The Daily Worker Newspaper, January 5, 1927, Page 1

s. TF Jan. 3 Gg \ f The Daily Worker Fights: For the Organization of the Un organized, For a Labor Party. For the 40 Hour Week. FAERIE D8 ROE SR iets Sao a a Vol. Ill. No. 300. Subscription Rates: *, U.S. IN GESTUP«... 7ST SEE HR “MAY WEEK IN OF RECOGNIZNNa. 4 sng «REM PEKING FORCES British Proposals Hit Cantonese BULLETIN, SHANGHAI, Jan. 3.— Shanghai is now almost within the shadow of the advancing Cantonese armies which have now ‘reached the Hangchow- Ningpo® Railway line in Chekiang jprovince. The southerners were ac- eslerating their advance. The wealthy Chinese residents of Hangchow are leaving the city, and alt trains arriving at Shanghai to- day w crowded with refugees, It was reported here that the north- ern authorities are sending warships, to Ningpo to try to prevent the cap- ture of that city by the Cantonese, ee (Special to The Daily Worker) PEKING, China, Jan. 3.— Attend- mnce of official American representa- tives at a New Year's reception for Gen. Chang Tso-lin, where represent- tatives from the other forelgn pow- ters were also present, is seen as vir- ,tual recognition by the United States government of the reactionary war lord as “head” of China. Greetings of the United States were extended to Chang Tso-lin and he was referred to as the “leader of the pa- clfication movement in China.” Much significance is attached to the weception and the presence of Ameri- ans there in view of the new inter- national political situation involving ‘China resulting from the British “me- ‘morandum on Chinese policy.” Chang Conducts Campaign. Chang Tso-lin has been busy late- ly. conducting a campaign among for- -@ign envoys here to get them to re- cognize the Peking government. He has made persona! calls upon all the ministers. A new agreement between ‘Chank and Marsha] Wu Pei Fu to con- tinue their joint attack on the Canton government, is reported, They had previously been near a split on ac- count of internal squabbles. ®Britain’s memorandum on the Chinese situation providing for revision of financial policies pursued by the for- ¢ign powers in regard to customs and surtaxes is attacked by the Canton revolutionary government as a means of aiding the North China militarists. Application of the Washington confer. ence principles_on the disposition of surtaxes will give, the Peking govern- ment about $80,000,000 annually, which will be used by the northern war lords to make war on the Canton- ese without restraint, it was declared. Cable Kellogg. Foreign Minister Chen of the south- ern republic has cabled the United States department of state a re- quest to refuse the British proposal. The cable said: “We learn it is the intention of the United States gov- ernment to agree to the British pro- posals, which mean two-thirds of the new revenue would be given to our political enemies to renew warfare, and thus delay the liberating of China from international control. It means not only that General Chang Tso-lin will receive substantial revenues, but gilt edged security will be created enabling him to float a loan and save his inflated currency from collapse.” Chen also deciared that the permit- ting of this “rich customs looting” would result in a bloody struggle for Shanghai. Press Unanimously Against It. The Chinese press is almost unani- mous in condemning the British pro- posals. They declare the appearance of liberality on the part of Great Brit- ain is merely a sop thrown at China, They declare that hypocrisy prompied Great Britain to make the proposal, knowing that the other powers would not accede, and thus, for commercial Teasons, allow Great Britain to blame the others for aggression, ° France Objects. LONDON, Jan. 3.