The Daily Worker Newspaper, April 10, 1926, Page 13

=~ ~~ By TANG SHIN SHE. “The bourgeolsie, which Is decay- Ing while still allve, will be replaced by the proletariat of the European countries and by the young democ racy of the Asiatic countries, which Is full of faith In Its own powers and of confidence in the masses.” (Lenin. é YEAR has passed since the death of Sun Yat Sen, who roused the four hundred millions of the Chinese people and led them to fight far free- dom. His spirit, which during his lifetime developed in an ascending scale, just at the present moment dominates the Chinese people to an enormous degree. His most imme- diate wishes: the national revolution, the fight against the imperialists, the fight against internal enemies and, for this purpose, the improvement and disciplining. of the. revolutionary ar- mies, the fulfillment of which he did not live to.see, are now well on the way to being carried out. Let us look at the situation today in China and the Kuomintang party since the death of Sun Yat Sen. The Canton government formed by Sun Yat Sen, the headquarters of the national revolution, was seriously threatened by General Tshen Shui Ming, the tool of the imperialists at the time of our leader’s death. Only @ month later, however, in April, 1925, Tshen Shui Ming was defeated; but he was not the only enemy. In Can- ton itself there were so-called revo- lutionary leaders of troops who were in reality the worst counter-revolu- tionary elements who enjoyed the sup- port of the English imperialists. In June they made an attack on the Can- ton government in co-operation with the governor of Yunnan (a protege of Japan and France). Nevertheless, in quite a short time, the party troops with the help of the revolutionary peasants and workers completely de- feated this really strong opponent. After these victories, a Kuomin (neople’s) government, closely resem- bling: the, soviet .system, was formed in Canton on July 1, 1925. In order to destroy this dangerous formation, the imperialists, especially English and Americans, organized their tools, General Tshen Shui Ming, Tuan She Sui and Chang Tso Lin, to make a general attack on Canton by land and by sea under the slogan: “The fight against the Communists!” By the end of 1925 all the attacking forces were driven back by the revolutionary soldiers and the armed peasants and workers, and the whole province of Kwangtung, with a population of 40,- 000,000, is now in the hands of the Kuomin government. The province of Kwangsi, which has for a long time sympathized with the Canton govern- ment, allied itself quite closely with the latter since that victory. Even Sun Tchuan Fang, the military ruler of the lower Yangtse district, whose provinces border closely on Kwantung and Kwangsi, has expressed his sym- pathy with the Canton government, impressed by its strength. The leaders of the revolutionary troops of Hunan, Kuishow and Yunan send delegates to Canton to prepare the way for co-operation. The gov- ernor of Hunnan, who had up to then been a bitter opponent of the Canton government and who marches under the manner of federalism, ordered that Sun Yat Sen’s teachings should be laid before his soldiers. The only Kuomin government in Canton. The latter will send 20 @ivisions of sol- diers to the north in order to Hberate imperial- arm the to #8 : : i e 45 i d rT srl : i HE ee diers. Not only are all of them well trained and equipped from the mili- tary point of view, but they also pos- sess political knowledge. They have a clear conception of both the na- tional revolution and the world revo- lution. In addition to these troops in. south China there are in north China the revolutionary Kuomin © armies, about 400,000 strong, under the lead-} ership of Feng Yu Hsiang; at least 200,000 of them are well organized and armed. The revolutionary troops in China are strong enough to play a decisive part in the national revolu- tion and in the annihilation of the counter-revolutionary elements; what is still lacking, however, is the con- nection between the troops of north and south China, The fights in China caused by the bloody Saturday on May 30, 1925 (when the imperialists fired at un- armed demonstrators in Shanghai) have shown us how deeply Sun Yat Sen’s slogans: “Fight against the im- perialists!” and “The abolition of the unequal treaties!" have taken root among the Chinese people. Not only the students, workers and small shop- keepers but also the Chinese peasants, who represent more than 80 per cent of the population, have taken up a fighting attitude under the banner of the Kuomintang. In north China the population com- pelled the national armies to establish close connections with the Canton gov- ernment and to take up a definite attitude of opposition to the imperial- ists. In south China the Canton gov- ernment was chiefly supported by the peasants and workers. Ever since Chang Tso Lin’s defeat in the Yangtse district the population of the whole of China has been demanding, in meet- ings, demonstrations and resolutions, the establishment of a central Kuomin government in Peking. When, in 1924, Sun Yat Sen, at the first party ses- sion of the Kuomintang, spoke for the first time of a national revolution many learned persons opposed the idea, arguing that it was a distant ‘vision; today the whole people is al- ready concerning itself, with the na- Before the China agreement in Washington, that plan of plundering our people, the imperialists intended to divide up China amongst them- selves, for which reason each of them tried to gain influence in certain