The Daily Alaska empire Newspaper, August 9, 1945, Page 1

THE DAILY ALASKA EMPIRE “ALL THE NEWS VOL. LXV., NO. 10,035 ALL THE TIME” OCIATED PRESS PRICE TEN CENTS JUNEAU, ALASKA, THURSDAY, AUGUST 9, 1945 MEMBER ASS RED ARMY OPENS DRIVE ON JAPANESE Another Atomic Bomb Dropped NAGASAKI IS TARGET FOR NEW WEAPON Crewmen Who Dropped Mighty Missile Say Results Good By Murlin Spencer GUAM, Aug. 9.—The world’s most | destructive force—the atomic bomb —was used for the second time against Japan today, striking the| important Kyushu Island city of Nagasaki with observed “good re- sults.” More than one bomb may have been dropped in this second attack| and it might have been of a differ- ent size than the first one which | destroyed 60 per cent of Tiroshima.|| The carefully worded communique said only that the second use of the atcmic bomb had occurred, leaving | (- to speculation all other details. | | The bomb was dropped at noon,; Japanese time—about nine hours af- ter Tokyo radio reported Red Army troops had backed up Russia’s de- claration of war on Japan by at- tacking enemy forces in enstern“ Manchukuo both by land and by, micBomb I_)'iaigraméd 7 Afo SINGLE URANIUM - ATOM LD Electisns -/ ( Negative) =0\ Center OF Aton Is Positive Charge Colled Protons ! / * Estimated Total Aanhilation Area Of This Atomic Bomb - -At Least Ten | Times As Great AsFrom 11-Ton Bomb The top drawing shows in its most rudimentary form the uranium | 'WAR MOVE IS HAILED ~ INMoSCOW Declaration of War Brings Quick Developments All Over (By The Assoclated Pr;lll Russia’s declaration of war against Japan tocay brought quick develop-| | ments in both Allied and enemy camps as the Soviet Red Army was thrown into the balance against her old enemy a few minutes after mid- night today. b In Moscow, columns of singing men were cheered as they marched, through the streets, fresh from vie- tory in Germany—headed for the| last battle to “liquidate the last den of aggression,” Japan. Interior Dépl. p Given Going Outlook Now | Good onTwo ' Prime Roads Delegate Bartlett Looks for Much Benefit from Committee Visit Alaska’s Dele—gxw Congress, E. L. Bartlett, arriving here last eve- In Washington, observers noted that Russia has now gained a seat’ at the Pacific peace table and there may be far-reaching diplomatic and territorial implications. | | ning as a member of the House Com- mittee on ‘Perritories, predicted ecrly action on two main road pro- Jjects for the Territory. Prospects are ‘“exceptionally good” be sald, for the opening of the Huines Highway through to Fair- atcm, used in the new atemic bomb. The 92 electrons are held in Lendon quarters hailed the Rus.‘bamks for public use under United olicies Are Over Before (ongressional (ommitfee Twelve congressmen, comprising | the Committee on Territories of the House of Representatives proved responsive listeners here this morn- ing as spokesmen of the Juneau Chamber of Commerce presented problems requiring congressional solution which are now impeding the development of Alaska. The Department of the Interior bore the brunt of attack from wit- nesses, Juneau Attorneys R. E. Robertson and H. L. Faulkner both outlining abuses of power in the policies of Secretary Ickes' admin- istration. Stressing that large capital in- vestments are the prime requisite of Alaska development, Faulkner deplored the “persistent campaign” conducted by the Secretary of the Interior, on down through the whole line of his underlings against “absentee ownership.” The | feeling against development of Al- aska by “outside capital” that is | reflected in the policies of Secre- tary Ickes and his subordinates in Alaska, “is not held by bona fide Alaskans,” Faulkner emphasized, RUSS ATTACK ENEMY ALONG WIDE FRONT Soviets Come fo Grips Again with Old Enemy -Gains Reported LONDON, Aug. 9—The Red Army invaded Japan’s puppet state of Manchuria on a wide front today along the eastern, western and northern frontiers, overrunning deep Japanese concrete defense belts, crossing both the Amur and Ussuri Rivers and capturing a number of important frontier towns. The Soviet high command announced this tonight in its first communique of the Russian war with Japan. Advances up to 14 miles were magde in the invasion over the fron- itier of Japan's empire, Simultaneously, American Army commanders in China disclosed that | 3__gyperforts carried out a suce American Air Forces had been|cewgiyl atom bomb attack on Na- striking for a month at Japanese | gagaki, southern Nipponese port. routes of withdrawal from fore- 4 Allied warships, Tokyo report- knowledge of Russia's intention Lo ed, shelled the stesl city of Kam- {Join the Pacific war. |aishi on northern Honshu. 