—The French gov- ernment has rejected the British gov- ernment’s proposals for a “new pol- icy” toward China, it is announced by the foreign office. The French re- ply to Y British note was not made public, but it is known that it was bitterly hostile. Italy, it is announced, agreed with the British memorandum, provided that all of the other powers agree. No reply has yet been received from the United States. HINDENBURG WOI'T TAKE DICTATORSHIP UNLESS HE FEELS INCLINED TO jal to The Daily Worker) nt Hindenburg ign on his part to take advantage of powers con- ferred by the Weimer constitution and establish a dictatorship—except in the improbable event of an armed ganinet the etate, ( \ q me ts vy Worker) PITTS. » Jan. 3—The Indianapolis ntion of the United Mine We.xera of America that meets on Jan. 25 will draw de- mands for a five-day week and a 6- hour day, according to statements made by officials in District Five. The present wage scale, or a higher one will be demanded. Under no circumstances will a decrease be ac- cepted, the officials said. It was also declared that the con- ference between union officials and mine operators to frame a new agreement to succeed the Jackson- ville agreement will be held in February either in New York or Cleveland, instead of Miami as an- nounéed previously. The officials support their de- mand for a six-hour day and five-day week with the statement that it will make the miners nore efficient and will not increase the cost of production thereby. NEW REPORTS GIVE BROPHY LEAD OF 2 1011 Representative Returns Show Victory (Special to The Dally Worker) SPRINGFIELD, Hil., Jan. 3.— Addi- tional returns from 20 additional lo- cal unions show Brophy heading the “Save the Union” ticket, leading Lewis by better than 2 to 1. The vote for Stevenson and Brennan, run- ning mates of Brophy for vice-presi- dent and , secretary-treasurer, aitho slightly yw that cast for Brophy, average about the same over their respective opponents. The local un- ions reporting are representative of Returns by Locals. District 5—Local Union 280, Brophy, 133; Lewis 255. Local Union 4561, Brophy 47, Lewis 1. Local Union 1359, Brophy 146, Lewis 22. Local Union 1973, Brophy 28, Lewig 60. Dis- trict 4—(coke region) Local Union 5279, Brophy 8, Lewis 0. Local Un- ion 3137, Brophy 287, Lewis 165. Lo- cal Union 2398, Brophy 165, Lewis 117. District 7—Local Union. 5516, Bro- phy 62, Lewis 40. Local Union 1376, Brophy 68, Lewis 19. District 12—Local Union 1421, Bro- phy 418, Lewis 154. Local Union 264, Brophy 144, Lewis 55. Local Union 826, Brophy 89, Lewis 55. Local Un- ion 865, Brophy 450, Lewis 131. Local Union 4648, Brophy 376, Lewis 50. Wil- sonville Mine Number 4, Brophy 719, Lewis 143. f The local union at South Superior, Wyo., gave Brophy a majority of 48, Tax Refund Grows, WASHINGTON.—The figures given out as to the amounts of. tax refunds has jumped to $721,646,777. This cov- ers the period between July 1, 1917, and Sept, 30, 1926, mi In Chicago, by mail, $8.00 per year, Outside Chicago, by mail, $6.00 per year, MEXICAN CRISIS IS CONCERN OF ALL U.S. LABOR Victory of Oil Crowd Blow to Workers By LAURENCE TODD, * (Federated Press) WASHINGTON—(FP)— Under di- rect and indirect prompting from the State Department, American oil com- panies controlling 85 per cent of the oil production in Mexico have defied the government of the republic to enforce its oil and land laws, which took effect Jan. 1. Organized labor in the United States and Canada is affiliated with organized labor in Mexico in the Pan- American Federation of Labor, whose president is William Green and whose vice-president is Luis N. Morones, a member of the Calles cabinet at Mex- ico City. Morones is minister of commerce and labor, and as such will have much to do with enforcing the law which requires the oil companies to take out permits for operation and development of the oil lands they claim to own, and which they acquir- ed after the new constitution took effect in May, 1917. More Serious Than “Oil.” At Pan-American Federation of La- bor headquarters, in the A. F. of L. building in Washington, the attempt of Kellogg, acting for Standard Oil and other American oil interests, to coerce the Mexican nation into a sur- render of its constitutional rights to its mineral lands, is looked upon as something more serious than a dis- pute over oil. It is seen as a blow at the Mexican government headed by Gen. Calles and brought to power by the Mexi- can Regional Federation of Labor. American investors in Mexico find the Mexican labor movement an obstacle to their schemes of quick exploitation of the country. They see in this !a- bor movement a threat to their fu- ture power, not only in Mexico but In Central and South America. thru the Calles government, is suc- cessful in this struggle with Kellogg and the Standard Oil group, Mexican labor will become less and less cheap. It will compete less injuriously with American labor, but will steadily in- crease its share in the proceeds of