The Daily Worker Newspaper, April 8, 1924, Page 5

— Tuesday, April 8, 1924 THE DAILY WORKER LOW PAY PUTS WIS, TEACHERS IN HOBO CLASS Vainly Hike in Search Of Better Conditions By LELAND OLDS, (Federated Press Industrial Editor) Low pay causes high turnover of teachers in Wisconsin schools, accord- ing to figures in the February labor market bulletin of the Wisconsin in- dustrial commission. One-third of the teachers in the larger high schools and half the teachers in the smaller high ‘schools during the year 1921-22 had not served in their school before that term. _ The average monthly pay of these high school teachers, including both sexes, is $165.50. The average monthly pay of all school teachers in- cluding the graded schools is $132. The following, table shows the av- erage monthly salary of teachers in city and county Ppblic school systems as compiled by the’ commission. Twenty-five school systems and eight county systems were covered in the survey: Average Monthly Pay Male Female Both City high schools .....++ $209 $153 $169 City graded schools 2177 126 129 Other city schools .....+. 191 126 147 County high schools ...... « 204 141 158 County graded schools ....... 152 1100-114 Other graded schools ...... + 104 97 98 The salaries of women teachers average very low, particularly in the county schools. Women teachers out- number the men more than 6 to 1. Only 425 out of the 3,088 teachers in the communities investigated were men. The low level of salaries stands in sharp relief against the statement of the commission that “with increas- ing qualification standards, teachers’ salaries have in recent years in- creased to a greater extent than the cost of living.” What must they have been before? The extent to which the high school teachers of the state are con- stantly shifting in hope of better pay and conditions is shown by figures of the Wisconsin department of public instruction. These show that in high schools with less than ten teachers only 3 per cent of the teachers had been with their school as long as seven years while over 89 per cent had been with their schools less than three years. In high schools with more than ten teachers on their staffs over 70 per cent of the teachers had|: been on the payrolls.less than three years. This is not peculiar to Wisconsin. It shows a condition that prevails all over the country and is a fair indi- cation of the attention paid to edu- cating the masses. IMPEACH COOLIDGE! Our Daily Pattern GIRL’S DRESS. 4528. This is a charming little model for weol FeP crepe or taffeta with a touch of bright trimming, It is also a good style for wash ma- terials. A sash may replace the belt, Blue crepe de chine with trim- ming of bias folds in white would be a pleasing development. The Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: 2, 4, 6 and & years, A 4 ir size Fes hy 1% yard of 36 ij mater- ial, Pattern mailed to any address on receipt of 10c in silver or stamps. DAILY WORKER, 1640 N, Halsted St., Chicago, Tl, Send 12c in silyer or stamps for our UP-S0-DATE SPRING AND ate 1924 BOOK OF FASH- 1 5 | THE PARTY AT WORK | How Soon Wil Appear In 1 Your Branch This List? By C. E, RUTHENBERG Executive Secretary, Workers Party ] importance of the Farmer-Labor the branches of the party. This is which are sending in their quota of NCREASING interest because of increasing understanding of the Campaign is being manifested by shown in the number of branches the Farmer-Labor Campaign Fund. These branches have reported since the last published statement: Hartford Ukrainian Branch Williamsburg Eyglish ‘Bran: Bentleyville South Slavic New Haven Finnish Branch sabes Zeigler South Slavic Branch (every member contributed $1.00) .... Clarksburg Finnish Branch . Hingham Finnish Branch Chisholm Finnish Branch.. Monson Finnish Branch .. Braddock English Branch . Hanna Finnish Branch . Dillonvale Italian Branch ... New Rochelle Finnish Branch Detroit Bulgarian Branch . 