The Daily Alaska empire Newspaper, April 19, 1951, Page 1

OL. LXXVI, NO. 11,788 * ®ALL THE N . JUNEAU, ALASKA, MacArthur Defends | L1. Gen. Van Fleef Takes Over it Sy Lt. Gen. Maithew B. Ridgway, (left) new supreme commander Far East, and Lt. Gen. James A. Van A Fleet, new 3th Army commander, salute the colors during a change over of commands in Korea (April 14). Ridgway relinguished field command of the eighth army and flew to Tokyo where he replaced * Gen. Douglas MacArthur, displaced April 10 by President Truman. ) Wirephoto via radio froc Tokyo. PROTECTION PROGRAM IS " GIVEN Now s Design—a fo Combat Communism Also Pro- fect Pacific Islands WASHINGTON, April 19 The administration has laid down | ‘a three point “program of action” gesigned to combat Communism in sia and protect the Pacific Jands. The plan was outlined in part #resterday by President Truman. In filling in detail last night, Secre- tary of State Acheson urged the na- tion to “hold a steadfast course in Korea” and steer clear of any idea of extending the conflict there. Acheson’s Plea Achesonn made this plea on the @ve of the arrival of Gen. Douglas MacArthur., MacArthur was reliev- ed of his Pacific commands when he President decided MacArthur’s licy views were not in accord with his own, Acheson said last night, in a speech to the Women's National Press club, that if there is any widening of the Korean fighting the Kremlin and Red China must be deld responsible. “The American people will never choose this course,” he declared. (Continued on Page Two) ‘Thé Wésiiilifiion | Merry - Go- Bound By DREW PEARSON pyright, 195}, by Bell Syadicate, Inc., WASH:NGTON.AL is symbolic that Douglas MacArthur has twice g'ldden up and down Pennsylvania ‘Avenue on historic occasions, each time under unpopular Presidents, and each time when the principle of civilian versus military govern- ment was at issue. The first time was nearly 20 years ago under the Hoover admin- istration, when a cautious, timid President had been so slow in handling a group of veterans lob- bying for a bonus that exireme ‘military measures were finally used to evict them. The second time is today under a President with more courage than caution, whose injudicious ut- terances and precipitous actions have brought his administration to the same low stage of unpopularity ' %s Herbert Hoover's. Significant also may be the fact that MacArthur’s previous advance sdown Pennsylvania Avenue, behind tanks and cavalry, drove a decisive " (Continued on Page Four) is- Respeded | Stalesman Passes On Senafor Vandenberg, 67, Dies at Home After Lingering llness GRAND RAPIDS, Mich, April 19 —IM—Sen. Arthur H. Vandenberg, one of the United States’ most re- spected statesmen, is dead at 67. The Michigan Republican, a for- eign policy expert whose advice and leadership were sought by the heads of both major parties, died last night in his sleep after several years of illness. He had undergone several major operations in the last two years. Vandenberg’s death at his home here meant the loss of one of the founders of the United Nations and one of Congress’ foremost advocates for bi-partisan , unified foreign policy in thecold war with Russia. Democrats Gain It also undoubtedly meant a gain for the Democrats in the Senate. It falis to Michigan’s Democratic Governor, G. Mennen Williams, to name b successor to Vandenberg, whose distinguished career spanned 23 y in Congress. » Williams reportedly has four pos- sibilities in mind—former U. S. Sen. Prentiss M. Brown, UniVersity of Michigan law professor John Dawson, former Michigan Attorney General Stephen J. Roth, and Noel P. Fox, head of the Michigan La- kor Relations Board. With Vandenberg's death the Democratic majority in the Senate Lecame 49 to 46. The expected Democratic appointment will make it 50 to 46. Had Major Operation With the Senator’s death was disclosed a story of his self-sacri- fice in the nation”s interests. Dr. A. B. Smith, who cared for Vandenberg during the long illness, said complications of the sickness following the major surgery caused Jdeath But it was only after death that Vandenkerg's family disclosed that he had had a heart ailment for 25 years and that he postponed a ne- cessary lung operation for close to a year—irom the fall of 1948 to Ociocber, 1949. TRUMAN’S TRIBUTE _ WASHINGTON, April 19 —@— President Truman today mourned the death of Senator Vandenberg (R-Mich) as the passing of “a patriot who partisan advantage and personal in: terest to the welfare of the