The Daily Worker Newspaper, July 19, 1925, Page 1

Yj The DAILY WORKER Raises the Standard for a Workers’ and Farmers’ Government . Vol. Il. No. 162. o & ye 4 Mt ‘é é o. is d . a “yhscription Rates: ¥ FA Outside ~ SCOPES’ DEFENSE GETS EVIDENCE OF “EXPERTS” IN TRIAL RECORD, WHEN JUDGE TWICE CHANGES MIND —— (Special to The Daily Worker) DAYTON, Tenn., July 17.—After torrid clashes in which all the attorneys took part, during twice reversed his rulings, the which Judge John T. Raulston defense for John Scopes finally succeeded in forcing the testimony of scientists on evolution into the trial records. Judge Raulston at first barred the testimony of the defense’s “expert” witnesses entirely, then agreed to sit and hear the pro- fessors explain evolution with the jury excluded, and finally decided that the testimony should be given the court in the form of a defense brief, denying the AS WE SEE IT. By-T. J. O'FLAHERTY HOSE who are interested in watch- ing certain labor leaders of the conservative school play the role of capitalist lieutenants, should watch the antics of William D. Mahon, presi- dent of the Amalgamated Association of Street and Electric Railway Em- ployes, who is now in Chicago, obvi- ously for the purpose of preventing the employes of Sam Insull’s elevated railway from striking for higer wages. A little bit of history con- cerning this man Mahon may be en- lightening. * T the Montreal convention of the American Federation of Labor a Detroit local of the Sheet Metal Workers Union, presented charges against Mahon charging him with maintaining a seab shop in Detroit and with refusing to recognize the union. Mahon was woitewmaaned IX, the committee appointed by Samue' Gompers to investigate the charge. But facta as brot-out- and admit by. Mahon were illuminating. The scab shop, Mahon claimed in his de- 4fense was ownéd by ‘his son, but it developed that his son was also priy- ate secretary to Mahon and that his salary came from-dues paid by mem- bers of the street carmens’ union. eee, HE. committee declared that a father could not be held responsi- ble for the sins of his son any more than a son could be held responsible for the sins of his father, tho it was the general belief that William Ma- hon was financially interested in the open shop; ran by his son. It was admitted by everybody that part of the capital used to finance the scab shop came from the dues payments of union street carmen. In order to show his contempt for the sheet metal workers who brot the charges against Mahon, Gompers invited his fellow-faker to take the chair at the convention immediately after the com- mittee’s report was read and accepted. see s HAT can the elevated employes expect from a leader of this cali- bre? They can only expect betrayal. There are 20,000 workers employed on the surface and elevated lines in Chicago. It is one of the most pow- erful, if not the most, in this city. But it appears that the leaders are Ccominated by the traction magnates. ‘This is undoubtedly true of William Quinlan, president of the surface mens’ union. That gentleman saw to it that his men took a vote on the question of accepting the agreement offered by the company before the elevated men were allowed to vote, (Continued on page 4) prosecution the chance to cross + examine. Court then adjourned until Monday, to allow the defense counsel to prepare the profes- sors’ expositions on evolution. Hays Stings Judge. Arthur Garfield Hays led the de- fense to its one big victory of the trial. As soon as the court made his decision. barring scientific. testimony, Hays was on his feet angrily object- ing. : “This opinion of the court is con- trary to every theory of Anglo-Saxon jurisprudence,” Hays shouted. “We demand the right to show that this law is unreasonable and if we do that, | we will have shown that the law is unconstitutional. With this testimony excluded, the court assumes that the court has superhuman omnpiscience.” At the taunt, the judge’s face turn- ed deep red and state’s attorneys rushed to his defense. “{ object to the statement of de- fense counsel,” shouted Attorney A. Thomas Stewart, “I object, because it is a reflection on the court.” But Hays went>on. calmly. “We hope to persuade the court that this law is aneiavonthles he added. “We ask the court to allow us to ut. dl) evidence to: Natori eho” Gout TBARS are people in the United States who would like to place laws on their statute books that the world is flat and that the world fs the center of the universe. Such a law is amusing, obviously unreasonable. If you will permit