Evening Star Newspaper, February 15, 1865, Page 1

WASHINGTON EVENING STAR. PUBBISHED DAILY, (EXOEPT SUNDAY,) AT THE STAR BUILDINGS, Southwest corner of Pennsylvania av. and 1h street, Br W. D. WALLACH. AbRME SS STIR The fran is served by the carrier* to their sub- scribers in the City aod D ct for TWELVE AND A HALF CENTS PER WBBE, PRICE FOR MAILING — Sing! copy, three cents; ese one Afy comts ba, three dollars; one year. siz dollars. No papsrs are sent from the office jonger tean paid for. Tue WERKLY SraRk one Zollar anda half a year. BANKERS. 7.30 A2RNA™ 7.30 Mr. JAY COOKE, of onr firm, having resumed the G-neral Agency for Geverament Loans, we are prepared to furnish promptly te agents and purchasers U.8 7-30 TREASURY NOTES. These notes are issued. underdate of August 15, 3864. in denomonations of + £50, $100, $500. $1,000 and $5,000, They bearing interest at 7310 per cont. per an- num, and bave coupons attached, payable in law- ful money, on February ISth and August 15th of each year, The principal will be paid in lawful money on August isth, 1667; or, at the option of the bolder, the notes may then be exchanged, at var, for U. 8. FIVE TWENTY BONDS, redeemable at tbe pleasure of the Government at any time after five years, and payable twenty years from August Ist, 1967, with interest at SIX PER CENT IN OOIN. payable semi annually, These bonds are at pres ent worth in the market about NINE PER CENT premivm, from which deduct the preminm upon the aserued gold interest, and there is lefta net premium vpen the bonds of SIX PER CENT., with a prospect of a much greater value at the date of the maturity of the Seven-Thirty Notes, We receive in payment for subscriptions the sey- eral istues of 53 FIVE PER CENT. TREASURY NOTES, allowing accrued interest thereon, We also tak Certificates of Indebtedness and Goverement Bonds of s)] issues at their current valae. Fu)! information furnished upon «pplication in person or by mail. UrTION TO BUYERS Be 7-30 NO’ In order te prevent the mutilation of these notes, the Secretary of the Treasury has given notice that the notes are not negotiable unless all the un- matured coupons are attached. JAY COOKE & 09. Ban! aND HOLDERS OF TES. feb4atf New 7.30 Loan. ‘We desire to aid the Government Agentin bring- ing to the notice of the people this new Loan, which is peculiarly adapted te temporary invest- ment, the notes being more of the mature of eur- rency than long bonds, and therefore mere readily eenvertibie into mone The Notes will be issued in denominations of £50, $160, $500, $1,000 and $5,000, will run three yesrs from August 15, 1864, will bear 7 3 10 PER CENT. INTEREST in currency (or ene cent per day on $/0), payable half-yearly, and at matu- rity will be redeemed in currency;or, if the holder prefer, will be converted into 5-2) bonds, bearing six per cent. interest in gold. We are authorized to receive fire per cent. legal tenders in payment of subscriptions, allowing ac- erned interest to date of receipt. job 3 tf _LEWIS JOHNSON & CO. ITY SAVINGS BANK. Wenner orroRaTED Mason Ora, 1864, EDWARD SIMMS, President and Treasurer. BDW’D CLARK, Vice President and Becretary. DIREOTORS. WM. P. DOLE J, J. COOMBS. 4 THGs. J, GAEDNEB. Jon &. Bivins, en : ‘This Bank is now Open for the receipt of De- posits, atthe See ean aio cenee Dalla isi v., under Simm’s a: ing 56 Louisiana oT WARD OLARK, Becretary, EDWARD CLARK & 60., BANKERS, the Savings Bank, No. $8 Louisiana avenue, DEALERS IN EXCHANGE, GOLD AND SILVER, And General Banking Business, Epwarap CLass. Joum BR. EB.yans. éecl7-eolm Ne, RS A ES PERSONAL. N RS. BROOKFIELD, of Kansas. can be con- sulted on toe Past, Present and Future events. at her room, ou K street, one door east of 34 si. She bas studied under eneof the most cele- brated Astr.logera of the age. She guarante ratisfaction to all those who may give her 4 call. fi Price one —— be seen from § a. m. baa ey Hee “VICTIMS OF MISPLACED CONFI- dence” should see DR DARBY, 492 7th be relieved of their difficulties, scientific treatinent guaranteed, ADAME FLEMING, FROM EUROPE, 1143 taken reoms at thecorner of I and 4th street; Ry ean be contulted from 9 a m_ until 9p on the t. and fature Price $1. Guarantees on, jan Z-Im* m N BS. H. F. WRIGHT, CLAIRVOYANT AND Natural Magneiic Physician, heals by *' lag- ipgon bands,” wi aout drugs, every phase of Ner- vous Disease, B ness, Deafness. Rneumatism, Paralysis, Kpinal Curvature, Dyspepsia. Liver Complaint, Female Weaknesses, &c.,&c. Rooms, No. 341 ¥ st. war Patent Office, |‘ jan 16-Im* &. LEON, 20 Penn ey D* ‘Gite’ between 45 and 6th streets, Offers a certain and « oad s eure, of GONORRHBA. GLEET.BU BO. SYPHILIS, STRIOTURS, SBMI- L_ WEAKNESS. INFLAMED BLADDER, SUPPRESSION OF THE MENSES, E LUNGS. LIVER, KIDNEYS, fa ORB EYES, SORE THROAT, c,.&e. Havinghad many years experience in the prac- tice of those diseases the doctor bids defianes to all competition in their treatment and cure, Recent cases of veneres! diseases cure in one or twodays. Ladies and gentleman can consult him office from 3to 4o’clock datly. de? 3m* . BALDWIN. M D. W. ® PAGHYSICIAN AND SURGEON, dec 9-tf 445 lith street. between G and He "PE BES! EVIOENCE THAT PRINCE. 