The Daily Worker Newspaper, March 16, 1926, Page 1

} ‘ mede-to the minister of justice, The DAILY WORKER Raises the Standard tor a Workers’ and Farmers’ Government Vol. Ill. No. 54. NEXICAN SHOWS U.S. REPUDIATED CLAINS VERDICT Americans Fail in Fine Spun Distinction (Special to The Daily Worker) MEXICO CITY, March 14—Aquiles Elorduy, Mexican member of the spe- clal claims commission, has issued a statement to the press declaring that this country has won the first test case before that body. He refers to the rejection of the American claim for compensation in the slaying of 16 Americans at Santa Ysabel by Villa during the Carranza regime, Senor Octavio, the Brazilian who had been selected by mutual agreement between Mexico and the United States as the impartial chair- man, formally renderea the decision against the United States whereupon Judge Perry, the American represent- ative, quit in a rage. Elorduy’s statement clears up many points in the controversy which fol- lowed the announcement of the break- up of the committee, Elorduy explains that when Octavio had finished the hearing he drew up a. questionnaire containing the fundamental questions to be settled. Each commissioner re- ceived a copy. Perry had his objec- tion recorded to this procedure, sta- ting that Mexico was responsible for the damages regardless of the findings of fact. Blorduy’s view, that under the circumstances Mexico was absolved of responsibility, was approved by the chairman, What Is a Bandit? Clause 5 of article 111 of the special claims agreement, Elorduy pointed out, provides that there shall be no compensation where deaths or dama- ges |. «oo “by -bandits:”»~ He states that Villa, at whose order the Americans were killed, was a bandit. He points to the telegrams sent at various times by Robert Lansing, the American secretary of state, designat- ing Villa officially as such, He cites also the United States senate resolu- tion concerning the purposes of the Pershing expedition into Mexico wherein Villa was specifically termed a bandit and his force as banditry. The American colony here is trying | to draw a fine distinction between a | “bandit,” the term used in the claims protocol, and “bandit outside the law,” the designation given Villa by Octavio. The distinction is so fine drawn that it has little force. United States to Blame. Meanwhile the commission is prac- tically disbanded, with the whole blame lying, in the minds of all im- partial observers here, with the ultra- imperialistic attitude of the United States state department representing the powerful American oil, mining, and banking interests desiring inter- vention, Masaryak a “Doddering Grandpa. BERLIN, March 14.—Rey. \Hlinka, leader of the Czecho-Slovak Hlinka clerical party, has~been sent to jail for eight days for calling President Masaryk “doddering grandpa” in an article attacking his political oppon- ent 1 FASCISTI TIGHTEN ‘Editors and Managers Must Be Approved by the State ROME, Itély, March 14.— New regulations for newspapers and any ether ‘kind of periodicals have just been made public here, as promulgat- ed by the fascist government, The re- gulations are a further attempt to gag even the mildest opposition newspa- pers and journals and to thereby ac- complish the aim of the fascisti, as expressed by M. Farinacci, the party secretary, who declared that the elec- tions to parliament which will take place in 1929 will result in an all- fascist chamber of deputies, » Application must now be made to the procurator general of the appeal court by anyone who wishes to be- come the manager or the responsible , editor of any periodical, in which full details must.be given as to the place , of publication, details of his career, the status of the paper's finances, the ‘ purpose of the periodical, a8 well as * the composition of the staff—trom the ‘ yininters to the editors, Appeals’ ) against refusal for a permit ae x y, Subscripy. aa pik y j Cavieto, P. I, yesterday, + a, 9 Sas & 7 ey Pp oreR NEw 80 y 50, ag ¥ HAVE HO MONEY, FIGHT OVER FOOD, TWO SHOT, ONE BELIEVED DYING DENVER, Colo, March 14.—Two men were shot, one believed to be dying and another is suffering from severe scalp wounds the re- sult of being hit with a heavy bowl in a restaurant quarrel early today. Michael Volgrin, proprietor of the restaurant, said three men entered his restaurant and ordered a meal. After finishing they declared they had no money. A quarrel followed, one of the men hurled a bowl at the proprietor, whereupon he drew a re- volver and commenced firing. WILL DESTROY CHINESE FORTS, IS NEW THREAT Powers Ready to Open War on China (Special to The Daily Worker) PEKING, March 14 — The powers have handed a second note to China giving the nationalist forces until high tide tomorrow to remove the mines and other obstructions which have been placed in the Taku channel. The note threatens that