The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 17, 1933, Page 3

3": DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, MONDAY, JULY 17, 1933 Page Three ALTIMORE POR B i GAIN 30¢ ‘SHIPS IN 6 MONTHS | | | \ j Report Other Advances fat Marine Convention BALTIMORE, Ma., July 16.—At the national convention of the Marine Workers’ Industrial Union in New York, which opened today and will last until Tuesday, tha dele- gates from Baltimore will be able to report definite progress during the past six months. Since Jan. 1 145 Rew union members have been lined up in the local union, More than 300 ships have been boarded by Port Delegates, bringing aboard the Ma- tine Workers’ Voice and other litera- ture, signing up new members, col- lecting dues—spending time with the crew aboard ship. In March a job strike was pulled mn the Munson liner “Munmystic,” with the mén winning their demand for immediate payment of long over- due wages. As a result, the union gained considerably in prestige on the Baltimore waterfront. Action On El Capitan Another important and more re- cent action, carried through on the steamer Bl Capitan in May, was one Against the slave-labor workaway system. A group of 25 seamen boldly forced their way aboard the ship and demanded that five workaways aboard | (men who gét no pay other than 1 cent a mgnth) should be removed and that the ship take on a full crew at regular wages. -Although police were called in, the action was suc- cessful and the workaways were re- moved. In this way the union and the Waterfront Unemployed Council set a fine example of united action of employed and unemployed. Munson Line Concentration The local is issuing a special Mun- son Line bullétin, of which five num- bers have alteady appeared. The task of developing actions on the Munson ships, afd spreading these, on the basis of company demands and issues, ifito a general company action, remains one of the important tasks, not only of the Baltimore lo- eal, but of the union as a Whole, to which the convention will have to give serious attention. Among the unemployed seamen, the union and the Waterfront Un- employed Council have led a num- ber of struggles against the ‘‘sea- men’s” Y. M. ©. A. anchorage, run by the racketeer and tool of the ship owners, Mitchell. Because of these struggles a number of concessions ) have been won in the form of bet-| ster treatment and relief. A definite weakness in the unem- loyed work has been the tendency, regard struggles only as spectacu-/ lar and demonstrative actions and to belittle the small day.to day griev- ances and issues. This over-em- phasis of “big” struggles, which led to the recent weakening of the Wat- | erfront Unemployed Council, has been criticized, and is now being cor-| rected. Work Among Longshoremen The Baltimore local has found its greatest difficulties and very little actual progress can be recorded in lJongshoré work. last month, as a result of greater ef- fort, some resulis are noticeable. ‘There are about 3,000 longshoremen \on the Baltimore waterfront, and of ‘hese “about 2.000 are organized in| swo locals of the International Long- shoremén’s Association, one a Negro local. Th#se locals have headquar- ters in two adjoining buildings in Locust St—a néw building for the whites and an old.one for the Ne- groes. This is one of the ways the I. L. A. fakers use to sharply fence off the whites from the Negross, to keep them separated and divided. Speakers of the M. W. I. U. every week address hundreds of the long- shoremen right outside halls, and are s'{ ceeding in break- ing down the Jim Crow barriers. With the I. L. A. agreement ex- piring Sept. 1, and with the bosses sure to ask for wage reductions, and Ryan sure to help to put them over, the prospect for the starving long- shoremen is black indeed unless, with the help and guidance of the M. W. I. U., they organize to defend their interests. They must demand in- creased wages. With a minimum of $20 a week. They must fight against the murderous speed-up, and for full gangs and smaller drafts. The long- shorémen must organize themselves inside the locals to demand reduc- tion in dues, exemption from dues payment for the unemployed, no ex- pulsions of men behind in dues, and for consolidation of the Negro and white locals. It must be stated that there has been an underestimation of the im- oe of work among the long- shoremén, not only on the part of the M. W. I. U., but on the part of the other militant workers’ organ- izations. Urgent Problems Pressing questions, which confront not only the Baltimore local. but the union as & whole, and which the prés- ent national convention will