351 , 1 STAMPER in todo over work P atreet, ie th the District, is tha’ that is botched at « He bas the larwest terat ever offered here, Making hin own Patterng, he !8 able and willing to stamp any pattera bropens him. nov2s-tf ADAMS EXPREES COMPANY, | Opica 514 Pa, Avenue, Washington, D.C, GREAT EASTERN. NORTHERN. AND WEST- EEN EXPRESS FORWARDERS, has MERCHANDISB, MONEY, JEWELRY, VALU- . APES, NOTES, 8TOGKS. BONDS. &c., Forwarded with SAFBTY AND DISPATCH to all i seible sccueus Fy ee conntry: are Soseeny as agencies int! ‘rincipal Railway Townsinthe NORTH, EAST, WEST AND NORTHWEST. Its principal offices are WASHINGTON. ». C., NEW YORK, BOSTON, eon VILLE, LEXINGTON, =F Oonnections are mads at New York and Boston with lives forwarding to the CANADAS ana the BRIPISH PROVING to LIVERPOOL, SUCTHAMPTON and HAVE and thence by Kurc pean expresses to all s commercial towne im @reat Britain and the Gonti- Bent. t f NOTES, DRAFTS and BILLS made alacsamitie rt: of the United States. $e23_ © OC. DUNN, Agent, Washington, D.O. Ud Nahe AMERICAN HOYLE, by “ Tromps.’, Hoyle’sGames. Whist with rules for playing and Book of Whist. Whist Player’s arion’s Hand Brok of Whist. Lonton, zammon aod Dravghts. Hand Book tiog, London. Cheas and Draughta, by Cap- London. Whist, Loo and Cribbage, wiley, London. Bridgewater Trea- the Came Ww Lontoa. Caven: ‘a Laws and Practica of Whist. Calebs on Whist, London, Bo: bre aad its Laws, by « Profersor. Mardon on Billiards, London, Reid. febs Croquet, by Usptaia Mayne FRANOK TAYLOR. o1 von CeLisontay BOLE A CHBAP PASSAGE! $300 28, $125 ey, Get bet oth an q . ton of St! Patrick's oe DA ie ja9-Im | ee THE BAN; a tale of the nimeteenth Bs Atmy Surgeon’s Manual: by Wins: Grace. W tminater view for Octaber. ‘1 ene Dan Beersheba; by Rev. J.P, Newman nov 19 FRANCK TAYLOR: N@ PROMPTLY rand Tow Capua BRED, OSM “ox, Gurtip™ and “Belle OBS 2. Davrpson, 3 aod other steamship lines | p: Eben Ve, XXV. AMUSEMENTS. CANTERBURY HALL, 38) CANTERBURY HALL( MUSIO we io Sen TeReE RE Bape ALL THEATER CANTERBURY HALL LovistaNa AVENUE, N#AR SIXTH STREET, Rear of National and Metropolitan Hotels, GEORGE LEA —..-.___-.... ___.-..-Proprietat Also of the Varieties, New York, and Canterbury Alexandria, V AND THEATER JOBH HART~--. —........- Go To-night and see the NEW COMPANY. NEW COMPANY, ee First appearance in Warhington of the DELAVANTE BROTHBRS, DELAVANTE BROTHERS, The most versatile and ppoorenlinned sxtisiee in the profestion, Their model illustrations of the TLEY BROTHERS. MCPEATSON THE HORIZONTAL BAR, . the POBES CONROME AND THE TRAP Are elegant specimens of art and muscular energy. First appearance of iS BALLIE SUNDERLAND, Miss SALLIE SUNDERLAND, The favorite vocalist. Beappenranee of MISS MAT DE STANLEY, MISS MAU DE STANLEY, The greatest operatic singer of the day. JOHNNY JOH MACK and LITTLE MAOK, NNY M A MAOK and LITTLE MACK, in their original CLASSICO GRECIAN STATUARY, CLASr1C GRECIAN STATUARY, Being one of the mont laughable and comic fea- tures of their repertoirs, THOMPSON AND KERNS, TEOMPSON AND KSRNB, The greatest double song and dance men in the professicn- First time of a new burlesque, entitled OTHELLO, OTHELLO, Characters by the two Macks and the entire company. Last week of THE BRIGAND’S OATH, T BRIGAND’S OATH, Laura Le Clsire sh Mari The Brigand Bo The Bsigand Ch: erie week of the laughable and comical absurdity efthe BURLESQUE OIROUS. BURLESQUE OIROUB. E POPULAR STOCK COMPANY, THE POPULAR STOCK COMPANY JOSH HART, CHABLES COVELLI, SYLVAS CLARKE, WALTER WE TWORTH. DICK COLLINS, W. FELSMAN, LAUBA LE CLAIRE, JULIA | OBINSON, LiZZ18 WESNER, MAGGIE VERNON, MARY BLAKE, GARDNER SISTERS, and A FULL CORPS DE BALLET, A FULL OORPS DE BALLET, Under the direction of MONS, SZOLLOBY, The laughable negro acta, CATCHING A TUBTLE, CHICKENS, OTHELLO, WINDY BOYS,4¢, The whele even'ng’s entertainment combining & programme of FORTY DISTI FORTY DigiI NCT ACTS! N CT ACTs: MATINBE, SATURDAY, COMMENCING AT 3, MATINEE, SATURDAY, COMMENCING AT 3, CARD. IRELY NEW AND ORIGINAL ENTER- ae TAINMENT. ae With much pleasure the management is now at liberty to anmounce the engagement of M’LLE MARLE BOUVILLE, MLLE MARIE BOUVILLS, The dashing Parisian equestrienne, from the is. Bhe will ap ar for Cirque de VEmpereur, Paris. imited number of nights only, the following ces being produced consecutively, viz : JACK SHEPPARD ON PORSERBACK, JACK SHEPPARU ON HORSEBACK, MAZEPPA. MAZEPPA, CAPTAIN IN HAWK, ORL: N THE ROAD, CAPTAIN HAW Live 6: » OR LivE ON THE ROAD, TORPIN'S RIDE TO YORK, TUBPIN'S RIDE TO YORK. y VA, OR PEEPING Fr - LADY GODI : G TOM, OF COV y GODIVA OB PEEPING TOM. oO: y- LADY GOBI ENTRY. F CO And the grand spectacle ef the KNIGHTS OF THE en O¥ THE OLOTH OF ? + 83 - 25. s Apply at the Liverpool and Cork SSmOBN AN Boe. KNIGHTS OF THE FIBLD OF THE OLOTH OF In sl! of these pieces M’LLE MARIE will intro- duce her justly celebrated and highly trained stal- lion. ALI KASSAN. of full blood, and sired by the world-renowned ABDALLAH. The Management alro wishes to inform the public that extensive al- terationsare being