Nation.” Vandénberg’s independence, the President said in a statement, “cost him dearly in everything save honor.” always subordinated | s ANTI - TRUST CASE BEFOR JURY TODAY ANCHORAGE, Alaska, April 19— (®— The trial of Anchorage taxicab operators charged with violating government anti-trust laws went to a Federal Court jury in mid-day yesterday. Twelve hours later, with the jury still out, observers reported: “It looks like a long wait.” During the prolonged trial, the government charged that nine in- dividual taxicab owners, two cab companies and two 'cab associations had fixed prices to eliminate com- petition. The charges were denied by the defendants who said the Anchorage city council and officials at nearby military bases were responsible for setting rates. % L JURY DELIBERATING ANCHORAGE, April 19 — (A—A Federal Courl jury considering the case of Anchorage taxicab operat- ors charged with anti-trust law vio- lations reported at 10 a.m. today it had not been able to reach a verdict. after nearly 24 hours of deliberation. Foreman Guy Wilson .told U. 8. Judge Anthony Dimond the jury was_willing “and physically and mentally able” to continue its at+ tempt to arrive at a verdict. Judge Dimond urged the venire- men to return to their deliberations. Some of the jurors appeared hag- gard and weary as they came into the courtroom this morning. Under Alaska law, they must remain in the jury room until a verdict is reached or they are discharged. The case went to the jury at 11:20 a.m. yesterday, Alaskan Elected fo Board Directors of Newspaper Editors WASHINGTON, April 19 —(®— The American Society of News- paper Editors elected four new members yesterday including its first from Alaska — Robert B. At- wood of the Anchorage Times. The society’s board of directors acted at a closed session preliminary to the annual meeting of ASNE starting today. Nearly 400 newspa- per editors will attend the three-day sion. The board also awarded ASNE's honorary “distinguished service” membership to Richard J. Finnegan, recently retired as editor of the Chi- cago Sun-Times and formerly an active member of the society. * y ALLIES TAKES POWER DA REDS R Gen. Ridg—way Warn: Troops War Threat Immi neM-BreiAny Time By Associated Press On the Korean Central front Al lied troops launched a limited at- tack north of the newly Hwachon power dam and re r on the East-Central front in North Korea. The Allies seized the big _hydro- electric grid Wednesday aftér Re who had defended it stubborn! days slipped away to the north. Thousands of Allied Doughbo poured into the dam and reservoir area. United Nations riflemen struck north from Hwachon at the w lend of the reservoir. They traded fire with an enemy group of undis- closed strength but later withdrew. Reds Pull Back Chinese Reds pulled back all along the Central front in the mountain- ous area west of the reservoir. Rain, smoke and haze made air observation impossible. But United Nations ‘troops patrolled aggres- sively far ahead of their lines in those craggy heights without opposi~ tion. There was no official explanation for the sudden Red pullback that permitted the Allies to take over s ) - for | were still open. The dam is 880 feet long and 250 feet high. It backs up water for 11 miles and once was a major source of power for Seoul, Allied troops seized Hwachon at the western end of the reservoir Wednesday without a fight. Hamhung Blasted The enemy-held North Korean port of Hamhung was blasted by Allied Navy carrier planes. They dropped 170,000 pounds of high ex- plosives on the town. Lt. Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway in- specting Allied troops at Sendai, Japan, warned: Ridgway’s Warning “We stand under the imminent threat of war which can be unleash- ed at time and place of choosing of other people.” Assistant Secretary of the Army Earle Johnson, who accompanied Ridgway, emphasized that the ouster of MacArthur did not mean any change “in our attitude and de- termination to stop Russia and all the aggressive tactics of the dictat- orships.” New Defense Plan Australians received as good news the réport that President Truman had directed his key men to work out a defense arrangement among the U. S, Australia and New Zea- land. Such a defense pact, to be modeled after the North Atlantic treaty, has long been advocated by the Australian government. Secretary of State Dean Acheson gave some details of the defense pact plan last night in outlining a three-point “program of action” designed to combat Communism