The Daily Worker Newspaper, June 19, 1934, Page 4

Page Four A.F.L. Leaders Stifled General Strike, Write Workers from Toledo Declares Union Officials Were From Beginning} Jailed for Refusing to| Help Ladish Shop | By a Steel Worker Correspondent Oposed to Struggle By a Worker Correspondent TOLEDO, Ohio.—The Auto Lite p 1 not because the / ican Fe on of Labor officials forced the fr to close, but be- cause of the rank and file workers, helped by e Commu Party The leaders of the American Federation of Labor were all against that struggle. They wanted the If would have been broken a long time ago. Most of| the other workers in the other fac- | tories in Toledo were in favor of a! general strike, but the bureaucrats of the A. F. of L., like Ramsey and others, did not want a general| strike, so the general strike plans| have failed. | Because of the talk of the Y. | C, L. comrades to the guardsmen, | a few of the national guards re- fused to fight the workers. They were discharged and imprisoned because of this. Some boys in the National Guards expressed their sorrow that if they only knew that they would have to confront the workers with bayonets they would never have enlisted in that kind of an army. The Daily Worker gives you full news about the struggle for unem- ployment insurance. Buy the Daily Worker at the newsstands. Three cents a copy. Steel Mills Pile Up Food for Scabs By a Worker Correspondent INDIANA HARBOR, Ind.—tI am working at a store at the gate of the Inland Steel Co. Since yesterday I have seen five trucks, loaded with food (None-Such Products), going into the mill. A powerful spotlight has been in- stalled in the mill for searching purposes at night. Old beds have been repainted and cleaned for use at the mill in divided sleep- ing quarters. Fourteen uPliman cars were switched into the mill today. Armed preparations are going on secretly, and the whole situation is getting very tender. You never can tell what will happen in the last minute and how the workers will be affected by the strike. I will send you more news aboutu Six National Guardsmen Fire,SaysCorrespondent By a Worker Correspondent TOLEDO, Ohio—Since May 7 I have been working hard in the Buckeye Brewery after three years idleness. the close neighborhood of the Auto-Lite plant, and the sentries of the Na- tional Guard sometimes extended to The Brewery is in ike to be settled in a “peaceful” | Our doors. Our workers in general| which is quite a stranger got a bottle of beer. I myslf felt sickened by the bare sight of them and since I was work- ing I did not pass the war zone. But one of my sons was close around the battle and told me how tear gas tastes, and said that one Na- tional Guard boy cried because of the unexpected terrible experience of fighting American workers, and six National Guard boys were im- prisoned for disobedience. A friend of my son witnessed how one policeman advised the strikers not to throw one brick and then retreat, but to take a whole armful of bricks and throw them out before retreating. By the first attack in that way they drove the soldier kids back. Half of the workers in our brewery are in the International Union of United Brewery, Flour, Cereal, and Soft Drink Workers. It costs $25 to join the union. I myself, like the rest, have a permit card for | temporary employment, which cost} $1.25 monthly. Those who hold the latter are not allowed to attend the union meetings. The union leaders | are of the type you know very well,| A. F. of L., and so no action at all was taken toward voting about the general strike, except in participat- ing in the parade on June 1, ‘That was a brilliant spectacle. The line was wide and long with ban- ners and music, but in the rear was displayed color and life by singing and shouting comrades from the Communist Party, Friends of Soviet Union, Unemployed Council, Un- employed League (Muste), American Workers Party, and a few Socialists | I have seen in blue shirts and arm signs. The members of the auto union were called inside the Memorial Hall by their leaders. Before this thing occurred I had given up every hope for Toledo, but since this unexpected event broke out, I begin to like this town. The Nazis begin to be busy here. Yesterday the F.S.U. had an un- expectedly good meeting here. Dr. Yung from New York spoke. the situation. HaEN LORE “CAUGHT WITH OUR SHIRTS OFF—” There has come a letter from a woman comrade in the state of ‘Washington, who is facing a situa- tion that doubtless many of us| have found ourselves face to face| with: having grown class-conscious, Tecognizing the desperate world economic situation and seeing the necessity for immediate action, yet lacking the requisite education and experience to carry out our assigned or volunteered tasks as competently | as we want to. This letter comes from a young comrade of 27 (ten years married and having two chil- dren); she has been a year in the movement: grew up in the logging woods, and has been on the farm three years. | “Now I am supposed to organize | the farm women,” she says, “but the | first job is to organize myself.” Her letter: | “I am coming to you for