The Daily Worker Newspaper, November 20, 1924, Page 4

Page Four “CAUTIOUS CAL,” THE HERO OF ANTL-COMMUNIST WEEK, SHOWN UP AS AN ENEMY OF CHILDREN By KARL REEVE. (Ninth Article.) President Coolidge, who has officially turned the schools over to the American Legion this week, pleads for better education of America’s boys and girls. Yet statistics are unanimous in showing the alarming sub- normalcy in those children who are able to attend school and an army of over two million chil-* dren under 15 years of age are forced to work in the industries to help support their families. Doesn't Better Children’s Lot. Coolidge, who has sponsored anti- Communist “education week,” recent- ly acoepted the honorary presidency of a farm boys’ and girls’ club num- bering over 700,000 members. Yet Coolidge did not raise his voice to bet- ter the lot of the 600,000 child laborers who were taken out of school to work long hours on the farms. The official report of Coolldge’s U. 8. department of labor shows that 1,060,858 children from ten to fifteen years of age were engaged working in American industries in 1920. In ad- dition, several hundred thousand chil- dyen under ten years of age are known to labor in the United States. Since 1920, the army of child la borers has steadily increased. One child in twelve, under the Coolidge administration, is forced to leave school and enter industry as a work- er, In the oyster beds of Mississippi, on the truck farms of Maryland, on the Best fields from Michigan to Colo- rato, in the tenement sweat shops of New Jersey and New York and in the goal mines of Pennsylvania the manu- fagturers are hiring children by the hundreds of thousands. Illiterate chil- dren, taken from school at an early age die young or deformed hecause the master class wants their cheaper labor power. Pigures of the U, 8, department of labor show that child labor increased 43 per cent from 1920 to 1922, In the first six months of 1923, under the rule of the openshoppers, child labor further increased 24 per cent over 1922, These children, the report re- veals, work for four, five ani ten cents an hour, because their parents’ imcome is not sufficient, under the capitalist system, to keep ths family alive. Many Children Sub-normal, Children everywhere have been. found to be subnormal, even when their parents have been able to earn enough money under the profit system to send them to school, Examinations made by sehool medical inspectors of New York state two months ago show. ed that 47 per cent of the children liv- ing in cities, 48,9 per cent of those liv ing in villages and 274 per cent of those living in the country are physi- cally normal. All.the rest are defec- tive. Elbert H. Gary, one of Codlitige’s most ardent supporters, prates about Coolidge’s concern for the people. Yet in Gary's own town in the shadows of the steel mills at Gary, Indiana, in- vestigation conducted by Coolidge par- tisans in the U. 8. department of la- bor, found over 95 per cent of the chil- dren under nourished. Less than one- half of one per cent of the Gary chil- dren of preschool age get the right amount of food, an examination of 6015 children of mill: workers there disclosed, Yet all Coolidge can find to do dur ing“education week’is to denounce the Communists who are trying ‘to estab- lish a system of working class -rule that will abolish the frightful condi-, tion of the youth of the country. In proclaiming “education weék,” Coolidge declared, “Every American citizen is entitled to a liberal educa- tion” But the United States govern- ment is permitting millions of children Federated Press Jingles. A millionaire is being sued for “hay- ing been so awful rude as not to pay a ig.an eighth .of what he spent in yiald- ing to artistic bent. One hundred six thousand quid he spent for furni- ‘Three houses held the ain’t getting quite your share along- side this here millionaire. No Louis XVI stuff for you; that ain't supposed to be you dug Y¥ to be deprived of this right by the capitalistic system which pays low wages, brings about periods of unem- ployment and takes children out of schools and puts them in industry. Conditions In South. “The reason for this state of affairs in the south,” said a southern investi- gator, “is the low wage paid in the southern textile industries, which makes it necessary for the whole family to work—father, mother, chil- dren—in order that the family income may provide the barest necessities of