The Daily Worker Newspaper, June 29, 1927, Page 2

\\ » June 14. (By fet Russia the representa- Buitish diplomats could be guilty} Pspionage, corruption, and ive activity on-Hic! On-Hicks who maintains i with Austen Chamberlain ace Soviet Government of anti-Br ropagand either a sere evidence— 4 a its “found ie Russians. The Tory by Chang-Teo-Lin’s uards have for- which the Soviet against them: not like their Here is a sum- of the “gentle- in 1918, Wing the time they were supposed be at peace with S t Russia. It M8 taken from the official report of! vitie h diple "dealing with which he has to cope in dealing with these gentry at home. “The All-Russian . Extraordinary Commission for Fighting Count Tevolution established the attemp of the British Diplomatic Mission in ussia to enter into relat with some units of the Army of the Soviet} Republic, in order to organize the arrest of the Council of People’s Com- chief strategic points in Moscow. tain agent, Schnedchen, arrived in Moseow from Petrograd at the be-| ginning of August, 1918, with a recommendation to the head of the British Mission, Lockhart. He suc- ceeded in arranging an interview be- tween Lockhart and the commander} of one of the Lettish units, whom the British authorities relied upon to ef- fect the arrest of the Council of People’s Commissaries. “The first meeting took place on August 14, at 12:30 p. m. in Lockhart’s private residence, at Flat 24, 18 Hlebny Perenlok, Bassmanny Street. « “At this meeting there was a dis- cussion on the possibility in the near | future of organizing a revolt in Mos-j cow against the Soviet Government, in connection with the British land-| Special Summer Subscription Offer 2MONTHS This offer is especially suited to those who wish to become acquainted with our paper. Ask your friends and fellow work- ers to try The DAILY WORKER. Sor $1.00 RATES | Per year .... $8.00 t Six months . » 3.50 Three months ........... 2.00 In New York Per year ...... $5.00 Six months . Three months The DAILY WORKER 33 First Street New York Enclosed $ mos. sub to: Maruinn-Loninist caplen and pod bead Bis Mail)—| the debate in Parliament on| ther relations with the commander re of diplomatic relations| mentioned sub-| “con- the| to the Brit nd Seabies | missaries and the seizure of the | “Observation established that a cer-| |} went on under the i THE DAILY WORKER, N EW YORK, WEDNESDAY, It was agreed, a uggestion, that Baw ing at Murmansk. Mr. Lockhart’s or would be carried |through the British lieutenant, S British capitalism turned up| ney Reilly, whose aliases were “Race” in horror at the suggestion | and “Constantine.” “The commander subsequently met ‘Constantine Race’ on August 17 at p. m., on the Tsvetnoi Boulevard. accused the Soviet} n discussion took place on the pos-| t of espionage (the same sibility of moving troops to Vologda, } who might hand over the latter town h. ible revolt in timed for two or ie., about September 10. ish were concerued that he po to be gz of the C.P.C. which proposed to arrest. s further intended that the » Bank and Ce Telegraph and telephone stations be occupied, and martial law proclaimed, with the prohibit of any meetings whatso- ever on pain of death, until the Brit- ish military authorities arrived. There was further talk of arranging, with he help of the higher clergy, national pr the “coup. The consent of the clergy had been received. At this meeting, in accordance with Lockhart’s promises, the Com- mander received 700,000 rubles | (£70,000) for the organization of | the proposed revolt, | “On August 22 there was a further meeting, at which the commander re- ceived a further 200,000 roubles (£20,- 000), and plans for the seizure of the offices of Lenin, Trotsky, Araloff, |and the Supreme Economic Council | were considered. : Reilly explained that the main ob- ject was to secure materials which on Germany, which it was proposed to declare immediately after the revolt. } “On August 28 the Soviet com- |mander previously mentioned re- ceived another 300,000 roubles (£30,- | 000), and he agreed to go to/Petro- grad, in order to establish contact with the British military group there and the Russian White Guards or- ganized around it. These negotia- | tions took place on August 29. At | this conference contact with Nijni- | Novgorod and Tabboff was dis- cussed, ... “Arrests which have subsequently beon made have disclosed that the jmain task of the Allied agents, who are scattered throughout. the towns jof Soviet Russia, and equipped with forged passports, is to make food | difficulties more acute, particularly \in Petrograd and Moscow. Plans for the blowing-up of | bridges and railway lines with the | object of delaying supplies. i| “And also for the setting fire to jand blowing up of food stores, were | being worked out. . . . In connection | with all these data, arrests were } made in Petrograd and Moscow. “All the arrested members of the | Council of People’s Commissaries were to be sent immediately to Ar- changel. This was the original plan; | } but shortly Sidney Reilly expressed | doubt as to its desirability. He said: | ‘Lenin possesses a marvellous faculty | of appealing to the average man. We lean be sure that during the journey {to Archangel he will win over the | guards, and they will set him free. | It would be better to shoot Lenin | and Trotsky immediately following their arrest.’ “The conspirators used all kinds of methods, throwing up an extensive! network of illegal organizations all| over Russia, utilizing forged docu-| | ments, and spending vast sums of | | money on buying over the agents of the Soviet Government. All the work protection and guidance of British diplomatic repre. sentatives. | The All-Russian Extraordinary | Commission possesses documents, signed by Mr. Lockhart personally, which would enable the conspira- tors to enjoy the protection of the British Military Mission in Moscow. “The conspirators worked out d | tailed plans for the Government following the coup. | A dictatorship of three was to be set! pecial committees appointed in| military units, ete. ‘ “Thanks to the loyalty of the Let- tish units and the watchfulness of the Commission, this | | | | for a lone time to come.” (Latzis’ | “Two Years of Struggle on the Home) Front.” 1920.) In the June issue: PERSPECTIVES FOR OUR PARTY Jay Lovestone PRESENT TREND IN THE | LABOR MOVEMENT Max Bedacht THE CRUSADE AGAINST THE REDS Ben Gitlow LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS V. F. Calverton MILITARY STRATEGY OF THE CIVIL WAR Frederick eae CHINA: A Factual Study. NEWS OF THE MONTH, | EDILORIALS, REVIEWS. he CO) 1113 W. Washington Blvd. CHICAGO, ILL. Moscow | three | otsky should be ai «he | rs and sermons in support of would justify a new Russian war | the organization of | | inreatent z peril has been destroy ed) , coolie class is now being fill sai ie BRITISH TRADE UNIONS ‘How Tory “Ge “Gentlemen” Plotted to Murder erg Trotsky and Others wd . COAL CRISIS HERALDS BRITISH DECLINE By LELAND OLDS. (Federated Press) Drastic wage cuts, part time and| unemployment for British miners} forecast a new crisis in the coal in-| dustry, far more serious than Eng-| land has yet experienced. This is the opinion of men. closest to the strug- gle. Those with greater perspective jsee British capitalism as a whole facing inevitable decline. The condi- tions are demonstrating the truth of British labor's contention that the coal industry and eventually all in-| dustry can survive only through dras- tie reorganization. England is no longer the industrial } center of the world, shipping to mar- kets eager for its products. It is just one, and by no means the strongest, industrial nation fighting for mar- kets already overstocked. Coal is one among the many products of its in- dustrial proletariat for which there is no adequate market. The real} trouble is not over-production but a serious decline in exports which now total 52,000, 000 tons a year compared with 73,000,000 in 1913. Conference Meets. The special delegate conference of the British miners federation, which met June 2 for the first time since the settlement of the 1926 lockout, faced a serious of cuts reducing wages to the minimum in every im- portant area. Miners’ wages in South Wales, the leading source of exports, were cut to a level only 28 per cent above prewar compared with 42.2 per cent above following the lockout. Yet in spite of low wages and longer hours some districts are | working only 2 and 3 days a week | while thousands of miners are alto- gether unemployed. Cut-throat competition is the rul,e with operators foreing the miners to carry the chief burden. The stronger and more efficient companies are driving out the weaker, absorbing the best of them and then turning to | fight each other. Topping the whole is the effort to dump coal in foreign | markets, especially France, in com- pad with French, German, Bel- ‘By ANNA LOUISE STRONG. HONOLULU, T. H., June 28 (FP). —I do not know how much you care about Honolulu. It has its impor- of the American empire westward. Honolulu is first stop in our empire. The princesses of Hawaii still keep their titles and social eminence; the natives of Hawali still keep title to such lands as they have not yet sold, land a position of equality in the is- lands. It dosn't cost the American \over-lords anything, for the Hawai- \ians are dying out fast. A charming, | well- -builte languorous people, expert in swimminge surf-riding—but very inexpert in thodern gospel of work. They didn’t need to work until the white man came. But now Americans have bought up their lands for sugar |and pineapple plantations, and the | pr ice of real estate has risen beyond | the purse of the original owners, One Third in Army. About one-third of all the Ameri- cans in Hawaii are attached to the army—12,000 soldiers, All the Amer- icans together are only some 30,000, The Japanese are the real popula- tion of the islands. Though forbid- den now to come to Hawaii, since it is a part of the United States, they | form over 40 per cent of the total population. With Chinese and Kor- eans they are much more than half, They came in as coolies to work on the sugar and pineapple plantations. They preferred to work “on contract,” taking a definite job of piece work and putting men, women and child- ren at the job. Thus they rapidly saved money and became small cap- italists, barbers, chauffeurs, jitney- owners. Tens of thousands still work on plantations, but, on the wi the by os in ever-increasing hordes for contract-labor. Filip impo} lapanese Can’t Vote. ie, who vote ie ‘HONOLULU, FIRST STOP IN THE AMERICAN EMPIRE tance as the first step in expansion| {gidn, Dutch and Polish coal. | This trade was has induced the French government to support what |amounts to a boyeott of English coal. The boycott hag taken the form of reductions in railway rates on coal from northern French mines to re- gions which have always been leading markets for English coal. i Who Boycotts. \..