps every time!” He pushed back, grab! his paper, wheeled around to the gas, and it was nearly thirty-six hours before he smiled again. Nevertheless, no one else ever had a dispute over cards, HULLO-GERAMS. A demand having been made for a word equivalent to telegram, to designate a message sent by telephone, 8. C. Haskins poetically re- sponds for the Indlanapolis Sunday Journal as follows: What shall wo call ’em, these telephone telegrams? ‘Messayes sent in the voice of the sender: Hard-hitting explotives, cuss words and other ams, ‘very’, julcy words, loving and tender. Silvery, Juley wosnrt calleun tell-¥e rss. ders for pickles, for paint or for corduroy, OFtmibor er ish: hooks, a dog-cart or wagon, «Send mea nurse girl,” or or ‘Hunt up my baggage, my name is the tag on.” Can't call ‘em parle-grams. ‘When the transmitter works buzzy and sputtering, When the induction is frying its fishes, ‘When the receiver gets weak and is tottering, “Death to inventors!” bolls up in our wishes. ‘Gan't call ‘em kill-o-grams. ‘When it works well and some one is telling you Bright, startling stories that shine like a horse- shoe— ‘That light incandescent that some one keeps sell- ing you, Till loud, merry laughter goes crazy—of course you g Can’t call ‘em funny-grams. Since we ‘‘hullo” every time that we have a call, Whether it’s serious business or funning, Whether it's preaching or something that's ie “Hulo-srams,” wouldn't that sound rather cunning? ‘lend me an errand Let's call "em Hullo-grams. Ole Bull’s Pennsylvania Castle. ‘[New-Bergen Letter to the Titusville Herald.] About thicty or thirty-five years ago Ole Ball, the Norwegian violinist, with one of those idiosyneracies peculiar to men of genius, turned his attention to colonizing and specula- Hons in lumber. Engaging a number of his countrymen, who reached New York on thelr way to the fertile flelds of the West, he brought them here, laid out a city and erected cabins for their use. He purchased an im- mense tract of land in this region from parties in New York, and made preparations to open up the forests on a ind scale. About six miles below here, on Kettle Creek, high up on the summit of the mountains, he built for himself ahome. Endeavoring to implant in this wild- erness some memories of the land he had left, he constructed a castle and furnished it with all the embellishments that could be imported into this out-of-the-way place. A beautiful road winding up the mountain side on a grad- ual assent led to his retreat. Artists were brought from afar to add to the splendor of his castle, and the painter and gilder gave their handiwork to complete the structure, while paper of the most expensive kind covered the walls and added its charms to the edifice. One mammoth room was set apart as the con- cert hall, and here Ole Bull exercised all his ingenuity in its decoration. The roof was com- posed of glass, and the barbaric splendor was well calculated to make one forget the outside surroundings and yield themselves to the subtle strains of his violin and enter with spirit into the gayeties and festivities with which Ole Bull tried to surround himself. But all this was doomed to moulder and decay. Before the ar- tans had yet ceased their labor trouble began to show itself. Dissatisfaction began to mani. festamong those who had come with him to this land, ‘and sithough he expended money freely and tried to bring ’@ and harmony among his retainers, the spectre of rebellion would not vanish. About this time, too, he discovered that the title to his land was not worth the cost of its writing. He had bought it from parties who had ne claim on it what- ever, and now the real owner came forward and asserted his rights. Overwhelmed by the thickening troubles that came on him, he sud- denly abandoned all and reappeared again among the haunts of civilization, and, with his beloved violin as his companion, began to re- trieve his wasted fortunes by treading the boards behind the footlights. The colony he had brought with him, being left without a leader, gradually broke up and became scat- tered far and wide. Now scarcely one remains behind to tell the story and record the history of New Bergen. The castle on the mountain top suffered from the ravages of time and the ation of the curlosity-seeker. Hundreds visited the place, and most all carried away some mememto of this “Ole Bull's Folly,” ull now scarcely a log remains to mark the spot. ‘The only reminder of the past is in the name of the little village that clusters around the foot ofthe mountain. It is called Oleona, which is sapposed to be what remains after the “short- caine Ds ” of “Ole-owns-It.” Baby-Drums. ‘There were imported into this country from England several years ago a sort of a tea drink- ing company or a tea fight, and for some unex- [rte reason they were called