in Asia. Frozen Fish from Alaska in Slump On Seattle Market SEATTLE, April 19—(®—Receipts of frozen fish from Alaska and Brit- ish Columbia last week were the lowest so fat this year, the Fish and Wildlife Service said today in its summary of fish receipts, Because of this seasonal slump, total receipts of fresh and frozen fishery products during the week were 874,847 pounds, a decline of 66 per cent from the previous week responding week of last year. FLAGS AT HALF STAFF WASHINGTON, April 19 —(P— Flags at the capitol weré:at half staff today — MacArthur Day — be- cause of the death of Senator Van- denberg. . JUNEAU YACHT CLUB Meeting in Iris Room, Baranof Hotel — 8:00 p.m. Thursday. 788-1t but 30 per cent more than the cor-| THE TIME” MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS ASKA EMPIRE PRICE TEN CENTS Far Eastern Strategy of [CAGO, April 1 9—(P—Heavily ed in black, the following two notice appeared among the ments in the Chicago Tri- Respect to the Memory of . Douglas MacArthur 0 Was Politically Assassinated the Democratic Administration, e will Be Closed il Day Thursday. . R. Gardner Co. ferchandise Mart, Chicago 54. ( i lights, acArthur in dshingfon \“WASHINGTON, April 19, —P— 'Washington put its best foot for- rd for Gen. Douglas MacArthur y and nearly tripped him with | & The throng of “Vips” — very fmportant people — immediately around the big transport plane in which he flew from San Francisco came very near to getting out of hand. The .returning General got separated from his wife and son, Senators’ hats were knocked askew, an honor guard of soldiers dre in ceremonial blue was just x:dlost in the shuffle. ‘contrast, the thousands of or- dinary citisens up in tront of the military air port terminal were eordial but orderly. As Gen. and Mrs, MacArthur stepped out of the Bataan and down the ramp to- gether, heavy applause and hearty yells of welcome eehoed from the hulking hangars nearby. “Speech, speech!” called out one of the spectators. But the crowd seemed content—and chéered again—when the five-star General waved a friendly greeting. A hundred yards in front of the terminal, however, the scene was a curious blend of football scrim- mage, theatrical first night and county-seat dog fight. The crowd of Vip's surged and jostled without apparent reason. Searchlights glared on the mob scene around the plane, and photographers’ flash bulbs flicked on and off like king- size fire-flies. An attractive brunette in a wheel- chair brought one of the few Am- erican flags seen at the celebration. But' a dixie die-hard rushed for- ward with the Confederate stars and bars and nearly succeeded in planting it on the long tan-topped limousine the White House, fur- | nished to carry MacArthur to his hotel. Confad with Sub Reporfed; Little PORTSMOUTH, Eng., April 18— (A—A rescue ship made contact to- day with an object which might be the submarine Affray, trapped on the bottom of the English Channel, but the Admiralty said it had little hope any of the 75 officers and men aboard were still alive. FROM ANCHORAGE Mae L. Severson of Anchorage is stopping at the Baranof Hotel. e @ 0o v . v 0 00 ‘WEATHER REPORT Temperature for 24-Hour Period ending 6:20 o'clock this morning In Juneau — Maximum, 49; minimum, 33, At Airport — Maximum, 50; minimum, 24. FORECAST Continued fair tonight and Friday. Lowest temperature tonight near freezing and highest Friday near 52 deg. PRECIPITATION @ (Past 24 hours ending 7:30 a.m. Joday City of Juneau — None; 8ince April 1 — 17.27 inches; Since July 1 — 66.20 inches. ‘ At Alrport — None; ! Since April 1 — 254 inches. Since July 1 — 3839 inches. ® 0 000 00 00 90009090 pee®coce 000000 o000 000000 00 WASHINGTON, April 19 —(®— Democrats joined Republicans to- day in praising Gen. Douglas Mac- Arthurs speech to Congress. There were some dissents. Initial reaction: Senator Morse (R-Ore): “General MacArthur delivered an exceedingly able address. However, it definitely proved President Truman’s case that General MacArthur so thor- oughly dlugr;ed with the foreign policy of the United States that his dismissal as commander in the field was necessary, It is now the duty of Congress to examine our foreign policy not only in Asia but through- out the globe and determine what checks if any it should exercise in accordance with its constitutional powers: . . . . " Senator Edwin C. Johnson (D- Colo): “There was little that the general advocated with which any good American could disagree.” Senator Flander (R-Vt), a mem- ber