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DAILY WORKER, New YORK, SATURDAY, JULY 19, 193 > Page ASCIST TERROR REIGNS \ FINLAND WHILE ANTI- SSR WAR PLAN GROWS dnap Workers and Peasants Who Conduct Militant Struggle Finnish Masses Prepare Demonstration Against Imperialist War August 1 SNINGRAD (LP.S.).—On June |haelae, were kidnapped in Repola he chairman of the Finnish trade | Tuuliwaara and driven over the n cartel, Isak Heikka, was ar-|frontier. The deputy was terribly ed by the police in a train at |mishandled and had to be taken to railway station of Ylivieska. | hospital. The deputy, Emil Tabell was then handed over by the po-|of Kin, was put over the ‘rontier to a group of civilians whojnear Uchtua. The secretary of the red him over the Soviet fron’ ‘er | Finnish Leather and Rubber Work- n automobile. He was beaten up jers’ Union, Arvo Lechto, was kid- drunken fascists on the way and een in Helsingfors and put over atened with death. On the |the frontier. ning of June 18 he was dragged | On June 16 the carpenter, Aarne t the Finnish frontier guards and | Hiltunen, and the carpenter, .Jman- en over the Soviet frontier. juel Juuti, were kidnapped whilst re- | in the evening of June <7 the |turning from work. They were bru- sant deputy, Juho Peraclae, was | tally mishandled by the fascists and japped in his house in Teuvo by | put over the frontier on June 17. fascists. Although he suffers |The blasksmith, Yrjoe Maekelae 6! rely from rheumatism in the |Loima, a member of the town coun- REVIEW WHALEN FORGERIES FOR WAR ON SOVIET Fish’s Secret Session to, | Workers Center Carries Slogans for August 1;PQRTER TO TOUR SOUTH, IN CHARLOTTE AUGUST 1 ; CHARLOTTE, } |28th till August 14, recently released from jail after serving two years for his working- class activity in the New Bedford textile strike, where he took the lead of the young, exploited work- and led them in struggle against the bosses for shorter hours and a C.—From July John Porter, CHICA AGAINS Police Fascism in Ne- | gro Section of City | CHICAGO, Ill, July 18.—The American Negro Labor Congress is G0 PROTEST T ARREST. | ton to testify to the truth of his} + the care of his wife and ldren, but flung into a waiting |over the frontier. »torear which drove off at a high|the present account for 16 persons fascist |having been driven over the Soviet tonghold, to the Soviet frontier. |frontier, but numerous other work- } the morning of June 19 Peraelae |ers and workers’ leaders have been s driven over the Soviet frontier |kidnapped in various parts of the ed over Lapua, the \ ar Repola Tuuliwaara. ic lepae, and the peasant, Kalle J he was given no time to make |cil there, was kidnapped on Juneé | 4 preparations for departure or|16, manhandled and threatened with six |death by the fascists and then put On June 22 the deputy, Maeen- | gether. Reports up to country and have disappeared alto- It is feared that their fate has been death. NEW HAVEN, July 18.—For the fooney and Billings with the hold. pe of “protest” meetings, threat. ned to have workers just as on the night previous the vorkers eagerly bought up the opies of the Daily. The local socialists under the adership of their secretary, Yale ush, a plumbing contractor by usiness, and one Charles O’Connor, ecame so aroused at the activity EW HAVEN SOCIALISTS (30 DAYS FOR GIVING OUT, CALL POLICE FOR AID LEAFLETS IN WEST ALLIS MILWAUKEE, July 18.—Lee Tal- | by a jury in the municipal court, | in their|where the case was appealed oy the can be based. udience arrested because these International Labor Defense. The|is to lay a propaganda basis for rorkers sold the Daily Worker. But |charge was “distributing hand)ills” |war against the Union of Socialist and the prosecution tried to show | that since these were old copies they | coincide, were no longer newspapers, but handbills, The jury deliberated for | over four hours and brought in a| verdict of not guilty. | * + WEST ALLIS, Wis.