kettle-drums. ey take place just at the end of the afternoon, aimost always before dark, and they are rather informal, and so quite le meet changing Ibe Misia anaes cea the word, , AN what are call baby-drums. That is a rig of @ number of little chaps in long clothes or short ones. One of Creel on the coe we oe ever had the onor Of about, was giving at a cosy lit- ue home on William street on Saturday after- | noon last. The person: in whose honor it | was given on that day achieved her first birth- day—she’s a little St. Valentine herself, and in honor Of the event just an even score of young mothers with their babies, none of whom were more than three years old, indeed a ear- old chap seemed quite a giant, and an Der- son in the com) a veritable drum major, were invited to the “baby-drum.” A very sub- stantial lunch was served to the moi eventually rea the children in the natu course secrents: ‘he chief oe oe youngsters were pulling chairs other and carrying on a chorus ina high tone voice, that was quite as unmusical asa drum rettiest child or the — and everything passed in Of mothers and baby-drum will asthe kettle ot boon! ag ‘There was no discussion as to wi was the p) toot much to the children that it is likely the ite as well become drum.—Zimira Free Press. THE CZAREWITCHES OF RUSSIA. | The title of Czarewiten, or more properly Cesarewitch, was invented by Peter the Great, | who claimed Dime Nevels and Burglary. ‘Fhe effect of a debased literature upon youth- ful minds has seldom had a more impressive illustration than is furnished by the cases of the for himself an equality with the | two little boys, Myron Stevens and John Davies, Cesar of the West, the holy Roman Emperor. But the leaps =e tothe Russian throne, dating back to the earliest ages in the history Cee Empire, 1s now referred to as the Czare- Wi As far back as the fifteenth century there are instances wherein the Czar and Czarewitch have had serious differences, which in some cases resuited not only in the Czarewitch being put under lock and key, but in his being put out Of the way altogether. In the old days of the Czars of Moscow the despot on the throne led his presumptive heir with much fhe same degree of jealousy as does the of Burmah at this day the whole group of his blood relations. who have just been sent to the house of refuge by Judge Woolsey. Another lad, Alva Davies, who was concerned in the same crime, has been committed to walt the action of the grand Jury, 1 Tesponi ty attach ‘to his superior age— he being thirteen and his companions. tea— supplying a reason for the different line of treatment. The burglary committed by these children Was at what is known as the Sands residence at ee on ind tae aoe ee ot lollars’ worth of property and destroyed a great deal more. The scene in the Sands house after the robbery is said by one reporter to have o description.” curtains were and It seems now, as it has always seemed, to be ; Costly silk dresses were daubed with “canned necessary for the Czar and his heir to be antag- onistic in their opinions. If the Czar was con- servative his son was sure to bea reformer; if he had —o ideas the Czarewitch was im- ressed they were wrong. Prvan the ‘Terrible, who reigned from 1538 to 1584, accused his son of forming a conspiracy to | dethrone and in his anger struck the blow for which he afterward invoked heaven and earth and promised treasures and titles to any one who would conjure back the life of his gon. Peter the Great and his son Alexis enter- tained different opinions in td to the re- forms introduced by the father. The Czar loved what he called “pi ” and “European fash- ions,” while Alexis hated bot on more than one occasion intimated {n public that when he came to _the throne he would do away with all Western fashions. The result was that Peter excluded his son from the succession. Alexis ap ared satistied with the decision, and dec! is intention of spending the remainder of his days in a monas- In 1717 he escay to Vienna, and thence to Naples, but was induced to return to Rus: where by the ukase of February 2, 1718, he wa disinherited. Later he was formally accused of conspiring against his father’s fe and thron>, and on the confessions of his mistress, his pot campanions and his confessor, all upon the Tack. he was condemned to death. According to one version the agitation caused by the trial so seriously affected his health that he scon after died in fits, June, 171s. There were rumors current at the time that his death was not a natural one, and the Czar to avoid Scandal ordered the trial to be published. Another version or the death of Alexis that given by Peter Henry Bruce, an English who, after speaking of the imprisonment an its, wine and filth.” Carpets were cut into bons and furniture hacked to pieces. Every- thing the lads could mutilate or