of the Armed Services Com- mittee, said the only possible issue was whether Russia would go to war if the MacArthur policies were fol- lowed, and added: “So far as I'm concerned that is a justifiable risk. I'm willing to take it.” | House Majority Leader McCor- mack (D-Mass): “He presented in a very masterful way his viewpoint. Most of it everyone could agree with. The one serious thought that we all must have in mind is that & commitment tota war in, q;lu Vice President Barkley said he thought it would be inappropriat” for him to comment. EXONERATION FOR MacARTHUR, BONUS MARCH IN 193 \ WASHINGTON, April 19 —(P— |ate yesterday General | MacArthur was not responsible for any of the casualties in Bonus March riots in Washington in 1932, Smith placed in the record a letter from Patrick Hurley, then secretary of war, which the senator said made clear MacArthur's role in the affair. MacArthur was Army Chief of Staff at the time. The senator said Army troops un- der MacArthur succeeded in stop- ping the casualties being inflicted on the bonus marchers and in bring- ing the rioters under control. (In relation to the above, read Drew Pearson’s Washington Merry- Go- Round in today’s Empire). 'ADDRESS OF GEN. IMacARTHUR NOT UP, Hope _Expressed* STATE DE_PARIMEIT WASHINGTON, April 19 —(P— The State Department said today it has made no request to General Douglas MacArthur for advance look at his speech to Congress. Technically, MacArthur come§| under a presidential directive that military officers and government officials must clear with the State Department public ‘statements bear- ing on foreign policy. But Reginald P. Mitchell, clear- ance officer, said MacArthur had ‘not submitted the speech and the department had not asked that he submit it. STOCK OUGHATIONS NEW YORK, April 1 — Closing quotation of Alaska Juneau mine stock today is 2%, American Can 110, American Tel, and Tel. 153%, Anaconda 41%, Douglas Aircraft 103%, General Electric 54%, Gen- eral Motors 53%, Goodyear 77%, Kennecott 75, Libby, McNeill and Libby 9%, Northern Pacific 38%, Standard Oil of California 46%, Twentieth Century Fox 20%, U. 8. Steel 44, Pound $2.80%, Cagadian Exchange 94, Sales today were 1,510,000 shares. Averages today were as follows: Industrials 264.92, rails 83.30, utili- ties 4241, J Senator Smith (R-NJ) told the Sen- | despite my understanding that from Douglas a military standpoint, the above COMMENT ON |General Makes Fighting Speedh TALK MADE, (At Joint Meeling of Congress; MacARTHUR|Shows No Rancor in Defending Himself; Applause Breaks Qut By RELMAN MORIN | WASHINGTON, April 19 —(P— Gen. Douglas MacArthur, restrained | but - jut-jawed with defiance, de- fended his entire Far Eastern strat- egy inj a dramatic speech before Congress today, asserting that he had believed his views were fully shared by “our own joint chiefs of staff.” It was a fighting speech, all the way. WILD APPLAUSE It drew wild applause at many points, MacArthur was interrupted more .than 30 times by cheering. d at the end, just before the general said “goodbye,” tears were runping down the cheeks of many of his listeners. ‘The members of both the Senate and the House heard MacArthur. The joint chiefs of staff, MacAr- thur's son — a dark, wide-eyed elf of a boy — and many of his gen- erals in the Pacific war, sat beneath the dais*where he spoke. His wife was in the gallery. ¥ No Retreat | MacArthur retreated not an inch from the pattern of Pacific defense he has been advocating for many months — & set of policies that fin- ally brpught his abrupt discharge by, order of the President, . war, and not to extend it to other countries, States His Case ‘The collision, plus the fact that MacArthur had made public state- ments of policy, caused his dismis- sal, and brought him to Wash- ington today to staf case, This appearance was the climax’ of a series of tremendous receptions in Honolulu, San Francisco and in the Capital. The galleries were com- pletely filled long before he appear- ed today. Mrs. MacArthur, with three wo- men friends, slipped into a seat in the White House gallery about 15 minutes before he appeared. She was observed and cheered. A moment later, his young son, escorted by Col. Anthony Story, pilot of the general’s plane, came onto the House floor and was seated just to the left of the dais. Rising Ovation MacArthur entered at 12:32. He received a rising ovation from ev- erybody present, Republicans and Rt & v il b He reviewed, and re-advocated the main points of that strategy again