4 The Russians struck in a pincers| The Russian declaration was ef- |action apparently intended to trap|fective at midnight. |the cream of the Japanese land; Before dawn, Tckyo reported, Red forces, the Kwantung Army in aimics were driving in Manchuria at Manchuria. The Red Army crossed 'puints roughly 800 miles apart. ,the frontier on the east from the| The greatest Soviet forces pourod maritime provinces,. and on the cut of the Vladivostok area, smash- west from the area of Trans- ing into Japan's finest army at MANCHURIA IS INVADED - BY SOVIETS Claim One Million Russifi Troops Now Face ° Japs on Border . By Leenard Milliman (Assoclated Press War Editor) i Invading Russian Armies, 1,200 American and British carrier planes, and a second atom bombing attack brought Japan its worst day of the | war today, . In rapid succession: 1—Red Army columns opened & sigantic pincers drive on Northern Manchuria a few hours after Mos= |cow declared war on Japan, the Tokyo radio said. |2—Unchallenged, 1,200 bombers and: fighters swept over the entire north- ern half of Honshu Island, “The mainland of Japan.” Baikalia and Outer Mongolia. points aleng a 300 mile Tront reach- Much Delay In the sector east of Lake Baikal g from Hunchun to Hutou. Speaking on the administration the Russlans oyercame fierce Tho other arm of the pincers |of the Public Domain in the Terri- | cnemy resistance and stormed and Which .could bite off the entire air, and while four other Japanese cities still burned from round-the- clock B-29 incendiary and demolition attacks. 'sian declaration of war as a step States control and maintenance. He )| which will hasten the end of the/also forecast construction possibly | conflict. and as “proof of the solid-|to begin by next year, on a Turn- arity that exists between the prin-j#gain Arm causeway and connecting 1¥ystem of roads for the Kenai Pen- their orbit by the attraction of the positive electrical force in the center, czlled protons. When this atom explodes, (top right), it divides into two ccinplete atoms of different chemical element. Lower drawing shows a rough estimated comparison’ between. the complete tory, Faulkner brought out that it Nagasaki, western Kyushu seaport and railroad terminal wath an esti- mated 225,000 population in its 12] square miles, was a far more im- portant military target. General Spaatz’ U. §. Army Stra- tegic Air Force headquarters said Nagasaki, with its houses jam- packed probably was even more vunerable to an atom bombing. Crewmen who dropped the mighty atom on Nagasaki immediately flashed “good results” via radio to Spaatz’ headquarters. Immediately before issuing his Na-| gasaki atom bomb communique,; Spaatz had reported that 402 Super-| forts carrying 2,300 tons of incen-| diaries and demolition bombs had| achieved excellent results in attack- ing four other major targets yes- terday and early today. Three Superforts were lost. Additionally, 78 Mustangs and Thunderbolts from Iwo struck four| airfiglds and other targets in thej Osaka area yesterday. The Washingion Merry - Go- Round By DRFW PEARSON Lt. Col. Robert S. Allen now on active service with the Army.) i WASHINGTON — Just after the German armistice, Truman’s war | advisors drew up a set of rules for .the governing of occupied Ger-} many. Embodying the hopes of| mankind to kvcep Germany from ever again waging war, it was one of the most carefully prepared | documents ever placed before any President. After being OK'd by Truman it was ‘sent to Gen. Eisenhowur, and plans were made by Assistant Sec- retary of State Clayton and other interested agencies to publish it. President: Truman also gave his OK for publication. However, something happened. Cables were quickly exchanged be- twu:n: Washington and SHAEF and the order for governing Germany, then known as JCS 1067 (Joint Chiefs of Staff Order No. 1067), was withheld from publication. Other government officials who favored publication were concerned that the “soft peace” cliqu> inside the War Department and” their big business friends wére sabo- taging the order. The clique be- lieves Germany must be built up as a buffior state against Russia. Many U. S. industrialists with factories in Germany and friends inside the War Department are also anxious for a prosperous Germany. And an order which is not published is not always carried out. So JCS 1067 was withheld from demclition area of an 1l-ton British “earthquake” bomb and the atomic bemb. Public’s Jitters About Effect of Atomic Bomb. Not Juslified by Facls (tual reported performances of the By HOWARD W. BLAKESLEE (Associated Press Science Editor) NEW YORK, Aug. 9.