The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 13, 1926, Page 6

THE DAILY WORKER ed by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. | ngton Blvd i) Phone Monroe 4714 SUBSCRIPTION RATES i) (In Chicago only): By mail (outside Sf Chicago)? $4.50 six months $6.00 per year $3.50 six months ths $2.00 three months ——) 1113 W. Vi Chicago, By $8.00 pe Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Blvd. Chicago, th o J, LOUIS ENGDAHL — Meh eee Hattors WILLIAM F, DUNNE MORITZ J, LOBB... smessrnmeceneee Business Manager FRR rt Sede NS Eo RRAAEERRRR CORE: HD Watered as second-class mai! September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Chi cago, Ill., under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising rates on application. ares A Dictatorship for the Philippines The United States government has established a dictatorship in the Philippine Islands. There is no other conclusion possible from the news that by an executive order Governor-General Wood has abolished the Board of Control, consisting of the president of the senate and the speaker of the house of the Filipino congress. ¥ Manuel (nezon and Manuel Rexas, both leaders of the move- ment for Philippine independence, are president of the senate and Speaker of the louse respectively. They have been stripped of their powers. The Board of Control, authorized by the legislation, had wide It appointed the executive boards of all the Philippine the National Bank, the Manila Rail- and other corporations. ion abolishing the Board of Con- powers, government enterprises such as way conpany, coal mining. comp: It is understood that the dec irol has been upheld by the advocate-general of the army and by the attorney general, Sargent. They declared thé legislation authorizing the board and determining its powers was illegal. All powers formerly vested in the Board of Control are now the powers of Governor-General Wood. He is a dictator. The. elected tatives of the Filipinos can exercise no check on his activities. repre This is the answer of American imperialism to the demand for the fulfillment of the promise of independence contained in the Jones bill and an indication that the Coolidge administration will make an attempt to force passage of the Bacon bill which proposes to divide the islands and gives far wider powers to the colonial gov- ernment to be set up under its provisions than are now possessed even by Governor-General Wood. i There is no doubt but that the recent sweeping victories of the forces of Chinese national liberation.which has placed more than half of China in which are included the richest agricultural dis- tricts and the most advanced industrial centers—in the hands of the Kuomintang government with its base among the workers and peas- ants, has had much to do with this open and sudden change from a ry iation to one of intimidation and suppression. The growing possibility of a powerful and militant nationalist govern- ment in China, having a tremendous influence upon the other na- tionalist movements in the Far East, has thrown a scare into the imperialist ranks. They have done exactly the thing which will strengthen the in- dependence, movement in the Philippines and which will rally to the support of-this movement large numbers of middle class and working class sections of the American population. In the light of the suppressive action by the Coolidge admin- istration the coming Conference for Filipino Independence to be held in Washington, December 17-19, assumes. great importance for the American labor movement. : It must give to the opposition to subjugation of the Philippines a militant program based on the new developments which show that the Filipinos face no different problems than do other colonial peoples altho deceived greatly up to the present time by the democratic pre- tenses of Ameri¢an imperialism. “Try and Throw Us Out!” policy of cone | Soviet In the first article, Yavorsky re- counts the difficulty with which the imperialists maintain their alliances in both Europe and the Far Hast. But despite their own conflicts, Eng- land and France, the European im- perialist leaders never cease their activity against the Soviet Union. They attempt to form ever larger alliances of the smaller states near Russia into locks against the Soviet Union. While Britain and Japan are at.loggerheads in the t, their common enmity of the is still a big factor. Pe He (Continued from the previous issue) Allies in Every Country. Besides these antagonisms and con- filets among the capitalists, prevent- ing the formation of any firmly estab- lished group having as its object the suppression by force of the ultimate seat of revolution, Soviet Russia, there is another factor to be taken into con- | sideration, and one which is likely to ifinally be formed, from the: inside, Now that a new type of state has come into being—the Union of Social- erto unknown in the history of inter- national relations has arisen. It is no longer possible to form an unbroken united front against the Soviet Union in any single country, for the proletar- ian class character of the Soviet Union creates for its allies in every country, All capitalist governments tare taking this fact seriously into ac- jcount, for it is perfectly obvious that the possibility does not