The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 18, 1925, Page 2

"Page wes 7 IMPERIALISTS INCITE CIVIL WAR IN CHINA Chang Leads to Break . ° Chinese Unity (Special to The Oaily Worker.) SHANGHAI, July 16.—Grave events are appearing again in the still rising movement for Chinese liberation. Following the rumored secret agree- ment among the three imperialist powers—England, Japan and America for common action to defeat the Chin- ese by deceit and pretend a friendly interest in holding conferences in the near future, Chinese militarists who are known to be in the pay of these same imperialist powers, are starting civii war and moving troops against other provinces, Military Agent Provocateur. Chang-Tso-lin, flagrant agent of Japan, continues to move troops into the Shanghai area and threaten war upon the governor of Chekiang, Sun Chuan-fang. What is more sinister is that Chang Tso-lin is apparently act- ing with the consent of the Peking govrenment, whose minister of ‘war, Wu Kwang-sin, is on the road to Shanghai to try to force Sun Chuan- fang out of the southern part of Ki- angso province. This menaces the unity of the Chin- ese with a digression which the im- perialists will welcome as giving them the opportunity not only to check the Chinese upheaval, but also to give the excuse that the “lack of order” precludes any possibility of doing away with the unequal treaties and extra-territoriality privileges, So clearly is this attempt to divide China to aid the foreign imperialists, that great numbers of Chinese organ- izations are pouring telegrams into Peking demanding that Chang Tso- lin withdraw his troops from the Shanghai area. Peking Government Plays False. However, there is considerable evi- dence to show that the Peking gov- ernment is acting traitorously to the interests of the Chinese liberation movement, for besides many other things, not only is Chang Tso-lin be- ginning a civil war with the apparent approval of the Peking minister of war, but another government general, Yang Sen, is opening war upon rival generals near Chunghing im the prov- ince of Szechwan. From Peking comes the news that ‘the. promised conférence which is pledged to talk about the abolition of extra-territoriality, is reported by U. S$. Minister MacMurray to open in December, six months from now. Chinese interested in liberation of their nation declare that the effort to break up the movement by intriguing generals and civil war is obvious, the imperialists already stating that “China, herself, is preventing the holding of a conference by internal trouble.” St. Louis “Hands Off China” Meeting Will Have Chinese Speaker (Special to The Daily Worker) ST. LOUIS, Mo., July 16—K. Mika- lachky will speak in St. Louis at the “Stand by Russia; Hands Off China,” mass meeting and demonstration which will be held at the Labor Ly- ceum 1243 N. Garrison Ave., Friday, Jnly 17, 8 p. m. The locai comrades, got tn touch with the local Secy. of the Kuomin- tang party and as a result there will be_a Chinese speaker who will speak in English, SPRINGFIELD, Ill, July 16.—A to- tal of 241 claims against the C. P. & Stl. Railway amounting to $800,000, have been allowed by the circuit court arles G. Briggle, master in y, today began mailing checks in payment. The Peoria and Pekin Union railroad company will receive $208,000. GARY, IND., ATTENTION! The DAILY WORKER, Work- ers Monthly, Rabotnicza Tri- buna and Novy Mir are for sale at the Workers’ Co-operative Restaurant, 1733 Broadway. All comrades invited. ten ene New York Readers, Attention! HOUSE WARMING PARTY Modern Sunday School Camp JULY 19, 1925 Lincoln Park, Morris County, N. J. To reach camp take Lackawanna Railroad from Hoboken to Lincoln Park. Then 15 minutes walk to camp. ‘No admission will be charged. Try to Bar Science in Scopes’ Trial (Continueé from page 1) knowing “almost nothing” about evo- ution. “The court should not receive opin- ionated evidence when it, touches the issue involved,” Bryan continued. “The courts are agreed upon that.” William Jennings Bryan, the father- left his seat behind the state counsel table and moved up beside his son. The politician sat fanning himself, listening intently to his boy. The son however, showed none of the famous Bryan eloquence. “To admit this testimony,” Bryan closed, “would be to substitute a trial by experts for a trial by jury and to announce to the world that this jury is too stupid to determine the simple issue of this case.” State Withdraws Challenge