destroy was unspared. It ap) from their own confes- | Sion that they got “gloriously drunk” on wines,| jefound in the cellar. When arraigned in court their demeanor was cpa and defiant.” They seemed, indeed, to glory in their shameful achievement. One ‘precious young variet, Myron Steveas, who is but ten years old, ex- claimed, ‘+1 don’t care a — what you do with me. The only thing I'm sorry for is I didn’t burn the — ranch down, and half the village along with it.” ‘The Sands house was not the only one these boys ipa ed. Several other residences were visited and robbed by them, although none sut- fered so much at their hands as the Sands house. It was their practice, after securing their booty, to drink themselves into intoxica- tion. They would then, in pure wantonness, deface and befoul everything about them. The Stevens boy was asked why they maliciously ruined so much property. ‘*—— it, I don’t know,” was his reply: “but it was bully fun, I can tell you.” It is supposed that the depreda- tions of the youthful outlaws have not been confined to Miiton-on-the-Hudson. Other places, used as summer resorts by families and close in winter, are believed to have suffered at their hands, and, while refusing to acknowledge this, one of the boys could not refrain from the ay that there would be “high jinks” next une. * It was made pinta on the trial before Judge Woolsey that the perversion of these callow young minds was the work in a great degree of what are called “dime novels.” ‘The boys said they wanted above all things to be highwaymen This was the prime object of their ambition. But until they attained more effective strength trial of the Czarewitch, by his father, says: “On the next day His Majesty, attended by all the Senators and Bishops, with several others of high rank, went tothe fort and entered the apartments where the Czarewitch was kept risoner. Some little time thereafter Marshal yeyde came out, and ordered me to go to Mr. Bear's, the gist, whose shop was hard by, and tell him to make the potion strong which he had bespoke, as the prince was then very ill, When I dellvered this message to Mr. Bear and stature they judged that fea to the road Would be inexpedient. The next thing to highway robbery they conceived to be burglary. and to this they betook themselves with infinite zest and diligence. What has excited most re- mark in the wretched affair is that the youngest of the lads seems also to be the most hardened and unconcerned. ‘*We won’t be there long,” he declared, speaking of the House of Refuge; and Jack Shep ard was never more confident of he turned quite pale, and fell a shaking and trembling, and appeared in the utmost contu- ston, which surprised me so much that I asked him’ what was the matter with him, but he was unable to return me any answer. In the mean- time the marshal himself came in, much in the same condition with the druggist, saying he ought to have been more expeditious, as the prince was very ill of an apopletic fit. Upon this the druggist delivered him a silver cup, which the marshal himself,carried into the prince's apartments, staggerfbg all the way as e went like one drunk.” The wretched Czarewitch struggled out of one convulsion into another, until he expired in great agony at 5 o'clock in the afternoon, ‘The Czar then ordered his corpse to be laid in a fine coffin and a pall of rich gold tissure to be thrown over it. “Very few,” Says Bruce, “be- lieved he died a natural death, but it was dan- gerous for people to speak as they thought.” ‘Of the death of this young man, Motley, in his “Peter the Great,” says: “It was not believed by many people in Eu- rope at the time, and itis not belleved by the Comte de Ségur and the Marquis de Custine now, that the Prince died a natural death—it the cataleptic convulsive fit, consequent upon extreme and protracted mental agony which finally ended life, can be called a natural and not a violent death. All sorts of stories were told at the time, each more incredible than the other, and each disproving the other. The Czar was said to have knouted him to death with his own hands; to have poisoned him with a potion which he sent Marshal Weyde to an apothecary’s shop in broad daylight to procure; to have cut off his head, and then to have had it privately sewed on again by Madame Cramer; 1n short, to have le way with him by a vari- ety of means, all of which could not well have been true, and allot which are, under the cir- cumstances, extremely unlikely. To us itseems ridiculous to add a new horror to this terrible tragedy. We are not sure, either, that the sup- posed assassination makes thé matter any worse. ‘Murder most foul, as at the best it is,” we are unable to see that the private murder 1s a whit more atrocious than the public, solemn and judicial murder, of which the Czar stands accused and