The Daily Worker Newspaper, December 23, 1929, Page 1

A Quarter cf a Million Textile Workers Were Represented at the Paterson »., Convention. Forward to Organize All the Slaves of the Textile Mills—North and South —Black and White! Daily Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office at Ne w York, under the act of Qarch 3, 1879. FINAL CITY EDITION ey by The Square Published daily except 8: Company. 26-28 0: mprodaily Publishing New York City, N. ¥- Outside New York. by mall $6.00 per rear Price 3 Cents Vol. VI., No. 248 <=>. NEW YORK, MONDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1929 Build the Bian Miners Union! . To be a coal miner is to know what it means to fight. In all the history of this country there is no section of our clas: that has had more occasion to struggle for the very right to live, or to struggle more heroically than the fhen who dig coal out of the bowels of the earth to supply the fuel foundation of American indus- try. The miners’ wives, daughters, mothers and small children have for generations been called upon to fight shoulder to shoulder with their men for the right to live. There is hardly a child of twelve years of age in any mining field of the United States who has not felt the pain of slow starvation and the sting of the class struggle. Today the coal miners of Illinois, the heart of the soft coal in- dustry, are in the midst of the most decisive struggle that they have ever M@ced up to this time. History has moved fast. The historic organization which was in the past the miners’ union, has first been wrecked by an unscrupulous gang of traitors and grafters and then transformed into a company union, doing the strike-breaking work that used to be done by the Pinkerton’s in the days of Cabin Creek, by the Baldwin-Felts gang at Mingo, or the Sherman Agency at Herrin, Illinois. History has travelled fast and far. This is a new period—a period of sharper class struggle—and this condition brings out the traitors more openly than ever before. The coal operators now dress their “Pinkertons” up in the clothes of “union officials.” If the Peabody Coal Co. once succeeded in defeating the coal miners by secretly pay- ing Frank Farrington $25,000 per year to betray the coal miners, they are now obliged to use John L. Lewis, Harry Fishwick and Frank Farrington as their open strike-breakers together with the sheriffs, the police, the private gunmen and the militia. Today the mine workers meet as their enemies the united front of the mine operators, the sheriffs, the police, the private gunmen and the Lewises, the Fishwicks and the Farringtons. At Taylorville and Kineaid the troops are used to force the coal mine workers into the so-called United Mine Workers which is now the company union, and Lewis, Farrington and Fishwick publicly call for scabs to break the strike and to defeat the mine workers’ life-and-death demands for wages and conditions. Meantime the grafter-strike-breaker John L. Lewis is fighting in court with the grafter-strike-breakers Farrington and Fishwick—each gang trying to persuade the capitalist court to give them the control of the U.M.W.A. “racket.” The court (controlled by the scab coal oper- ators) will turn over the company union to whichever gang it con- siders to be the best at strike-breaking for the coal operators. At Collinsville, meantime, the rotten officials of the I.W.W. are helping the mine superintendents to get scabs through the picket line. The mine workers are beginning to understand the whole mess of grafters and stool-pigeons. The ranks of the striking miners are swelling. The mine-workers are building ticir own union—the National Miners Union. Thousands of members of the old discredited U.M.W.A. have refused to work under the bayonets of the militia. These thou- sands and many more “will be drawn into the National Miners Union. Kentucky miners and Indiana miners are waking up to the hideous treachery of the Lewis company union and starting to move into the fight which promises to become a general coal strike. The Pennsylvania anthracite miners are beginning to show their MUKDEN SIGNS SOVIET UNION’S TER BIG RAIL MERGER 206 Delegat es Map Out IN PREPARATION Campaign of Struggle in FOR COMING WAR 2 Day Textile Convention IMore Unemployment) | and Speed- Up for Rail Workers | 240,000 Workers Represented; Change Consti-| tution; Base Union on Mill Locals; Council of 41) ® Gov't Supports Trusts ‘Need Unified System for Military Use After nine years, following the} provision of the 1920 Transportation | | Act, the Interstate Commerce Com- | |mission has finally made-public its | railroad consolidation plan, in which |the railroads of the country will be |merged into 21 systems, with 5 for | the eastern territory. The plan, which embodies the proposals of the | railroads for unification, is in line} with the policy of the Hoover-Wall| Street government of open trustifi- | Report Terrific Exploitation, Workers Ready; TO SINO-SOVIET JOINT CONTROL Chinese Repudiate the July Seizure; Agree “to Uphold Treaty | MS RESTORE 6.E.R, ILLINOIS MINERS RALLY MORE FORCES 10, BUILD UNION AS THEY STRUGGLE Terror Increases; Bosses, United Mine Worker Gunmen Fail to Stop N.M.U. Growth ——_?