—The jitters now spreading concerning the perils | of the atomic bomb are not justified, either by the official facts from | Washington or by the scientific re-| cords of the discovery. | It is a scientific fact that the| energy in the complete explosion of | one pound of uranium could blow the Empire State building 20 miles into the air. g It is possible, as unofficially re-| ported, that 11 pounds of uranium | are used in the present atomic| bomb. | But it ‘also appears certain, from| the scientific records up to the time of the blackout, from the ac-/ | pemb and from Washngton's offi- cial descriptions, that not all the uranium explodes. A Scientists started with an explo- sion which released less than one per cent of uranium'’s explosive pow- er. It is unlikely that they have done much, if anything, to increase that percentage. ‘They would not need to increase the percentage to show the effects reported from Japan. Uranium atoms, it will be remem- bered, split in two, to produce the atcmic - explosive power. Splitting in two, a thing that scientists call fission, is entirely different than havxlng the whole atom explode. (Canl-blued on Page >T;o) supposed to govern occupied Ger-; many do not have a full blueprint of how Germany shall be occupied. For instance, order 1067 specifis that Germany shall have no higher standard of living than her sur- rounding neighbors. Yet France, Belgium, Czechoslo- vakia now complain that Germany is prosperous while they are suffer- ing. Meanwhile, Gen. Wade -Hai- | slip and Robert W. Grow, just back from Berlin, testify to the quick recovery and general prosperity of Germany. Believing therefore, that one of our chief objectivis is to prevent Germany from ever again plunging the world into war; and believing this depends on our present and future treatment of Germany; finally believing that every Amiri- can contributing to the war is en- titled to know the exact blueprint for governing Germany and how it is being carried out, this column hereby publishes the essentiali por- ticns of that blucprint—JCS 1067. Since the order is long, space for- bids complete publieation. But the essential portions follow in this and a future column. L A CONQUERED NATION “Basic objectives of Military Gov- ernment in Germany.” German economy and made chaos and suffering inevitable and that the Germans cannot escape respon- ' sibility for what they haw: brought upon themselves. “B"—Germany cupied for the purpose of libera- tion but as a defeated enemy na- tion. Your aim is not oppression but to occupy Germany for the purpose of realizing certain import- ant Allied objectives. In' the con- duct of your occupation and ad- ministration you should be just, but firm and aloof. You will strongly discourage fraternization with the German officials population. “C"—The principal Allied ob- jective is to prevent Germany from ever again becoming a threat to the peace of the world. Essential steps in the accomplishment of this objective are the elimination of Nazism and militarism in all their forms, the immediate appr:hension of war criminals for punishment, the industrial disarmament and demilitarization of Germany, with continuing control over Germany’s capacity to make war and the pre- paration for an eventual recon- struction of German political life on a democratic basis.” * % % DENAZIFICATION | | cipal Allies.” | j In the Aleutian Islands of Alaska, rervicemen long denied front line action today awaited expected de- ‘velopments in the North Pacific theatre and formidable land, sea and | air forces under Vige Adm. Frunkf' Jack Fletcher stood ready to lend! support wherever it might be n!ed—f ed. | There was a possibility fighting' might break out between Red Army Kamchatkan forces and Jap naval and armed forces in the northern Kurile bases are only a few miles apart. Air blows by the 11th Air Force based in the Aleutians have reduced the, Japanese forces in the Kuriles to a! minimum and the islands are ripe for invasion. The