made ty the building, which, when completed, will so facilitate the production Siac of these pieces as to place this estab-- en! BEYOND THE REACH OF COMPBTITION, WASHINGTON + OFFICIAL, The First Cerps—Notice te Veterans. HzapevaRTers FixeT Corrs, Wasuineton, D. C., Dec. 27, 1961. Veterans desiring to enlist in the Ist Army Corps, should report m person at the office of Col. OC. F. Johnson, Soldiers’ Rest, Baltimore and Ohio Ralircad Depot, Washington, D C. Any Veteran who has served two years, has been honorably diseharged, and is physically qualified, may enlistin the Corps for one, two or three years. Those enlisting will receive from the Gov- ernment a bounty of $300 as soon as they are mustered in, and, in addition, the regular in- stalments from the Government, in proportion to the period of enlistment, as follows: $100 for one year’s service, one-third paid on enlist- ment; $200 for two years’ service, one-third on enlistment; $300 for three years’ service, one- third on enlistment They will be credited to the qnost of the district in which they or their families may be com cied oa will, theretore, be entitled to al bounties. Free transportation will be furnished them to Washington by a0y Provost Marshal. The best sx:98 in the possession of the Government will be furnished these troops, ana they will be allowed to retain their arms when honorably discharged. Headquarters Major General Hancock :—153 F street, between 19th and 20th streets. Office of the Board for the Examination of Officers + presiaent, streets. Brigadier General Jonn R. Brooke, ‘3 G street, between 19th and 20th By order of Major General Hancock. FINLEY ANDERSON, Assistant Adjutant General. dec 27-tf AMUSEMENTS. WASHINGTON THEATER, Eleventh street and Pennsylvania ayenue, Third night of the GRAND REOPENING, Under the management of J. W. Wallack and E. L. Davenport, WEDNESDAY EVENING, February 15, 1835, eujee and ponarele the Last Night of Tom Tay lor’s life like comedy, in three asts, entitled STILL WATERS RUN DEEP. Mr. F. Piaside as... Brother Potter Mies Rose Bytinge as. Mra. Bterobold Mixs Bianch Grey as irs. Miidmay Mr J. W. Wallack as Mr, Mildmay Mr, E. L. Davenport as -Captain Hawksley In preparation, and shortly te be prodneed, Bourcicault’s mew and most successful London comedy of omen’! DoW BHE LOVES HIM. Beats can be secured thres deys in ad vance, feb 15 A. 8. PENNOYER, Treasurer GROVEH’S FHEATER. Pennsslvania Avenue, near Willard’s Hotel, p aus CW edn en ay) EVENING, Feb. 15, econd appearance of the grea‘ nal i ¥ eee wis, Tr and Mra y LLIA TAREE SPLENDID PIECES. The Performance will commence with Mr, Wil- ligams’ great Irieb Comedy a: Pada RN TO GOOD UCR: E will Only Bigee of Mrs, Barney Williams’ chacaing protean Comedietta, IN AND OUT OF PLACE, Mrs. Barney Williams in seven different charact The performance will conclude with the «cre; ing Irish Farce of THE IRISH TIGER. Paddy Ryan... ese ceee sees + soe ees Mt B Williams FORD'S NEW THEATER. TENTH STREBT, above Pennsylvania Avenue, The Eminent American Comedian, MB. J. 8. CLARKE, whore inimitable representations nightl the Theater with the beauty and fastion cr ike city, will appear THIS (Wednesday) EVENING, for the first time, in Dion Bourcicault’s great dra- matic picture, call THE STREETS OF NEW YORK, which will be reproduced with New Scenery and Appointments, Tom Badger. ...-........... “ MrJ8 Clarke aud & Powe’ of Characters. Death in the Banting House, Life in the Streets New York by Gas Light, Fashion and Famine: z aires Life in the Garrets, ‘Veryday enes. The Fire, The Bridal, METROPOLITAN HALL. Pennrylvania avenue, between 1th and l2th Bts. Mn. B. HENZR—--.....—..,.-_. .-. Proprietor Mr, Henze having opened this Hall asa FREE CONCERT SALOON, would be happy ts see his old friends and patrons, he having er gaged some of the best and Anest ar- tistes in the profession. MILLIE JOBEPHINE, MiSs ARLEAN, MISS KIfTI® LEE: BILLIE DIMOND, MILLIE MIGNONETTE, H. W. WILLIAMS. ON TUESDAY EVENING, THE THIRD UNITED STATES MILITANY BAND Will pleyanomber of choice pieces daring the evening, Admission free. The Bar is stocke’ with the Ohoicest Liquors in the market. fe 15-1w ODD FELLOWS’ HALL, ONE WEEK MORE ONLY! Of the great Magician and Ventriloguist, SIGNOR BLITZ, ; Ov MONDAY, February 13, and EVERY EVENING DURING THE WEEK, 4 Day Exhibitions on TUESDAY, THURS DAY and SATURDAY AFTERNOUNS. comecce, ing a’ So’cloes. : Programme varied pightly. Admission 30 cents? Obildren .5 cents, Reserved biidren to reserved seats, 25 cent... Tj, commence }; toSevelk, fa 13 GRAND VOUAL CONCERT, For the Benefit of Sr. DOMINICK’S CHURCH, ar ODD FELLOWS’ HALL, Seventh Stre On FRIDAY EVENING, A well selected and arranged programme of p ular and favorite airs will be rendered by some of the first artistes of this city. Tickets of admission, $1; to be had at Metzerott’s Music Store, and at the door on the evening of the Cencert. a Doors open at7 o'clock; Concert to commence at 8o’clock, precirely. i iy TheGrand Piano used on this occasion is from te Music Store of Mr, Metzerott. feb 13-e0t THE OXFORD HALL OF MUSIC arD PINACOTHECA, Ninth street, fronting om Pennsylvania avenne YP RESH ATTRACTION FRESH STARS! i k of the fn’ant Wonde: Firat Week of eT eNINO EDDIE, EL NINO EDDIE; The best Tight Rope Performer in the World. First week of the startling Drama of the ¥RRENOH SPY, FRENCH sPyY, French Spy isos. ss. deuersveen Migs Kate Pennoyer wv LLETS, tate id new. DANOES, act everything new this week. nee FOX. CURRAN & NORRIS, Prop’rs. LADIES MATINEE—SATURDAY AFTERNOON, In active preparation, and will shortly be pro- duced. the startling drama of Mazeppa; or, The Wild Horse of Tartary, for which piece eminent artiste have been engaged, and no expense wil! be spared to make this the greatest success of the sea- fon, b. 24, BVER TOO LATE TO LBARN.