The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 16, 1928, Page 2

. THE DAI 16, 1928 SEAMEN SLAVES RISKED AND LY WORKER, NEW YORK, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER “SACRIFICED TO SAVE COMPANY’S PRECIOUS CASH It is now definite stablished that Lamport and Holt, owners of surviving the seus, ui en prevented an immediate S. O. 8. call the very last to send signals in an effort to save the 389 passengers is a picture of one of the lifeboats, crowded with survivors, drawing of the V tris and one the worst among the slave-herding ship com- in order to save the salvage money. Photo on the Yeft shows the end crew. O’Laughlin went down with the Vestris. The picture up alongside the S. S. Berlin. On the right are F. H. Sadowsii (left) panies, deliberately sent out a vessel which had not one chance in ten radio room where the heroic operator, O'Laughlin, continued until next to that showe some of the erew who lived to tell the tale. Next OHIO WORKERS IN WORKERS WILL DISCOVERS NEW SERUM AUSTRALIA COAL MINE GAMP AID FIGHT BETRAYERS ids Vitality of Poultry in Soviet Union DIGGERS HELP t LABOR DEFENSE IN SILK STRIKE MINERS OF US. and James Rae (right), two of the members of the crew, DELEGATE OF RE) HORRIBLE PRISON CELLS AlD DES C RI BES Portuguese Exiles Treated Like Beasts’ WORK IN EUROPE | KAZAN, Russia, Nov. 15 (UP)—| their egg-laying capacity after an |A serum credited‘with extraordinary | injection, | (Bi ren The only known experiment on a Powers ae Sivane ney at ieelee eo human was the injection of “Gistoli-| The Portuguese government ex- {hundreds of convicts resting~from iles its prisoners, among them polit-|their labors, Natives and white| ical prisoners, to the tropic prisons | men, like toil-worn beasts, had crept | in Africa, where conditions are hor-|to the shadow flung by a huge wall| Tells of Plans Future Activity yible, according to the correspondent | and sprawled there, éxhausted. human and animal organisms has zat” into the body of an 80-year-old| for for a London newspaper. He vis- ited two of these prisons in Africa, one at Loanda, on the West Coast; | be on view to the curious, And some | d should “It is despicable that men, herded like animals behind iron ba: \Send Donations to Aid Arrested Militants \Strikers Now Fighting | Bosses, Union Chiefs been developed at the Kazan Veter-| man. His resistance against fatigue | inary Institute by Prof. N. P. Tush-|was vastly increased, Professor noff. 4 Tushnoff said. Injections of the serum—called Militants Send Funds to New Masses Gibarti, representative of the/the other at Mozambique, on the|of the dungeons I saw at Mozam.| POWHATTAN POINT, Ohio,| Continued from Page One “Gistolizat”—increased the milk | Tushaote wes Goclere tne peeeeseer| International working class soli- German section of the W. I. R., last East Coast. He describes the pris- | bique would be considered a scan-| Nov. 15—The workers of this town,| Each of the left wingers categorical-|output of cows from 80 to 50 per Fat nonce anes the inv D the | aatity Va eeall CueD Rg eens night gave the Daily Worker a t ons in the following wor dal in European zoological.gardens | one of the mining camps which has|ly condemned these cynical pro-|cent and of goats by as abe Witted “sitet spire bee ee €/ day when the New Masses, prole- outline of the work in Europe “The Andamans, the British tropic if animals had been kept in them. | supported the National Miners posals and declared that the Strike y nited States and continue his ex-|tarian monthly magazine, received “The W. I. R. in € ing great prog many in its eff nak- s to prisons for Indi: which I visited 0; some years ago,.is a paradise in} The dungeons were built during the days of the slave traffic in Afric. Union, and militant labor organiza- tion have gone on record twice as Committee will continue its con- duct of the strike, and also demand- 80 per cent. Hens greatly increased] periments at their expense. a check of 20 pounds, about $100, from the Workers International reach the broad masses and enlist-| comparison with them. There are even women in this tropic |supporting thé Ohio District of the|ed an immediate membership meet- . |Union of Australia, mining depart- ing their aid in its relief work,” he} “tnside Loanda prison I found hell.” | International. Labor Defense. ing. | ] } ment, in response to an appeal said. “We are counteracting the Two weeks ago the South Slavic] At the strikers’ mass meeting | r printed in the magazine for the aid efforts of the capitalist state to de- se Tih eee | stroy the workers relief organiza- tions which are hindering their ra- WORKERS RELIEF CLEANERS UNION Lodge, S. N. P. J., §36, donated $30 this morning, Fred Hoelscher, chief of the struggling ‘miners in Penn- toward the defense of Frank Brbot,| of the bureaucratic officialdom, rose | one of the framed up victims of the|to the platform and brazenly _in- sylvania and Ohio. Natalie Gomez, business manager of the publication, tn emma = x institutions ne bourgeois Ais nes ‘formed the, membership that no i t : 1 r ¢ et ueons of the | ih hs t ' souey ae office Snnosiapes Lm pitad mene meetings wil Be nee ort Sunes aan i Hittinn vequires the W. 1, . : r ceipt of $28.20, raised as a contri-|called till “harmony” is achieve ‘ = gaa , ©. T. Vinal. ee ee TAG DAY COMING PUSHES DRIVE bution to the Free Speech Fund, and also not till the strike is over.| A $600,00 Contract Is| PoincareWinsMajority secretary of the eontributing onion, & } r Sai 8 with which to defend several work-;| This the workers greeted with in- ] | 4 ‘ q ’ * wrote: § \ ee Aghine ny Piela ila Mal —- ers who were recently arrested while |dignant shouts of protest, but Signed With Radical Aid wet, tome time ges Meg by the state, and demanding the ex-| Announce Stations for) Window Washers Fight sttempting to hold mass meetings. Hoelscher went right on. His next) LENINGRAD, U.S. 8. R., Nov.| PARIS, Nov. 15.—Preniier | tension of their activ for the benefit of the laboring masses, and against the requirements of capital- ist efficiency.” Relief In Crises. Getting Tags | | Continyed from Page One | ocal, 8, 15 E. Third St.; ian Labor Club, 66 E. Fourth Long Hours, Low Pay Plans for an.extensive drive to organize the 600 unorganized work- ers in the window cleaning industry The International Labor Defense|move was to demand from Sophie | has taken up the issue of these ar-|Streichman, the left wing head of} 15.—The Soviet Radio ‘Trust has rests, and the donation from Pow-|the relief committee, that she turn hattan comes as one of the first re-|over to him all records pertaining | sponses. |to the work of her committee. This | The workers in Powhattan Point| Was refused on the grounds that signed a contract with the Radio Corporation of America for the pur- chase of 1,200,000 rubles (about| $600,000) worth of radio apparatus, according to an announcement made Ray-| having many mines in this district mond Poincare’s new cabinet suc-/shut down. We have had to make ceeded in mustering a vote of con-|a fortnightly levy in order to care fidence in the chamber of deputies for our unemployed.” : : The attitude of the militant etiay when the “radicals! abstaines tng of Australia” and thé: yellow from voting. 1 + * sel’ * *. P vane. ‘ ive i + | i 7 % i or . |United Mine Workers of America Gibarti reviewed the work of the St.; Co-operative Cafeteria, 30 |are under way, actording to Harry recognize in the International Labor|the membership was overwhelming \v Tass, official Soviet news gency.| The v : Uni 2 W. I. R. in mobilizing all the moral| Union Square. |Feinstein, secretary of the Window Defense the powerful shield of the|in support of the old strike commit- “whe contract also provides for the | a Taare reranity ae neha |'8_ brought into sherp Ge ieeth td and financial power of the German Uptawas jCleaners’ Protective Union, Local 8.