condemned to all eternity.” The Czar Paul and his son, Alexander I, did not agree. The same is the case with Nicholas and Alexander II, the present Emperor, who succeeded to the throne in 1855. Nicholas threatened to disinherit Alexander and leave the throne to his brother Constantine. The past tew years have shown that Alexander and his ‘son, in both public and private affairs as well asin political matters, are opposed to each other, and it is mo secret at the present time that their relations are not pleasant. ‘This lack of harmony between tather and son has been the occasion of numerous rumors, not a Tew of which are evidently without founda- tion. Notlongago it was reported that the Czarewitch was imprisoned in his palace by order of his father, but it is said the Czar lately has been ti ig to remove this impression by paying bis son public honors on occasions of great parades. Thepeir tothe throne is said to belong to what {s called the “old Russia” party,-which is bitterly opposed to the emanci- pation of serfs, and does not favor any measure Tor bettering the condition of the Russian peo- ple. In regard to foreign affairs, this party is ‘still more a ive. It believes that Russia will finally conquer and hold Constantinople, make further advances inte Asia and controt the commerce of the far East. ‘The Czar’s attachment to the Germans is probably another cause of disagreement with ths Czarewitch. Alexander’s mother was a German Princess, and he was educated under German professors, and spent some of his early life in Berlin. He has been on intimate terms with Emperor William, and this friendsktp has doubtless influenced the turn of European affairs in the last twenty years. On the other | hand, the Czarewitch is said to hate the Germans and to be lal to the French, and also to be in sympathy with a great number of the Rus- stans Who look upon the Germans as probible foes in the future. The Czar is studious and domestic in his tastes; he loves peace and tranquillity, and dis- likes anything pertaining to war, while his son is a soldier by instinct. The Czar is a culti- vated European; his son resembles the old type of Muscovite warriors. It is not surprising that the occupant and hetr of the Russtan throne should be at logger- pT as it has been the rule for centuries, and | Alexander, in giving the title of Czarewitch to his son, seemS to have also given him that heritage of opposition to the state which, in most cases, has been a characteristic of his pre- decessors. Predestination. {Little Rock (Ark.) Gazette.] An old-time Baptist preacher of this city, who has retired from active Gospel dealings, but who still keeps a firm eye on the faith, has the had a little experience with a colored’ man that causes him to think very seriously. Meet- ing the colored man the preacher said: “Dave, if you don’t bring that saddle home I'll have you put in jail.” * What saddle is yer ’turrenter?” “The one you stole from me.” “Parson, ‘fore de Lord, I neber stole yer sad- dle.” ot you did. Isaw you when you took it off of the yard fence. I believe Pll have you arrested anyway.” i “Look hheah, parson, you’se a Old Baptis’, yer?” “Yes, and I'll have you sent to the penitenti- “ Well, so is I, an’ now ketch de p’ints ez I in “em to yer. Dar is jes so many saddles in dis worl’ what Is ter be stole, an’ dars jes so many men what Is ter steal dese saddles. Dis is pre- despernation. Now it yer saddle happens ter be one ob de pede Saddles, an’ I pens ter be one ob de pi ‘men, kin I he’p it? Dar was Judus, for instance. He couldn’t he’p ‘tray- in’ de Saviour, case de Saviour said, ‘Judus, sop in dis dish an’ go an’ tray me.’ Hit wa’nt Judus fault, case he was one ob de predisposed, 80 *tended frum de foundation of der worl’.” “7 don’t want a. lous discussion, Dave. It isn’t the saddle now that I care so much about. It is that you told me a lie in saying that you didn’t steal it.” “Well, den, parsons, ’spose I takes back de lie an’ aps de seadicr™ “A le once told always stands. You have lied to me, et believe it is my duty to have you a! * jes a certain ameunt ob lies ter be tole in dis worl’, and ef I is one ob demen what is predisposed to tell one ob dese les hits not my an’ I kan’t bit.’ “You go on now and that saddle or swear Out a warrant for yOUr arrest.” getting out of mevgute than are these unhappy waits éf escaping the opportunity for reforma- nn. tion. The story of these boys will strengthen a per- suasion already general among observant think- ers that books of the kind which have been so mischievous to them are’of far too easy access to the young, as well as far too many. How to deal with the problem it is very difficult to de termine; but that it should be dealt with, and that in a manner more effectual than has hith- erto obtained, has been demonstrated very often of Jate, if seldom with so sharp an emphasis as in Or case at Milton-on-the-Hudson.