A short recess was taken. During which, Dudley Field Malone, announ- ced to the press tables that the young- er Bryan’s speech was a “withdrawal of the elder Bryan’s challenge for a duel to death between evolutionists and christians.” “The father demands a duel,” said Malone, “the son wants to take away our only weapon, We'll fight them any how.” When court resumed, Judge Raul- ston warned all spectators to make no demonstrations, “We have counsel here, who may color their speeches with it,” said the court. “If they do I don’t want) any applause for two reasons: First—it is improper and, second, this building is heavily burdened, and while I don’t want to alarm any one, I don’t want any vibrations caused which would shake the building and I’m afraid a heavy outburst of applause might cause trouble,” Arthur Garfield Hayes began the defense’s argument. He told the court first there need be no alarm over any “applause greeting me which will shake down the courthouse.” “There isn’t a single expert in this case who is paid,” Hayes continued. “Every scientist who has come here, came because of his love for science.” Hayes said the state wanted both judge and jury to decide whether evo- lution was taught by Scopes without “even knowing what is evolution.” 7 Hayes Explaines Evolution “If Scopes had taught that man descended from a monkey,” \Hayes ad- ded, “he would not be guilty of violat- ing this law. That,is the fact strange as it seems to the prosecution. The fact is that man and monkey are of the same order of animals, the first order, under every classification of science. And the law says that to be guilty, Scopes must have taught that man descended from a lower order of, animals. Science would prove that monkeys were not of a lower order.” Hayes read a short ‘paper written, by Prof. H. H. Newman, dean of science school at the University. of Chicago, in which the scientist said that Darwinism meant one thing to the lay public and another to science. “The jury should be told this,” he added. Theory of Natural Selection “Darwinism is the term given ‘to evolution generally by the lay publi¢,” Hayes quoted Newman. “It means an entirely different thing in science, for scientists look upon Darwinism as the term for the theory of natural selec- tion, one of the principal theories sup- ported by Darwin.” Hayes also demanded that the de- fense be permitted to show the “meaning of the bible.” Conflict Of Tenn. Laws Hayes charged Scopes was jeopard- ized by two laws, one compelling him to teach Hunter’s biology because it was the text book approved by the state text book commission and the other as the state contended, forbid- ding him to teach it. One law, Hayes said, ordered him to teach biology; the other forbade it. This aroused the ire of William Jennings Bryan, who entered the de- bate for the first time. The common- er’s remarks led defense counsel to demand whether Bryan had been en- tered on the record as an attorney for the prosecution. stopped and asked the court whether he could insert the commoner’s name in his remarks, Yesterday, the court made defense attorneys. ignore Bryan. “Colonel Bryan is here as an as- sociate counsel, I believe,” the court ruled, Malone arose and demanded to know whether the commoner’s name was entered on the record. The court said Bryan had been duly recognized as one of the state’s counsel. Only An Associat “Well, then, the leader of the pro- secution—” Hayes began, when Bryan again interrupted him. “It might be well,” the commoner declared, “to recognize, that while the defense is seeking to make me chief in this case, that the fact is the at- torney general (Stewart) is in charge of the case. I am only an associate ‘ EMPLOYER TO STATE COURT TO SAVE TAXES In a petition for an injunction filed at Springfield the Illinois Manufactur- ers’ Association has asked that the secretary of state be restrained from paying to the state treasurer moneys paid by Illinois Manufacturers under provisions of the Illinois state fran- chise tax act. , The franchise tax, the validity of which is now a question before the state supreme court,’ was recently dealt a severe blow ‘by the United States supreme court which declared unconstitutional an act of the Ohio legislature almost idéntical with that of the franchise tax provisions of the RUN counsel. Everybody bowed, the commoner sat down but Stewart arose and an- nounced that “in questions of law,” he was referring to the superior judge- ment of Bryan. Hayes ended a