The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 19, 1926, Page 6

é Page Six THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 2118 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, It. Phone Monroe 4713 « SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mali (in Chicago only): By mail (outside ef Chicage): 96.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per year $3.60 six months $2.50 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1118 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, IIlinele ee TD J. LOUIS ENGDAHL (International Press Correspondence) OSCOW, U. S. S. R., Feb, 22.—(By Mail)—The fourth session of the Enlarged Executive of the Commun- ist International was opened today at 6 o’clock in the evening. Comrade Brown (England): “I am in agreement with the theses in gen- 2 WILLIAM F. DUNNE eral, It would only be necessary to be MORITS 9, MODE -nmoceremrerersor a little more precise here and there, tered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the postofiice at Chi} The theses paint the situation of Eng- ee |. cago, lil, under the act of March 3, 1879, lish capitalism in rather too dark col- atos on application. | rs whereas its power of resistance ‘ ae — is still very great. English capitalism % Py e e e has been successful in consolidating The Sharpening Situation in China its position in the colonies temporar- ily. The profits of joint stock com- The tenseness of the situation in China becomes more sharp] Panies have ree in yee te every day with the continued efforts of the foreign imperialists to shorcet a) ihbeloy Mette nae : erush the rising national revolutionary movement and to establish proved ‘by the fact thet if 4s no longer. ir domination completely over the country. The latest incident,|in 4 situation to continue its policy their di I y ntry e which has caused a flurry in the diplomatic circles and in the press,| of concessions to the aristocracy of is the exchange of shots between the Japanese destroyer and the} !abor in the motherland. Hnglish cap- okt % italism is preparing for bloody strug- Chinese troops at the fort of Taku. gles, this fa; geowed. by. dhe eupport Leaving aside for the moment the question of the constant pres-| given to the organization for the main- ence of foreign troops and warships on Chinese waters and land,| tenance of supplies (0, M. S.) and to with their implication of superiority, and domineering scorn:for the Oka egret pele byl: hens sovereignty of the country, it is well to consider that out of such|° mie Routkehiata Mi Sealy ahaing apparently insignificant occurrences do great wars grow. A formal| i the mask of democracy. ‘The pro- excuse for the last world war was the assassination at Sarajevo. | posal of the Independent Labor Party The excuse for a war in the Pacific or in Asia may be just such an}for an amalgamation of the Second nae i wee a . and the Third Internationals is nat- sca ogoieicaim aes * A involved urally out of the question, but we No one should be deceived as to the basic factors involved.| - ist hevertheless cities ike: “hiduw: The bitter rivalry of the three great imperialist powers—England,|tion. 4 revolutionizing of the masses America and Japan—on the one side, and the growing revolutionary |is taking place’ also inside the Inde- Chinese movement on the other, are driving headlong towards a)pendent Labor Party. The proposals military conflict. All the countries involved are anxious to avoid Hoary are poe a taking the initiative step and each seeks merely a “proper” excuse. reine saiiiicancatbes ane Great Britain, in constant fear of the situation that would be created} For this reason the socialist lead- in its present imperial condition should it open up a war with China, |ers want to gain time by their own is extremely hesitant. The United States, which still follows its| united front proposal in order after- carefully considered policy of hypocritical demands for the open her sie botehing ee hag door, and gestures of friendship for the Chinese people as its mask | capital oA pam pelea bd for growing encroachments on the economic and political life of the|must be connected with the struggle country, stands to lose appreciably should it be placed in a position | against the Locarno treaty and the which might openly be interpreted as that of the aggressor. Dawes plan.” It lies, therefore, with Japan, which can hardly earn more](‘OMRADE ENGEL (Berlin) declar- hatred from the Chinese people than it already has, to take the first TASER eG Ue Be ae step, and all indications point to that as the likely development. ding eppodttion Cwediiihae a . Biden The stupid military clique which rules Japan is in politically lineal descent from the group which took as its spoils in the Russo- Japanese war of 1904-5 the juicy morsels of Korea, Southern Man- ehuria, Port Arthur, and the Peninsula of Liao-tung. Japan also has to its brazen record the feat of presenting the amazing series of demands to China in 1915 known as the twenty-one points. And .. Business Manager tarian “borough in Berlin), sue, into the party apparatus. In the public schools of capitalist “ nappa America study of child psychology is Japan still smarts under the defeat dealt it at the Washington | non-existent from start to finish, and conference of ’22. The huge iron ore reserves of China, in Manchuria | the attitude of our pedagogues is that ‘ and the Yangtze valley are but one of the many