this evidence, your honor will come to the conclusion that you have been in error on this ruling.” Agrees to Hear Profs, “I will sit and hear it,” said. the court} obviously: impressed. “I want to be fair and if the evidence con- vinces me I am in error, I will of course, reverse myself. I never hesi- tate to reverse myself when I find myself in error.” ‘ Once the judge granted permission to defense counsel to “hear the scientists” with the jury excluded, the state’s attorneys were up in arms, de- manding the right to cross examine each witness. William J. Bryan led the fight and in the arguments that (Continued on page 4.) AUSTRALIAN WOMEN ARE FORCED INTO INDUSTRY, THOUSANDS UNEMPLOYED SYDNEY, Australia, July 17—The 2,672,864 females in Australia, 463,- 760 are set down by the |. as breadwinners. 79,836 Professional class, 25,000 in the do- mestic class, 79,000 in the commer- cial sphere, 118,000 in industry and manufacturing, and 10,384 ai gaged in rural occupations. Approxi- mately 20,000 are set down as being unemployed. wa In Chicage, by mall, $8.00 per year. ‘hicago, by mail, $6.00 per year. RITISH | LA A ‘ i ¥ Entered as Second-class matter September 21, 1923, at Dp Poet Office at Chicago, Ulinois, under the Act of March 3, 1879. JULY 19, 1925 WILLIMANTIC STRIKERS BEING EVICTED, LEARN GLASS STRUGGLE IDEA By WILLMAN, (Worker Correspondent.) WILLIMANTIC, Conn., July 17. Eviction of striking textile workers of the American Thread company began Wednesday, when Deputy Sheriffs John Fitts and Frank Tillinghast, with six burly assist- ants, began throwing out the furni- ture and personal property of thirty- five tenant strikers from houses be- longing to the company. Don H. Curtis; labor manager at the mill, said that several hundred scabs were working in the finishing department and that “as far as the company is concernec, there is no strike.” The strikers, who began the con- flict with most conservative outlook on social questions, and who were led by the most timid and conserva- tive union officials of the United Textile Workers, have in many cas- es advanced far in understanding that the Communists, at first charg- ed with being wild visionaries, were correct in their analysis of the strike as a part of a class struggle in which the powers of government under capitalism is always used against labor. CHANG TSO-LIN STARTS ATTACK ON BIG STRIKE Imperialist Bribes Are Causing Civil War Japan and sometimes other imperial: ists, has issued an order declaring ! jaw in the native territory bordering on the foreign settlement here, and ordering that all pickets tryitig to continue the strike against foreign imperialists, be shot when “disturbing the peace.” Raids Labor Unions and Strike i Offices. In addition the military of Chang fs raiding the offices of all labor or- ganizations and strike bodies. Chinese think that Chang Tso-lin has been ordered or induced by brib- ery and promises to give him a joint British and Japanese loan to support his ambition to rule all China by his armies. But such a loan would visclsts the conscrtium agreement and aiso has the certainty of creating an open split between Chang and Feng Yu hsi- ang, the leading military figure hon- estly championing national liberation However, it seems that the foreign imperialists are willing and . even anvious to cause a civil war, hoping for an excuse that will let them dodge giving up their unequal treaties, May Start Things. But if foreign imperialist diplomacy is financing and stirring wp internal trouble among the military governors, the world may see anything happen in the Far East. Chang’s soldiers last up strike headquarters across the boundary from the settlement in Chapei and aided in herding strike breakers back to their jobs on street cars after having been carried off by strikers. week closed Tide. of Revolt Against _ Sigman Regime Is Rising «Special to The Daily Worker) NEW YORK CITY, July 17.