The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 30, 1931, Page 6

Page Two DAILY WORKER, NEW YOR, _ATURDAY, MAY 380, lygs1 Life In the Soviet Territory in China (From Chinese Worker Corre- spondents,) IN the Soviet Districts in Fukien Province, all workers and peas- ants, male and female, old and young, are heartily supporting the Soviet Regime. The reactionary Kuomintang leaders can do noth- ing than sigh before the Red ad- vance as the repeated attacks on the Red Army resulted in the wholesale surrender of the white troops to the Reds. * * J Zhe confiscated land was dis- tributed to the peasants and the poor according to the number of persons in the family. All of them were glad to get land and many were so happy that they shed tears of joy. The maimed and aged persons and the families of the Red soldiers who can not cul- tivate the land are supporied by the Soviet government. All the extortionate taxes and _ duties were abolished except that the peasants should pay the harvest tax with 5 per cent of their prod- ucts from the land. Clear Out Reactionaries. To clear out the reactionaries is one of the most determined and en- ergetic activities carried out by the masses themselves. Nearly all the reactionaries were arrested by the guidance of the masses. Having been arrested, they were tried by the Reactionary Exterminating Committee and the decision was to be approved at a mass meeting in regard to their penalty. In case they were really counter-revolu- tionary, they had to be executed in the presence of the masses, . * * All male and female workers and peasants from sixteen to forty years of age have joined the Red Guards and all those from six to fifteen, have joined the Children Bands and Youth Vanguards. The Red Guards and Youth Vanguards are the forces to protect the local so- viet power and at the same time are reserves of the Red Army. All members of the various com- mittees of the Soviet are elected by and from among the broad masses. Those peasants who could hardly address an audience previously are now able to make a political re- port. The peasant women who had been too shy to appear in public are now bold enough to be chair- men of the women associations. All the policies and actions In the Soviets have been under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The masses pay great respect to the Party mem- bers. Many women express the desire that their children would be active Yarty members and functionaries in the Party. Though there is lacking compe- tent teachers and suitable text- books at present, the Soviets have tried their utmost to establish many Leninist schools for the children of the workers and peasants. A Lenin University is being established to train political and military leaders. Besides there are many coopera- tives, and public hospitals where the peasants can be treated with- out charges. e - * . The mass meetings in the So- Peng Pei Comrade Pel was murdered by ‘Chiang Kai-shek last year. was an outstanding leader in the ‘peasants movement and a mem- ber. of the Central Committee of This is 2 mass meeting of the workers taken when Changsha fell to the Red Army in August of 1930. When the white army recaptured Changsha it massacred 4,000 workers and peasants, many of those pictured here, for their support of the Changsha Soviets. of the hammer and sickle. Note the red flags with the sign viets are inspiring. On August 1, 1930, for instance, the Soviet dis- trict in Western Fukien held a very impressive mass meeting which is typical in all Soviet dis- tricts. The number of the par- ticipants was over twenty thou- sand, a surprisingly large number, considering the size and popula- tion of the district. The peasants attended the meeting even from twenty miles away. They carried guns and old-type weapons. Very stimulating speeches were made by the chairman ofthe Soviet, secretary of the Communist Par- ty, commander of the Red Army, Rally to Save the Lives of Liand Sheih! By M. JAMES Wax Chiang Kai-shek and other militarists of the Kuo- mintang together with world impe- rialism are butchering hundreds of thousands of Chinese workers and peasants in China for their revolu- tionary activities, American impe- rialism enlarges its murderous role by prosecuting, arresting and de- porting militant Chinese workers and students in the United States to China for execution by its run- ning dog, Chiang Kai-shek. This has been clearly evidenced in the cases of Comrade T. H. Li in New York and Comrade Sheih Chang in San Francisco, both are now held for deportation to China on account of their revolutionary activities. These cases are not isolated nor accidental. They are rings in the chain of imperialist attacks on the foreign born workers, the Negro workers