sources of tempta-|‘he child exists for the school—not pe : ey ft vf . ¢|that the schools for the child. The t tion to a country like Japan, whose “dependence on the imports of 3 iron is the Achilles heel of her military power,” and Japan is easily tempted. two or three hours, school has rules and systems and the children must conform no matter how disastrous the results may be to the It is now twenty-seven years after the Boxer War. America is| child. quite a different country from what it was then. Its interests are deeply rooted in China, just as are Japan’s. The American destroyer ering of the teacher, ™ Use Corporal Punishment. The attitude of some of the teach- — +, | ters much for the children. In their 3 Washington that a destroyer division had been ordered from Manila | conduct they appear to show as much to China in addition to the division already stationed there—these|impatience and bad temper as can are menaces which American imperialism presents to its Japanese|e crowded into the school term. Some of these teachers even resort to physical violence, shaking, whip- ping, and slapping viciously. ‘o Py Children are expected in such an An Example of World Labor Solidarity atmosphere to learn something of dis- cipline and self-control. They learn The news that the Swedish government has been obliged to take] early to expect impatience and pun- cognizance of the proposed legislation against foreign-born workers| ishment from their teachers and prin- prototype—and to the Chinese workers and peasants. blame. cipals and would be surprised to find i : ; 8 icasiariateiae” ot y mean anything to the child is of minor in Amer thru the prétest of the Scandinay ian workers’ organiza anything else. The Brooklyn children |consideration, The childish mind is tions in this country and the forthcomiiig parliamentary interpella-| who screamed with delight when they|looked upon as an empty crock into tions which the Communist fraction in the Swedish Riksdag has] witnessed the burning of their school | which is poured so much every school announced will take place, is an example of the power of world|#@ve a fair idea of the general love of children for the public school, repres- : xi 2 enting as it does to them only f It shows the importance of world unity of the working class,| 14 ati rules sat pottitin Had irrespective of individual or group political opinions, so that the| ‘I have visited dozens of classes in ay be able to act as one powerful unit in the/different grades and different schools It also shows that the advanced |#"4 1 have spoken to as many teach- rs in the last few years. I have found labor solidarity . of children caught fight against the capitalist class. elements ‘of the working class in other countries realize that the] inat the children are considered and lowering of the standard of living of the workers in one country, | treated more or less like culprits. with and in this specific instance of the American working elass—which | the child as the accused and the teach- will be precipitated by the passage of the anti-foreign-born workers|¢? or principal as judge. A whipped the conditions of life and labor of the workers in other countries. eek dis ses tiger ki ate The American workers must not waitfor their European broth-| ignation toward something that they ers to take the initiative in raising a protest against the cunning |hate but which they cannot under- Aswell and McClintic bills for the registration, photographing, | Stand. finger-printing and possible deportation of workers here. Such cases The three glaring faults of the Those children accus and punishment at home, the agitation on a big scale against the Mooney frame-up. This|the hostile attitude of many teachers time, the fight against these bills, the two chief ones of which were|to the children, which I have de- presented by two southern Bourbons whose political boundary is|S°Tbed, second, the constant re- popular ignorance and lynch law, must be carried on with intensi- tana i rdeanen tga sein tat fied vigor and on a mass scale in the United States. ods of ‘teaching with the utter lack of The “native American” worker must lock arms with the foreign-|understanding of child-psychology. born worker in this fight. They are already assured the support of; Tis is not a treatise on the child their brothers on the other side of the ocean. oe 18 impossible: hereto wo, fio study of child training. not because of it. ey higher up—business_, are shrewd enough to ss " ss i here is merely to call attention to the Every once in a while Tue Dairy Worker receives a letter, con-|tact that our school system and the eal tribution, or publication of one of the innumerable nuts that infest} relations of teachers and pupils are the land of the free. Often, they expect comment. Well, here goes|®°thing less than vicious. with one of them: “In Nizhni-Novgorod,” writes one Chicago half- Speed-Up Bystems’In Schools. wit in his sheet, “after you select your bride you must pay her of butter, four pounds of Chinese tea, 35 pounds of honey and two pairs of shoes. You must also provide your bride with ete., ete., ete.” We shall not bore our readers with any more. To the writer of those profoundly accurate lines we can merely say: “They examine them free on Sundays.” (Special to The Daily Worker)” « national holiday, the Fox News Weekly, an American film con-|¥¢4?, shopmen of the road are meeting |mittee and an w cern, shows its tender