— The tide of revolt against the cor. fupt and traitorous Sigman gang In the New York Joint Board and in the general office of the Interna- tional Ladies Garment Workers’ Union, rising ever higer and higer, as will be seen when tomor row night —Saturday—a monster ~ mass demonstration of cloak and dressmakers will be held in Madi- son Square rk. This is the first time since the. “war for democracy” that the Madi- son Square Park has been opened jor démonstration. The purpose of for which the great mass meeting is called: is to mobilize the masses against the governor's commission . and against the fake referendum of . the so-called Joint Board to surren- der. the demands of the garment. workers to the bo: thru approw- al of the outrageous decision of the bankers and lawyers who par ticipate in the commi . Will Do Own Deciding. The membership of the I. L. G W. in New York are determined to do the deciding themselves as to what they shall work for In wages and the conditions under which they gain a living. Other evidence of the sweeping character of the revolt against the .) jan betrayers are the follow. °Ing: The shop where Stanzer, the chairman of Local 2, was removed from t\he job by order of Sigman’s erew, was struck at once by all the a nies workers, who refused to go back unl Stanzer goes with them. The boss is expected to give in to- day, and take Stanzer back. Local 38 and Pressers Reject Joint Board. Again, and even more important, Is the action of Local 38, which voted last night, by a majority of eight to one, to reject the action of the New York Joint Board in sus- pending and removing from office the executives of Locals 2, 9, and 22, and to demand re-instatement of all threg loca And still again—the Pressers’ sections, eeting in Bronx and Brownsville, rejected the action of the Joint Board and hooted the Sigman gang officials out of the meeting. SUNDAY, 4 JOINT BOARD REMOVES’ 71 ~ FROM OFFICE But the Membership Repudiates Act (Special to) The Daily Worker) NEW YORK’ CITY, July 17.— Not} | only has the! @iscredited Joint Board) | of the International Ladies Garment Workers aceépted the recommenda: tions of the ‘governor's commission) and recommetided. to the membership | that they ac§ept this fake “award”) on a referendum the Joint Board is) putting out tobe voted on Friday and Saturday, “Sug in addition the Joint Board acce} the report of the “Trial Committee” and “removed from office” ‘all except one of the seventy-two @fficers of Locals 2, 9 and 22 who Were “found guilty of Communism.’ The report of the “Trial Commit- tee” was made by Chairman Harry Borenstein, and by, a vote of thirty to one, with two abstentions (repr sentatives of} the suspénded local counting twojthirds of the member ship were of course, allowed tc vote by the} Sigman-Perlstein-Fein- berg gang) the report was accepted affecting the following officers of the three locals: Fakers’ Blacklist. Local 2—J, Boruchowitz, J. Berland, H. Brayin,,A. Cohen, L, Feuerstein, D. Goldbaum; J. Goldberg, M. Gabel, H. Hochstein, A.;Shafer, I. Steinzor, D. Spater, A. Wise, A. Block, M. Cooper, D., tavetz, J. Millet, A. Summiergrad, L. Selesnick, H. Seles- nick, 5. Steimglitz, I. Bloom. Local -9—B Hyman, Miriam Fried- J Lens Lewis, B. in; W.. Hoffman, M. Eva Pasher, .J. Gartner, M. Gold- berg, Belle Press, M.. Goodman, 1. Seigel. Local 22—J, Portnoy, Mollie Katz, Pauline Halpern, Abe Lupin, Fannie Farber, Clara’ Goldberg, William Himelfarb, Clara Fox, Fannie Cantor, Sonia Neuman, Rose Zucker, Louis Rosenthal, William Block, Sarah Be- gun, Jennie Golden, E. Dachs, Fannie Olivenstein, Anna Mattison and I, Farblash. The committee recommended that the above defendants be removed from their officés and that they be de- clared imeligible to hold office within the union for ‘a period of three years. The committee found that the fol- lowing local officers had failed to per- form their official duties because of indifference, rather than on account of deliberate malice: Local 2—S. Rabinowitz, man, B. Reisner. Local 9—I. Kanner, M. Goldofsky, S, Lorber, S, Dembus, M. Rembach, J. Achtenberg, H. Reitner. Local 22—Benjamin Mattis, I. ver. Four defendants still remain to be tried. W. Bilag- Sil- Not to Be Easy Sailing. That the szarist behaviour of the Joint Board is going to meet with de- termined and mass resistance, how- ever, is seen in a simultaneous dec- laration by the Joint Committee of Action of the three suspended locals. Denying that the Joint Board of the International Ladies Garment Work- ers Union is any longer a legal body of the union, or has power to suspend members or sign agreements, the Joint Committee of Action for Locals 2, 9 and 22, yesterday issued a call to its members*to refuse to partici- pate in the referendum vote on the re- port of the governor’s commission which is scheduled for Friday and Sat- urday, Want Half a Million. “This vote will be a fake, we know,” says Louis Hyman, chairman of the Joint Committee of Action. “These Joint Board officials will fix (Continued on Page 2.) SOVIET CITIZEN GETS DEPORTED FROM CHINA BY BRITISH JUDGES SHANGHAI, July 17,—Fresh com- plications in the Anglo-Soviet situ- ation were foreseen today when Bri- tish assessor, Whittamore, sitting in the mixed court, disregarded offi- cial Soviet protests and ordered M. Do: » agent ofithe Soviet govern- ment oil industry, expelled from Shanghai. was found iguilty of “conspir- ing to incite disorder” and was giv- en two weeks to wind up his affairs and gegout, _wo all BREAK OV L2 Published Daily except Sunday by THE DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO., 1113 W. Washington Blvd., Chicago, Il. ER CHINA NEW YORK EDITION Price 5 Cents ® London Rejects Request Made by Washington for Nine-Power Conference (Special to The Daily Worker) LONDON, July 17.