The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 21, 1932, Page 6

Swdiished vy the Comprodafiy Publishing Ce, inc. deity except Sunday, New York City. N. Y. Adéress and mall all checks to the Daily Worker, 60 Hast 18th Street, New Page Six Telephone ALgonquin 4-7956. -Cadie st 86 Bast ALWORK.” York NOT: ot sunscRterion hates: By mati everywiere: One year, $6; siz montns)'$2; two mont Manhattan and Bronx, New York City. { MASS PROTESTS MUST SAVE ORPHAN JONES of the Court,” Januar ter known as (bet med-up murder there- be hanged by may God have as the infamous bor Defense, which r lace, and trial, persis- hearing on # I issue was raised I. L, D, lawyers It developed that because there a Ist of pened that no he list of n, judge County, ad- the 26 years d never put any ut we never put jury panel. No Negro jury. We simply on a de in open court and is in the 'To Lead the Liberation| Struggles of the Negroes) ginnings of mass work of the. ie for Negro rights, for_| workers in the strug- sedis, and for leading the libera~ of the Negro masses, must be | ed and broadened (a) popue he full Communist program on | question in connection with the on every-day demands and st be intensified; (b) thor- ion of the solution of the | ion in the U. S. S. R., Socialist -| action in the aitonomous Soviet Repub- {| ng the broad Negro masses for. 4 the Soviet Union; (c) broadening g of Negro workers into the Party nions, making red unions the real o work; (d) a broad cam~- | Party as well as in the mass i hite chauvinism and all row practices, ruthlessly ex- hin the Party, not only the | half-hidden and concilia- anteeing the next half-year or a real Yeginning of pene- kK Belt, building the Party and s (first of all, trade unions) the Negroes in the Black ation of the demand for outstanding issue of the € k .—(From the main Plenum resolution, which is printed in full in the Plenum pamphlet, “Toward Revolutionary { Mass Work.”) equal case records. This. is in open. violation of the |. constitution, of guaranteed civil rights, of rece ‘I'm not preju- | ognized court justice as supposed to be adminis- tered in the capitalist courts. It means that southern boss judges have admitted that jim- crow justice is the rule in trials of Negro workers in the South. ‘The, L: D. is making this fact the chief basis for. the appeal—the first time this has ever been |. done. The I. L. D. is now challenging capitalist have been carried out | justice, not in general terms, but on the basis of specific court records and of statements made by the judges themselves. In the trial, in order to give an appeafafice of great impartiality, three judges were put in charge, Judge Gus Grayson, Judge Frank 1. Dunean, who has been quoted, and Judge T. Scott Offutt, who pronounced sentence when the farcical trial was over. Euel Lee had been ace cused of the murder of a rich farmer, Green K. Davis, and of three others of Davis's family, and his conviction took place notwithstanding the fact that Euel Lee steadily protested his inno- cence, and the further fact that no first hand evidence could be produced against him. The murder appears to have been the work of a whisky gang, who sought to cover up their work accusing a Negro. The present situation is that the prosecution is endeavoroing to have the appeal thrown out of court on the ground that it was not filtd within the prescribed time. It. happens that there is a conflict of regulations, the state law requiring appeals to be filed within three months | and the county law requiring’ that they be filed during the court session at which the'trial took place—which means a ‘much shorter: interval. The I. L. D. filed its appeal within one month after the trial, thus more than conforming with the state rule, which ordinarily takes precedence ‘over local regulations. The effort to use this trivial technicality ‘to forbid. the appeal after it had been granted is purely and simply’ boss triékéry to railroad Euel Lee to death in order to prevent the raising .of the issue about. Negro jurors. When Allan Taub, on behalf of the I. L. D., interviewed Deputy Attorney General Willis R. Jones “in Baltimore about the Euel Lee case, during the last ’two days, Jones said, “We. don’t want to have another Sacco-Vanzetti case. We want to. have this thing over..with. in’ May, and~ _ havé\ no’ further time taken up with it,’ Attor- ney Taub has just returned after a ‘thorough examination of the court records in the Court of Appeals, This lets the cat out of the bag...This shows the fear of the lynch bosses that the