mo- ment later without again referring to Bryan. Herbert E. Hicks, youthful local counsel, renewed the state’s argu- ment. He contended the only issue in the case was whether Scopes taught the prescribed biological lesson and whether that lesson conflicted with the bible. The jury alone could de- cide, he added. “The defense wants to bring in secondary jury of scientists to decide the question in their favor,” Hicks continued, Against the “Foreigners” “The state objects to letting them turn this courtroom into a college or school. If these foreign gentlemen—” “Now, now,” the court admonished. After “foreign gentlemen—” “They have termed themselves that,” Hicks explained. “We have no objection,” Malone in- terposed, “go right ahead.” “If they want to have a college or a school here,” Hicks continued, “we will give them ground right here in town. These men want to tell us what the bible means—” The defense attorneys whispered to- gether. Neal was on his feet, demand- ing “Who do you mean?” Hicks Is Startled Hicks looked startled. He meant the scientists, he said. “Well, you ought to hear them first,” Hayes shouted, “before you comment on what they might testi- ty.” Darrow was on his feet. The young attorney faced him bravely. “Do you wart to put me on the stand” he asked. ant to tell you that the caption ~ofcthis law forbids the teaching of evolution” Darrow said slowly, “the body of the act says forbids teaching any, theory which conflicts with divine ereation. The body of the act does not mention evolution, the caption nothing else. This means the state must prove that evolution means just that and nothing else. Bear that in mind.” Bryan To Speak It was announced that William Jen- nings Bryan would speak to oppose the admission of scientific testimony. Moscow (By Mail)—Agricultural ex- perimental work convention in the Russian Soviet Republic begn on June 15. One hundred seventy-one dele- gates were present. The first report was read by Professor 8.'K. Chyan- off, who in 1924 visited the United States, where he studied the work of experimental stations. According to this report, on October | 1, 1924, the R. S. F. S. R. had 147 ex- perimental stations, exactly the same as in pre-war days; but the amount of Bryan, Sr., Enters Fray “The Tennessee legislature passed this anti-evolution law without sus- pending the right of Scopes to teach this book,” said Hayes. » . Bryan interrupted; “it jdoés not matter if the book was auth ed, the teaching of the theory of evolution was forbidden, he had;no pight to teach it.” siiahde) “That is a very good theory,” Hayes admitted, “except the defense: holds that if the new law intended to amend the old one,*it would have said so.” Hayes spoke the name “Mr. Bryan,” Sree land attched to the stations is now three times greater. Also the amount of scientific workers has been in- sreased. Much was accomplished by the stations in regions affected by draughts. The stations were able to raise 100 poods of rye and 40 poods of wheat on a desiatin, while the peas- ants’ crop was not more than 10-15 poods. Peasants Learn New Methods. Much attention was paid to attract the cooperation of the peasantry, In 1924 over 6,500 peasant farms were utilized by the experimental stations to teach better methods of farming to pesants im general. Each experi- mental station had over 100 experi- enced peasants to help in this work. Much attention was paid also to ag- ricultural exhibitions. In 1924 vari- ous experiment! stations organized 26 of such exhibitions. Over 2,000,000 peasants in different ways were in touch with the experimental stations. Much was done for the improvement of seeds. Twenty-eight of the agricul tural stations are devoting special at- tention to this question. Up to June 16, the conditions of the harvest in the different regions of R.S. F. 8. R. were as follows: Harvest Conditions, North Region: Winter and spring crops—average, Northeast Region and Ural: Win- ter crops—average; spring crops—Av- erage. Illinois general corporation law. This tax amounts to 5 cents on each $100 of capitalization répresented by business transacted jin Illinois. As the money for the tax is now due, the Manufacturers’ Assotiation seeks to prevent its disbursement in hopes of having the law nullified: Electric Trust’ in’ Japan. NEW YORK, July 16.—The West- inghouse Electric company, of Japan, capitalized at one million dollars, has been formed as a subsidiary of the Westinghouse International company, to distribute the company’s products thruout Japan. Persia Forms Tea Monopoly. BAGDAD, Irak, July 16.