The Daily Worker Newspaper, October 21, 1925, Page 6

i A | . any development menacing to the mine owners. Page Six THE DAILY WORKER Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO. 1113 W. Washington Blyd.; Chicago, Il. Phone Monroe 4713 SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mall (in Chicago only): By mail (outside of Chicago): $8.00 per year $4.50 six monthe | $6.00 per year $3.50 six months $2:60 three months $2.00 three months Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1113 W. Washington Bivd,, Chicago, Illinole rt NN J. LOUIS ENGDAHL Witors WILLIAM F. DUNNE MORITZ J. LOEB... Business Manager “q ——_ $$$ Entered as second-class mail September 21, .1923, at the post-office at Chi- cago, Ii, under the act of March 3, 1879. Advertising rates on application. SF Two Supreme Court Decisions Two news dispatches from Washington, D. C., today regarding two decisions of the United States supreme court are illuminating imasmuch as they shed a dazzling light upon the character of that institution as one of the most powerful bulwarks of capitalism. With one hand it throttles the working class by upholding the California criminal syndicalist law and with the other comes to the aid of an Arizona exploiter of women by holding invalid the state minimum <> 200 wage law for women. The court refused to intervene in the case of Charlotte Anita Whitney, convicted under the California criminal syndicalist lat, claiming that it had no jurisdicton, thereby “inferentially” holding it | to be constitutional. v But it could intervene in the case of the Arizona state law and declare it unconstitutional because a woman wage worker demanded of a Nogales merchant that he pay her a minimum wage of) $16 a week, the amount set by an act of the legislature as the very least amount on which a woman can exist. Always defending the interests of the capitalist exploiters and erecting legal fortresses from which they can direct their operations to distill the hlood of women and children into profits and with equal vigor striking down every effort of the working class to struggle against the greed and avarice of their exploiters, this malig- nant institution clearly reveals the true class character of the gov- ernment. When, on rare occasions, the state legislature of a given state, from sentimental or other reasons, so far forget themselves as to pass laws objectionable to the capitalist interests, the United States supreme court can always be depended upon to come to the rescue. Such acts prove the fraudulent nature of our much heralded democracy, and while their immediate effect is to cripple the work- ing class, they serve as a means of convincing ever larger numbers’ of workers that there is only one solution for their ills and that is the class struggle consciously directed to the conquest of the cap- italist state and the establishment of the rule of the working class. * Organize the Auto Industry The series of articles on Henry Ford.starting today in another column of Tur Darry Worker again emphasizes the necessity for organizing this gigantic industry. One of the largest industries in the whole world, it has successfully resisted all efforts. of labor or- ganizations to unionize it. At a time when Wall Street market quotations reveal soaring stocks of the automobile industry, including all its auxiliaries, an- nouncements of wage cuts are also*made. While profits steadily rise, wages are being reduced. Constant reductions is the price paid|clups have combined in the holding} for lack of organization. 8 _———EaE ae ECONOMIC DICTATOR TO MAINTAIN THE, DAILY WORKER POLAND AS BUFFER STATE AGAINST SOVIET RUSSIA IS FRENCH PLAN I WARSAW, Oct. 18.—Poland’s present economic crisis will- bring about the establishment of an economic director to manage the finantial end of the Polish government by the creditor nations, of which France i the largest and most insistent on the economic dictator, in order to save Poland as a buffer state against the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics, * \ Currency Shortage. A serious country-wide shortage of currency exists in Poland. Of that which does exist only 31 per cent is#— _ ~NEW CRISIS FOR POWERS IN CHINA Opposition Unites to TYPOGRAPHICAL WORKERS’ WAGES. CONTINUE TO INCREASE WHILE WORK WEEK BECOMES SHORTER By LELAND OLDS. (Federated Press Industrial Editor) Wages of typesetting machine operators in the printing trades are still distinctly on the upgrade. A report of the U. S. departments of labor on union wages and hours from 1913 to 1925, shows increases during the