The Daily Worker Newspaper, June 27, 1933, Page 1

All Out to Red Press Carnival at Starlight Park, Bronx, Saturday, July Ist! Daily Central “ (Section of the Communist International ) Vol. X, No. 153 ‘Economy’--at Whose Expense? | Farm Workers | iar of millions for war equipment; wholesale dismissals of work~ ers in the employ of the federal government; beating down of wages of those still working; attacks on the veterans’ pensions and compensa- tton; scornful rejection of the demands of the hungry masses. Such is the Roosevelt “economy” program In Saturday morning’s press there appeared two reports from Wash- ington again showing that the so-called new deal is a double deal where- jy the speculators, the bankers, the war-mongers get what they want through increasingly vicious attacks upon the workers One report showed how the government is to immediately begin its naval building program involving an expenditure of $238,000,000, and a building program for army posts that will cost $135,000,000. The other item told of the increasing anxiety among the thousands of clerks in government departments who see the axe of dismissal being | wielded in their departments. More than 500 have been cut off the pay roll of the commerce department, 300 from the printing department, thousands from various other departments. These discharged governmest workers are subjected to the same treat- ment as industrial workers thrown out of jobs. No provision is made to support them. They join the ranks of the totally unemployed, swelling the numbers of the hungry millions whose every demand is scorned by athe government. OOSEVEL, says he has no money for relief for unemployed workers and impoverished farmers. He speaks of “economy” when the question of relief for the masses is raised. But he has $373,000,000 to spend on two items for the navy and army. This certainly could.be used as part of a fund for unemployment insurance. Other hundreds of millions and even billions are being spent for main- taining the armed forces of the country, for sending imperialist bandit expeditions to other parts of the world; bankers, industrialists, mortgage- sharks—all elements of the parasitic ruling class—have access to billions. But when it comes to the demands of the hungry masses we are cynically told there is no money. | The money is in the hands of the government and the capitalists. ‘And above all it will remain there until the toiling masses wage the most relentless mass struggle to compel the exploiters and their hunger gov- ernment to give up some of its loot for immediate relief and for unem- % a ployment and social insurance. ‘ e\ ” & ° PR SKS SEE IEAWSLE 4 Serta o,? U.S.S.R. Recognition ROM the first days of the Bolshevik revolution, American workers, in increasing numbers, fought for the recognition of the Soviet Union ang against the refusal of the Washington government to grant such rec- ognition. The advanced sections of the working class waged the strug- gle for recognition as an act of solidarity with the heroic Russian masses who, against terrific odds, were defending the revolution against the capitalist world. It was in 1922 that Charles Evans Hughes, then secretary of state im the Harding cabinet, in the course of his campaign against the revo- lution, referred to the Soviet Union as an “economic vacuum”. This he ave as the excuse for non-recognition. In the years that have intervened since then the capitalist world has plunged into its most devastating crisis, capitalist stabilization has come to an end. The one place on earth that has escaped the ravages of the world economic crisis, the one country in which no unemployment exists is the Soviet Union. The “vacuum” has now filled up as'a result of the tremendous achievements of socialist construction in the Soviet Union, while in the United States, the citadel of imperialist might, by the confession of its own defenders, there is in- creasing chaos and no capitalist can view the future with assurance. American workers, in class solidarity with the Soviet workers will con- tinue to defend the workers’ and peasants’ government. They will defend the Soviet Union, and its undeviating policy of peace, against the im- perialist war mongers. ‘ matchless advance in Soviet economic life makes the Soviet Union a vest market for American products, Jt can easily, as Maxim Lit- vinoff, commissar for foreign affatre of the Soviet government, said, absorb this year approximately half a billion dollars worth of machinery and other products. Certainly such orders would give work to tens of thousands of unemployed in this country. Considerable sections of the American capitalist class see in the Soviet Union an opportunity for profitable trade. This was expressed by Senator Norris the other day when, in urging recognition, he emphasized the fact that the one country that had never defaulted on its interna- tional financial obligations recently was the Soviet. In the sharpening rivalries for world markets, the Rooseyelt admin- istration is playing with