industry in Mexico, If it loses, and Mexico becomes more submissive to American exploit- ers, to that degree Mexican peons will be forced to compete, by lower wage bidding, with American labor in the Southwest. But in the event of defeat the danger of a long war in Mexico against American domination will be increased. Standard Oil, and Mellon's Gulf Oil, will insist on American interven- tion to protect their claims. Back of Standard Oil and Gulf Oil are a hun- dred other big financial and manu- facturing interests that look forward to developing Central and South America as economic colonies of the United States. They see Mexico as a hotbed of labor sentiment that may spoil their future supply of cheap Ja- bor in the countries to the southward. They hope to break this rebel class spirit now, in Mexico, by a show of force on the part of the Washington government. One Thosisaid. of Cleveland’s Jobless Almost Wreck Building: Asking Work at Distributing Directories at $2.50 “(Special to The Daily Worker) CLEVELAND, Ohio—The offices of the Motten Distributing Co., 1010 St. Clair Ave., Cléveland, were the scene of a near riot when over a thousand joble: seeking work, stormed the building. ae oe The men begar gathering at the doors of the company at 5:30 a. m. in response to a wewspaper add for 100 men to distribute telephone direc- tories. By 6:45 over a thousand men formed a milling mob in the rear of the building where they had been in- structed to apply for jobs. When the rear door was opened the men made a rush forward each hoping to be in time to beshired. In the rush win dows were broken and as the crowd inside grew, a partition gave way and the crowd surged into the main office of the company. The men packed in like sardines, aud unable to foree their way ont, were forced to stand for three hours while waiting to be hired. The com- pany officials did not even condescend to inform them why no one had as yet been hired by 9:00 a m, or whether or not anybody would ever be hired, The men, mony of whom had been out of work for montis and were flat broke, were in no mooi to be bullied and shoved about by the officials of the company, and sv09 fst heean to fy. Police reserva, FRANCE AND ITALY MASS TROOPS ALONG FRONTIER IN LATEST WAR MOVEMENT LONDON, Jan. 3.—Six legions of 1,400 fascists each have been mai ed along the Franco-Italian border, according to the Daily sketch. Private advices here state that France has established strong mili- tary forces along the frontier. ———— were called out and cleared the butld- ing with their usual brutal tactics, Later some 60 men were hired and the rest dispersed, and told to “keep moving.” This indicates the extent of unem- plkyment in Cleveland at present. One thousand men fought for a job which pays the magnificent wages of $2.50 per day. The Cleveland News came out with a two-line, seven-column streamer on front page, over its story of this struggle of the men unemployed to make a pitifully small wage. And then there was a day’s delay in the’shipment of two car loads of the. directories, so that the few who were hired were forced to wait 24 ce baCore atarting in on the ; WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5, 1927 LEFT WING DELEGATES 10 1. L. 6. W. JOINT BOARD ARE OVERWHELMINGLY ELECTED Left wing delegates were elected by a vote of 800 out of 1,100 voters of Chicago Local No. 66 of the In- ternational Ladies’ Garment Work- ers’ Union in the election held this week, carrying Into office ten execu- tive board members out of thirteen. This is the Jargest proportional vote that was ever cast by any local of the I. L. G. W. Mollie ries el a vice-president of the intérn: openly worked with the fright’ wing caucus. She promised all the support that the reactionary machine could deliver, financial or moral. Much money was spent by the machine to get the few votes, They even visited the homes of Members and made promises to many of them. The right wingers now openly talk of using viglence if they cannot hold power with legal machinery. SOVIET BUREAU ISSUES REPORT OF PROGRESS IN 1926 American Imports Fall as Others Make Gains (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Jan. 3. —The fol- lowing New Year's statement was is- sued by Boris EB. Skvirsky, director of the Russian Information Bureau: “The Soviet Union enters 1927 with its industrial output advanced