The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 24, 1927, Page 3

Jage Three xr DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, MONDAY, OCTOBER 24, ussia After Ten Years Report of the American Trade Union Delegation to USSR ' The following is the third instalment of the re.)){time to the work, their regular wages being|culture purposes under the collective agree-|its activities. He also interprets the acts as At its general: mectiNge of 1 orkels each Z port of the, first American Trade Union Delega-|||Paid to them while engaged in this service.)ment. decisions of the factory committee to the rank factory ‘ delegates to a. county _confer- ' tion to Soviet Russia, in the words of the delega: | In a typical factory of more than 1,000 work-; The standardization-conflict committee is{and file. On January 1, 1925, there >/ence of the union. This ¢ in turn, % tion. The report will be published in The Here jers there is a factory committee of three, one usually represented on the workers’ side by | 200,000 of these delegate the U. S. S. R.; elects the county administra f the uhion. ‘ WORKER in successive issues until hin eohea y|member of which is usually called the presi-|two or three of the most intelligent men in|4 Year later there were over 870,000. Above the county is the more important pro- |dent, another the secretary and the third us-' the factory. Upon it falls the heavy respon- “Actives,” zed at annual 4 Trade Union Structure ually the chairman of the sub-committee on sibility of bargaining for wage rates and 5 fu from {ERE ‘ 1 ORR Ee |the protection of labor. a d settling disputes, either individual or collec- HE active workers, of t t “actives ae s in ae A ieslade are only twenty-three national) The committees hold office for one year. | tive, they are called, are those union members also ; trade unions in Soviet Russia. All of these| However, their work may be reviewed and a| Produvagece reid heck hee ‘k in| Who hold some position of responsibility, no congress of ¢ are organized on industrial lines. There is nO| new election held at the end of six months if| Ghat een ae Seay aa ze wee ie matter how low in the trade union system.;the 1 industr 2 national i such thing as a craft union, no carpenters’) the workers demand it. And in most unions Late Lar _ oe iy . ae ee He They are not the hired employes and elected | cong? tur Commit- b union, plasterers Dey pressmen's union Or} the committee, or individual members of Uy awe spa i oe 2 aie ea yh TOM | officials of the trade union, but only those te union & weavers’ union. There is a building workers’| may be recalled and a new election held on re.|° £0 15 members chosen by the factory com- who are working in the plant. Most of them || f ull meet- : union, a metal worker F union, a textile work- quest of one-third of the members. berth ~— ude Rs vie ae Peete full time work at their regular jobs and ing of the e] a presid- E ers’ union, a printers’ union, and So on. The} In every factory having a factory commit snes Be a ta li mesemuy tile be Fah give their spare hours to union activity. ium or group ¢ I d t the work = Russian workers told us that their unions} toe we found the following sub-committees at|Pcrsonnel. They carry out the production|°"'” umber of those “actives” varies from|°! the national union between sessions of the e have pyofited by observing the craft unions} work: protection of labor, culture, standard- work described hereafter. ee oe phe pape spr caaee aie Central Committee. ' in other countries as well as in their own | ization-conflict, and production. A member] The factory committee plays a very impor- ee ine a - hats ae eeute age ; + ua ne § where, even after the revolution of 1917, a|of the committee usually heads each sub-com-|tant role in the workers’ lives. It is subor-|13 Per eal ee eth : , ment of we separaee wide variety of small craft unions had come] mittee, The other members are either from| {inate to the higher trade union organs, Bie eee oe ap ie - eae ‘ union has v Impc a He bor into existence. They modeled their unions on| the committee or are appointed by it from the|Within its sphere it is the free and powerful |Members, duc 9) oe: delegat hae ) vee : tion to rec ah ing the ‘ : factory industrial lines, apparently a necessity where| ranks of the workers. ‘ : agent of the workers, defending their rights i and OUR SEEIN ho Syl saiy the list be une conreate es directs all the work of the coun- workers control industr However, in some | The chief functions of the sub-committees|@d representing their everyday interests, | “activ ee he sugar bi Y ke v's wat for oe ty der it as well as ile v¢ te of t ie sasheeh of the unions there are special craft or de-|are the following: The protection of. labor | Because of the nature of the Soviet state and peta aims ¢ jas oe ph all gp com nittec Ss It he S the righ to change or partmental groups associated chiefly for| committee carries on all the work connected | the organization of economic life in Russia,| Members. There are nearly 2,000,000 “ac- annul the work of th organs, just as scientific purposes, such as the engineering | the whole U.S. S. R. i : 2 4 | with the protection of the worker against ill and technical sections of practically every na-| health and industrial accidents. It sees to it, tiona. union. |for instance, that laws relating to sanitation the Central Commi trial union has th sions of the provincial |factory councils in no other country have as|tives” in much power or: perform more vital services, They have no dixect control or responsibility ional indus- ule the deci- tions if their Separate Industria! Unions. organ The Factory Committee. jand the guarding of machines are carried out |! management, but they operate in various EFORE estimating the character of the|“€¢!sions eer ann rote es ae pea \to the letter. It directs the sending of work-|W@Ys to check those tendencies toward bur-, work carried on by the inter-union organ- | !