—The deci- sion of the Persian government to put thru a bill te empower it to take over the import and sale of tea and sugar in Persia as a state monopoly is worrying the Bagdad middlemen here, Employer For Coolidge. DETROIT, Mich., July 16.—Contin- uing his support of “The Little Strike- breaker,” Henry. Ford, speed-up auto manufacturer, in a statement here said he would like to. see Coolidge elected for a third term. Coolidge has served the business, men well, Ford intimated. WORKERS SUNDAY CAMP OPENS IN NEW JERSEY; GIVE HOUSE WARMING NEW YORK CITY, July 16.—Sun- day, July 19, is the opening of the Modern Sunday school camp at Lincoln Park, Morris county, New Jersey. All members of the party and Young Werkers’ League and Snelson are to attend. Arrangements have nm ma lunch, jee, cream, etcs, - This will be the first time that the working Glass ohildreh will be together in a summer camp. The charge is only five dollars per week per child, 7-14 years, covering board and lodging. The camp is limited to members of the modern school and those that are.ready to join the school. For information apply to chair- man of camp committee, C. Heinzel- man, Queens County, Labor Lyceum, 785 Forest Ave., Ridgewood, New York. SOVIET AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS AID PEASANTS TO RAISE MORE CROPS; 1925 HARVEST GOOD and rye—above average} spring wheat and rye—average. Central Region: Winter rye— above average, except in a few prov- inces; but after the fall of rain the conditions in these provinces are bet- ter. Spring crop—average. Blacksoil Region: In the west of this region, the winter crop is aver- age; in the east, after rains the con- dition is about fair, The spring crop is average. Upper Volga Region: The winter and spring crops are, average. Middle Volga Region: The Winter crop except in small parts of two provinces is above avyerge. Low Volga Region? Winter crop except in one province is average. Spring—average. } North Caucasia: Winter crop is average, In many parts it is better. Spring crop is average. The Amount of Crop Expected. According to Narkomsem (Depart- ment of Agriculture)’'the amount of crop expected is estiihated at 3,530,- 000,000 poods (including 160,000,000 poods of unused 1924 crops), Out of this amount 3,266,000,000 will be used by the population, ard the remainder 264,000,000 poods—Wwill be marketed abroad. *" Rehabilitation ‘of Mills. In view of the exceptional crop in North Caucasia this year, attention has been given to effect improvements in the large flour mills of that region. They will handle 35,000,000 poods this season, Soviets and Poles in, Consular Pact. VIENNA, Austria, July 16-—-The Po- lish government and the Soviet Union have reached an agreement by which the two countries exchange recipro- cal consular privileges. Poland will have consulates in Moscow, Lenin- grad, Minsk, Tiflis, Kiev and some other cities, and there will be Soviet consulates in Warsaw, Lodz, Lemberg Northwest Region Winter wheat} and Danzig. EE a the British T so goer sees its la same name. the enemies of Soviet Rule. But all to no avail. ment in England. ans and the Poles, clear out of Vilna. change in boundaries. behalf of capitalist interests. capitalist frontier against the ingly in mone other buffer countries. equal prospects. Roumania. on the verge of revolt. (Continned from page 1) violation of the agreement. “A labor bureau. “Adjustment of the scales of the finishers, “The above demands cannot be won thru commissions, for these demands the cloakmakers will have to conduct an energetic struggle. Thru a general strike alone will the cloakmakers win better conditions for themselves. “Sisters and Brothers! “We must not for one moment for- get the experiences of the past. “Our self-appointed leaders have un- til now pursued a policy which lead ‘to demoralization, instead of depend- ing upon our strength and our own fighting spirit, they relied upon mir- acles and favors from outsiders. By pursuing this policy, our working con- ditions have continuously grown worse, and our union led into degrada- tion. “It we are to save ourselves from this situation we must follow another course. We must follow the course of fighters and not that of beggars. But we must remember one thing: in order to be able to conduct a success- ful struggle our forces must be mobil- ized, our union must be reconstructed and its leadership cannot remain in the hands