—Stefan * already dead Hide Crude Work (Continued from Page One) (introduced about the time the} forged letter heads were set up) was adopted, chiefly on the argu-| ment that these Whalen “docu- ments” proved the need of an in-/| vestigation. This resolution estab- lished the Fish committee. Whalen Dodged Proof. The Graphic printed the state- ment of its reporter that when | Whalen was summoned to Washing- documents, the reporter tried sev- eral times to get him to listen to proof that they were false, but was | turned down. Originals Would Show Fake. The originals of Whalen’s for- geries can not be produced because the slightest inspection of them will show that they are proofs and not printing. The photostats do not show this, and for that reason, after bluffing for months that he Preparation among the workers of New York for a ‘mighty anti- war demonstration on August First on Union Square at 5 p. m. is now well under way. Above photo shows the Workers Center, at 26 Union Sq. and the Freiheit Building at 30 Union , ablaze with the workers’ slogans for an day. “Not a Cent Unemployed” is the central slogan war fo Armaments—All Funds for the placarded on the Freiheit Building. has the originals, Whalen now tells | strations held in New York, culmin- | described in the Daily Worker: hun- the world through the Fish commit- | ating in the Great Union Square tee that Amtorg gets rid of the | demonstration March 6. a “incriminating originals by sending| Whalen repeated all the stuff them back to Russia,” and then with most amazing stupidity, keeps pic- tures of the incriminating material in its files for any one to steal! A War Move. The attempted revival of these and stinking launched on the world on May 2 1930, through the combined activi- ties of Whalen’s administration in the police department and the Rus- 2, sian white guard forgers, indicates | cond time this week the socialists, |ton, Negro worker, arrested for dis- |only too clearly the second purpose ho are now attempting to cover|tributing the Daily Worker here, | of the Fish committee. heir betrayal of the cause of/|and fined $15 and costs by Tudge | business is to accumulate testimony -| Page of district court, was acquitted ifrom police and reactionaries of all Its fi sorts on which anti-labor legislation Its second purpose Soviet Republics. The two purposes for suppression of the American workers, forcing their party underground, jailing their union leaders, mass deportations of foreign-born for terroristic affect on the remainder is necessary to get that lower standard of living and lies | Wood revealed about the use of the police department in an effort to get shoe strikers deported. He jus- | tified the shooting of. Katovis and |Gonzalez as “self defense by the petrolmen.” He said Patrolman Harry Kurowitz shot Katovis while Katovis was attacking him, and in the next line read that Katovis was shot in the back. No one called his attention to t’.at contradiction. Oh, Those Juries! Whalen read what he called the criminal records of shoe strikers, and of Irving Potash. Nothing was made of the fact that Potash hasn’t bean cpnvicted of the cases of as- sault against him, except that juries are very unreliable. The committee asked for the crim- inal record of Foster. This was a} bad mistake, for Foster hasn’t any! criminal record, except a conviction for speaking on the streets, 22 years ago. Whalen dodged neatly, and read them Raymond’s record instead. Raymond, a migratory worker, hus been framed in a couple of c dreds of errors of Czarist spellings, use of titles and off that never existed, queer confusion of names. One, the most important, the “mandate to Graf- pen,” is signed by Grafpen! They are numbered by Whalen from 1 to 7. No. 1 is to the Am- torg, ordering it to turn over money for Communist propaganda. For the convenience of the police it hears a note, “via diplomatic mail.” This note is repeated on others. or included in the text of the fake let- ters. No. 2 is about placing, through Amtorg, of comrades com- ing to U. S. No. 3 “via dinlomatic mail.” is an order to use Foster’s article in Pravda for American Communist pronaganda. No. 4 is the article by Foster itself. 5 is the Mandate to him dictatorial power transferring “the base of ties” to Seattle. Whalen admitted in his testimony that he couldn’t prove that there ever was any base transferred to Seattle, though he tried to find it. No. 6 is about comrades dispatched to various states. No. 7 is on the grammar, old N activi- better living wage, will tour the| organizing a big mass meeting for South. Comrade Porter will have | Tuesday, July 22nd, at Oddfellows a chance to speak to thousands of | Hall, 3335 S, State St. 8 p. m. to young and old textile workers, who | protest against the new wave of are being exploited even worse than | terror which has been launched the workers in New Bedford are. | against the Negro workers on the Here workers still slave 12 and 13| South Side in a vain effort to pre- hours per day for $6 or $8 per week vent their organization into the Both old and young, Negro and| Communist Party, the Young Com- white, are most miserably exploited. | munist League and the Trade Union Comrade Porter will relate to the; Unity League. The