today. And then, in a voice that al- most broke with his own emotion, he said: Severely Criticized “For entertaining these views, all professionally designed to support our forces committed to Korea and to bring hostilities to an end with the least possible delay and at a saving of countless American and Allied lives, I have been severely criticized in lay circles, principally abroad, views have been fully shared by practically every military leader con- cerned with the Korean campaign, including our own joint chiefs of staff.” Core of Defense These words, the core of his de- fense, seemed to strike like a thun- derbolt. For the briefest instant, the pack- ed chamber, floor and gallery was silent. Then a deafening ovation exploded. Republicans and most of the spectators leaped to their feet, cheering and stamping. It was al- most a full minute before MacAr- thur could continue. He stood, motionless as a statue, his freckled hands gripping the sides of the dais where his manu- seript lay. He did not look at the members of the joint chiefs, just below the .| platform. ‘When he was able to continue, he said — and his voice dropped lower —“I asked for reinforcements, but was informed that reinforcements were not available.” Then he said he “made clear his belief that Chinese Communist air bases had to be destroyed,” that “the friendly Chinese force of some 600.- 000 men on Formosa” should be used, and that . the China coast should be blockaded. Indecisive Campaign Otherwise, he said, “we could hope at hest for only an indecisive cam- paign with its terrible and constant attrition upon our forces if the enemy used his full military poten- tial.” MacArthur said he had called for new political decisions to adjust policy to the fact of Red China’s en- try into the war. “Such decisions,” he said, “have not been forthcom- ing.” ' He continued, with great deliber- ation: Denies “War Monger” “Efforts have been made to dis- tort my position. It has been said in effect that I was a war monger Nothing could be further from the truth.” There was the nub of the whole great controversy. In previous speeches, President Truman, and Gen. Omar Bradley, chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, had asserted the administra- tion aim to localize the Korean neither rancor nor bitterness.” He spoke with great deliberation, and smoothly. Once or twice, to emphasize a point, he would repeat a phrase. At some passages, a faint glow of emotion came through the measured cadences. As he said “I now turn to the Korean conflict,” a rustle of antici- pation ran through the house. , MacArthur said, “While I was not consulted prior to the President’s decision to intervene in support of the Republic of Korea, that deci- sion, from a military standpoint, proved a sound one.” Réviews Early Stages A burst of applause stopped him. He swiftly recalled the early stages of the Korean campaign, and said victory was within grasp when it was snatched away by the entry of the Chinese Communists. It was at that point, MacArthur said, that new decisions were required and they “have not been forthcoming.” He denied that he had advocated attacking metropolitan China with “our ground forces.” “While no man in his right mind would advocate sending our ground forces into continental China, and such was never given thought, the new situation did urgently demand a drastic revision of strategic plan- ning if our political aim was to defeat this new enemy as we had defeated the old one.” Four Points of Action The general then reiterated the four points he has voiced before, actions to be taken against the Chinese Reds. They were: * 1. “The intensification of our economic blockade against China. 2. “The imposition of a Naval blockade agaifist the China coast. 3. “The removal of restrictions on air reconnaissance of China’s coastal area and of Manchuria. 4. “Removal of restrictions on the forces of the Republic of China on Formosa, with logistical support to contribute to their effective oper- ations.” No Appeasing China Observers noted at that point that MacArthur did not propose the ac- tual bombing of Chinese bases. But a moment later he used the phrase, “to destroy the enemy built bases north of the Yalu.” His voice took on a Yaint edge (Cuctinued on Page Two) STEAMER MOVEMENTS Baranof scheduled to sail from Seattle Friday. Denali scheduled to arrive from westward Sunday enroute south. Princess Louise scheduled to ar- rive from Skagway at 7 a.m. Friday, sailing south half hour later at 7:30.