The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 13, 1927, Page 3

* ~ THE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 13. 1927 | -— — ¢ | | | USSR WORKING AND PEASANT WOHENNEEW'S FROM. U. S. S. R. ‘aioe: mst FOREIGN WORKERS AEE ON, FORANe WOMMERE GS WONED 2 2 Sethian elt Fae crete men ewig Sel]. Teper bene tlee SEND NEW cROUPS | Annual Holiday for Manual and Brain-Workers | function being agricultural propaganda. | * . in the U.S. S. R. : | Statistics for 1926 give the following picture of the| Urge They Defend Soviet Union and Chinese re laws of ezarist Russia which concerned themselves | activity of Soviet farms. i] _ Moscow, Labor Delegates Gather | for November Jubilee s > only with the interests of the employers did not do| ‘The area of corn land ploughed by the labor forces of| | go Revolution; History of Congress MOSCOW |much to protect the labor of manual and brain-workers. | the Soviet farms of the State Agricultural Syndicate | | There was no special legislation for fixed working hours, | and the Sugar Trust was increased in the past year by) f working and peasant women, there holidays, special factory clothes for workers, ete. It 161,055 dessiatines. ¥ g ; | will be held local conferences and con-| W&8 only after the October Revolution that the working | The total production of Soviet farms also increased. | ventions to which the wide masses|Cla8s secured the right to rest, the right to have an | In 1925-26 it amounted in the same Soviet farms to 132} of working and peasant women are) annual holiday. The duration of holidays depends on a| million roubles worth, whereas the total production of ous peasant a tions Germ jSlavia, Br | Lithuania, {China, Cer |have notified Three S.R., organizations gated the state of 1 h of population of Leningrad. The sults of this investigation are ve | ifying in re d to the post- ember achievements in this Morality in Leningrad has ed from 21.9 per 1000 in- mts in 1912 to 14.4 in 192 37 per cent. Infant mortality has decreased 38 per cent in com- parison the pre-Revolution period, ety-five per cent of re- MOSCOW, U. S. S. R., Oct. 12.— The Congress of Working and Peas- ant Women has addressed a letter of greeting to the Comintern requesting it to transmit fraternal greetings to the working and peasant women of all countries which are struggling un- der the leadership of the Comintern | against capitalist oppression. The) | Congress calls the toiling women of to be attracted. At those conferences |Number of circumstances; generally speaking it is be- | the current year is approximately estimated at 150 mil-| and conventions the questions on the tween a fortnight and a month, and in some cases two | lion roubles worth. In percentages this means an in-| | he agenda will be thoroughly thrashed|™months and more, Adolescent workers are given a long- | crease of 21 percent last year and 13.6 percent in the out, and delegates will be elected to/e holiday than adult workers. People employed in in- | current year. — é : . the conference of working and peas-|ustries injurious to health and a few other categories Compared with 1924 the average increase in the pro-| ant women of the U.S. S. R. (people working in outlying districts), get a longer | duction of the chief cereals is as follows: w all com ‘vies actively to participate in Wotadaw Astine jholiday. A fortnight’s holiday is the general rule. This | 1924 | the mothers have visited the Con-| | Agricultural Co the defense of the first Socialist Re- ‘The first conference of this kind|i8 8 ™inimum. Arrangements for longer holidays can | Rye i | sultation Rooms which have at-| |S. R. of th public and to support the Chinese! wae held in 1918. Since then the|D@ made in the collective or labor agreement. In quite | Wkeat (winter sowing) | tended, in the course of the year, | tions to Mos to 1,500,000 children and | pregnant women. The network of, | | medical centres, dispensaries etc. calculated to attend to 45,000 cases per day. Wheat (spring sowing) TS Aiea ‘ 66.5% Production in some of the best managed Soviet farms| exceeds the production of the surrounding peasant fields | ‘age Soviet farms | a number of cases all the employes of an enterprise, in- | cluding semi-skilled workers, get a four-weeks holiday. Regardless of collective agreements a month’s holiday is given, as we already mentioned, to all adolescent | 300,006 tobe: 2 | Revolution. The Congress also sent 300,000 | | October cele greetings to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the U. § S. R. and other proletarian organiza- cause of attracting the women to active participation in Soviet con- struction has made gigantic strides. There are already over 150,000 women The delegates wil n Octobe i : oe ‘ 411 | Workers, i. e, under 18 and also to apprentices in factory | by 50 and more percent, and i 1 ) ; i hs Mingo emcee! Bowes a schools, works and private handicraft workshops, etc. by 10 to 12 percent. Moreover, in years of drought, | . 