conditions of workers his experiences in jail for the Negro workers living in the so- two years, on the picket line, with called Chicago “black belt” are the textile slaves in the mills, and| worse than that of the workers in will rally the workers for a fight any other section of the city and against lynching, for the release of | therefore the white bosses and their |the working-class leaders in the New | agents are taking the most desper- | York jails, Atlanta, Gastonia 7, etc. ate measures to stem the growing | influence of the Communists who |are organizing these workers for struggle against unemployment and | wage-cuts and the double burden of “by their appearance could not have | racial oppression. ‘contributed.” The eommittee took Demonstrate August Ist! BUTTE STRIKERS FIRM; BOSSES RAISE WAR FUND TTE, Mont., July 18.—The ma- S and teamsters who went on e last month are still standing ast. The clerks who refused to |handle goods which were being de- ivered by scabs were discharged, which finished up with the clerks being locked out last Saturday noon. s' The Montana Power Co., which is owned by the same stockholders as |the Anaconda Copper Co., are lead- ing the open-shop fight on the unions. A representative of the power company, with a committee of the Montana Development Asso- ciation (the political machine of the copper company), made the rounds ot the merchants, asking them to sign a note for $1,000, which was to be used by the open-shop forces against them if they deserted the fight on the unions, Many of the |firms, who are under obligation to the A. C. M. bank, signed the note. |Others refused to fall in line and are keeping their stores open, while the open-shoppers are now “closed- | shoppers.” ASCIST MURDERERS STILL IN COURT (Wireless By Inprecorr.) | F. Raid Meetings. Last Wednesday night the bosses took the extreme measures of raid- ing an indoor meeting of a Com- munist Party unit at 3901 S. Wab- ash Ave., holding all those present at the meeting overnight in jail. BERLIN, July 17.—The trial of the fascists murderers who killed Heimburger is being continued here. | The fiancee of the accused Westen- burg has described how the latter confessed stabbing Heimburger to no public notice of this first admis- sion of Whalen’s that the of workers and the unemployed were really in the demonstrations. Until then he had been arguing that there were only a few “rack- masses eteers,” and no unemployed, merely | Saturday the police raided an open | ‘ath aca cara estes air meeting of the Communist | of capitalism @ placards were! Party and Young Communist | Demonstrate August Ist! lettered by the marchers.—Ed.) So tem morning Lyons back on the stand for a period of unknown duration—and in another session he has the job of trying to authenticate this mess of junk, which will go down in history as “The Whalen Forgeries.” A Penal Colony. Whalen’s recommenda- League, arresting both the speakers and bystanders, and spending more than an hour after the arrests try- ing with drawn guns to drive the crowds 6f sympathetic workers from the streets. Later the bosses showed their determination to try and stop meetings of all revolu- | tionary workers’ organizations on the South side, by pressing state aoe is Gibbs, Joe Hale, Thomas Lambrou, and Joe Williams are also held under heavy bail and face both the state and local charges. The prose- cuting attorney in court stated that “all meetings” in the neighborhood will be stopped in the future so that Among the police will be better able to tions for ending Communism is the | charges against the arrested work- | ¢¢4 with the Communists. Another 1“Devil’s Island” program of Fish’ for holding an open air meet- meeting was raided on Sunday (though Fish formally disavowed | night, and the Garveyites also re- ing on this corner where the Party and the Garveyites have been hold- ing meetings for years. the island was to be like the French nenal colony, as he also denied that the committee investication was based on the Whalen documents). ED een uncer trewyy Pall: Whealen also wants the burden of Romania Ferguson and John | meetings for any length of time of proof for legal entry to rest on | Harvey are held under the prevail | their best agents among the Negre aliens whenever they entered, not, heavy bail of $1400 while Theodore! masses. as now. just for those who entered after 1925 Whalen says it’s a sad travesty on government when you want to denort a man, and ask him what shin he comes on, and he an- fused a permit for street meetings —as part of this gesture, although it is evident that