—Professor WOLOSKI cpens« New SINGING CLASS by his new and extraordinary method, on most liberal term#, All these ladies and gentlemen who wish to make fine singers, and join Professor’sOratorion, can enter their names at his residence, 353 Biati street, between H and I sts, gan 17-1m ATCHES, JEWELRY, &e. LARMOUR & Oo., Light street, Baltimore, 1n- vites the attention of purchasers to their choice stock of No. 1 WATCHES, DIAMOND JEWELRY, &eo., SILVER WARE. PLATED WARE, OPRRA GLASSES, SPECTACLES, TABLE CUTLERY Beceh len ieee. ‘elry repaired in the best and Jew: im the best man- er tyine dest workmen and warranted, ja asia ng D. C.. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1865. tar. N&. 3,732. EDITORIAL CURRESPONDENCE. —_—<» Maryland—The Bays, S: ds, Rivers and c the Easte: re—The Advan. ey afford te its Agriculta Fhe est and Means ef Fertilization in that Guarter—The Supply ef Farm La- bor ‘on The Shore’’ and its Prespects— its Crops and Merticuiturai and Agricul- tural Capabilities—Marsh, Sea Ore and Lime, as used there—CUorn Growing and the Peach Culture in that region, &c. On THE OHOPTANK, 2 Dorchester County, Ma., Feb. 6, 1265. § If the reader will scan any good map of the peninsula between the Chesapeake and Del- aware bays, he will perceive that it is inter- sected on the Chesapenke side with a far great- er number of secondary bays, sounds, rivers and creeks than any other shore on the north Atlantic coast. Not one in ten of these actual- ly existing is, however, laid down on any ger- eral map, all cf which exhibit only the largest and most noted; those known to gen- eral commerce only. The rest are generaily smaller in their proportions, but navigable and most important each to the locality in which itis situated, All these water courses are salt much higher up towards their sources than in regions where the surrounding lands are of greater elevation above the level of tide-water, as on the western shore of the Chesapeake. The wash of the soil into them is, on account of the low leyel of the surrounding country, so slight as to have made but eomparatively very few bars and other obstructions to their due navigation with yessels of considerable bur- den. With those carrying @ hundred tons, (the ordinary tonnage of the « Mastern Shore schooner,” so well knowr everywhere along the Atlantic coast, and so universally resorted to here for all purposes of transportation off the farm,) these secondary bays, rivers and ereeks of whichI am writing afford iaviga- tion from within reasonable distance of every farm or tract of land in the counties of Tal- bot, Dorchester, Somerset, and Worcester, Md., to Ba timore, Washington, Philadelphia or New York; direct, and without reshipment. As & matter of course the cost of getting the crop to market and bringing back fertilizers, building materials and supplies of all kinds is therefore not more than haif (in this region) what it is where the farmer relies to that end on his teams or on railroads. In the last two years I have brought trom Washington city some two thousand tons of stable manure tomy farm here (a distance of I>) miles by water), at an average cost of seventy-six orseventy-eight cents per ton for the water traasportation, al- lowing the vessels full rates of freight charged for back loads between that city and « The Shore.” The first cost of this manure and the expense of putting it on the schooner has been about seventy-two cents per ton; while the ex- pense of landing it from within a hundred yards of the fields oa which it has been spread, has not been more than ten cents perton. Sothe entire cost of this Washington city stable ma- nure (made almost wholly by grain feeding and not fire-ianged) actually spread upon my fields has not been, so far, more than a dollar and seventy-iive cents per ton, or, at most, two doliars, I mention these tacts simply by way of illustrating how cheaply one mav fertilize almost any of the tarming lands of ‘The Shore” at this time, 60 as atence to bring them intoa condition of lasting fertility equal to any in the known world. The combination of circumstances making this £0 eA@sy atso little cost, is the existence of tae remarkable facilities for transportation by water, the accumulation of hundreds of thon- sands, if not millions of tons of the best qual- ity or description of stable manure in the yast Government stables and cerrals in and around