The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 4, 1926, Page 6

Page Six THE DAILY WORKER) | Publ ed by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. Wa on Blyd., Chicago, Il, Phone Monroe 4713 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mali (in Chicago only): By mail (outs'de of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six months $2.50 three months $6.00 per vear $3.50 six months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, linols J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F, DUN MORITZ J. LOE .. Editors Business Manager Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the post-office at Snt- cago, lil, under the act of March 3, 1879. Gm 290 Advertising rates on application. x: —==== = —— Page Senator Borah! We have another job worthy of the steel of the brass-lunged sen- ator from Idaho. In a recent issue of the Norfolk Journal and Guide, a Negro paper published in Norfolk, Virginia—that state so justly famous for the elegancy of its lily white aristocracy and for being the birth- place of Woodrow Wilson—we find two news items that should make people sit up and think. News item number 1: The last general assembly of Virginia passed a law making it unlawful for fraternal insurance companies with white officers to insure Negro members. Thousands of Negroes in the state are insured in such companies and many of them have yet to learn that the policies that represent the nickels and dimes they could ill afford are not worth a French franc. Thus is the noble Nordic ved from contamination by the touch of a Negro hand, but we dare say the noble Nordic would risk pollution many times over, for the sake of the Negro’s cash. News item number A Mrs. Blanche Brookins, colored, was taken from a Pullman train at Patalaka, Florida, incarcerated in a jail for the night, and brought before a judge the following morn- ing, who fined the lady $500 and costs with the alternative of six months’ imprisonment. The fine and costs amounted to $518.17. It was paid. What was the lady’s offense? Was she caught stealing a ride? Was she guilty of some improper action? Surely, the noble Nordic | of Mayflower ancestry will protest that the Anglo-Saxon conception of justice would not touch a human hair unrighteously. But listen. The lady paid her fare. She was not charged with attacking a defenseless white person. Her crime was to be a Negro and with having violaged Florida’s Jim Crow law which prohibits Negroes from riding on a Pullman train. “Mrs. Brookins purchased Pullman reservations in New York, for a thru trip to Orlando, Florida. At Jacksonville the conductor requested the lady to leave the car. She quite properly refused. The conductor then wired to the authorities at Patalaka who took action. When the judge inflicted the fine he said: “That happens to be the maximum penalty or it woud be more.” According to the Norfolk Journal and Guide a test case will be made of this incident. We hope so. And the Negro organizations that may take up the matter should not appeal for aid in the fight to Negro organizations only. Every worker in the United States should feel that this is a matter of concern to him. The.treatment accorded to Mrs. Brookins is only one incident in a long series Of insults to the Negroes of the south. We admit that it is a lesser crime than the countless lynchings that go unpunished in the motherland of the ku klux klan and the stronghold of the demoerat party. But no line can be drawn between lynchings and other abuses. They have their origin in the hateful, ignorant tyranny of the spawn of the southern slave owners and in the lack of organization of the Negroes. Those who would be free must fight their own battles. But: this is a battle that every intelligent white worker must call his own. The enslaved white workers and the twice-oppressed Negroes must fight shoulder to shoulder. ; Perhaps Senator Borah might be induced to deliver another speech in the south and wax as eloquent over the violation of the 14th amendment by the southern kluxers as he did over the war. waged in the north against the Volstead law. France Getting Stripped A headline in a capitalist paper tells us that France is strip- ping to save herself. What is actually taking place is something quite different to what the papers would have us believe. Unless the present indications are misleading the international bankers have decided that they cannot afford to allow France to wallow in the mud of financial chaos any longer, on the theory that a financially dirty France would smear the economy of every other country she comes in contact with. Furthermore, the French cap- italists have now been separated from most of their conceit and are in the proper mood to take whatever the international bankers in their generosity feel like handing them. At the recent convention of the Communist Party of France, a reporter for the executive declared that in all probability the American and British financiers were preparing to put France on a Dawes plan basis and that the stabilization of the france was not far /off. Poincare is the well