Evening Star Newspaper, December 1, 1862, Page 1

THE EVENING STAR £6 sb PUBLISHED EVERY AFTERNOON, (SUNDAY EXCEPTED.) af THE STAR BCILDINGS, QosxeR PEEX's AVENUE AND LITK Sir BY . W. D. WALLACOIL. ———- SF cents a week. Sin, OWS CENT; in wrappers, TWO OBET ae ok tar. ¥ With a view tothe publication of its résults at home and‘in foreign countries—resnits which }| Cannot fail te-Le au-picious. - The condition of | most diligent consideration. | ditures incident to the military and naval {| erations required for the suppression of rebeRion, Dia) ane been eet bees romptitude, and certainty, unus: in simi hr Edcanistmedes and the ij four: maintained. PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE. _ Petlow-citizen» of ta Senair Representative Since your last annual assembling year of heath and bountiful harves:s T&<sed. And while it has not pleased the Al- mighty to bless us with a return of Pp ean but press on, guided gives us, trusting that in and wise way, a!! will yet be well. ‘respondence touching for-igna -taken piace during the last sabmitted,in virtual complieu nest to thateffect, made by Aiiyes uear the dos. uf the inet se=- sion of Congress. if the condition of our relatio is mations is les« gratifying than it been at former periods, it is cert ¥ actory than & nation so unhtppily We ate, might In the month @ finances will claim your The vart expen- Public credit has been The cautinuanceiofthe war, snd the increased disbursements necessary by the augmented forces now in the field, demand yeur best reflections ns to thegest modes of providing the necessary rav- | enue, without,injury to business, and with the least porsible burdens npon p Buspension of speci .| banks, coon after the commencement ‘of : last session, made } notes sie bienness nag payment troops, and sal | other just demands, be so economically, or i well provided for. The judicious legisiati ' of Congress, securing the reeeivability of these notes for loans and internal duties; aa al t-ndser for other @ebts, has made them universal currency; and has satisfied, riially, at least. and for the tirar, the long felt wantofan nuiferm circulttin: mediam, 8:\ing there! discounts and exchange. A return to specie tae bestlight He ‘is own goud time, ie payrsents by: the issues of United States, no other wa: i i i | ich nas proved only Iess injurious to thes selves than to our own country. But the t:m- porary reverses which atterwards befell the ational arms, und which were exaggerated by our own dirloye! citizens abroad, haye hitherto ed that act of simple justice. civil war, whi-h has so radically |. for the moment, the occupations and habits of the American p-opie, has necessarily ; disturbed ihe social condition, and affected | deeply the prosperity of the nations with aye carried on a commerce that has been steadily increasing thoughout a peried of It has, at the same time, ex- ambitions and apprehensions which have produced a profound agitation throughout the civilized world. In this un. usual agitation we have forborne from taking Partin any controversy between foreign xtates, and between parties or factions in such states. ‘We'have attempted no prop: xk no r-yolution, to the people, immense sums in | payments, however, at the cartiest period compxtible with due regard should ever be kept Fluctuations imtie vaine of currency urious. and to reduce these fluc- sible point will al- Q wisr legislation. toall nterest= con ays bea leading purpos ‘onvertibility, promt and certain conyertibliity into coin, is generally acknowledged to be the best and surest sefeguard against them is extremely doubtful whether a circulation of States notes, payable in sufficiently large forthe wunts of the peo: ean be permanently, usefully and safely main- half a cesatu cited political Is there, then, any other mode, in which the ision forthe public wants can ereatadvantages of a safe and ndism, and ac- at we haye left to ¢vely nation the exclrs:ve conduct and manazementd! its own affairs. fheen, of course, contemplated by fereicn natons with reference less to its own merits, than to its supposed, and often exazg frets snd consequences resulting to tho-e nz. tons themseiver. Nevertheless, contplaint on the part of this zovernment, even if it were just, would errtsiply be unwise, ‘The treaty with Great Britain for the sup- pression of the slave trade has been put into epcrsiion with a rood pF: I: is an oecasion to acknowledze thet the executi part of her Majesty’s government has been jealous respect for the authority tates, and the rights of their uniform currency . I know of none which promises so cert Tesults, and is at the same times +0 nol} able, as the orzfnization of banking a: tions, under a general act of Congress, well guarded in its provisious. To such associstions ntmight furnish circulating not s, 'y of United States bonds ¢eno-i- ted in the treasury. These notes, prepare. tin- the supervision of prop:r officers, being orm in appearance @nd sceurity, and con- ; into coin, would at once pro- tect lobor Against the evils ofa vicious iilate commerce by cheap and safe Our stragzle et of complete ‘pecial pleasure ion of it, on the A macderate reservation fiaqn the interest on the fonds would compensate the United States for the re aration and distribation of ‘the Botes, and @g neral supervis on of the -ystem. nthe burden of that ; marked witha of the United maura! and loyal citivens. The convention with Hanover for the aboli- ade dues has been carried into full effect, under the act of Congress for that pur- a bt einployed i Public credit, moreover, would be greatly | proved, and the negotiation of new loans gro | ly facilitated by the s dy market demand fo: ‘A blockade of three thousand Tailes of sea- udoption of the coast could not be estabtis! enforced, in a sef® hed, and vigorously ison of great commercial a:- lvity, like the present, without committin= oc- easionual mistakes, and inflicting unintentional upon forvign nations and theirsubjects. ivil;war occurring in a count: foreigners reside and carry on trade under trerty stipulations, is necessarily fruitfal of complaints of the violution of neu:ral rights. A! such collisions tend toexcite misapprehen- sions, and possibly to produce mutual recli- ations beiween nations which have a com- mon interest in preserving peace and triend- ship. In clear cases of