-—_—_——_ Smash Renegades Attempt at Obstruction (Disarm White Guazd Anthracite Miners Vote to Support Strikers; BULLETIN. PATERSON, N. J., Dec. 22—The N. T. W. convention today raised the slogan of a one-day protest strike against the conviction of the Gastonia defendants. The executive board chosen from the executive council is: James P. Reid, chairman; Clarence Miller, secretary; Fred Beal; Pitta, New Bedford; D. Martin, South; J. Rappaport, N. Y.; E. Mendez, New Bedford; M. Russak, Allentown; Summe, South; Burlak, Scranton; E. Tetherow, South and Youth; Lieb, Paterson; Salzberg, Paterson. The executive board meets tomorrow in Paterson to take up the strike situation in the silk industry as’ the first order of business. * * . PATERSON, N. J., Dec. 22.—Preceded by a conference of the young workers in the textile industry, the second day’s leation, and is of the greatest strate-| session of the second annual |gic importance in the war prepara-' tignal Textile Workers’ Union |tions of the War Department. Li: jing the Northern and Southern rail- |road systems all over the country. the plan leaves the Eastern railroa map embracing the Pennsylvania | and New York systems unchanged, | i | proposes the expansion of the Balti- | tion, which were adopted. They ‘more and Ohio systems, and offers | include the basing of the union ‘a scheme for the construction of a/ particularly on mill locals, with the huge trunk around the present|next aggregation by areas instead Wabash line, which will extend from | of by cities. A council of 41 is to the Atlantic seaboard to the Mis-|pe the central body of the union, souri River. \and will choose all other national | The proposed Wabash system,| officers. The dues system is sim- \serving some of the largest terminal | plified, and made easier for the |areas in the country such as New| workers to pay, and 5 per cent of Jiller reported on amend- ments to the union constitu- national convention of the Na- Soviet Victory Angers U. S. Imperialists BERLIN, Dec. |ports from Moscow state that the |Soviet Government announces the | finalizing of negotiations with the |Manchurian government at Mukden and the signing of a protocol be- | tween the Mukden government and |the Soviet Government, which pro- vides for full restoration of the Chinese Eastern Railway to the joint Soviet-Chinese operation as! prevailing before the seizure of the | 5 | Authentic re- ‘was opened by Dewey Martin sentenced to 20 years, secretary of the convention. ——— air NTW CONVENTION BUSY FIRST DAY 206 Delegates Organize to Plan Struggles PATERSON, N. J., Dec. 22.—In (Continued on Page Two) |dues is to go to the T. U. U. L. as line last July when that seizure vio- of Charlotte, N. C., with Clarence Miller, Gastonia defendant lated the Sino-Soviet Treaty of 1924. | there- The Mukden governmen lfore, in effect, repudiates its acti |of treaty violation and seizure of the Chinese Eastern Rail ing to abide by the treaty h and to release all the Soviet citizens | arrested and tortured by Manchu-} rian authorities since the severance | | of relations. | It also pledges to disarm the Rus- jsian white guard enemies of the S | viet and to deport all the organi: jof such counter-reyolutionary band The Soviet Government agrees to continue, as it had always done, to { Many More Joining National Miners Union WEST FRANKFORT, Ill., Dec. 22.—Following the decisions of the Illinois district board of the National Miners Union arrived at last week, the striking miners of Illinois are muster- ing their whole strength thig week to win the local strikes now going on in every part of the field, and to spread the struggle to other mines in the vicinity. All are looking forward con- fidently to immediate gains of local demands, also outlined by the boa All feel that the present terror, in which all forces of reaction co-operate, the federal government, the state mil- itia, the Lewis and Fishwick gunmen, the operators’ guards, —; a the sheriffs and courts, and UNITY LEAGUE'S CONFERENCE HAS PLAN FOR DRIVE For Vigorous Struggle;| Renegades Beaten The delegates representing the | needle trades, shoe workers, laundry | workers, leather goods workers, ' \¥ the I. W. W. at Collinsville has cleared the air. The miners of Tilinois know now by practical experience that the state