#id down at the ae oe Peters HE foundation stone in the trade union) ers to hospitals, rest homes and sanitariums:|®2ucracy; which are especially dangerous in| izations we may note the structure of the 23 | Provincial offices create their own cultural, a socialist state. wage, economic and organization departments. They also set up special unemployment regis- tration bureaus, information bureaus, book distribution departments and libraries, statis- tical departments, legal aid bureaus, engineer- ing and technical sections and similar bureaus en a gubernia-wide scale. The national industrial unio likewise, hest organ above the fac- have the same departments and bureaus in op- The uyezd might be said to | €ration, only they serve the w hole U. S. S. R. jand supervise the lower union organizations, structural organization is the factory|the erection and maintenance of communal committee. These committees consist usually! baths and laundries; supervises children’s in- of three union members in a factory having] stitutions operated in connection with the fac- from 25 to 300 workers, five members for| tory; and interests itself in the establishment those with 300 to 1,000; seven members for|and maintenance of cooperatives and workers’ those from 1,000 to 5,000 and nine for all) apartment houses. those having more than 5,000. The number! The culture (or education-culture) commit- is much greater ‘n some unions, the Central! tee carries on a wide variety of activities in- Committee fixing the size, They are elected | tended to raise the cultural level of the work- usually at general mectings of the factory ors, to inc se their industrial qualifications workers where every worker, union or non-|and to entich their lives, during work and union, if he is eligible for the union, has the |Jeisure. It organizes classes, circles, lectures,|make formal written reports to the workers|while a gubernia or province could be com-|ineluding the provincial administrations. All { right to cast a vote. Voting is not by secret | concerts, movies, libraries, schools, clubs,|:vhom they represent and hold a general dele-|pared to a state.) The order of importance, | the national unions have their headquarters hallot but by a show of hands. Only union! sports and physical-culture ‘activities, excur-/ gates’ meeting twice a month. But the chief|then, would be—factory céminitted, county |in the Palace of Labor in Moscow, along with workers may be on the committee. sions, reading rooms, choirs, and theatricals.| service of the delegate is to speak for his! conference, provincial ¢ 33, and finally,|the offices of the Central Council of Trade The factory committee has members, chosen |It takes charge of the expenditure of the ithe national or federal | Unions. | small group of workers and to make their in-| s of the indus- | by the committee itself, who devote their full} money paid by the industry te the union for}fluence felt on the factory committee and inj trial union. separate unions whose combined jurisdiction covers all those who work for hire on Soviet territory. To keep the rank and file of the workers, The better informed concerning the activities of above, is the factory committees and to bring forward | next highest organ varies in different unions. more effectively the desires and demands of |In Central Russia where the gubernia (prov- the workers, factories with more than 200} ince) is the larger geographical division, the | workers have factory delegates. These are|uyezd is the next hi chosen every six months by the workers—one tory committee. delegate to about 10 worke The delegates | correspond roughly to an American county Factory Delegates. tory committee, as the primary organ of the union. The we. have noted gg EERIE TR oS memanmnm ma (To be continued in tomorrow’s Dai y Worker.) Two Army Officers Get> Bishop Damns His Accusers. ‘British de rops: jaccording to figures made publie by British Unemployment Grows. f Pai : _D op 7 ae ne gponra of Trade yesterday. The! LONDON, Oct. 12 (By Mail) —Am esult of USSR Break stump th Santen tegde 18 AveIUUEeD | ewRge of in the number ‘of the Ur SS Be unt the Sonat With jobless workers for the week ending 1).— eee sen ae Br ; ~*~ October 3rd is reported by the Min- LONDON, Oct. 13 (By M 1 ] . in Ni ocrowmanee, ® 4.00315 AbCHSEd Disappear White Guard Groups Posts in Nicaragua to decision under date of October by} j Ensure US. Domination Cardinal Gasparri, papal secretary of in Trial f fe mia Qutla eit i § i t 5 7 res on h q [ )] Wy i vie British exports have dropped alm istry of Labor. The total number of MANAGUA, Nicaragua, Oct. 23.—} n Providence the right to excom- $300,000,000 and imports appro jobless workers was reported as 1,- {municate from the ‘church anybody, . . § 000,000 in the last r, i A NEW READER! 075,900. who hales him before the state courts Communist Leaders Persian Peace Pact ~ ~ nee ; = aetna ae Si on charges of misuse of funds. Four | : {state, gives Wm.