beyond the pre-war rate, agricultural produc- tion back to the pre-war level, and a general and marked economic im- provement during the past year. Since Sept. 1, foreign trade has shown a Pronounced favorable balance. Dur- ing the past year industrial produc- tion increased upwards of 40 per cent over the previous year, and a fur- ther increase of 17 per cent during the present year is predicted. In ev- @ sitjation of the country today than at any time 3 5 has entered up- on the first stages of a notable eco- nomic development, in which I am confident that American technical methods and American technicians will play a conspicuous role. In some respects the country stands where the United States stood half a century ago. Its natural resources are enor- mous. Under the most favorable con- ditions it will be many years be fore these canJbe fully exploited. “Railway construction is an index of the recovery<of the country. In 1918 Russia had) only 42,500 miles of railway, and »mearly a third of the mileage was destroyed during the world war and the revolution. Today upwards of 46,000 miles of railway lines are in operation. The new lines in process of construction include a South Siberian trunk line of 1,250 miles. Work on a new line to con- nect the cotton belt in Central Asia with the Siberian grain and timber lands to the north, 882 miles, will be begun in the spring. The railway ser- vice is now supplemented by 10,000 miles of airplane lines in regular op- eration. “Notable progress is being made in super-power development. A dozen regional power plants are now in op- eration. The present capacity of pub- lic service stations is more than triple that of a decade ago, and new plants in process of construction will add 420,000 kilowatts. Work on the Dnieper river hydroelectric develop- ment, which will be the largest in Enrope, will be begun in the spring, and $10,000,000: has been appropriat- ed for the initial construction this year. Col. Hugh L. Cooper, the build- er of Muscle Shoals, who has studied both the plangs‘and the site, is now on his way to Moscow to consult with the Supreme Economic Council on the possibility of further association with this development. “American-Soviet trade for 1926 will probably be somewhat less than $80,- 000,000, as compared with the record figure of $110,000,000 for 1925. Ameri- can exports to the Soviet Union fell off nearly 40 per cent, and both Ger- many and England gained at the ex- pense of American manufacturers. At present there are obvious handicaps to the development of commercial re- lations between the United States and the Soviet Union, which I hope will be removed in due course.” COMMUNISTS REPORTED EXECUTED SAID TO FACE LIFE IMPRISONMENT RIGA.—It is reported here that the four Communist leaders, Pos- chele, Greifenberg, Tschiorny and Giedris, who were sentenced to death, have received commutations to life imprisonment, granted by the dictator, Antona Smetona. No con- firmation of thie is available, how- Ai thin Sens. 290 ee PAN-AMERICAN U.S. 1S PLAN Washington Disturbed Over Developments NOTE:—The accompanying copy- right report was sent out from Washington by the correspondent of the International (Hearst) News Service, George R, Holmes. It gives an Important and interesting sum- mary of the situation now facing Wall Street imperialism in Latin- America, eee (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Jan, 3, — President Coolidge and his advisers are con- siderably disturbed over the increas- ing evidences of American unpopular- ity in the countries of Latin-America. These evidences have been accom- panied by circumstantial reports that a strong movement is afoot in Central and South America, backed by power- ful influences, for the organization of a real pan-American union, with the United States on the outside looking in, rather than being the directing force, as is the case with the exist- ing union, Fight Yankee Dollar, It has for its object the welding of the Spanish-speaking peoples of the western hemisphere into a cohesive organization to combat what many South American statesmen consider the’ persistent encroachment of “Yan- kee imperialism,” and “dollar diplo- macy." There is reason to believe, from confidential reports reaching Wash- ington, that this movement has gain- -d considerable actual headway in the last few months, and that it