“The real author of this boycott,” says the Manchester Guardian} | Weekly, “is, of course, the French coalmining trust. Its instrument is the French government which ha: control of railway rates. Its mouth- | piece is M. Tardieu, minister for pub- lic works, who explained in the chamber on April 1 that the im- mediate object was to reduce imports by land from 6,500,000 to 1,000,000 tons and by sea from 13,500,000 to 8,000,000 tons.” This is aimed primarily at Eng- land. France has been getting half | its coal imports from England, a third from Germany and the. balance |from Belgium, Holland and Poland.| |The imports from Germany are ‘largely Dawe#plan payments and }eannot be cut much, while Belgian coal is imported because it 1s near and good. Crisis. | “Cireumstances,” says the London Daily Herald (labor), “ave combin- ing to bring home to the public the fact that once more the country is lup against a firstclass coal crisis. | Last year the miner leaders warned the nation that the socalled settle- ment of the lockout settled nothing, and the industry was certain to drift to another deadlock. The situation calls for stern action by the nation against the system which has again proved its incompetence. The alter- native is the progressive decay of Britain’s basic industry, with unrest and conflict as a concomitant pro- voked by the intolerable suffering of the men engaged in it.” President Herbert Smith of the |miners advised the delegate confer- ence “not to talk about the crisis | but to prepare.”* wit of American citizenship. The Japan-| ese, with 40 per cent of the popula-j tion, have some 5 per cent of the votes. | _ As for capital versus labor? Well, the land is owned by American cor- porations; the small middlemen are Chinese and Japanese; the coolie la- borer is increasingly Filipino, with a ‘certain number of Orientals. The | governor of the islands and the su- preme judges are appointed by our friend Coolidge directly. Isn’t that enough? Do you wonder that Amer- ican capitalists call it the Paradise of the Pacific? Cocksure Exploiters. I stand somewhat in awe of the ability of American capitalism. It is so sure of itself; it no longer wor- ries about unreliability of its labor any more than about unreliability of its machines. It takes pride in the best machines and keeps them oiled and tended; it takes pride also in the regimentation of its labor and keeps up schools and clinies and kitchens with proper food. It discards ruthlessly but dispas- sionately all antiquated machinery or unadaptable human beings. The Ha- wailans don’t fit it; they die out. CURRENT EVENTS (Continued from Page One) cL is much easier to conquer Han- kow by proclamations and special dispatches than “by military power. Of course Chiang will have the war- ships of the imperialist powers at his service. They are not now in Hi Shanghai and other ports for nothing. Chiang is not fighting to free the Chinese masses from the imperialists. He is merely fighting the northern militarists in order to step into their shoes. He may have temporary suc- cess, but it will be undreds of millions of Chinese work- Pier ian a alte, ae ME ‘ have to go. My JUNE 2: 10ST 1927 NANKING MASSACRE PEASANT REVOLTS IN PHILIPPINES GRUELLY CRUSHED Natives Hail - Report of | Wood “Resignation” By HARVEY O’CONNOR WASHINGTON, June 28. (FP).— “The day General Wood resigns as} governor of the Philippines will be) celebrated as a national Filipino holi- day second only to Independence Day —when we get it.” So commented Vicente G. Bunuan,)| director of the Washington office of the Philippine Commission for Inde- pendence on reports that Wood is about to resign after six years of what Filipino papers describe as a dictatorship, “Political conditions in the Islands are bound to be improved,” Bunuan| added, worse, The Filipino people have been | “British” Trade Ut Union Laws in Norway By ARVID HANSEN. OSLO, Norway, June 10 (By Mail). ~The suggestions first submitted in 1924 for the introduction of compul- | sory courts of arbitration and penal | legislation against the trade unions, have now been made law by the Nor- | wegian Storting. According to these enactments, a council of five, ap- pointed by the government, will have authority to establish the details* of wages, working hours, etc., which means that it will be able to decree, at least approximately, the wage edu- cations demanded by the employers. If the workers organized in trade unions fail to submit to the verdict, ie., to the lower wage rate, they fall under the