beloved of the money power. He is as obedient to their wishes as Coolidge is to the House of Morgan, He has more brains than our Cal, but in Europe this does not disqualify a politician. By the time the bankers get thru stripping France, that country d, wnene will be ag n ly speaking, as a Moulin Rouge chorus. CHICAGO FEDERATION OF LABOR TO NOMINATE DELEGATES AUG. 15 TO ILLINOIS FEDERATION MEE7 Nominations for delegates to the Illinois State Federation, of Labor con vention will take place at'the August 15 meeting of the Chicago Federation of Labor. Election of these delegates will take place at the September 6 meeting. «+ Nominations for officers of the Chicago Federation of ‘Labor will take place September 5 and elections at the September 19 meeting. The Leather Workers’ Industrialé——————————_— ain Union is now carrying on an organ-;the union has opened a drive in an ization drive in Chicago in an attempt | attempt to organize all workers that to unionize the industry, The delegate|are eligible to the Leather Workers’ from this union to the lrg Feder- | Industrial Union, ation of Labor ee out that in) The delegates of the United Hatters’ the last four or five years the union | loc cal pointed out that the chain of 4 has suffered gre sy because of the depression in the industry. - Unem- ployment made heavy inroads into the | delegates to let, their membership unjon membership |know that these hats are made by Sin the resumption of employment j non-union Jabor and to act accordingly, a Sartoff stores in Chicago are “unfair” to the Hattors’ Union and urged the eres THE DAILY WORKER Last Words en Evolution By ERNEST HAECKEL, CHAPTER I. The Controversy About Creation. Evolution and Dogma. f aga controversy over the idea of evolution is a prominent feature in the mental life of the nineteenth cen- tury. It is true that a few great think- ers had spoken of a natural evolution of all things several thousand years ago. They had, indeed, partly investi- gated the laws that control the birth and death of the world, and the rise of the earth and its inhabitants; even the creation stories and myths of the older religions betray a partial influence of these evolutionary ideas, But it. was not until the nineteenth century that the idea of evolution todk definite shape and was scientifically grounded on various classes of evidence; and it was not until the last third of the cen- tury that it won general recognition. The intimate connection that was proved to ‘exist between all branches of knowledge, once the continuity of historical development was realized, and the union of them all thru the Monistic philosophy, are achievements of the last few decades. The great majority of the older ideas that thoughtful men had forme: on the origin and nature of the work. and their own frame were far removed from the notion of “self-development.” They culminated in more or less ob- scure creation myths, which generally ut in the foreground the idea of a versonal creator. Just as man has ised inteHigence and design in the making of his weapons and tools, his houses and his boats, so it was thought hat the creator had ‘fashioned the world with art and intelligence, ac- cording to a definite plan, Among the many legends of this kind the ancient Semitic story of creation familiar to ‘1g as the Mosaic narrative, but drawn for the most part from Babylonian sources, has obtained a very great in- fluence on European culture owing to the general acceptance of the Bible. The belief in miracles that is involved | n these religious legends was bound o come in conflict, at an early date, with the evolutionary ideas of inde- pendent philosophical research, On the one hand, in the prevalent reli- gious teaching, we had the supernatu ‘al world, the miraculous, teleology: on the other hand, in the nascent science of evolutionsonly natural law. pure reason, mechanical causality very step that was made by thig inconsistency with the predominant religion.* If we glance for a moment at the various fields in which the idea of evo- lution is scientifically applied we find that, firstly, the whole universe is con- ceived as a unity; second, our earth; thirdly, organic life on the earth; fourthly, man, as a special immaterial entity. Tlius we have, in historical succession, the evolutionary research of cosmology, geology, biology, anthro- pology and psychology, The first comprehensive idea of cos- mological evolution was put forth by the famous critical philosopher Im- manuel Kant, in 1755, in the great work of his earlier years, “General Natural History of the Heavens, or an Attempt to Conceive and Explain the drigin of the Universe Mechanically, According to the Newtonian, Laws,” “his remarkable work appeared anony ously, and was dedicated to Fred- rick the Great, who, however, never saw it. It was little noticed, and was soon entirely forgotten, until it was exhumed ninety years afterwards by Alexander von Humboldt. Note par- ticularly that on the title page. stress is laid on the mechanical origin of the world and its explanation on Newton- ian principles; in thigqway the strictly Monistic character