—The secret understanding between the chief imperialist rivals for the | robbery of China has, as foretold in the DAILY WORKER, has been of the most temporary | nature, falling apart almost as soon as consummated and again bringing the diplomatic struggle between the United States, England and Japan to a point of rupture that threatens a new world war. Last night Great Britain flatly informed the United States, and for purposes of diplomatic politeness also France Japan, that she is opposed at this time to any conference of the powers to consider the ques- tion of abolishing extra-terri- toriality in China, which Amer- ican imperialism, to break the dominant position of British im- perialism now resting open ex- tra-territorial treaties, has been actively propagating. The British government’s at- titude was communicated to the U. S. ambassador Houghton and the French and Japanese am- ‘assadors, by Foreign Minister hamberlain, who invited the ther imperialist diplomats to Jowning street last night. Great Britain takes the view that ier commercial interests in the Orient, and in China particularly, are too vital to permit the Chinese goy- ernment and courts to have jurisdic- tion in China over British subjects and property. British at Least Outspoken. This is one of the baldest state- ments of the material motive behind British diplomacy in some time, and certainly is far franker than any of the hypocritical “altruistic” propa- ganda issued by American imperial- ism. It is presumed that Ambassador Houghton cabled the summary of the British attitude to Washington. It was reiterated at the state de- partment, that the United States has made no “demand” for, “immediate abolition” of extra-territoriality in China, but only the creation and meet- ing of a “commission to.consider and report” on the question, and it is pointed out that this is quite another matter. Washington Faith in Gestures. It was stated that in view of the clear limitations upon the nature of the inquiry (which practically nullify it so far as actually abolishing extra- territoriality is concerned), the Ame- rican government says it cannot see any merit in the contention that the inquiry should await “more stable po- litical conditions” in China. It is the belief in Washington that the gesture of calling the conference and launching a long inquiry, would itself aid the imperialists to pacify Chinese indignation and defeat the drift toward Soviet Russia among the Chinese. Hit at Washington Treaty. The rival imperialists to American interests, are stalling around and quite correctly hinting that United States wishes to break down their control over China merely to insert her own. They are claiming that the Washington “treaty” was not. a treaty at all, by merely a few “resolu- tions.” One of. these “resolutions” reads as follows: “That the governments of the pow- (Continued on page 2) SW'T HEARD A WORD’, SAYS LIE DEPARTMENT ON BRITISH REJECTION WASHINGTON, July 17—The United States has not been advised that Great Britain is opposed to en- tering a conference on Chinese af- fairs at this time, it was stated of- ficially at the state department to- day. Secretary Kellogg has made rep- resentations to the nine powers which signed the China treaty with regard to a conterence on the aboli- tion of extra-territoriality, but has received no replies to date. and? | great industrial drama. The Growing Coal War BRITISH GOVERNMENT GETTING — ARMY AND NAVY READY AS GIANT CONFLICT WITH WORKERS LOOMS What may develop into a greater crisis for Great Britain than the world war, is foreshadowed by the conference which was held yesterday in London, of representatives of millions of British workers to consider common action against the capitalists in the event of the differences be- tween the miners’ union and the coal owners developing into a strike. there is every little hope held out for a peaceful settlement. One million British miners and at least four times that many workers in other industries