2 According to inf r Called at Anniversary. ing part in the different sections and | a he right to rest is an inalienable conquest of the production on Soviet farms does not fluctuate as much a the ALU mien of i The Congress of “ Working and) commissions of the Soviets and upon working class in the U. S. S. R. laid down in the labor as production on peasant farms. fey ; | ji By nin .& or 3 e. Peasant Women was convened by the other sections and commissions of the | code. Article 114 of the code says: “All persons working In regard to cattle br ling, we get a similar picture. of from f trons Presidium of the Central Executive! Soviets and upon other public bodies, |for wages, after being in continuous. employment not In 1926 increase in the Soviet farms of the state agri- eee RE Sa Committee of the Soviet Union in con-| In the last Soviet elections the women | /ess than 5% months, are entitled to a fortnight’s holi- | cultural syndicate was as follow delegation, irty > les nection with the celebrations for the occupied a far more prominent place | day once a year. This regular holiday does not depend ig horn cattle ... 6.0% ing »e ment, they get leave of absence apart from the usual’| holiday. Moreover, the labor laws provide for the pres- ervation by manual and brain workers of their average Bi rium betwee li 1 5 Bi Tenth Anniversary of the November than in the preceding year; nearly 8; the state of health of the worker. It goes without Sheep (Gaepetoeece iL : Mc ne a Revolution. In issuing its call for the million women took part in the ¢ ying that whenever workers are taken ill or injured, C Horses: .. - |ingrad and other towns in the Soviet i Congress the following statement tions. Every year bring’s an increase ¢t¢» and women workers during pregnancy and confine- Py aa Wu eee lc ims eave: A0evereent eal i | Union nd participate in the was made by A. Yenukidze, seeretary}in the number of women occupying to the Central Executive Committee! the posts of chairmen of village Sov- | of the U.S. S. R.: liets and other institutions and or-} the Te tion on jee |of the November Rev ‘Fear Communist Gains| th Anniversary ion. Mexicans Sends Mendez. This development of Soviet farms was coupled with! improved labor conditions of agricultural Jaborers and The presidium of the Central Ex-| ganizations, in spite of numerous ob-|¢atnings during their regular holiday and also during | with eg ares 2 sabresee eactte Coen A . The workers’ and peasants’ organte ecutive Committee of the U. S. 8. R./stacles and prejudices which consist incapacity to worl. Shoe RE joaverage precent since 1924 in the Soviet farms of] in Elections zations @f Mexico are also reported is convening for the Tenth Anniver-!as yet in various sections of our} Speaking of a “two weeks’ holiday,” we mean 14 cal- | the State Agricultural Syndicates. | jto be ding delegates to the cele sary of the November Revolution a/ Union, jendar days which generally constitutes 12 working days, | | This rapid development of Sovict farms had the fol-) Warsaw oet. 12 Negotiations | rations. The Mexican nal Pea- iy . i P a ‘ eee ;: ini: 3 * vi ras: . é ne , i ame ‘otla 10NS | z FS 3 conference of working and peasant! The work of Soviet construction de- | this being the minimum holid: But on an average | lowing result: for the $72,000,000 loan by a group | Sant League has appointed Pable with | In 1926 the peasant population was provided 5 : Pi pop pre i «lof international done towards im-| 41,609 tons of seed. A great ¢ was aehovics proving the breed of cattle. The peasantry was pro-|~ en ided with over 22,000 heads of high breed cattle, and} ith 2 reedi of 2 | ith 20,000 special breeding cattle. | The loan, the bulk of which will} Moreover, Soviet farms ploughed the land of poor come from A ' a : the United States \ peasant farms, supplied them with agricultural machin- | Great Britain will Br lee ae | 5 ery and implements (24,000 tractor-days) and sifted] tottering Pilsudski