help. . .. Some time ago I read a column! of yours devoted entirely to a list | of reading matter and suggestions | for organizing women in the revolu- | tionary movement. I have searched | through the files that I have avail- able and can find only one article | that begins to satisfy my needs. “I have just received an assign- ment that will require as much un- derstanding of class matters as possible. . .. My work will be mostly among farm women, but whether farm or not, their problems are} every woman’s probiems as far as the class issue is concerned. I re- gret having to ask you to send me @ list of books or pamphlets to use| to broaden my own understanding and pass it on to others. “We do not even see copies of the Working Woman here and so far our little book shop has been | too impoverished to carry this pub-| lication, because there has been no demand except mine for it. I am) enclosing a self-addressed, stamped | envelope... . Thanks a lot... .I should have kept your article when T had it. “Comradely yours, BB+ * * * As I remember, Comrade B.B.B., I have never given a thorough out- line or list such as you mention, though I've had it in mind to do so. There was a very fragmentary list long while ago, and a list for use of social problem clubs more re- cently perhaps this is the list you refer to. As your husband is a member of the United Farmers’ League, you have probably become acquainted with the publication, the National Farmers’ Weekly, which will prove helpful. I have a clipping from this paper, giving a few concrete hints on rallying the farm women, which we'll reprint tomorrow: thereafter the position of women in various systems, past and present, and their role in the labor movement also material dealing with farm prob- lems and their solution under so- cialism. Can You Make ’Em Yourself? Pattern 1758 is available in sizes 36, 38, 40, 42, 44 and 46. Size 36 takes 4% yards 39-inch fabric and % yard contrasting. Illustrated step-by-step sewing instructions in- cluded. Send FIFTEEN CENTS (15c) in coins or stamps (coins preferred) for this Anne Adams Pattern. Write Plainly name, address and style number, BE SURE TO STATE SIZE. Address orders to Daily Worker will give an outline of literature, etc., to provide a basis for study of | s { Pattern Department. 243 West 17th Street, New York City, ‘Union Misleaders | In Pact Trickery Fail To Put Up a Fight Against Dismissals Following Strike By a Metal Worker Correspondent CUDAHY, Wis—A new About six weeks ago there was a strike at Ladish Drop Forge here for a 50 per cent raise, a new wash- room which is badly needed, a shower bath, and a few other de- mands. At first Mr. Ladish did not want to listen to these demands. But to his surprise the workers walked out |100 per cent in less than an hour. | Then he started to figure out other |ways to keep the workers from | striking and to finish the big order |he had on hand from auto com- | panies, under the miserable wages he pays, and big profit for him- self. He came out and lied to the |workers about not making any |money; he said that he cannot give them the amount of 50 per cent at once, but would gve 10 per cent now, and another 10 per cent in 60 days, and agreed to all demands except on weekly pay. “Boys,” Mr. Ladish says, “if you want to look over the books you can go and see for yourselves how much profit I am making.” But Mr.Ladish knows very well how the books are fixed up to show very little profit, but the books with big profit in |them are kept in secret. The leaders of the A. F. of L. did not even let the hammers cool off; they settled the strike on the same day, with a 10 per cent raise, which gives the workers 42 cents an hour, |with a promise of another raise in 60 days, “if I make enough busi- ness with a profit, by that time,” | Says Mr Ladish. | What ‘do you think about this Picture, isn’t it swell? When will he Say that he made enough to give a voluntary raise? Never. But right |after the strike Mr. Ladish fired jand hired, speeded up the jobs day | and night, for about two weeks, and when the 60 days soon came to be up, Mr. Ladish laid off two shifts, and then some forces from the day shift. Over 300 workers are laid off out of a 520 force. To blind the workers and to escape the 10 per cent raise he said that business was slacking. They told the workers to stay home | THE YARD VOICE. Issued by the Communist Party and Young Communist League, Navy Yard Unit, New York. May Day issue. Vol. 1, No, 2 and 3. sien & By SIDNEY BLOOMFIELD HIS issue of “The Yard Voice” is a double issue and an improvement over previous ones, not only in ap- pearance, but in content as well. In eight pages many important questions are dis- cussed, including war and fascism, discrimination against Negroes, The Daily Worker, the N. R. A. and the strike struggles, and unemployment insurance, While in places the paper looks too crowded, and a few of the car- toons are not effective, the paper shows two outstanding features. First, the comrades have taken seriously the job of putting it out and have put hard and painstaking labor into it. Second, they try to make it a Communist