solicitude for the despot’s family by display- ba pan ig porate gc Odie aie coat. Waa who f thruout the country @ specially excavated film of the last doings work eyitem and oluimethat, thi 2 the corrupt and pervert court of Nicholas Il, Each to his own! |are much underpaid and that gi discharge upon discovery. THE DAILY WORKER This op-( workers who were expelled in his position is sorry that the questions of the Russian Party are not dealt with. The Communist International of the Soviet Union is decisive for the pol-|course contains dangers which must icy of the Comintern, and for this reason the industrial workers have sf Ihosag next speaker was Comrade Var- great interest in the questions at is- ga. The party organization in Wedding stands upon the basis of the Lenin-| four large parts of the world: grad workers. The basic tendencies of the open letter are correct, never-|a rising development outside of capi- theless the letter attacked workers who represented a particular policy. This incorrect policy could have been fought otherwise than thru the open}but upon a letter. The speaker drew a line of de-| whole situation in the world shows a mareation between himself and Ruth certain polarization around these two Fischer who he said*had made pos-} points. sible the entrance of right elements|lecting around the Soviet Union and Katz com-|all mitted a stupidity, mevertheless, the| around the American bourgeoisie, | Oar Public Schools -:- By Sadie v. Amter Ost of the time without the slightest ‘interest in the proceedings and forced’ into silent sub- mission on pain of punishment while every muscle feels a%tortured desire to move, Enter almosfany class room of the primary gradés*and listen to the harsh scolding and‘ constant bick- Notice the method ‘bf teaching his- tory, grammar, geography or drawing. These studies which could be made outside the bar at Taku, and the announcement this morning from|°"S: 20°8 Bot, tend to improve mat- scuse wetiek tame otk even to the restless ehild of nine or ten years, are made as-boring as pos- sible, In this the teachers are not to Textbooks are handed to them and they must obey regulations just as the child, and teach the rules word for word in a given length of time, so that the expiration of the school term may not find them behind in a given amount of work. Whether not the rules, statements and words term. And this is called education. What happens to the various kinds in thf deadly routine, and only little better than the factory or the streets, is plainly dis- cernible to the close: observer. The nervous and temperamental child be- comes more nervous:and often quite rritable, The weak eltild grows weak- r and develops an “inferiority com- lex, The sturdy ehild simply be- somes indifferent to.the system and legislation now pending—must inevitably have its effect in lowering | 28, Will look guilty no matter how} je intelligent child gets what he can nd goes on, The séiisitive child suf- ters consciously and» subconsciously. med to abuse take the school as a matter of’ Gourse—as just iota Cthle. woheth earractaliy. 06 the eer, ot, oe tortured’ accompanying @ oceurred i im ayy a ij " A ally to childhood. dean phat turn out have occurred in the past, as when the Russian workers first raised | primary grades) are as follows: first waiee to ie eneumabe school and Teachers must not lose sight of the fact that the school authorities take their orders from the’ politicians with the realization that their,jobs depend upon jt, and the politicians in their turn take their orderg.from those stil) agnates who now that the My purpose |training of a man begins with the Boss Rule Starts in School. What kind of men are wanted by big industry? They want submissive and docile workmen. They want men Take a little summary of the sys-|and women who will obey orders with - : tem. Forty or fifty children are asked |out questioning; they want men and parents $100 in cash, accompanied by 100 pounds of sugar, 35 pounds| to sit straight and pay attention for | women in whom the rebellion has been Railroad Shopmen Protest Bad Conditions workmen who have served the com- P SILLERICA, Mass., March 17 — As |pany three years or more are being r the Boston & Maine railroad makes {discharged on the assertion that they While the workers of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics] its 98rd annual report, showing a net }cannot keep up the fast pace set for celebrate the ninth anniversary of the overthrow of the czar with] income of over five millions last|work. The worke fevance com- nares were fired |. labor de- ttend the protest meetings aresghreatened with Delegates Discuss the Report by Zinoviev - Right and Left The contributions made to the discussion on the report to the enlarged session of the ewecutive of the Comintern made by Comrade Zinoviev, shows the diversified problems with which the parties of the International are confronted and how they are proceeding to golve them. clearly thru the entire discussion is the bankruptcy of two out- standing opponents of the line of the Comintern: the leftists of Germany, and the right wing of France and its newly- found supporter, the leftist of yesterday, Bordiga, The hammer blows delivered against the German ultra-left (from Fischer and Maslow to Rosenberg, Scholem, Horsch and Katz) has resulted in the exclusion of the anti-party elements like Katz, the retreat of Fischer, the exposure of Maslow, and the