—N. ¥. An Oklohoma Baitlad. (Kansas City Times. ] Where rolleth the Verdigris down to the sea, Where the Chickasaw roams on the flowery lea, Where the azure Wewoka sweeps on in its way From old Pottowatomie down to the bay; Where the flip@ap chirps cheerily out of the oar Ana the sad phillatoo sings of mother and home— With my Cherokee maiden ensconced on my knee, And my Kickapoo darling, I’m pining to be. Oh, ‘tis rain that the gewgaw disports in the hedge, And the pollywou lints in the slipperyeoiie se Or the proud eockadoodle. sweeps down from fice nest And soars on the blizzard that yawps in the west; ‘The dado may wail in the shimmer of moon, r e dull Semfole ear with his tine— It is still Tam pouring my passionate tide ‘To the love that I bear for my Kickspoo bride. I chase the fierce tittlebat out of his lair, I wove the shy gingersnap into anal 1 hunt the wild tattletale over the hill, And coax the coy cockleburr out of the rill, And tken the Arrapahoe virgin is glad, y Tishmi uty woes hiphop glee, And my Kickapoo darling reclines on my knee. Possible Age of Man. We have been so long accustomed to look upon man as a creature of yesterday that it almost takes our breath away even to be told that he probably preceded the Glacial Epoch, some 260,000 years But then to be asked to ¢ that’ the preglacial men themselves comparatively late and half-civilized specl- mens of humanity is perhaps too much for our 1k faith. Yet the Abbé Bourgeois has found ‘:¢ which may possibly help to bridge over the gap and to jéad us into embracing even this last akd most difficult clause in the modern scientific creed. In the calcaire de Beance, a French miocene stratum, the fearless Abbé has ventured to discover filut objects which he believes to be human or seml-human imple- menis. They consist of flakes, not chip) om by a blow like the palwolithic knit ut ap- parently split by means of fire. ens Of tLese presumed flint weapons were exhibited at the Anthropological Congress at Paris last year, and were allowed by many experts to look suspiciously like the handicraft of man. Even earber than the Abbé Bourgeois’ discovery, bones had been observed at St. Prest_ which ap- peared as though they had been cut with a sharp instrument—say a primeval stone hatche". But {f these observations are really correct, then we must push back the first Sppesrance ot man, or at least of a weapon-making animal, far into the past of the tertiary formations. The time which elapsed between the Miocene or Pll- ocene perlods and the days of the fiintchippers must be reckoned, in all probability, not by bundreds of thousands, but by millions of years. J cannot pretend that ‘these data are very cer- tain, but, at any rate, when we consider the many ‘ks of comparatively high cultivation exhibited by palieolithic man, they need not be regarded as pre sterous or extravagant. Just as we know little about the previous history of Ioan during the time which precedes ‘our gimpse of his existence in the lithic stage, so we know little about him in the long terval which separates that stage trom the ali but historical neolithic period. The Glacial E; och seems to have swept away almost the whole fauna, and a large part of the flora, of Northern Europe, and with it the black fellows who worked the filnts of Axmouth and of St. Ach- eul For about 150,000 years, roughly speaking, England and the oppodite continent seem to have been uninhabited by the human race. When next we find traces of nian’s occupation, in the neolithic burial-grounds, man had pro- gressed to a far higher grade of practical arts, and the face of the European fauna had entirely altered. The great river-horses, mammoti elks and reindeer were gone, and in their place roamtd the familiar denizens of our modern forests. The Mongolian or Euskarian inhabit- ants were men who used exquisitely polished hatchets of greenstone, whose material was brought by a regular commerce from the dis- tant Kuen-Lun mountains of Central Asia, ‘They knew how to make pottery; they dwelt in regular and well-built villages; they buried their dead in splendid tumuli, ‘They had fixed overnment = by chieftains for whom these tumuli were raised. They had reached at least one great religious idea, that of human immortality; for ide the corpses of their chieftains they placed the wea- ps and ornaments which they would need in he other world. Tney lived mainly or entirely upon their domesticated animals, the cow, sheep, fig and goat. ‘They trained the dog to assist them in their hunting expeditions. ‘They cultivated wheat and barley, which they crush- ed with corn breakers into rough m: They even tilled flax, and wove from it coarse linen cloth. Such regular government, settled com- munities, fixed ngs IP. religious