paper by an all-round approach to the workers’ problems, connecting them with general social, economic, local, na- tional and world interest from the class (political) view. In doing this the comrades show that they realize that the Yard Voice must be the collective advisor,-educator, propa- gandist, organizer and leader of the Navy yard workers, The great amount of material in the Yard Voice is made possible by printing the paper by a photo- graphic process. The paper is laid out and pasted up—pictures, photo- graphs, cartoons, headlines, type- written articles, etc. All this is then photographed and reduced in size on a plate and the paper is printed from a plate. This, while more ex- pensive than mimeographing, makes it possible to get more material into the paper, including photo- | graphs. There is a cartoon showing a capitalist placing a brick wall be- tween Negro and white workers. On either side the workers stand gazing helplessly at the wall that separates. them. Over the cartoon is a call, “Break the wall of discrimination!” This cartoon would be more effec- tive if it pictured the same workers in action ripping or breaking down the wall. Another cartoon is sup- posed to show a worker selling the Daily Worker, but is so marred and unclear that it looks like the stage Bolshevik often caricatured by our enemies, a lumpenproletarian with whiskers, etc. An unclear cartoon, like the latter, hinders us in over- coming the prejudices of the masses who are fed on the poison of the | capitalist press. Letters From Workers Five letters from workers in the Navy Yard are printed. The editors show their alertness to the problem of winning their fellow-workers for | the revolutionary movement by the patient and comradely treatment of these letters. The comrades make efforts at politicalizing their an- Strike in eh be se oer scheme | the steel barons. So the leaders of | to many | both organizations have started to t wasn’t for the Com-| Were unsympathetic toward them. | workers here was called off by Lad- the strike in the| They did not talk to them, not one/ish Drop Forge in this city. | DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JUNE 19, 1934 Kick False Leaders Out and Run Steel | Struggle Is Only Way to Smash Company Union Stranglehold, Correspondent Points Out GARY, Ind.—At the Gary Steel | works—ever since May 21, there is strike talk. The steel bosses are | putting wire fences all around the} plant, and are erecting electric searchlights near the mill. | The leaders of the American Fed- jeration of Labor and the Amalga- | mated Association have been preach- | | ing strike for the last three months, | and now they see that the workers | are really beginning to act against | talk arbitration. Workers, who are | laying plans fora strike should kick these damn leaders out, and start the wheels rolling in a real workers’ way. | Furthermore, look what took place | on June 11. Workers were off for a month at a time, but the bosses made special trips to the workers’ homes to get them in the shop and make them vote on the lousy com- pany union. We have had it for one year, that union, and so-called | workers’ representatives to work | collectively. What have they done in a year’s time? Can any of you steel workers recall any day that you've attended any meeting with | company representatives? You can- not, and I cannot, because we've NOTE. We publish letters from steel, metal and auto workers every | Tuesday. We urge workers in these industries to write us of their working conditions and of | their efforts to organize. Please | get the letters to us by Friday of each week, two weeks. they said. Yes, after the date of the ra is past, Ladish will make anothe rush for about a month, and do the same thing over again. They discharged the most active | union memberes and are replacing them with non-union men. Yet the union leadership did not take a single step to prevent this discrim- ination against union members. I say that we should organize 100] per cent, and when we go back, to walk out as we did before. But this time we must not take any of Mr. Ladish’s compromises in 60 days, but strike and picket until we get all 40 per cent at once. I overheard a bunch of workers discussing amongst themselves that the Communist Party told them the best advice, for mass picketing and a large workers’ committee of rank “We will call for you, and file members. swers, but in so doing they make serious mistakes. In the “Editor's Note” to a letter on page 2 which exposes discrimination of Negroes, the comrades show incomplete un- derstanding of the Negro problem, first, by writing the words Negro and Negroes with a small “n.” This question, which may perhaps appear as simply one of spelling, involves the national character of the strug- gle of the Negro people. We capi- talize Negro in the same manner as the words Irish, German and Jap- anese, implying, not race or color, but nationality. We do not, of course, attribute to our comrades a conscious attitude in this connec- tion. The “Editor's Note” is of good propaganda value, but does not suggest a single concrete action to remedy