the issue of Soviet recognition, without going on record officially one way or another. This issue is being used and will be used in the struggle against the imperialist rivals of the United States— particularly Japan and England. But it must be clearly understood that there is no fundamental change in the traditional policy of American imperialist hostility to the Soviet Union and that the Roosevelt administration, the same as its predeces- sors, constantly strives to find some basis for common action on the pert of the imperialist powers against the workers’ state. Talk of recognition by politicians, by capitalist groups such as the United States Board of Trade, does not in the least minimize the danger of imperialist war and intervention against the Soviet Union. On the contrary the increased aggressiveness of American imperialism in its efforts to find a capitalist way out of the crisis makes more acute the war danger. Hence, it is imperative that workers not only fight for recognition of the Soviet Union and support every move in that direction, but it is neces~ sary that the defense of the Soviet Union be carried out with greater de- termination than ever. action of the Colorado State Federation of Labor in adopting a resolution for recognition of the Soviet Union indicates the increasing insistence of the rank and file workers inside and outside the American Federation of Labor that the vicious anti-Soviet policies of Green, Woll and comnany be repudiated. It is essential that this question be brought up and acted upon in local unions, in central labor councils and other A. F. of L. bodies. Everywhere the struggle for defense of the Soviet Union must be carried forward. It was the working class that in the past has fought in behalf of the _ Soviet Union. It is only the working class today that wages an uncompro- mising fight for recognition and defense of the Soviet Union. It is the working class only that will resolutely continue this struggle. Banks and Government -- Pals ODAY'S testimony of the present Chief of the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice in the matter of the Harriman Bank swindles is that “Federal bank examination is 2 misnomer, a superficial formal- 4 ity”. Several weeks ago, former Controller of Currency, Pole, admitted the same thing. The examination of the national banks by the Umited States government, in other words, is a farce—a joke. The highest officials of the U. S. government knew all the while that the leading officials of the Harriman Bank were using the funds. of the ” depositors for their private speculations, Nevertheless, they did absolutely nothing for over nine months, while these open frauds and swindles were going on under their very noses. ‘The examination also brought out that it is the easiest thing in the world for a senator to stop any inquiry into the banks of his home state. And today’s testimony revealed that the Federal government, so energetic and zealous in the prosecution of workers, suddenly is afflicted with paralysis when the plundefngs and robberies of big bankers is con- cerned. The pirate bankers afd the government—they are thick as honey Stops Pay Cut Southern Industrial College Heads Cut Pay) from $1 to 40 Cents a Day CAMP HILL, Ala., June 26.—Negro farm laborers employed on a plan- tation owned and controlled by the Southern Industrial College here, struck | last week against a 60 per cent wage-cut which the college officials tried to, pot over, They forced the college to rescind the cut. | These laborers, like all other farm laborers and share-croppers, have | | slaved for years on the Alabama plan- #- —— {3 which has kept the croppers of this | | tations, and today have nothing to | show for their hard labor but blistered | hands. | The workers on the college plan- | tation were working 11 to 12 hours | |@ day, from “too soon” to “too late”. | |Lyman Ward, the college principal and manager of the plantation, | | thought that $1 a day was too much | |for the workers to live on, and cut | |it down to $.40. | Hoping to avoid payment of the $1 | wage, Ward went to consult with | Pierce Smith, of the Planters Gin Co. | |Workers Strike In | | | 60 Machine Shops NEW YORK.—The sewing’ ma- chine mechanics, power table setters. \electricians, Chauffeurs, helpers and others of 60 sewing machine dealers respondéd yesterday to the general | strike call issued by the Sewing Ma~ ;Chine Mechanics and Power Table Setters Union and All Its Branches, affiliated to the Steel & Metal Work- ers’ Industrial Union. At 10:30 the strikers filled the headquarters of the Union, 100 W.) 25th St., to capacity and expressed their determination to carry on the strike until the bosses give in to their demands. Many of. those who re- sponded to the strike call had signed the yellow-dog agreement during the past week. Among the speakers was lexank ‘olisiner, tha lawyer of the} | Steel & Metal Workers’ Industrial | . Many of the bosses, anxious to set-| tle, are calling up the Union ii region in terrible debt-slavery for | years. Fear of the share-croppers’ | mion forced both Smith and Ward; to consider it advisable to return the | cut at once. | | 1,000 Laundry | Workers Strike; | Defy Thug Terror NEW YORK.