Washington city, and the large number of one- hundred-tons vessels engaged in transporting jumber, coal. army supplies, &c., &¢ , between Baltimore and Washington, and the Susque- hanna, and also the Chesapeake and Dela- ware canal and the latter city, all of which can get no back freights at Washington put thie manure, in which a considerable trade is atiength springing up. Were the war to ter- minate to-morrow, the facilities for getting this fertilizer to “The Shore” would hardly de. crease in five years; for the present supply would last at least that length of time, and schoonrrs sufficient will continue in the Bal- timore, Hayre De Grace and Washington trade, to make the competition among them for back freights enough to keep the cost ot the latter at low rates, Some of this manure goes to the Delaware and Hudson; costing the farmers on those rivers, however, from $3 to 84 per ton, celiyered; as very tew vessels, com- paratively, seek, in Washington, back freizhts for points so far north. Were the war to end to-day, it would be five cr six years, if not longer, before the immense market gardens which were in 1560 in opers tion around Norfolk, Va., Charleston, S.C, and Sayannah, Ga., could again send to the Northern cities the large quantities of early fruits and vegetables with which the fine lines of ocean steamers running from those points to New York were tormerly so heayily loaded throughout the season. My beliefis that the Eastern Shore will very soon fillthe vacuum created by the war's entire destruction of the important industry in the neighborhood of the three Southern cities, of which I write above. The business of farming has been as little disturbed on the Eastern Shore, up to this lime, by the war, if aot less disturbed by 11, than in the States of Massachusetts, Wiseonsin or Minnesota. in neither of the three last. named States was there @ surplus of labor: while here the surplus at the beginning of the ‘war was immense, when we take into consid- eration the small proportion of the arable land attempted to be cultivated and the usually thriftless manner in which that was essayed to be done, Dratting and volunteering haye made farm labor yery scarce thronghout the North, East and West. Here, though a num. ber of foolish, vicious, or ill-advised young men went off to the South in 1961, thongh there has been some drafting for the Union armies and mueh volunteering, the supply of farm Isbor continues abundant for «The Shore’s” current necessities, and for its prospective wants for some years to come, even though there may soon be a heavy immigration hither- ward of families each owning the compara. tively small farms on which they may settle, Fair wages, as before explained in this corres- pondence, is fast developing an amount of heretofore latent negro labor here—of women, boys and girls and previously lazy and idle negro men, who are to be seen busily engaged where farming operations are in progress. Large numbers of our farmers, who before the war never dreamed of ‘siriking @ lick” of farm work with their own hands, now that their negroes are free, have taken off their coats, and those of their sons and white dependents old enough to work, and are hard at it, as nat urally (if not as cheerfally) as though born and bred in communities where the pursuit of practical husbandry is held at its true value: to be the most dignified, respectable and praise- worthy calling in which the citizen can possi- bly engage. Much of this surplus labor is best fitted of all labor for the business of fruit and vegetable gardening. That is, the large pro- portion of comparatively young labor. The soil and climate of the Eastern Shore fits it for the production of such crops, as they can be produced nowhere else within my knowledge. Were I to venture on illustrative details in this particular connéction, I would be compelled 80 to extend the scope of these letters as to make them of interest to but few save horticul- turists, which is not my purpose. Snaiffice it to say, therefore, that I know no garden or frai crop produced anywhere in she United States, except a tew in Florida—an almost tropical State—that eannot be raised here in great abundance and with comparatively light labor: the latter the result of the facts tha the seasons are most propitious for all Ameri- can fruits and vegetables, the soil nearly always very loamy and wholly witrout Tocks and stones to obstruct cultivation, and the means of rapid, cheap and abundant fer- tilization lying at every farmer’s door. Of these means not previousiy writtea of, L may mention the “sea ore” (grass) and marsh mud resorted to very commoniy here. The first of these is usually composted im the barn yard or spread on the field and ploughed in by itself; the second being spread in the fall and scattered and turned in after being subjected to a winter’s frost, when Its action 1s helped by the addition of from fifty toa hundred bushels of oystershell lime, burned (with refuse wood,) by the farnier on hisown premises. This ap- plication of marsh and lime is admirable for wheat, corn and grass, being sufficient