I. L. D. will foil their murderous schemes. This is why they follow the unusual plan of denying a post- ponement of. trial even when David Levinson, the original chief counsel for Euel Lee, is in a hospital after undergoing an operation. But their hopes of railroading’ Lee before the defense could be ready has.been futile, for the I. L, D. has.Joseph Brodsky, Bernard Ades (just returned from: handling .the Tampa. cases), and--Davie Drucker. in charge of the ease in place of David Levinson, who is sick. Send telegrams! Send. protest resolutions! Demand that the appeal be heard! Stop the legal lynching of Euel Lee (“Orphan Jones”)! Send wires t# Governor ' Albert’ C. Ritchie, Annapolis, Maryland, and to Chief Jus- tice Carrol T. Bond, Court of Appeals, Annapolis, Maryland. Toward Revolutionary Mass Work ( HE Cleveland Di the C. C. Plen ict Plenum, which followed is of great significance for hole. The Plenum made a serious att y out the resolution -in practice. The Plen ed out, as its main weak- to concentrate in the factor- in the steel mills. In the resolution the District Plenum id established that the main ness, the till a Party for the masses he masses,” as it is also { the lower units are not rty in a specific territory, ». The necessity for more per- of the shop nuclei recognized by all, ‘ibution was brought gates from the shop sonal g by the In this re: to the Plenum by the d nuclei, by the comrades from the units in the steel town These comrades brought forward the necessity of developing the methods of work so that the nuclei should be in a position to meet the growing terror.in the mills. The com- vades also spoke against the many internal meetings which are also an obstacle to mass work, Further, the Plenum brought forward all the ‘weaknesses concerning the building of the revo- lutionary unions, especially the Metal Workers’ Industrial League, the failure to penetrate the A. FP. of L. unions, the stagnation of unemploy- ment movement, which in some places is even going backward, The main reason for the slow progress was. given that the resolutions and directives are not coneretized into life, This is due to the lack-of concentration in specific places, because of the tendency of tackling the “whole world at once.” One of the major reasons given for the going ‘ backward of the unemployment movement was The mechanization of the armed forces and the militarization of industry are direcly con- necied with war and call for strenuous ac- tivity in these branches of industry as welt as in the trade unions and other labor or- ganizations connected with them. So far, there is little to show that the Communist have commenced to take up these sks seriously. (From the 6th World C, I. Congress resolu- tion on the struggle against imperialist war. The resolution was recently re-printed in pamphiet form.) By F. B. that the unemployed branches’ became an “ap- pendix” of the charity organizations, they did not dévelop a real struggle for immediate relief, cdtinhected with the struggle for unemployment insurance; - and’ orgaiiizationally after having built the*block committees in a mechanical man- ner, these new forms of organization were let alone without the guidance of the fractions. In general, the discussion pointed out the in- ability to put forward concrete demands, in consultation with the workers, ‘The Plenum was very self-critical in analyz- ing the non-continuity in our struggle for Negro rights, connected with the discrimination agaihst the Negro workers in the factory, the discrim- ination of the Negro unemployed by the charity organizations, the weaknesses in conducting the Scottsboro campaign, and the weak struggle against white-chauvinism. Here, the reason for the failure to develop a mass struggle for Negro rights was found in the lack of understanding of Negro problems in the lower units. This again shows the wide separation between the leading committee and the basic units, in so far as many of the problems remain a monopoly of the top. Further the Plenum also brought forward the weaknesses of the Party in the struggle against the demagogy of the bourgeols parties, especially of the socialist party, and Negro reformists. While the District of Cleveland in one year doubled its membership, however, in analyzing the composition, the Plenum recognized that the Party is still far from rooting itself in. the factoriés, and especially in-the steel mills, that it-is_still.far from overcoming its teelaidons arom, the. masses, The-decision taken for :the eoncentration «in * specific strategic points, the, organizational changes for more personal. contact of the leading comrades with the lower units, in line with the building of real shop nuclei, which will give an example to the whole district, etc, show that the Plenum correctly approached the task con- tained in the ©.C. resolution, understood that , the key to all problems is the changing of the approach _on how the Party must go to the masses in order to. break down the existing isolation. 