last year for those employed in newspaper composing rooms in 13 of the 39 cities covered while those in job shops secured increases in 11 cities. For each group there was but one city in which the scale was reduced. backed by gold or foreign currency. The largest banks in Poland are either’ not paying their obligations or are deferring payment to some fu- ture date. The Polish State Bank is meeting but a small part of its obli- gations. Must Have Cash. All. commercial transactions are carried out in cash.” Business con- cerns refuse to accept checks or drafts and will not sell on credit as the banks are not able to meet obli- gations imposed on them. Workers Demonstrate. In Lodz large demonstrations of the workers are taking place against the’ non-payment of wages by the firms and also against attempts to lengthen hours. Many of the firms are unable to pay the wages owed the workers. Some havé moved to Rou- mania and a number of Jewish capi- -talists are thinking of moving to Palestine. { Increase Army. In spite of the money shortage, vast sums are being shipped out of the country in order to buy supplies for the army which is kept in readiness to crush any movement on the part of the working cl of Poland to follow the example of the workers of Russia. MAYOR DEVER TO” BE INFORMED 0 SALARY SCHEDULE Teachers and McAndrew Send Committees A committee was appointed at the last meeting of the Chicago Teach- ers’, Federation to call upon Mayor Dever to protest against the proposed salary schedule sponsored by Super- intendent McAndrews and now before the finance committee of the board of education for final action. This move was decided upon because of information reecived by the teachers that principals who are favored by the McAndrew schedule were being sent to Mayor Dever by McAndrew to enlist hig, support. Civic Clubs Discuss Schedule. A number of civic and welfare of meetings for discussion on the sal- There is nothing in the nature of the industry itself that makes |#*¥ schedule for teachers at which a organization impossible, or even more difficult than other industries. The fault is to be found in the methods hitherto employed to or-| ¢y representative fronr the federation and one for. McAndrew lead off the dis- ssion,, These meetings were held ganize the workers of this industry. The efforts of the craft unions |thruout last week at the Chicago Wo- within the American Federation of Labor proved unavailing because} men’s, Club. A luncheon discussion |MELLON'S EFFORT TO SMASH MINER UNION FAILURE Scabby Cabinet Official Meets Resistance By LELAND OLDS (Federated. Press) The attack on the supremacy of the United Mine Workers in the -central competitive field, led “by Secy. Mel- lon’s Pittsburgh Coal Co., has fallen far short of notable suctess, accord- ing to facts in a spevial article by Coal Age by Sidney A..Hale, Hale was on the engineering staff of the U. S. coal commission. \' His review of westerh’ Pennsylvania and south- ern Ohio goes far to explode the capi- talist press attempt to show a rapid drift of union miners.to the mines which the Pittsburgh company is try- ing to operate on a nonunion 1917- scale basis. Miners Hold the Fort. “Dist. No. 5 of the United Mine Workers—the western Pennsylvania are,” says Hale, “has a membership of approximately 45,000 of whom, ac- cording to union figures, 23,000 are now employed in the mines of the dis- trict. Legs than 400 men have ac- cepted the condiitons of employment at the two Banning operations of the Pittsburgh Coal Co, The Pomeroy Bend group of mines are in District No. 6, This district had a union membership of 48,000 at the peak of power in 1920; the most’¢laimed for the 1917 scale and co-operative op- erations in the Pomeroy Bend area is less than 700, The combined totals in the two fields when cofipared with union membership of oVef 220,000 in the ecntral competitive’ ‘field as a whole, is pitiably insignfficant.” Very Few Desertions. So scarcely more;than 1 per cent of the union: miners-in .the two dis- tricts where Pittsburgh coal is mak- ing its anti-union drive have gone over to the enemy althe the scheme has been éa;-operation since the first of May. Jn fact,Hale’s figures show, that after the first. few. desertions fol- lowing the openshep;.move the com- pany has made no gains. The Dark Hollow mine which op- ened about May 1 had a Working force of 156 men by the middle of July. The average for the first*week of Sep- tember was still 156. “Similarly the Forest Run mine which opened the of the jurisdictional tangles ensuing. Each international union en-| 1! be: held next Thursday at 12:15 }1ast week of May had ‘ai average of deavoring to gain a foothold in the industry tried to get as much control as possible, with the result that efforts in this direction have been paralyzed. The most essential preliminary to tackling the job of organizing at the Chicago Women’s Club at which ]131 men by the end of’ July. From recommendations will be drawn up to!