unless this is done the Taku forts will be destroyed. The foreign ministers here, with the exception of the Soviet Union's re- presentative, are meeting in joint con- ference daily, Regardless of their bit- ter differences on other points they are agreed that the rising tide of na- tionalism must be checked, if war evensis.theresults The foreign office has. away will again be’ fired lowing. this shar representatives - * . ° Foreign Warships Intervene. TIENTSIN, March 14 — A form- idable fleet of foreign warships are now gathered in the~harbor, It in- cludes American, British, French, Ital- ian, and Japanese. Commanders of the ships stationed here met last night aboard the Foxglove. As a result of the conference they have dispatched a formal warning to Chang Tso Lin’s generals and to the nationalist defend- ers ordering them to cease all military interference with the port by Tuesday. It is stated by the allied command- ers that further large reinforcements are expected soon, The United States gunboat Sacramento is on its way here to relieve the Asheville, woe Replace Destroyers, SHANGHAI, March 14 — Destroyer Division 39.is expected here shortly to relieve the American destroyers which have been stationed here. The squa- dron comprises six vessels and left mn, It was fol- fe that the foreign led. together. “The trade unions: remain and will remain for a long time a preparatory school for the training of the prole- tariat.”—Lenin. PRESS MUZZLE 3, of course, a bird of the same stripe the procurator general. Permits must also be approved by the local prefect, who is empowered to revoke permits of editors and man- agers after conference with the pro- curator, Deposits in cash must be made with the local tribunal equal to the value of the printing plant, which is Mable to expropriation should the editor be prosecuted for violation of the press laws, The fascist government is pretty hard up when it_must resort to such outrageously naked dictatorial meth- ods to maintain its rule. 'So J) mai, $8.00 per year. "inti Taku offannel or they, » by mail, $6.00 per year. ULNLA. MEET TO FACE CRISIS IN ORGANIZATION Rank and File Demands Militant Program (Special to The Daily Worker) DETROIT, March 14 — The opening of the Universal Negro Improvement Association convention here tonight is to be followed by very heated busi- ness sessions at which some issues will be brought out which will involve the life of the very organization. This convention was called against the wishes of William Sherrill, presi- dent-general of the association. Sher- rill is now the head of the national body in the place of Marcus Garvey, who is imprisoned by the United States government at Atlanta, Ga., with the intent to thus destroy the Negro organization, Many attempts were made by government officials to break up this Negro organization thru wholesale arrests and the use of ter- rorism. Scramble for Leadership. Recently President Coolidge refused to commute Garvey’s sentence. It is understood that the United States gov- ernment will insist in déporting him at the end of his prison term, This expectation has resulted in a general belief that Garvey’s post as the head of the organization is now permanent- cerned. There appears now to be & scramble for the leadership of the or- ganization. However, there has long. been a deep-going crisis in the Universal Negro’ Improvement Association as the result of the policies of Garvey which give every appearance of an ex- kuvklux klan on the part of Garvey. Recently several incidents occurred in which the membership of the or- ganization in a number of localities refused to permit reactionary white speakers, supposed ku klux klan friends of Marcus Garvey, to speak before the organization. There is a considerable rank and file revolt against Garvey’s insistence that Amer- ica is a “white man’s country” and that the Negro shall not fight for his rights in America, Utopian Solution. Garvey’s present program has little more to it than the utopian idea of solving the problems of the vast masses of Negroes in America by the colonization of Africa. On that theory that the Negro need not try to win his rights in America, Garvey concedes that the Negro must take a position of inferiority in the United States (‘the white man’s country”) until he can win a “home of his own in Africa.” The revolt against the servile activity of the leadership in surrendering to the ku klux klan and the voluntary giving up of the fight for the Negro’s rights of citizenship has been simmer- ing for the past year and a half. How much of this will come out at the con- vention in Detroit is not known as yet. Everyone seems to think that it is purely a question of a fight of individuals for leadership. The state- ment is made as a matter of course that nothing will be done on the issues that face the Negro, Workers Seek Militant Program