of irresponsible people, We must eliminate all obstacles that ham- pered us in the past. We must solidity all our fighting forces in order to win our struggles. “To attain these ends we must not for one moment-recede from our strug- gle against the leaders of the machine who have disrupted our union and be- trayed the membership. “Sigman Co., must be driven from the international, the three suspend- ed locals and all expelled active union workers must be reinstated, “The joint board must be reorgan- ized on the basis of proportional re- presentation, A closer and more harmonious contact must be estab- lished between the rank and file and the leadership of the union, “These are the outstanding needs of the moment. These are the basic needs that must be realized in order to present a strong front in our strug- A bs Phat Lithuania Spoiling the Anti-Soviet Block of By J. LOUIS ENGDAHL, ‘ODAY, the outlook is not so rosy for Great Britain’s Baltic bloc against the Union of Soviet Republics. aroused by the spoils divisions of the Versailles peace are too many to permit of easy sailing for the anti- wished by the tory government in London, that boring masses at home getting redder every hour. Lithuania is the latest stumbling block. Altho its popu- lation numbers but three millions, it occupies an important strategic position between the Poland-Roumanian front against the Workers’ Republics and the Baltic states of Lat- via and Esthonia, with Finland just across the gulf by the Garment Workers Reject Fake Award a Imperialists The enmities olshevik league There have been scurryings to and fro, by British- inspired diplomats, among these states in an effort to ally Finnish fascist government heads have reviewed the white guards of Esthonia. Meiro- vitz, the Latvian foreign minister, has made a tour of the capitals of Europe, to advance the cause of antl-Bolshevism. Lithuania still remains obdurate, spoiling the whole anti-Soviet plot, at least for the time being, because Poland still holds Vilna, seized along with one-third of Lithuania by the Polish general, Zeligowski, in the putsch of 1920, applauded and supported by the David Lloyd George govern- There are not enough Vilnas at the dis- posal of British imperialist rule to satisfy both the Lithuani- The British have other schemes, how- ever, including the return to Poland of the Memel corridor, which the Lithuanians took in 1923, if the Poles will only Both Poland and Lithuania, however, raise the cry of “War!” immediately mention is made of any The Versailles peace established the League of Nations, which it was claimed would settle all of these disputes in But “The League” has failed its masters here as everywhere else. It was imperialist France that first tried to bolster the Soviet Union, giving unspar- yy and munitions to Poland, Roumania and 2 France went broke in this anti- Soviet endeavor, and now Britain is taking up the war, with _ How carefully London has planned its onslaught can be judged by the flood of propaganda that is being sent out, again trying to give the world the impression that uprisings, civil war and chaos are the order of the day in neighboring Soviet Ukraine, especially among the White Russians. fact is that Poland still clings to White Russian territory, that should be under Soviet Rule, and all resistance is against further demination by the Polish oppressors, resulting in a bloody tyranny by the terror governments of Bulgaria and The Lithuanian capitalist rule has no love for the Soviet Union, but it knows that the: development of Lithuania depends upon an economic alliance with Workers’ Rule. But even this solution offers no escape’ from its dilemma. The workers and peasants of Lithuania, on the edge of the Soviet Republics, will in time decide to throw off their ruling class and follow the Russian example, Imperialist tyranny is find- ing it increasingly difficult to use the Baltic states to pull capitalist chestnuts out of the Soviet fire. energetic struggles being waged against it as in Morocco and China, with India and other subject nations restless and S Especially with gle with the employers for our de- mands, “Sisters and Brothers! “We are living thru one of the most critical moments in our union and in our industry. “For a long time we permitted our- selves to be led by a clique of irres- ponsible leaders who dragged us intc all difficulties, “Let us cease to follow blindly. “Let us put a stop to this destruct ive work in our union. “Enough, defeat, enough