undoubt- edly do much towards solving, are ‘he organizational and financial juestions. ‘These problems, which very difficult, are interlinked, The problem of keeping contact with new union members who are constantly on the move from port to port, and even from ship to ship, is a key problem. Developing these men as active ship delegates, as or- ganizers of the union, and through them the building of ship groups and committees to lead struggles—this must be thoroughly discussed at the convention. Only by building a firm union apparatus on the ships will ths M. W. Tf. U_ be organizationally polidified, atid will the financial prob- lems be solved. DO YOU CALL THIS EATS » ty & Marine Worker Correspondent YORK.—Beckman, shipping ter of thé Bull Line, came out his office the other day and asked a f ir two men to work the $8, Jean for board and room” for two trips. The work is there, all right, but ho ever called that stuff eats on he Bull Line? The passengers get vaporated milk out of cans. You ‘an imagine what the crews get. However, during the/ the union; > ral Get “:)-Hour Week, 10 to 20% Pay Increase PROVIDENCE, R. I., July 16.—The strike of over 400 workers at the In- ternational Braid Co., 47 Charles St., ended yesterday in a big victory for the strikers. The demands of the strikers were won, including a 40- hour week instead of 54 hours, a/ minimum wage of $13, and wage in- | creases of 10 to 20 per cent. Previous | wages for 54 hours work at this plant ; | ¥anged from $7 to $3. | About 300 workers joined the Na- | tional Textile Workers’ Union, which | led the strike. The strikers gave Nat Kaplan, N.T.W.1.U. organizer a vote of thanks. Morgan and Co. Drafts Slave Code (CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE) | | i | steel workers. Only the bosses in the steel industry drew up the code. Referring to the labor policy of the steel slave code there are the following statements. “For many years the members of the Industry have and now are prepared to deal directly with the employes of such members col- lectively of all matters telating to their employment, The prinel- ples of collective basgnining under which certain members of the in- dustry have dealt with their em- ployes are embodied in Employe Representation Plans, which are now in force at plants of members of the Industry generally .. . “Since the beginning of the pre- sent depression and the conse- quent reduction in the total nam- ber of hours of work available in the industry, its members have | made every effort to distribute, and with a remarkable degree of success have distributed, the hours of work available in their plants so as to give employment to the maximum number of employes,” What They Mean. The significance of these two par- agraphs is that the steel companiés will continue their past policies un- der the present slave code. They say they have always given their workers the right to organize and bargain collectively and they will receive the same rights in the fu- ture. A special schedule which is at- tached to the code, divides the country into various steel divisions, all of which are to come under a maximum hour rate (higher than the present one), and the following minimum hourly wage rates are set: | { | | Distriets 1—Eastern District 2—Johnstown District 3—Pittsburgh District . 4.—Youngstown Valley District 5.—North Ohio River District | 6—Canton, Massillon and Mai field District .. 7—Cleveland District 8.—Buffalo District 9.—Detroit-Toledo District . 10.—South Ohio River District {il 40 40 | » 38 37) Indiana-Iinois St. Louls Dis- | -xieui AT Eee 12—Chicago District . 13.—Southern District . 14—Birmingham District . 15.—Kansas City District 16.—Duluth District 17.—Colorado District 18—Utah District 19.—Seattle District . 20.—San Fraiicisco District 37 21—Los Angeles District .. . 5 Want No Struggle. ve AO | 25] +27 35 37 4 39) 38 Strike Won by 400 at Providence, R.I. Intern’! Braid Co. FEDERAL ‘AGENTS SENT TO SALEM National Textile Union Calls Mass Meeting for Today SALEM, Maes.