The Daily Worker Newspaper, September 26, 1927, Page 6

Page S1x THE DAILY WORKER, NEW YORK, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1927 ‘Progress Made by Soviet Press Must Win Applause Of Labor the World Over LOUIS ENGDAHL, By J. Soviet Railroad central organ of the Workers lates more than 400,000 co daily. I had s at the F of La- bor, with the editor, and Victor Fin, the foreig i ' we the type of ma 14 ight ) directly ing labor daily in the 1 today, as we ing the used in handling and material worker-correspondents. Labor \ rooms ¢ in an au in an inconspicuous building on a side stre ns off Toverskaya, one of Moscow’s main I told that under the “old regime he place of publication of “Russkoye | Saturday, at one o’clock, the Young Workers of New York also YOUTH DAY ON THE RED SQUARE IN MOSCOW Rykov, Kalinin and Stalin greeting the demonstrations on Youth Day. held their Youth Day celebration. Vedomost ed “liberal” publication under czar- | ism. Now belongs to Russia’s railroad workers. | First there were editorial rooms here, too.| 2 e Here we al wor who ived all the copy intend went over it and sent it on to the up editor, who was responsi- | ble for of the material on the different | _CO-OPERATIVES d his office here. © * * he composing room, we find a long row ines, pretty much the same as in an office. The linotypes are up-to- Mergenthaler type manufactured been brought in since the revo- s high-ceilinged and well FARMERS MUST COOPERATE WASHINGTO}D lution lighted excellent work place with the best| jamin C. Marsh, secretary of heal of the People’s Ree * > ~ League, flays the hi The also bore witness that new| ploit of the Americ equipm eing introduced. Here the metal forms) statement commer on Secretary are being with the latest machinery, that < of Agriculture Jardine’s report on the fitted to linders of the printing presses. Some of rapid decline of the farming industry the old still remained unused. It will soon ctor in export trade. - be clea: 1 al fallacy and folly of a * * protective tar to help agriculture”, The y ry ‘consisted of two large machines |S@ys Marsh, “is shown by the recent that would e been a credit to any American news-|Teport of the s ary of agriculture paper One. 62 these da ney that in 1901 our agricultural exports “Gudok” appears mostly in six pages. This is due to|™ade up net pas ae ee the f. hat newsprint production in the Soviet Union P'S nd in 102 Oe ee cent, : . * and by the more recent admission of is - short of the requirements, demanding that ae crete cor an paties tink HRB newspapers must be kept down. The two fore, are able to print easily the required es daily, Additional presses will be needed, f farm exports has y ‘by energetic | together with present volume been made possible action of all a: the size of the paper is increased and as its | tho }jberal extension of credits in the on continues to grow. “' form of private loans.’ * * * aling room, where the “Gudok” was being rge bundles for shipment to the far ends of | The mailers were at work at long} 1 there was the same smell of paste and twine} gets in every newspaper mailing room. And| u Sovi the lowa Progressive Farmers table: that one MASON CITY, (FP) Sept. 25.— there v the same hurry and bustle to get the bundles| Plans for the 1928 political campaign into th iting automobile trucks that must make the|are being made by the - Progressive train les at the various railroad stations. Farmers of Iowa at their state head- * * * |} quarters in Mason City. The farm- It was as if the Times, in New York, or the Tribune, | €rs, who held their state convention w the property of the railroad workers | at Forest City in July, adopted an ady in th d States, to be run as the official organ of | Vanced platform of government their trade union, to champion the interests of labor in|0Wership and operation and have an uncompromising preamble reading in the transportation industry. ae “But, of ¢ »” said Comrade Pirogow, “such things | “The Prcdieemtvcn qealunuenan tie can only be the revolution, even in the United! (eats z States Aver , | great combinations of capital have no interests that are identical. It is the interest of the industrial and bank- jing overlords to keep the people who Here I found, however, that other publications ap- peared in addition to the “Gudok.” The Railroad Workers’ Union issues numerous peri- odicals, prints books, pamphlets and leaflets, in fact has developed one of the most extensive publishing enter-| prises within the Soviet Union, that compares well with | the work done in the printing plants of the Pravda, the} EXPORTS TAKE DIZZY DROP, REPORT REVEALS Ben- [Letters From Our Readers CO-OPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE U.S. S. R. | The lower network of Consumers) amounted to 2 billion roubles during | Cooperatives towards the end of the|the year. The artisan (kustar) co- “The pseudo-statesmen hold out| economic year of 1925-26 consisted | operatives have 600,000 members. to farmers the hope of prosperity | of 28,656 Consumers Cooperative 80- | The cooperatives are carrying on through a McNary-Haugen bill which | cietie The number of Consumers extensive 2 cooperative educational would either make them dump a big} Societies increased 11.1 per cent and | work. 655 courses were organized surplus abroad at a heavy loss, or} the numbew of shops 21.9 per cent last year for cooperative workers festrict production to the domestic; during the year. The biggest in-|which were attended by 35,000 stu- consumption behind high tariff walls. | crease falls to the rural cooperatives. |dents. Apart from the general co- They place all farmers in a class with | The membership of the Consumers | operative courses a whole series of those who paid $500 per acre for, Cooperatives increased 32.1 per cent.