alone to double, if not to treble, the profit of those tm- portant crops the first season after its applica- tion on lands of “The Shore’ requiring fer- tilization for their due production. Nor does the effect of the lime and marsh application pass off here with the season in which it may be applied; for the land shows its effects as long as the application of lime and richer soil is effective any where else in this country. The “sea ere’—i e., bay, river and creek grasses—are only within the reach of those owning situations immediately bordering con- siderable water courses, which, however, are numerous beyond the conception of those who do not realize how completely the latter permeate in all directions the portion of Mary- land’s Eastern Shore, of which I am writing. With half a mile of front on the Choptank riyer, I saved perhaps two thousand eart loads of this grass last season, and butforlackof preparation to that end in early spring, I might easily have saved a third as much more. Green and fresh, it is valuable as hog food. Swine eat it with avidity, and compost it more speedily and in better form than that can be done by man. It contains always large quantities of minute molusca and other animaicule, which, when applied fresh to any crop, act upon it as advantageously as aheayy dressing of guano. For mulching purposes,I know noth- ing 80 convenient and certain and at the same time half as fructifying. Up to this time net one farmer in a theusand om the Eastern Shora takes occasion to get it unless cast by the winds and wayes absolutely upon his farm. Elsewhere itis gathered with scows wherever found in convenient waters, ere it reaches the shore, and sells for $2 per cord. Millions of cords of it within easy reach of the Eastern Shore farmers are carried off annually by receding tides and winds, which might be secured composted or otherwise applied at a tenth of that expense. For either corn, potatoes or cabbages, or mulching, my belief is it is worth ten times as much according to its actual cost here, as any other fertilizer within the farmer’s reach any where. Every farmer in the counties of Talbot, Dor- chester, Somerset and Worcester, situated on salt water, may feed his family on fine oysters if he pleases, at an average cost of not more than ten cents per bushel for gathering them, there being an abundance in all the surround ing bays, rivers and creeks, free to all who will take them outofthe water. Their great abundance everywhere has made the people neglectful of the duty of making plantations of them, by which they are always improved, as fine as their size and quality are in this region. They sell at mere nominal rates everywhere on “The Shore,” as no where hsvye they to be hauled or otherwise trans- ported for long distances to reach the Ggoor of any one. What I write of the ac. cessibility, abundance and cheapness of oysters here holds goed with reference to all the other natural products of the water courses, upon which a family may live at less cost through. ont the year, and live more luxuriously than ican conceive tt possible to live elsewhere, though I know well the abundance and acces- Northwest. i remarked in @ previons letter that we have but two leading descriptions of soil on the Eastern Shore: clay loam and sand soil, both with clay subsoil. The latter produces In- dian corn admirably, even though generally thrittlessly treated. Stimulated and assisted as where men are forced to make the most ot their agricultural opportunities, 1 doubt not che corn lands of “The Shore” wontd soon come to rival the reputation of these of South- ern Iiinois. But up to this time the inertness incident to slaye culture, and the absence of apparent necessity for systematic and enerzet- ic culture—I mean ip the matter of securing a mere living from the soil—have very generally prevented the development of their capability for the profitable production of this most im- portant of all American field crops, Peach culture is rapidly extending in this re- gion, all its soils having proved admirably adopted thereto, and the well known diseases of the crop baving nowhere as yet manifested themselves on ‘The Shore,” The lack of suffic- ient steamer transportation last season, which caused the loss of tens of thousands of bushels of fruitequal to any grown in the United States: proved a great damper on “The Shore’s” peach growers, and prevented a due increase of their orchards last fall. The yield was unexpected- ly large, and indeed the season was the first in which any considerable quantity ef this frnit had been produced here, as all “The Shore’s” peach orchards, (to speak of,) were but just coming into fair bearing condition. The steamer facilities will next season be greatly increased, and the peach growers of “The Shore ’ will be fairly supplied with other means of sawing their crops; for canning, distilling, &c, Sol perceive no reason to imagine that the check to the extension of peach culture on “The Shore” growirg eut of the heavy losses from failure to get the crop of 1361 to market: willproyemorethantemperary. Peach grow- ing in