}then on the number slowly dwindled be sent to the members of the finance | with an average of 123 employéd the committee of the school board. this industry is to amalgamate the metal unions and start an or- Electrical Stations ganization drive that will bring under one head all the workers} Around Donetz Basin in the industry. Those who oppose the amalgamation of craft unions. into industrial unions oppose the first big step necessary to organize the’ wage slaves of this country on a large scale, and thereby serve the interests of the exploiters of labor. Coolidge Neutrality on Coal Strike Generate Much Power MOSCOW, Oct. middle of, September. Fake Co-operatives Lose. Hale says the union 5 been com- petely successful in holding its lines against the fake co-operative divers- ion by which Indiana operators tried to get out from under the Jackson- 18—The present} Ville contract, that it has checked a year will see the completion in the|Similar move in Ohio, and that Illi- Donetz Basin of the powerful Scher-|20is is still firmly union. He also off Electrical power station, which will|Shows that right down thru 1923 the Provide about 100,000 kilowatt elec-|Predominantly union But this is not all that|its share of the country’s total out- trical power. President Coolidge announces that he is determined to stick|is done for the electrification of the | put- central field In 1923 it turned out 202,703,- to his policy of non-interference in the antharcite strike. This an-|Donetz Basin. It is also being elec-|900 tons, 35.9 per cent of the total, ‘4 trified now by another method, that | compared with an average of 35.7 per nouncement should not be misinterpreted ‘to mean the government at Washington is a neutral agency that stands above the class no need for governmental iftervention.* The anthracite coal monopoly not only has sufficient local po- lice power to back it in its struggle against the miners, as is ‘evi- denced by the arrests of Pat Tochey, Alex Reid, and others ‘who of an electrical’ ring, cent in ‘the 5 years, 1916-1920, 32.8 o All the existing electrical power| Per cent‘in the 5 years’1911-1915, and struggle. The reason Coolidge does not interfere is because there is | stations in the Donetz Basin are now| 34.1 per cent in the period 1906-1910. being extended and connected with each other, into one ring, by means of electrical transmission lines, Must Pay Union Scale. It isa war of attrition with the ‘When | miners’ worale still good. The op- ythis work has -been completed the|¢rators have lost their’ old ally—im- ‘hO}combined power of these electrical] Migration of cheap labor. They have urged a real fight in this strike, but it also has as its loyal servarits stations in the Donetz Basin will be|to persuade thousands‘of miners, who Whip Chang Tso-lin SHANGHAI, China, Oct. -18.—The Shanghai Trades Council in a mani- the whole Lewis machine of official bureaucrats at the head of the {470,000 kilowatt, It is estimated that|know what the uniom ‘has done for ‘Miners’ Union, who can be relied upon to use all their power to-erush What the government itself has gone out of the strikebreaking busi-| Wil shess. The capitalist government is today and, as long as it lasts, jill remain the instrument of coercion by which the master’ élass, this great work will take 15 years,|them, to give it up and enter again ‘but some results have already been|the old bondage. Otherwise the op- achieved. In some parts of the Donetz | erators’ have the choice’ of paying the embrace the whole already exist. Here and there these parts are already being linked up into one whole. Strenuous work is going holds the working class in subjection. If the miners should be‘able}on in the Donetz Basin, which will put would come to an end and the power of the national government would be mobilized in a savage assault upon the strikers. The tremendous increase in profits of the automobile industry and the simultaneous reduction in wages eloquently refutes the contention of those labor fakirs who contend that only by increasing production. can wages be increased. What happened to the reptile press that it permitted the facts in the demise of an elegant’ Philadelphia society lady and patriot, who: died drunk, to be flashed to the world? Someone slipped up, somewhere. i : ™ The ved raids in Britain followed the classic lines laid down by arose nger—so it will in England. defn inember for the Workers Party and.a new subscription for the DAILY WORKER. the Palwier and Daugherty regimes,in, this country. The party here} pl effectively to challenge the combined power of the local authorities! ¢verything on an electrical basis, in- and the treacherous officialdom of the union, Coolidge neutrality | “in ploughs and trucks, Wrap your lunch in a copy of the DAILY WORKER and give it-(the DAILY WORKER, not the lunch) to your shop-mate. DRUSE TRIBESMEN LEAVE FRENCH ARMY IN SYRIAN DESERT BAGDAD, Oct. 18—A detach- ment of French imperialist troops fighting the Druse tri! en have been cut off from their base of sup- ies. ’ tt The tribesmen nave-cut the Dam- ascus-Beirut railroad) leaving the .French troops strahded in the Syrian des "yittle water and provisions. No one should mistake the “neutrality” of Coolidge to mean | Basin, parts of the great ring, which|union scale or being,unable to man basin, ; their mines. we Mellon’s contract-breaikng _Pitts- burgh Coal Co. now has behind it the Pittsburgh chamber of ocmmerce, It has a special department in charge of the renegade E. S. McCullough, former vice president, of the,miners’ union, to recruit m labor willing to desert the union. {fo quote Hale: “Neither the Pittsb Coal Co. nor the Pittsburgh change of commerce can now retire without a heavy loss of prestige. The other urfion operat- ors of the district are reported watch- ing to see whether Mellon's big com- pany can get away with it.” ig ey were taken from the city prisomBarm at Jackson- ville ,where they e serving * tences for disordi conduct and were tarred and of over a hundred since the fall of the ka festo addressed to the workers says: “Sun Chuan-fang’s forces have reached Shanghai and the Fengtien army has fled, Martial law will be rescinded, The General Labor Union headquarters will soon be re-opened and imprisoned workers released.” This expresses briefly the victory of the nationalist opposition over the mercenary troops of Chang Tso-lin, whose Fengtien army invaded Shan- ghaj two months ago, declared martial law, shot lahor organizers without trial, dissolved the General Labor Union, and under the benevolent pro- tection of the British, American and Japanese armed forces controlling the international settlement, carried out a policy of ruthless extermination of the nationalist revolutionary move- ment led by the labor unions, Hailed as Deliverer While Marshal Sun Chuan-fang is not fully identified with the nation- ist movement led by the Kuomintang party, his 15,000 troops who poured into Shanghai Friday, are hailed as deliverers, Students and labor unions are rallying to his support, Sun having stated in an interview that he was opposed to the so-called “tariff conference” of the nine imperialist powers scheduled to open at Peking on Oct, 26, as'a new trick of the im- Derialists to pretend to grant a little more autonomy to China while deny- ing her any real independence. The troops of* Marshall Sun now cow controlling Shanghai come from Chekiang province to the south of Shanghai, which lies in the province of Kiangsu on the middle coastal re- sion of China, on the great artery of ‘trade, the Yangtze river. 'Sun’s troops expect to drive Chang: Tso-lin’s fleeing Fengtien soldiery out of Kiansu pro- vince and north of the Yangtze, Shantung May Go Nationalist In addition, Chang Chun, the milit- ary governor of Shantung province north along the coast from Kiangsu province, is reported wavering in his allegiance to Chang Tso-lin, and if he joins the nationalist opposition to Chang Tso-lin, the military forces sympathetic to national liberation will be in control of practically the entire Chinese coastal provinces from Can- ton northward to Kiao Chow. Chang Tso-lin’s open service to the imperialists, their subsidy of ° his armies with money and arms, and his Savage suppression of the nationalist and labor movements, has driven all| elements of opposition together against him. It is now possible that. the Kuomintang will reach an accord with the Chihli faction which opposes Chang Tso-lin, and with General Feng Yurhsiang build a military movement which will demand an end to the deceitful and prolonged “negotia- tions,” a scrapping of all treaties and a new deal for a new China. If this Occurs, the powers, which were due to debate solemnly at Pek- ing as to whether