| working class, which stands. by ‘the|-6e and that no order of a few offi-| sending to the Soviet Union of|which was matked by one fist| see ine ee fade chs workers at the time of the Russian Czecho-Slovak Workers Home, |In a statement issued yesterday, | workers in all their struggles, and, °ials would be recognized as over-| 4 merican specialists to help the HONE hates’ kai a stralian mine workers’ leader, who famine, and in the crisis in Germany in 1923, as well at the time of tations and hindrances put in the B, * socialist, broke up the debate by |,,, ‘ i - the British general strike, and the| Workers Home, 350 E. Stst ,St.;|industry work under conditions that | — ra cute, Hoelscher, retaliated: by:| send gonte of itd Gngineers to Amer-|kicking "M. Clamamus, who xeplien |"¢, (corms tte Stim, and deter ge struggle. ees pales Unity , Co-operative House, 1800|compels us to take action in organ- get hele weakly relief Diiienat ica to study radio. achievements here. | with a stiff uppercut. Rival EFOUPS | are putting up ‘edawtah tein every Day ercinct zoe tha victine ee oy ‘ ‘ : gh ieee Bie aad A ety a (oka 5 and of the Irish famine in 1925. | Workers Reli itt Ps “ree ei ; statement he made as he threat- |sanity Detore President Bouisson in-| tn answer to the same printed “ 7 2 mine In I92o. |Workers Relief Committee, 461/few of the reasons why every win- y pee the télief Yeader with court | |vited the pair to finish their fight! 1 the New Masses also re- In Germany, Czecho-Slovakia,||enox Ave.; Non-Partisan Schule, |dow cleaner should be a member of i) leita Felson outside. leur a. cheb ¢6r"'R “pouhaue ten France, Holland and Sweden, the'194 %, 103rd St.; Women’s Coun-|the union. u aes 3 : nae Tb | wadority: “piven Poincare | ieitiapae aout. (eu aoa MEI W. I. R. called conferences of all|.; 43 E. 108rd St i s vt | When Louis Stein, right wing | shillings, about $27, from M. A. @ | ‘Rg ‘i 5 “| cil, 1, 143 E. 108rd St. ‘On the other hand, the militant H . Aa j;would have been small, but all but) ister, Id ‘mi f organizations interested in social i f A chairman of the old strike commit- ; f ea, |Bannister, a 68-year-old miner of & ; Ei OS ET Aa arate Bronx. window cleanérs, organized in Local . Zea | é , \cight radicals abstained from vot-| New Souzh Wal welfare work, pointing out the limi- 7 . tee, went to take the chair at the e ew Sout ales. A. F. W, Bakers Local, 164, 3468 |8, enjoy a 44-hour week with $45 as|Hearg to Run Down ing. 247 E. 72nd St.; Spanish Workers | Club, 53 W. 113th St.; Hungarian Feinstein said: “The unorganized workers in our viding the ‘will of the membership. | pledge their support to the work of Storms of excited protest filled the |the I. L. D. continuously. opening of the meeting, he was met | U. S. S. R. develop its radio equip- | ment, while the Soviet Union will) continues: Communist deputy. M. Marsais, a| “In making this small donation The eight had resigned from is i i O05 < rkers Cen-|the minimum wage. These. condi- * * \ wi their party after a session this ‘ way of their work by the capital-| Third Ave.; Bronx Workers Ce H | with a barrage of shouts from the | fe sees eR ‘ ists, urging a working class basis|ter, 1230 Wilkins Ave; Low jHom ane not ae to Me a Rothstein Killer nahh alte ddatiendcl tac bene Thousands at Big Meet |morine i? we id a decided | F Afor relief and social welfare work.|Bronx Workers “Center, 715 E.|*ilver pl latter, e had to fight for | “ F | why thé strike Comifilttes ‘of ‘thelr {continue to withhold active support | A conference to be held next month| 138th St. Women’s Councils: 1668 |them. gos eiented eras eae Ce |choiée was not permitted to wok. | WOte for Walkout | trom the government. in Paris will unite all the popular|Vyse Ave. 640 E. 189th St, 1887| “For a number of years, through tions with underworld characters) At a mass meeting of women The voting created only“ passing opposition of French working class| Washington Ave., 2700 Bronx Park|a series of short and successful Whom any rookie detective can lo-|workers, presided over by Lena Continued trom Page One excitement, although police cordons FY groups and social welfare workers|E., 2075 Clinton Ave. 2711 Wil-| strikes, we have wrested for our-|¢ate on one hours notice, the knowl-|Chernenko, special women’s organ-|the socialist labor betrayers who | Were called to hold back crowds out- | oe against the “rationalized” social liamsbridge Rd., 1387 Washington) selves something better than what|¢dge of the whereabouts of dozens jzer, a resolution denouncing in the |line up with the bosses. side the chamber in the afternoon. pane welfare schemes of the government Ave., 1472 Boston Rd. our unorganized brothers have to | 0f those closely connected with the most emphatic terms the strike-| The workers in the dress indus-|It had been expected that—with the (Red Aid Petes Service) and the.