—Police and gangster brutality and arrests failed to stop the spread of the laundry strike called under the leadership of the Laundry Workers’ Industrial Union.) Close to 1,000 worker's are now out in 12 shops, and more. are still coming out. Gangsters hired by the bosses beat up Louis Goodman when he tried to speak to the Mott Haven laundry | drivers, but a group of drivers at that laundry came out on strike just the same. A group of inside workers also joined the strike. Later the manager of the Mott Haven Laundry came to the strike headquarters with @ gang of detectives, and tried to make one driver say he was kid- napped, but the manager did not succeed. Strike headquarters are now at 569| Prospect Ave., 3882 Third Ave., and at the Tremont Workers’ Club, Tre- mont and Third Ave. ATLANTA, Ga., June 26.—Judge ‘Lee B. Wyatt in Fulton County Court refused to set bail for Angelo Hern- don, young Negro organizer of the unemployed, and reserved decision on | the International Labor Defense de- mand for a new trial for him, in a hearing Saturday. Wyatt is the Judge before whom the original trial was held. Judge Wyatt refused the bail on the ground that the evidence against | Herndon, who is under sentence of from 18 to 20 years on the chain gang on a charge of “inciting to in- surrection” “warranted death”. Bail for Herndon eS Refused by Atlanta | Judge Who Tried Him | Evidence Against Negro Youth Who Fought for Jobless “Warranted Death,” Says Judge | | < | | organized Negro and white workers together in a demonstration which foreed county authorities to increase relief, and the evidence against him was that he was in possession of working class literature. Conviction THegal. In a three-hour argument before Judge Wyatt, Saturday, John H. Geer and Benjamin J. Davis, Jr., I. L. D. attorneys, showed that Hern- ton county jury illegally selected ‘rom whites only; that this herring of Ne- groes from the jury co} afy to con- NEW YORK, TUESDAY, JUNE 27, 1933 Murdered Cropper the Henry MacMallin, one of Negroes murdered in the last struggle, at Tallapoosa. Farm hanils and share croppers are again rising against intolerable _ living conditions in Alabama. HEFLIN RANT AGAINST NINE NEGRO BOYS MONTGOMERY, Ala., June 26. Expressing a cruder lynch policy as against the more subtle lynch meth-) ods being followed by Judge James) E. Horton, former U. S. Senator) Thomas J. Heflin of Alabama has| sent the following wire to Attorney- General Thomas E. Knight who is| seeking to electrocute the nine in-| nocent Scottsboro boys: i “I share with you the keen dis- appointment and resentment that) you feel over the strange and an- noying. actiori of Judge Horton in the Scottsboro rape cases, and I will be glad to assist you free of charge in. having Judge Horton relieved from: further consideration of these casess and in haying another ie. appointed to try the ~ Scottsbo! Negroes. This dallying with Scottsboro. rapists is a humiliating and the very worst thing that could happen to law-abiding Negroes of this state. It is putting wicked thoughts in the minds of lawless Alabama. Tet justice be done and done speedily so there will be no more bribing of witnesses and brazen in- in Alabama.” Earlier, in a statement to the press, Knight, whose father wrote | the prevailing opinion of the Ala- bama Supreme Court upholding the original Scottsboro frame-up, de- clared: “The prosecution of | Scottsboro cases will not be abated.” Heflin Prosecuted Croppers. in Alabama, wes chief prosecutor in the recent, Tallapoosa triels which stitutional guarantees was systematic Herndon was arrested because he in Georgia, being railroaded to prison for terms up to 12 years. orker ist Party U.S.A. __ |in the dry goods trade but of all work- Demonstrations Against Fas- cism Are Effective! See Letter on Page 4 from Workers in the Biggest Factory in Berlin! THE WEATHER Tedav—Fatr; mederate temperatere; CITY EDITION « soathwsst winds, DRY GOODS “RECOVERY” CODE SETS STARVATION WAGE LEVELS FOR WORKERS IN 3,500 RETAIL SHOPS Wages of Experienced Male Workers Pushed administrator of the industrial recovery act. The code drawn up by the National Retail Dry Goods A store owners throughout the country, is, as one of | NEW YORK.—Another code which sets starvation wages for tans of thousands workers in the retail dry goods stores has been handed over to General Hugh S. Johnson, Down to Lewest Level of Girls in Dry Goods Shops , Only Program of Struggle Will Smash Down Employers’ Organ- | ized Struggle Against Workers of ssociation, representing 3,800 the framers of the bill would say, “ex- pertly designed to raise pro-®— ‘fits’, and at the expense not.