The Daily Worker Newspaper, May 30, 1931, Page 12

Page Bight i Miri Kazakstan peasants who for the first time in their lives see a railroad switch and Iearn how to work it. A scene on the Turk-Sib Railway, built by the Soviet workers, now threatened by attack from French and British imperialism. WUE, Inn We, YORI aUbeir ay ivacaan Uv, aAvuL ——— The completed bridge across the river Ha. The Soviet Turk-Sib Railway----A Sore Spot for Imperialist War-Mongers Kazak workers putting the finishing touches on the Turk-Sib Railway, now the object of the greedy eyes of imperialism who fear the advance of the Five Year Plan in the Soviet Union. — Surveyors for Machine-Gun Routes By WANG MEI. URPORTING to be “scientific” and “trading” expeditions, but most obviously constituting purely military spying and survey ven- tures, two expeditions, one British and one French, have already set forth with. the intention of cross- ing through and working from Sin- kiang Province, Chinese Turkestan, along the whole frontier of Soviet Russia parallel with the Turk-Sib Railway. The advance aerial party of the British expedition left London in early March, and the motor-lorry section is to leave Tientsin in the coming July, crossing North China and joining the first group at Yarkand, Eastern Turkestan. The French expedition also left The Work Goes On Bringing up a girder for a bridge on the Turk-Sib Railway. Paris the first week in March. De- tails of both expeditions are given in the Peking & Tientsin Times of March 27, the Shanghai Evening Post of March 31, and the China Press of March 11. Military Men at Head. The British expedition, which purports to be for “trading” pur- poses, is headed by a military man, Lieutenant-Colonel J. E. Stewart, formerly of Tientsin, China, who speaks Chinese fluently and has made many surveys of various parts of Turkestan. The aerial survey party has already left London and the survey airplane will be flown over the air mail route to India. In the middle of June it is sched- uled to cross over Kashmir, then over Karakoram Mountain range of 13,400 feet altitude. This territory from the Indian side is prohibited area for other than airplanes connected with the British War Ministry; permission has been given to the “trading” ex- pedition, however, to fly over this route and use British aerlal war bases on the frontier. The chief air base of the expedition will be at Yarkand (Jarkand) in far East- ern Turkestan—north of Kashmir, southeast of Kashgar, and not far from the Soviet Union frontier. The motor transport section of the Brit- ish expedition is scheduled to leave Tientsin in July, traverse North China in seven British motor lor- ries, pass through Kwei Hua, across Ordos and Alashan territory of southern Mongolia, and finally join the first group at Yarkand. This party is equipped with a mobile dark room for the development of photographs, a portable cinemato- graph projector, a repair shop, an electric generator, a portable oil re- fining plant, charts, -maps, etc. Among its members are experts who will not only make geographic surveys, but also ground surveys, examine oil deposits and bore for water. The motor lorry caravan plans to prepare airplane landing bases for the survey airplane at Yarkand, after which a part of it will serve as tender to the airplane on its long flights, taking petrol and sup- plies and receiving its photographic negatives for development. The expedition plans to spend 18 months in Sinkiang, making ex- haustive aerial surveys of a terri- tory much of which is barren and of which little is known. It will sur- vey the slopes of Kwen Lun and Tian Shan (Thian Schan Pelu) mountain ranges which border the Takla Makan desert, the airplane working along the fringes of the Takla Makan desert as far west as Lob Nor. Both the northern and southern slopes of the Tian Shan mountains will be surveyed. Urum- chi, a town lying on the northern slope of the Tian Shan, will con- stitute the second base of the ex- pedition, of equal importance with Yarkand. The British reports state that “most important in the trad- ing (military) sense of the word are the Dzungaria (Dsungarei) and the slopes of the Tian Shan on _ the north and the southern fringe be- tween Tarkand and Loh Nor.” THE OBJECTIVE The “trading” importance of the Dzungaria lies in the fact that it directly borders Soviet Russian territory and is the point nearest to the newly-built Turk- Sib Railway. The report further states that “over the whole period of 18 months the expedition will collecting information which may afterwards be placed at the dis- posal of appropriate trading in- terests in England... The diffi- A Letter from the Soviet Union By EDWARD WING. (Editorial Note—Comrade Wing, a militant Chinese young worker, who was persecuted and held for deportation by the Immigration Of- fice on account of his unrelenting revolutionary activities. The Inter- national Labor Defense and other mass organizations, however, suc- ceeded in securing his “voluntary” departure to the Soviet Union. The following letter was just received by the Alliance of the Chinese Anti- imperialists in America, from Com- rade Wing.) Dear Comrades and fellow workers: I am one of the revolutionary Chinese workers who have been de- ported by the American Immigra- tion Office with the royal aid of the Kuomintang apparatus in America. The purpose of American imperial- ism an dits lackey, the Kuomin- tang, was to deport me directly to China for execution. My case is not an exceptional one. American imperialism wants to deport not only the revolutionary Chinese workers, but all “alien” militant workers of all nationalities. This is evidently the united front of world imperialism to take an offen- sive attack on the international working class and poor farmers and to wage war against the Soviet Union. “Close Our Ranks.” Fellow workers, our answer to in- ternational imperialism and _ its hirelings, the Kuomintang and oth- ers, must be: close our ranks, join the revolutionary trade unions of the Trade Union Unity League, join the International Labor Defense, join the Communist Party, and wage ruthless attack on the united white front of world imperialism and its lackeys. The Communist Party is the party of the working class, the leader of the T. U. U. L., the I. L. D. and other mass organ- izations The Communist Party is the Vanguard of the revolutionary movement against international imperialism. AS @ result of mass protest and pressure, led by the Communist Party, the I. L. D. and other mass organizations, I was taken away from the jaws of American imperi- alism and the Kuomintang. Be- sides, the