However, the local divisions of the organization thruout the country are feeling the effects of the opportunistic utopian policies of the leadership and a great deal of dissatisfaction needs to be ironed out at the convention, As between the leadérs—Garvey and Sherrill—there does not seem to be much difference as to policy. During all of his period of prominence in the organization, Sherrill did not oppose any of Garvey’s policies such as the surrender to the ku klux klan and the general propaganda against social equality. Your neighbor will appreciate the favor—give him ihis copy of the DAILY WORKER. MILITARY OCCUPATION OF HAITI INCREASES PROSTITUTION ON ISLAND, SAYS INDICTMENT NEW YORK—Indictment of the United States occupation of Haiti is contained in a memorandum by Perceval Thoby, former Haitian charge daffairs in Washington. Thoby expects to present his country’s case to tors King and Borah in Washington. - Chief clauses in Thoby’s indictment of American maladministration are: 1, Popular elections have been deferred in violation of the Haitian con- » president of Haiti has been designated. by an unlawfully ned on page 8). iy sida stitution, « Bs DAE ly vacated ‘as far as Garvey is con-| of rapprochement with the’ et gy my $ No Wheel Can Turn When Labor Wishes. BREAKDOWN OF LEAGUE LOOMS BiG AT GENEVA Propose That Assembly Shall Decide (Special to The Daily Worker) GENEVA, March 14—From bad to worse seems to be the consensus of opinion as to the progress being madé by the league of nations conference. The prolonged sessions and the evi- dent deadlock among the leaders is'| giving rise to @ conviction that the conflicts of vital interest among the nations represented are insurmount- able. Meanwhile the air is filled with whispers and rumors of new combina- tions to result frém the failure of the gathering. Whatever agreement may be reached—ands none appears prob- able today—the league of nations has suffered a terrible loss of prestige and its influence among the masses of Eu- rope has been greatly shattered by the relations of its impotency to reconcil« the conflicts between its own mem bers and by the sudden drawing aside of the veil of secrecy over the vast network of intrigue involving all the foreign offices. It seemed from all available infor- mation that the entire matter of Ger- many’s admission would be thrown into the assembly of the league which has been called for Tuesday, This will bring on a free-for-all fight in the course of which the alignment of the various small nations with the lead- ing groups,—Great Britain, France and Italy,—is sure to be disclosed. Decision Now on Breakup. If this decision to convoke the as- sembly is not carried out and no de- cision is reached in a day or two the MANY DIE NEEDLESSLY INN. Y. TENEMENTS _ SAYS CITY HEALTH HEAD (Special to The Daily Worker) ALBANY, N. Y. March ™14.— Health Commissioner Harris of New York City declared that “thousands of children and adults are needlessly dying in New York as a result of existing housing conditions” before the state senate judiciary commit- tee here that is holding hearings on the Downing-Block bill providing for the creation of a state housing bank to work in co-operation with limited dividend corporations for the rem- edying of the housing situation in New York City. “If you can reduce #he number of human beings that must occupy one sleeping room aff come in constant contact with each other,” he con- tinued, “you will come near doing away with the necessity of special is great factor in breeding dis- health measures. Room congestion e “Our infant mortality is an index of the reaction from poor housing conditions, It fluctuates from thirty to between 150 and 200 per 1,000 infants born, in different sections of the city, and Invariably you will ‘find that the high mortality figures congestion and where housing con- congestion and where housingg con- ditions are poor. The figures for such districts as the gas house dis- ind San Juan Hill are stagger- PUBLISHING CO., 113 ILE STRIKE Published Dally except Sunday by THE DAILY WORKZR \Wasnington Blvd., Chicago, I. Ww By William Gropper. TEXTILE BOSSES REFUSE 10 MEET WITH STRIKERS ‘\Passaic Manufacturers { Turn Down Mediators By J. 0. BENTALL (Special to The Daily Worker) PASSAIC, N. J., March 14—Thir- teen clergymen met with Organizer Weisbord and the United Front Com- mittee of Textile Workers at the head- quarters, 743 Main avenue and a com- mittee of three was elected to secure a conference between the employers and the strikers, Make Second Attempt. This is the second attempt that has been made by outside forces which the bosses have refused. The com- mittee of Rabbi Wise and prominent businessmen of New York was scoffed at by the bosses. The strikers. have very little hope of securing any ma- terial aid thru these committees, but are always ready to negotiate when- ever