separa- tion from the intellectuals like Rosenberg, Scholem, et al, of healthy revolutionary elements which are to a certain ewtent reflected by the Wedding oposition. The social-democratic right wing of France—which Bordiga calls a healthy element —has already exposed itself openly, in the international forum, as an enemy of the Bolshevik method of organization and the Leninist struggle against imperialist war, and for the alliance with thé oppressed colonial peoples. \ The British brother party, with its correct application of the policies of the Comintern, has shown itself to have made the greatest steps forward in the increase of its influence and power among the proletariat of England. “Thirdly, there is Asia and the northern Africa colonial district with great revolutionary activity which can if the proletariat is able to seize power, lead to the formation of states similar to the soviets, “Fourth, there is Europe, where the eclipse of capitalism has proceeded the farthest. “The year 1925 has brot a certain progress in the stabilization of cap- italism, however the time is too short to tell whether this process of stabil- ization will proceed or whether it is but a short interlude before the final collapse of the bourgeoisie. The stabilization is based upon a worsen- ing of the situation of the working class in the whole of Hurope. This is very important, because it is not the absdlute situation of the cost of liv- ing, which counts.in the process of Tevdlutionization, but the dynamics of its movement, The reasOng why cap- italfem is unable to bring about any betterment in the situation of the working class are: the loss of the indystrial privileged position of Bu- Tope, the reduction of the surplus- profit produced by the colonies and the impossibility of securing itself in the ‘competition with America in the non-European market. America has taken over from England the task of breeding an aristocracy of labor.” |APITALISM uses three shields to (lefend itself against the attacks company must be taken back into the}! the proletariat: (1) the state ap; party. The opposition stands with the | P@rétus; (2) the petty bourgeoisie and Comintern, nevertheless the new|the/ peasantry; -(8) the social democ- The latter may be termed the outposts of the bourgeoisie pushed forward into the ranks of the working class. For this reason we must above all fight against the social democracy. On the whole the social democracy still represents a great power and has @ great influence upon the working class. It is extraordinarily elastic in its defense of the bourgeoisie and in adapting itself to a given situation in a given country, nevertheless our struggle against it will be made lighter by the objective tendencies of capi- talism development and in conse- quence of the incapacity of the latter to give the working class any higher standard than that which it has at the forces | moment. In the countries where the Commun- ist Parties have no possibilities of legal work it is the chief task of the Comintern to fight for these possibili- ties and to approach the question of work amongst the masses. The speaker declared that Scholem had misinterpreted his opinions. upon the perspective which he required in connection with the rejection of the social-demiocratic perspective. (Ap plause.) . OMRADE SEEGERS (Holland): The Dutch Party is in agreement with the analysis and the conclusions of Zinoviev. Its only criticism is that the executive did not struggle against sabotage right energetically enough. Wynkoop and Ravenstein sa- botage all the work of the party and are building factions. The executive must struggle against them energeti- cally. The chief task of the Dutch Party is the formation of a left-wing in the reformist mass unions and criti- cism of the revolutionary trade unfon executive committee. The chief con- dition for this work is, however, the end of the sabotage of the right group. , The speaker was in agreement with Semsoen that the former party com- mittee had a bad effect upon the move- ment in the Dutch Hast Indies. The present central committee had, never- theless, altered this tactic; it wanted to establish an earnest co-operative work with the Communist Party of the Dutch East Indies and it will fight against all imperialist tendencies, In the recent months a great campaign has been conducted in favor of the struggle of the working class in the Dutch Hast Indies. Seegers demanded a sharp protest against the attitude of Wyncook, who did not come when he was called, and instead published in- terviews in the social- democratic press, and also against Ravenstein, who has attacked the Comintern in the bourgeois press. Left dangers are also present in the Dutch Party, par- ticularly in connection with the trade union problem. In the future these dangers will be fought. One point which runs rade Semard proposed that a tele- gram of greetings be sent to the Red army on the occasion of the eighth anniversary of its foundation. This proposal was accepted with enthu- siasm, Comrade Engler, the representative of the French rights, pointed out that Zinoviev had admitted that the slogan of the fraternization with the Rifi was an incorrect one. The rights had said this over a year ago and put up then the slogan of immediate peace. Only later did the central committee of the party realize its mistake. The rights had only struggled against the 24- hour general strike inside the party because it