—Afina Weinstock and E. H. an, U. 8. Commis- sioners of Conciliation from the de- partment of labor in Washington are now in Salem in an attempt to break the Pequot strike. They met with the mill management a few days ago, and this week are meeting with the strike committee. Anna Wein- stock’s betrayals are known through- cut the textilé centers in both North and South, and the National Textile Workers Union is warning the strik- | ers against her. Althotigh the Pequot mill manage- ment had advertised that they would open up last week, a huge picket line every morning prevented them from doing so. The company is also de- pending upon these labor conciliators to do the ditty job of breaking the strike in the name of giving the Na- tional Recovery Bill a chance to operate. ‘The strikers are determined that no conciliator “séttles” the strike for thém. The National Textile Workers Union is advertising an open air mess for Monday evening (July 1th) at which June Croll, N.T.W.U. organizer from Law- rence will speak on the National Recovery Bill and how it will affect the Pequot strike. There is tre- mendous interest involved around this coming meeting, and a large number of strikers are expected. OPEN 2nd MARINE CONVENTION HERE (CONTINUED FROM PAGE ONE) in the union’s paper, the Marine Workers’ Voice, organized 300 Long- shoremen of his city who then elected him delegate to the conference, was made chairman of the afternoon ses- sion. ‘ Roy Hudson, national organizer of the union, made the first report of the afternoon session. He was followed by a ship delegate, Italian longshoreman, a Negro longshore- man from Norfolk and a represen- tative ftom the West Coast United Conference in Seattle. Greetings continued to pour in on the conference. Greetings ftom So- viet marine workers, entire crews of American ships, from nine sea- men being held for deportation on Ellis Island and greetings from the 40 | International of Seamen and Har- bor Workers and from the rank and file opposition group in the Interna- tional Longshoremen’s Association at Superior, Wisconsin. “The’main reports to the conven- tion should come from those who 40/are out in the fields,” stated Hud- s6n in his opening remarks. He pointed out the intolerable condi- 37 | tions the matine workers are faced | with today, the low wages. He stressed the need for action to resist the National Recovery (Slave) Act. Hudson compared the actions of the reformist unions to the militant clags struggle role of A ah Marine Workers Indiistria) inion. Negro and white, native and for- eign born must stand united against No date has been &mfiounced for hearings on the steel code, | the ship owners said Hudson. The conferefice aTjournéd at 5:30 to reopen at 7 p. m. | { By J. STACHEL The coal code for the soft coal in- dustry that has already been sub- mitted jointly by the operators and the UMWA officials to the govern- | ment represents under the guise of improving the conditions of the min- ers on more and very substantial attack on the miners. What are the main features of the code regarding the conditions of the mines? They are: |; 1, That there shall be established the 8 hour day with the further pro- vision that no miner shall receive more than 4 days employment for one part of thé year and no more than 5 days the remaining period of the year, 2. That wages are fixed at $5 for inside workers except for helpers who réceive $4.75 per day and $4 a day for outside workers. Provisons are also made for 5 per cent less in the daily wages of the workers in the Southern mines. 3. That the employers shall con- tinue to have the right to deduct for Tent, supplies, etc. as before, 4. That the operators shall deduct from the wages of the minets the dues for the union. 5. That a committee of 8 all of whi are appointed by the goverh- ment shall have charge of the ad- ministration of the code. No Fixed Minimum Wi Much noise has been made by the Roosevelt government about minimum wages. This code for the miners just like the cotton code already approved by the President are in no ways @ guarantee of any fixed minimum wage. Regarding the hours this code does not in any way change matters except to Paces definitely for an extension of the Hoover stagge: plan to all mines. Alreaty the ctagger Plan is used quite greener inthe industry. The code | not guar. | } Code fo: +oft Coal Industry, Submitted Jointly by Coal-Barons and U.M.W.A. Officials, | leadership of the Friends of the Sov against the lies about the U.S.S.R. by the workers. Inset shows Norma: Marine W It’s a Tough Life for the Workaway By a Marine Worker Correspondent BALTIMORE, Md.