prescriptions of the penal law, i.e., the trade unions are respon- sible for any such illegal strike and are exposed to all sorts of economic and penal reprisals, “if they cannot prove that they are not to blame or if they have not employed all means | at their disposal to prevent the breach or the continuation of the unlicensed conditions or the illegal stoppage of | work.” Fine Strikers. If the trade unions cannot prove such an attitude or manner of pro- cedure, paragraph 40 of the new law enacts that any one participating in a resolution to “effect, continue, sub- sidize, or approve of” such an illegal strike, and any one “inciting such a strike, or supporting it, or collecting | funds therefore or distributing funds tinuation of the strike,” shall be liable to fines ranging from 5 to 25,000 | crowns or to imprisonment not ex- | ceeding three months or to both. | The same penalties apply to those | that threaten the freedom of the | workers, i.e., the freedom of the black- | leg. These are the main points of the} | by the entire bourgeois bloc. An ad- ditional paragraph is still in prepara- tion. | aims at making the libelling of strike- | breakers in general (even in the vase | tion of the names of strike-breakers | punishable by imprisonment not ex- ceeding one year. This paragraph is | Parliamentary Committee for Public | Justice. The new paragraphs already passed | | tire trend of present-day legislation, | collected for the effectuation or con-| |laws which have already been passed | It was suggested by the Con-| servatives and the Peasant Party and | of a “legal” strike) and the publiea- | at present under discussion by the) common sense” of such men as Thomas and MacDonald, But the passing and the carrying out of the new laws in such a ‘democratic’ country as Norway, where there is af present no such authority as Musso« lini, is by no means without signifi« cance for the agitation-propaganda departments of the British Conserva« tive government, The Communist Party of Norway has taken ‘both the national and inter national factors into consideration in formulating its attitude towards a continuation of the struggle against “British” legislation in Norway. A resolute fight of the Norwegian work- ingclass, in spite of the imminent ver- dict, in spite of all the enactments of the new laws, a fight for the purpose of breaking through and destroying these laws, would constitute an essen- tial and practical support of the gen« eral fight against reactionary legisla~ tion, one of the main factors in interes national noes ich warfare. New Student Group Ready to Sail for | The Soviet Union | | One section of the American Stu- dent Delegation to Russia has ale ready sailed and another is about to | embark, the managing committee an- |nounces. The first section was or~ ganized by the Student Council of New York. Its members are nearly | all representatives of student organ- \izations to which they will report on the trip. Samuel Cahan, chief advisor to the delegation, is a member of the Syra- euse University journalism .depart- ment. He stated before leaving with the first group that the students are |taking interpreters and will be per- mitted to visit any factories and so- cial institutions they’ choose. The Central Student Bureau of Russia | will provide additional interpreters | and guides. ‘The complete delegation of 75 will split into four groups in Moscow for travel in the provinces. One section | will study education; another politi- “for they could hardly be | are highly characteristic of the en- | cal structure and minor nationalities; {a third industry; and the fourth will og a lesson in despotism, but they| for they enact that, firstly, the trade | cross Siberia to China and return by like democracy better than ever. | unions shall be bound to report to | Pacific. When will the American Congress re- deem its promise and give it to us?”)| Poor Health Bunk. General Wood is scheduled to con- fer with President Coolidge in the) Black Hills and may at that time offer his resignation, pleading poor health. The administration will be relieved if the resignation is proferred, because Wood’s removal will take the sting | « out of the attacks Senator Burton K. Wheeler and other congressmen who have visited the Philippines this spring are expected to make on Wood’s regime in the next Congress. The only fly in the ointment the Filipinos perceive in Wood’s with- drawal is the annual pension of 50,- 000 pesos ($25,000) which they will have to pay out of their taxes to him. Senator Wheeler was given ova- tions in Manila and other Island ports during his recent visits, accord-| ing to Manila papers. He won en- | thusiastic Filipino support when he withdrew from a dinner given in his | honor by Eugene A. Gilmore, vice- | governor-general, when attacks were made on the capacity of the people to govern themselves. “We are always hearing,” he declared later, “of the need of educating the Filipinos. Evi- dently they are not the only ones who need education. There are Americans here who have been away from home so long they have forgotten the spirit of the Declaration of Independence and the American Constitution.” Wheeler