is a bosses’ state, that the United Mine Workers of America represents the bosses, and never the miners. The organizational campaign of the Na- tional Miners Union which accom- panies this strike is gaining great force. All are preparing for the national general strike of bitumin- ous and anthracite miners next year. * * Union Grows. TAMAQUA, Pa., Dec. regular union meeting of —At a socal 912, transport workers, textile workers. | National Miners Union of Tamaqua, a spirit of struggle and enthusiasm | abide by the 1924 treaty, to restore with the textile industry teeming |its consulates and trade organiza- with strikes and growing resistance | tions in Manchuria, and to allow of the workers, 220 delegates, in- | Chinese consuls in Soviet Siberia. cluding the lar-| Some questions remain to be set- gest delegation | tled at a later conference in Moscow of southern work-|next month. Troops of both sides ers ever attend-| are to be withdrawn, though it ap- ing a nation-wide) pears that most of the Chinese f textile union!troops on Soviet soil are those who gathering in the) went over to the Red Army when United States, | it advanced on November 17. the Second An-! With this protocol the effort of nual National |American imperialism to insert itself Convention of the |into Soviet affairs with a war threat colors—in Panther Creek Valley as well as at Port Carbon and Tamaqua they, declare their support of the Illinois strike, The promise of a general struggle to throw off the stifling company union and to organize the hundreds of thousands of unorganized coal miners and to lead them into struggle against the unbearable conditions and starvation pay, is already to be seen. A general coal strike is the outlook. Workers in the coal mines everywhere must realize their responsi- bility to their brothers in this situation. The unity of the miners every- where under the banner of the fighting union—the National Miners Unicn—this is the way to success, This means the necessity to organize the hundreds of thousands who are now not organized at all, and the complete smashing of the bosses’ company union, the U.M.W.A., whose remaining local unions must tear up the charters from Lewis and er capita. The convention elected on the council all seven of the convicted Gastonia defendants, two Negro workers, one Rayon worker and one child laborer. Hugo. Oehler reported on reso- lutions. Those adopted were the} | general resolution on policies and} to tactics (printed in Saturday's issue | |of the Daily Worker), one on strike | | strategy, one for the defense of the joviet Union and against imperial- | | and other industries of the Metro- | pa., the 400 miners present voted |politan Area of the Trade Union| unanimously for a resolution of | Unity League, met in its pre-con- | greetings ‘and solidarity to the jresen ee eet ree ads and | striking Hlinois miners, yesterday, in Irving Plaza Hall. A ‘ * |'Trade Union Unity Taseae PAR eee by ‘he mee press, i |tion, to be held Jan, 25-26, with |e mass meeting. There was an | ‘§ " +? -attendance of 75 ai meetng. [goal set of 1,000 proletarian dele: |" Grher Important. questions. were lthrough a strong resolution detail- |; fe se! ; rt full page was devoted to a special ing plans of struggle and organiza- /¢onccrence of the district UMLW.A. TRY SCHIFRIN CASE TODAY Resume Attempt Railroad Him Coming like a bolt of the s the eR] at yi Presa (TaaiGie ist war, resolutions on organiza-} beak : ion i in- Bahk and Join. the parte eae pene LEAS hee ee | Supreme Court of the Bronx, has|tion of Negro, women, child and| C- MILLER National Textile |dressed in phrases of “peace” re- See ere ae cae | otticials who gathered in Lansford Let none of the miners forget the united front of the company called the case of William Schifrin,| young workers. The W. I, R. was Workers Union ceives its final rejection. ors Of leads Union Unity League head-|*° ‘iscuss _ the situation in the union bureaucrats, police, gunmen and bosses, that is against them. We on our side must have a line-up of the great mass of workers to beat the operators and their agents. The Trade Union Unity League, the fighting center of organized labor to which the National Miners Union is affiliated, must be supported and built up in this crisis so that it can successfully co-ordinate the struggle. Workers must bear in mind that the iron leadership’ of all the workers’ struggles today is to be found in the Communist Party. Build the new, working class leadership by enlisting the strongest and best fighters in the coal mines and on the picket lines into the Communist CARPET WORKERS FREE KILLERS OF FACE WAGE CUT MARION STRIKERS 2,000 Fired; Many Join Whitewash Murderers National Textile Union| by “Prosecution” |now out on $15,000 bail on murder | endorsed, and resolutions demand- charges for defending himself in| ing the release of class war pris- the attack of right-wing gangsters | oners, and another on labor sports ‘in September, 192: | were adopted. The prosecution, in an attempt to} : i . catch Shifrin and his defenders, the | At the industrial section confer- International Labor Defense off | "ces last night worker after work- guard, called the case Saturday, giv-|@" in the silk, cotton, knit goods, | ing the worker but two days to pre- | Wool=and worsted industries got up| faesthin cues : land gave reports of the miserable The charges against Schifrin grew | Conditions in all mills. Wage out of an attack on him by five/@nd unemployment are the gener j opened yesterday. James P. Reid, president of the union, using a weaver’s shuttle as a gavel, opened the convention. The delegates cheered and joined in the singing “Solidarity Forever”, strike song of class conscious workers. The first action of the convention | was the unanimous election of a| convention council of thirteen to} handle the business of the conven-| tion, Those elected were: | Secretary Stimson to make the pres- | nt agreement appear as a result of | jhis note have been ridiculed through- | out the world and not least of all in America. | |Panther Creek Valley, where the miners are fighting the company- | unionized U.M.W.A. This blast was | directed against the National Miners | Union, running the whole gamut of |slander and lies down to the point quarters immediately, and on the call for donations, the laundry work- ers delegation was the first to do- nate $10 which had been raised for sandwiches, and to pledge $15 more. | See ee | \for the very life of their organiza. The shoe workers, although on strike } TRAIN DOGS TO jvight-wing thugs of the Butcher | Union last September, which ended | in the death of the thug leader and | |the woundng of a second of the un- | jderworld squad, when Schifrin and a| jfriend fought back his assailants. Evets that led up to the attack) jon Schifrin are as follows: Six mem- bers of the Butchers Union last September were expelled from mem- |bership because they demanded the rule. Side by side with these goes | on a terrific speed-up and stretch-| out s: m. Plans for special or- | &s Louis Telson, Paterson dye work- Arthur Barboza, Negro mill |ganization campaigns in each of| Worker of Fall River; Lloyd Green, | these industrial sections of the tex-| mill worker of Knoxville, Tenn. tile mills were hammered out for | Dewey Martin, mill worker of Char- presentation to the convention. |lotte; N. C.; Eulalia Mendes, mill Reporting on the silk industries,| Worker of New Bedford, Mass.; Martin Russak said that a survey |Daisy McDonald, mill worker of of the general situation showod| Charlotte, N. C.; John Nahorski, terrific rationalization schemes in| Mill worker of New Bedford, Mass.; The Alexander Smith and Sons Carpet Co., of Yonkers, is getting | ready for wage cuts and speed-up. The first step has been taken by “laying off” 25 per cent of the | The case against the eight Mc- Dowell County deputy sheriffs, who together with Sheriff Adkins, shot down six Marion strikers, was of- in} 4 the industry which are impoverish- | ¥red Beal, Gastonia, N. C.; J. P. ing and enslaving the workers. “Strikes, spontaneous or organ- ized by the N.T.W.U., have been taking place in Allentown, Wilkes- | Barre, Scranton, ete. The imme- (Continued on Page Two) Emergency! Membership Meeting { mill worker of Charlotte, N. C.; Joe Harrison, Passaic, N. J.; Hugo Oehler, Bessemer City, N. C. A committee was -appointed to meet the strikers of the Paterson Reid, New York; Albert Tetherow, | BITE NEGROES | ms | MONTGOMERY, Alabama, De 2.—It is quite proper for Negro jto be bitten by bloodhounds “ |order to keep the dogs in training, j according to Alabama prison offi- cials. | Two Negro prisoners, Will Yar-| borough and Grover Mitchell, made | ja dash for freedom a few days ago from the chain gang in Chatham County, where the prisoners are | |tveated with the greatest brutality. The two Negro prisoners, who| | risked their lives to escape the in- | tolerable conditions, were trailed by lof the league took up the board} tion, promised $50 within 24 hours. Others followed. The conference heard, on the first | day, H. Sazer and G. Siskind report | for the local T.U.U.L. council of continued opportunities for organ ization, of the militancy of the work- ers in all these industries, greatly ‘oused by the present crisis in in- dustry, the unemployment and the attempts at worsening conditions |and company unionization made by | the the bosses. i The report to the- conference of | John Schmies, assistant secretary of | the T.U.U.L., for the national