1f these branches and the branches whic Washington Finnish Branch +++8 5.00 ens» Branch. seoee 11.00 ave been previously | listed can give the Farmer-Labor Campaign Fund the help they have, why not all other party branches? The success of this fund depends upon every party branch respond- ing. We can not carry thru the campaign which must be made with- out at least $15,000. That means that the quota of not a single branch can be omitted from the total. Get action at your next branch meeting. Sell at least fen of the Farmer-Labor Campaign Fund labels. ee eee eee UIST CHILDREN COLUM i A THE BAD AND THE iD SCHOOL. By FRANZ. “Here, you lazy animal, come here. I'll soon teach you your manners!” Anxiously, the pupils in the 4th grade class cowed over their desks. Today the teacher was again out of temper. Six boys had already gotten their beatings, end now the instruc- tor turned upon little Peter, who was always made the “goat” when the teacher had a groucn. . This re- volted Jackie ‘Ihorne; he raised his hands: and cxelaimed: “Teacher:” Teacher was just then in the act of pulling Peter by the ears from his desk. “Bend over, you lay cuss!” he roared at the frightened little figure before him, Jackie broke in: “Teacher, you have forgotten to give us the lesson for tomorrow.” The Rod Rules, Astonished at this “undeard of” audacity, he let fall the upraised stick. “What! Have I asked you at all, you young ruffian? Come here, my son, come here. I'll teach you to hold your iongue until you are called!” He grasped Jackie violently by the collar and pulled lum in front of his desk. The teacher placed himself before the boy and looking menacingly in his face, he said: “Repeat it again! Have f forgotten to ‘ign the home work? Do you know this better than T. r. Smarty?” The whole cluss waited tensely for developments. No one dared to make the least noise, Little Peter took advantage of this oppor- tunity to sneak back to his desk where he hid behind Sam Baldwin's broad shoulders. Jackie looxed the angry teacher straight in the eye, and repeated: “No, sir, you have not given us the lesson for tomorrow.” “What! Do you mean tc say that I am lying, you young rascal.” And poor Jackie got his beating because he had dared to tell the truth to the teacher, . Ail knew he was in the right, but none dared open their mouth for fear of the teacher. Jackie took his beating without a word and returned to his seat. He was glad that he had told the teacher the truth for once, and that Pp had escaped his beating. But this was not to ond just so. The instructor turned menacingly upon the class: “Does anyone else claim that I have net assigned the home work?” No one answered. They were too sure of what would happen if ved so much as dared to open the heuer jing of a Bolshevis ning a st, “Well, yon see, you little liar. You just simply did not listen when I gave out the work, As punish- ment, Thorne, you shall ite the whole lesson twii that it is clearly 5 there'll be somebody who will not go home after shool tomorrow.” Luckily for the class the bell rang just then. The boys left the classroom in a great flurry of bang- ing desks and rustling books. ide, the snow lay white Outsi the ground and smiled at the upon clear winter sun. How quickly the painful school hours were forgotten! Snow ball fights began. The children laughed gaily as they fought each other in the snow! Jackie, however, did not remain long. The fun had been spoiled for h%m that day. It wasn't the thrashing, but the injus- tice of it all hurt him. He picked up his books and left for home with- out a word. Let the teacher beat him, he thought, but that would not prevent him from telling the truth. Why was school so bad? Nowhere could he appeal for justice. He re- membered having read of 2 school where the children were never beaten, wher the teacher was the children’s friend, and they said “comrade” to each other. ‘That was in The Young Comrade, in an ar- ticle about a children’s home in Russia, The children had their own little town, with gardens and parks. * He Pops The Question. _ Oh, no. Everything was practical and true. The pupils were not forced to remember long speeches and recitations, which could just as well be read in a book when one wanted them. Instead of that, the children made their own toys ani their own clothes and furn‘tare and learned thereby, The teachers show- ed them how and helped them in every way. They had_ their own shops. When they studied physics or chemistry, they butit their own apparatus. A steam engine con- structed by the class was much bet- ter than a page description of it without having ever seen one That is the sort of schoo! he would like to go to. No beatings and every- thing easy to Jesrn! The children also arranged their own celebra- tions, gave their own plays and took part in them themselves. Towards evening, Jackie Thorne went to the house of his friend, Peter. His chum’s father had al- ready hear! the story of the beat- ing, and he praised Jackie for his brave cond Jackie could finally ask his question: “Why are the schools so bad in our country and 80 good in Russia?” Bolshevism In A Nutshell. “The real reuson is this,” ‘said Peter’s father. “In