of the whole cos- mogony and the absolutely universal rule of natural law are clearly ex- pressed. It is true that Kant speaks much in it of God and his wisdom and omnipotence; but this is limited to the affirmation that God created once *The word “evolution” Is still used in so many. different ways in. various cos that it Ix important to fix it in which we here evolution,” in the widest stand the unceasing “mu. adopting Spinoza's m of substance; tt self “matter and “nature and mind’ fied), Hence the Ata broader range of stance,” which ral validity of “the Th the latter a ¢ w of the constan (Lavoisier, La) and “the law on obmenergy' (Robert 'Nitmvaried may be m of these elements in world-process, Cf Chaper xxvi of Riddle,” (equals the we » of evolution fi the histor postulates t the sclonoe brought into aiden relief its | ype for all the unchangeable laws of na- ture, and was henceforward. bound by them and only able to work thru them. The Dualism which became. so pro- nounced. subsequently in the philos- opher of Koenigsberg. counts for very little here. The idea of a natural development of the world occurs in a clearer and more consistent form, and is provided with a firm mathematical basis forty years afterwards, in the remarkable “Mecanique Celeste” of Pierre La place. His popular “Exposition du System du Monde” (1796) destroyed at its roots the legend of creation that had hitherto prevailed,-er the Mosaic narrative in the Bible. Laplace, who had become minister of the interior, count, and chancellor of the senate, under Napoleon, was merely honorable and consistent when he replied to the emperor's question, “What room there was for God in his system?” “Sire, I had no need for that unfounded hypothesis.” What strange ministers there are sometimes!} The shrewd. ness of the church soon recognized that the personal creator was dethron- ed, and the Greation myth destroyed, »y this Monistic and now generally re- eived theory of cosmic development, Nevertheless it maintained towards it he attitude which i¢ had taken up 250 ears earlier in regard to the closely elated and irrefutable system of Co- vernicus. It endeavored to conceal the auith as long as possible, or to oppose t with Jesuitical methods, and finally lt yielded, If the churches now si- ‘ently admit the Copernican system and the cosmogony of Laplace and have ceased to oppose them, we must attribute the fact partly to a feeling of their spiritual impotence, partly to an astute calculation that the ignorant masses do not reflect on these great problems, (To be continued.) tCertain orthodox periodicals have lately endeavored to deny this famous athelstical confession of the great La- place, which was merely a candid deduc- tion of his splendid cosmic system, They say that this Monistic natural philosopher acknowledged the Catholic faith on his deathbed; and in proof of this they offer us the later testimony of an Ultramon- tune priest. We need not point out how uncertain Is the love of truth of these heated partisans, When. testimony of this kind tends to ‘ftha of religion’ (i. @., thelr own good). “held to be'a pious works (pin frauae, the other hand, it is interesting: AL the reply of © Prussian minister’ of religion, Von Zoditz, 120 years ago, Mi. the Bresleau Consistory, when it Los Angeles Cleaners and Dyers Fight for Union Recognition Los Angeles cleaners and dyers are carrying on a militant strug- gle against their employers in an attempt to force {recognition of their union, a 15% wage increase and the 44-hour week. demonstrations have been organ- ized and union recruiting stations have been opened before the vari- ous plants where some workers are still at work. Picketing struck cleaning and dying ‘SPOTTER’ BIDS HIGH FOR MINE WORKERS’ PAPER Super Controls Coal Town Like Monarch By ART SHIELDS, Federated Press. INDIANA, Pa. Aug. 2.—A breezy narrative.of the company “spotter” on a rampage in one of the Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh Railroad coal towns is given by a miner in a letter to union field headquarters in Indiana. It is written just after a raid of Pres- ident Jim, Brophy’s organizers with auto loads of union literature. Boss Tools on Job, “This evening,” the miner writes, “some of your organizers distributed several bulletins. Whereupon our town spotter and the super, electrician and another machinist, promptly gath- ered every,one up and burned them. Some, of course, the children got hold of. The aforesaid birds slapped the children‘and jrelieyed them of the bul- letins. “A few they didn’t dare slap for per- sonal reasons. Their father serves ‘ooze for the spotter, in fact. So they ive the children, 15, 20 and 25 cents piece for them. Wow! Super Is King. “The super maintains authority and yower over our social affairs. We sathered up a ball team and he tried o run it, so it has busted up. Now 1e has gathered a team up among the ‘olored men over at Whiskey Run. Te is law there. “If a man makes $25 here in two weeks he is doing exceptionally damn zood. We get paid for nothing except coal, and ‘they, roh two-fifths of that. Two-fifths goes*to the ‘grab