|special courses were held. At the wheat lands and $700 for corn lands. | The biggest increase in membership | same time cooperative educational That created the farm bloc, but it/ falls to the villages; the membership | work was also carried on among the Iso created poverty and bankruptey of the rural cooperati increased | m s. The cooperatives give ma- for farmers, and cruel suffering for/44 per cent. The working their w and children. {membership has increased from 38.5 WITH WORKERS AS rooms. Last year 7,330 lectures and “Jf farm organizations cooperation | Per cent to 46.8 per cent. The lar- discussions on questions of agricul- with labor organizations cannot com- | gest percentage of workers belonging | tural cooperation were held. The pel congress to reduce skyscraper | to the cooperatives falls to the trans-; number of itinerant cinema ap-}| paratuses and loud speakers is con- duties on manufactured necessaries | Port workers (75.5 per cent). The |p: S I ‘k tinually increasing.@ of life, before the next national con-| turnover of the Consumers Coopera- ventions of the old parties, they need | tives increased 86.7 per cent, in the not attach any importance to the course of one year. The balance by platform pledges of political farm re-|%¢tober Srd, 1926 was expressed in} lief in 1928.” | 11,719,000,000 roubles (an increase | jot 39.6 per cent as compared with | the preceding year). The rate of| {commodity circulation has increased | CHICAGO, Sept. 25.—To assist the jand the share capital has been|UMionizing of unorganized shops in jaugmented. The number of agricul- the Chicago printing industry, Local lipawet cooperatives was 66.839 con- of the pressmen has assessed its sisting of 7 million peasant house-|™¢mbers 50 cents a week. holds at the end of 1926. The are! over of the agricultural cooperatives | Al] Hands Out for the Bazaar! Funds for Unionizing Plan for 1928 Campaign produce the wéalth of the earth in a condition of perpetual slavery. The struggle between these two classes will intensify until the toiling masses become organized so that they can take over the machinery of produc- tion, distribution and exchange to the end that these agencies may be opera- ted in the interest of the many in- stead of for the benefit of a few. “The organization as a body should be prepared at all times to cooperate with other progressive state or na- tional groups for the attainment of the ideals enunciated herein.” organ of the Communist Party, or Isvestia, the official | publication of the Soviet Government. | The Miners’ Terrible Struggle. Editor, The DAILY WORKER— To give comrades all over the coun- | * * * | Sparks of Silence,” a technical month | There is beautifully illustrated, that has reached a circulation of | try an idea of the strike of the United | Director of The Workers’ Health Con- 5,000 c! has 15,000 lems of the The Railway Worker,” a fortnightly, | Mine Workers of America which has ibers, It deals with the internal prob- | raged for the last five months I will} on. |say that today, in spite of the poor) “One Who Laughs” is the name of the comic weekly,|Telief and compensation given them | that had a circulation of 75,000 on Jan. 1, this year, but|by the union, the miners are more by June, when I was in Moscow, this had gone over the | determined than ever to win. Yes, 100,000 mark to 110,000 copies weekly. |when I said poor relief I mean that te A 7: ‘ | most of the miners i in need Hes This phenomenal growth recalled the development of fot te eon emprary l some other publications in the Soviet Union. There is | week, which isn’t enough to buy daily the theoretical monthly, “The Bolshevik,” the subscrip- |bread. But in spite of these frightful | tion list of which has grown as follows: 1924, 22,840; | conditions the miners are on the 1925, 40,000; 1926, 44,000, and 1927, 83,000, thus in-| picket lines early in the morning, in creasing almost four times in three years. some places as early as 3.30 a. m. * * * | To give you some idea of how active | That the peasants are reading more than ever is/| these half starved miners are .you| shown by the following: they had 51 publications in 1923|should see how the company fears ulation of 149,000; in 1924, 122 publications|them. Today a non-union miner was 30 subscribe: .876 subscribe | doctor ] e seen that there was a falling off from 1925) ae him, altho the miners are peace- due to the fact that a great deal of |*™: P ping was eliminated aeoneh the Soret All comrades would contribute to solidation of some of the publications. This resulted in| the aid of the fighting miners if