Russia the workers and peasants rule the coun- try. They elect the government, which must do everything that is good for those wao work. The rich have no say at all in that govern- ment. In our country it is just the opposite. Here the rich rule, and ths workers must serve and obey. To make a good, obedient servant one must not know too much, and he must early become accustomed to do what he is told, even when he knows that it is wrong. You have been punished today because you have stood up for the truth; the others were id, and preferred to keep silent. The teacher {s trying to break your will early so that you may become better servants cf the rich when you grow up. In Russia, the workers want to be mon with strong wills who shall be free und brave, They need this strong will to be able to defeat their oppres- sors, Always be courageous. Jackie, and do not \cow before any man. And be a J Aghter for tha cause of the working class.” Page Five eae BIG LOCOMOTIVE CONCERN HELP TAKE WAGE CUT Company Makes Many Millions Profits By LELAND OLDS, (Federated Press Industrial Editor.) s Report that employes of the Amer- iean Locomotive Co, have accepted a wage cut of from 8 per cent to 10 per cent comes right on the heels of the annual report of the company for 1923 announcing the largest profits in its history. This bears out the pre- diction of The Federated Press on Jan. 10 and shows that the railroad industry is running true to form. Workers in the metal trades especial- ly associated with the manufacture and repair of railroad equipment are faced with a conspiracy to reduce their wages and American Locomo- tive represents the first breach in their ranks. 7 Accommodating Employes. Employes of the Brooks plant of the company at Dunkirk, N. Y., ac- cording to the report, accepted the reduction to give the: company a bet- ter chance to obtain orders. As a result of the agreement orders for 25 engines for the Union Pacific and 24 for the Louisville & Nashville will be assigned to the Brooks plant. This shows how the threat of cur- tailed orders and unemployment has been used by the railroad industry to coerce workers into starting the downward course of wages in the metal industries, Railroads in the east have laid off tens of thousands of shopmen. They have curtailed their purchases of equipment to such an extent that the locomotive companies have been forced to reduce their forces to about one-third of normal. Held Wages Responsible. They have openly held the wages of machinists, boilermakers, etc., re- sponsible for this situation. As quot- ed from the Wall Street Journal by The Federated Press in January: “Hesitation in railroad buying of {cars and locomotives appears attribu- table chiefly to the price factor. Equipment men cannot see lower prices for their product in the imme- diate future. They point out that wages constitute the principal cost factor in the equipment industry and the possibility of any saving being accomplished on this account is con- sidered extremely remote.” The annual report of American Lo- comotive shows that this charge of high wages as responsible for the re- duction in operations is at#olutely false. By cutting exorbitant profits the company could have secured three times the saving actu\lly made thru the 10 per cent reduction of wages without reducing the return to com- mon stockholders below 10 per cent. American Locomotive in 1923 pro- duced $90,000,000 worth of product | at a wage cost of not more than $30,- 000,000. It has in its treasury over $36,000,000 in undivided profits and reserves enough to pay a full year’s wages at last year’s rates. Naturalization by Mail Given Aliens Under a New Law} é (By The Federated Press) WASHINGTON, April 7.—Many aliens seeking to be naturalized need no longer go in person to the naturalization court. Under the new plan the alien whose declaration of intention is two years old and not more than seven years old, and who has lived five years in the United States and one year in the state, may write to his mty clerk or the clerk of the United States court nearby and secure by mail applica- tion form No. 2214. This form with his declaration attached he may mail to the chief naturalization examiner, whose name appears on the applica- tion form. If there are mistakes in the docu- ment it will be mailed back for cor- rection; if there are no mistakes in it the chief examiner will notify the applicant to appear with his wit- nesses for oral examination, to veri- fy the facts given in the form. The sien will then be directed to the office of the clerk of the court to file his petition. This process saves one day’s time taken from breadwinning and one-third of the legal expense. New Amalgamated Local. SAN FRANCISCO, April 7.