belief, domes- tication of animals, and advanced show, of course, that immense strides in civilization had been made'between the two periods. The men who came back to Northern Europe in the neolithic epoch must have been developing and improving for ages elsewhere before they could have reached so high a type of culture. We do not yet know where the intermediate si were passed, and it may perhaps ba on it from the chip} flint no record of the Stage to the ed stone stage anyw! ex- ists, But when the rest of the world has been as thoroughly explored as Northwestern Europe, We may reasonably hope for some further light upon the intermediate steps—Zne Cornhill lagazine. A New Scriptural Interpretation. [An Anecdote by Judge Bruce, of Kentucky.] There were two men in One of these mé ti riptures Were of divine 01 and the other said they Were of human invention, and his oppo- = qn one oe the me leap hata continually E believed the story ot Jonah and hale, to which the other re- lied, “Yes.” “Do you also the Hebrews mh the flery fur- nace without the heat’ the DRAPERIES. Rugs, Turcemans and Cretonnes. “It I can’t have any other furniture,” a ‘woman of artistic tastes the other aay agtve me draperies. I can, at a pinch, sit on the floor, on the window seat, or on a box; Ican eat crackers out of a paper drink milk sie Geant acces See e Sharp outlines of windows and doers unsoftened by a single fold of acurtain. If I had my way I would paint my ceilings biue and fasten mats. under them and try to think that an tian sky was over me; but that would not. sistent with placing curtains at all the doors in Pompeian fashion, and draping ali the book- cases and brackets and ey conceivable thi to which a bit of woven stuff can_be attach = ‘80, upon the whole, perhaps I'm just as well off.” “ And you ought to be contented, at any rate,” said the visitor to whom she was talking; “sou must have put a small fortune into those new stamped plush window curtains. Own Ee: now, how much did they cost? Plain plush od enough for me, but you always want things unlike what one sees anywhere else.” “And where would be the use of ha things if other persons had them too?” de- manded the votary of drapery, opening wide her eyes. “However, my stam} plush cost just fifty cents a yard more than your plain Stuff, and that’s a mere trifle, as I told my hus- band when I told nim the price. He sald it added ten per cent to the Dill, but what dol care fcr per cents? The person who could look at, that pattern of curving stems and nodding flowers and think of per cents must be a Goth or a Hun. You know you can select any tint of plush Lyon please, and have it stamped either all overs e surface or Gant the es for there are designs appropriate for er purpose. Piush is twenty-four inches wide, and so seams are nec in making it up into curtains, but the pile 1s so long that they do not show, and it OOS as Well as the wide stuffs that make whole curtains with a single breadth.” “Where did you get your shades?” inquired the oes: “y nave punted enone dry- goods shop and every draper’s, without seein anythin, Fixe that tint.” iad . “And T,” sald the other, with gentle superiori- ty, “did not hunt at all, but simply had some curtains painted the color that I wanted. There's nothing like knowing how to buy tl » ‘Phen she points out the beauties of her new hall-door curtains, made from Turkish rugs, and expati- ating on’ the rich wine color of some stripes, and the deep, fadeless green of others, she be- comes contemptuous of anything occidental, and even of stam] plush; but there is much to besaid in favor of the stuffs that she despises. Turkish rugs are picturesque and sumptuous,’ but some Persons prefer plain colors to thelt many-hued surface, and to them the plain Tur- comans commend themselves, These are wide, heavy stuffs that look something like plush, but are far less lustrous; they are double-faced, like all the stuffs properly used for door ct end form soft heavy folds. Some of them are figured, but the most beautiful are plain. It would be hard to say what color is most in favor, for when everybody is striving to be original, very few tints are left untried, but coral is the newest hue employed, and it appears both in solid masses and in parts of figures. ‘The tapestries are even more elegant than they were last year, more golden threads bet woven into their texture and a greater variety of colors being seen in their patterns, The most beautiful of these goods have cross-bar patterns, but in some the ground is nearly covered by a running design. The ground of the stripes is antique blue, of olive or crimson, with here and there a creamy nearly coy- ered by figures. Coral is seen in many of these patterns, and is espect admired because it icoks so much like a faded red that it gives the goods an ancient air, which is