these kinds I haye, so | as possible, heard and redressed com- plaints which have been presented b: Powers. There is still, however, a I0 iber of doubtful cases upon rnment is unable to agree with governments whose protection is demanded There are, moreover, mn; cases in-which the United States, or their citi- uffer wrongs from the authorities of foreign nations, which the zov-. tes are not at once pre- ave proposed to some of 1 states, thns interested, mutual con- to examine and adjust snch com- plaints. This proposition has cially to Great Eritain, to France, to Spain,and In each case it has been kindly re- ceived, but has not yet been formaliy adopted. Idceem it my duty to reeommend an appro- priation in tebaif of the owners of the Nor- ‘wegian bark Admiral P. Tordenskiol!, which vessel was, in Miy, itil, preveuted by the commander oi the bio -kading force off Charles- ton from leaving that port with cargo, not- withstanding a <jmilar privilege had, shorti. before, been cranted toan English vessel. Bave directed the Secretary of State to cause the papers in the case to be communicated to the prop: r committees. Applications have been made to me by many free Americans of African descent to favor their emigration, with a yiew to such coloniza- tion as was cont+mplated in recent acts of Con- gress. Other parties, at home and abroad— seme from interested motives, others upon pa- triotie considerations, and still others iniin- enced by philanthropic sentiments—have sug- gested similar measures; while, on the other hand, several of the Spanish- Ameri: lies have protested against the sending of such colonies to their respective territories. these circumstances, I have declined to move any such colony to any state, without first ob- taining “the consert ofits government, with em agreement on its teet such emigrants in «ll the rights of men; and I have, at the same time, offered to the several states situated within the tropics, or having colonies there, to negotiate with them subject to the advice and consentof the Senate, to favor the voluntary emigration of persons of that class to their res; conditions which sha!! mane. Liberia and Hayti are, as yet, the only countries to which colonists of from here, could go with ce propos d system would cr i { additional ree ure, Of considerabie it would reconcile, imendation of tig veight in my judg- ne fur as possi- “ste, by the opportunity titntions to reorzanize tituting only the secured under the act, » Uniform national vircu!ation for the local and yorious circulation, secured and unsecured, now issu: d by them. The receipts ir.to the Treasury from all sour- ces, including lo:ns, ar pree: ding year, for the the 3¢th Tune, which eum #49.(56, alance from year ending on 7.62 were derived from public lands & 3 sources, $£31,797.64; from loans in all forms. ‘The semuinder, Was the balance-from In-t year. The disbursements during the same period 1onal, | Xeentive, and fudicial for foreign intere luneous expenses, post office defleien- which the gove 3/29, 692,460.50. by the claimants. were for cong’ purposes, $5 $1,939,710,35; is cluding the mints, toa cies, collection of reven chuerzges, S14,1 naval or military ermments of thore s! ,771 Sv. for expe: been made espe- War I+ partment, Navy Department, Qu public dept, ¥13,39 Ment ot public aevt, including reimburs ments of temporary toan, and redemptions, ing 2 balance in the » first day of July, It should be observed that the sum of $95,- 690,622.09, expended for reimbursements and «bt, being included also may he properly deducted, recemption of peblic in the loans mace, beth from recgipts and expenditures the actral receipts for the venr $497, and the expenditures, 2474.744,77%. 16. Other information on the subject of the finan- | ees will te found in the report of the Seer: of the Treasury, to whose statements and y vile your most candid and censiderate at- ‘The reports of the Secretaries of War, and of s and operations conducted Nér could I give here, upon any principle, tor its being much shorter I therefore con- through those departments. asuminary of t] which would a: than the reports themselves. tnt myself with laying the reports before you, and asking your aticution to them. leasure to report a decided im- Trovement tn the financial condition of the Post ffi. partment, as compared with several to receive and P x years. The rereipts for the fiscal ear 1661 amounted to $8,319,296.40, which em- raced the revenue from all the States of the Union for three quarters of that year. withstanding the cessatign of revenue from the States during the last fiscal eur, the increase of the correspondence of the yal States has been sufficient to prodace a revenue during the same year of $8,299,520.0), being only $50,000 less than was derive: all the States of the Union during the previous nditures show a still more vorable result. The amount expended in 1°61 was $13,606,759.11. For the iast year the amount has been redaced to $11,125,364.13, showing decrease of abaut #2,14),000 in the expenditures as compared with the precedin; about 93,750,000 as compared wit! year 1860. The deficiency in the Department for the previous year was $4,551,966.9S. the last fiscal year it was reduced to $2,112,- ‘ive territories, wu, equal, just and hu- rican deseent y of being re. as citizens; and I regret to say such persons, contemplating colonization, de not seem so willing to migrate to those cerntries, as to some others, uor so willin; think their interest demands. I believe, ever, opinion among them, in this res improving; and that, ere long, there will be an augmented, and considerable migration to both these countries, from the United States. *The new commereial treaty ‘between the United States and the Sultan of Turkey has Leeu carried into execution. A commercialand consular treaty has been tinted, subjest to the Senates consent, with ria; and a similar negotiauon is now pend- ublic ot Hayti. A considerable the national commerce is ex- ted to result from there measures. Our relations with Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, Russia, Prussia, Denmark, Sweden, Austria, the Netherlands, Italy, Rome, ropean States, remain undis- ery favorable relations also continue to be maintained with Turkey, Moroceo, China, During the last year there has not only been mo change of our previous relation with the independent States of our own continent, but, more friendly sentiments than existed: are believed to be entertained by these meighbors, whose safety and prozress are so fatimately connected with our own. This state- ment ery eci:lly applies to Mexico, Nicaragrva, Costa Rica, Honduras, Peru and Chile, ‘The commission under the convention with the republic of New Granada closedits session, Without having audited and passed upon, all the clsims which were submitted to it. A proposition is pending to revive the conven- able to do more complete The joint commission between the tedSates and the republic of Costa Rica bas completed its labors and submitted its re. t . so-called seceded ing witli the re; improvement o: These favorable reealts are in part owing to the cessation of mail seryice in the insurree- tionary States, and in part to a eareful review ofall expenditures in that department in the interest ofeconomy. The emcinoy vs ue pos- | tal service, it is believed, has also been much | improved. The Postmaster General has also opened a correspondence, through the Depart- | ment of State, with foreign governments, pro- sing,& convention of for the purpose of simp! eign postage, and to expedite the foreign mails. This proposition, equaily important to eur | adopted citizens, and to the commercial iater- ests of this country, has been favorably enter- tained, and agreed to, by all the governmenis from whom replies have been received. Lask the attention of Congress to the sugges. { tions of the Postmaster General in his report respecting the further legislutiou reqnired, in his opinion, for the benetit of the postal service. The Secretary of the Interior reports as tol- lowe in regard to the “The public lands and the other Eu ostal representatives | ing the rates of for- haye heretofore ublic lands: ve caased to be a source of revenue, , From the tst of July, 1561, fo the 30th of September, 1862, the entire cash receipts from the sale of lands were $136,176.20—a sum much less than the expenses of our landsyatem during the same period. which will take effect on t! tien, that it may be rt. I bave favored the project for connecting the United 8 ates with Euro graph, +:d « simiter proj-ct to extend the tele graph from San Francis:o, to connect by aPs cule te eziuph with the line which is being ex tended vcre © the Russian empire. ‘The Territories of the United States, with un- ant + xceptions, have remained undis- by he civil war: and they are exhibit- irg such evidence. of Prosperity. as justities sm expectation that some of them will soon be im & conditioa to be organized as constitutionally admitted he Ist of January uch inducements to settlers that cannot be expected to an extent sufficient to ineet the expenses of the Genrral Land Office, and the cost of bringing the land into market.” The discrepanc: as arising from by an Atlantic tele- sales for cas! surveying aud between the sum here stated sales ‘of the public lands, and the sum derived from the same source as reported from the Ty as I understand, from the fact that the periuds of time, though apparently, were not really, coincident at the beginning ort inciuding a considerage sum now, ich had previously been reported trom the Interio-—eufficiently large to greatly overreach the sum derived from the three months now report) d upon by the Interior, and not by the S:ates, and be nt—the Treasury The immease mineral resources of come of these Territors onght to be deve: idly as possible. Every step in would have atenden y to improve the revenne of the governm at, and diminish th: burdens It is worthy of your -erious loped as rap- that direction of the prople consideration whether measures © promote ‘hat «nd ctw ot be adopt. ed. The means which -agge-ts itself as myst feetive, isa se.entiffe: « Bin¢eral regions uu The Indian tribes upon our frontiers have, during the past year, manitested a spirit of in- sutor ‘ination, and, at several points have en- €28¢ed in open hoetiliti i t | Cements in their vicinity. The tribes oceupy- | ‘gg the Indian country sonthof Kansas, re- against the white sut- in those Territori-s, nounced their allegiance tothe United States and entered into treaties with the insurgents, Those who remained loyal to the United States were driven from the country. The chief of the Cherekees has visite’ this city for the pur- pore of restoring the former reiations ot the tite with the Uniied States. He alleges that they were constrained, by enperior force, to enter into treaties wiih the insurgents, and that the United States neglected to farnish,the protection which theif treaty stipulations re- uired. ‘ 3n the month of Angust last the Sioux In- Cian:, in Minnesd:a, attacked the settlements in their vicinity with extreme ferocity, : indiscriminately, men, wemen, nnd children. This attack was wholly exepected, and, there- ! fore, nO meaus of defence had been provided. It ix estimated thxt not less than eight hundred persons wert killed by the Indians, anda latge amcunt of property was Lene Ain How this j outbrenk was induced is not definitely known, andsuspicions, which may be unjust,neednotto be stated. Information was received by the | Indian bureau, from different sources nbout j the time hostilities were commenced, that'n simultaneous attack was to be made upon the white settlements by all the tribes between the Mirsierippi river and the tein: | The State of Minnesota has*i at ine jury from this, Indian war. A larg? portion of , her territory bas been depopulated, and a se- } vere less bas been sustained by the destruction | of properiy. The people of that State mani- j feet much anxiety for the removal of the tribes beyond the limits of the State as a guar- autee againat future tilities, The Commis- | siener of Indian Affgirs will tarnish full de- taile. I submit tor Your ¢ cial cansidera- | tien whether our Indian system shall not be remodeled, aan wise and good men have | impressed me with the belief that this can he profitably done. 1 submita statement of the proceedings of | commirsioners, whicl®@shows the progress that | bas been made in the enterprise of construct- | ing the Pacific railroad. And this suggests the varlicst completion of this road, and also the Javorable action of Congress upon the projects how pending beiore them for enlarging the ca- pacities of the great canals in New York and iinois, as being of yitaland rapidly increa sing importance to the whole nation, and e: pecially to the vast interior region hereinafter to be noticed at some preater length. I par- pose having prepared and lai* befors you at an carly day some interesting and valuable statis. tical information upon this subject. The mili- | tary and commercial importance of enlarging ibe Illinois and Michigan canal, and impro- ving the Lilinois river, is presented in the re- wrt of Colenel Webster to the Secretary of “War, and now trinsmitted to Congress. re- spectinlly ask attention to it. To carry out the provisions of the act of Con- gress of the 15thof May last, I have caused the Department of Agriculture of the United States to be organized. The Commissioner informs ms that within the period of a few months this department has established an extensive system of correspond- ; ehee and exchanges, hoth at home and abroad, which promists to efect highly beneficial re- sults inthe development of a correct knowi- edge of recent improvements in agriculture,in the intreduction of new products, and in the col jon of the agricultural statistics of the sevetal States. Also that it will soon be prepared to distrib. ute largely , cereals. plants and cutting: and has already publivhed, and liberally dif. fused, much yaluatle information in anticipa- tion of a more Taberated report, which will in due time be furnished, embracing some yalua- ble tests in chemical seience new in progress in the Inborstory. ‘The creation of this department was for the more immediate benefit of a large class of our mest yaluable citizens; and I trast that ths hberal basis upon which it wiil not only mert you it will reali anticipati as been organized probation, but that day, all the fondest Htion Os: neuine friends, ard « the fruitiul source of advantage to all pptember i. Executive, xpressed iz tLesecond paragraph of that paper, L now ri specttully recall your attention to Ww! be called “compensated emnucipation. A nition may Le said ist of its territory, | its people, and its law The territory is the only part which is of certain durability: “One g neration passeth away, and another generiu- tion cometh, but the earth abideth forever.” It is of the first importance to duly consider, and | estimate, this ever-enduring part. That portion of the curth’s surface which is owned and in. hahited by the people or the United States, is well adapted to be the home of one national femily; and it is not well adapted for two, or more. Its yust extent, and ifs variety of | mate and j-roductione, are o: yanta age, for one people, wha! they migh heen in former ages. Steam, telegraph: intelligence, have brought these, to. be van'ageous combin sited people, In the inaugur. dress I briefly pointed out the total iz quacy of disunion, as a rem- ecy for the diflcrences of the people of the two sections. I did so in language which I cann impreve, and which, therefore, I beg to rep “Che ion of our country believes slavery is right, and ought tobe pxiended, while the oher eves it is wrong, and ought not to be extended. Thisie the only substantial dispute. The fugitive slave clause of the Constitution, and the law for the suppression of the foreign slave trade, areeach as well euforced, per- haps, as any Jaw caneyerbe ina community where the moral cens¢ of the people imper- tectly supports the law itself, The grent body of the people abide by the dry legal obligation in beth cases, and « few, break-over in each. This, | think, cannot be perfectly cured; and it would be worse in both cases after the separa- tion of the sections, than before. The foreign slave tradv, now imperfectly suppressed, woulda be ultimately revived without restriction in one rection; while fugitive slaves, now only partially surrendered, would not be surren- Cered at all by the other. “Physically speaking, we cannot separate. We cannot remove our pone sections from each other, nor build an impassable wall be- tween them, A husbaud and wife may be di- vorced, and go out of the presence and beyond the reach of each other; but the different parts of our country cannot do this. They cannot but remain fice to face; and intercourse, éither gmi- cable or hostile, must cantinue between them. Is it possible, then, to make that intercourse more advantageous, or more satisfactory, afler | Separation than b-fure? Can aliens make trea- | ties, easier than friends can make Itws? Can | treaties be more faithfully enforced between alicus, than laws can among friends? Suppose ! yon goto war, you cannot fight always; and when, after much loss on both sides, and no gain on either, you cease fighting, the identical old questions. #% 10 terms of intercoursegare again upon you.” aa, . "There is no line, etriiight or crooked, suitable for a national boundary, upon which to divide. Trace through, trom east to west, upon the line between the free and slave country, and | we shall find a little more than one-third of its length are rivers, casy to be crossed, and popu- | luted, or soon*to be populated, thickly upon , both sides; while nearly all its remaining length, are merely surveyors’ lines, over which lLeop'e may walk back and forth without any cons-iousness of their presence. No part of this line can be made any more difficult to pass, by writing it down on paper, or parchment, as “# national boundar The fact of separation, if it comes, gives np, on the part of the sece- ding section, the fu ve slive clause, along with all other constitutional obligations upon the section seceded from, while I skould expect no treaty stipulation Would ever be made io tahe its place. Bot there is another difficulty. The great in- terior r-gion, bounded east by the Alleghanies, north by the British dominions, west by the Rocky mountains, and south by the line along which the cultute of corn and cotton meets, und which includes part of Virgin: part of Tennessee, ull of Kintucky, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Kan- sas, Iowa, Minnesota, and the Territories of Daknota, Neivaska, and part of Colarado, al- Tendy has above ten millions of people, and will have fifty millions within fifty years, if not prevented by any political folly or mis- take, It contains mere than one.ti tea of the country owned by the United States—cer- reer more than one mitlion of square miles. One haifas as populous as Massachusetts al- ready is, it would have more than seventy-five | millions of people. A glance at the map shows that, territorially speaking, it is the great body of the republic. The other parts are but mar- | ginal borders to it, the magnificent region slop- | ing west from the Rocky mountains to the Pa- cifle, being the derpest, as also the richest, in undcveloped resources, In the production of provisions, grains, grasses, and all which proceed from them, this great interior eee is naturally one of the mest important in the world. Ascertain from | the statisiics the small prop ortion of the region ees | much strength in struggics among ourse | By m which has, as t, been tion, andalro Plerented. And yet this region has no sea- coust, touches. no ocean auysyhere. As part of one pationdts people now fiud.and may forever find their way bree by New York, toSouth America aud Africa by New Orleans, and to Aria by San Francisco. But separate our. cctuiron country inte two nations, ns designed by the- present’ rebellion, *bis great interior region ja thereby cul off from tote che er more of these outlets, not, perhaps, by & physical barrier, but Ly embarrassing and oterous trade regulations. And this is true, whererer.a di viding, or beun- dary line, may be fixed. Dlace it b-tween the now frvt and slave country, or place it south of Kentucky, or north of Ohio, and stiil the truth remains, that none south of it, can trade to any. port or place north of it, aud none north of ft, can trade to any port or place south of it, eXcept upon terms dictated by a goyernmeni forcignio them. These outlets, east, west, and routh, are indispensable to-the well-| interior region. *t, is no proper an tifer; and nll, o and to their suecezsors forever. themeelver, they will not ask where aline af seperation shall be, but will vow, rather, that there shall be no such Jine. Nor are the mar- ginal regions lees interc: in these communi- tions to, 2nd through them, to the great out- ide world. They too, and each of them, must have access to this Egyptof the West, without pay ing toll at the crossing ofany national boun- ary. Our natienal strife springs not from our per- Manent part, not trom the land we inhabit; not from) our national homestead. There is no pos- sible severing of this, but would nee ppiyeaed not mitigate, evils among us. In all its adap- tations and aptitudes, it demands union, and ablvors separation. In fact, it would, ere long, force re-union, however much of blood and treasure the separation might have Cost. Our strife pertains to ourselyes—to the pass- ing generations of men; and it can, without conyulsion, be hushed forever with the pass. ing Of one generation. in this view, I recommend the adoption of | the following resolution and articles ameuda- tory to the Constitution of the United States: s‘Resolved Wp the Senate and House of Repre: sentatives of the United States gress assembled, (two-thirds of both houses con- curring,) That the following articles be pro- rosed to the legislatures (orconventions) of the several States as amendments to the Constitu- tion of the United States, all or ‘any of which articles wheu ratified by three-fourths of the said legislatures (or con ventiqgs) to be valid as part or parts of the said Constitution, viz: “ARTICL Every State, wherin slavery now exists, which shail abolish the same there. in, atany time, or timacs, before the first day of January; in the year ofour Lord one thousand | and nine hundred, shall receive compensation from the United States as follows, to wit: “The President of the United States shall deliver to every State, bonds of the United States, bearing interest at the rate of per cent per annum, to an amount equal to the ug- gre gate sum of —— for each slaye shown to have been therein, by the eighth census of the United States, said bonds to be delivered to | such State by insialments, or in one parcel, at Le completicn of the xbolishment, accordingly as the sume shall haye been gradual, or at one time, within such State; and interest shall be- gin torun upon any such bond only from the proper time of its delivery as aforesad. Any | State having received bonds as aforesaid, and aiterwards reintroducing or tolerating slavery therein, shall refund tothe United States the bor ds so r ceived, or the value thhreof, and all interest paid thereon. “ARTICLE —. enjoyed actual freedom by the chances of the War,at any time before the end of the rebellion, shall be forever free; but all owners of such, who shall not have been disloyal, shall be compensated for them, at the sme rates as ts | provided for States adopting abolishment of | flay »buz in such way, that no sYaye shall ice accounted for. RTICLE—. Cor money, and otherwi > provid for colonizing irce colored persous, with their own coasent, | @ any place or places withont the United States. I beg indulgence to diseuss these proposed articies at some longen. Without slavery the tehelion conld never haye existed; without slavery it could not continue. >. Among the friends of the Union there is great diversity of sentiment, aud of policy, in regard to slavery, and the African race amongst us. Some would perpetitate slavery, some would abolish it suddenly, aud withont compensation; scme would abolieh it gradually, and with compensation; some would ney: the freed from us, and some would retain them with vs; and there a “r minor diversi- tics. Beenuse of these diversities, we waste al concession We shouid harmoni- and together, Thi ould be compromis: but it would be compromise among the friend aid vox with the enemies of the Union. These articles are intended to embody a pian of such inutval concessions. If the plan shali te adopt- +d, it is assumed thatemancipa ion will follow, ut least, in se. eral of the S 5 As to the first article, the main points are: firs’, the emancipa‘ion, secondly, th- len=th of Ume for consumating it—thirty-seven years; and thirdly,fthe compensation. ‘Tke emancipatioa will be unsatisfactory to the ‘advocates of perpetual slivery; but the length of ftime #he reatly mitizage their dissatisiaction. ,' me spares both rac. from the eyTls of sudden derangem-nt—in fact, from the necessity of any derangemeut—while mo=t of those whose habitual ceurte of thought will be disturbed by the measure will haye passed away before its cousuinmation. They will never see it. Another class will hail the prospect of «emancipation, but will deprecate the length of time. They will feel that it gives too little to the now living slaves. Bat it really gives them much. Itsaves them from the ya- grant destitution which must largely attend immediate «mancipation in localities where their numbers are very great; and it gives the | inspiring assurance that their posterity shail be tree forever. e The Eo leaves to each State, choosing to act ! it, to abolish slayery now, or at the end | under of the century, or at any intermediate time, or by degrees, Gees over the whole or any part of the pericd; and it obliges no two States tv proceed alike. It also provides for compen. | sation, and generally, the mode of making it. ‘This, it would seem, must further miticate the dissatisfaction of those who favor perpetual slavery, and especially ot thore who are to rv- ceive the compensation, Doubtless some of unose Who are to pay, und not to receive, will object. Yetthe measure is both just and eco- esshenth Karey or tedin cacy A CuAeasOn OF slaves is the destruction of property—property acquired by descent, or by purchase, the same us any other property. . It is no less true for having been often said, that the people ofthe South are not more re- rponsible for the original introduction of this property, than are the people of the North; and when it is remembered how unhesitatingly we all nse cotton and sugar, and share the profits | of dealing in them, it may not be safe to say, that the South has been more responsible than tLe North, for its continuance. If, then, for a common object, this property is to be sacrificed, is it not just that it jone at & common charge? if, with less money, or money more easily paid, we can preserve the benétfits of the Union by this means, than we can by the war alone, is it not also economical to doit! Let us con- sider it then. Let us ascertain the sam we have expended in the war sinee compensated emancipation was propored last March, and consifer whether, if that measure had been prom} tly accepted, by even some of the slave States, the same sum would not hayedone more | to close the war, than has beerPother wize done. If so, the measure Would save money, and, ia that view, would be a prudent and economical measure, Certainly it is not so easy to pay something as it is to pay nothing; but itis easier to pay a large sum than it is to pay alarger one. And it is easier to pay any sum when we are able than it is to pay it before we are able. The , war requires large sums, and requires them at opnce, The aggrerate sum necessary for compensa- ted emancipation, of course, would be large. But it rou require bonds even, any faster than the emancipation progresses. This might not, and probabl would not, close before the end of the thirty- Seven years. At that time we shall havea hundred millions of people to share the burden, inst: ad of thirty-one millions, os now, And not only £0, but the increase of our popu- lation may be expected to continue for a long lime after that period, as rapidly as before: be- cause our territory will not have become fall. 1 do not state this’ ineonsiderately. At ‘the | same ratie of increase which we haye main- brought large and rapidly increasing Amount of its products, and we shall be over- whelmed with the magnitude ot the prospect sand every man of ing of the ie inhabiting, and to inhabit, this vast sigh “Which of the three may be the nestion. All, are better Tight, betong to the peo- Trae to America in Con- | All slaves who shall haye | aCe eee a5 j the whole period, has been gr si 2 ppropriate see p—e no ready cash; nor the | probably | NY, 3,048. Truus—Cask, iwhe . c FIV0 COPD. 5 nacecwats tise eons TED COples .. se mrnenrecceceannss Twenty-five copies... It inveriabiy that hae made Tk Dei generally througheut Se Bingle od tained, on an average, from our first national cersns,in 17%, until that of I-60, we should, in 1900, have @ population OF 108,216,415. Ang w mnt ‘Toad national homestead—is our ampl: | re- scuree. could not expand as stated. Ins ond ¢ight hundred tlionsand, with & population averaging seventy-three and one-third persons to the eGuaré mile. Why may not our coun: "oA Qs some time, Average as many? Ie it less fer- ie? Has it more wi suriace, by. rivers, lakes, @eserts, or other causes! Lf it in- ferior tf Europe in any natural advantage? If, then, we are, At some time, fo be as populons as Furcpe, how soon? As to when this may be, we can judge pasiand the presdnt; the Union. Several of our States are a! nbove the ayerege of Euro; Venty-three and # third to the square mile. Massachusetts hos 157; Rhode IJsiand, 133; Connecticut, 98; New York and New Jersey, each, sv. Also, two other creat States, Pennsylvania and Ohio, are not fur below—the former having 63 and the latier 59. The States already above the ropean average, except New York, have crensed in as rapid a ratio, since passing that point, as ever before; while no one of them is equal to some other parts of our Country, in nuiural ca} acity for ststaininga densé popula- tion. Taking the nation in the aggregate, and we fing its population and ratio of increase, for the several di —— periods, to be as follows: 957 35.02 per ceht. ratio of increase. S14 36.43 “ “ 34 “ “ } 2,506,020 3349 “ IS$0 17,060,453 5: 1°50, .23,191,876 35. sad ps 1860, 31,993,790 35,98 = “= This shows an av, 34.60 per cent. in poy fation throngh te sey n ty yerrs *rom our fitet, toour last census taken. Ivis seen that the rotiv of increase, noone of these seven periods, is either twe per cent. below, or two per cent. above, the average; thus showing how inflexible, and, consequently, hew relinble, the law of inc in our case,is. Assuming that it will conti: gives the tollowing results 1570, 42,325,345 t 56,967,216 76,677,572 168,28, 415 135,918,526 186,984,335 251,650,914 vountry may be &s populous as Europe now is, some point between 1920 and i930—say about 1925—our ter- the square mile, being of capacity to contain 217,156,060, And we will reach this, too, if we de not pur- relves relinguish the chance, by the toily and evils of disunion, or by long and exhansting war springing from the only netioh2! discord among us. be fercseen exactiy how mnch one hu ple of secession, breeding lesser on itely, would retard population, civilizstiog ana prosperity, no ow it would be very great and injnrious. The proposed Gnancipation would shorten the war, perpetuate peace, ins nis increase ef population, and proportiv! ly the weslth he country. With these, we should pay all nar.cil debt, easier than we should pay our other cebt, without it. If we had allowed our «id national dett to run at six per ceat., per annum, simple interest, trom the end of our revolutionary struggie until to-day, whhout paying anything oneither principal or imter- est, cach n.an of us would ow eebt now, thaneach man owed und this Lecause our increase of upon it ten; men, through r per cent.; has run faster than th the debt.’ Thus, time alone, nation, so long us its popuiatior interest upoa eves 2 dey! acreases fust~ er than unpaid interest accunulates on its | , Cebt. This fact would be no excuse for delaying | payment of what is justly due; but it sh great importa of time in this conuce the great ad tage of a policy by which we shell not have to pay until we number a hun- dred millions, what, by a different Policy, we wenld haye to pay now, when we number but thirty-one millions. Ina word, it shows that a Coltar will be much hardrr to pay for the war, then will be a dotlar for emancipation on the pre posec plan. And then the lat e- will co<t no ee ne precious hie. It will be a saving of both. As to the second article, I think it would be | impractiexble to return to bondage the class of | per: ons therein contemplated. Some of them, Goub less, in the property sense, belong to loyal owners; and hence. proytSion is made in this article for compensating such. The third article freed people aut orizes, Congress to aid in colonizing such as may consent. as objectionxble, ou the one hand, or on the other, in so much as it comes to nothing, unless AY We noi conUnue that ratio be- “sr thot period? Our abundant room—our i Were our territery as limited as are! the British leles, very certainly our ulation ead of Teeriv- ing the forrign Lorn, as now,weshould be com- «led to send part of the native born away. -uteuch is not our cendition. We have two millions pine Dundred and sixty-tares thor- sand: quare miles. “Europe bis three millions the: as to when it wil be, py! ever, depends much on whether we matutain ff ge decennial increase of | | acy ca, wou. | rority oud ni reat elerarut of | While it einnot | n doubt that the extemi of | “ | honor or dishonor, te the Intest ceneration. We | tev we are for the Unic ition would cost, together with our | } dom to the | eixe, and what we preerye. e less upon that six } lates to the future of tho | It does not oblige, but merely H This oughtnot to be regarded | Fre by ee tof Comgeat‘atch those the net of abolishing sla ‘Tke }Jan cousteting of but thats restor: of the a - | towel abtneesty ‘ould be . without ita the jor will the war, nor of secure pence more would cort, amountr, manner of pay ment, and times “of would te ihe waty if we Tely sol Tt ie the war, if we rely solely pece force. pr i much—that cost no blood atal. - ' The plan is as constita tonel saw. It eannot become sack without assu ing emancipation, at no v. distant ine new conbtivatlousl terms." Title would end the struggle now, aad save whe irance Union forever. - ‘ 1 do not forgit the arevity which should chara. terize a paper addressed to the Coagress ot the nanen, by the Chief Magistrate of tre nation. Nordol forget that some of you ars my S*Dieis; Bor that many of you have aw, +yperience than I, in the conduct of pathic aff.rs. YetItrust thatin view of ti> great responsibility mr sting upon me, you will per- ¢ i.¢ no want of respect to yourselves, many ear stness | mov vem te display. Brat dowbtec, then, that the p anI suviten ne \ AF, thus ke ~ sen its es peniture of mosey und sf bloott Is it doubied that it would restore th- national au- ional prosperity, and uate loth indefinitely: J= it doybtied we here—Ccngrees and Executive—can secure i's adop jon! Will not the good people respond 108 nied, dnd earnest appeal from us¢ Gun wi, can ly, by any other mews, se certaiaiy, oro speedily, assure these vital objects! ‘We can succera only by convert. Itis not “an ony of us dmagier botler!? bat “can we all do beuer!*- @bject whatsoever is pos<inie, stilthe question recurs “can we do better.” j Tie dogmas of the quit pa-t, are madequate ritory, at eeventy-three and a third persons to | ty thestormy present. The occasion ts pia high with difficnity, and we must rise with ) the occas'on. As our cas+ is new, so wemust think aucw, and actanew. We must van thrall ourselves, and then we shali save our many. : i aneniey: Pel ov -citizens, we cannet escape - We, ct tBis Congress and this admisistration, will te remembrcred in spite cf ourselves, No Personai significance, or msi. nificance, can fpare one or another of us. The 'y tial tLrough which we pass, will light os do - - "The world will not tg ithat we say thir. Weknow how tosave the Unicn. The world kuows we do know how to save it, We—even we here—hold the the power and bear the responsibility. In picing ircedom to the «lave, we aesare frees rec—honorable alike in what we We shall, ued. Siuve, or meanly lose, the last best, hope of earth. Uther means may sutceed; thir, could not fail. The pre 2 is plair, peacefal, cenerous, juet—a eee wh Uapowt. ~ = forever applaud, aud Go+ must forever bless. ” “AIR ATE @ St LINCOLN. December $, 1802. sere A REBEL RAID AT HARTWOOD. Two squadrons 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry cuptureé—The Kailread te Aquia im oper rutien. [Correspondence Philadelphia Inquirer.) Aqvia Cerek, Nov. 29.—Yesterday morning, cutday light. o squadrons of thegd Pa, Cay- alry, doing picket duty ™ the ne of Hariwood Church, some fifteen miles = Falmouth, on the Warrenton road, werecom- pletcly surprised Ly a jarge body of Rebel.ecay- al:y, who got in their tear by @ cirewi Toad, ud doubt piloted by a resident of that vhetaity The two squadrons consisted of four compa- bits, under the comumand of Capt. or Company F. Capt. Hess commanded the sq: rent. Companics C, F,G and M were conrirting of st least vot wet ot Oe ee sioned officers. Capt. E. Jones, of Campany is acting Lieut. Colonel of the ‘and thus wa= uot out with his company, - caped capture. Lieut. ‘bert commanded Canpany G. Lieut. Heyl also was Out of the two squadrons about twenty-five bed, with the Joss of their equipménts. Westry Fisher, a private of company C, was ob ver five miles by a dogen revels, they firing put forty shdts at him, he retaraing the by the mutual yee the people to be de- = — his ee eer wo run ont. He then rted, and the American voters, through their Trew sabre, but enemy would not = resentatives in Congress. | follow. Fisher received two is in his cannot make it beiter known than it al. | Clothes. ready is, that I strongly favor colonization. Four of onr cavalry were wounded: Adan Ard yet I wish tosay there is an objection | Heigle, , company F; Sargent Morri+, urged agains! free colored persons remaining | COWPany G; Michael MeOuiloch, company G; in the country, which is largely imaginary, if | *d Edward Artirors, of ‘a Rot sometimes malicious, - surprise, on the part of the Was com- itis insisted that their presence would injure | pitt’, taking our men at daylight, sleepiest pen po oeey labor and white laborers. | Part of weoteriy hf rest, It w: reserve there ever could be a pro} time for mere | C"™p Attacked, the outpost Det being catch argug ents, that time surely is not now. | disturbed. Captain Garry, in times 1 the present, me® should uit.r | 4uadron, ruched to the scene at the sound of nothing for which they would not willingly be | the Gring, but the enemy, dividing the prisoners, responsible through time and in eternity. Ts it | escaped on ditferent roads, carrying the pris- irve, then, that colored people can dispiace oners Rway with them. any more white labor hy free, than maining slaves? ge is by fe. If they stay in rs ir old | the rebels, who It was a bold and dashing act om-the part of came down from’ Warrenton. places, they jostle ne white + if the: Our cavalry are out now scouring the whole Feave their old pitices, they leave aie’ open t | couniry for rebel marauders, white laborers, Logically, there is neither ‘The railroad is now open, and forage is ar- more nor less of it. Eman: ion, even with- | Tiving in abundance. Great activity is mani- out deportation, would probably enhance the | fsted at Aquia Creek and the yarious depots pale cl of tga labor, and, very suraly, would | Maj. Pomeroy has arriyed in ihe not reduce therm. still have to be performed; the freed le would surely not do more than their ‘old fe S portion of it, and very probably, for a Py RW do less, leaving au. increased part to yee oper, bringing their labor intv ter wages of it. With doportdt®i, unaucing the ed extent, enhanced wages to white labor is mathematically certain. r i> like any other commodity in the market—increas. demand for it, and you increase the price of it. Recuce the supply of black labor, by coloniz- ing the black laborer ont of the country, —_ by precisely so much, you increase the deman for, and wages of, white labor. But it is dreaded that the freed people will swarm forth, and cover the whole land! Are they not already in the land? Will liberation mike them any more numerous? Equally distributed among the whites of the whole country and there would be but one colored to | seven whites. Could the one, in any way, greatly disturb the seven! There aro many communities now, having more than one free colored person, toveven whites; and this, with- out any apparent consciousness of evil froin it. camp, for purpose of paying off the Pennsylyania Re- Thus, the customary amount of labor ‘Would | Serves. ee mous ot re is not a dozen The enemy are busy as usual tions. ‘The ber are thatastorm ic it. The roads are p: wea Regular ek 24 ose imag Sera icksburg, steaming up. ‘weather fs clear, ut theindicatinns brewing. The TaRrrmxe New Booxs.—“The novelistin America” is said to be engaged on the “Rag ‘ibg sensation stories fora popular journal: The Testaccous Fiend, or the Clamdigger's Sbroud. The Poisoned Pup, or the Pale Pointer of the Pyrenees. Of-Ox, or coum Steak of T. Gustinnes, tee of Pinstron oral: Staffino Stuffini, or the Uncut Throat. Death in the Pot, or the Burnt Coffes-Grinder, Mangel-Wurtzel, or the Washer- The District cf Columbia, and the States of-| ¥O™*”. Maryland and Delaware, are all in this dondi- tion. The Districthas more than one free ¢ol- cred to 51x whites; aud yet, in is frequent peti- tions to Copgriss, Ibelicve it has never pre- sonted “the presence of free colored persons as one of its grievances. But why should eman. cipation south, seud the freed people north? People, of any color, seldom run, wnless there be something to run from. Heretofore colored people, to some exten, have fled north from bondage; and wes, Pere haps, from both bondange and desticution. But it gradual emancipation and deportation be adop:ed, they will have neither to Ree from. Their old masters will give them wages at Jeast until new laborers can be procured; and the freed men, in turn, will gladly give their labor for the wages, tll new homes can be found jor the them, in congenial clijnes, and wi'h people of their own blood and race. This proposition ean be trusted On thé matual in- terests involved. And, in any event, cannot the north decide for itself, whether to receive them? z A, as practice proves more than theory, e ages theres been any irru ot colored people north ward, because of ment of slavery in this District last spring. What I have said of the proportion of free colored persons to the whites, in the District, is jor Dayton shot Kame of SS Virginia, Hrecducine’ nm, an e is dying. consoles herseld my clares the Najor's not only clares ‘aj conduct : — but honorabie, nk any body for shooting from the census of 186), having no reference to j way of putting bol. | Pseudo Schnapps, or the Soda-Drinker’s Fate. The Armless Victim, or the Ensanguinea Sleeve, Perchance, or the Howling Dog of the Dead, Motto on the Title prge. Pirchance my dog will howl when - am dend.— Byron. Natiowan CHARACTRRICTICR or Faer.— Tet bpanicn Somiesmathenteboresenen, The Spanish too! curv thanks to lis Moorish blood, “ with the Castilian pride —+high in the ‘The Arab foot is proverbial for its high arch; “a siream can run under the hollow of his foot,” corres; matin s ‘is a description of his form, ‘The foot of the Scotch is large and thick. The foot of the Irish is Mat and square. shcert and fleshy. “Tne American foot is apt to be disproportio: is English foo’ is The nately smal! 87 Some time ago Ma: ublishing & card in for bis and de- She says she doren't her—a mud