—A_ workaway on the “San Anselmo” sure led a swell life. The crew advised him that the reason he was on the ship was to speed up the crew and help cut wages. But it seems that this work- away would pay no attention to what was told him, and appeared willing to help the shipowners in their drive on the conditions of the sea- men, Even the officers were opposed to the workaway system on this ship, but the company ordered that work- aways be carried. So the crew de- cided to take a littie action against this workaway. They refused to let him sleep in the foc’sle and made him sleep out on deck among the cargo of lumber. The workaway didn’t like the idea of using 12 x 12s for blankets, but nevertheless he stayed on the ship. When the ship arrival in Baltimore, a port delegate of the Marine Work- ers Industrial Union went aboard and had a discussion with the ship’s delegate on the ship about this work- away. Nearly every member of the crew advised the workaway to get off the ship, or things might come about where he would find himself in @ delicate state of health. | Well, the workaway was not sighed | on the ship, and was left behind in | Baltimore. An@ the seamert on the | beach in Baltimore have no use for workaways, so this workaway was Probably advised of this, because he | has never showed his mug around. | |. The crew on the “San Anselmo” | have sounded a warning to the ship- | owners, and don’t think the ship- owners will not hear it. H. B. | Have you approatied your fel- | low worker im your shop with a» | copy of the ‘Daily?’ If not, do su | guardist papers and fascist organizations in the United States. vigorous demand for the recognition of the Soviet Union was voiced of the F.S.U., addressing a mass meeting which followed the parade. \ ; | stevedore and winch driver and sea-| |I thought the worst thing that one | Photo shows members of working class organizations under the yiet Union demonstrating Saturday that are being spread by white A nH. Tailentire, national organizer orkers Describe Dealt Them in the “New Deal” |Union Doesn’t Help Winchie Get Job But Takes His First Money By a Marine Worker Correspondent | PHILADELPHIA, Pa.—I am a man, just arrived here from the Pacific Coast, out of work. I went down to the International Long- | shoremen’s Association Hall to see the secretary, if there was any chance of getting on the ships to work, but the secretary said that they did not hire the men. They had to get their own jobs. | gear, so I got a job driving aboard. their ships. When we finished one} ship, the ship's walker told me to come back Friday morning to work the next ship. It was pay day that |day. I received my money for the first ship that I workd in this port. After the men were paid off, they started picking the gangs for~the ship. The delegates were there to see that the men did not go to work if they had not paid their dollars to the I. L. A. Now I found out that some of the men paid as high as $25 to_join the union, some $5.82. So they: made the grand rush to me to join up right there. I said, let me get in a shift or two and that I would join them. Because I did not give them my first few dollars they just froze me out. I saw them go to the ship’s boss, so that proved to me Down With White Guard Lies Against the Soviet Union! Hand ‘Dock Worker Pays 1-3 of Pay in Graft | By a Marine Worker Correspondent NEW YORK—I am a dock work- er. The other day I got a job on the Munson line. In the two days I worked there I made $12. Out of this $12 I had to $2 to the racket- eers. (This is the only way to get a job on the Munson Line.) In addi- tion to this $2 grazt, I had to pay an additional dollar to the same The Lueckenback Steamship Co. |racketeers for changing the check uses only one man for driving their | iven to me instead of cash by the | company. In addition to this $3 graft, I had | to pay an additional quarter because | three longshoremen got hurt on the | job, one of them having broken a leg. These accidents happen very often, due to the speed-up. However, the injured longshoremen never get Out of a crew of 280, only about | 35 men are insured. In case of in- jury, these insured men are supposed to get $17.50 a week. However, even these few men who are insured never get any compensation. The shoreman who are injured are threatened by the racketeers at the point of a gun not to apply for any insurance. As you see, on this job I made $12, out of which I had to pay $3.25 graft, which left me $8.75. that something was sure going wrong in Denmark. I was not | picked. The last ship that I drove gears | on, the boss said to me, “Winchie, you are all right; you will get on here all right now.” But you can see how they try to pull the old stuff | on the poor workers that are tryin; back to the delegate and said that | man could do to another is to de- liberately take the bread right out | of his mouth when he had no pro- | tection at all. ES. | At the same time, the racketeers collected $1,050 from the 280 long- shoremen who worked those few days, collecting from $8.25 to $3.75 gtaft from each longshoreman. The contractor for the Munson line is J. T, Clark & Son, a big politician |to make an honest living. I went| Of the City Democratic Club. The international Longshoremen’s Asso- ‘iation delegates are working hand in hand with the