the police will not stop either indoor or outdoos jof the Communists that they had|Klaich was sent to thé “house of |docility without which a first-class swers, “You find that out.” Whalen approved of the enlarge- as many other migratory workers | faked_stationery of the Amtorg in| Our Doors Are Open! to call in the orrection” for 30 days for distribut- |{mperiallst war against any -ountry who immediately threatened to at- rest us for commit the peace, which is how he cha 1g handbills, can not be prosecuted. The West Allis branch of the In- Demonstrate August 1. ac- ternational Labor Defense, of which! Against this whole war prepara- have been framed when crimes are committed, and the police need 2 New York objecting to sending cer- tain comrades from U. S. back to |U. S. S. R., it is addressed to Am- ment of the powers of the depart- | ment of justice. This is Root’s se- cret police. Fish here took occa- Workers of All Races and Nationalities Come! terized our crime of selling the Klaich is a member, will hold a pro- |tion scheme the Communist Party Daily. test meeting today, protesting Calls the workers to fight. There Later in the evening when the 2ehinst this vicious sentence by a Will be international mass demon speaker, L. Shulman asked for judge who a few days before dis-| Strations against imperialist wat questions he again called in the missed the ease of a man who dis- and for the defense of the Soviet goat. Saw They Weren't Naturalized. Whalen told of 50,000 at the funeral of Katovis. He told of 2 000 paid admissions at the March 16 “Defend the Soviet Union” meet ing in the Bronx. Later, in regard tore in U.S.S.R. and marked, “copy! sion to say Root’s letter was “un- | to Communist International.” | fortunate” and that he wasn’t in cops in order to remove a comrade |tributed handbills for the Chivago | Union on August 1. from the crowd who had persisted | Tribune. The same morning that In America these demonstrators will demanc in asking him a question shoul the the Tribune man was in court Sonia that all war funds be used ‘or im activity of the Machen ist” government in the suppressing of the Indian Revolution. Whatever workers there were in the smail crowd of 50 or ef listen- | tributing handbills.” The judge held | ing to tre socialist speater openly | Mason, but allowed the Tribune man expressed their contempt st the ac-|t? go out on his own bail, tions of the speaker in calling the|he could dismiss the case, which he | police to arrest a worker. DONOVAN TO SPFAX ON PROTEST AT ENGDAHL 5-YEAR PLAN IN CHICAGO CHICAGO, July 18—The Ameri- can delegation for the May 1 cele- bration has made an extensive tour throughout the Soviet Union and will report on its findings and on the Five-Year Plan throughout the United States. Comrade Donovan, a locomotive engineer by trade, who was chair- man of the delegation, is at present touring the country for the Friends of the Soviet Union. He will be one of the main speak- ers in CHicago on Friday, July 18, at 8 p. m., at the People’s Forum, 2457 W. Chicago St., Chicago, III. | jdeath in the South, and for the re- f the March 6 eases, was alsy be- fore Judge Stern on thé same charge as the Tribune man, “dis- \ © that | did when Mason was not in court. TOUR MEETS IN MINN. ST. AUL, Minn, July 18—A! mass meeting of the International | Labor Defense, with J. Louis Eng- dahl on national tour of the I. L. D,, was held in St. Paul on June 10 at Tenth and Wabash Sts., where 800 workers were present, Tremendous enthusiasm was shown by the work- ers, who unanimously voted ‘or the immediate release of Powers and Carr and the four others facing lease of the March 6 delegation in New York, as well as all other polit- ical prisoners of the working class. A similar meeting and demonstra- tion was held ir. Minneapolis the ' Mason, now serving 3 montis, one | mediate relief of the millions of un employed. Whalen Coy. Apparently it took some time to persuade Whalen to go ahead with | the dirty work. Whalen. nay be getting a little scared. When the congréssional committee, Fish xt its head, met yesterday morning, with! the press carryiny; for a week an- nouncements that the former police commissioner would testify then, there was no Whalen. The congressmen scowled and the audience fretted. An announcement came down that there was some mix-up in dates. Fish wrote out a formal subpoena for Whalen to ap- pear, under pain of being aeld in contempt. They put on a side-show:—a cer- | tain S. Stanwood Menken, president | of the National Security League, appeared as a voltintary witness. He said his organization