7 An outstanding example which shows the de- termination of the Cleveland district for con- cretizing the C. C. resolution was characterized by the énthusiasm with which the proposal of the C. ©, and of the District Buro to the Plenum, for_the electing Comrade Amis, a member of the C.C., s Negro comrade, as District Organizer. vA very. serious weakness of the District Plenum was the lack of the discussion’ on the | i DISCUSSION 0 THE 14TH PLENUM Cleveland District Plenum and C.C. Resolution _| this column. The German socialist paper, the “Vorwaeris,” the Japanese ‘iniperialists a pretext for attack, THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN IN PHILADELPHIA | $1; wkvMptINe Boroughs Foreign: one year, $8; elf “monthe” $4.50. ws viekes, spreads the lie that the Soviet Union is mobilizing for war furnishing By BURL By BILL LAWRENCE 'TH the approaching of elections we note a tremendous increase of demagogy. People who make their existence possible through graft ahd. corruption by cheating the workers: daily, suddenly become “friends of the.common people”) ‘and appeal to the workers for their votes. News- papers like the Philadelphia Record on the one / hand agree with the magistrate that Commun- ists are not fit to associate with dogs and‘are undesirable-aliens, and calls editorially to forget the bloody events of April 30, and on-the other hand makes a gesture of “condemnation” against | police brutality and unfortunately succeeds in misleading workers who think that the Phila- | delphia Record is a good and-fair paper. -What.The. Record is actually trying to-do is | to-separate thesCommunists from the workers | and~picture < the “Communists"-as"' an’ isolated group: who are ‘looking for trouble as ‘well’ as trying to create the impression that the May’ Day -demonstration was not- an expression ‘of struggle on the part of the workers, against hunger, imperialist war, and race oppression, and that the elementary: rights of the workers were not involved. Inithe opinion of The Record, the ‘May. Day demonstration was sponsored by a group of Communists who want to enforce the ‘ principles of ‘Sovietism “upon our “holy institu- wer. situation, particularly: the lack. of -discus-- } sion of the organizational ipolitical measures’ in mobilizing the’ masses for struggle sini im- perialist war, The Plenum discussed at. length the’ prob- lem of developing mass work amongst the Ne- groes. The Plenum recognized that the District did not develop in sustained manner the work amongst ;the Negroes. A radical turn in our work on ‘this field was the keynote, of ‘the. speakers. SF To: Study Strike Experiences In-no: field of work are mistakes * s0 persisted’in and. repeated as in. strike. struggles.. One of the reasons for it, is the failure to conscientiously and painstakingly examine self-critic- ally the strike struggles. Each strike experience must be studied and stud- ied from every angle. The resolution of the E.C. C. 1. on LESSONS OF STRIKE STRUG- GLES IN THE U.S. A. MUST BE- COME THE BASIS FOR THE EX- AMINATION OF ALL’ OF OUR STRIKE EXPERIENCES. More than that. The resolution is to be considered as a guide for the devel- opment and leading of strike strug- gles. The 14th Plenum called for a “fur- ther popularization, particularly, of the resolution of the E. C..C. I. on Lessons of Strike Struggles in the U.S.” and this should be also carried through by an “examination of the Kentucky, Needle Trades and more recent strikes.” Many comrades from the lower Party organizations and Leagues participated in the above- mentioned strikes. We urge these comrades to send in brief articles for wae | Record is dictated not only by tions of democracy and destroy the already eratked’ bell of liberty (?) hanging so pitifully inf Independence Hall. Ohe of the’ outstanding tasks of (2 Commu ist “Party: in. the coming eleciions, must. be a sharp struggle against this demagogy, unmask these’ people and present them in their real colors before the eyes of the workers. (We shall return to the Record’s\demagogy in more detail on another -occasion.) At this