life.” According to the census of 1920, 20.8 per cent of all children 10 to 15 years old in Georgia worked in the indus- tries, and three other southern states showed a much higher percentage, with 16.6 per cent of North Carolina’s children being shown at work. There are 7,500 crippled children in Virginia who have remained untreat- ed, altho over 75 per cent of them could be cured, the University of Vir- ginia recently discovered. New York Sweat Shops. In New York City thousands of chil- dren, many of them babies of three and four years old, work in home sweat shops for contractors, making hosiery and artificial flowers. The state child welfare commission of New York found that 79 per cent of all children employed in New York state are under ten years of age. Over half of the families whose children must work in New York receive less than $300.00 per -year with the entire family working, and the remainder receive less than $500.00 a year, ac- cording to the commission's findings. These are a few facts for our read- era to ponder over during “education week.” Capitalism is falling to pieces. Profits are kept up at the expense of the health and education of millions of Httle children, In Soviet Russia, under the workers’ and peasants’ government, the profit system has been abolished by the ‘working class and little children do not have ‘to toil in industry. Norwegian Minister to Moscow Expects Good Trade Agreement MOSCOW (by mail).—The new min- fster of Norway in Moscow, An- areas Urbi, who just arrived at Mos- cow, said to the Rosta correspondent: “It is needless to say that I-.con- sideras my chief task the strengthen- ing and developing of good relations which fortunately exist between our countries. I hope that negotiations proceeding now anent the conclusion of a trade agreement -will lead to a final and advantageous settlement. Ar you know, in these negotiations a very prominent part is played by fur and fishing industries on the north and trade relations between inhabitants of Norway and the White Sea district. The question of shiping is also very important for Norway which has # ‘big commercial fleet. “We hope that this question will be satisfactorily settled in the future agreement.” Bulld Italy's Navy. ‘LONDON, Noy. 19—Italy intends to reestablish fixed naval stations in South America and the far east ac- Pail Epics cording to a despatch from Rome.to- day in the Morning Post. Apartment. THE DAILY WORKER FAMOUS RED ARMY FILM TO.BE SHOWN THIS WEEK IN BROWNSVILLE, WY. (Special to The Daily Worker) NEW YORK, Nov. 19.—The tre- mendously successful film, The Beauty and the Bolshevik, which was seen by thousands of people in Moscow, New York and Philadel- phia, and enthusiastically applauded wherever it was shown, is coming to Brownsville this Friday and Satur- day evening, and it is hoped that as large an audience will turn out to see this film as did at the Lenox Theatre in August, and in Philadel- phia last month. In addition will be shown Russia in Overalls, a synopsis of Russia's | industrial development in the last years. And of course there is al- ways a special musical program composed of special Russian folk songs. There are thousands of workers in Brownsville and elsewhere in the city who have not seen this picture and every one is urged to take ad- vantage of the opportunity of seeing it now. It will be shown at, the Brownsville Labor Lyceum, 229 Sackman street, Brooklyn. On Fri- day, the performance will start at 8:30 p. m.; on Saturday, there will Truths for ‘ Thursday, November 20; 1924 Educational Week” ACH DAY this week the DAILY WORKER, in parallel columns, will publish the slogans issued by Coolidge’s Anti-Red Week Drive and also those of the Workers (Communist) Party. Today's: com- parison of the Communist and capitalist positions is as follows: COOLIDGE’S ANTI-RED WEEK Illiteracy Day Thursday, Nov. 20.—‘Informed Intelligence is the Foundation of Representative Government.” 1 ‘Mliteracy isa menace to our nation. 2. An American’s duty ward the. uneducated. 3. Provide schoo! opportunity for every illiterate. 4. Iliteracy.. creates misun- derstanding. 5. An illiterate who obtains only second-hand information Is a tool of the radicals. SLOGANS. No illiteracy by, 1930. Education is a godly nation’s greatest need. The dictionary is the beacon to- he two evening performances at 7:30 and 9:30 p. m., under the auspices of International Workers’ Aid. light to understanding. FORWARD TO THE SOVIETS Illiteracy Day Thursday, Nov. 20.