had 160,000 mémbers during and shortly before the war when it campaigned for “preparedness.” It has 15,000 to 20,000 now, he said, and is an “edu- cational body.” He said it had a corps of 300 speakers, and had spent $1,500,000 eampaigning for compul- sory teaching of the constitution in to this meeting he said that the worst of it was there were 200 school children taking part in the pageant “Building the Soviet Union” and singing songs that were disrespect: | j}ful to American officials and “our form of government.” | But, looking over that great crowd, “I saw that fully 95 per cent of them were foreigners.” In an- swer to a question, and with a ght face, “No, they did not look to me as though they were naturalized.” Whalen, like Lyons yesterday, ha it in for Randolph MeNeil, the | sailor who was arrested and slugged |nearly to death for going to the rescue of & woman whom a plain {clothes man was beating up at the city hall demonstration Feb. 21 As is usual in these ca: police filed a charge of assault ageinst McNeil to justify their own | brutality. Whalen omitted to men | tion the fact that he was not con- |victed. In addition, they wrote a statement for MeNeil, during thei: third degree, by which he supposed ly admits “his organization paid his | way to New York to take part in | this riot.” MeNeil did not make any jof the statements ascribed to him. Framing Spivak. Then, late in the afternoon, they Admits Jobless Paraded. Whalen admits that he has no proof of any of these, excent Lyons’ word. He thinks though that mon- ey for the Communist demonstra tions, particularly that on May Day “cost a lot of money” for placards ete., which those participating in it favor of a big secret police, but | |just a few more, to watch the| Communists. Whalen proposed the finger print- —_—_—_—————— wwvwvwvw jing and registering of all foreign | born, Demonstrate August Ist! Unity Camp : Last ‘Sailing v For an educational trip Union and for a remarkable to the Soviet vacation. Next Group Sails August 16th on the new liner Statendam for the SOVIET UNION OUR BUSES LEAVE 140TH s'r, es “A §.£ EUROPA in Or Am Me Bn om AND SBVENTH AVENUES & (Latest and fastest Steamship) | Every Friday at 6:30 p. m. closing in a few da VvvVvVvVvVvn Among other delegates, Comrade \following day, where 1,500 workers public schools. | got around to the forgeri World Tourists WINGDALE, N. Y. Where finest comradeship prevails Well-known place for along vacation Where food is healthful and plentiful Call! July 24 SPORTS-SONG—THEATRE 1A Comrade KRANESS musical director, requests that all comrades playing in- struments, should kindly bring them along. very Saturday at 1 p. m. ery Sunday at 9 a. m. y Monday at 12 p.m. Wednesday at 1 p. m. REGISTRATION By Train: From Grand Central or 125th St. to Wingdale, N. ¥. 110TH STREET TELEPHONE: MONUMENT 0111 Order, Sell and Distribute Rushton, an automobile worker from Detroit, and Comrade Grbac, marine worker, will speak. ; From Chicago Comrade Donovan | fwill go to Seattle, July 22, and to n Westland, July 23, . Remonstrate August Ist! PHILA. SOLIDARITY DAY FOR YORKSHIRE STRIKERS PHILADELPHIA, July 18.—The workers here are responding promptly to the requests for aid from the textile strikers of York- shire, England. Workers here, in the largest tex- tile center in the country, have close family ties with many English tex- tile workers. Through the National Textile Workers’ Union and the Trade Union Unity League, in conjunction with the Workers’ International Re- lief, @ Solidarity Day has been ar- ranged for Saturday, July 19, to aid the striking textile workers of York- shire and to prove their solidarity with the English workers. Stations for collections will be at: 30 N. 10th St, 1331 N. Franklin St., 4035 W. Girard Ave., 214 W. Sorher- set St., Eighth and Ritner Sts., 2926 W. Gordon St., and 1124 Spring Garden St. All proceeds from a special out- ing to be held July 27 to the W. I. R. Camp at Lumberville will go to the strikers of Yorkshire. Demonstrate Augyst Ist! attended. Here again the workers His recommendations for ending ‘ assembled voted for the release of the Southern and New York de- fendants and for support of the I. L. D. Ten workers signed up in the I. L. D. and a committee of ac- tion was elected at the orzaniza- tion meeting to build up the organ- ization in this section. POWERS TO SPEAK AT ILD NTWU CHARLOTTE PICNIC CHARLOTTE, N. C.