regime. British| } 7,194 tons of peasant corn. and lately American capital, has been Soviet farms organize lectures and give agronomic pouring into Poland as part of the| |reactionary campaign against the So-j RULE ASSEMBLY | viet Union. | , women of the U. S. S. R. who are yslops more successfully the larger holidays are longer. The statisties of the Central Sta- members of village and town Soviets|the numbers of toilers taking part|tistical Department are eloquent testimony of this: in and of rural (district) executive com-| jn it. | 1923, the average holiday per head was 12.7 working mittees. | During the years of civil war, when days. In 1924 it-was 12.9 working days and in 1925 Important. Problems. |the landlords and capitalists tried to! 14 working days; after that the holiday period under The agenda‘of the conference con-/¢rush the authority of the Soviets by| Went no chan: In some of the injurious industries, | tains important questions. of Soviet] fire and sword, the women, whilst un-| holidays reach 22 working days and more. policy: (1) The international and in-|dergoing great privations, actively | Workers spend their regular holiday either in the ternal situation of the Union of Sov-/ aided and assisted in organizing the | Village if they have kept up connection with it, or in iet Socialist Republics; (2) The posi-| repulsion of the enemies. Many were|¥est homes or in one of the sanatoria of our health c , i r tion of the working and peasant|the millions of toiling women who,|t2sorts. In 1924-25, 145,594 workers were accommodat- advice. The surrounding peasant population which was women in the U, S. S. R. towards the} sending away their sons, husbands, /¢d in rest homes and 20,806 insured men and women | formerly rather auspicious of the Soviet farms has Tehth Anniversary of the November) brothers and relatives to the front,| Workers were placed in local sanatoria. In 1925-26 the | adopted now a quite different attitude fo them. | Fear Communist Gains. | Revolution; (3) The work of the!and doing active work in the rear,| Number of people spending their holiday in rest homes | COAL DEPOSIT IN THE FAR EAST. | The tremendous gains of the Com-} Soviets and the part taken in it by contributed their services in the great |Teached 189,099 and in local sanatoria 22,441, in addition | _ Exploring parties of the Geological Committee have|munist Party in the recent elections | working and peasant women; (4) On| work of repelling the bourgeoisie and | to them, over 8,000 insured sick people were sent for a | discov ered enormous deposits of brown coal in the Far| at Warsaw, Lodz and Grodno are be-| populah education, and (5) On public| consolidating the authority of the|cure to the Crimea and the Caucasus. | East, Tabritchansky mining district. According to an|lieved to have accelerated the loan health, Soviets, Now, when the great"Soviet| We have not yet at our disposal accurate statistics | approximate estimate there are over 48,000,000 tons of) agreement. Pri country is engaged in cultural and|Tegarding sanatorium treatment in health resorts for | high class coal there. The coal of the Tabritchansk | The bankers have agreed that the | \ —= econothie construction, the women! the workers in 1926-27, But to judge by preliminary | mines is the best in the Far East. |loan be redeemable wholly or in part | should occupy even a more prominent | Statistics, one can take it that such treatment was in | Mendez as i te bankers, headed by} have been closed and the} agreement will be signed tomorrow, it | DE RIVERA OPENS was announced today. Spanish “Black-Shirts” Hold Country By Arms. MADRID, Oct. 12- lessly suppressed the revolts which preceded the sessions of the present —Having ruth- to the U. S. S. R. conference MANUFACTURE OF SEPARATORS IN THE UNION. | in 1937. $47,000,000 of the bonds will} Greetings SOVIET RUSSIA place. } U. S. S. R. Relies on Women. | Relying upon the steady participa- tion of millions of working and toil-)| ing peasant women, attracting ever) greater numbers of them to active! participation in the government. of} the country, the power of the Soviets| will represent an invincible force. | The forthcoming Tenth Anniversa- excess of that of last year. DEVELOPMENT OF SOVIET FARMS. Soviet farms are estates handed over to state organ- Apart from the purely eco- restoration and improvement of’ agriculture in the given district, Soviet farms must also be model izations for exploitation. nomic aim: S. 8. R. to manufacture separators. production will be 30,000 separators arators. Hitherto separators were imported. Special Problems Face Karelian Comrades’ Pippin In 1925-26 the Perm Works were the first in the U.