shop’ (company store) and the remaining fifth to us, Closed Town. “No one is allowed in the town ex-’ cept those whom the spotter knows. A tramp was in town a few days ago and asked a lady for a bite to eat. The spotter was close and he put the chase on him. Pretty low down, eh? “Come on, boys; give us some more bulletins.” Indiana coitfity is a big coal producer on the western border of the central Pennsylvania district. Jt is dominated by the Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh interests who broke their contract with the miners’ union a year and a half ago. The union’s preliminary propa-) ganda drive in the county, leading to- wards a recovery of the field, has put the local bosses into a highly nervous condition, as the above story—one of many—shows, Millinery Workers of N. Y. Form New Demands NEW YORK, Aug. 2,—Millinery workers of Now York want a mini mum wage of $65 weekly for all in the trade, meaning raises for, others than cutters and operators, who now ge’ this rate. The union asks a chang: from piece work to .week work in eight large shops which retain the old system, The workers also want ¢ guarantee in their new agreement tha employers in smaller shops will n¢ work at the bench, Get an autographed copy of Red (Cartoons by Fred Ellis and Rewer"! ' Minor, WITH THE STAFF | | | Being Things From Here and | There Which Have Inspired Us to Folly or Frenzy ART FOR ART’S SAKE. You'd never have thought it, but Art | Shlelds of the Federated Press has blossomed out with an appreciation for humor that we never suspected he possessed. Art comes to bat with the following on Weigh Bosses, who are the mine owners’ representatives on the coal mine tipples, supposed to weigh the cars sent up by the miners, but who—if not watched by a union check weighman—usually robs the miners on weights: The Three Brothers. Bill and John and Jim were three brothers and all were bosses in the same mine. Bill was the superintendent; John, the mine foreman; and Jim, the Weigh Boss. An evangelist came to town and Bill and John hit -the sawdust trail and joined the church. They were very. happy in their new faith and begged Brother Jim, the Weigh Boss, to join too. Jim thought it over. He wanted to join. He wanted to have peace of mind and to be one of the com- pany of converts and go to heaven when he died. But there was some- thing in the way. He worried all one night and found no way out. “No, brothers,” he said, “I can’t join. I'd like to go to heaven, ana I'd like to be happy like you. But I can’t join. It’s all right for you, Bill, to be a christian. You are only the superintendent. And for ‘you, John. You are only the mine foreman. “But if I join the church, who in hell is going to weigh the coal?” 0, SO BACKWARD! Returning from a five-day trip thru the remote provinces of the Philippine archipelago, Colone] Carmi Thompson arrived in Manila in time to see the telegrams from the, United States tell- ing all about the latest slush fund ex- Posures. He at once sat down and dictated the following message to the American press correspondents: “Outside of the city of Manila, the Filipinos are decidedly a backward people. They have no pep nor adapta. bility to the modern world. In 12,000,- 000 population there is only 150,000 jaily newspaper circulation. This con- dition hinders the development of an enlightened public opinion as a check on the politics which is essential to the democratic form of government. Some Americans believe that It is im- possible for the Malays ever to govern themselves and that they are destined always to remain a subject people.” s. Why Not One Musketeer? In Syria there is a city known as Damascus, Its population is variously estimated from 275,000 to 400,000. And Damascus contains just three Amer- ican citizens, no more, no less, One is the consul, One is a missionary. And the third represents the Standard Oil company.—Chicago News. oe + ,, FROM REAL LIFE. He was free in the forest, Mr. Bis- tany saw him in a tree. A tempting bow! of liquor was placed at the foot. He came down and took just one drink. Then he took two more, screamed and fell unconscious. When he woke up he was in a cage. >From a Story on How Monkeys Are Caught for the Zo, .., © JESUS IN JERSEY, NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J. — Mrs. Frances Stevens Hall, widow of the Re’ erend Edward W. has been locked up in the ios td ged with mur- der. The, bodie: clergyman and Mrs. Eleanor Mi , choir singer and wife of the si in of his church, wei under a crabappie tree, two days after they disappeared, he st followed charges made by Arthur S, Rein, petition for mer ai his maria, ui The petition eihi had admitted to that she had of intimesige. ‘ae Millec—-News item. 7 * @ This is awful, particularly in the presence of a respectable crabap- ple tree. With Jesus wandering around. from cactus deserts to erabapple - orchards, nothing's safe any more, but a tawicab, husband intimate with the and that she knew en him and Mrs. “Neither I nor anyone else in Poland want war, We maintain ow army for defensive purposes any.” — Marshall: Pit- - sudski, i: ‘|