any body of men ask for the priv- ilege of serving as mediators. Even Governor Moore has offered to go to the bosses and his offer has been ac- cepted by the strikers, but rejected by the bosses, The strikers feel they have every- thing to gain by giving every possible (Coutinved on page 2) Paterson May Join Passaic Textile Strike (Special to The Daily Worker) NEW YORK EDITION Price 3 Cents STRIKERS SEND COMMITTEE TO SEE COOLIDGE Frank P. Walsh to Aid Passaic Workers By HARRY M. WICKS. (Special to The Daily Worker) PASSAIC, N. J., March 14—“An In« dustry which does not pay a living wage should be declared a public nuisance,” declared Frank P. Walsh ag he announced that a committee would go to Washington Tuesday morning in an effort to secure a congressional in+ investigation of the New Jersey texs tile situation, This move is the political repurcus- sion of the strike in the woolen mille involving 12,000 workers that is now entering its eighth week in Passaic and which has been one of the most bitter struggles in the history of the textile industry. Weisbord on Committee. The committee consists of Albert Weisbord, leader of the strike, seven |delegates from the various mills af- fected, Jeanette Rankin, Miss Justina Wise, daughter of Rabbi Wise and Katherine Wiliy of the Consumers’ League of New York. Walsh will act as counsel for the committee and the first act of the com- mittee will be to visit Coolidge in or- der to place him on record regarding the question of recommending to con- gress the appointment of a committee on industrial relations to start inves- tigations of the whole textile indus- try. In addition to seeking an interview with Coolidge, the committee will call on the senate committees on labor, education and manufacture. A mass of affidavits was presented to Walsh by a committee from the striking mill workers that reveals most appalling conditions. Added to this are figures of the United States labor department proving that more than 90 per cent of the workers in the industry do not earn a living wage. It was this fact that evoked the ob- servation from Walsh that such indus- tries should be declared public nul- sances. If it is found that such an in- dustry is essential it should be taken over by the government and operated 25,000 Paterson silk worker: by the government. Walsh in Previous Probe. Walsh was head of the industrial relations committee which invest) gated the basic industries and expose@ the rotten condiions that prevatled, The commission proposed by the committee is to consist of six men and women, two workers, two bosses end two representing the public, with the chairman to be appointed by thé president, the committee to have power to conduct sweeping investiga- tion, subpoena witnesses, take tegti- mony, etc. Such an expose of the textile industry will pave the way fo® an intensive organization campaigns, MINE FATALITIES INCREASE Thousands Are Killed Annually Thru Lack of Protection WASHINGTON, D. C., March 14-0 Fatal accidents in coal mines hav@ been increasing since 1916, accord! to Ethelbert Stewart, commissioner labor statistics of the United States department of labor. “There has been an increase in deaths per 1,000,000 tons of coal produced from 3.77 in 1916 to 4.17 in 1924, an increase of 10.6 per cent. The increase in deaths per 1,000,000-hours of human exposure was from 1.31 in 1916 to 1.59 in 1924, or an increase of 21.4 per cent.” It maybe noted that accidents in the mining industry have increased ig almost the direct proportion as uniom control in the mines has decreased, in sympathy with F U. S. RULE breakup of the conference is certain. PASSAIC, N. J. March 14.—The likelihood | those who are out here. H id that fifty work The German reichstag meets Monday.|that the textile workers of Paterson, historic | ers of the National Silk Dyeing plant o Paters The French parliament is in session|scene of many desperately fought labor strug- | son had already gone on strike. and French financtal affairs in particu- lar are in such a chaotic condition that Briand will not be able to stay much longer at Geneva.. The English par- Mament is also in‘session, The criti- cisms of Austen Chamberlain and his tactics at the league are very heated «Continued: on page 3) gles, will go out on strike in sympathy with the Passaic textile workers, was foreseen here in the announcement made by Fred Hoelscher, secretary-treasurer of the Associated Silk Work- ers of Paterson. Hoelscher announced that he would recomménd’to the executive board of his union that it urge.a general strike of the This new development is significant, comi as it does on the heels of the silk worke strike in Scranton, Penn., and the small knit goods workers’ strike in Philadelphia. Senti+ ment for.a strike is also gaining ground in Lawrence, Mass., another big textile center which has seen many labor battles, " rm \