they e conditions. the marked improvement of those remaining. | knew their ter aM . * * —Alfonzo Latanzie, Arnold, Pa. + * & Appeal For Art Works. | Editor, The DAILY WORKER— his There are publications for the various national popu- lations, of which there are so many within the borders of the Soviet Union. In 1923, there were 86 such publi- | Pdite 1 TEC Sae OLENA i ith a circulation of 149,000; in 1924, 114 pub-| AS one who is intatesee bone lications, with a circulation of 257,789; in 1925; 170 pub-| att and, in the co opesalive i te ations with 673,371 subscribers; in 1926, 206 such Gilica lof tha United Workers’ Coe publications with 831,753 subscribers, thus showing a Sontinuous gain operative Association to appeal for ‘art works to be temporarily or per- manently exhibited at the public ing places of the Bronx Co-opera- | Colony. An intelligent and ap-| | preciative population of 2000 work- e oon, with the addition of new buildings, to be increased to 10,000—| | will be th. ful to the donors. Gifts }or loans of original sculptures, paint- ings, drawings or of good reproduc- tions from great masters will be ac- cepted by a special committee and distributed in the auditorium, kinder- * * * There are 29 youth publications in the Soviet Union, 12 for the industrial workers, 16 for the peasantry and | ,; one a mixture of both. The Youth Pioneers have 19 dif- ferent publications. Thus one can get lost in a maze of figures, that grow and grow as illiteracy disappears in the Soviet Union, the illiteracy that once held the Russian masses in ig- norance, since they were not supposed to know how to read or write, or think, under czarism. All this they re now learning to do, and rapidly, under the Soviet Regime. rs; in 1926, 119 publications| injured and to take him to the local) | doctor five company’ policemen went | jgarten, reading room, health eenter, etc. Address all communications to the servation Center, Cooperative Colony, ; 2700 Bronx Park East, New York City —B. Liber. * * * Editor, The DAILY WORKER: The first day that the Public schools opened in Philadelphia was Friday, September 9th. At supper one of my children, who attends the Powers school at Frankford Avenue and Somerset Street, said that they had to study the State of Massachu- setts and the teacher said that this was the state that executed those two | bad men who held up and robbed two men and then murdered them. She went on and said that no punishment was severe enuogh for them and she | was only sorry that they did not get punished twice as much as they did. I think that it looks as though the noble Board of Mis-Education was going to attempt some counter-propa- ganda on the Sacco-Vanzetti case, among younger school children. This has made me realize the need of an organization among the children, such as The Young Pioneers and I am going to see that my children join as soon as possible. | ren Fraternally yours,—Mrs, |\H. Z. * * * DAILY WORKER: I think it possible just here to ask | you to convey our sincere condolence to Mrs, Rose Sacco, and though many miles apart, our hearts are with her and the committee that put up so noble a fight in behalf of the two martyrs. I dare say you have seen the little that we were able to do, nevertheless, we are in the CAUSE and for that son we consider same our duty to st in whatever manner possible. “The Emancipator’—Wm. Brewster, St. Thomas, Virgin Is. { ‘Mrs. Ruth Ederle, who continually threatens to hop the At- lantic but hasn’t started yet. There are many women fliers pre- paring for stunt flights at present. class | terial assistance to 20,000 reading | ‘Chicago Printers Give) Economic Constractian Rationalization Results Show U.S.8.8. On Upgrade ATIONALIZATION of production has already achiev- |** ed considerable results. After the introduction of | considerable improvements in the garment making fac- tories of Leningrad, productivity of labor increased 45-80%; in the “Krassny Treugolnik” works the system of division of labor increased productivity between 4.5 and 11%; in the “Znamya Truda” metal works produc- tivity of labor has more than doubled. Rationalization has achieved similar results in Mos- |cow enterprises. Thus, in the “Press” works production |per head -has increased 20%, in the ‘““Dukat” works 40%, Vin the “Novaya Zarya” works 40%, etc. | This was accompanied by a reduction of the cost of | production. In enterprises where rationalization was introduced, | Wages increased. For instance in the “Electric” works jin Leningrad workers engaged in assembling cartridge parts are earning since the installation of the conveyor 4 to 4 roubles 50 kopeks instead the former 2 roubles 50 kopeks. CONSTRUCTION OF POWERFUL REFRIGERATORS, Refrigerator Combines in Leningrad and Poltava. In honor of the 10th Anniversary of the Nov. 7th Revolution an export refrigerator will be opened in Novorossisk. Construction of refrigerators has been taken in hand in Baku and Poti. Building operations have started in Poltava in connection with the construc- tion of the biggest refrigerator of the combine. Attached to it will be mechanized slaughter yards on the model of those in Chicago, and also albuminous works and works for rendering