The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 27, 1926, Page 3

% PERU'S DICTATOR PANNED BY COSTA RIGAN STUDENTS Brand Regime As Tool of America (Special to The Daily Worker) , SAN JOSH, Costa Rica, March 265. —Hmphatically protesting against the deportation of the outstanding leaders of the Peruvian students’ federation carried out by order of Dictator Le- guia of Peru, the students of this brother Latin-American republic have issued a statement proclaiming Le- guia a tool of American imperialism. Deport Students. Among ‘the.Peruvian students de- ported "ftom their country thus far are ‘Vietor’ Raul’ Haya de la ‘Torre; M. Seone‘and Laie F. Bsutamante, former presidents of the Peruvian: students’ gederation;: Oscar Herrera, Enrique @ornejo;’Endosio Rabines, Nicolas Terretos; “Jose Tebes, Alberto Del- gado, Julio Lecaros, Jacobs Hurwitz and Imis Velasco, All of them have actively opposed the maneuvers of Ameri¢dn imperialism in Peru. >», 4 Form League. The’ Costa Rican protest is signed by the,Association of University Stu- dents of Costa Rica, the president of ‘which is” Mantel Maria Zuniga P. tiembets’of ‘the organization are kniown té be co-bperating in the move to establish a ‘Costa Rican section of the, All- Anierica League. ” Liaptchev “Amnesty” Was Publicity Stunt (Special to The Daily Worker) SOFIA, Bulgaria, March 25.—After @ great publicity campaign for Liapt- chev, the amnesty has ended. In or- der to create an appearance of an un- limited amnesty, the Bulgarian eau- thority released Comrade Kabakt- chieff, but 575 workers remain in prison and 508 processes are still go- ing on. This was stated by the min- Anti - Imperialist | brate the centennial of our country’s UNION MEN! INSIST ON THE USE OF UNION LABOR ONLY AT THE PHILADELPHIA EXPOSITION THE DAILY WORKER The following letter was sent by the Workers (Communist) Party to the director in chief of the arrangements committee of the Philadel- _ Phia Sesque Centennial Internation: visions immediately be made for a workers’ organization that wants to al Exposition demanding that pro- palace of the workers were every participate may do so and also that only union labor be used in the exposition: '*Mr. Asher C. Baker, ‘Director in Chief, “Sesque Centennial International Ex- position, Philadelphia, Pa. “Dear Sir:—We have followed with in- terest your plans for organizing the Sesque Centennial International Expo- sition celebrating One Hundred and Fifty years of American Indepen- dence. Bosses to Have Exhibit. “Upon a thoro examination of your proposals we find that you make provi- sions for participation by various gov- ernments—such asthe governments of Hungary, Italy, Jugo-Slavia, Spain and Great Britain. We also find that you propose to have a Palace of Manufac- tures and Exhibition Buildings for live stock and dairy products, “In your prospectus of the exposition you very correctly state: “The exposition should properly be, and will be, a visualization of the spir- itual, scientific, economic, artistic and industrial progress that hasbeen made in America and in the world during the fifty years that have elapsed since the time in 1876 when the nations of the world were summoned here to cele- independence, “The visualization of a half cen- tury’s progress*can be made effective in some measure by buildings and the exhibits: which they ‘house, but mere steel and stucco will not tell the story. They may be made eloquent, but a deeper note must be added to their voice. On such an occasion as this, material expression must be overlaid with spiritual expression. ; Workers Must Have Exhibit. “It is on this basis that we propose that you should immediately also make provision for a palace of workers, In this sectfon of the exposition there ister of justice, Kulev, himself. Ac- cording to the regulations of the am- nesty law; more than two thousand emigrants cannot return to their homes. The amnesty does not prevent the court martials in Bulgaria to con- tinue their work. In the trial against the Communist organization in Shu- men (750 aceused) the following sen- tences were passed: 6 accused sen- tenced to death of being hanged on @ public square, and 5 heavy fines (Germaneff,, Tschernaeff, Psecheff, Pentscheff, Schetscheff, and