dis- tricts; since the agreement was con- cluded the policy of the “open door,” at which America has aimed since 1899, has been pursued, i. e., since that time free competition thas prevailed in China. Not only the American, But also all those who had established their influence in certain districts in China, tried everywhere to penetrate further into the country. In order to be able to realize their plans more easily, they backed the military rul- ers and, thru their striving after power, caused the wars of the gen- erals in 1920, 1922 and 1924. England and America quite openly used Wu Pei Fu and Tchen Shui Ming, and Japan Tuan She Sui and Chang Tso Lin for this purpose. Since the beginning of the revolu- tionary movement last year the fights ‘between the military rulers no longer have the character of wars of the generals. The “Guide Weekly” (the organ of the Communist Party) writes as follows on the fight between Suan Tchuan Fang and Chang Tso Lin in October, 1925: “Workers, peasants, students, , small shopkeepers and a section of the bourgeoisie, i. e,, the whole Chi- nese people, form one phalanx against Chang Tso Lin; to these must be reckoned in the south 100,000 revolutionary soldiers of the Canton government and in the north 400,000 soldiers of the Kuomin ar- mies, which are fighting for national freedom. Only Tuan She Sui and the imperialists are co-operating with Chang Tso Lin. The great anti- Chang Tso Lin movement arises im- mediately from the people; Sun Tchuan Fang’s war against him is nothing but fuel. . . . The Chang Tso Lin clique represents not only the interests of the Chinese mili- tary rulers, but also of the foreign imperialists. Altho in this war one China and the Kuomintang a Year After Sun-Yat-Sen’s Death By Deni, in Moscow Pravda AS THE FOREIGN LORDS WOULD HAVE IT. They Wish to Have the Chinese Grovel Before the Imperialist with Foreign Flag and Whip. TO Min riiesiii —_—_— ists and, with this end in view, - of the military rulers (Sun Tchuan Fang) played an important part, the whole fight represents as a whole a movement for freedom.” It is easy to recognize that even that fight between Chang Tso Lin and Sun Tchuan Fank was no longer merely a war of the generals. It is still easier to prove this with regard to the pres- ent war. There is no longer anything but counter-revolutionary and revolu- tionary troops. All the counter-revo- lutionary, pro-imperialist military rul- ers, even the violent opponents of Chang Tso Lin and Wu Pei Fu, have combined to fight against the Kuomin armies under the slogan: “Against the Communists!” This means that all the imperialists, who were for- merly rivals in China, have united to suppress the Chinese movement for freedom, All the above mentioned progress and achievements within the last year have grown from the seed sown by Sun Yat Sen. What is the position of Sun Yat Sen's party since his death? The Kuomintang has taken root thruout the country and its membership has enormously increased. At the second party congress in January, 1926, a membership of 400,000 was recorded. ‘There were delegates from all the provinces and districts of China with the exception of the province of Sin- kiang and the district of Tibet. Pro- vision was made at the party congress for attracting still larger numbers of peasants and workers during the com- ing year. The manifesto of the Kuo- mintang, issued in January of this year, states that the Kuomin govern- ment and the national revolution can only lean on the strength of the peas- ants and workers. The purging of the Kuomintang, which had started in Sun Yat Sen’s lifetime, was completed at the last party congress; further, the left and right eleme:ts once more united. The new manifesto lays down as the chief duties for the coming year: “The fight against the imperial- union with the advanced countries of the world revolution. Alliance with the oppressed people of the whole world and alliance with the oppressed masses of the imperialist countries. Within the country a challenge is thrown down to the imperialist tools, the military rulers, bureaucrats, compradors (agents of the foreign merchants) and village usurers, for which purpose strong People’s armies are to be formed, an honest, disciplined body of of- ficials established, young Chinese industry protected and the peas- ants’ and workers’ organizations supported,” From the second party congress the Kuomintang sent a telegram to the soviet union, calling upon it to co- operate still more closely in the fight against the imperialists. Tchang Kai She, the present leader of the revolu- tionary armies, expressed himself as follows at the party congréss, with re- gard to the alliance with’ the” soviet union: Vs “Our alliance union, with the world revolution is actually an alliance with all the rev- olutionary parties which are fight- ing in common against the world imperialists to carry thru the world revolution.” In referenece to co-operation with the Communists, Wang Tching Wei, the leader of the Kuomin government, said at the party congress: “, .. . If we wish to fight against the imperialists we must not turn against the Communists. (Loud ap- plause.) If we are against the Com- munists, -we cannot, at the same time, describe ourselves as antagon- ists of imperialism. , . .” (Loud ap- plause.) This attitude of the Kuomintang has grown out of Sun Yat Sen’s political testament and out of his parting let- ter to the soviet union, The work and the struggles of the Kuomintang prove that Sun Yat Sen's disciples have remained true to his fundamental idea, BOR YOul} with the soviet**