Tersey isalready a well nigh entirely used up business: while Dela ware’s late greatadapta- bility tor peach production is fast disappearing Within the last year large numbers of peach growers from both those States have bought in Carolive and other Maryland Eastern Shore counties bordering on or near the Peninsula (Delaware,) railroad, evidently with the design of avaiiing themselves of the great facilities tor the business which “The Shore,” every where offers; though in a single decade it will probably became &s universally peach sick, as every other regionin which the peach has so far been p!anted as a main market crop. The diseases that utterly destroy the peach tree of the times in what thirty years ago would have been considered its infancy, are now admitted by nearly all horticulturists to spring in the the main from propagation on stocks, the seed of which are from diseased and failing trees The remedy is as universally considered to be proper care in the selection of stock seed. As that will never be taken by nursery men gen- erally, (a8 it will increase the cost of the pro- duction of their marketable trees) until the peach grower comes ‘to raise his own stocks, and becomes content to plant far fewer trees than the present average, or to pay far higher sibility of game in the new sectiong of our great | ‘b8n current ruling prices to the nursery men for trees guaranteed to be long lived, I cannot perceive (bat peach growing can prove more than an ephemeral business here, as it has cer- tainly turned out in New Jersey, and is fast becoming in Delaware. w. DW. +--+ 88> — TELEGRAPHIC NEWS. FRUM THE SOUTH. —_ - BiCHMOND DATES TO MONDA Important from Char a within T the City—Only Ash- < rd te Demoustrations © var Points— Sh: Ei ement with Wheeler's Cay. le cRabrinmamnen Cutflanked—The Advance on Bradch ville and Orangeburg—Beth Places Capi ured—Columbia and Charle in Order. The Richmond Whig ofthe (3th contains the following : “CHartestor, S C., Fed. 10.—A force of the enemy, believed to be from two to three thon- sand strong, landed at Grimbali’s, James Istapd, at8 o'clock !his morning, and drove in our pickets; some skirmishing took places, but Do general engagement. Grimball’s is on the Stono river, about two miles southwest of Charleston, the Ashley river, two thousand ) 8Ids Wide intervening. The enemy are making Active demonstrations at various points, bat they are helieved to be feints “A force attacked onr troops on the Saike- hutchie this morning, but were easily repulsed, They also advanced upor the Wharieston road, but mede no impression on our lines. Intelli- gence trom the road to-day reports that the enemy crossed the Edisto at Rennaker’s Bridge, The enemy are moving on Edisto.” The latest frem the South — Sherman's Movements. “It will be remembered that on Friday, the ith instant, Sherman crocsed the Saiehatehie between Blackstone ard River's Bridge, there- by completely ontfianking our forces, and come pelling them to fall back to Branch ville. “ We have since learned that the Yankees forded the river, through water waist deep, at River's Bridge. A sharp engagement took place, which lasted several hours,in which General Wheeler’s cavalry inflicted severe in- jury upon the enemy. On the Sth a heavy column of his infantry struck the Sonth Caro- lina rallroend, at Grabamsville, about eighteen Miles west of Branchyille, while Kilpatrick, «ith a cavalry force occupied Blackville, on \ se same road, about nine miles @ little north- west of Grahamsyille. A portion of Sher- man’s column, it was rumored yesterday, moved forward, crossing the South Edisto and flanking Branchville on the west, and ad- vanced to Orangeburg, on the Columbia and Branchville road, sixteen miles north of the latter point. Orangeburg isa beautifal village of abouta thousand inhabitants, and has been a favorite retreat of refagees from Charleston. It was largely engaged in the manufacture of indigo before the war,” The Impending Draft. HARRISBURG, Feb. 13—Mr. Hall and the rest of the Senate commitiee have just re urned from Washington, where they conterred with the Secretary of Warand General Fry, who gave the folowing information to them. No promise was made that the draft will be post- poned, but it will not take p'ace on Wednes- day. i districts where recruiting is going on briskiv. The statements contained in (tover- nor Curtin’s jetter to Prisident Lincoln have been referred to Attorney General Speed, General Delafield, and Colonel Fester, who will make areport. The twenty-five per cent. of which New York was relieved is now re- garded as temporary, but if permanent, Penn- eyivania will recet the same favor. The Washington authoriites contend that Pennsyi- yvania’s quota is right a8 it stands, and that the New York quota is right without twenty-five percent. Immediate and rapid reeruiting alone can save us from the dratt. +0022 — IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO. Faure of Dr. Gwin’s Colenization Pre- ject—The Project a Secession Scheme. [From the New York Herald.} The following letter, froma very high source, was received by the last mail from the city of Mexico: City or Mgxico, Jan, 15, 1965.