the situation, such as a campaign for the promotion of Negro workers to higher-paid jobs, A good suggestion is to consult with the comrades active in special Negro activity such as the L. S. N. R. to obtain their aid in formulat- ing a brief, concrete program of action around which to attract Negro workers. When dealing with such problems, it is necessary to discuss the matter thoroughly among the comrades in order to make the reply the result of col- lective analysis, criticism, and formulation. It will minimize mis- takes which are made when there is no collective work. In reply to a letter sent in by “Two Yard Workers,” asking for “Your reaction and proposals” on the problem of C. W. A. workers taking jobs in the Navy yard while the regular force is being fired, the comrades do a good job discussing the problem in a general way and bring forward a fine analysis of House Resolution 7598, the Work- ers Unemployment Insurance Bill, together with suggestions how to fight for it. But they fail to raise the question of organizing the strug- gle against lay-offs, union protec- tion of workers, organization of the unorganized, unity of employed and unemployed, craft ideology of the A. F. of L. which hampers the task of protecting all workers. The Fight Against Speed-up The “Editor's Note” to “A Yard) Worker” who complains about the speed-up is general and does not take advantage of two excellent openings for ideological and organi- zational suggestions contained in the letter. At one point this worker complains that the supervisor al- ways tells him “You're slow; better speed up,” that he has to get that job done on time, or else .. . “The schedule is not published anywhere, only the supervisor knows the time allowed for each job... I’m sure that schedule is juggled plenty too.” In another paragraph this worker writes about the efficiency ratings being juggled, “so that first class workers are often given the air, while slower men stay on, provided they have pull.” Instead of merely telling “all union members in the yard to bring up at local meetings,” and asking “How about the shop delegates and never attended any sort of meet- ing. ‘We, the workers of the transpor- tation department have demanded some improvement in the yard, in coaling the new engines; we have demanded some sort of system for drinking water, but nothing was done The only way we can make the company improve things is by tak- ing things in our own hands and establishing rank and file control, with the help of the only fighting union in the industry, the Steel and Metal Workers’ Industrial Union, with its headquarters at 1985 Broadway, Gary, Ind. LETTERS FROM OUR READERS SUGGESTS “PLATFORM OF Cc. P.” COLUMN New York City. For a long time I have been an enthusiastic reader of the “Daily,” and I hope to see the time when it is read by every working man everywhere. As I am keenly interested in its growth and have had a good bit of ex- perience in trying to interest work- ers in it, I have a suggestion or two to make which I think would be of help in gaining new readers. Would it not be possible to run a column in every issue, telling in clear, simple language what the aims and platform of the Party are? You may think it is self- evident in the paper. But I as- sure you to a worker unfamiliar with Communism, it would help him to get started. Many work- rs still have a confused general ‘otion that Communists just run around destroying things for no good reason. They would be sur- Real Workers’ Way, Is Appeal Machinery and By a Worker Correspondent BALTIMORE, Md.—For the past week I have noticed a water main being installed on Pennington Ave. With about one-fourth of the pop- j ulation of Baltimore unemployed, | this work is being done by two ma- chines and only about seven men. the other one (a tractor with a pusher blade) refills the trench after the pipe is installed. One man operates each machine while the other five men lay pipe. Surely this was not intended as a project for the enrichment of a contractor, but to provide work for some of the un- employed people of Baltimore. This is only one more instance of neglect to consider the workers on the part of the city administration. If the unemployed of Baltimore, who are being cut off relief could see this going on, I feel sure enough stink would be raised to change things. Let us all protest against this misuse of the taxpayers’ money at once and stop this and all other | similar grafting projects. Editor’s Note.