racketeers. These are the conditions under which the longshoremen have to work at pres- ent. MINE OPERATORS AND LEWIS MAKE NEW ATTACK AGAINST __ MINERS THROUGH THE RECOVERY ACT Extends Hoover's Stagger Plan to All Mines; Makes No Provision for Minimum Number of Working Hours or Fixed Minimum Wage antee s minimum number of hours per week. It only lays down the Maximum number of days and hours per week. Under this code the min- with the operators mercies of the operators, Propose a scale of 85, $4.75 and $4 for ; outside workers. This in itself fixes @ schle downward from that prevail- ing in the organized fields in the soft coal industry, and will without doubt if carried through also .ffect the wages of the miners in the anthra- cite whose wage scale is much higher. But even aside from this surely the UMWA officials that propose this | Wage, scale know that already prices have" gone up considerably and are still rising. The whole program of the government openly admitted not- withstanding certain demagogy, is to Yaise prices to the 1926 level that is to increase them more times than has already been accomplished. At that time the miners had a basic wage seale under the Jacksonville agree- ment of $7.50 a day. More Operators Schemes to Lower Wages Furthermore, there are no provi- | slons in conerete form in the code: that would make it impossible for) the operators to raise their prices of supplies, rents, etc., and in this way further lower tne actual wages of the workers, The code specifically states that the operators have the right to make such deductions, It is true the Code states that the operators can not force the miners to live in com- pany houses. But this is an empty gesture. Where shall the miners live? | They are compelled to live in these | company houses since there are none | near the mining town within, of the mine to choose once in the company miners are delivered to the “ |the relief to the unemployed and , also evades entirely the question of The code calls for payment of wages in cash and also states that the workers shall not be forced to buy in the company stores, But this again is a mere gesture. The operators through their low wages and the stag- #er plan create the situation in which the miners are compelled to ask the company for credit and become even in some cases indebted. In some cases they even have to work off the relief they receive. Under such con- | ditions the workers are compelled to trade in the company stores and will not be paid in cash, but will con- tinue to receive envelopes with three zeroes. No Provisions for Unemployed, for Negro Workers’ Rights The coal code does not provide for social and unemployment insurance. It does not provide for accidents, sickness and other evils from which the miners especially suffer. There are no provisions to guarantee equal rights to the Negro minefs, the right to all jobs in and around the mine. The code says nothing about the hundred and one abuses from which the miners suffer in the company controlled and state trooper pa- trolled towns. U.M.W.A, Leaders Partners In At- tack on the Miners John L. Lewis and the other U. M. W. A. officials, who are responsible for the present state of the miners, are in agreement with the code as proposed. They claim to have differences on one point. They wish to further stagger the miners, thas helping to lower the earnings of the employed miners and felieve the bosses and the government from Supporting the unemployed. For this they are rewarded by the fact that the code provides for the deduc- tion of the dues to go into the pock- ets of these corrupt officials, through the company. These officials already know that the miners have no confi- dence in them and will have even less when the “recovery bill” begins to| work in practice. ‘They therefore in reality are agree- ing with the operators to cut down the workers’ wages a definite sum which the operators will then pay to the leaders of the U. M. W. A. for their service to the company. The very principle of the checkoff is that the leaders are in the employ of the operators and not of the miners. These leaders further agree to dif- ferent wage scales for North and South in order to keep the miners divided and thus be able to better attack all of the miners. Miners Not Represented The rank and file of the miners were not represented in the work- ing out of this code. Nor will they be represented in the administration of the code. The government will iname the two “labor” representa- | tives on the committee of five. This machinery, with the full backing of the forces of the government, will decide all questions over the heads of the miners. Will attempt to out- law strikes, disrupt the genuine or- Lae pana “ine the miners. In fact operators to code and thetr — jers in the Soviet Union. j anything out of these collections, | because the gang is keeping this! money. long- | ‘RAIL EMPLOYMENT FAR BELOW 1932; FURTHER LAYOFFS ARE PLANNED Soviet Rail Road Workers Get 20 to 60 Per Cent |Improved Machinery Increase in the United States Takes Away More Jobs | NEW YORK.