Stoileff), eight accused sentenced to imprison- for Mite; six accused: sentenced to 15 years prison each, 94 to eight, six, five, three and one year of prison respectively and various fines. ‘A trial began in Sliven against 120. A trial against 70 is being carried on in Stara-Zagora. In Sofia Nenoff and tthe young worker, Pukoff, were sen- tenced to fifteen years’ imprisonment each. should be represented all the various organizations of the entire American labor movement. Such representation we consider absolutely: essential to an adequate portrayal of the spiritual, ‘scientific, economic, artistic and in- dustrial progress that has been made —— in America since the signing of the declaration of independence. “Besides, since the successful revo- lution, the American industrial and ag- ricultural workers have been the deci- sive forces making for the great de- velopment of the United States of America in every avenue of human Progress. Finally, to the extent that the declaration of independence is still a living document today, it is due pre- dominantly to the organized efforts of the industrial and agricultural work- ers. “We therefore, believe that provi- sions should immediately be made to have the industrial and agricultural workers present at the Sesque Cen- tennial Exposition their role in the de- velopment of America, A special sec- tion should certainly be set aside at the Sesque Centennial Exposition for a palace of the workers, to house all workers’ organizations desirous of par- ticipating in the celebration. Use Union Labor Exclusively. “We firmly believe that as a fitting tribute to the magnificent and déci- sive role played by the city and rural workers in the revolutionary war Ggainst British enslavement, in the Civ- il War against chattel slavery and in the spiritual, scientific, economic, and industrial progress of the United States of America, all: work of con- struction incurred and ail supplies used in the Sesque Centennial Exposi- tion stiould ‘be made and provided for only by union labor. Open shop labor of any kind has no place whatsoever in an exhibition organized to com- memorate the One Hundred and Fit- tleth anniversary of the signing of the declaration of independence and the first successful American revolution. “We are sending a copy of this let- ter to the executive council of the American Federation of Labor. “Hoping to receive an early and favorable reply to our request, we are “Sincerely yours, “C, E, Ruthenberg, “General Secretary.” America Participates in World Combination for Steel Rail Control (Special to The Daily Worker) PARIS, March 25 — Revival of a pre-war international steel rail com- bine began operation today when rep- resentatives from Hngland, America, France, Belgium and, Luxemberg met to consider the distribution of the word’s steel rail market. The feature of the new combine is the addition of America, America’s foreign commerce before the war in steel rails was negligible. Now how- The trial against the so-called for- eign committee of the Untied Front has taken place, 118 Communists and peasants were accused. Object to Fare Increase. Representatives of the Western Electric and other shops affected by the fare increase on the West Chicago and West Towns Railway company fines that will be put into operation by the Chicago Surface Lines on April 27, have voiced strenuous objections to the increase before the Illinois Commerce Commission. And. every worker's “the labor movement. DAILY WORKER is ee ped “Ate’you on the job? THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Il. NATO S cscissiscoesercossasvscecoeoe saben Street: knows that a strong press is wat the’ best means of building : Take a few copies to your next union meeting---get a sub from the man in your shop. Enclosed $.....css0e0 LOP serseeeeee MONthS to: RII ia da ba cis coahs etets i civtconeccnrdares bated ever, America is participating in the combine on the basis of an allot- ment of 20 per cent of the world’s steel rail business. . IMPEACHMENT OF JUDGE ENGLISH IS BEFORE HOUSE Congress Will Discuss Removal of Labor-Hater WASHINGTON, March 25. — The house judiciary committee today con- eluded its review of the charges against Federal Judge George W. Eng- lish, of Illinois who was appointed by President Woodrow Wilson at the re- quest of Samuel Gompers, a former president of the American Federation Under the terms of the agreement between the countries the world mar- kets will be “scientifically” allotted to the members. The cause of the combination is a thirty per cent over- production of steel rails. Take this copy of the DAILY WORKER with you to the shop tomorrow. who The ; grow- . RATES Outside of Chicago: One Year" ..........