—It is not the busi- ness of the working class to help in the furtherance of reactionary measures proposed by the decaying capitalist class to scrap the use of machinery in order to “make jobs.” There is plenty of useful work to be done in the United States, with the use of all the machinery avail- able. The workers of Balitmore and all other workers who are deprived of jobs, must demand that the bosses and their government give them jobs, real jobs, at regular wages, or else give them unemploy- ment insurance, real aims in simple langauge. It would be an immediate appeal, for in their heart it is what they are looking for. prised and interested to read the An Appeal to ~—A CHEMICAL WORKER Steel Workers While the Daily Worker is doing its utmost to report the current developments in the steel industry as fuily as possible, we cannot! make a complete job of it without the help of the steel workers in the mills themselves. We cannot give a complete picture of your struggles, unless we have direct reports from every steel plant. We therefore urge you to writ ite us at once on the latest hap- penings in your own shop or local, your fellow-workers’ attitude toward the calling off of the steel strike and the actions that have been taken to prepare an effective struggle. SHOP PAPER REVIEWS :-: something about stopping the speed- up?”—although this should also be done—a campaign of rank-and-file, union and unorganized workers should be suggested to demand, by Petition, meetings, delegations, etc., to have the schedules posted, to have department committees super- vise the schedules and suggest forms of struggle to cut down on the time schedules after they are known to be excessive; to fight against dis- crimination, favoritism and for rank and file control, etc. This reply should be followed up with a vigorous campaign and strug- gle. If this is done, we shall ap- preciate the value of worker cor- respondence and the workers will appreciate the Party, its shop paper, etc., and we shall really win over and lead the workers. By linking these points with revolutionary trade union opposition work within the A. F. of L. and work within the “employe” organizations we can build a good movement. It is also necessary to point out that whenever we discuss Congress or any political body or the capi- talist politicians in connection with a problem raised by the workers as is done in another letter, we must raise also the question of voting for Communist candidates, our plat- form, etc., in opposition to those of the capitalist parties. Youth Problems Half of a page is devoted to a discussion of the problems of the apprentices. But only in a general way. No program of youth demands is formulated. It is doubtful whether this important page was seriously discussed by the Y. C. L.ers in the yard. It is a shame to tell the youth on the job that “The Young Communist League is in full sympathy” with the apprentices, that “we volunteer our assistance . write us for further information,’ without raising any serious organi- zational or political points as guid- ance. We must develop a line of action and demands for the youth in the yard, in each department, on every burning grievance, with advice on how these actions are to be or- ganized and carried out. Two-thirds of a page is devoted to “The Metal Trades Council Elec- tions.” Very important organiza- tion problems are discussed. The question of struggle for restoration of the wage-cut, inner union de- mocracy, the corrupt relations be- tween all the trade union mislead- ers with the capitalist politicians and the government, etc., are well- connected into a political exposure together with organizational sug- gestions for rank and file struggle. However, a few important ob- servations must be made in connec- tion with the organizational advice. It is not enough to state that we must “attend meetings,” “demand reports” and “force delegates to act.” The advice should include a program of work upon which basis the rank and file could be involved even over the heads of the official representatives, but with their co- operation, if possible. The question that was posed to one of the welders, Bob the Metal Trades Council doing Lively, is whether he “will be a i} company man... like Mahoney, or will will fight for the men?” Tf would be better to pin him down to @ program of work and at every step and turn, his attitude and con- duct should openly be analysed be- fore the workers, with criticism, Predictions, counter-plans, etc. His conduct should be brought before the men in such a manner as to keep them always Politically and organizaitonally alive, and to place him or any other representative in a position where he must either develop along the road of real rank and file interests and struggle, or stand exposed, and a basis for his defeat and isolation is so prepared that the rank and file will support us against him. If we make this attitude our pol- icy in dealing with such elements, We can readily see that it is wrong for the Yard Voice as the organ of the Communist Party to offer, so to speak, a “blank check” to any- one, as is done in this case when the comrades write taat “The Com- munist Party offers you or any man who will fight for the men, its full support, endorsement, and _ re- sources, and we are sure hundreds of honest trade unionists join us in this.” This blanket offer is prema- ture. It smacks too much like an opportunist maneuver to make an alliance with an individual without regard to building the united front from below on the basis of wide rank and file interests and partici- pation, 4 Because of the great importance of all the questions involved, this article should have had a more con- crete programmatic ending than merely posing the question, “Do we want a Metal