| contains a request that the producing | | only of the workers employed industries actually cut down produc- | j tion and throw thousands out of | work. “It may be temporarily neces- | & sary to place restricting limits on the jaiete; ee ee 4rY | volume of goods produced,” says the | oode sail National Retail Dry Goods Associ- | The workers in the trade had not | ation | | one word to ‘say about wages, hours | All Will Be Hit. | | or conditions. | All workers in the dry goods stores | |. The main purpose of the code is|who will be immediately affected | to bring down the wages of the| when General Johnson puts his O.K. higher-paid male workers to the | to the bosses’ scheme should orga- level of the poorest, paid young fe-|nize their committees to protest male workers. against the starvation wages that the Without stating that the major-|dry goods bosses, through the indus- lity of workers in this trade are trial recovery act, are attempting to | voung girls, the code actually sets aj foist on them. Once the code goes | maximum wage of $12 a week for 48| through, struggle will be harder, hours for these workers. Every shop should haye a negoti- | ers who are still expected to wear Wage Scheme. The complete wage scheme of the retail dry goods code is stated as fol- lows: Experienced male workers in cities of 1,000,000 population in the United States, that is in only six or seven of the largest cities in the country, are to get a maximum wage of $18 a week. Many of these work- | ation and struggle committee to draw | |up demands for discussion among | | the workers, demanding the right of | negotiation under the clause about “collective bargaining” which the dry gocds bosses put into their code. The dry goods bosses, depending on the | lack of organization among the clerks | | and other workers in the stores, are | | counting on rushing the bill through | the! insult to the white race in Alabama} Negro men and greatly increasing) the danger to the white women of | | terferences with court trials for rape} the} ‘Heflin, known to have been for) don was illegally convicted by a Ful-| years a leader of the Ku Klux Klan) resulted in five Negro sharecroppers) ers have families which they are ex- pected to support on this wage in the period of skyrocketting prices, In! smaller cities, the wages step down | ia steam-roller of the “recovery” | administration. Program of Straggle. As a basis for their demands, the for these experienced male workers) retail dry good stores workers | to $15 and $12 a week. “women workers are given the max- should demand: 1) "The right of organization | their own rank and file unions, the down to $11 and $10 a week. right to elect their committees in every store to put forward their demands. 2) The possibility to discuss wage scales and hours, calling for meet- | ings of the workers in all dry good stores. The bosses have already | held their meetings, and are well organized. They now will get the sanction of the government for their starvation wage levels. 3) No firing of workers for or- ganization of negotiation commit- tees to lead the store discussions and to draw up and negotiate de- mands. 4) Recognition of a workers’- elected store commitiee to take up all grievances of the workers. 5) The right of the workers to raise the question of wages at any time, as the cost of living speeds up. in order to break through the attempt of the industrial recovery bill and the National Retail Dry Goods Association to rivet a starv- atton wage on the workers while the bosses go ahead with their price raising schemes. 6) The right of the workers to | organize against a rise in hours, for shorter hours without reduc- tion in pay and against the insidi- ous overtime scheme of the dry goods bosses, under the threat of firing “the” workers. ~ Demand” ex+ tra pay for overtime. Young workers are given’ a maxi- mum wage of $11, stepping down in various cities to $10 and $9 a week The cote gives the bosses the right to slash these wages further. It says that “It is recognized that these sug- gested rates are subject to further | adjustments.” | Before even considering wage rates | the 3,800 bosses, some of them ‘in- cluding large department stores em- ploying thousands of workers, declare they must have an increase in prices of 10 per cent. This hits all workers as well asthe dry goods workers. | Food prices in the past two months, | ing out of the industrial recovery bill | | ymum wage of $12 a week, stepping | | | j credit and economic association, have |gone up 16 per cent, and now the} "'™,, " most ‘necessary articles of clothing | In the first place,” Johnson said, will be shoved up 10 per cent in or- |and ill-informed conjecture that there der, with the appearance of estab-|is some mutual fear between labor lishing a minimum wage rate, to raise | and industry which has slowed up the profits of the retail dry goods|the preparation of industrial agree- bosses. | ments for submission at the present.” The introduction to the dry goods| This refers to the clash which re- 66 Per Cent Drop in Workers’ Income statisticians of the National In- dustrial Conference Board, a wide- | ly-recognized capitalist organization |of economists, has just issued a