$6.00 6 Months «1... $8.60 B MOMS '....e0000..$2.00 In Chicago: One Year oss..$8,00 6 MODS oessseooee $4.50 B MOMEhS sssssssenn $2.60 nnanenenenneaneneneresesenereensseseons Aenneeeneneneeesseseenneressssenseste. of Labor and who later established a block injunction record. It was an- nounced that late this afternoon the committee will present the house with five articles of impeachment. The five charges each carry a num- ber of misdemeanors against English so that practically the full list of 28 articles drawn up by a sub-committee will be laid before the house, Seven managers of the fight on the floor to impeach English will be im- mediately appointed, it was announced. Roumania Allows Carol to Return BUCHAREST, March 25. — The Roumanian government hag author- ized Prince Carol, who renounced his succession to the throne for the woman he loved, to return home. ‘The prince is now residing in Paris as plain Carol Caraiman, a name which he formally adopted this week with the sanction of the Roumanian government, ; TWO SPEECHES BY KARL MARX Sy Address to the Communist League, 1850 and The Inaugural , Address of the Workingmen's Ass'n, 1864, These historical speeches, taken with the ‘Communist Manifesto,’ formulated only a few brief years before, constitute a key to Marx's outlook on fundamental questions of working clase po- lioy. By all means, pamphlet to your library, 5 Cents, ‘ Communist Manifesto....10 Cents Page Three GOVERNOR HOLDS CONVICTS SHOULD LABOR IN MINES Brandon Defends Brutal Prison System (Special to The Daily Worker) BIRMINGHAM, Ala. March 25, — Governor W. W. Brandon of Alabama still believes in the state’s system of prison administration under which al- most unbelievable cruelties have been perpetrated upon the unfortunate and helpless convicts. Despite the revela- tions of his own attorney general in the case of James Knox the governor has the cologsal gall to declare that “I know of no present existing evils attending prisoners in Alabama.” Brandon also. defended the practice of having convicts whipped for failure or refusal to conform to orders, Pledge Removal. Three of the four candidates in the coming primary for governor have publicly committed themselves to the removal of all convicts from the mines. +e Alabama Prisoners Horribly i Mistreated, By ESTHER LOWELL, (Federated Press Staff Correspondent) NEW YORK, —(FP)— The 1350 convict miners in Alabama’s three state run mines produce a million and a half tons of coal per year. Hach con- viet miner is forced to get out twice as much coal as the free miner. At- tention to Alabama’s convict coal mines and the many abuses making conditions like slavery has been roused ‘by the state attorney general’s finding that convict James Knox was killed ‘by brutal treatment instead of having committed suicide as official- ly registered. The Federated Press has obtained authentic information from a private investigator of prison labor conditions in Alabama. Mines Al! Dangerous. The mines worked by white and col- ored Alabama convicts are all gaseous, dangerous and free labor could not be obtained to do the work demanded of convicts, Cotvicts work as far as four miles in‘from the mine mouth. They have a task of 10 to 14 tons per man per day and are required to com- plete it under pressure of physical punishment amounting sometimes to torture. Convict miners are forced to mine one to folir tons over the task on the pretext that there is that much rock in the coal, Convicts start to work early in the morning thru the rough wef dripping slope and seldom see daylight, except on Sundays. They work 10 to 11-hours, six days a week. vi Own Law. The state Alabama leases and operates threé’mines, actually evading the 1923 state’ldw passed to end con- vict-leasing