exist, in any important country, of mobilizing an jarmy for a war against the workers {and peasants of the Soviet Union. The Soviet | split up the anti-Soviet front, shonld it | ist Soviet Republics—a situation hith- | It need not be emphasized that the present state of comparative external security enjoyed by the Soviet Union is, for the most part, the result of the unwearying and systematic work of the’ Soviet country in its efforts to- wards the restoration of its economics and the firm establishment of its po- litical position. work is however at the same time partially due to the fact that the lead- ers of the foreign policy of the Soviet 'of the possibility of a complete isola-|England, which was anxious to follow Union, when organizing their relations | tion of the Soviet Union from the rest up the great war by interference in with the bourgeois world, have applied | of the world entirely illusory, At the |the affairs of the Russian revolution, their knowledge of the reciprocal re-' present time there is no state whose |and by gaining a firm foothold on the lations and struggle of forces in the interests are not, in one way or an-|rich naptha-yielding shorps of the Cas- capitalist state of society, and have | other, bound up with those of the So-|Pian Sea and the Persian Gulf. | utilized the analyses of social cesses bequeathed us by, Marx and En- gels. Soviet diplomacy contains no element of subjectivism, in its estima- tion of the international situation; thus, all the achievements and suc- cesses of the Soviet Upion in’ its re- lations to foreign stdtes have been foreseen and have been realized as soon as the necessary conditions were given. Soviet Diplomacy Ig, Marxist. T was to be foreseen: that the cap- italist states wouldgbe bound to make an attempt, sooner or later, to enter into relations avith the Soviet Republics, But the utilization of the conference at Genoa as: an opportup- \ity for preparing the; way to the de jure recognition of the Soviet Union |by the most important states of Hu- rope, depended to a great degree on the energy and skill of the Soviet |representatives. Already the con- clusion of a trade agreement with ;England had dealt a deadly blow at [the blockade which had been imposed on the Soviet Republics for a number | of years. It cannot, of course, be | maintained that the conclusion of this |agreement’ fell into the lap of the |Soviet government like ripe fruit, But (By Our Special Correspondent.) EXICO CITY. Sept. 24.—(By Mail.) On Sept. 13 a train bearing ex-Pres- ident Obregon was surrounded by about a thousand Yaqui Indians between Her- mosillo, the capital of Sonora, the rich northwest state of Mexico, and the town of Cajeme, which is the cen- ter of, Obregon’s large agricultural in- terests, This was followed by the announce- ment, a few days later, that the gov- ernment intended to inaugurate an ex- termination war against. this tribe, which occupies the rich valley of the Rig Fuerte and the mountainous re- gion up to the border of the United States. These events caused surprise, because the backbone of Obregon’s military power has always consisted in trained Yaqui troops, who have often been called the Mexican Cos- sacks, OSTILATIES are now in full force; trainloads of troops have been dispatched to the state of Sonora, The government is using infantry, cavalry, artillery and airplanes in this cam- paign, which, because of the extreme- ly rugged nature of the terrain and the arid character of the mountains is comparable to the campaign against the Riffs. : For some months there have bee’ difficulties between the authorities and the Yaquis—that “state within a state” —as El Excelsior, the leading conserv- ative newspaper characterized the Ya- qui race bloc, The nature of these difficulties has never been officially disclosed. ti Vare of Pennsylvania and Smith of Hiinois, having had their seats won for them at a cost of several million dollars, take their places In the e and challenge their opponents to kick them out. They may be expelled— this won't prevent the same thing happening again. The expulsion of ry didn’t stop the game for Smith and Vare anyhow. T WAS generally understood that negotiations of some sort had been going on for some time, and that Obregon and Gen. Manzo, head of the local military division, and the state authorities were in conference with Yaqui leaders in Hermosillo the day vefore Obregon’s train was held. up, me of the reasons for the intereept- ing of his train being that the Yaquis feared their leaders had met foul play. Various causes have been ascribed to the difficulty that has caused the Mexican government to resort to a dangerous war which cost the older dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz, millions of pesos, and was never successfully terminated even after twenty-three years ‘of almost continuous combat. HE principal crop of Cajeme is the garbanzo, or chickpea; second to this are rice, corn and beans, Rice, the Indians will not cultivate nor eat. Obregon ocntrols the entire market for the garbanzo and, it is claimed, has made millions of dollars since leaving the presidency as a result of his spec- ulations in this crop, buying up the products cheaply and selling them in the United States, The Indians have been the chief sufferers, and