—The Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America nave organized a local here to be known as No, 266, with 100 members at its ineoption. The local is condycting a big membership campaign and will endeavor to es- tablish a'!i-hour week in the men's clothing trade in this city. Sen Francisco is the 266th city for the Amalgama‘ed to enter. BURNS MUST Go! Jewish Socialists Have ‘‘Forward’’; Lithuanian daily, ‘“Naujienos,” Federation. cago, they have again come out on the side of the bosses. On March 29, 31, and April 1, they published the following advertisement: “WANTED: Experienced oper- ators on power machines to sew dresses; steady work, good pay. An excellent opportunity to learn a trade and receive a good wage. “Graceline Dress Co., “302 S. Market St., 4th fl.” A Real “Socialist” Ally. _ Mr. Heller, the head of the Grace- line Dress Company is also the presi- dent of one of the bosses’ associa- tions, He has as his right-hand man, the notorious, labor-hating, union- smashing Dudley Taylor, During the strike Mr. Heller has done his best to have every picket arrested that passed his plant, He has on numerous times pointed out various pickets to the uniformed police and caused their arrest, He has been the biggest factor in supply- ing strike-breakers to members of his association. Not only has he supplied the strike-breakers, but he has also furnished sluggers and “dicks” to the various bosses in the strike zone. He has been a frequent visitor at Judge “Dennie” Sullivan's court. All these facts can be verified at the headquar- ters of the International Ladies’ Gar- ment Workers in Chicago. Thruout the strike “Naujienos” has published news items which were nothing more than translations of the Chicago “Tribune” and. the Hearst papers. It has tried to hide its true self and motives by a barrage on the expelled militants and the active trade-unionists in the Chicago Feder- ation of Labor, who have demanded and urged \he support of the entire Chicago labor movement towards winning this strike. But it has now dropped its mask and has come out openly in support of the garment manufacturers and today it is lined up with the most vicious anti-union elements. And, yet, “Naujienos” has the audacity to call itself a working class institution! Not First Offense. This is not the first time that “Naujienos” has supported the bosses in their drives to smash the unions and lower the standard of living of the workers in America. Om August 30, 1919, the following ad appeared: “Wanted: Laborers to do work outside of city to take place of the strikers. Good wages, steady work, free board, room and fare. Open all day and Sundays, 630 N. Saga- mon St.” During the winter of the same year, while the Cincinnati garment workers were on strike, they pub- lished ads for strike-breakers. In 1920, during a butchers’ strike in Chicago, they printed another ad appealing for strike-breakers. In 1921, when some ladies’ gar- ment workers were on strike in Chi- cago, they printed a scab ad. Dur- ing the summer of the same year, they printed an ad looking for strike- breaking nNchinists to work in the Belt Company. Amalgamated’s Condemnation. In 1922, they carried an ad for strike-breakers for a firm on Wabash Ave, One of the members of the So- cialist federation, Kaniauskas, an- swered the ad and started to work in the shop. The Amalgamated Local No. 269, heard of this and brought him before the trial board. His action was condemned and members were arned not to answer the ads in ‘Naujienos.” * During the same year, a strike of the surface and elevated lines took place. They carried the ads of the elevated company urging readers to use the scab-manned lines. appeared calling for finishers and pressers for 62nd streets. Expert Strike-Breakers. Not only have they carried the ads for other scab concerns, but they also have had two strikes of their own em- -ployes and have used scabs to break the strikes. February, 1921, they had a strike of the entire plant. The workers de- manded recognition of their unions and a more humane handling by the business and editorial staffs. During the month of August of the same year, they had a second strike on their hands of the workers. This time the workers demanded that “Naujienos” stop their anti-union agi- The Lithuanian the ‘‘Naujienos’’; Work for the Bosses Is. Exposed! By VICTOR A. ZOKAITIS. The Socialist Party