-A. Hickey, the American domination of Nicaragua or five members of the Bishops dio-! hop of the Roman Catholic Church| was further ensured with the ap- pointment of Major Robert J. Jor- dan as collector of Customs at the| Port of Corinto and of Captain Alton | ee . AUGHE Ridin’ file a | a | A. Gladden of the Marine Corps to|‘ese alee they canght him in the) poprin, Oct. 12 (By Mail)—-The| MOSCOW, Oct. 10 (By Mail).—| + T head the Federal penitentiary in|*~’ “ ? trial of the members of the Central|The Soviet-Persian Guarantee of | REE INGS O SOVIE i RUSSI Managua. | WANTED — MORE READERS! |Executive Committee of the German | Neutrality Pact signed in Moscow on | Gladden was appointed a Major in the Guardia Nacional. % ae {Communist Party, charged with |October 1st provides for the mafn- \“high treason parations for tenance of neutrality between the two Jan armed up fs been indefi- | countries. White Guard organiza- jnitely postponed, while a search for |tions, operating in Persia, are ott- the aceused is being’ zonducted. | lawed: by the terms of the pact. | The trial which was scheduled to! ‘The article barring Russian White | jhave taken place at Leipsic on Octo-| Guard groups from Persia states, | SE SS OSS SSE SC ES SOLS S | SESE SESS E SSS SSCS S SSS Eee eco ‘esesesleeue ARE YOU GETTING THEM? On the ~ | Third Annual Conference OF THE |ber 4th, two days after the monarch-|that “the parties undertake not to| RUSSIAN jist celebration of Hindenburg’s birth- FsGppore or allow in their territories | REVOLUTION }day, was adjourned when none of the | the creation or activities of organiza- |tions or groups pursuing the object Accused Disappear. of struggling against the government Several thousand workers have al-|of the other party thru violent meth- ready been convicted on similar | ods.” charges; but the trial of the members | Provisions for a peaceful settle- of the Central Executive Committee | ment of “such differences as vhay ex- |has been postponed since 1923 be-list between” the two countries and |eause many of them were in the |for the “full liberty of international Reichstag and had partiamentary im- | relations aside from obligations un- | munity while the others disappeared. | dertaken in the treaty” aré also made | The Reichstag had granted the |in the treaty. Court, headed by the counter-revolu-| The pact is signed by Chicherin, tionary Niedner, permission to try:| People’s Commissar of Foreign Af- its Communist members, but it had] fairs, and Ali Coli Khan Ansari, not taken away their right of par-| persian foreign minister. liamentary immunity. The Commu-! eee jaccused appeared. re the special issues of The DAILY WORKER to be printed on November 7, the opportunity to send per- sonal greetings to Soviet Russia is given to American workers. These names will appear in the celebration proceedings—they will be published in The DAILY WORKER in a special hon- or roll. To cover the ex- pense of printing, all names nist members of the Reichstag were not therefore liable to arrest. ngs No Victims—No Hanging. British ffort | The Court is making every e' - International Labor Defense | IRVING PLAZA HALL (15 Irving Place) November 12-13th Fortieth Anniversary Uaymarket Martyrs All Workers’ Organizations Send Delegates For information write to National Conference Headquarters | 80 East 11th Street ‘oom 402 New York City | an to bring the members of the C. E. C.! to trial—but not even a German} Niednern Couzt can hang persons un- | lless they fine them—and the triai of | jie aceused has been postponed. Mineral Concession LONDON, Oct. 2: --Fruits of the will be published at 25 cents a name. Send your name— send the names of others— Anniversary of the Russian greet the Russian workers on the Tenth | ea ene | British mandate in Palestine were | Revolution. British Miners Plan | picked by the Brunner and Mond e <A ae : —— —__—4 | ‘chemical interests with the award of | Toy 2 Sx} ot a area casual Sesee Tare iv | March on London for the rich Dead Sea mineral concession | Tur DAILY WORKER, 33 First Streer, New York, N. Y. Parliament’s ype ning |°o. he aberialy Giemveey Company. | Enclosed $........ . for greetings from the following workers, (At 25 cent i s | Referring to the concession, the |London Times declares: “Thus ends s ‘ “ 7). the prolonged struggle of powerful in- the: proposett iarch, ot Routh Wales | tcreste British, American and Euro- miners to London on November: 8 pean, for the most coveted prize in when parliament opens will be con-| peo es, Saat rae | aeerh i the Executive of the South | ane i fiishag hovel aces | Wales Miners Federation at its next | Wich has been competed for in mod- menting ,ern times.” W. Hammington, national organizer ;of the National Unemployed Work- ers’ Committee Movement, in ¢on- junction with miners’ representatives, | «Brother Andre,” Montreal’s “mir- | is making arrangements for the ” ‘ march. The Bristol Trades Council RE tl ae hee ee | cr’ | “faith cures” here, became ill from, ee by ‘eady offered the marchers its| indigestion and is now in a hospital. | ospitality : |Andre has held forth for years! The purpose of the march is to among the French-Canadian cath-| focus attention on the distress and! olics in the vicinity of Montreal, | unemployment in the coal fields. A. J, Cook, secretary of the Miners’ rang Federation, is acting as treasurer of BUY THE DAILY WORKER the committee in charge, AT THE NEWSSTANDS | LONDON, Oct. 13 (By Mail). “Faith Cure” Man in Hospital. SPRINGFIELD, Mass., Oct. 2: | (Write plainly or PRINT.) nines ORDER YOUR COPIES OF THE NOVEMBER EDITION NOW. 7TH PRICE $1.50 PER HUNDRED.