in te mines, Convicts are driven to thé°fask by trusty straw bosses instead of company foreman. Coal is sold Wack to the mine com- panies, f. o. bythe mine, Pratt Con- solidated Co. benefits at Banner mine; Sloss-Sheffield Steel & Iron Co. at Flat Top (where Knox and Taylor were killed); and Montevallo Mining Co. at Montevallo. Prisoners Leased Out. In addition to state convict miners, prisoners of 47 counties are leased in the old way to Alabama By-Products Co,, a Birmingham coal corporation with numerous mines. Convicts of 59 Alabama counties are leased to mines, lumber camps and farmers, (Leasing county prisoners is still legal in Delaware, Kentucky, ‘Louisiana, North and South Carolina.) Beaten to Death. James Knox, the convict whose death brought the state attorney gen- eral’s investigation, was short and fat, physically unable to do the heavy mining required, Testimony showed that he was beaten for days with trolley wire, shovels, hickory sticks, ete, and finally thrown into a wash vat and the steam turned on, He died of heart failure from fright. Bichloride of mercury was,pumped into his sto- mach to make itvappear he had poison- ed himself. $i Confirmed Warden’s Report. The state board of prison adminis- tration did not refer the later investi- gation of convict Hoot Taylor’s death to the attorney general but inquired itself, giving a yerdict supporting lo- cal prison officials, Wiley Pugh, con- vict hospital attendant whose note to the attorney 1 started the Knox investigation, testified in the later Taylor case that the convict had com- beaten but that les were made “by others said), Pugh said that Taylor “appeared to be dying of natural causes” during the three days he lay in bed. Prison Made Shirts The Reliance Mfg. Co. works Ala- bama state convicts at the so-called model Kilby prison, It does not lease convicts but contracts for the work of 400 making shirts, Reliance pays the state 75 cents per dozen shirts. Reliance contracts for chambray shirt cloth from the state prison cotton mill, employing about 225 convicts. Re- Nance gets two-thirds of the product. Too Exhausted for Overtime. Alabama state convicts get 15 cents @ week tobacco or spending money and extra compénsation for work above the task, ‘Reports show few working overtime voluntarily because ot the exhausting demands made to achieve the task, ‘Straw bosses in the mines get paid for cach ton of coal put out and use many brutal means to force convict miners to work over the task COUNTER-REVOLUTIONARY HENCHMEN FEAR THE REAL FACTS ABOUT THE SOVIET UNION; KNIFE SORMENTI NEW YORK, March 25——Comrade Aennius Sormenti was stabbed by one of the followers of Marco Slonim, a former member of the Russian czarist duma, and still a member of the decrepit Second International, when he dared to rise during a lecture by Slonim and try to show the assembled workers that Slonim was not telling the truth as..to the arrest of “political” prisoners in the Soviet Union. For weeks previous to the meeting the yellow Italian press advertised | that Slonim, a member of the sec-| ond international, would speak on the “struggle for liberty in Russia” and would also speak on “behalf of the political prisoners” now in jail in the Soviet Union. Leaflets workers attended the meeting. Stoolpigeon Chairman. A certain Valenti acted as chairman} of the meeting. Valenti has been Proven to be a spy during the war. He has also been found guilty of sell-| ing out the American Shoe Workers’ Protective Union to the bosses. He was expelled from the union for his activities on behalf of the bosses, Slonim in his speech told He after lie as to the Russian revolution and as to the counter-revolutionary activ- ities of the anarchist, syndicalist and socialist groups in the Soviet Unions. The class conscious Italian workers protested against this attack on the Soviet Union pointing out that Slonim were also} passed out and a number of Italian} — was telling lies and trying to hide the nature of the “political” prisoners that are now lodged in Russian prisons for trying to knife the Russian workers’ and peasants’ revolution. Knife Sormenti. As Sormenti rose again to protest a number of the followers of this mentally bankrupt Slonim encircled Sormenti