and the working class in the United States as a whole. The Scottsboro Case, the Patterson Frame-up, the Yokinen Case, the Saul Case, the threatened deporta- tion of Murdock, Devine and Berk- man, the Bebrics Case, the Serio Case, the Machado Case, the Keno- matsu Case and the mass deporta- tion cases are all part and parce! of the whole capitalist offensive. Comrade Li was arrested on De- cember 4, 1930. His only “crime” is that he believes and participates in activities against capitalism. His legal status as a bona fide student which entitled him to stay in the U. S., was illegally brushed aside by the immigration authorities. After he was bailed the immigration au- thorities in. New York demanded his surrender at Ellis Island for de- portation on the following day on the steamer “Creole” to China via San Francisco. Only with mass support and protest was the Inter- national Labor Defense able to se- cure a writ of habeas corpus to de- lay the intended murder. Now American imperialism has boldly brushed aside the mass pro- test from all parts of the country against Li’s deportation and de- cided to confirm the decision of the immigration authorities to deport Li to China, The I. L. D. with mass support and pressure is again able to se- cure thirty days for appealing the and the representatives of the workers and peasants organiza- tions. A parade after the meet- ing was filled with revolutionary spirit. Some of the typical slo- gans were: “Fight Against Impe- rialist War,” “Defend the Soviet Union,” “Support the colonial revolutionary movement,” “Down with the Kuomintang and Impe- rialism,” “Long live the Chinese Soviets,” etc. Issue Money in Kiangsi. In many respects, the conditions of the Soviets in the southwestern part of Kiangsi Province are the case to the Supreme Court. Why Chang Was Jailed, In the case of Comrade Sheih Chang in San Francisco, the basic reason underlying the threatened deportation is the same as in Li’s case. Comrade Sheih was arrested last summer due to his revolution- ary activities. He was bailed out by the International Labor Defense in San Francisco, On May 13, he was demanded to surrender to An- gel Island for immediate deporta- tion to China, The I. L. D. got the writ of habeas corpus and is pre- paring to appeal the case. The rea- son why the immigration authori- ties demanded Comrade Sheih’s surrender on May 13 was very sig- nificant. Comrade Sheih, after he was bailed out and prior to his sur- render, instead being intimidated by the prospective deportation, in- tensified his revolutionary activi- ties one hundredfold. He was the moving spirit of hundreds of the unemployed Chinese workers in San Francisco, organized into a Chinese branch of the Unemployed Council afilliated to the Trade Union Unity League. He and other leaders led these unemployed Chi- nese workers to storm the Chinese “Six Companies” (the Civil Goy- ernment in Chinatown, composed mainly of rich Chinese merchants) | demanding unemployment reliefs. Hunders of Chinese unemployed workers in San Francisco signed the Unemployment Insurance Bill put forth by the Communist Party. During the recent. Laundry Workers Strike in San Francisco, Comrade Sheih was the agitator, organizer and leader. His activities naturally attracted the . attention and hatred of the Chinese and American capitalists, the Kuomin- tang, the semi-feudal organizations in Chinatown and American impe- rialism. The result was that these reactionary forces combined to de- mand his surrender for deportation to China... In both cases of Li and Sheih, there are far-reaching significances in addition to the intended cold- blooded murder of our fighters. First, these cases, together with many others, mean imperialist in- tensified offensive against the working class applying increasingly fascist methods. — Second, the intensification of de-’ same as those in Fukien Province. In the Soviets in Kiangs!, however, there have been paper money is- sued by the soviets. The soviet Dilis have been widely circulated. On the bills are pictures of Marx and Lenin. Thousands of persons have exchanged their cash for the bills. the poor class.” Their faith in the soviet currency. The bills are made of Chinese maney and are not so beautiful, yet the workers and peas- ants said, “These notes really rep- resent the paper money issued by the poor class.” Their faithin the soviet notes reflects unmistakably their confidence in the soviet gov- portations and lynching is a worked out plan of imperialism to divide up the working class by playing the white against the Negro, the native born against the foreign born and vice versa. Third, it is important to note that, with the clear knowledge of the perfect legal status of Li and Sheih to stay in the