office | question of policies, particularly. Schmies pointed out that the unions affiliated with the T.U.U.L. were by} that fact affiliated to a world-wide | | where the officials threaten to drive any N.M.U. member out of the miners and out of the valley. Fifty New Members. The local voted on the question of victimization for militant action to meet the action of the operators and the fakers. He called for mass soli- darity, up to the point of striking, if any men are fired from the job. As a result of the meeting in Tamaqua 50 new members joined National Miners Union. The N.M.U. has decided to hold a mass meeting on December 28 in Tamaqua against the fakers “But- ton” day that was declared for January 6. Leaflets are to be issued in English, Italian, Lithuanian, Russian and Ukranian, calling on the miners to refuse to pay dues to the U.M.W. A. and not to get but- jrevolutionary movement, the Red In- | ie is .|ficially whitewashed by a “not : 3 diate perspectiv: , i t n Dita nsi tua seis ohh Hak guilty” verdict. Sheriff Adkins,|| This evening at 8 p. m., Cen- || Q.97 ae Abe Hie tottot | Matta Hosiery Co., who have been | Ploodhoundsand captured. __ |ternational of Labor Unions. Their oy huge plants in Yonkers, employs | who threw tear gas at the strikers tral Opera House, 67th St. and setting a date for the general strike |" Strike for five weeks, under the Under direction of W. C. Daniel, | program must be one of continued} In Port Carbon, Frank and Zal- 7,000 workers.” Only 100 looms of | before firing on them, was not even) 3rd Ave. An important develop-| | around the end of February, or the misleadership of the United Textile | superintendent of the priseners, and |st:uggle for better conditions and dokas spoke to the assembled h ‘y | | ment which involves the interests H Workers Union. They were given a|Lee Wilson, dog warden, the guards|more pay, against unemployment. | miners. As a result 15 new mem- the 720 in the lower mill are oper- | indicted and was a “witness” for | beginning of March, when the busy ating. Workers are daily told there | his deputies. The eight deputies is no more work for them. The “Yonkers Statesman” has let »» (Continued Pe 5 ; A the cat out of the bag; it states; Owens, Broad Robbins and Dave | | be present. All other Party! done immediately. Organization of | ~ eect on Page Three) | that. the infuriated dogs could bite ea that new machinery is to be in-| Jarrett. || meetings are called off. Bring | | mil] committees and strike commit- them. One of the Negroes was bit- bbe chen and for a) new social order, stalled. This means increased specd- | up and wage cuts for the workers;| They al- A5 and more unemployment. ready know what this means. * per cent wage cut was recently | made in both mills. Many workers are today earning less than half of what they used to make. The Alexander Smith is the only carpet mill in Yonkers. Workers who have been there 10 and 15 years find they are thrown out as readily as sthers, One old woman working there for 50 years, now finds her- self out of a job. Cheap Trick. The bosses’ stage quite an act of being “philanthropists.” One of the owners, Mr. Cochran, died recently and in his will left $1,000 to any of his workers who had been em- ployed over 20 years. The catch in it was, that in those 20 years, if a worker missed a couple of weeks’ work, he was not entitled to the $1,000. At practically the same time that this ‘$1,000 gift” was an- nounced in all the Yonkers papers sa great deed of philanthropy, the (Continued on Page Two) are Gaylor Greene, Robert Ward, William Twiggs, Charles Tate, Jim Thruout the trial the prosecution | has shown the greatest friendliness |for the murderers and has been | very geritle in cross-examination of them and of the mill bosses whr testified for them. The state re | peatedly refused to put on witnesses who were among the strike pickets and saw Sheriff Adkins throw a tear gas bomb, open fire and then continue to shoot down survivors as they ran. The deputies admit firing a total ‘of 25 shots. There were 31 bullets |in the bodies of the six men killed, jand a number of others were | wounded, The manager of the mill before which the murder took place publicly praised the sheriff and deputies for their accuracy, boasting that they broke all records of the world war in “efficient use /of lead.” A few days before being deputized, one of the deputy sher- iffs, Owens, had shot up strike headquarters with a shotgun. | Stage a sham trial and whitewash the case was obvious from the i opening of the case, » | | of the entire Party will be re- | | ported on and dealt with. All| | || members of District Two must | | | your membership card.