extremely de- sirable. The fringes and cords which accom- pany the curtains usually repeat all the colors or the material, and when gold is used this also appears in the trimmings. Cross bands of color are still used by Boston upholsterers, not- withstanding Mr. Morris’ edict st them. America does assert her independence a little, now and then, in spite of Mr. James. Bedroom hangings show very little variations this season either in price or in pattern. ‘The former ranges from 50 cents to $1.25; the latter are either Japanese, English or French. The Japanese patterns represent the fan, the plaque and branches of conventionalized flowers com- bined in an infinite variety of ways and printed in bright colors on strongly contrasting ounds. The French style reproduces the apestry patterns of the time of Louis XVI, and uses light pinks and blues on grounds of’ soft Ses or blue, or pale gray and cream. English lesigns are in two shades Of coral, as well as in all the old colors, and cost less by 25 or 30 cents a yard than the French. Crape and re) ‘sur- faces are both used. In light c the antique laces and Swiss are still in favor, and also the silk and the cotton Madras, which have designs in faded pink and olive or blue and gold on a white ground. These cost from $20 to $50 a pair, and are much liked for rooms in which soft colors prevail, Allof these does the ad- mirer of draperies covet, and concerning them she will discourse Ae the hour to whoever will Usten to her, and each new fold in her curtains will give her a new excuse.—Boston Transcript, “IT WAS THE CAT.” ‘When aroused from meditation By some noisy disturbation *Yis one’s natural inclination To exc aim: ‘*Oh, what was that?” At first you’re all confusion, ‘Then you think it a delusion, Then you come to the conclusion Phat it muet have been the cat. ‘When a father overh¢ Stecowel in terms nara: De *Twixt a young man, pearing, And his daughter, thinks Itpat ‘To demand an explanation Of that sound like osculation, She replies, with hesitation, ‘That it must have been the cat. When at midnight, sounds appalling ~* Like the noiso of some one falling And a voice i ne 3 call 5 8 your heart go pit-a-pat, You're sure it's bursiars brea In your door, and you lie quaking Ey and sh: And shive fe When it (Boston Post. Helpless Luxury at the National i Capital. ‘The Washington correspondent of the Albany Journal writes:—“The daintiness of the shel- tered lives of beautiful women reveals itself in every sumptuous detail. The nonchalant air with which my lady stands to be disrobed by the maid who has come with her in the cal reveals a life of rae luxury. Others,a trifle less dependent, submit themselves to the deft fingers of any of the three or four colored tiring women provided by the household where the giv At the delightful soiree and lance given last week by Representative and Mrs. Newberry,of Detroit,who live in the stately old mansion on Lafayette square, known as the Marcy place, Mrs. Newberry’s French maid was a joy and a comfort to the lady guess. Such modest, skilled fingers never before took hold of refractory laces for me and gave to every fold a touch of bright perfection. At a recent party I attended a lady was assisted up to one of the dressing rooms during the evening in a nearly fainting condition, and as her form, no longer young nor fair, was laid upon the of state, Isaw such dainty marvels of white slippers and delicately tinted silken stockings and valenciennes bordered skirts of finest cambric, that she might have been a bride decked for the altar, or an infant for {ts christening. How retined and extravagant we have grown since the day of our New England mothers, who were staid and matronly in Siater of irreproaghable white- the cat ness, but of Quaker-like plainness of hem. I looked around upon a little group of fair ones standing near, with equal elegance of finish, to catch the driftvot their conversatio: rchance it might match their toilettes in tines, and they were telling each other engagedly how many bad colds they had respectively had with. in the past six months! That's the weak point with too many of the society ladies one meets— their talk is hopelessly commonplace. The ex- pensively mounted casket contains an inferior gem, or only a bit of tawdry colored glass. When an exception looms up over the dead and arid ere ot “good society,’ how one hails it with de- Advice to Beokish People. We may end witha few words of practical advice to persons about to have books bound. First, they must unceasingly protest against -knife” with the use of the mangling ibe. which the careless binder cuts the margins of books to the quick. It 1s better, on the whole to have books bound with rough edges (thous these attract dust) than to have margins tively robs a book of al pecuniary vatue, Again, ively robs a of