—Br. Gwin's colonization project has. it is generally under- stood, fallen through, it is said, chiefly be- cause he was inclined to make asectionai mat- ter of it, and urged it on the ground that he in- tended to introduce a colony of Oonfederates. But us large priyate emigration is going into Sonora from California, &c., the Goverament very ualurally thought it might lead to trouble to give an especial grant to a colony of Gon- federates. The Emperor Maximilian is de- termined to have nothing todo with so dan- gerous an element in his dominions. Abolition of Slavery. The Constitutional amendment of Congress abclishing and forever prohibiting slavery throughout the United States was ratified by the Legislatures of the States of Minnesota ana Kansas on the sth instant, making fifteen States that have already indorsed the measure, while bat one (Delaware) has rejected it. Tne following is a statement of the acticn of the various Legisiatures, arranged in chronological order: STATES WHICH HAVE RATIFIED. 1. INincis, Feb. 1. |.9. Maine, Feb. 7. 2. Rhode Island, Feb.2. ‘0. Missouri, Feb. 7. 3. Michigan, Feb 2. 11. Ohio, Feb. 8, 4 New York, Feb.3. |12. Minnesota, Feb. &. 5. Pennsyivania,Feb.3./13 Kansas, Feb. 8. . Maryland, Feb. 14. Virginia, Feb. 8. 7. Massachueetts, 15. Indiana, Feb. 10. 8. WestVirginia,Feb 3 | REJECTED, 1. Delaware, Feb. §. The following State Legislatures haye yet to vote upon the amendment: Name of State. Politics. Meeting of Legislature. Arkansas, Republica . Now in session. Connectic! Republican...May % 1885, Catifornia Repubiican...Now in session, Iowa... Republican... Jan. 7, 1866. Kentucky Democerat.....Now in session, Louisiana. . Repubiican... Now in session, NewHampshire Republican. ..Jnne7, 1805. New Jersey. .... Democrat. Now in session, Nevada. - Republican... Now in session. Oregon. Republican. ..Sept. 10, 1566. Tennessee -Republican...April 3, 1865. Vermont . Republican, .Oct. 12, 1985. Wisconsin Republican... Now in session, RECAPITULATION. Total number of Siates........ seen IG Necessary to ratify amendment, (three. fourths).... . AFFAIRS IN MIssIssIPPI.—A correspondont of the Philadelphia Press, writing from Past- port, Mississippi. under date of February 3d, says: “Last night a large number of transports ar- rived. The whole number here now is about twenty-five or thirty. The troops are already embarking, grain is being shipped and wagons and mules taken on board. verything indi- cates a general move of Thomas’s whole army. ltis supposed he is going down the Mississip- pi. This is the only way the army could pos- sibly make a move (we mean on boats,) for the roads are in the worst possible condition, The weather, for the past two weeks, has been yery disagreeable and untavorable for the army. First we had snow to the depth of two inches, then rain on that, storming for four days to- gether. At one time,and that when it was very cold weather, the troops haa nothing in the way of bread butcorn. This they boiled and parched, and had nothing else fora week. Their hard tack finally arrived, and they are now living very well. The health of thearmy is regarded as very good. The extreme rignt of the army is at this point; the left wing at or pear Florence. Hood,.at last accounts, was Moving south, His men were deserting by hundreds.” Tuose Frencu IRonN-CLApDs.—The Paris correspondent of the New York Herald has revived the story that the two formidable navalrams Spbynx and Cheops, built at Bor- deaux, France, some time ago, have been fitted out in the most complete manner for the rebels, with the heaviest class of guns and full crews, and under the new names of the Stonewall and the Rapidan, were to sail in the begin- ning of this month, from a little island off the coastof France, for New York. It was be- hheved they were of so staunch a character that they would experience no difficnlty in passing all the batteries in the harbor, and, going right up to the city, which it is reported to be designed by their commanders either to lay under heavy contribution or to destroy. This scheme is said to have been concocted and assisted in its prosecution under a secret treaty between the Emperor Napoleon and the Jeff. Davis Government. UNITED States SENATOR FROM MaRy- LAND.—A great excitement exists in political circles in Maryland in relation to the succes. sor of the late Senator Hicks in the Senate of the United States, and the names of many rominent gentlemen on the Eastern and Western Shore of the State are mentioned in connection therewith. Among the gentlemen who report assigns as candidates for the sue- cessiof are Governor Bradford, Lieutenant Governor Uox, Hon. Montgomery Biair. Hon. Francis Thomas, Hon. J. A. J. well, Hon, Henry Goldsborough, Hon. Thomas King Oar- roll, Hon. H. Winter Davis, Hon. E. Webster, Hon, S. Bozman Kerr. We donot pretend to say that the gentlemen named are all cvandi- Care but me Caks oe fact that their ends mention namesin connection the position— Balt. American, Lage SF The iee in Hadeon ri a bany is twenty-eight inches thick. Poe as :