many of them, it is claimed, have lost thelr lands, and have been further hostilized in the process of foreclosures by Gen. Manzo. HE town of Cajeme is the center of the richest lowlands in the Ya- qui region, The Yaquis were dispos- sessed of these lands under Diaz, They became largely the property of the Richardson Land company, one ‘f the wealthiest American land hold- ng corporations {In Mexico, As a re- walt of the revolution, the company ost the best of 4ts holdings fn Sonora, ‘Thousand Of were returned to the 8. beds part of this land | whieh is mow by ex-President (eee taamemi: ’ The: Yaqui Indian a ! the estimation and calculation of the | secret forces of Franco-English antag: | onisms, at a time when England still) appeared to be in a very strong po- sition, could only be made by a di- plomacy equipped with the methods of | Marxist. analysis. The successive recognitions of the The success of this | soviet Unions following closely upon |®gainst the encroachments of British jone another during the last two and | ja half years, have made even the idea | u Pro- viet Union, even though outside of| The Soviet government |the confines of official recognition: It | \is solely with Switzerland and Rouw- | mania that no relations whatever ex- | ist, and the sole reason for this is that | the Soviet government is boycotting | these countries. { The Soviet Union has had to con- tent itself in Europe and America with commercial and diplomatic rela-| tions with bourgeois states which | have been driven by economic neces- sity to recognize the Soviet Union, but in Asia it has been able to’ gain a position as the sole state whose friendship is anxiously sought after by all independent and semi-independ- ent countries. It is true that this in- clination of the eastern peoples to- wards the Union of Soviet Republics, and the example given by the suc- cessful struggle of the peoples of the Soviet Union against the united forces of foreign intervention, have drawn down upon the union the deadly hate of British imperialism. But the fact that the Turkish republic, for in- stance, has preserved its independ- ence, is incontestably an item on the credit side of the emancipation of the East, and a big success for Soviet policy. HE Soviet government, in renounc- ing the sphere of influence {n Per- sia, and the slavery contracts im- posed upon this country by the czar- {st government, has enabled the Per- sian people to concentrate’ the whole ‘of their powers against reactionary feudalism in their own country, and imperialism. The independence of Persia is a heavy blow for imperialist was fhe| first’ to Tecognize the independence of | Afghanistan, and thus aided the Afghan | people to free themselves from the usurious overlordship of British im perialism. The outcry raised by thdse English who derive profits from colon- jes and war, at the Soviet danger al- leged to be threatening India from Afghanistan, merely signifies that the English imperialists have abandoned the hope of being able to attack the Soviet Union from this side. | Japan held the last niece of Soviet territory in the Far East, occupied | during ‘the intervention. The question of North Saghalin was an obstacle to the settlement of relations between | Japan and the Soviet Union so long | as Japan calculated upon being able to exploit th8 weakness of the Soviet Union.. But finally and at last, Japan was obliged to settle this question in accordance with the demandg of the Soviet Union, which showed neither nervous haste tor weakness in this | chronic conflict with Japan. Saghalin | was finally restored to the Soviet Un-! jon, and at the same time Japan abandoned her support of the White | Guard bands operating in the Far East. i nion and the Imperialists, HE relations of the Soviet Union to China are extremely difficult, in ynsequence of the complicatedness of Chinese conditions, Nevertheless, here too the Soviet Union has remained true to its principles, and supports the endeavors of the Chinese people to- wards national emancipation. The Soviet Union, in renouncing the unjust agreements concluded by the czarist government, gained for itself such an enormous degree of populatiry among all classes of the Chinese peo- ple, that even that faithful servant of foreign capital, Chang-Tso-Lin, has not ventured to prevent the return of the East China railway, which is on Man- churian territory. The reactionary Chinese generals, at the instigation of foreign imperial ists, and out of fear*of losing their own privileges, have however adopted a hostile attitude towards the Soviet Union. But the end of their rule, and even of their existence, is merely a question of time, and not a very long time “at that. A free China, now car- tying forward its successful armed struggle against Western imperialism and reaction at home, will be the ally of the Soviet Union in its struggle against imperialist violence. xe this struggle 1n the Hast becomes more acute, the clouds gathering over the Soviet Union become the more threatening. British impertal- ism is persistently forging chains of alliances, combinations, and agree- ments, all aiming at surrounding and strangling the Soviet-Union. It would be foolish to suppose that capitalism, seeing its existence threatened by the revolutionary movement in the