hit vigorously at Wood’s proposal to sell the publicly-owned sugar centrals in the province of Negroes to Hallgarten & Co., New York bankers. The centrals’ debts to the Philippine National Bank can be paid off in five years, he said, and then the refineries will be the prop- erty of the people, instead of foreign exploiters. “Java is a lesson for the Filipinos,” President Manuel Quezon of the Philippine Senate told audiences as he escorted Wheeler on his swing through the islands. Manila papers took up the significant utterance to use in headlines. Java has been the scene of recent agrarian revolts against the Dutch rulers. Sugar Starts Revolt. That the revolt of Flor Intrench- erado, the mad emperor of the pro- vince of Negroes, was no mere fana- tical religious is attested in reports in native papers. The up- rising had all the characteristics of. a peasants’ revolt, with landlords Hogeed, plantations taken over and administered by the workers and crude councils hastily organized. Four hundred workers were arrested on charges of sedition, oe ae occurred in the middle 0! legro sugar district, to- ward which American capitalists are looking with eager expectation of im- ge profits. eee a annual out- put in a few years of B60 one sugar is peel oe even important an the pros) The Faber development, Cuban p ph its campaign allied with New York banking Philippine sugar. the government not only their num- ber of member but also all the cir- cumstances connected with the mem- | | bers in question; while, secondly, the new laws are to apply not only to the existing trade unions but also to any | groups or executive committees formed by members of the trade | unions; and, thirdly, the so-called | ‘working regulations,” which were | hitherto limited to the purposes of an | arbitration body, may in case of need | give the authorization of a lockout, | ie., a counter-measure on the part of | the employers. } Slash Wages. How is it that just this year should | see the passage of new reactionary | trade union legislation in Norway? Firstly, as a result of the situation | in Norwegian class relations. After a lockout of several months in four industries, the Norwegian employers were still unable to come to terms | with their workers, and the bour-! gevisie began to reckon with the pros- pect of the workers being supported by the trade unions of the Soviet Union. The effectuation of the wage reductions (by 17 per cent) in the year 1925 entailed six lengthy lock- outs. A repetition of the conflicts on such a scale would have endangered the stability of the currency and oth- er achievements of the capitalists. The employers found themselves un- able to carry out a further wage re- duction by 15 per cent on their own account, and they therefore had re- course to the legislative means of | their labor-exploiting state, the en- tire apparatus of which is at present in the hands of the Conservative Party. Open Shop Legalized. During the social semi-pacifism of the former Liberal government, the employers’ association was opposed to the compulsory arbitration law, as was also the Conservative Party, but since in view of the readiness of the workers to fight they could find no other solution of the conflict despite many attempts in various di 8, Many workers are availing them- selves of the opportunity offered by | World Tourists Inc, 41 Union Square, New York, to see Russia this summer. The cost of the six weeks trip is $575, including passage both | ways tourist on the Swedish-Ameri- can Line. The U. S. S. R. Society of Cultural Relations with Foreign | Countries will aid World Tourists in Russia. e Economic Theory of the Leisure Class by Nikolai Bukharin a ié Nikolai Bukharin, being president of the Communist International, is the leading Marxian theoreti- cian in the world today. He | has done a great deal of scten- tifie work in the field of so- ciology and economics, and has published a number of outstanding these fields, The “Keonomte Theory of the Leisure Class” is one of his most impo’ it writings to bi besides contributions in theoretical systems of classical economists (Smith, Flearee, othe ay Bukharin Kc: ‘dominant bour- mi aula aie: ene Whi ant style wt with ihe he anal- bb ves rah alae sae Ly hae, the 5 Ree the coupon. loge ir. the employers. and their government have had recourse to the old panacea of the Liberals, which they did all the more readily as they were in a posi- tion to combine the passing of this law with the establishment of the “stabilizing” enactments of the no- torious penal law, embodying their sacred principles of the “liberty of work” and the like. ‘ See British Hand, Added, to these reasons,’ however, there is the political influence of the foreign, and especially the British, capital in Norway. Just as British capital “slightly” influences the joint- stock conipanies of the Norwegian aluminium, paper, Epic Bigg MM en other industries, the policy of Norwegian government is “ateuie ed by the “pacific” power of the British Chnseriahive bel sinscty In Another inpietant Book Finsips octave, #325 Both books ‘to be obtained from THE DAILY WORKER PUB.CO. 38 Firat st, Nei ¥ York ia a ‘