time, however, ‘it should be clear to the workers of* Philedel- phia that the so-called “liberal” policy of the the desire to ob- tain new-readers, but a definite attempt to fool and mislead the workers whose realization for the necessity for organized struggle as the only means for improving the workers conditions is growing daily and with such phrases as “justice, “equality,” “good government” and “bad govern- mént” consciously try to divert the revolution- ary struggles of the workers into channels of Beaceful submission’ to the miserable condi- tions in which the~ Pniladelphia workers find themselves: today. Undoubtedly these social demagogues. will Lise to misconstrue the issues facing the. Philadel- , phia.s workers and try to make us believe that he main problems in the elections are the Blue Law, clean and honest government, and ‘prohi- bition. Will the. workers. fall for, this ,bunk? Definitely NO! The workers know too well that to speak about honest government in the domain of Bill Vare is just. as possible as. to have an horlest government under Al Capone. Besides, this is not the issue. The issue be- fore the workers in the coming elections are: ‘The eonstant growth of the army of unemploy- ed and the inability and unwillingness of the city..government to provide these jobless with work or unemployment insurance. The issue for the. Philadelphia workers is not ouly to prevent the city administration from the dis- continuing of local relief, but on the contrary, incréase it, for ro workers’ family can live on $3.25. to $4 per week. Unemployment in.'Phil- adelphia has reached such a step, that éven the '| capitalists spokesmen cati no longer hide the distress existing among the jobless. Thus Karl De Schweinitz; executive secretary of the Com- munity Council of Philadelphia, stated before the Senate Committee, that “out of 300,000 otit of work in Philadelphia (these figures are grosé- ly/ underestimated as ‘the unemployed ‘in Phil- -adelphia-reach 500,000—B.L.)' 55,000 families are réceiving relief with funds so low that the ayer~ age amount available for a’ faniily in need ‘is only $4.23 a wéek, of which $3.93 goes for food, and this is ‘starcely two-thirds of the estimated aniount needed to sustain health.” Unemployment Grows Unemployment is constantly; on the upgrade and prospects for improvement in the future-are rather slim.. Dr. Joseph H. Willits, Director ‘of the. Department of.-Iridustridl Research ‘of. the Wharton School of Finance and Commerce of the University of Pennsylvania; is forced to ad- mit, that “the situation grows no better. These figures which picture the unemployment situa- * tion as of March.15, show a heavy increase in the number of unemployed compared to the fig- ures-of the preceding month. ; 6,000 additional workers lost their jobs between February 15 and March 15. The figures are particularly distress- ing as this is the season of the year which us- usually brings a good increase in. employment due. to seasonal causes. This year that increase ig missing., Charts and graphs ‘made from these tigures show the unemployment line still soar- ing upward with nothing to indicate wheh the , peak may come.” With this forced admission of this bourgeois Spokesman it is evident that the demand of local ‘relief and unémployment insurance at the expense of the state and émployers, must be- come the major issue in the election campaign. The Struggle For Negro Kights 3 Without overlooking the importance of a bit- ter struggle against the wave of wage-cuts, the next important problem for the Philadelphia workers is the ‘systematic campaign of the city administration and police department of frame- ups and discrimination against Negro workers. Fearing the unity of white and black toilers, the Philadelphia administration has undertaken a conscious and prepared campaign against the Negro masses and for the last few weeks the Philadelphia press are talking about “Negroes attacking white women.” The discrimination against Negro masses on the job, in handing out relief and. barring of Negroes from varlous so-called \public institutions, is 6 commen Meaoae fact. Sa et On Friday, April 29, a reeeption fon war moth- ers.ayaS_held, but’ when, Mrs.’ Bila) P, ‘Matthews, with ‘two other Negro war ‘mothers appeared, they, were told that no colored were allowed. sending their sons to fight for “their” country and get Kkilled.on the battlefields of .France...... spite of the attempt of the bourgeoisie to a nationality, the growing unity .and the, desire fora joint struggle is increasing daily. - It is this struggle that the.city administration issfear- ing so. much. ‘The 'City. treasury is bankrupt. Unemployment.is on the increase. Restlessness among the workers is growing and the’ ‘city knows that if sométhing is not done; the work- ers will/act. In its desperation to find a way out of the situation, the city, administration has chosen the road of terror, Through térror, and persecution the city rulers. hope to check the growing militancy of the workers and» behead the workers, from their leadérship by attacking the Communist Party. |. Ales ae This explains-the attack on the wotkers iat’ the May Day demonstration, tie arrést of workers at meéetings.and for. distribution of, legfitts,, tis raiding pf working Class organization: offices, ete. Thus another, important issye for the Ptiladél- phia workers in ‘the coming’ eieétions is ‘the struggle against bosses’ terror. The siruggle against the terror does not only invoiye the right of the Communist Party to exist as a legal party, but it-ihvolves the very eleméntary ‘interests of the Philadelphia workers and that is, struggle for thé right to live.: ‘The'above are some of thé problenis fating the Philadelphia workers’ in the coming elections. What’ must the! workers do? ‘What is ‘the solu- | tion? It is clear that outside of a poli¢enian’s club ‘and: jailing, the workers -have ‘nothing to expect from the Republican administration, SP. Alds Bosses Will, the. Socialists help? Isn’t it a fact the Socialists, vat approval to the ¢hi of the workers. by by. voting agaist 9 motion ing to ee tise 'in’ the daitarhn level of the “Russian imagsés! since tHe “Revolution: is nowhere’ so Clearly indi¢ated as, in the récently released fig- | Ufes on .newspaper.ciréulation in the Soviet Union. i} aay ‘ There. are ‘today , m the USSR. 2,230 news- papers. with a total circulation of 33,000,000 cop- ies. Some of these, are dajlies, others are pub- lished * every three days | and some every week— five’ days.” This means’ that in 1932 there, are three "tits: as mAny‘hewspapers as in 1914 and ten times g§ many Teadets. And the chief reason why more newspapers are not published is ‘the inability of the Soviet paper ‘making {eidastry to catch up with the demand. A unique feature of the Soviet press ‘is the sending of photographic transcripts of the Mos- cow “Izvestia” to ‘Léningrad, where the paper is’ reprinted for' local readers On the, same day. Airplanes are used*to’ c: the matrixes of. the Pravda and Ievesiia to far comdrs of the wort érs’ républic, where ‘these papers are reprinted. Pravda, the official organ of the Communist Party of the USSR. has a ‘circulation “of 2,200,000—the: largest daily ‘newspaper in» the world, ' Izvestia’s readers number "2,000,000. "In capitalist countries there are genera! news- papets put dut for thé otdinary readers and also specials newspapers for railroads, steel indus ry and the like. * The latter are very limited in clrctlation. In the Soviet’ Unio these news- papers that specialize‘in'a certain plase of in- dustry are huge ‘esvablishihents ‘with’ hund?eds of thousands and sometimes millions of readers. For instance, of the thirty newspapers published in Mostow there are dailies published by the State Planning Commission, another by the De- partment of Heavy Industry, a third by the De- partment of Agriculture." Besides this latter.ag- ricultural paper, Moscow’ is'slso'the home Peasants’ Gazette, issued in over 3,009,000 se the workers on the basis‘ of ' race: ‘and. hat” i | million people: oe 4 Nice, Clean Garbage A worker of Berkley, West Virginia, writes that he attended a meeting of the: Associated Charities, and it seems that he found out the purpose of the next campaign of that organi- gation of belly robbers to be a drive for sanitary garbage, Grover Hedriek, head of the Raleigh County Bank afd mayor of the town, told the assem- biy. how. “nice people came in the night and stole garbage from his garbage can,” and he declared they told him “We knew your gar- bage was clean,” ‘There seems to be no other purpose in the story of this ‘mayor-banker, but to advocate free removal-of-garbage by a campaign to teach all Capitalists t6-miake their garbage as clean as possible, Thus insuring fits removal by the une employed... “3 4 ‘Those teatode take garbage and thank the capitalistsfor-teaving it clean may be “nice people,” but if the capitalis.s think that twelve millign -wovkexss—and. their families are forever going tovbe-“nice? like that, they are due to be disillusioned. Yet; for all that, it depends upon what: we; the-revolutionary workers, do or don’t do..in. organizing these masses for struggle against gatbaze, clean or dirty, and for social insurance... .