report showing the first rise in the “cost of living” index since 1930. And the capitalist press is giving this report the widest, publicity, deliberately dis- torting the report in order to -give two false impressions: first, that the | cost of living for the workers has} been declining up to now, and sec- ond, to conceal the real extent of the sharp rise in prices resulting from impact of Roosevelt's inflationary program. ‘The whole purpose of the current ballyhoo is to throw down a smoke- screen, behind which the process of increasing profits for the employers by raising prices and reducing wages can go on, without any_ opposition from the workers to whom ft will mean even more hunger and suffer- ing. Te Roosevelt government repre- senting the interests of the Amer- ican capitalist class and particularly the most powerful section of it, fi- nance capital of Wall Street, is driv- ing grimly trampling the American workers deeper into hunger and suf- fering. This ruthless onslaught can be stopped only by the resistance of the | American workers. So long as they do not organize their forces in the factories, shops and in their unions, the capitalist class will not let up one iota of its hunger drive. The veaders of the “Daily” have the op- portunity of using information such Attempt {> Hide the. ECONOMISTS JUGGLE LI VING COSTS |code submitted to General Johnson sulted when in his very first bul- TO FOOL THE WORKERS shops. In their struggles against the bosses, the workers must he armed to refute the fake “information” of the capitalist economists. 'HE report, according to the news- papers all over the country, is supposed to show that the cost of liv- ing for the working class rose only 0.08 per cent during May, supposedly the first rise since September, 1930. The report also is supposed to show that the cost of living for the work- ers is still 7.4 per cent below last | year, and 27 per cent below 1920. False Figures. ‘These figures, taken by themselves, give a wholly false and distorted pic- ture of the actual situation of the workers. As used by the capitalist press they are deliberately distorted to conceal the appalling starvation and misery of the workers which ex- isted long before 1929, but which have been intensifying without interruption since the beginning of the crisis. The figure used by the capitalist economists called the “cost of living” Note | does not give the slightest indication aa tothe real conditions of the work- ers. 4 Only when we compare the amount of wages paid to the working class during the same period, can we know how the workers live. And this very week's issue of the Annalist, one of the leading publications of Wall St finance capital, publishes data which shows that since 1929, to the present month, the total wages paid out to workers here dropped over 60 per cent | while the “cost of living” figure has dropped only 30 per cent since 1929. | That is, while prices were falling. wages were dropping trwiee as fast! But this does. not tell the whole | story. The above figures do not in- clude the enormous drop in working class income due to the existence of 17,000,000 unemployed workers. The 17 million jobless workers ate left completely cut of the calculations of the urbane statisticians of the capi- talist economic journals. UT there is another report of the National Industrial Conference | Boatd 6t March: (aot given any pub-|uveryday Costs Rising’ licity at all by the capitalist press) ) which does inciude the unemployed in | Real Wages Falling {ts calculations. And this shows that) Ag Dollar Cheapens the actual buying power of the Amer- | aA ican workers, comparing the “cost of | of cotton today soared in stampeding living” figure with the real wages, | buying to over $2 a bale, the highest has dropped this year to less than one | price in two years This can only third of 1929, a crash in purchasing | mean higher prices for bread and Gen. J ohvson Admits Discontent Is Rising power of 66 per cent! In 1929, the workers consumed three times as much as they do now. And in 1929 there was plenty of starvation and misery throughout the country. Prices Rising As Wages Fall. But since the advent of Roosevelt with his open program of cheapening the dollar, wages are dropping as prices are advancing, catching the workers between a mericless ‘scissors’ of declining purchasing power and advancing prices. The wholesale prices of basic com- modities have risen more steeply in the last few months than for any comparable period in the history of the country. Today’s markets swept the price of wheat to a new high for many years, $1 a bushel. The price Huge Drop in Wages As Dividends Soar While wages of the workers have been deeply slashed, and living costs have risen, the strongest sec- tions if the American capitalist class have not done at all badly during the | crisis. ak, With the breaking out of the crisis, the golden flow of dividend and in- | terest, collections increased. The fol- lowing table compiled by the U. 8S. Survey of Current Business shows