down of intestines and fat. It is intended to set up a similar combine in Leningrad. WOMEN—CHAIRMEN OF VILLAGE SOVIETS. Peasant women are beginning to play a more and more important role in social and state life in the U. S, S. R. According to latest information 683 women have been {elected chairmen of village Soviets throughout the U. |S. S. R. | Viatka takes first place among other gubernias in re- gard to the election of women as chairmen of village Soviets. As many as 56 women were elected to this post in that gubernia (and as many as deputy chairmen). Many of these women are elected for the second time because they did so well in the preceding village Soviet. WOMEN IN INDUSTRY. From year to year women are playing an increasingly important role in industry, On January Ist, 1924, 451,600 women were employed in the manufacturing industry throughout the U. S. S. |R., in 1925, 535,200; in 1926, 710,200, and on January 1st, 1927 the number of women employed in that indus- try was 743,000. The textile industry is employing more women than jany other. At the beginning of 1927, 58.7% of the | workers employed there were women. In the garment. making industry women constitute 60.4% of the total number of workers; in the heavy metal industry 9.8% of the workers employed are women, in the mining in- | dustry 8.9%; in the chemical industry 32%; in the food | industry 27.9%, and in the building industry 12.7%. GROWING EXPENDITURE FOR NATIONAL ieee EDUCATION. In the Ukraine 108 million roubles have been assigned for the requirements of national ucation in 1927-28, i. e. 21% more than was assigned for the current year. It is intended to increase the number of children’s play- grounds and kindergartens and to develop the network of workshops. Special attention will be paid to the proper financing of the courses for the liquidation of illiteracy and to the development of Ukrainian culture and art, AMERICAN WORKERS ON THE U.S. S. R. | Prior to the departure of the American workers’ dele- | gation from Baku, its secretary, Albert Coyle, made the | following statement to a representative of the press: | “I hope that the visit of this delegation will be an en- couragement to send another and a bigger delegation to the U. S. S. R., including, maybe, conservative leaders. If 20-30 such leaders will come to the U. S. S. R. and will see with an unprejudiced mind what we have seen, i. e. the true state of affairs in the U. S. S. R., relations between America and the U. S. S. R. will certainly assume a different aspect. As to our impressions of the U. S. S. R., I can say: we really did not think that the U. S. S. ing and reconstructing itself as rapidly as it does, we have seen greatly exceeds our expectations. It is true, American workers receive higher wages, but in other respects the workers of the U. S.S. R. receive much which the American workers never get. MONARCHISTS PREPARE MORE TERRORIST ACTS AND EXPLOSIONS; INTENTION TO POISON PUB- LIC AND FACTORY DINING ‘HALLS, ETC. Quite recently (at the end of June) several terrorist acts have been prevented. While crossing the Latvian frontier ex-officers Samoilov, Stroyev and Aderkas were arrested. As they have themselves confessed, this group was sent by the Paris committee of Russian monarchists, followers of the ex-Grand Duke Nicolai Nikolaevitch Romanov, for the organization of a series of terrorist acts against individual Soviet workers in Leningrad. These men also confessed that they are professional spies and that the Latvian Secret Service Department has been helping them systematically in return for their espionage in Russia. Alexander Borisovitch Balmasov, Captain of the Wrangel army and Alexander Alexandrovitch Solsky were arrested in August in the village Shua in the Petro- zavodsk uyezd (near the Finnish frontier). They had on them arms, bombs} hand-grenades, Bickford fuses, ete. This group, together with another consisting, of Solovyev and Sharin were sent to the U. S. S. R. by the representatives of the monarchist organization in Helsingfors with the direct participation and assistance of the Finnish general staff. These people received ex- plosives and everything required for the manufacture of bombs with the help of members of the Finnish general staff. Both these groups were sent for the organization of terrorist acts against members of the U.S. S. R. gov- ernment and also for causing explosions on the Volkhov electrical st&tion, in newspaper offices, and premises where district Party meetings are held. They were also to poison the food prepared in public and factory dining halls. The arrested, Balmasov and Solsky, described in detail how the explosion in the business-men’s club An Leningrad was prepared and carried out. The investigation of the case of the Latvian and Finn- ish terrorist groups is nearing its end. SEND IN YOUR LETTERS The DAILY WORKER is anxious to receive letters from its readers stating their views on the issues con- fronting the labor movement. It is our hope to de- velop a “Letter Box” department that will be of wide interest to all members of The DAILY WORKER family. Send in your letter today to “The Letter Box,” The DAILY WORKER, 38 First street, New York City. __|