U. S., the Kuo- mintang minister to Washing and the Chinese consuls in New York and San Francisco agreed heartily but silently with the American im- perialists to send these boys bagk to ‘China for execution. In fact, as revealed in Sheih’s case, the Kuo- mintang actively participated in the persecution of Shieh. Fourth, the so-called “left” Wing of Kuomintang also joined in the attack on the Chinese revolutionary workers in general and on Li and Shieh in particular. The National- ist Daily in New York and San Francisco, the organs of the “left” Wing of the Kuomintang in Amer- ica, have repeatedly attacked the leaflets distributed and meetings organized by the Chinese Commit- tee for the Protection of the For- eign Born. Fifth, with regard to Li’ case, Husband, the assistant secretary of the Labor Department, stated that, “In cases like that of Li Tao-Shu- an, where aliens actively engaged in efforts to overthrow the U. S. government by force of violence, it is not felt that the plain terms of law should be set aside in order that the aliens concerned may ac- cept the invitation of any govern- ment which condones the activities of the Third International...” This is a concrete evidence of hostility, provocation and war preparation against the Soviet Union by Ameri- ean imperialism! Defeat These Methods! These manoeuvres and fascist methods must be defeated and stopped by revolutionary support of the broad masses to the defense of Li and Sheih. With the open offen- sive declaration of Husband, who wouldn’t have made the statement unless he secured the support and instruction of American finance capital, the working class must close our ranks to save the lives of these two militant Chinese revolu- (CONTINUED ON PAGE FIVE) ernment. There are peasants banks helping the poor peasants lending them money with very low rate of interest. Last spring, the French impe- rialists sent many aeroplanes to bomb the Soviet ingLunchow, on the border of Indo-China. The anti-imperialist sentiment spread all over China. Especially in the soviet districts, great mass dem- onstrations took place against the imperialists. For instance, an armed mass demonstration was called on the western shore of the Kan River of Kiangsi Prov- ince with fifty thousand people participated, all of whom carried arms and red flags, shouted the revolutionary slogans and sang revolutionary songs. The white forces on the other bank of the river were so scared by the spirit that they immediately went away. * * * The masses around the Soviet districts are very well aware that the Red troops are their own troops and the white troops are their en- emies. So, when the Red Army comes to their town, they provide them with tea, rice and other things to welcome them. When the Red Army engaged in battles with the white troops, many peasants spontaneously helped the Red Army and many women organized them- selve into relief corps to rescue the wounded soldiers and carried them to their homes. At other times, these women washed and repaired the clothes of the soldiers of the Red Army. In case the white troops came, the peasants went with the Red Army and hid their grains in the mountains so that the white troops were forced to retreat on account of the lack of food. Soviet Influence Spreads, The political influence of the So- viets has widely extended to the non-Soviet districts. The peasants in the non-Soviet districts have sent delegates to the Soviets to ask the Red Army to help them wipe out the white troops. The Chinese girls and women in the non-soviet territory in general have no liberty to divorce their husbands who mistreat them, They are oppressed by their parents-in- law and work all day and night long. Girls and women in the Soviet districts have been completely emancipated, being equal with men economically, politically and soclal- ly. So many women in the non-So- viet districts escaped to the Soviets to breathe the atmosphere of a new world. ‘The revolutionary spirit among the women in the Soviets is very admirable. Not only that they cheerfully undertake the work of couriers, nurses, transporters, etc., but some of them are brave enough to join in the Red Army and be- come fighters in the front. Even the children understand the significance of the, Soviets. They are excellent messengers for the So- viets. They understand that when there are three crosses on the en- velopes, they are urgent and im- portant letters, they must be very carefully handled and promptly sent. Sometime ago the children met the white troops on the way, they rather suffered death than to give up the letters to their enemies. Chen Kien Comrade Kien was murdered by Chiang Kai-shek during the past year. He was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,