has, since the expulsion of the left wing, degenerated more and more into an open organ of the employers, fighting the workers in every industrial dispute. The malicious, dirty, slanderous lies of the Jewish Daily For- ward are now equalled by the strike-breaking activities of the which is published in Chicago. This yellow sheet is the organ of the Lithuanian Socialist “Naujienos” has‘carried on a consistent fight against the class-conscious workers in every industrial dispute. During the present International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ strike in Chi- and representing the most vicious bosses thru their newspaper. Achieving “Socialism.” The Lithuanian federation has but a mere handful of members, yet it is able to publish a daily newspaper, be- cause its heads have evolved a new method to attain the “co-operative commonwealth.” They organize a number of companies, sell shares, and then the companies go bankrupt in some mysterious manner, . The Universal Chemical Co., incorporated in Delaware, for a $1,000,000” with its main office in Chicago, the Kujol- Bingol Company and a numbet of others are examples of how they are achieving their “goal.” Not only have they created com- panies for their own use but they also have carried the advertising of Har- rington, Appel and other individuals who are now either fugitives from the law or who are on trial for defraud- ing the workers with their Ponzi schemes. ‘ cat eda One of their latest schemes was the attempt to get the Lithuanian work- ers to turn over their hard-earned money so they could exploit some mysterious so-called concession in China, Full-page ads were carried telling of vast deposits of gold, platinum, silver, lead, oil, etc., etc. But thanks to the Communist press, the workers were warned in time and it proved a dud. In Law-Suit With Stockholders. “Naujienos” at present has six cases in the law courts with its share- holders, It has instituted a loan as- sociation at present and undoubtedly this will go the same way as the other companies which have been organized by them. This is the kind of socialism that its being peddled out daily to the Lithuanian workers. : These are the tactics of the social- jsts in America. They are not only the allies of the capitalist class, but they are also competing with the capitalist class in their attempt to amass wealth, Australian Labor Hoists Red Emblem In Lenin’s Honor (By The Federated Press) ~ SYDNEY, N. S. W., April 7.—All sections of the labor movement thru- out Australia passed motions of condolence at the death of Lenin, At the union halls the red flag was at half mast, The Labor Council of New South Wales carried the following motion: “We knew of his strenuous fight against the entire fcrce of capital- ism thruout the world, notwithstand- ing the opprobrium and calumny launched against him since 1917. Ie vigorously maintained the working class state, which in itself is a bea- con light to all the workers of the world.” The Australian Workers’ Union, the largest industrial union in Aus- tralia, while in annual conference at Brisbane declared: “This convention herewith places on reford its pro- found regret at the death of Nicolai Lenin, president of the people’s com- missars, and its high appreciation of the genius, self-sacrifice, and un- remitting labors of thie true com- rade of the workers in the cause of the working class movement.” The Melbourne Trades and Vabor Council declares: “This council places on record its appreciation of his great work and velf-sacrifize on behalf of the people of Russia, in obtaining for them their emancipa- tion from czardom’ and oppression \the trades ; hop located at Wood and| Brisbane, Adelaide, Perth and Ho-{ pounds, thus making the grand total b by unions and labor coun-|of raw materials exported by the and winning for them the right of working out their own destinies in accordance with their own desires.” Similar motions were carried by and labor councils at thruout New Zealand. uperior, Wis. April 7.—The bitterest campaign known in northern Wisconsin ended in victory for Mayor Fred A. Baxter, indorsed by the Trades Assembly and practically all union locals and progressive clubs. ‘Baxter was elected by a majority of 1601 over his réal estate opponent. There were 11,833 votes cast, making fa new record. . © NO CHEER FOR FRENCH PATRIOTS IN SAINT JOAN French Sold French Maid to English By LUDWELL DENNY. (Stafl Correspondent of Federated Press) NEW YORK, April 7.