centers in Mexico City, where the Calles gov- ernment shows increasing signs of yermanency and power. It is known, ‘or instance, that the project has been seriously discussed, and at length, by high Mexican officials and representa- tives of other South and Central American countries in Mexico City. Watch Chilean Amb: Senor don Miguel Cruchaga Torcor- nal, the Chilean ambassador here, left Washington last night for Mexico City on a hurried and unexplained mission. He went at the direction of his gov- ernment. This may or may not be significant, but it was so regarded to- lay in Latin-American circles in Washington. And it was widely, though quietly, discussed, There ig scarcely a country between the Rio Grande and Cape Horn that has not some grievance against the United States. Some of them resent the economic grip of American bank; ers on their affairs; some the fre- quent landing of marines “to protect American lives and property”; others the state department's “interference” in their diplomatic affairs, Mexico's grievances are of a cen- tury’s standing, complicated just now by the controversy over Mexico's rights to enact and enforce her own laws governing foreign ownership of Mexican lands, Both Chile and Peru are aggrieved over the age-old Tacna-Arica bound- ary dispute, which the state depart- ment has been for several years try- ing to “mediate” without success, and (Continued on page 2.) ador. UNION WITHOUT BER \ Bntered at Second-class matter September 21, 1923, at the Post Office at Chicage, lilinols, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Wheeler’s Resolution in Senate (Special to The Daity Worker) WASHINGTON, Jan. 3,—De- manding immediate withdrawal of American warships and ma- rines from Nicaragua, Senator Wheeler, democrat of Montana, today introduced a resolution in the senate attacking the state department's policy and declar- ing that the United States is supporting an illegally elected | administration in the Latin American republic. MAY URGE SMITH ON WASHINGTON Is Senator - Nominate Welcome as Pole-Cat BULLETIN. WASHINGTON, Jan. 3.—The south rose in revolt in the senate this after- noon against republican threats of political punishment for the demo- cratic opposition to the seating of Frank L. Smith (R) of Illinois and William S. Vare (R) of Pennsylvania. Defending the treatment of Negro voters in the South, Senator Caraway (D) of Arkansas, announced southern democrats would oppose seating both Vare and Smith. He challenged the republicans to carry out their threats to investigate southern elections. Shortly after the new southern at- tack was launched, the democrats succeeded In reviving a custom of 100 years standing in having senators take the oath by a majority vote of the chamber. It was revived in the case of Senator Nye (R) of North Da- kota, and, of course, will be called up aS a precedent when Senator Smith presents his credentials. eee SPRINGFIELD, Ill, Jan. 3—A de- mand on the United States senate that it seat Frank L. Smith of Dwight, senator-designate from Illi- nois, ig expected to be one of the first acts of the Fifty-fifth general assem- bly when it convenes in this city Wednesday. Representative Robert Scholes of Peoria, who will be re-elected speak- er, on his arrival here today admit ted that he had heard that such a resolution had been prepared and would be offered “right off the bat.” He professed ignorance as to the identity of the author of the rasolu- tion. Scholes said that friends of Smit’ were desirous of early action by the legislature as he (Smith) is expect-d to present his credentials in Wash- ington this week. The session is expected to open with thrills, for another resolution has been prepared asked for an in- vestigation into Governor Len Small’s defense fund contributions from state employes. As the governor's friends are overwhelmingly in con- trol this resolution is expected to be sidetracked, ee WASHINGTON — It is expected here that Frank L. Smith will pre- sent his credentials as a member of the senate on Wednesday or Thurs day. ny Communists at Berlin and Prague Demonstrate at Lithuanian Legations MOSCOW, U, &. 8. R.