—A_ big crowd is expected to attend the picnic of the International Labor Defense that is to be held Sunday, | July 20, which has been arranged by the ILD local Charlotte, and the N.T.W.U, Powers To Speak At Picnic. M. H. Pow district organizer of the Communist Party in District 16, who has just been released on bail after serving over three months in jail in Atlanta, Ga., where he together with 5 other workers, are charged with “insurrection,” will be | &®! one of the speakers at this picnic. The N.T.W.U. is arranging to have a report on the July 4th and 5th, unemployment convention that was held in Chicago. All proceeds realized at this pic- nie will go for the defense of the Atlanta prisoners. It is expected that a big crowd will attend the picnic, which is to begin at 1». m. and to last till late in the day. hata «¢ Mt, Holly! Road, near Old Wizard Place. : Communism, outside of lots of con- stitutionalism (how he explains that clause ubout trial by jury he didn’t say), were deportations, Fish asked him ifthe didn’t agree that the alien Russian Communists, who can’t be deported to the U. S. S. R., and the American Communists, who can’t be deported at all, should be sent to “a distant island possession of the U. S. and never allowed to set foot on the mainland again”—quaran- tined, you know. Set Adrift! But Menken was worried «bout the “indirect influence” of these Communists, no matter how well ex- iled. Also, “when you make mar- tyrs even by putting them in jail, it makes more Communists.” Menken suggests, in all serious- ness, that they simply be chucked on board a ship and not allowed to land here. Let ‘em drift on the high seas, “men without a country.” Some of the congressmen opined it might require changes in that same constitution in order to work that me. Finally Whalen came, towed along by Inspector Lyons. A ten-minute session brought out nothing new, and Lyons had Whalen around again for the afternoon session. He sat at Whalen’s elbow, and occasionally prompted him. Lyons gracefully took on himself all blame for the de- | lay in Whalen’s appearance. Communist Party Grows. There followed a long recital of jthe growth of Communism, descrip- | tiens of the steadily ' and larger mass meetings and deniwn- t, there was Whalen’s coun- er attack, an attempt to frame and |diseredit Spivak. | This took the form of a report jfrom a police Neutenant that a | white guard Russian leader named | Djamharoff came to him and said |that Spivak and another man tried |to get him to testify that he forged | the documents. | Djambaroff sat in the department of justice room where the commit- tee’s hearings were held during this testimony. He is evidently one of | those “unter cover men” who will {probably testify at the week end | junket of the committee to Fish’s summer home in Connecticut. The printer, Max Wagner. assailed by Whalen as the possess of a criminal record (two charges of violating the censorship on “in- decent” literature). Whalen didn’t investigate Wagner to see whether he really printed these documents, all but one alleged to have come |from Moscow. Whalen didn’t look |in the shop to see whether Wag- ner’s type really was the tyne used in the documents, because “Wagner was clearly an unreliable person.” Contradictions, But he read alleged translations of the allege’! documents to the Fish Committee, They have already (May 9 and May 13) been fully FARM IN THE PINES Situnted tn Pine Forest, nenr Mt Lake. German ‘Table Hates: #16— S18 Swimming and Fishing M. OBERKIRCH Hos TS KINGSTON fy fy ty a be b> tn be tr te 2 Inc., 175 Fifth Ave., N.Y. ship Tickets to All Parts of the World) ALGonquin 64656 (ste SPECIAL BUNDLES--SPECIAL EDITIONS ‘ As Always < < q Bungalows wi Cultural the singing. tures. sympos' PHONE BACON st N. By Train: From Grand Ce Spend Your Vacation at Camp Nitgedaiget FIRST PROLETARIAN NITGEDAIGET CAMP—HOTEL Hotel with hot and cold water in every room Tents~to remind you the old days. Program for the Summer of 1930 Artet Studio Artef) Comrade Shaetfer will conduct mass Cultural Program—Comrades Olgin and Jerome Athletics, games, dances. theatre, choir, tec CAMP NITGEDAIGET, BEACON, N.Y, OF THE Baily 35 Worker to Mobilize the Working-Class on AUGUST FIRST International Demonstration Against Im- perialist Wars and for the Defense of the Soviet Union Special Editions will be printed Saturday, July 19 and Saturday, July 26. — Prices for special bundles of regular editions or special editiors $8.00 per thousand, and $1.00 per hundred Cash Must Be Sent With Orders ith electric lights. FILL oO) (Mass theatre with the °.Speetal Edition, Saturday, Juty iums. ete. Enclosed find §..... ’ +. payment for same. NAME oo. We cose ceeene + ¥. PHO BSTABROOK 1400 wwvwvvwvvwvrwvvvwvvwvwwv L— ADDRESS .......... vw