classes and nationalities, will abandon its po- sition without a struggle. The whole question consists in the forces of the revolution meeting the danger under those circumstances and conditions most favorable to the revolution, Obregon, and he has “been continually adding to his possessions, Another contributing factor, it is said, has been the withdrawal of a peace subsidy which the government has been paying to the’ Yaquis. This tribute was inau; ated by de la Huerta, the revolutionist of 1923-24, Still a further factor has been the re- ligious question, Th aquis, while one of the most pagaa groups in Mexico, conserving most of their old legends, ritual, ete., were led by Cath- jolic priests, who had succeeded in making a hybrid relfj b warlike spirit p_thru fanat- tuation is fur- fact that the ical propaganda, The ther complicated by various governments, inning with Madero, have supplie e Yaquis with arms. Thousands of em were well- equipped with arms the govern- ment during the de la Huerta rebellion several years ago, and most of them | Seturned to Sonora with their arms. | The Yaquis present’ @ serious na- tional problem. They fre, according to the Mexican constitution, Mexican citizens, Many of them have entered into the so-called civilized environ- ment; many of thet ‘e.jntermar- ried with regular Me: or Mesti- zos. Yet, as @ group, Yaquis have remained more or less distinct, and they have a lurking-hatred of the central authorities, All outsiders are known to Yaquis as “Yori,”:and there is no greater word of contempt in the Yaqui language. Letters From Our Readers “Marie” Editorial. I desire to commend the editorial, “Romany Marie,” contained in The DAILY WORKER of October 13. These people need to be told who and what they are in plain and unvar- nished language; also astray proleta- rian here and there may get the idea if he sees it reiteratedie Likewise, | commend;“The ‘Y’ Gets Away with Murder. Again,” in The DAILY WORKER Qetober 12. In my judgment, no better work can be done than to undermine.and bring into disrepute the various fads that super- stition has built. As as man be: eves in an all-powe! god he will rely upon that god ta do for him, in- stead of doing for elf—and why shouldn't he? If god idea out of their | will be able to do go selves,.and the leav A young lady of my | who has reached the. 11 years, being reqi teacher to submit an o1 tion of her own turned in a paper which she irreverently head- lined “Jehovah Advertises.” I enclo! the article as an evidence of the fact that some of the children are getting away from superstition, Yours for the cause, James C. Williams, Kansas City, Mo. Dear Comrade—The enclosed gem was clipped from the editorial page of the Wichita Beacon issue of Oct. 28, and is a fair sample of the 1 tellectual pabulum that sheet dish up to its readers. Fo the uninformed, I Wichita Beacon is Uprisi _ URING nearly 400 years, since the first Spanish campaign of subju- gation in 1533, the Mexican nation has been at peace with the Yaquis only labout eighty-five years. During the |Diaz epoch, largely because of the ‘confiscation ‘of land, there was scarce- ly any continued peace. The Yaquis are warlike, related to the Apache tribe which caused the United States {so much difficulty. Indeed, the rem- nants of the warlike Apaches gradu- ally migrated into Mexico and settled among the Yaquis, ; Many of the Yaqui uprisings have been provoked by ambitious politi- cians, seeking to further their own) ends—as, for instance, that of Gen. Urrea and Gov. Gandara, in 1838, who used the Yaquis against the central authorities for their own ambitious purposes, HE same story has been repeated many times. During the recent revolution the Yaquis were used by Obregon against de la Huerta and be- fore that against Victoriano Huerta. Nevertheless, the Yaquis themsglves have little to show for their sacrifices. The presencee of th Yaquis in the mountains, of course, prevents any extended mineral exploitation, Sonora is one of the wealthiest mineral states in Mexico; with fabulous resources in copper, silver, gold and lead. Here, in Cananea, are the largest copper mines in the country. Most of this min- eral wealth which is exploitable be- longs to American companies, shield of that valiant Christian night, Henry J. Allen, ex-governor of Kansas, and fond parent of that late, dut not lamented abortion, the Kansas Court of Industrial Relations, I have been a reader of the beacon for some years, and when it comes to persistent and shameless lying about the “radicals” and consistent opposi- tion to everything that tends to hu- manize industry, I do not hesitate to back it against all comers, It is, and always has been foremost in the yelp- ing pack that clamors for the blood of Non-Partisan Leaguers, Socialists, |. W. W.’s, Communists and other eco- nomic outlaws. a And the worst of it is that the asinine braying of its editor have all the force of holy writ with the {vast majority of the yokels thruout the wheat belt. Fraternally, R. F. Kurry-—Wichita, Kans, TROTSKY ANSWERS ATTACKS MADE ON HIS BOOK, “WHITHER RUSSIA?” ‘To convert the argunients raised against his book,“Whither Russia? To- wards Capitalism or Socialism,” Trot- sky has written the following letter to Alexander Trachtenberg of the In- ternational