—Secre- | | | tariat Dist. 2, C.P. U.S.A. | season begins, Reorganization in| Statement to deliver from the con- forced the two Negroes to climb a and against all the schemes of the | bers joined and a local of the N.M.U, | will be formed there. the N.T.W.U. upon mill locals in- stead of general locals must be tees, as well as the building of a (Continued on Page Three) Jan. 18 To Be Held in ‘Madison Sq. Garden |tree and strike at the dogs with sticks, and then to come down so vention exposing the Muste betray- Lenin Memorial Meet ten a dozen times, but in spite of all |the efforts of the guards the dogs lemployers to force them into com- pany unions, and furthermore, al |struggle consciously toward the} “Elements which do not believe we would not bite the other prisoner. “Fascist League” Here “Dissolved”; Maneuver (Continued on Page Two) | Saturday evening, Jan. 18, at 7| p. m., the Lenin Memorial meeting | Fascism in America, whether Italian or otherwise, plans to parade under other cloaks than the black shirt in public in the immediate fu- ture. The Fascist League of North More Than a Convention’ the Textile Workers’ Meet Second National Convention of National.Textile Union Reports Progress and New Struggles | the By MARTIN RUSSAK. ;Struggle, and by leading textile | The Second National Convention | workers in the ranks of the revo-| in New York City will take place in Madison Square Garden. The essential theme of the meet- ing will be the Struggle Against Imperialist War and for the De- fense of the Soviet Union. Besides speakers there will be an elaborate pageant depicting scenes from the class struggle. A number of organizations have Daring to Send ‘Stimson Note’, U.S. Itselt Makes Wat on China Shown; Nanking Fades; Kill Cuban Deportees Shanghai dispatches telling of )a war note in the name of the Kel- Hypocrisy of “Peace” Threat Against Soviet | The purpose of the prosecution to, of the National Textile Workers /lutionary class struggle, and by Union is much“more than a conven-| leading textile workers in strikes tion in the usual sense of the word. | against capitalist rationalization in The organization of the conference |New England, has been carried out on the basis of Pennsylvania and North Carolin mass rallies of the textile workers, |The convention itself is a ma organized and unorganized, em- gathering of primarily the most ¢ ployed. The convention fas been’ ploited sections of the textile wor' | prepared by the establishment of im-| ers around the central slogan of the portant new mill locals of the N. T.| union: “Mobilize for Struggle!’ W. U., north and south, by winning! This historic convention, that will fresh masses of textile workers for open in Paterson, the city of class |the ranks of the revolutionary class! (Continued on Page Three) fs * Paterson, New York, | already informed the Communist Party of America, New York Dis- trict, that they will have delegations and in many cases the entire mem- bership of their organizations pres- ent at the meeting. Lenin Memorial meetings thru- |21. In New York, however, the | celebration will take place on Jan- |uary 18, to be followed by demon- strations in all surrounding towns hor the twenty-first, out the world will this year be Jan. | firing upon Chinese by the “Amer- ican Naval Guard” of the steamer Iping, failed to state where this attack took place, other than men- \tioning the “upper Yangtze River,” but the fact that the steamer is def- initely assigned to the Yangstze | Rapids, would indicate that Amer- ican naval forces are engaged in shooting Chinese at least a thousand miles from the coast and in the heart of China, Again, is American imperialism, which glared to hypocritically address \ a ii nls logg Pact to the Soviet Union when the latter defended its frontiers against Chinese and Russian white guard tools of imperialism, exposed in all its nakedness. The Litvinoff memorandum in answer to the Stim- son war threat, specifically noted |America yesterday was officially | “dissolved.” The “dissolution” of the league is only a maneuver in view of the rap- idly growing anti-fascist movement here among Italian and other work- ers, and instead of the official Fas- cist League the agents of Mussolini will operate under various “patri- otic” Italian organizations. Sixteen Communists of Poland Sent to Prison Warsaw dispatches Friday stated that the imperialist powers who had/that of 20 Communsts on trial in the audacity to address the Soviet Union on the Manchurian affair, themselves were occupying Chinese soil with their armed forces. It is now shown that these im- _ (Continued on Page Two) the Polish courts"on charges of “sub- versive” action, something like sedi- tion, 16 were found guilt and sen- tenced to prison. One got eight years and 15 terms ranging from two to six years each. i