—“Illiteracy and Ignorance of. the Working Masses is One of the Foundations of Capitalist Domi- nation in Government.” 1. Illiteracy is the result of long working hours and low wages of the adults and the enforced labor. of children. 2. Ignorance of his class tool of the capitalists. interests makes the worker a SLOGANS. Demand more leisure for study. Demand higher pay. Abolish child labor. Communism is the beacon light to the understanding by the workers of their class interests. CHILD LABOR FOES CIRCULATE GEORGIA AS it rejected the child labor amendment FIGHT TO FREE RUSSIAN CITIZEN FROM U.S, PEN. Sent to Siberia, But Fought for Soviet (By The Federated Press) NEW YORK, Nov. 19. — Whether Woodrow Wilson’s armed invasion of Russia without declaration of war comes under the technical definition of war is one of the points at issue in the case of Antoni Karachun, a Russian citizen, serving a 20-year term in the federal penitentiary at McNeil Island penitentiary, Washing- ton, because he deserted the American forces to fight for his country. ATTACKS OF LEGISLATORS IN VERY GOOD HUMOR (By The Federated Press) WASHINGTON, D. C., Nov. 19.—Members of the Georgia delegation in the house of representatives are trying to explain the remarkable political and sociological discoveries announced by their legislature, last July, when to the federal constitution. Sample: “The same is hereby not ratified but rejected because said proposed amendment would destroy parental authority and responsibility ¢thruout America, would give’ irrevoc- able support to a rebellion of child- hood which menaces our civilization would place in the hands of congress a power to destroy agricul- ture and manufacturing at will, is merely a hypocritical pretense at an effort to protect childhood from slave- ry, and is really intended to enslave the childhood of this republic.” Observe that Georgia fears “a re- bellion of childhood which menaces our civilization,” and the menace seems to consist in destroying agricul- ture and manufacturing, and that at ( t Party Activities Of || Local Chicago ———— Thursday, Nov. 20. | Membership meeting, Workers Party, | Local Chicago. Review of election eam- | paign and discussion of shop nuclei, A mperial Hall 2409 N. Halsted St. Meet-| ings of all. branches are off. Friday, Nov. 21. Polish North Side, 1902 W. Division street. Lithuanian No. 5, 3142 S. Halsted St. Greek Branch, 722 Blue Island Ave. Saturday, Nov. 22. Grand concert and ball, Workers Lyceum, 2733 Hirsch Boulevard, 8 p.m. Benefit of city organization. the same time Georgia fears that the rebellion will enslave the rebels. The national committee for rejection of the 20th amendment is circulating this document thruout the United States, thereby permitting it to come into the hands of people possessing # sense of humor. dite Ra Politicians in the capital are’ begin- ning to guess that this child labor op- position may prove as wide and deep a political grave as was the Lorimer vote, the Newberry rollcall or the Efforts to free Karachun are again ‘being made by the American Civil Liberties Union through Attorney Thomas M. Woodward of Washington, D. C., who has reopened the case with the war department. The Liberties Union points out that Karachun is the only federal prisoner serving a sen- tence on purely political grounds, His case, the union says, involves his “conscience and his loyalty.” Enlisted Against Germany. ‘The McNeil Island prisoner, mili- tary records show, enlisted in the United States army from America in 1917 to fight against Germany, though a Russian citizen. He was not a drafted man. But after Germany was defeated this volunteer was kept in the army, and taken compulsorily to Siberia in America’s unofficial mili- tary operations against the workers’ government which had taken the place of the czar’s provincial governors. Karachun had not calculated on this when he enlisted and he deserted. Afterwards, the American authorities say, Karachun was found fighting with the forces of his country which were resisting the American troops, Sentenced to Death. Karachun was captured, court-mar- tialed and sentenced to death, Sen- tence was commuted to 20 years by the president. Since America never declared war against Russia Karachun clearly was not a deserter in ‘time of war, the Liberties Union is stating to the war department. The maximum sentence for desertion in time of peace is only six