Soviet Union extended its welcome me. With the. help o the L & D. and many fellow wirktys, I was able to depart for and safely arrive at the Soviet Union. It is now about one month since I came here. The following are some of the experiences I got during my short stay in the Soviet Union: When I arrived in Moscow, not only were there no such things as questions and examinations by the “immigration office;’ but that the workers who easily noticed my un- familiarity with the country, all showed signs of comradely welcome. This made me recollect the savage treatment rendered me by the im- migration office in the U. S. A. and the inhuman life I had to lead in the County jail in Los Angeles. I still can picture hod American imperialism and its running dog, the Kuomintang in America sup- press and oppress the Chinese and other “alien” workers. Visits Factories Since I came to Moscow, I have visited a few big factories, The conclusion I got from what I ob- served is that the Soviet Union is the government for the interests of the working class with the sym- pathy and support of the farmers and toiling masses, These are some of the facts I got when visiting the factories: 1. The organization of the factory is the clearest expres- sion of democratic centralism, with the shop nuclei of the Communist Party and the Young Communist League, trade unions and various other organizations, 2. Equal pay for equal work is the rule and prac- tice. Besides, the workers get ad- ditional subsidy for rent. 3. The working day, as we have always heard, is the continuous five-day week and sever-hour day. There is no sabath day or Sunday as in the capitalist countries. Every worker works for five days and gets a full day of rest on the sixth. Continuously, the factories operate every day with many workers get- ting rest every day. 4. There is no “boss” in the factory. The work- ers rule themselves. But you would not be surprised to see how well organized they are: the units in the departments, and in turn, the departments in the factory, carry on socialist competition, which is @ new form of labor that you can never find in the capitalist coun- tries. 5. The treatment of the workers are out of the dream and reach of the workers exploited by wage-slavery under the capitalist system. Every worker here is en- titled to one month’s rest during the year. A woman worker is al- lowed four weeks vacation before and after her giving birth to a child. There are hospitals, schools, nurseries, libraries, rest rooms, res- taurants, etc., in the factories at the disposal of the workers. 6, So- cial insurance against sickness, ac- cidents, etc., is well provided with for all workers. 7. Rents are paid in proportion to the wages and the workers are given cards for securing the necessities of life. 8. Unemployment has been liquid- ated. These are but a few of the many things I can tell you here, On May First Something about May First in the Soviet Union: 1. On the eve of the International Labor Day, every factory, every mass organit- zation, and every school held cele- bration meetings. 2. In the fore- noon on May First, all street cars in the city stopped running and parades from various quarters gath- ered around the “Red Square.” 3. The number of workers in the parade was more than one million strong. 4. The spirit of the demon- stration was inspiring: the whole city was a sea of red flags, revolu- tionary songs echoed continuously thruout the city, suggestive figures were enacted to picture the dying agony and desperation of interna- tional imperialism, the heroic strug- gle of the proletariat and the toil- ing masses against capitalist ex- Ploitation, the accomplishment of the gigantic Five Year Plan in four years, etc., etc. Many danced in the streets. Many sang the Inter- national, the Red Flag, the Red Army and other revolutionary Songs. The soaring of many air- plane above was particularly stim- ulating. 5. Factories and cooper- atives declared two days of holiday. I personally joined in the parade and could not help thinking of the contrast pictures of the demonstra- tion here and in the imperialist countries Fellow workers, we must wake up! We must join the Communist Party, the revolutionary trade un- ions of the Trade Union Unity League, the Unemployed Councils, the International Labor Defense and the Anti-Imperialist League to wage a fatal blow to our common enemies, This is our only way out! Moscow, May 3, 1931, culties of later transportation from Kashgar through the Him- alayan Passes will confront great difficulties, but they will have to be overcome and “possibly the so- lution will have to be sought in aerial transport.” Simultaneously with this British venture in Chinese territory, the French have sent out what purports to be a “scientific” expedition of 37 men, 7 of whom are Chinese, to pass through Eastern Turkestan also. They claim that they will study geographical conditions, manners and customs of the in- habitants of western China, north China, and Indo-China, It also is Bill Shatoff An American worker who sup- ervised the building of the Turb- Sib Railway. equipped with radiograph and cine- matograph. The French group left Paris March 3 and is travelling by seven caterpillar cars via Arabia, Persia, Afthanistan, and into Chi- nese Turkesthan. It will traverse the same route as the British expe- dition in Sinkiang, travelling along the Chines-Soviet border directly parallel with the Turk-Sib Railway. The Chinese members of the Party, however, will not be with them there, but will leave Peking, trav- elling through Shensi, meet the French members enroute and re- turn with ‘them to Peking. They will then accompany them to Sai- gon, Indo-China, and thence re- turn to Shanghai. Prepare for War. These so-called trading and sci- entific expeditions come in the footsteps of a campaign that has been waged for many months in China, about the “danger” of the Turk-Sib Railway. The December and January issues of the powerful monthly, the Far Eastern Review, which is said to be the organ of British and Japanese interests, but edited by an American, carried ex- tensive articles with complete maps of the Turk-Sib Railway, alleging it to be a “menace to China.” The present British expedition is her- alded in the British press in China as being undertaken to safeguard “China,” against this “menace.” The expedition is not at all unlike the notorious Younghusband expe- dition from India ‘into Tibet in 1904, by which Tibet became prac- tically a protectorate of British In- dia, in fact if not in law. This is part of the preparations for war against the Soviet Union