* > Contempt Of Court ‘Didn't, notice any, capitalist government oiti- cial getting all worked up against the jingoes who were. sendii legrams. and letters. of: |pro- test. to the Governor of Hawaii, and| demand- ing. of Congress a pardon for the Massie Killers, did you? oo Of course, not. That ‘was not “contempt of court.” > But it. is “contempt of court” -to send a, telegram. or. letter of. protest to Alabama. offi- ciels dewanding the release of the Negro boys of’, Séotisboro, victims. of: imperialist onypenties of the Negi. nation. « Negro, workors;and smal] farmers,. ava have nowtroudle-ar-seeing’ that their bourgeois mis- leader's argon the side of the enemy when they preach, trust.in ‘the ‘courts of their oppressors, | an@r repudiate the:demand raised«by- the Com- | munists~-for-self-determination -in the Black Belt. therrighb-of « sthies Négro. people to choose their.own government, even to separate their CopLitiy; Hoh} the United, States. low can the Sepcnren have anything but grant” a ‘permit’ to “demonstrate on May Pirst? Isn't it a fact thet, Mr. McKeown, leader of the Socialists'in this city, was instrumental in giving ,@ 85 per cant: wage cut) to the hosiery workers? What is the position of the Socialist. Party on the frathésiips and dis¢rimination against Negro workers? STsn't ite fact that the Jewish Socialist Forward’ came, out- and, branded Willie. Brown, the framed-up ‘Negro youth, as a murderer, and not only did-the Socialists not lift a finger on behalf of this framed-up Negro .youth, but through their publicity in the press, actually gavé their. support to the legal lynchers of the Negro ‘masses... «- In the coming elections the Communist Party alone Offers-a program of struggle oi class against class. =n the ar? outstanding demands, such as: 5 a Unemployment. and sdasias insurance at the ‘expense of the state and employers. ne Hoover's wage-cutting policy. 3. Emergency felief for the poor farmers, ‘without - restrictions -by. the’ government and banks; exemption of poor farmers from taxes, and from forced collection of rents or debts. 4. Equal rights’ for the Negroes and self- determination for the Black Belt. 5.° caplialist terror; against all forms of suppression of. the political rights of the workers: 6. Against perialist war; for the defense of the Chinese people and of the Soviet Union, The Communist Party makes clear its position on. the problems confronting the working class. These: demands certainly apply in full force to the conditions.-existing in» Philadelphia. ‘The | Workers of-Philattelphia will see in these demands of the Conuniinist Party a solution to their pres- fit day probleiis and immediate needs, and will express their solidarity and readiness to rally around these demands. every three i The trade unions and ‘the Young unist: League also have their daily newspapers. Lenin always stressed that the workers’ news~- paper must-be--based on worker ‘correspondence, And the exiéténce' of a workers’ and peasants’ correspondente-movement, with 2,000,000 mem- bers and active contributors to the Soviet. press, shows that this -Leninist idea is carried out. in the Soviet Union. These are the workers who dig up ¢asés of bureaucracy, of mismanagement, expose the “breaks” in the Five-Year Plan and are;a vital part of Socialist construction. The Soviet press is based .on worker. corre- poten =ltts based on the needs and de- tres bf the mhasses. ‘This is the difference be~ ween, a»workers’ press ond a capitalist dope t. And therefore the Soviet press does not d 18 pages-on a Lindbergh case, as did the New Yorle:-World-Telegram; crime is not’ fea-" tured. (Besides lewspapers there are thousands. lve and state farm papers. of Rogen gts " ekinoane newspapers with presses on trains which go through, the coun- try sceking. to ag out aula and have them cotrected.. ~ a ‘And, lastly,-there are foreign 1, yuage news- papers for workéts from other c intries. Uy till bwo. weeks there were two English papers in Moscow. ‘A. weekly and one put out every othe: day. “These ‘have been merged into a daily paper. "There: also is a German newspaper. Six Hundred newspapers in sixty different lan- guages ‘lcad,~organize and build the lives o: various natidiidlities in the ifaion. Before the revolution thésé people had no press, could noi tead. ae It can truly ‘be said that the Russian Revolu- tion’ Ree Ss cultural possibilities of 166 AS