| The current year’s and the program for 1927-28 provides for the manufacture of 60,000 sep- Constabulary be floated in the United States; $10,- 000,000 in England and another $17,- 000,000 elsewhere in Europe. An at- tempt will be made to stabilize the | basis of the loan. zloty at nine to the dollar on the| ty" “|tant and BLOODY MARIE TO National Assembly, Primo de Rivera, dictator of Sp formally opened is gathering of 400 han d dele- gates yesterc While : the the National A so-called ates. The Assembly ing boycotted by many of the groups active in Spanish poli- ry of the October Revolution will sum | Fr H tical fe, the Union of Span on the -|up the achievements of the great his- By WILLIAM F. KRUSE. others. The Council of Peoples Com-| Murders 7 Peasants m | VISIT J § AGAIN Workers declaring that it considers torical period. In that summary:the, _ (Special DAILY WORKER missars, or “Sovnarkom,” consists of || | a i this body to be de Rivera’s “personal” fact of the growth of the women’s} movement will serve as proof positive | Correspondence) While the main lines of Party work 1 other. 110 Russians, 5 Karelians, 1 Finn and| Among the members of the | | Latest Moro Uprising assem| A Bloody Crew. OF THE of the correct policy of the Soviets|are the same in all parts of the So-| rural soviets, the Russians are a min- | MANILA, Oct. 12.—Members of TG BEG BIG LOAN Something of the fascist color of j | which ensures to women their full| viet Union, and in a lesser measure|ority, viz, Russians 749, Karelians’ the Philippine Constabulary have the new Nati mbly may be RUSSIAN share in the government of the coun- leven in all parts of the world, there|723, Finns and others 110, Actual, | murdered seven Moro peasants — inferred from ct that the depue REVOLUTION ltry. |are special conditions and difficulties | peasants constitute 93 per cent of the! |in an attempt to suppress with BERLIN, Oct. 12.—Queen Marie, |ties include the brother-in-law of Al- rt the special issues of The DAILY WORKER to be printed on November 7, the opportunity to send Yet the things already done and the to be met with in each section or) membership.of the rural soviets, their : Soviet Karelia presents no’ ex-|education being overwhelmingly of |the rural common school type: only | | In an autonomous (national) re-/2.2 per cent had had any further yet in| Public naturally the question of na-| schooling while 3.4 per cent were al- tional differences plays a big role. | together illiterate. | The tremendous broadening educa-| ted in Karelia, but not exceptionally | tional effect as well as the extremely| | largest | broad mass base of the soviet govern- | ke Se | single national element -is the “Kare-| ment is shown by the following fig-| the Soviets, the specific needs and | jian, which makes up about 49 per/ures concerning the number elected practical tasks~of working women, | cont of the total population, then fol-|to office for the first time. Also in achievements recorded are only the first steps made after centuries of) oppression and thraldom. The more| important achievements are store, z The working and peasant women, and all toiling women should discuss | also, along with the general tasks of | and the ways and means to secure | their further participation in Soviet area. ception to this rule. This question is peculiarly complica- | difficult of solution. The violence a new peasants in Lana danoa Island. }latest of several | States forces peration by existing on | plantations he have have | blood. The peasants driven to des- horrible conditions | uprising of the 0 province, Min- | The .uprising which took place |among the Alangkat tribe is the that the United drowned in American owned been fighting low in order the Russians, the Finns, | regard to the proportion of Party and| | with extreme ferocity and have and others. But Karelian is not an! Y.C.L. members, the figures give an| | been ruthlessly suppressed by the work. All local women’s conferences orthographic language, it is a tongue, annihilating reply to the unfounded| ; Americans. jot Roumania, plans té visit the Uni- |ted States next Spring to attempt to obtain a big loan from a group of New York bankers, it was learned from Roumanian sources today. Ostensibly the queen is returning to America “to see the part of the country she missed on her first*visit, which was cut short by the serious illness of King Ferdinand.” Unofficially Marie will attempt to jincrease her own political prestige | through negotiation of a loan which would be used to stabilize Roumanian fonso, Ca de general “Butcher” W ish dictator in Cuba, and three cardinals. on, captain er, the Span- neral Jordana BOOKS Trade ‘Unions Soviet Russia 1 tingssin S e |currency and the fascist regime. Hist aes greetings: to ae and Ruby while summing Bd differing from both Russian and Fin-|charges of a Communist Party | © —— aaa re Te Social Studies Je ussia 1S given to ;the results of ten years’ activity,/nish, closely akin to an archaic] bureaucracy which is alleged to enjoy ‘ £ * ‘ Social § American workers. These [should at the same time outline the original form of the latter. Further-|a despotic monopoly of all places in Australia SendsWarship Rumor Nanking Army Pones names will appear in the |¥2S for future activity, particularly more the Karelian tongue is not uni- | the governing bodies. Of the mem- T'9 Samoa; Natives Re-| Moving North to Help Philoseghee j ial H Roll in Th on questions relating to Soviet work, form throughout the country, the | bers of the rural soviets 84 per cent . a | Y hi Sci 4 special Honor Roll in © |popular education and public health, language spoken in the northern and| were “non-Party,” i.e. members of bel Against Taxation * enc i-shan Troops Serer s 4 DAILY WORKER. To cov- |i. e. on those questions which should western uyezds resembling Finnish neither Communist Party or Young paca | Communism \ er the expense of printing, |now claim the greatest efforts and at-| very closely, while in the southern Communist League, of the Petro-| gypnpy, Australia, Oct. 12,~Al.|, HONG HONG, Oct. 12—Reports Fiction 25 cents will be charged for tention on the part of toiling women. Public attention in the Soviet Union | mixed with Russian. The ‘and eastern uyezds it is rather heavily | savodsk Town Soviet 49.3 per cent. solution | Of the 2373 members of 60 volost| from Nanking today stated that the 19th Nanking army had been ordered Literature / | though Poetry the outbreal by natives {against white residents of the Solo- /man Island in protest against the im- ‘ , t |position of heavy taxes, have been | Cooperate with the Shansi forces | =, = |eentered mainly in Malatia, indica. | #8inst the troops of Chang Tso-lin. SEND FOR A CATALOGUE tions today were that the whole group | ee e: mre a= of Islands was becoming embroiled Chang Claims Victory. every name. SEND YOUR NAME Send the names of other workers— just now is centered upon the ques-| has been found in having two official | (township) soviets 74.3 per cent were to advance to Peng Pu, presumably to Art tions relating to the industrialization |!anguages adopted, Russian and/non-Party. Of the volost executive of the country, the reorganization and | (modern) Finnish, and all _govern-. committee members 57 per cent were improvement of agriculture, the re-| ment publications appear in both|non-Party as compared with 46 per duvtion of the prices of commodities, languages, usually in parallel columns. | cent the previous year. Of the Uyezd| GREET THE RUSSIAN sneha ee A had eee n iow ghaeaet Wake ot week pase Sencane pepo et one Lyaitdtent 168,- | PEKIN, Oct. 12.—Statements \ is- THE DAILY YORKER LISS compte FS i ¢ . 8! Ac o the Jal canine 4 4 A ag vats WORKERS. and PEAS- oe SEA ep eerorde: omen ® voluntary and one or the other pre-|of the All-Karelian Soviet Congress | go ssi est census, 16 (sued from Chang Tso-Lin’s head- ROCs are conferences should diseuss the ques- tions and contribute to their’ solution. Tn the development of the women’s. movement the conference of working and peasant women of the U. S. S. R. | will certainly play a big part. THE DAILY WORKER | ji eNa 33; First St, New York | Preliminary Meetings. } | In a circular letter to the Central | Executive Committee of the auto- jmomous republics, as well as to r gional, district, and provincial execu- tive committees, the latter were rec- |ommended to arrange, prior to the 0 natives and 700 whites inhabit | quarters continue to claim victories the Islands. | over Shansi troops on the front south General relief was felt today at the| of Peking. ustralian government’s prompt de-| cision to despatch the cruiser Adelaide | dominating according to the com-|in 1926 there were 28.6 per cent non- 33 First Street New York, N. Ye plexion and desires of the population, | Party as compared with 28.8 per cent | National Composition of Soviets. in 1924, The percentage of Commu-| q. This mixture of races is reflected | nists mounts steadily as we ascend| ‘also in the composition of the soviets|the ladder—which is precisely as it seat nical {and the administrative bodies. In| must be if the Communists Rie eee oF ihe sinanden the 5th and 6th Congresses of the So-| their proper role as the leaders and_ : viets about half of the delegates were | organizers and most active elements, | Great Russians, in the Central Exee-|of the proletarian and peasant ‘utive Committee there are 21 Rus- | masses. 