may become involved when the curtain is liften on the And On the other side of the ocean over 150,000 anthracative miners in the hard coal seams of Pennsylvania are at loggerheads with the employers. It is only a coincidence that the coal diggers on both sides of the Atlantic should simultaneously stand on the threshold of a struggle with the operators, but it may serve to open the eyes of the miners on both sides of the Atlantic to the wisdom of united action. The threatened strikes in- Great Britain and the United States have set the governments of both#ountries worrying. getting their armed forces ready to smash the strikes. Both governments are Both governments will make comimoh cause against the workers. The class struggle is growing more bitter. able to recuperate. Capitalism will not be The power of the workers is increasing. Long Live the solidarity of the workers of the world! MINERS’ CONFAB WITH OPERATORS IS DEADLOCKED Coolidge Prepares for Strikebreaking Role (Special to The Daily Worker.) ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., July 17— While President Coolidge and Secre- tary of Labor Davis were conferring in Swampscott as to the government's t BRITISH CRISIS NEAR AS MINERS GIRD FOR BATTLE Navy Receives Strike- breaking Orders (Special to The Daily Worker) LONDON, July 17.—On the eve of what may turn out to be the greatest industrial battle in the history of Great Britain, a conference that may ‘attitude toward the threatened coal} mark a red letter day for world labor strike, the wage parley between an- thracite operators and miners con- tinued today with both sides “dead- locked.” Representatives of the miners maintained their attitude that the an- thracite industry can well afford to meet their demands of a wage in- creases and have prepared to petition the government for an investigation of freight rates and coal merchandis- ing methods. “Coal costs $8 a ton at the mine and a consnumer pays’$15 a ton for it,” declared a representative of the miners’ union. “A saving along the line would provide for the wage de- mands of the miners and give the public a saving also on the price of coal.” W. W. Inglish, speaking for the operators, pointed out that the United States coal commission in 1923 urged such an inyestigation and® the inter- state commerce commission has al- Teady completed such an investiga- tion. “Royalties and other features of the coal industry are not within the (Continued on page 2) AMERICAN WOOLEN TRUST CUTS WAGES OF 16,600 AT LAWRENCE; MORE MILLS SOON TO FOLLOW LAWRENCE, Mass., July 17.—Notice of a ten per cent cut in wages in the local mills of the American Woolen company were posted today. Approximately 16,000 operativ: and four day a week shift have been in effect on July 27th, the mill will » who Have been working on a three led to expect that with the wage cut go back to full time. A dozen other woolen mills in the city, employing 2,000 operatives were expected to follow the sti of the Amarioan Woslen company opened here today. The executive committees of several organizations representing the most powerful com- bination of workers on the continent of Europe met to consider a proposal for the pooling of their common in- terests for offensive and defensive ae tion against the capitalists, This gigantic army of workers rep- resents the miners, railwaymen, en- gineers, shipbuilders and transport workers. Coming at a moment when the British ruling classes are between he two horns of a dilemma, represent- ad by disastrous rebellions in their colonies and satrapies and an irre- coneilable conflict with their wage slaves at home, this conference bids fair to mark a definite period in the decline of the robber empire. Rejected Another Confab. The miners have decisively rejected the government's offer for an inquiry into whether wage reductions and ex- tension of hours can be introduced. This is not a matter for discussion, say the miners in view of the fact that last year’s commission showed that the real wages of the miners were below the pre-war level while the profits of the operators were sub- stantially above. The miners are will- ing to reopen direct negotiations with the owners provided the latter with- draw their notice to terminate the ex- isting contract at the end of this month. Government to Use Navy. The government has declared its in- tention to proceed with the court of inquiry with only the operators pres- ent. The government is preparing to throw in the military and naval fore: es into the struggle on the side of the . {Continued om pagg - -- —