—An unin- tentional farce interlude was played on the Empire theatre stage here when a group of French women who missed the point of the play, tried to use Bernard Shaw’s satire “Saint Joan” for propaganda purposes. After the third act of the play, which ridicules the French for burning a heretic and canonizing her after she can cause no more trouble, Mme, Carle Polifeme of Le Lyceum society of French women in America, ap- peared before the footlights. Officers of the society set the stage with large silk French and American flags and turned loose the patriotic jazz. When Mme. Polifeme had said her piece, Winifred Lenihan, the Joan of the play, was hauled on the stage. To the white-gloved ap- plause of Le Lyceum ladies, who bought half the orchestra seats to secure permission for the our-glori- ous-ally stuff, a little girl dressed as a French peasant handed Miss Leni- han a bunch of flowers tied up in the French tricolor. When the child re- cited a memorized French speech, Le Lyceum in the orchestra seats be- came almost hysterical with un- hyphenated patriotic fervor—for France. Lyceumites Play Asinine Role. Then the regular audience, most of whom had been taking a turn m the corridors, filed back to their seats, and the curtain went up on the Rouen trial scene. The Catholic priests of the Inquisition condemn Joan for heresy and arrange for the British soldiers to burn her, while the French mob gloat over the torture of their erstwhile heroine and savior. The epilogue depicted the return of the now sainted Joan to her inquisi- tors who have become her worship- pers, but who threaten to resign as worshippers unless Joan stays in her far away safe heaven where she be- longs. The purpose of the epilo; is to spell out the moral of the play for the more stupid members of the audience who miss the point of the preceding acts. But even this was over the heads of .the flag-waving Lyseumites. While the French ladies, petite and otherwise, were cavorting between the acts of C. B. S., the European mails brought to New York the copy of a letter by Shaw which might have been written to Le Lyceum. Shaw writes to the Paris journal Comoedia, in which a bitter controversy regard- ing the play is raging: Shaw’s Criti . “The real woman in Joan {s still as unpopular in her own country,” he reminds the French, “as she was when the Burgundians sold her to the English and the latter delivered her to the French church and the Inquisi- tion to be burned.” Shaw says it is useless to reply to French criticism. because the critic’s only answer is, I fought at Verdun. Shaw con- tinues: “T have educated London, I have educated New York, Berlin and Paris. It lags too far behind and I am too far ahead.” Russian Co-Operatives Make Big Progress During Past Year (By Rosta News Agency) MOSCOW, April 7—Tho the opera- tive plan of the “Centrosoyuz” (All- Russian Central Union of Co-opera- tive Societies) for the export of raw materials during the last working year provided for 1,480,000 pound sterling’s worth of flax, hemp, tow, codilla, raw hides, furs, bristle, horse hair, feather, and other exports, the actual figures exceeded the bees amounting to over 1,672,500 pounds. Moreover, the Siberian branch of the “Centrosoyuz”, during the specified period, exported to the East and thru the Karsk expedition (Northern route) various fur.and raw hide ma- terial to an amount of some 441,000 “Centrosoyuz” in the course of the last working year reach a sum of over 2,113,500 pounds. Awards $10,000 To Worker's Widow. .ELECTRA, Tex., April 7.—The widow and family of W. 0, om oil field worker, who was blown to piec: in a boiler explosion here, has re- ceived a check for $10,000 from the Texas workmen’s compensation board. IMPEACH COOLIDGE! LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ATTENTION! BIG PROTEST MEETING Against the Raids on the T. U. E. L. in Los Angeles March 1 THE MUSIC ARTS HALL 233 S. Broadway MONDAY, APRIL 14TH, 8 P. M. Auspices of the T. U. E. L. tation and efforts to break the unions in the shop. In both instances scabs were used to break thi ike, but the strikers won their demands due to their solidarity. Members of Open-Shoppers. In the open-shop directory for the year 1922, the name of this firm ap- ears on page 6, 23, 29 and 35. The Typothotee of which they were mem- bers is the open-shoppers’ organiza- tion in the printing trades, It has as its heads many men who were active in the Citizen's Committee, better known to the building trades workers the Landis Award Committee, ' forced to with- -shop aggregation when the workers in the shop and forced them out. UNCLE WIGGLY’S TRICKS A LAUGH FOR THE CHILDREN