“Union Nationale”, the aim Brooklyn. contend with. former gambler without a single ar- breaking tactics of the officialdom, try, ‘in calling’ for strike prepara- |¢xception of the eight radicals who ZAGREB, Yugoslavia By Mail).— of which is similar to schemes of| w+ : : “We would consider ourselves |7°St_by_ the police—what is all this! were unanimously passed. tions do so with the full knowledge | Voted for the government—big to- ‘orker, Michail Becardi, who rs Women’s Counc 6 Manhattan but ‘pliin T. ER 1 t | i x Fa Rea Waulll be Sano ty 4h The worker, 5 American employers to make more| aye 154 “Watkins 1965 Bath|traitors to the labor movement if| vee ae Creat HST abil | At the strikers’ meeting, Organ- | Of the fact that in the coming strug- | eeaPhiient mustered by the was sentenced by a court to three efficient slaves of the exploited] 41.” 1131 Rutland 17 Brigh-|we did not struggle to organize the|, Whom is Tammany Hall shield-|;,0. poteka declared that if the left |#le they will have to face two ene-|0vernment. months prison, did not get his free- kc 4xVOiy a oer iat : Fs Wat ;, |ing?, this is the question! xe 3 mies, and as speaker after speaker| In asking confidence for the goy- o ; Pea ton Beach Ave,, 1373 48rd St., 604 | entire industry in New York. Within |"“Gy'. toes of Rothatein's tie-up with Wimgers do not get out by tomor- | mies, P Peoeet | ernment at present, the premier in. 10 back after serving his sentence, “There will be a conference in| Gutter Av ers|a short time we will launch an in-| . ~278 staid ay nited TOW he would issue instructions to | Pointed out, the only way to fight| ‘4 > the premier in- tut was given over to the Zagreb Sutter Ave, Lithuanian Workers Vienna of the enlarged of the W. I. R.” Gibarti s will be held ¢/Club, 46 Ten Eyck St.; Scandinavian | Workers Club, I. O. G. ‘, Hall, 65th ténsive drive to unionize every win dow cleaner in the city. | dope peddling were made by United |States Attorneys John Blake and Alvin Sylvester after they conferred the Syrian workers that they go back to work immediately. The last with chances of victory is to fight|formed his opponents that they, both at the same time. One is the Would have a splendid opportunity to attempt to defeat the government police who exiled him from the city for a period of five. years. in J s ae Peoples Home, 652| “The open-shop plants, it was|< apiece Saitat mk part of his statement was made in dress manufacturer and the other is ‘ Since October 8 the worker, Ste- take up the p a a eel haa - Rega ele Long Hearted qresterday, jare using al ati ee rads anne on the midst of a flood of hisses and the officialdom and the’ squads of PEL Sear sae budget’ ban Stepanic, was in a Zagreb police in industrial struggles. It is to be) island, Women's Council 14,1 Ful-|methods to combat the militant or-|5"0 ier, and Mauriee Cantor, Roth, CXtCals that rose from the assem- gangsters the officials of the de- P ; station, in order to be sent baek to attended by nearly left ni Be Middle Village; Astoria, |ganizing policy of the union,” Fein- eae janes, ” “ blage. A more concrete example of funct International may send to i his home town with the next trans- leaders of the t union “NSed Sts Staten Telahg. 