all pecuniary value. do not send a new book to the binder. ‘The sheets are still damp and eed off on their op- yosite neighbors. Avoid vellum; it dirties easily; it has no beauty, (except in so far as it reminds the observer of Dutch cl which OxcE upon atime the mule, without hav! received an invitation, attended @ convention animals that was called for the of methods of iment. about all this?” asked the anytl Exorbitant Lawyers’ Fees. ‘The New York nt of the Rochester Democrat writes=-"The motto of the legal por ty seems to be “the whole is none too much for me.” If they do not it the fault ~ not theirs. W! 0 instance dames B. Taylor case. This man left an estate worth at least a half million, making his wife sole heir. All of this grand pi ty has been devoured py the lawyers, and the widow is now left an object of charity. A witl not amount to much here if there be any object in breaking it. In the above-mentioned case the other heirs attempted to set. aside the will, and after five years of wearisome con- feet such a State of confusion isn es it required 8 ‘epectal Ace mare, During thi interval the estate remained unpro- ductive while the legal harples were devouring it with a steady maw. To illustrate the lavish manner in which fees were paid in this case, it May be mentioned that at the very beginuill the surrogate ordered $30,000 to the counsel, an $20,000 was soon added. ©. B. Mattison ob- Tained $15,000 commission on the sale of prop- erty to the amount of $100,000. The receiver Was allowed $10,000 for his fees, and twice as much more for bis disbursements. Frances Kernan had $5,000 for angulny the case before the court of peal, while ator Conkling was pald $, or preparing the case for a jury triaL The latter has never taken place and never will. Two other law fms each got $4,000. Henry L. Clinton was paid $20,000, which he no doubt called a low fee, as he now demands more than ten times that sum from William H. Vanderbilt. I have only given a portion of the charges in the case, but they afford asample of the manner in which the lawyers eat up an_ estate whenever the op- portunity is offered. The consequence is that Mrs. Taylor, who was so admired by her hus band that he usually called her “the queen,” is now living on the kindness of friends. It may be added that those relatives who began th: sbove mentioned costly fight have never had a dolar from the estate, all of which has thus Leen devoured in the above mentioned manner. “ANY Of you boys up to the wedding last nighi?” inquired Little English of halt a dozen bootblacks. ‘There was an awful give away up there-—worst lever saw.” when they got all to be married the preacher wanted to know who gave the bride away, and a feller with aswallow-tall coat spoke right up as brassy as could be, and said he did. es, gave her dead away, and the bridegroom never even hit him.”—Detroit Free Press. WALNUT TIMBER GETTING SCARCE.—!nfinter- views on business to-day hard woot lumber dealers say the supply of black walnut in Indi- ana has decreased to such an extent that it cau n0 Jonger ‘be handled profltably.—Indianapolis special. Thi jominy anc for Leonanito at principal landings roing and returning. STEAMERS FOR General Ag’t. FUNOH EDYE x, it Ay . 21 Roch Wiliam at Genera as. Cavern sft ttc. pumeeatl AD GEORGETOWN: Uline for' Boston. Providence, New England States. at Washington. For full information apply to J. H. = oF {al information api JH, JOHNBOR ath we Doo. WE Are NOLYDE © 00 phia. roara0 ORTH GERMAN LLOYD-srmucm Jane Berwsen New Your, Havan, LORDOR, ‘The steamers of this company will sail every Sat- urday from Bremen Pier, foot of 3a stro tes of passage: From New York to Havre, - lon, Sou! pton and Bremen, first second cabin, #60; steerane, $36; prepaid. certificates, 2 BFE frought OF passage. 8D! .G@. METZEROTT & OO., 025 Pa.'sv.. for Washington. specific course raseare from Queenstown to Mi the aes 1880 rue wewsrarens 1880 OF THE NATIONAL CAPITAL. THE EVENING STAR THE WEEKLYISTAR, WASHINGTON, D.C. ‘The EVENING STAR, (on Saturday's a double sheet or eight page paper of fifty-six columns, the size of the New York dailies), is everywhere recognized as the leading newspaper of Wash- ington. 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TRAINS LEAVE WASHINGTON. from Depot corner of Sixth and B streets, as follows: Pittaburg and the Wost 10:40 a.m: daily, with Par- to Cincinnati, St. Louls and 1% Pittaburg: nat Be a ‘Chicago: i 7:40 p.m. daily, with TON RAILROAD. 7 11 a.m, 4:20, 6: eee ees For Richmond and the South, 7:00 s.m. daily, and Ta daily, except ak tor 10 Sa Binday'st 8'and onan, and alice Ket Blesping and corner of sn ; northeast hocking of beggars 30 hotels and residences. waalia THOMBON, General Managers “nov® (Pars 1s THE BURGLAWS SEASON WATIONAL SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY,