The Daily Worker Newspaper, January 9, 1935, Page 6

t 3 Page & DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 9, 14889 What Lenin Really Said: “The dictatorship of the pro- is not merely the use of violence against the ex- ota, letariat is jetaria ited - law ploiters and it is not even mainly By BILL DUNNE country, gation from the Chicago Workers’ burn Child, former U. Daily ,<QWorker AUWTRAL ORGAN COMMUNIST PARTY U.S.A. (SECTION OF COMMUNIST INTERMATIONAL) “America’s Only Working Class Dally Newspaper” FOUNDED 1924 PUBLISHED DAILY, EXCEPT SUNDAY, BY THE COMPRODAILY PUBLISHING CO., INC., 56 E. 13th Street, New York, N. ¥. Telephone: ALgonquin 4-795 4. Address ‘Daiwork,” New York, N. Y¥, an: Room 954, National Press Building, Washington. D. C. Telephone: National 7810. ¥ 101 South Wells St. Room 108, Chicago, Ti. Telephone born 3931 Subscription Rates: By Ma except Manhattan and Bronx), 1 year, 96.00; 6 months, $3.50; 3 months, $2.00; 1 month, 0.78 cemts. Manhattan, Bronx, Foreign and Canada: 1 year, $9.00; @ months, $5.00: 2° months, $3.00. By C Weekly, 18 cents; monthly, 78 ents Gelcstag Mcition; hp mall, 1 Sone, $1.801,6,sortha: 6 cinta WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 9, 1935 Another Scottsboro Victory HE Supreme Court verdict in the Scottsboro case is a brilliant triumph and vindication of the policies of the In- ternational Labor Defense. It is also an overwhelming defeat of the whole horde of so-called “friends” of the boys, the Samuel Leibowitz’s and his supporters in the N.A.A.C.P. leadership, and the “liberal” sheet The Nation. Like a pack of dogs, they harried the LL.D. at every step. At the most crucial moment they deserted the case the better to stab the boys’ defenders in the back. But the I.L.D. policies have won. Like cunning traitors, they said the I.L. D. had been allright for the “beginning of the case.” Now, they said, the I. L. D. “ought to step out.” They said the “I.L.D. is antagonizing the dignity of the court with its propa- ganda.” But the [.L.D. held firm. that the Supreme Court, like any other capitalist court, like the Alabama lynch courts, will listen only to the powerful voice of the masses, backing up the bril- liant I.L.D. lawyers in the court. To lawyers alone it will not listen, the I.L.D. declared. The I.L.D. was a thousand times right. The high and mighty Supreme Court had to listen to the world protest organized by the I.L.D. The high and mighty Supreme Court could not afford to worry about its “dignity” in the face of this mighty protest. If Leibowitz and the N.A.A.C.P. lead- ers had been in the case, the boys would now be doomed. The boys would have been deprived of the one thing that is protecting them from the electric chair— the mighty power of the world protest It declared . Movement. Today, the 1.L.D. stands forth as the shrewdest, most practical, most depend- able and devoted defender of the boys. Through four bitter years of struggle it has proven itself. No honest, sincere friend of the boys can any longer deny this truth. It is behind the I.L.D. that every friend of the boys now belongs, giving of every ounce of energy, of money, and devotion to save these innocent victims of a brutal social system. The 1,L.D. earnestly calls on every friend of the boys to join hands with us. Carry the fight forward! The Oil Decision : tage Supreme Court decision against the Roosevelt oil code is not a victory for the “people.” It leaves the Wall Street oil mo- nopolies in just as much control as he- fore. The court has ruled against the New 32) cil code, which curtails oil produc- tion in order to keep prices up. The basis of the ruling is that the N.R.A. oil code does not state for what purpose this dras- tic curtailment of oil production is taking place. But the Supreme Court does not at all deny the right of the Roosevelt govern- ment to curtail production once the law is so fixed as to comply with this deci- sion. The N.R.A. oil code will remain. The capitalist insanity of destroying oil, wheat, cotton and corn, in order to main- tain high prices, will continue. The Roosevelt policy of curtailing oil i , What the Hearst Papers Said: “The dictatorship of the pre- nothing power based on force and lim- by nothing—by no kind of and absolutely no rule.” Under pressure of protest letters from all over the and confronted with the correct quotation from - Lenin on the dictatorship of the proletariat by a dele- School—the quota- tion which Hearst’s Fascist writers like Richard Wash- S. ambassador to Italy of Mussolini’s stooges in this country, rewrote to fit else than Chicago Workers’ School (In “Lenin's Collected Works, 9 5 4..— ; the use of violenee.”—Vol. 18, Vol. XVIII, Page 361,” to which ditorials in the Hearst ais the Hearst papers referred, no Fuge 361. of; Lenin's Collected, (ua the anere te Works be found. Hearst's anti-labor campaign—H. R. Knott. of the Chicago American, told how the campaign started. In addition he spilled the beans regarding the “integrity” of the news and editorial material of the Hearst press. City Editor Knott (perhaps it should be ex-City Editor because he is probably fired by this time) told the city editor delegation that Child (whose papers the magazine ‘ Life” brands as the worst of the year 1934) had been handed the job of re-writing Lenin “because of the recent stu- dent red uprisings at the University of California in Los Angeles. emphasis.) Knott said: “Why, and one He stated further: production is directly in the interests of the Wall Street Standard Oil monopoly. The Supreme Court decision permits Roosevelt to continue his attempts to drive the small competitors of Rockefel- ler out of business. The New Deal-capitalist robbery of the masses will not be stopped by any Supreme Court decisions. The Supreme Court is part and parcel of the New Deal capitalist swindle of the masses. Only the workers themselves can abolish the insanity of destroying wealth to main- tain profit. Food, Not Booklets OOKLETS won't buy milk and orange juice for babies.” This was the reply of a miner’s wife to Edward J. McGrady, Roosevelt’s assist- ant secretary of labor. After the woman had vividly described the hunger, sickness and death of children in West Virginia mining communities since the crisis began, McGrady callously de- clared “I will be glad to send you the Labor Department’s booklets on child care.” The reply of the miner’s wife was cor- rect: “Booklets won’t buy milk and orange jcice for babies.” Neither will the mean- ingless promises of Roosevelt himself. The Workers Unemployment Insurance Bill (H.R. 2827), adequate cash relief, higher wages, lower food prices—these are what the workers want, not booklets! These can be won only through united mass struggle of all workers. The National Congress for Unemploy- ment and Social Insurance, which ended its sessions in Washington Monday, and to which the miner’s wife was a delegate, was an important step in the development of that struggle, The job now is increased work in every locality, in every union to broaden that fight, drawing in additional millions of workers, Welcome Support NE HUNDRED AND FIFTY New York Methodist ministers have gone on record attacking William Randolph Hearst’s campaign against the Communist Party. In a resolution to the Dickstein com- mittee, the ministers “recognize in this terrorism a particularly vicious and insidi- ous form of propaganda’ because it mas- querades under the guise of patriotism... which is directed at the very spirit and practice of free inquiry, discussion and teaching...” The Daily Worker welcomes this support from non-Communists and urges the united action of all social-minded groups against Hearst’s drive. Growing numbers of workers, liberals and intellectuals, are coming to the realiza- tion that the Hearst fascist venom against the Communist Party looms as a menace to every semblance of civil rights or honest social-minded activity. They are coming to see that from the outlawing of the Communist Party there will quickly develop the smashing of the trade unions, the Socialist Party, and all progressive movements, turning the whole life of the country into a fascist prison- house. The fight against Hearst’s anti-Red drive must be spread into every section of | the country’s popuiation willing to defend their position against the advance of fas- cism. The trade unions and the Socialist Party have serious responsibilities in this respect which cannot be ignored. All must be drawn into the united front against fascism! Join the Communist Party 35 EAST 12TH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. Please send me more information on the Com- munist Party, ADDRESS... Some of the older professors got scared and asked the higher-ups in the Hearst syndicate to wage a campaign against Communism that would take the red ink out of the minds of the students.” (My When shown the correct quotation from Lenin, H. R. this is purely historical.” “You will get no retraction from me. This is not a Party Lite Local 22, 1.L.G.W.U, Fraction Reports |On Party Recruiting ITH the beginning of the re- cruiting drive, the Party frac- tion in Local 22, I. L. G. W. U., in line with the decisions of the Cen- tral Committee, planned out its work | of how to recruit new members into | the Party and strengthen the frac- | tion. A plan of work was discussed | and adopted at a fraction meeting. | what extent was this ube carried out? | response of the comrades in carry- jing out this plan? The following | will answer these questions. plan An open fraction meeting was | held Nov. 17. Only 25 non-Party workers were brought to this meet- | ing, and only three joined the Party lat> that meeting. This meeting showed that no effort was made on the part of the majority of| | the comrades to bring non-Party | workers with them, nor to work suf- | ficiently among them to convince them to join our ranks. Through the fraction proper to | date only eight applications were | turned in to the District, and we | believe thet not many more came in through the sections. The re- cruiting drive was on the order of business again at the fraction meet- |ing held Dec. 5, the silence of the comrades was very convincing that | very little was done. The report from the shop units in dress shops shows very little progress as far as recruiting dressmakers. (A report from one dress unit is quite inter- | esting. They made up their quota | by recruiting six professionals into | the shop unit, but not dressmakers.) | There is no dispute that the Party |has a large following among the | members of Local 22, and with very little effort we can increase our shop units already in existence eeu build new ones, The question then is why ea laxity on the part of the comrades. | | We have 200 members in the frac- | tion, and the results are definitely | out of proportion to the strength of the fraction. This report is not written in a sense of pessimism. The facts are stated with the purpose of bringiag them to the attention of the com- |rades, and with the assurance that. knowing the facts the comrades will | get on the job and rectify this im- permissible situation. The following things are required from the comrades: a) To begin energetically the re- cruiting of new members. b) To report at once their ac- tivities in recruiting new members. ce) To report in what shops there are one, two or more com- rades, so that we can get them together and lay a basis for new units. d) The Buros in the existing shop units to start an immediate drive in their shops to increase the membership of their units, Pa aes Shop Unit Asks Help from Section The Cleveland District asks that | the following letter from a shop | unit to its section and district be | printed in this column. Section 11. McKinney Shop Unit after thor- oughly discussing the activities of the section in our shop, has decided to send this resolution to the Dis- insisting: 1—That Section 11 immediately | assign a street unit to concentrate | on the shop by: a. Selling Daily Workers. |b. Distributing shop bulletin. | ¢. Visiting contacts and getting contacts from the shop. 2—Insisting upon better relations between section and unit. We expect that the District will | take proper steps to see to it that | our request is carried through by | the section according to this letter.” mae: SHOP UNIT. Portland Unemployed Expose Relief Brutality | | PORTLAND, Ore., Jan. 8.—At an open hearing before the City Coun- cil here, jast week, unemployed | workers exposed the practices of the | local relief agencies and demanded | that the unemployed be given free rent. One of the workers, Harry Whee- don, told how his wife had been driven to commit suicide by the badgering of the relief agents. Landlords as well as unemployed | tenants presented evidence of 2 | vicious campaign of evictions and | discrimination. | The issues were sidetracked by | the City Council, which handed! ; down a recommendation to set up an “impartial committes” to receive | complaints from the unemployed, And what is the| false statement. It has been quoted and cannot be re- tracted. Lenin be damned. This is the United States and not Russia. /¢ is really of great insignificance whether we misquote Lenin or not . . . Who is feeding all the unemployed? Not the Communists but. the United States of America. If the capitalists are as hard-hearted as the Communists make them out to be, why didn’t they shoot the unemployed long ago instead of bothering to feed them? .... Even if the quotation is wrong it is a good thing.” The question arises: If Hearst, his high-salaried staff of defenders of fascism and slanderers of workers, the labor movement, and the social revolution—with Com- munists as the immediate target—lie deliberately about such fundamental issues as that of the tactics of the transition period from capitalism to Communism, that is, the dictatorship of the working class, what do they do about ordinary news of workers’ struggles and the daily economic and political issues that arise? He stands convicted of slandering and lying about | “A SPEECH IN EVERY POT” NEWS many more speeches this winter., ITEM: President Roosevelt in his address to Congress promised the nation William Randolph Hearst Lies About the Communist Party one of the great figures of world history, the greatest leader of workers, the colonial peoples and the exploited rural population that ever lived—Lenin. It was Lenin who said about the dictatorship of the proletariat that “a special apparatus, special machinery for suppression is still necessary, the state is still neces- sary, but this is now a transitional state, no longer a state in the usual sense, for the suppression of the minor- ity of the exploiters by a majority of the slaves of yester- day, is a matter comparatively so easy, simple and natural that it will cost far less bloodshed than the suppression of the rising of the slaves, serfs or wage laborers, and will cost mankind far less. This is compatible with the diffusion of democracy among such an overwhelming majority of the population that the need for special ma- chinery of suppression will disappear.”—(State and Revolution—pages 74, 75—International Publishers.) American workers will have no trouble in deciding whose teachings to accept. They will follow the Len- inist truth—not the fascist lies of Hearst. by Burck World Front —— By HARRY GANNES -—— | For Africa a Sword Working Hours In Japan Ceylon Epidemic GAIN the big issue thru- out Europe and on the African continent is the an- nouncement on Monday of an agreement reached between Italy and France, after long conversations between dic- tator Mussolini and Foreign Minis- ter Laval of France. In Rome were concluded, as the | demagogue Wilson used to say, “se= cret pacts secretly arrived at.” The Daily Worker yesterday was | able to give what every capitalist Paper concealed, a more detailed explanation of at least the African. section of the Mussolini-Laval agreement. From the official communique | little can be learned. Here is the main paragraph: “The head of the Italian government and the French Minister of Foreign Affairs con- cluded the Italo-French agreements | relative to the interests of the two countries in Africa and some acts that register the community of views existing between their govern- ments on the questions of European order.” For Europe, peace, say these gen- tlemen, at the expense of a war of plunder against the Negro peo- | ple in the last independent country of Africa, Abyssinia. eS sae 'HE Rodo Keidsai, organ of the right-reformist trade union league in Japan, Sodomei, publishes the following information concern- ing the length of the working day in the Japanese armaments in- dustry: “Since a new re-activizing of the armaments industry and in related industries has set in, the earnings of the worker have also been on the upgrade. But this raise in wages resulted because of the increase in By T. T. LEON publicity papers these days. Almost daily re- ports are printed of meetings of bread bakers, interviews with bread bakers, biographies of the best craftsmen among the bread bakers. While existing bakeries are thus undergoing close public scrutiny, new bakeries are being built and | equipped with machinery in every | Soviet city and town. Bakeries vie with each other in the matter of organizing the production of bread and rolls of higher grades and of a greater variety. At the same time new special bread stores are opening up everywhere and grocery stores are increasing their facilities for selling bread and other bakery products. Here, also, stress is laid on variety and higher quality. End of Bread Card The abolition of the bread ration- ing system marks a definite ad- vance in the matter of improving the material conditions of the toil- ing population of the country, and it has been accepted and enthusi- astically welcomed as such by the masses of the Soviet Union. Cer- tain foreign bourgeois newspapers may have theories of their own to “explain” this aew development. But these theories are apparently devised to outshout the facts which certainly do not make pleasant music for anti-Soviet ears. The gist of the situation was best formulated by Comrade Molotov (Chairman of the Council of Peo- ple’s Commissars) in his report on ‘the question of the abolition of the bread card system at the Plenum Communist Party of the Soviet Union, helé in November. When the bread card system was intro- duced, in 1928, Soviet industry en- tered a period of unprecedented de- velopment. It will be remembered that 1928 was the beginning of the First Five Year Plan period. At that time agriculture was still far behind technically and, socially, it represented the private property sector of national economy. The production of grain was still over- whelmingly in the hands of millions of individual peasant producers and the Kulaks, the village rich, were still a considerable force in the countryside. | At that time, to leave the matter of feeding the workers in the cities to the of the Central Committee of the) ® Abolitian of Bread Rationing System in USSR and Its Meaning | market would have meant putting introduced as an emergency meas- vicissitudes of the free| garded as an ideal, he bread baker is getting a lot of | | socialist industry at the mercy of in the Soviet news- | the capitalist elements. The intro- | duction of the rationing system was a necessary step to insure an unin- terrupted food supply for the urban population, in the first place, for the workers in industry. At the same time it made it possible for the government to carry out a ra- | tioning policy which was to insure particularly favorable conditions for the most important industrial cen- ters, for the best workers, © While the rationing system was introduced primarily to safeguard the interests of developing socialist industry, it also served the inter- ests of agriculture. Industry paid back in the form of tractors, har- vester combines, modern agricul- tural equipment with which it has been supplying the countryside in ever increasing quantities. The in- dustries which were built up in the course of the realization of the first Five Year Plan with the aid of the food supplies rationed out to the} workers at very low prices helped in their turn to mechanize agriculture, | equip it with modern machinery, and thus furnish the basis for the success of collectivization in the country and the creation of large scale agriculture. Now, with the kulak class eliminated and the overwhelming majority of peasant households organized in large col- lective farms, socialist agriculture has gained a firm foothold for itself and agricultural production has been put on a rational basis which insures an ever growing increase in the output of agricultural products. New Socialist Era The new socialist era in Soviet agriculture was most vividly exem- plified by this year’s harvest. Not- withstanding the fact that some | sections of the country had been badly hit by the drought, the total | grain harvested was not less than in 1933, when the country had a bumper crop. Moreover, thanks to the campaign carried on by the Communist Party and the Soviet government for a better organiza- tion of the harvest work the amount of grain actually gathered is about 5,000,000 tons more than last year. The changed position of Sovict agriculture made it unnecessary to continue the bread rationing system with its cumbersome machinery of distribution and accounting. The rationing- system was never re~ It had been | ure, and, now that it has served its | purpose, | it has been discarded. Now, bread, flour and certain cereals are being sold in the open stores for anybody to buy as much as he wants and the kind he prefers. But “open stores” and “open trade” in the Soviet Union are something different than trade in a capitalist country, for the simple reason that these stores are goy- ernment or co-operative owned. |The private trader is practically non-existent, and “open trade” here means Soviet trade, co-operative trade. In the words of Comrade Stalin, it is trade without capital- ists, without profiteers. kind of trade that is fostered by the Communist Party and the So- viet Government as a means of further raising she material well- being of the toiling masses. More Commodities The further increase in com- | modity circulation is of vital im- portance in view of the fact that | the purchasing power of the popu- | lation, both workers and collective farmers, is constantly. increasing. By decision of the government, following the decision of the Plenum of the Central Committee of the Party, the prices for bread and other bakery products have now been fixed at a sum which is between the very low prices of the formerly rationed bread and the considerably higher prices obtaining in the open market. The workers and employees who will thus have to pay a somewhat higher price for ‘their bread will be compensated by The total amount of the increase in wages will reach 4,200,000,000 | roubles in 1935. However, the actual significance of this rise in wages extends far beyond this amount. It is clear— and it is the expressed object of the Party and the government—that by doing away with the double price system the Soviet rouble will ba- come more stabilized and its value greatly enhanced. The abolition of the rationing system, first for bread and cereals and subsequently for other rationed products, will bring about a lowering of prices generally. The abolition of bread rationing is thus a great step forward toward the realization of one of the main tasks of the Second Five Year Plan: to improve the material and cul- tural well-being of the toilers. It is this | a corresponding increase in wages. | | | Trade, the working day and an extraordi- nary speeding up in the productivi- ty of labor power. The long work« ing day is damaging to the health, In those industries related to arma- ments production the 12 hour day is no rarity. And this 12 hours is the time spent in actual work, but it must be remembered that the prep- arations for work, the cleaning-up afterward, and the time spent trav- eling to and from home brings the total to at least 12 hours and more, Such cases aré very numerous. Ac- cording to the statistics published by the Ministry for Industry and the longest working time exists in a cross-section in the metal industry. The smelting-furnace workers work 11 hours and 41 minutes. The rolling-mill workers labor 11 hours and 34 minutes, Casters labor 11 hours and 21 minutes, Riveters labor 10 hours and 24 minutes. Workers in the machine-con- struction and tool industry labor for even longer periods: Polishers labor 11 hours and 31 minutes. Cutters labor 11 hours and 29 minutes. Meiders labor 11 hours and 21 minutes. Smiths labor 11 hours and 8 minutes, Ornamenters labor 11 hours and 9 minutes. “So far as individual districts are concerned the longest work-day ex- ists among the turners of Otaru (Hokaido), 12 hours and 48 min- utes in length. Next are the molders of Hirosima, 12 hours and 21 minutes; and the smiths, 12 hours and 29 minutes. “First of the ‘governmental divi- sions where a cross-section analysis shows the longest workirg time are Hirosima and Fukuoka. Conditions are especially difficult in Fukuoka, where the working day is 12 hours and 29 minutes. * A SEVERE maailria epidemic raging in Ceylon. the extreme southern island point of India. More than 3,000 persons have al- ready died. and in some regions the majority of the population is in- fected. The British domination of Ceylon is even more absolute than in the rest of India. Malaria is a controllable discase in the tropics, and, in fact, can be wiped out com- pletely. But that requires drainage of swamps, improved living condi- tions for the masses, and proper n.edical facilities, which the Brit- ish imperialist bloodsuckers do not want accomplished any more than do the malarial mosquitos. What matters it to the British overlord whether two or ten thousand Cey- lJonese or Tamils die of malaria? The only question that worries them is, will it interfere with profits? ee. is ¥ Se isaac taal