Trades Council that will not act for us?” Special stress should have been laid on the build- ing of opposition work within the A. F. of L. Now to get to the feature of this issue, “May Day 1934.” Under this title and accompanied by an effec- tive cartoon, the entire front page and one-third of the second page carries well-written May Day ar- ticles. A few shortcomings of this feature article are the absence of specific issues of the navy yard workers as part of the otherwise generally good approach, and the reference to certain historical events without explanation, such as the fall of the Bastille. In general, there should be shorter articles, more headings to break up the solid effect, and more specific department issues. Already the workers are becoming greatly in- terested in the Yard Voice, as is evidenced by letters asking advice On questions that occupy their minds. The comrades do well in calling on the workers, not only to write and ask for advice, but to send in criticism and suggestions. In this way an advisory body of all readers will be developed and with this broad collective help under the leadership of the nucleus the Yard Voice will develop into a powerful guide and teacher, organizer and leader of the navy yard workers, ea aes All inquiries and comments relative to factory paper reviews should be directed to the Agit- Prop Department, C, C.) The Unemployed One machine digs the trench while | | in his report to the Eighth Conven- PARTY LIFE Weaknesses of Y. C.L. Work |Among the College Students Although Comrade Earl Browder, tion of the Communist Party, dealt quite briefly it is true, with some aspects of our work among students, discussion among higher Young Communist League bodies seems to be limited to a statement of the necessity of increasing our activity among the students. It is essential now during the pre-convention and convention period, that we have not merely mechanical statements of policy with which we all agree, but actual discussion by comrades ac- tive in this movement concerning the successes and shortcomings of our work. To start the ball rolling in the right direction, I want to discuss the work of our League fraction in City College Evening Session. In this school we have made the seri- ous mistake of trying to separate our Y. C. L, tasks from our National Student League tasks. What we failed to realize was that our chief task as a Y. C. L. fraction was to build the N.S. L. Under “Y. C. L. work” we enumerated the sale of the “Daily Worker,” “Young Worker,” pamphlets, etc., and the distribution ef leaflets explaining the program of our League. This “Y. C. L. work” was done so well that during the course of the term we exceeded our quota for recruiting into the League. How- ever this work was carried out at the expense of the N. S, L. chapter at the college. Instead of building the N, 8S. L. as a mass organization and working correctly within it to recruit into the Y. C. L. we re- cruited into the Y. C. L., and thus automatically built the N. S. L. as a sectarian group. Even in the little work done by the N. S. L., we suc- ceeded in activizing no more than half a dozen non-Y. C. L.ers. We had no adequate preparation for the Anti-War Strike of April 13. Con- sidering this lack of work, the turn- out was fairly successful, but again the N. S. L. failed to achieve any- thing organizationally. The strike should have been followed by a leaflet pointing out how successful a united front of the N. S. L. and Student League for Industrial Democracy really could be, Noth- ing was done, however. Opportunist Tendencies Must Be Eliminated; Must Make Y.C.L. Students Real Communists As preparation for May Day, one open air meeting was held without any advertising or preliminary preparation. As a result there was no showing. The preparatory work for National Youth Day was slightly better. In addition there are very serious faults within the fraction itself. We face the great task of making Com- munists out of our Y. C. L’ers. No more than twenty per cent of our fraction know the meaning of real Bolshevik activity. All sorts of right opportunistic tendencies manifest themselves. For example, recently many comrades said the “Young Worker” should not be sold within the college. When our frace tion secretary pointed out that we have pursued a sectarian policy in- stead of mingling with the hundreds of students who discussed the Toledo situation, etc., another com- rade answered that “most of them are Y. P. S. L.’s and. Trotzkyites anyhow.” Obviously if the level of our work is to be raised we must develop our League comrades, and clean out those who have no place in our League. No doubt many of our mistakes developed as a result of the lack of guidance on the part of higher N. S. L. and Y, C. L. bodies. We must see to it that relations are established and maintained between us and the District, in order that we may better begin to organize the great mass of students who are rapidly becoming class conscious and politically conscious, Buro Member, Y. C. L. Fraction, City College, N. Y. Join the Communist Party 35 E. 12th STREET, N. Y. 6. Please send me more informa- tion on the Communist Party. Name Street City «. By KALMUN HECHT (Labor Research Association) A “Special Report on Steel Profits,” based on the financial reports of the companies, was issued over a year ago by Labor Research Asso- ciation. It gave important facts on profits of the major steel companies over a period of years. We sum- marize these facts here, so that steel workers will have a ready reply to company officials who complain of “losses” in answer to demands for wage increases. McKeesport Tin Plate Co. paid stockholders cash dividends to- taling $12,732,000 in the 17-year period ending 1931. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. handed out $79,061,000 to stock- holders from 1919 to 1931 inclusive. In addition there was a distribu- tion of surplus through stock con- version in 1923 that gave stock- holders $85,458,000 in stock, or 285 per cent of their original investment. Youngstown Sheet & Tube Co. made a profit in the 22 years, 1901-22 inclusive, of nearly $95,000,- 000, Profits for the six years Huge Dividends Give Lie to Steel Co.’s Claim of “Losses” 1923-28 amounted to 9214 per cent of the real average investment, or close to 1514 per cent annually. Crucible Steel Co, of America, during the period of 1901-31, paid $29,826,000 to holders of common stock, and nearly $55,000,000 to holders of preferred stock. American Rolling Mill Co. showed a total income of close to $10,500,000 in the two years, 1929 and 1930. Wheeling Steel Corp. paid divi- dend totalling over $3,000,000 in the three years, 1929-31. Inland Steel Corp. had a total income of $24,821,000 for 1929, 1930 and 1931. National Steel Corp. of which E. T. Weirton Steel is a subsidiary, has been more profitable than any other big steel company. Its net profit, after payment of taxes and interest to bankers, was $24,« 636,000 in the three years 1929-31, Bethelehem Steel Corp., over the 21-year period, 1905-31, paid $358,- 559,356 in cash to security holders while at the same time paying the enormous sum of $38,677,524 in bonuses to its officials. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS Chiropractic Does Not Cure Asthma. Mrs. S. B.—Chiraprectic cannot cure bronchial asthma any more than it can cure any other disease. The whole “science” of chiropractic is a huge fake. It often happens that children who have been suffering from obscure diseases that cannot be cured by the average medical prac- titioner suddenly recover when they reach puberty. At the age of thir- teen, great changes take place in the body and mind of a boy. These changes which prepare the child to become a man often alter his constitution and cause various ail- ments to disappear. It is easy for a lay person who is not acquainted with the physiological sciences to ascribe the improvement to what- ever treatment the child happens to receive at the time of his puberty changes. One ot our little patients, a few years ago, was cured of ec- zema by attending the synagogue. He was taken there because of his Bar- Mitzvah and his mother is sure that the religious services which he attended were the cause of his cure. Hazards in the Turpentine Industry John D. R., Atlanta Ga. — The main symptoms in_ turpentine poisoning are irritation of the eyes, nose and trachea (windpipe); cough, excessive _ salivation, giddiness, headache, irritation of the kidneys, severe inflammation of the skin, eczema and hardening of the skin in chronic cases. Sometimes the diagnosis can be made at once by the urine. In people who are poisoned by turpentine, even in those who take small quantities of turpentine by mouth, the odor of violets can be detected in the urine. By PAUL LUTTINGER, M.D. to turpentine poisoning if they do not take the necessary precautions: art glass workers, cable splicers, calico printers, camphor makers, cementers of rubber shoes and rubber raincoats, decorators of pot- tery, dry cleaners, dye makers, enamel makers -and_ enamelers, feather workers, furniture polishers, japan, lacquer, shellac and varnish makers, linoleum makers, litho- graphers and printers, millinery workers, painters and paint makers, patent leather makers sealing-wax makers, and turpentine extractors. In the southern pine forests there are about 25,000 workers producing turpentine, of which nearly 90 per cent are Negroes. Nearly all of them are suffering either from skin dis- eases, kidney trouble or chronic bronchitis. For further information on this subject see the article on “Workers in the Turpentine In- dustry,” by E. Lippincott and Robert Lehr, in the current (June) issue of “Health.” Notice to Nurses and Hospital Workers The Nurses and Hospital Worke- ers League has begun a campaign for the eight hour day. They are conditions facing workers in hospi- tals. All workers in the health field are urged to write up the conditions under which they work and send these articles in to “The Voice,” care of the Nurses ee Workers League, 80 E. 11th St. ¥% The Daily Worker gives you full news about the struggle for unem- ployment insurance. Buy the Daily The following workers are liable Worker at the newsstands. ‘Three cents a copy. a