years and the prisoner has already served more than the full time per- mitted under the charge, International Law, “The United States government,” the Union asserts, “is putting Karachun in a position where if captured by the Rusisan troops he would be executed for treason as a Russian citizen fighting against them, As a soldier in the American army in Siberia he was ‘put in a position of Aghting his own countrymen. This is Union, is Wolcott H. Pitkin, former assistant United States district attor- ney and former attorney general for Porto Rico, who has filed a brief on the case with the war de 6. tor | How much this can be intensifled 1s support of schedule K in the Payne- Aldrich tariff act. Three of the four states that have rejected the amend- ment are cotton mill states—Massa- chusetts, Georgia and North Carolina. Louisiana, which rejected, is a state where children are employed on plant- ations. Arkansas, which ratified, has no cotton mill ‘industry worth men- tion. Cotton Manufacturers Discuss. Sweating Of Mill Workers (By The Federated Press) BOSTON, Nov. 19, — How to get more work out of the worker was thé theme of speakers before the second days’ session of the National Associa; tion of Cotton Manufacturers, ‘Wallace I, Stimpson, of the Draper corporation urged employers to break down the workers’ traditions against operating more looms, He cited the case of a worsted manufacturer whose employes refused to change from six to twelve looms per weaver. Thir manufacturer “now has a mill out in the woods where the weavers don't know about these traditions and ex- pect to run sixteen looms per weaver,” said Stimpson in his advice to the au- dience, “Wage cuts are not the real way of lowering costs, but thru more work,” was his parting message. Joel M. Barnes, of Harpham, Barnes, Stevenson and company, charged that loom fixers were loafing and that a bonus system was needed to pep them up, Other speakers urged speeding, There is no loafing in New Eng. land cotton mills that @ visitor can detect, Speeding is already the rul risky guess, . Russ Golentific Expedition Returns, MOSCOW, Nov, 19—The expedition of Rudenkov to the aA 1113 W. Washington Blvd. FCO a year -f5.00 a year F450 6 montis THE NEW suUBS THE DA Extend Amnesty to Cailleaux But Not To the Communists PARIS, Noy. 19.—The’ senate rati- fied today the measure of amnesty |for Joseph Cailleaux, formerly prem- r of France, who was arrested in BOSSES FRAMED CLERGYMAN WHO HELPED STRIKE Arrested’On | Charge of | | Transporting Girls (Special to The Daily Worker) CHEYENNE, Wyo., Nov. 19.—The Wyoming State Federation of Labor is rallying to the support of Rev. B.)J. Minort, who is being framed up by’the | United States government in Nébras- ka, because of his friendliness to'la- |bor. Minort, who aided the striking |railway shopmen in 1922, is now pay- jing the price. Thru the insistence of jlabor, Minort was appointed state humane officer. Because of his con- |tinued activity in behalf of. labor, |Minort has been arrested on charges jof transporting two females from Wye ming to Nebraska, altho it is wen {known that Minort was engaged. ‘in taking the girls home to relatives as part of his work. Dropped from Church. The Wyoming Federation of Labor jhas issued a call to all affiliated bodies to raise funds to defend Minort and care for his family, as Minort is now destitute. - Minort was dismissed - as preacher in 1922 by the railroad mag- nates controlling his chuftch because he favored the ‘striking shopmen. A heavy prison sentencé hangs oyer ‘|Minort’s head as the result. of. the frame up of the employers in Wy) ming and ebraska. , Egan Gangsters Found Guilty. QUINCY, IIL, Nov. 19.—Willlam: P. (Dinty) Colbeck, leader.of the Bgan gang of St.Louis and eight others-on by. a jury in the federal court here 1918, charged with having rine] trial with him today were found guilty with the enemy and banished for five years from Paris, but not from France The vote on the measure was 176 for 104 against. The former premier, regarded as one of the most acute financial intelli- gences of Francé is now free, SVU That Sense of Satisfaction! It comes of having real pleasure and information— and you will have both when you THE DAILY WORKER &S50-6 montis #200 CRIPTION TO BUILD | LY WORKER | of having: participated. in the $54,130 mail robbery in Staunton, Illinois, on May 26, 1923. Next Sunday Night and Every Sun- day Night, the Open Forum. Chicago, Ill, se oe