'sians, 15 Karelians, 8 Finns, and {To Be Continued). | NTS on the Tenth Anni- versary of the Russian Rjevolution. Celebrate International | Youth Day in Boston | BOSTON, Oct. Youth Day was cele Revive the Daily Worker Sustaining Fund 1 enclose $ for greetings (at 25 cents a name) from the following workers: WRITE PLAINLY, 12.—International | rated in Boston | jnecordingly for the different locali- ties. dustrial regions, and of women agri- cultural workers and peasants in the i penes de tee Bae Scotcan ees |Convention of the Conference of Modeled on Main Conference. ‘agricultural regions and from among aie ae : pee ec vores that | Working and Peasant Women of the} The agenda of the local conferences | the women who are members of town aH Sreme MUDERIOW.. ane at 5 - ES tenes seeeecceeseeerereerereee | USS, S. R., meetings of women men-!and conventions were worked out on/2nd village Soviets. Representation |°"®: Herbert Zam and Nat Many eamranee have allowed their contributions to dng | bets of rural and town Soviets and) the lines of the agenda of the confer-|0f the national minorities was also) the Young Workers L gue, de- during the summer months. Now is the time of renewed activity. A OOM AA aeMIN TL ek ee sla On | working women attracted to partici-|ence of working and peasant women, | secured. nounced American imperialism for Now is the time to start again with the Sustaining Fund and Hines seeeeesesseerersessesees | pation in the work of the Soviets, and’ At the republican, provincial and re-| ‘The Presidium of the All-Russian | yf ata ish 5 ape ad burps’ build it up on a stronger and firmer ba With a strong Sus- ts Se rane j als to call le staid of hie gional conferences were held the elec- | Central Executive Committee recom=| pre’ all of Latin America, and | taining Fund, our financial troubles will be things of the past. a: | Bei <2 any ing women on rural, district, regional tion of women delegates to the com-) mended the strict observance of the ge i ‘ Do your share in y: y y unit, i i pene provincial public bodies, and in| ing Conference, in accordance with|approved quota of representation to , Winnie Winkle starred in the eey ys SES Sai OE eee ete mint Th SOU Aon ee autonomous republics which are not|the quota of representation approved the Conference, admitting no election “matic features, with rave ability. fraternal organization or club. divided. into provinces, and republican | by the All-Russian Central Executive |of delegates in excess of these rates, E¥erybody had a chance. Singing | meetings of working and peasant | Committee, The total number of women delegates Came after. The meeting was also a women ..who are members of village | Nationalities Represented. \from Russian Socialist. Federated Success financially. | and town Soviets and rural and dis-| -The presidium of the All-Russian! Soviet Republics to the Conference of | trict executives, Central Executive Committee called) Working and Peasant Women of the The number of delegates at re-|the particular attention of the local|/U. 8. 8. R. was fixed at 667. ‘gional, provincial and republican con- executives to pepe? of securing in, ferences was fixed at between one|the elections of delegates to the U., § hundred and two hundred delegates.|S. S. R. conference a majority of| WANTED — MORE READERS! The rate of. representation was fixed! .orkine women delevates in the in- ARE YOU GETTING THEM? Send Your Contributions To the Sustaining Fund DAILY WORKER Greeks Repuls ATHENS, Oct. 1 -Greek troops | today repulsed two bands of; Macedonian Komitaji who were at-) tempting to cross the Greek frontier from Petritch, 2 c itaji Order your copies of the Tenth Comitaji Anniversary Edition of The DAILY WORKER now at $1.50 per hundred copies, Local Office: 108 E. 14th St. 33 First Street New Yorkgn.Y,