as {s printed im this article by show- ing it to their fellow workers in the compar only the payments of the largest 1929—$7,584,000,000 1930—$8,592,000,000 1931—$8,520,000,000 1932—$7,200,000,000 For the first three months of this; an all-time high in 1931 of $132,798,- 000. And last year the payments de- clined only a fraction to $107,000,000. And the cash hoards now lying in the coffers of the leading American 1 year, dividend payments were greater corporations are greater now than at this year’s payments totalling $1,125,- try. In 1929, 27 of the leadin’ @r>- 043,000 as against $1,121,000,07. porations, including such companies apres his as U. S. Steel. Allied Chemical, etc., ‘The banks have also been doing had cash or its equivalent totalling very nicely—that is the stockholders | $668,258,000. But in 1982, after three have. Thirty-five of the leading New | years of crisis the same companies York Banks incrqased dividends | had increased their cash to $696,- steadily since the 1928 crash: reaching | 543¢2> Me than the first three months last year, any time in the history of the coun- | | clothes. A survey of the leading cities of | | the country’ shows that the price of | meats has risen from 3 to 15 cents| a pound, round steak from 22 to 33/| cents a pound, pork chops from 18| ™ 29 a pound. Potatoes have gone; up from 10 cents to 14 cents for 5 lbs.| | Fggs have ri from 28 to 39 cents [a dozen and have not shown the | usual seasona! drop. Cream and but- ter have risen, the one from 40 to 60 cents a quart, and the latter from 26 to 34 cents a Ib. Electric Costs Rine. UT the actual cost of living of the workers has been increased not only by the recent advance in prices, but by increases in the cost of basic services throughout the crisis. Electric rates advanced from July, 1929 to April, 1983 by 6.8 per cent. Street car fares advanced in most | cities to 7 and 8 cents. And rents, which showed only a slight decline while wages were drop- ping, precipitately, are now beginning to advance. A survey of the workers of Washington, D. C., shows that the average worker's family now pays 50 per cent of its income for rent, com- | pared with 33 per cent in 1929. More hunger, more wage cuts thru {direct slashes and thru indirect |cheapening of the dollar—more un- jemployment thru speed-up and ra- tionalization economies—this is what lies behind the ‘National Recovery Act”, now being put into operation behind the diligently manufactured clouds of Roosevelt pronasande. 'But Tells Bosses | to Go Ahead ‘and Make Own Wage Scales, Ignoring Labor’s Demands WASHINGTON, June 26.—Admitting that the anti-labor actions grow- are already causing discontent among according to Dunn & Bradstreets, @| the workers, General Hugh S. Johnson was forced to make an oily speech | over the expensive Columbia and National Broadcasting Radio hookup. “there has recently been unfortunate p Ee BSA) letin the general told the bosses to Pay no attention to the so-called collective bargeining clause of the law. As a result of this, the bosses in the basic industries, steel, coal, automobiles, and so on, were prepar- ing to dragoon the workers, by the organization of fake workers’ com- mittees and more stringent company unions. Bosses Do the Agreeing. Yet in the very speech by which he tried to cover this up, General Johnson told the bosses to go ahead | with their codes, without regard to the workers at all. He quoted the | meaning of the law in this respect, saying “It is trade or industrial assool~ ations or groups and not ecombina-~ ions of trade with labor grouns which are to submit codes or agree- ments, and trade associations have heen asked to say im thelr first or basic agreements what the whole industry proposes to do about hours or wages.” When carefully analyzed this means the following for the workers: Without paying any attention to the workers, organized or unorga- nized, the leading bosses are to get together and draw up wage, and condition scales. After they have agreed on the best method of | Making higher profits under the act, and after they have organized them~- selves to smash down opposition of the workers. the code is then handed over to General Johnson, who, acting for President Roosevelt, has the power to use the courts, the police, the army, to force the workers to ace cept and to illegalize strikes or other Struggles of the workers against the bosses’ wage schemes. Try to Stop Organization. General Johnson, in order to stop organization of the workers them~- selves, declared: “It is not the function or purpose of the administration to organize | either industry or labor.” This has a double meaning. John- son’s statement is a blunt lie. The ; bosses are organized, and will be fur- ther organized in their trade organi- zations to ensure a starvation wage, The workers’ are to be kept from or- ganization, except where it is in the interest. of the company unions or where the A. F. of L. best serves | interests of the employers in those im- ‘dustries where it ts already ongenteed,