or not they would permit China to raise 2% per: cent more tariff on jmports, are liable to be lucky if they get away with their clothes, Rockefeller Bank Boasts of Mob-Proof Vaults in Chicago Bankers’ fears of popular uprisings against the capitalist system are re- flected in advertisements by the Se- curity bank, a Standard Oil organiz- ation in Chicago. The safe deposit vaults in its new building are claimed by the bank to be not only fire and burglar proof, but mob proof. The 70,000 pound doors have 24 bolts, each almost 4 inches in diameter, and pro- ue shields with burn-resisting me- Take this copy of the DAILY WORKER with you to the shop tomorrow. LUDENDORF, GERMAN WAR LORD, AFRAID OF REDS SENDS 5.0.$, FOR POLICE BRESLAU, Germany, Oct. 19.— Gen. Ludendorff, one of the war lords of impenial Germany and, standing figure inthe jionalist movement, became alarmed at a crowd of Communists who assem- bled as he was leaving a nationalist meeting today and remained con- cealed inside the building until the police could come to his rescue. Ludendorff's fears were unjustified, as the Communists hold him in such contempt since he and Adolph Hitler, the German fascist, staged their opera bouffe, beer hall, “revo- lution” against the republic, that they would not. him the pub- licity he craves attacking him, Hi he ol ps ar ne the nationalist ken seriously anywhere, vad ' oa 1 The 44-hour week is practically universal as. far as the book and job typesetters are concerned, the only Henry Ford’s speeding-up tactics. Af- ter two years of the 44-hour week, Detroit returned to 48 hours May 1. In newspaper work there is no such uniformity, the established day vary- ing from a minimum of 7 hours to a maximum of 8 hours and. the week from a. minimum of 36 hours to a maximum of 48 hours. The 48-hour week is most frequent, with the 45- hour week next, During the year the week has been lengthened in three cities and shortened in two. Operators have the highest scale in New York city where the hourly rate for newspaper work is $1.333 and for book and job work $1.205. The minimum hourly rates for union ‘typesetting machine operators in newspaper shops, in 1913, 1920 and 1925 are given for 18 leading cities as follows: Typesetters pay pér hour 1913 1920 1925 Baltimore ..$0.536 $0.933 $1.068 Boston 63 95 117 Buffalo ., 50 719 958 Chicago 55 72 1,29 Cincinnati .. .521 1,073 1.138 Cleveland 638 875 1.073 Denver ... -633 978 1.033 Detroit .. 550 387 1.13 Indianapolis .50 813 1.00 Los Angeles .622 867 1.078 Milwaukee ... .458 -771 1.025 New York .. .667 1.222 1.333 Philadelphia .458 813 875 Pittsburgh... .55 375 1.211 St. Paul ...... 545 940 1.013 S,. Francisco .644 1938 1,156 Seattle . 15 1.143 1,214 Washingt 607 1.040 1.100 Altogether the figures seem to show that these workers are below the average in per cent of gain compar- ed with pre-war, taking the figures year'by year, we find that in the per- jod* 1913-1919 in which war industries were boosting a majority of indus- trials, the-scales of typographers ‘fail- ed.to keep pace with the general ad- vance. Since 1920 they have been slowly: overcoming the handicap. HAPPY CAILLAUX, GAN BE IN TWO PLACES AT THE VERY SAME TIME | Special to The Daily Worker , NICE, France, Oct. 18—The so- called “radical socialist” party con- gress here today gave testimony to its sense of humor when it accepted the statement of Finance Minister Joseph Caillaux that in refernce to the congress decision to introduce a eapital levy bill into parliament, Caillaux accepted it, “but only as a member of the party and not in his ministerial capacity.” This leaves Caillaux perfect free- dom to support the bill as a member of the party but to oppose it to the death as a member of the cabinet. The capital levy is being insisted upon by the party, which declares that France stands between that action and ultimate bankruptcy thru inflation. M. Caillaux, as a thotful “citizen of France support the capital levy, but) as a member of the cabinet anxious to sustain the government against criticism of the bourgeoisie who will certainly at- tack it if it speaks of a levy against capital, M. Caillaux will vigorously oppose such meaéure. ] exception being Detroit, famous for FEDERAL JUDGE BLOCKS ATTEMPT TO GUT FARES Injunction Upholds 20 Pct. Rate Increase Tuesday morning the suburban com- muters on the Chicago & Northwest- ern railway must either present new tickets to the conductor or pay cash. This announcement from the com- pany came following the granting of a temporary injunction by Federal Judge Adam C. Cliffe restraining