Publishers, American pub- lishers of the book: “Qn my return to Moscow I found on. my desk a copy of the American edition of my book, “Whither Russia? Towards Capitalism or Socialism?” The book as published by you makes an excellent impression. “Certain foreign periodicals have at- tempted to weaken the conclusions drawn in my book by reference to the economic difficulties thru which our country is passing., How astonishing! Capitalism itself, in its development, is constantly passing not only thru periods of boom, but aiso thru pe- riods.of crisis, but the fact of periodic crisis does not obliterate another more fundamental fact, namely, that of a progressive development of the productive forces, t Futile Reasons. “At present, now that European cap- italism is already no longer able io undertake a systematic expansion of its productive forces, its theorists and statesmen take every one of our eco- nomic difficulties of the socialist prin- ciple in economy. How futile! Be- fore a realization of the material and cultural conditions for a harmonious socialist economy becomes possible it will be necessary for us to pass thru a number of difficulties, which, grow- ing out of our economic development, will at the same time more or less retard it. ae ‘Progress Certain. “At any rate, one thing is clear and beyond dispute: in a comparatively short time we have worked our way up out of disorganization and fright- ful poverty only by applying the centralized national methods of ocntrol of our egonomics. Had w§ had =the American technology the American material forces, the qualifications of the American work- ers, our socialist methods of economy would have yielded incomparably greater results than under a capitalist regime, which is necessarily based on an anarchic system of competing trusts, . How They Reason, “The exposition in my book starts with the control figures published by the Gosplan last year, Since that time these figures have become sub- Ject in part to considerable emenda- tion and correction. Some of the book's critics have made use of this circumstance also, in their attempt to .|among other things: “Stalin, who is |Plete misunderstanding of the question (Note: — Comrade Kurry’s letter | nullify its basic conclusions, But refers to an editorial which says, | their effort is based either on a com- now on top of the Soviet heap, says {Or on their own preconceptions, The that the old war-cry of the Bolsheviki |s@neral table of control figures pub- about a world-wide revolution is an | lished by the Gosplan included, on the idiotic slogan’ and he Proposed to }one hand, the balance sheets for the abolish it... Time has’ taught tho |Past year of the Soviet economy; on Bolsheviki many lessons, One of these {the other hand, certain -preliminary lessons is the futility of the world re- | lata for the fiscal year 1925-1926, The volution .. . accounting figures, defining the net re- sult of the work already performed Rich Boy Palms Off Rubber Check. | ve not been refuted in any way, and it is hardly necessary for us to await NEW YORK, Nov. 11.—WiiliamJany more precise indices of our suc- Barton French, scion of a prominent |cess and achievements, As for the New York family, was arrested here preliminary or directive figures con- today upon his arrival from Hurope |cerning the current economic (fiscal) aboard the French liner Paris, He is|year, these data were no doubt charged with giving a check’ 4} cessive and have required certain nec- “Hotel bill in Nice which came |back J ogsary corrections, But this condi- marked “No funds.” mcaied does not interfere in the slightest degree with the fundamental conclu- sion$ of, my book. Whether our in- dustrial production ig increasing this year by 45 per cent or by 30 per cent, as compared with lastvyear’s produc- tion, is a matter of some importance, no doubt, but a great step forward will have been taken in either case and the fundamental conclusions will therefore remain perfectly valid. Co-ordination Needed. “Of course, these new conditions will also involve new difficulties aris- ing from the necessity of c-ordinating all-the phases of our economy, and particularly of preventing industry— which is the basis of our socialistic construction—from lagging behind in the evolution of our national economy asa whole. The surmounting of these difficulties, the solution of new-prob- lems as they arise, and consequently the acceleration of the entire tempo of the socialist evolution of the country, will depend on a correct estimate and on a correct distribution of the na- tional economy, as well as on the en- tire general tendency of our economic policy, “I shall be very glad to think that my book will enable the American reader to understand our problems, our mistakes, our successes, and to draw the proper conclusions concern- ing the future economic destinies of America itself, “With communist greetings, “L. Trotsky.” WHITHER RUSSIA— Toward Capitalism or Socialism® % Leon Trotaky An extraordinarily timely discus- sion of the tendencies in Russia's internal and international policy as affecting its economic development, Trotsky, in his well-known brilliant and incisive style, analyzes a ques- tion that hag been the outstanding problem before the Soviet govern- ment, ~ Cloth bound—$1,50 rs Vi READ THIS NEW