110 |stein: said. sMhe. cumuler’s connection with bald faced strikebreaking was as break the strike. Another Hollywood ~ port. He ape reas a gas ment.” Ics stinarces eieelt2| Caan: Wom- ee | (ae A Ac 7 SLi Yet not offered, were the cries heard, The decision on the strike does not * for a period of five years. Glbarti praised the work done by| Victory Blvd; Coney Island, Wom j dope peddlers’ was first indicated |\n hry the ean | Aly Hanae teva cath Gouna Arsenal Explosion (tye sindent, Alfred Bergmann the Wr im the Und. Ste conte 200) Mermaid Ae, |Office Workers Organ ls isly wien be ves all fF “nie ie wing yestday ane ual” immtintcly. “The Gustes| ouaywoob, eae, won, asf asite cas wee ae al i Se Aa ae PAPE ow . ay! Sa 6s i D an ‘ 5 alif., ‘ov. 2 i and its plans for enlarged member- Het” Statins ‘Carries the Message Samuel Stein’ after their arrest on VOUnCed that plans are alkeady be- must yet go to the local meetings, (UPYLSTho Aracnal ab the vista ook 32 days and were only given ship to enable it to tinuously on behalf need of help. tion con workers in Downtown, 60 St. Mark’s Pl., 101 W. 27th St.; Uptown, 100 E. 108rd | St, 351 E. 8lot St; Bronx, 1400 1330 Wilkins Ave., of Clas Solidarity Worker,’ “The Office organ of ing executed for the publication of a daily strike bulletin, which will be the organ of the real strike com- mittee and will discuss daily issues to charges of conspiracy to violate the federal narcotics law. Where Is “Tough Willie?” | | | where the problems to he faced will! be discussed from all angles. | Great demonstrations greeted the s 4 over to the court a few days ago. politan Studio blew up this after-| Both are accused with “Commun- big } ism,” with no evidence against them. The explosion was the second of} Because they demonstrated a 5 Boston Road, SV EReuIEL Seed «i . “Tough Willie” McCabe, Chicago ; : [introduction of the two chief speak-| its kind in two days, the arsenal i o i Olgin Will Speak 2700 Bronx Park E, 715 B. 186th _Pitice Workers’ Union ‘made’ sccstat, had not beat heard tiem) nate hoe em mere. a8 ers, Ben Gold of the Furriers’ First National hatte, byvtog “on: |g a teaeias bance ve coe sd ? Rn spibso as A Workers | TiS the message of class solidarity | . “|the “harmony” proposals of the re-| * A Sah Se et Se Da esata eRe Sa Children’s Committee For Workers | it" (6 vet of that vast army ot tify. Neither had George McManus, actionary clique in control of the tee. Gold’s announcement that he Workers Center annual Sunday forum Bronx. M. J. Olgin will be a sy T » | Brooklyn, 217 Brighton Beach Ave., Relief Stations. 1111 Rutland Road, 154 Watkins white coll: unorganized office worker is a worker, toiling for wages and subjected to wretched “Honest Gambler” and suppaged wit- | Joint Board is now on the press and known interests by declaring he | the officials and of their A. F. of | was financially involved in Vantines,|L. betrayal methods in conducting |Co"Vention of both unions in Decem- soon hopes to appear before the! step, which is to be taken at the Waters’ cover’ the Bronx Downtown: Uptown, Lia E ioded | "ho are in need of ite’ message, go what Wight: bavake, ie eg al a id dearpgecomprignaiean oa hadgit suonieert ve Antibsaed | orkers’ Center > ark’s Pl.; Uptown, 143 E. 108 On the first of the eight pages e membership, as a rallying agent for | x; ‘ aga Se | 7 7 5 2 n e ig pag a 2 . ng age . + . nif day everiing, N the 350 E. 85th St, 15 W. 126th | hich go to make up the first num. |" #Ppear voluntarily apparently continued struggle against the silk Needle Trades Union and not as aim : Y (il headquarters Av Bronx, 1400 Boston Rd., 2075 is; 7 sit ;_|failed to reach the missing -wit-| bosses, guest, was given an uproarous ova-| (Freeman St. station.) 2 Boston Rd.,’2700 | ber, the alm of the publication. is | posses, After a sharp denunciation of the |i": All speakers dwelt with and |{_ This occasion will he 1668 Vyse Ave. 715 |Clearly stated: aim of this paper| Rothstein's brothers enlarged the! legal dissolution of the stsike ear, |@t0used great Enthusiasm when they| ll beginning of the secor of |, 188th St. 42 EB. 145th St.; to hammer home the truth that the | CV¢?