suffering, let us be on our guard. “Let us build our union. “Let us carry on our fight. “Let us remember our old slogan: ‘In the struggle only will we attain our rights. We have nothing to lose and the world to gain!” nal GOAL MINERS REFUSE TO AGCEPT AUTHORITY OF EMPLOYERS’ ‘COURT’ (Special to The Daily Worker) LONDON, England, July 16. — The coal miners have refused to accept the “arbitration” by a “court of inquiry” which, it is known, would rule in favor of the coal operators. The court will discuss the wage differences on Friday, but the miners will ignore it. If you have a day, an hour e’mon over. There is so badly, to insert letters, addr: and ever so many other littl the DAILY WORKER. We’ for fun, c’mon over! C’mon Over! small force in our office that we need your help so very If you volunteer your services tha HURLS CHARGE FASCIST KILLED ITALIAN DEPUTY Senate Is Aware of Mus- solini’s Crimes ROMH, Italy; July 16.—The news- paper Epoca, which has until now been mildly pro-fascist, has published a document drawn up by the Aventine opposition to Mussolini in the cham- ber of deputies, charging that Mus- solini knew of the plot to murder the socialist deputy Matteotti. The murd- er, and attacks on other opposition deputies were carried out with the assent of the fascist government, the paper charges. The senate, the paper says, is in possession of sufficient evidence to show that crimes were organized un- der the uspices of the premier, to punish those opposing the’ fascist regime, Our Readers’ Views Coast Power Steal. Berkeley, Cal. The Daily Worker: Mayor Rolph —the smoothest politician hereabouts, tried twice to sell the Spring Valley Water Company, at the company’s valuation to the city and both times failed by the vote route. He fears this method in a deal now contemplated so the frame-up calls for a change of venue and the “principal” or his pals will do the trick in Wash- ington. The labor fakers here are, so far, rather quiet on the matter. They sense the rank and file as favorable to Rolph. The reason the rank and file are so is because Rolph, a water front coal importer, whose economic inter- ests, in the recent days of “law ’n order” campaign of the chamber of commerce, clashed, and always showed sympathy in their strikes, was able to fool the workers, who believe today “Jimmie” is the honest cream cheese. The whole situation here is another beginning of a power steal on about the same slant as Muscle Shoals. Comradely, GEO. A, ELLIS. Consider Chicago. Traffic Trust. The Chicago Surface lines, bus lines and elevated lines are considering a plan to consolidate under unified con- trol. CATCH CZARIST WHO SOLD BALKANS FAKE ‘COMMUNIST PLOTS? VIENNA, July 16—Alexander Jacobovitch, a Russian czarist, has been arrested here after being caught selling forged documents to Balkan governments which ne pre- tended were written by officials of the Communist Internatlonat. The Balkan governments used these documents, knowIng they were forged, it is charged. Numer ous “Communist plots” were con- cocted by this czarist. Eastern Bootleggers Form Trust; Work on Two Shifts, Many Die NEW YORK, July 16—With the wiping out of rum row, bootleggers of Long Island, the liquor funnel of the Zast, have entered the distillery busa- less On an organized basis, a survey lisclosed_today. Along the scalloped coast line of the south side of Long Island, there is now a crackling “still” to almost every mile, laboring on a 24-hour shift to relieve the thirst of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and adja- cent ponts, ? The product of the “bubbling mash” is shipped in highspeed trucks along the Rockaway turnpike into New York. The “goods” are generally dis- guised in five-gallon gasoline cans, bearing the forged name of a popu- larly known oil company, “Within five years the country will no longer be dependent on roretgn tm- portations for liquor but can count on the domestic output. Can we make as good ‘stuff’ in a still? Perhaps now the ‘goods’ are a little green but we have the best chemists we can hire working for us,” an employe of a bootleg syndicate said, State commisioner of health Mat- thias Nicoll reports deaths from alco- holic poisoning in New York are in- creasing steadily, ee UES SEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEIEE , or a minute to spare—why, much work piled up on the s, seal and stamp envelopes je.jobs that have us swamped, a fine way to help ll be glad to see you—so just | i i i {| : | |