—While the Roose- velt railway co-ordinating scheme ; Which will lay off additional thous- jands of workers is being worked | out, the Interstate Commerce Com- | mission reports that there are nearly 75,000 less men at work in the rail system than the low average of |1932, when three-quarters of a mil- lion men had already been laid off. | The total fér June was 957,330 workers, many of them on part time. ‘These men are working under the 10 per cent wage cut put over by the Brotherhood chiefs in coopera- | tion with the government, made in- creasingly severe by the ever-rising get of living. In contrast comes the eous announcement that | Union has decreed wage of 20 to 60 per cent for | workers. | It is already well known that |there is no unemployment among ‘rail workers as well as other work- So broad lis the field of industrial develop- |ment opened in the USSR it has | been estimated that if the big Mag- |nitogorsk steel works in the Urals |devoted its entire output for the next 10 years to providing steel for the Soviet railroad system, the re- quirements would not be fulfilled! |Rationalization Serves Capitalists. | Soviet rail workers themselves benefit through technological im- provements. Who gets the benefit of such methods in a capitalist country such as the United States? The July issue of Railway Age gives lan eloquent answer in an article en- | titled, ironically enough, “Easing |the Burden of Labor.” A picture is |reproduced of four tie adzers now jenabled to do “more and better | work than 20 men” by means of new | equipment. | Railway Age boasis that more ; than one road has been able to re- duce laying rail coSts as much as 60 per cent per mile through use |of power tools. An even more striking example simultan- the Soviet increases railway is shown in weeding the road bed which formerly required from 300 to 800 men hours per mile at cost of from $80 to $200. Today the same track can be cleared of weeds in two or three hours by means of chemical applications or burning for le as $3.50 to $20 a mile. The to te question as to who the benefit of these cfidhges is vious: the owning class with its unearned income derived from rail- way stocks and bonds. The work- ers get laid off. Eastman Appoints Speed-up Men. Eastma (the Roosevelt rail co- ordinator) has just appointed 15 as- sistants “in the work of coordina- tion in three ma divisions of the ¢ try and to study potential op- e g economies and methods of efficiency.” On asing operating 1 staff to hi in this “modernization” scheme will be Otto S. Beyer “industrial engin- eer” who assisted in putting over the B. & O. plan and in selling the American Federation of Labor lead- ers’ policy of efficiency (speed-up) schemes to bosses. Eastrnan’s federal committees and regional advisers are to operate par- allel to similar committees set up by the railroads themselves. In other words, te workers are to get it in the neck either way. Duties of Eastman’s appointees “will in- clude the unification of terminal Operations the joint use of shops and various other facilities, the pooling of train service and the eli- mination of uneconomical routes.” The Chicago Rock Island and Pacific Railway Co. received nearly $14,000,000 in R. F. C. funds up to the time of its going into bank- ruptey. But directors of the com- pany had voted a dividend of $7 a share on the company’s common stock in 1930 when earnings were reported at $1,000,000 short of meet- ing the payment. In 1931 they au- thorized another disbursement of $2.25 making the deficit run into nearly $4,000,000. Now, after the coupon clippers and stockholders have gotten theirs and the R. F. C, has pumped in its share five com- mittees of bondholders have been chosen to “protect their interests.” Questions and Answers on the N. Note: This column will be de- voted to answering questions on the | function of the industrial recovery (slavery) act and the struggles | against it. | All workers are invited to send in their questions to this department. er Sra Question: Do you not think the workers will get jobs because you will tonly work 40 hours under the codes instead of a 60 hour week that we work now in the factory? Answer: The 40 hour week even if put into effect