had not been properly pre- pared. If the strike had been properly prepared we could have won the masses of the socialist party for the strike, even if we had not succeeded in winning the leaders. We of the right saw in advance the unfortunate results of the general strike, The employers flung our best comrades on to the streetr We of the right have, nevertheless, carried thru the strike as disciplined members of the Com- munist Party. It is not correct to say that the rights have formed a frac- tion, for amongst them there exist the greatest differences of opiniof. The rights recognize the necessity of the sHop nuclei. The shop nuclei must, however, not become decisive organs in the party because there is no po- litical life in them. We have always been moderate in our criticism and always inside the party. We must re- tain territorial organizations also, build nuclei groups and make the nuclei lively. The open letter of the enlarged executive of the Communist International to the German Suzanne Girault, that is to say Ruth Fischer, was correct. Just such a letter must be sent to the French Ruth Fischer, that is to say to Suzanne Girault. We demand that the central committee give up its struggle against us, that it adopts a policy. of recopciliation, that the policy of expulsion be re- versed. The person of Souvarine means nothing to me, but he must be taken up again in the party because he has requested it. Put your conditions for the acceptance of Souvarine, if you want to, but accept his re-entrance into the party. be fought. “The world situation was never so complicated as it is today, On the whole we can be said to have “First of all the Soviet Union with talist society. “Second, the American continent which also has a rising development capitalist basis; the All revolutionary forces col: counter-revolutionary crushed out in childhood, and they start demanding that kind of obe- dience found. in the public schools, They want workers who will not easily awaken to ideas and who are unable to analyze a situation because they have never been taught to think or analyze. The millions of school children in this country will become the future millions in mines and mills and facto: ries. Long hours of work will be de: manded of them. The working condi- tions will depend, then.as now, on how much organization they have back of them. If there are Strikes, strikebreakers and scabs will be in demand and all this comes better from workers who have had their spirits crushed early in life. Hence the pub- lie school system, The teachers should realize that they are suffering from the same in justice directed against the working class child by the capitalist controlled school system and line up with the children for the betterment of condi- tions in the schools for both. Then something could be wrested for them and~for the children from the boss controlled school system. Under Communism schools will be Places where children can expand and develop to the fullest degree; schools will make a joy of childhood instead of a torment; society. will look upon children not as future material for profits, but as children entitled to all there is of life, including food, play, study and work. Children will fall asleep at night without a tear upon| «- the lid and will awake day by day to}. a life full and overflowing with work, | « play, and comradeship, . . Marianna Miners Protest Against | . . } Anti-Alien Bills —— 4 MARIANA, Pa., March 17—At the last meeting of Local No. 2874, United! Mine Workers of America, after - long discussion a resolution wa: adopted protesting against the ant foreign-born bills now pending befor, congress. The resolution calls the 2. tention of all workers that the bill! are directed not only against the for eign-born residing in this country bu against the entire working class, The resolution calls upon all for eign-born workers to join trade unions, and calls for united actior against the bills on the part of the workers regardless of race, national- ity, or political opinion, Marianna is a mining town now car rying on a bitter struggle against the Bethlehem Steel Corporation which is making an effort to operate its mines under the 1917 scale by importi scabs, gid Hancock Farmers Call for Alliance Civilizing “Savage” Liberia SHALL CIVILIZE You AND Lay ITS PROTECTING WINGS LOVINGLY OVER YOU ,GUARDING YOU FROM AlL HARM / CAN We Nor Be FRIENOS,MY POOR BENIGHTED BROTHERS %. ~ Hundreds of sky. . . ging the praises of the Firestone rubber in- terests, are telling of the protection that the rubber magnate will give the Liberians and of the great “civilization” that will come to “savage” Liberia with the development of the vast sin ing Firestone not only i tries to dope the Liberian inhabitants into believing the myths of the clergy to Fight Fascism| and his paid publicity. agents, but is also seeing to it that “proper arrange- haan ments” are made to: protect the vast holdngs with “doughboys.” Civilizir Pera NCOCK: Miah Mersh 17 — The | “savage” Liberia or any other colonial land means little to the \enaniailalt at. thoteh amine een ab What they are after is the vast profits to be derived from the brutal ex- ering Bin embership | loitation of the v: t amount of cheap labor and natural resources, The ¥ st against the ‘the president's cabinet have turned down the Fire: and called f at discussion is now going on in the 4 0 the granting of this , N the name of the presidium Com- . —