and one of them stabbed Sormenti in the back, Sormenti ¢all- ed upon some of his comrades to help him as he was growing weak from the loss of blood. Comrade Bencich then went to the aid of Sormenti. These spouters for liberty and free speech and wielders of knives on the backs of working class fighters, then attacked Bencich. Bencich received a small Knife wound, Sormenti was taken to the hogpt- tal. His condition is serious due fo the loss of blood ahd the nature of the wound, A number of the Slonim henchmen were arrested, but were re- leased as there was no “proof” as to who had knifed Sormenti. PEABODY COAL CO, 10 IMPORT NON-UNION COAL To Pour 3,000,000 Tons Into Ohio District By LELAND OLDS, Federated Press. The Peabody Coal company plans to pour 3,000,000 tons of non-union coal a year into territory north of the Ohio river formerly served by the union miners of Illinois and Indiana. This announcement explains the re- cent closing of big Peabody mines around Kincaid, Tll., and in the south- ern part of the state. It means that the offensive of organized capital against the United Mine Workers, which began after the 1922 strike, is entering the final stage, Peabody coal has always been con- sidered a union concern. Now, ac- cording to its announcement, it has contracted for the exclusive distribu- tion of seven big non-union mines in Muhlenberg and Webster counties, Kéntucky, with a capacity of 10,700 tonsa day. The coal will be dis- tributed in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Missouri, lowa, Minnesota, the Dakotas, Kansas and Nebraska. Low Wage Scales. The mines included in the deal were originally union mines, but broke from the union in 1924 and have since been operating on the 1917 wage scale, This means, according to a representative of the Peabody com- pany, that the miners are paid 47c a ton instead of the $1.08 rate paid in Mlinois. The Chicago Journal‘of Com- merce says: “The entry of the company into the nonunion field has a significance in the labor situation in the highly or- ganized fields of Illinois, where the majority of the Peabody properties are located. Half of the Illinois mines have been closed because production costs swere too high under the Jack- sonville wage agreement, Mines Close Down, “According to the’ Illinois depart- ment of mines only 255 of the total of 402 shipping mines that operated at any time during the preceding four years worked at all during the year ended June 30, 1925. A recent survey shows that of these 255 mines ap- proximately 150 are now in opera- tion.” * Black Diamond, the leading journal of the industry, asserts that “the re- cent deal made by the Peabody Coal company for the product of a number of western Kentucky mines is bearing out the expressed belief of several coal men that a good many mines in Indiana and Tilinois will make no ef- fort to run this summer on the Jack- sonville wage scale and that large handlers will go to Kentucky for sup- plies.” How western Kentucky is undersell- ing Illinois is shown in the following figures, which include mine price plus freight to Chicago: Price of W.Ky. 8.01. Cent. 11, . 8.80-4.05 4,70 8.90 wwe 845-3.85 4.45 3.65-3.90 in... 8,10-8.55 4.30-4.45 3.90 Screenings 3.00-3.20 3.60-3.95 3.05-8.15 | Union Organization Needed, i This situation emphasizes the fact that union miners are up against a stone wall so long as the big fields in Kentucky and West Virginia remain unorganized... According to Black Dia- mond, the union will have a hard time in western Kentucky. It points to the fact that “a considerable amount of Negro labor is employed which does not care about unions, but merely for payrolls coming steadily,” and adds that “the 1924 strike in western Ken- tucky was lost and the strikers forced back to work as a result of lack of strike benefits.” FOR RENT: Furnished Room; all modern conveniences. 