in the cotton textile |industry will not produce any more jobs. For example the bosses’ econ- omic organ the Annalist in its June 30th 1933 issue discussing this very question said that the bossses ex- petced to get at least the same amount of production through greater speed-tip from the workers in the 40-hour week if not more, than they did with a 60 hour week. “Employers everywhere,” they said, “will endeavor to get the output formerly obtained daring long hours.” We can show ; this more concretely in steel produc- tion. The index of steel production j already are cheaper. LR.A. was (according to the Department of Commerce, July business survey, 1933) was 29, and the index of the workers employed was 56. In May, 1933, the production index jumped up to 49, but the index of workers ermh- ployed dropped to 42. Result: Great- er production with less workers and at less \hours per worker. Question: How does a cheap (in- flated) dollar give the U. S. foreign trade advantages? Answer: First, a cheap dollar cuts real wages (the amount of food, clothing, etc., the worker can buy) and gives the bosses an opportunity of lowering their costs of production. In the world markets it acts in this way: For example, a French exporter who formerly bought American com- modities, at a price, say, of $1 each. He paid the American manufacturer in American money. Therefore, at the former gold standard he had to spend 25 francs for the $1 article he imported. Now the dollar has drop- ped in relation to the franc. He has to pay only 20 francs—a drop of 5 francs. This gives him an oppor- tunity to make 5 extra francs, or to | Sell the article cheaper than a simi- lar one manufactured in France, or purchased from another country, Every time the doliar gets cheaper, the process of penetrating the mar- kets in this way is intensified. In England and France American goods That is why France puts on a new tariff against | American goods, and Britain prepares ness to récognize the U. M. W. A is due to the fact that the strikes | of the miners are increasing. The workers are resisting the company unions and are rallying in larger | numbers to the National Miners’ Union and the rank and file opposi- | tions in the U.M.W.A. | But the miners will have some- | | thing to say to all this. Already | they are speaking through strikes in| many parts of the country. They will also be heard in Washington when the hearings of the code come up. The National Miners’ Union is now taking up with the miners the | working out of their demands and | will bring rank and file miners to the hearings. The oppositions in the U.M.W.A. are also working out their proposals for presentation. The miners will not be so easily enslaved by this “new deal.” Miners’ Demands The demands that the N. M. U. will submit are now being formulated by the miners. But it is already def- inite that they will demand a higher wage than provided in the code. They will demand a guarantee of not only a maximum but also a) minimum number of days per week. They will oppose the stagger plan. | They will demand relief and unem-| Ployment insurance for the unem-| ployed. They will demand that the Negro miners be given full rights and the right to all jobs. They will demand safety devices. They will de-| mand an end to the company town) exploitation and terror. They will! Wemand the recognition of their own | elected mine committees, the right to| belong to the union of their own| choice and will oppose the U.M.W.A. check-off. Behind the demands of | | is mine mach in the future conditions| of the miners, fi to lower the pound sterling—to act as a teriff against American goods. The baftle is on! Question: How and to what extent will the Industrial Recovery Act af- fect the farmers? Answer: In many ways. Briefly, it | will raise prices on the manufactured goods they buy, clothing, machinery, oil, coal, etc., ete. It will cut down the amount of food the worker can buy, contracting further the market for food, UNCLE SAM’S POOR HOUSE By a Marine Worker Correspondent ST. CROIX, Virgin Islands—This “Hoover's Poor House.” The pay Croix is 70 in the sugar mill at St cents a day for 12 hours work. They work 12 hours straight, grabbing their lunch on the fly. ‘The pay for longshoremén is 16 cents an hour, and 20 cents for over~ time, carrying 350-Ib. bags of raw sugar. zy At one time the longshoremen had a union in this island and got good pay. Then an International Long- shoremen’s Association official came down and took charge. When the time was ripe, he took the cash and vanished, NOTE: We publish letters from marine workers every Monday. Get the let~ to ws by the preceding Fhure-