—At (Special to The Daily Worker) erlin and Prague, imposing demonstrations were organized by the Communist Party in protest against the fascist terror in Lithuania. The demonstrations in Lithuanian legation. both cities were held in front of the According to a communique from the office of the military commander of the political police at Kovno, Lithuania, preliminary investigations will be made in the cases of several prominent Communists, and court-martial proceedings may be brought against them. Chicago Adds Its Protest! Tonight Chicago will add its protest in a great meeting to be held at Lithuanian Hall, 2133 South Halsted Street, and again tomorrow evening at Roseland, 107th and Indiana Avenues. Chicago workers should avail themselves of these opportunities to add their influenoe to the world-wide protest of the working cla: inst the terror which the white guard of Lithuania is directing against the class- conscious workers of that country. nit coin /@ Article by Anthony Bimbar en ‘Lithuanian developments on page thres. | NEW YORK | EDITION Published Daily except Sunday by THE DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO., 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Ill. Price 3 Cents Senate to Get Facts Showing Bankers Back of Attack on Nicaragua SELIGMAN & C0,, BROWN BROS.AND WHITE CO. NAMED | Coolidge-Kellogg Rale in the Limelight (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Jan. 3.—That the United States gover t's invasion of Nicaragua was defin and direct ly inspired by Wall banking regime as a means of gaining contro! of public utilities in the republic, is to be revealed by the senate. Announcement has the senate comm tions which has be Nacaraguan situation since ing of American Jabezas, has secured idence revealing partment was follo of the bankers in orde Nicaragua b troops ng marines te Several Banking Houses Named. The banking houses of J. W. Selig- man and company of New York and Brown Brothers company of Baltimore have already been named as directly implicated in the s as has the J. G. White company of New York, a financing and engineering corporation. Other banking houses, including some of the biggest on Wall Street, are expected to be named by the senate committee, “The state department has been playing hand-in-glove with the - bank- ers in the Nicaraguan affair,” was one statement made in connection with they exposure by the senators. ae. Financial relations of the American bankers with the Diaz regime are be- ing probed. It is already known that the bankers loaned Diaz $7,000,000, receiving for the money control of the Nicaraguan National Bank and the national railroad, both legally owned by the people, as well as huge profits and commission fees. Wall Street had planned to sink its deeper into Nicaraguan pub- lic utilities, it {s pointed out by the investigators, and saw in the liberal government of Dr. Sacasa a threat against their continuing robbing the Nicaraguan people. With Diaz in con- trol they were able to maintain their control. It was for the purpose of maintaining Diaz as a tool of the bankers and to crush the opposition of the liberals that the state department ordered U. S. gunboats and soldiers to Nicaragua. A sub-committee of the foreign rela- tions committee, under Senator Ship sted (Minnesota, Farmer-Labor), has been detailed to investigate and pre- (Continued on page 2) DEMS MUST BACK AL OR NOTHING, SAYS SUPPORTER Party Threatened With Defeat by Smith Man (Special to The Daily Worker) WASHINGTON, Jan, 3.—Unless the democrats will nominate Al Smith for the presidency in 1928 they are damned and doomed, says an anony- mous “Disfranchised” in a letter to Washington correspondents. Likens Others to Dogs. “If Smith is turned down,” he writes, “a ‘hound-dog’ would do just 18 Well and stand just as much chance »f election as any human democratic 10minee. Only a fool would think that New York and other eastern states friendly to Smith would support any other democrat, knowing Smith to be the one man of a century worthy of the office of president. It is either Smith, @ sure winner, or some other democrat, a sure loser, and many years of disruption and defeat for the democratic party. Enter, Religion. “Smith’s enemies have feverishly in- vestigated both his private and pub- lic life and the only thing found to his ‘discredit’ {s that instead of profess: ing some modern religion invented by a ‘Nordic’ he persistently practices a religion founded by a foreign Jew in Jerusalem in the year A. L. 33." So religion comes into the 1028 areas, Ky So ros acmmngtnamaman eat: Tei