3244 Le Moyne 8.70-4,20 $4.55-4.95 $4.05-4.80 | No Differences of Opinion Allowable, States Mussolini (Special to The Daily Worker) ROME, March 25. — The fascist magazine, Gerarchia, published by Mussolini’s personal organ, Il Popolo d'Italia, contains a short signed arti- cle by the dictator in which he states significantly that “1926 is going to be the Napoleonic year of fascism.” After a review of the progress made during the last six years by this mag- azine, Mussolini concludes: “Fascism must not admit hetero- doxy. This is its peculiar character, the fundamental reason of its exist- ence, as well as of all ideas newly formed which strive to dominate the world. Fascism has won because it has never tolerated any difference of opinion; its block is monolithic, Fas- cism wins and will win so long as it preserves this austere sense of unity, this religious obedience and this aesthetic discipline. Faith, then, is necessary; not relative but absolute faith; faith in fascism which is «at work in: strengthening the outward face of Italy and the moral features of the Italians; faith in the fascist revolution which will have in 1926 its Napoleonic year, also because the new penal, commercial and maritime codes will come into force; faith in the Ital- ian nation, who is just beginning to have a material and moral place in the world, which it is capable of en- larging in proportion to its growth and growing power.” nips SEND IN A SUB, 2 LENIN ON CO-OPERATIVES A newly issued pamphlet in which our great leader explains the role of the co- operatives in the revolu- tionary labor movement, 5 CENTS. LENIN ALBUM Text in German, French and English, With 31 photographs of Lenin at all periods of life. Ideal to include in every worker’s library with the writings of our great rev- olutionary teacher, 25 CENTS. — THE DAILY WORKER PUB, CO, 1113 W. Washington Blvd. Chicago, Il, PLEBISCITE $0 NEAR, YET SO FAR ON TACNA-ARIGH Imperialist Tools Delay Action ARICA, Chile, March 25.—8o neat and yet so far, is the date of ty widely-noised Tacna-Arica plebisalt which American imperialism is pee tending to conduct. Gen, Lassiter, thi United States “impartial” chairmar jot the plebiscitary commission, indi jcated last night that there might be further delays. He informed the Chilean delegate, Senor Claro, that today he will convey to him Washing- ton’s decision regarding the latest im- | passe. Registration of voters was supposed. fo have taken place several weeks ago. There have been so many post ponements that even the most blatant apologies for American imperialism are now forced to admit that Wall Street is deliberately extending the period of its rule here by utilizing one pretext after another, Such an even- tuality was warned against by the Afl- America Anti-Imperialist League es early as five months ago, in ite first manifesto to the Chilean and Peruvian people, There is a strong feeling here that the plebiscite is doomed, that it was sabotaged from the first, that the United States government never had any intention of going thru with ft, In support of this charge is cited the appointment of army officers (Persh- ing and Lassiter) to represent Prest dent Coolidge on the plebiscitary com- mission, the complete extension of United States authority over the dis- puted provinces, and the continual Postponement of concrete arrange- ments for the plebiscite. If you want to see the Com- munist movement grow—get a sub ‘MYSL’ BY ANDREYEV TO BE STAGED SATURDAY AT THE WORKERS’ HOUSE The famous Russian play “Myel” . (The Thought) by Leonid Andreyev, in 5 acts, will be presented Satur day night, March 27, at the Work ere’ House, 1902 W. Division St. The play presents a struggle be tween the thought, feelings and pae sion. it is staged under the direction and with the participation of the well known actor L. Luganov, Beginning at 7:30 p, m. Admie sion 60 cents, Speech of Shapurji Saklatvala in the House of Commons. A bitter indictment of Brit- ish ag snags domination, given by Secretary Kell as a reason for barsiagg ak author from the United States, Add this splendid pamphlet to your library or give it to your fellow worker in the shop and trade union. 10 Cents In lots of 100 or more—6 Cente, THE DAILY WORKER PUB, CC 1113 W. WASHINGTON BLDV.,, CHICAGO, ILL, Telephone Lehigh 6022 DR. ABRAHAM MARKOFF Surgeon Dentist 240 East 115th St., Cor. Second Ave, NEW YORK CITY bit 9 to 12 A. M.; q Bally, xcept day Sanday‘. BE to W. P, Members OS ANGELE DAILY WORKER COSTUME DANCE With Prizes for Costumes Saturday Night, APRIL 3 ADMISSION Co-operative Center, 2706 Brooklyn Ave. 50 CENTS Good Fun