-Widening circle of the gambler’s/ mittee as a strikebreaking step by | spoke of the coming amalgamation / I, er Sunday, on Immec St., 56 Manhattan Ave., 1965 Bath conditions like his fellow worker in |the Rothmere, Lark and Cedarpoint| the strike, the statement of the left | 2° BALL Facing American Bath Ave., 1342 43rd St.; Staten ace: sill caine ae eictany Corporations, as well as in the 5ist/wing strike committee rejects the| . Charles S. Zimmerman, head of speakers will be Island, 110 Victory Blvd.;- Coney |* rs 4 sfill show tat faith ee stantly | Steet corporation, “the Fairfield fake harmony proposal, and calls | the dress department, Ross Wortis, William W. Weinstone and, 2901 Mermaid Ave. =, | watisects d te abuses of ‘all. kinds, CotPoration, the Hooper Corporation |upon the workers to follow them Sectetary of the N. 0. C, Emma| im ; , Rebecca Grécht. The pie bes an da enslovusel toate ee mia oy end others. jand the National Textile Workers’ | Yanninsky, of Boston, J. H. Cohen, I i will be the quarters of t el Kill d Attempting ioe ness Nate peel nied pei Inez Norton, former showgirl and) Union into more militant struggle |shop chairman leader, 1. Horowitz, } \a Shoe Workers’ School, which | AMUE tile, tha spesdltty sapatain, Aeon: one-sixth beneficiary in the gambler’s | that will win the strike and real|of the left wing cutters’ union and i al ay ve., ec. mn | to Dodge Automobile disputed estate, was called back! union conditions. Hi. Koretz were the other y from Atlantic City for questioning | er speakers, less dismissals and long spells of J. Weinberg, assistant head of the | unemployment. of units of the oncert of a ser’ ‘te the working: ty, branches of the Interne ‘aka ak and of the Women’s MANDOLIN CONCERT Freiheit Mandolin at 8:30 p. m. \, The Pi thie un num- by member! if TROY, N. Y., Nov. 15 (UP).—| Attempting to codge an approach-| ing automobile after she alighted from a bus, Miss Mary Burns, 43,) ister of Rey. Edmund Burns, prin-| cipal of Troy Catholic High School, was almost instantly, killed when she ran directly in front of ‘the car.) ‘ies will MAY APPEAL SENTENCE. CAMDEN, J., Nov. 15 (UP).— peal may be taken for Joe rogram “Tt will tell the office worker the truth about himself and make him |realize that the treatment he gets | gives the lie to the fiction that the worker in an office ‘belongs to a ‘privfleged caste.’ The paper is ably edited by Jer- ome Romain and ¢ontains many good ‘departments. Among these are “Truths from the® Typewriter,” a column of workers’ correspond- ence, “Books and Such,” by A. B. (preparatory to becoming gne of a| number of possible witnesses before a Pederal Grand Jury. WOMEN’S COUNCIL PARTY ‘Women’s Council, 18, of Boro Fark, will have a tea party and in- |teresting lecture tomorrow evening at 1873 48rd St. Admission free. Everybody invited, , LO, THE POOR MILLIONAIRE s Child Killed in Tub of Boiling Water | UTICA, Ne Y., Noy. 15 (UP).— While his mother’s attention was di- verted for a moment, Salvatore Me- dice, 12, tumbled into a tub of boil- ing water and died a few minutes after being pulled out. The child had’ been playing while his mother was washing. dress department was chairman of the meeting. AT MADISON SQUARE GARDEN Town Council Sends_ {|_| Police to Aid Scabs WAUKESHA, Ill, (By Mail).— The increasing demand for police- men to protect strikebreakers of the Davis Adler Co., plant here is causing some hesitancy even in the x ead the or-|Cimini, alleged Philadelphia gang-| 8 ‘ The gestate of the late Henry ranks of the comrhon council. ave ster, wh was sentenced today 0] NAG torial page. “"" *|Huntirton, California milfionaire,| FIERCE STORM IN JAMAICA. | One alderman said that the soon- rou ese a; E te five years in the State Prison for yi oat a bond issue of $9,500,000| KINGSTON, Jamaica, Nov. 15|er the scabs got out of town, the . ° P. nockaltnt pty ad ee rake the slaying of “Polack Joe Devon Workers, fight nll ciasn-colinbos | With which to pay its taxes and to}(UP).—A fierce storm which start-| better it would be, But the coun- Daily Worker ‘Fretheit . ensue pact sha crenten the jlast January. Cimini, also said to ration schemes of the Pounds ana pay notes Huntington gave in pur-|ed Wednesday was still blowing to-| cil granted the request of the com- hE was. con pee [hat be a gangster, was shot in a po- ain a bitebeiven chasing art treasures. The estate | night after having destroyed 500,000| pany for two more policemen to ism, Dow litical club last January. of the bosses, was last appr&ised at $42,000,000, | banana trees. ‘ aid the scabs. }