the Illinois commerce commission, the governor, the attorney general and the state’s attorneys of Kane, Cook, Lake, DuPage and McHehry counties from interfering with the collection: of the increased rates. The injunction hearing is to be held Friday, October 23, where the company expects to get a permanent injunction enjoining the Illinois com- merce commission from interfering with the company’s fare boost. The old ten and twenty-five ride tickets will have to be turned in and new, tickets purchased by the subur- ban commuters before Tuesday, Oct. 20 as the train conductors will refuse to accept the old tickets after that date. Monthly commutation tickets will be good to the end of October. The interstate commerce commis- sion in a recent.decision allowed the company to, increase its fares 20 per cent. The suburban commuters are pre- }paring to fight the case before the Mlinois commerce commission, which claims to have jurisdiction of all trat- fic within the state and claims the interstate commission had no right to /\increase the fares as the increase af- fects only cities located in the state of Hlinojis: and not transportation ‘be- _| tween. cities in different states. Suburba ncommuters on other Mnes that enter Chicago are also looking with interest at the fight being put up by those that use the Chicago and Northwestern railway as an increase on one road will mean an increase on all roads, Denmark Commission . Plans Inducements : for Soviet Trade (Special to The Daily Worker) COPENHAGEN, Denmark, Oct. 19. —A trade and industry organization his appointed a committee to find means to induce Soviet Russia to-do ore trade with Denmark. While in 924 Denmark's exports amounted to 400,000 crowns (about $100,000), showing that this country can com- Pete with other nations, Russia bought ‘} only 2,000,000 crowns (about $500,000) worth, as against 72,000,000 crowns (about $18,000,000) in exports it ‘sent to Denmark. Trade and industrial interests are taking all possible steps in order to induce Russia to buy more goods in Denmark. MOSCOW ACADEMY PUBLICATION LISTS MANY RUSSIAN SAV ANTS - AMONG EARLY RESEARCH WORKERS MOSCOW, Oct. 18.—In the 200th anniversary publication published by the Moscow Academy of Sciences a-number of noted Russian scientists who have contributed to the development of scientific researches are mentioned. Among the noted savants who have contributed to the scientific world was the academician, M. V. Ostrogradsky, who rR many valuable contrib- utions to the study of mathematics, ‘ mechanics and mathematical physics. His researches in mechanics were concurrent to those of the famous Hamilton, Academician Buakovsky made valu- ablé, contributions to the development of mathematical. science, His monu- mental work on The Theory of Probabilities constituted the first treaties in this domain, containing :a series of independent deductions. Academician Somoy made valuable contributions to the science of ration- al mechanics, particularly to the the- ory of gravitation. His treatise on rational mechanics has lost none of its value to this day. Devise Arithmetic. The genius of academician Tche- bishey applied ttself to practical man- ufacturing questions arising from the quite new theory propounded by him on “functions least deviating from the zero.” Techbishev’s arithmometer constituted the first Russian-made ap: pliance, which was followed -by other improved types, e. g., the yarithm meter ofOdner. tn LE ‘ The only model preserved of Tche- bishev'’s appliance is kept in Paris, Academician Lyapunov was pre wy! ) +4 + thor of classical researches on the persistence of motion and the theory of gravitation. He studied the fun- damental ‘problems ‘of mathematical physicseand carried out important re- searches on the figures of equilibrium of planatary bodies and evolved new methods to prove the basic theorem of Tchebishev on the theory of prob- abilities. " Academician A. A, Markov wrote a series of treatises on the theory of Tchebishev's functions, on differen- tial equations, etc. , Academician A, N. Krymoy made a series of practical discoveries, such as new planimeters, a new theory for ship stabilization, ete. “Steklov’s Functions)” Academician Steklov has made new discoveries concerning the movement. of solid bodies in fluigs, the move- ments of a solid body around a fixed point, and the new fundamental, func- tions which have become known as “Steklov'’s functions,” ” ademician Uspensky has attain- ed new results on the theory of num- bers and continued some of the re- searches initiated by the late Tehe-