Japanese ambassador to Rus-| sia, Naotake Sato, and his staff were confined to the gardens of the Jap ‘embassy today and smoke from the| chimneys suggested the burning of ‘nmclal papers. H From Manila comes a report from a Jap officer prisoner of war who claims that lately some of the Japa-| ncse officers thought Russia would enter the war — on Japan's side, insula and Homer area. is “almost {mpossible” fo obtain the’ | aptured the fortified zone of, in Dy Bk, e o | use of laids from the Department of Interifor. Laws providing for | patenting of ground are “largely being circumvented,” he averred. “There is too much delay without reason,” in securing title to mineral rgreunds from the Land Office. Although commending the gen- Delegate Bartlett was likewise en- thusiastic over the interest being taken in the problems of the Terri- tory by his fellow committee mem- bers cn their present trip. They are open-minded and want to hear about Alaska, he declared, So far the in- vestigation has been very success-| ...) " pyministration of National ful. Forest lands by the Forest Service Alaska should benefit greatly from! ;"o Territory, Faulkner cited as their obtaining first-hand knowledge ;0 gnecific bar to Iarge pulp de- of the Territory, the Delegate de'\velopmenl.s in Southeast Alaska the clared. What they see and hear c,o"4yot there 5 no appeal from will give them knewledge on which to Islands, where Jap and RUSS ;e their decisions of matters con- | cerning Alaska that must pass through their hands back in Wash- ington. the Secretary of Agriculture’s dis- cretion in the re-pricing of stump- | age charges at five year intervals,' |under the present form of contract | E T 5 Tn the aren of Lake Buir the HunChun. Russians also captured Ji=Jon| Tckyo sald both drives were sup- !Sume and Hoshoin Sume without Ported by small numbers of afr- meeting strong resistance, it was blanes. Other Soviet aircraft raided ! announced, “|important cities in both Korea | “The Red Air Force meanwhile Minchurla, including Rashin and lbombf,d the principal railway cen-lmlrbm' ¥ Iters: of Manchuria—Harbin, Hsin-, “Sharp fighting is now in progress king and Kirin—and the ports of D all arcas invaded by Soviet forces” Sheitsin and Rashin, the com-!Tckyo radio said. munigue said. ! The Red Army was attacking sy 1 SR PR Jepan's préud < IIwadtung army, !whese officers have long supplied Nippon’s war-guiding, ruling mili- tary elique. The Soviets were believed to have 2 million men deployed along the border. The Japanese have an es- ! imated 2,000,000 combat troops - in CUESTIO | Elimination of differentials through' ) More favorable word concerning Provided. the issue that has arisen over Fed-| .o msked . apecifically for eral pay differentipls was also| Z:]s D& by Federal statute for appeal brought by the Delegate. Progress' O ;:dcourts from decisions of has beeh made since the issue first, féderal department heads. breke out of a clear sky, he said.! Robertson Talks Robertson concentrated his at- executive order was almost a “fait| tack on the recent decision of Sec- accompl” before it came to light at| all, he declared, having been push-| ed forward to a very advanced stage by the Army and Navy without con- sultation with other Federal depart- ments. Since the matter has come out in| the open, not all the other depnn-' (Continued on Page Five) PETERSON SAYS TRANSPORTATION pro- | ments have been found in sympulhy‘ with elimination of differential pay, |Mr. Bartlett said. However, too |much had already been dcne to be which was evidently the line Japa- nese official propaganda has been | taking. IS BIG NEED HERE NEED FOR ~ INVASION SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 9.—Vice Every fighting center in the Pac- ! Adm. Danfel E. Barbey, commander | l{ic—Guam, Pearl Harbor, Manila, lof the U. §. Navy’s Seventh Amphib-| Chungking, Adak—heralded the de- |ious Force, said here today that “the claration as shortening the war and nced for an invasion of Japan may | Promised cooperation. inow be regarded as questionable.”, Japan, now hopelessly surround- Befor» returning to the Pacific|®d. Was hit by the first waves of |where he organized 58 major lang-| Allied carrier planes at dawn. |ing operations, Admiral Barbey said __Admiral Halsey's unchecked Third 1it was “inconceivable” that the Japa- Ficet and coordinated British carrier nese leaders would permit the anni- forces made ‘“probably the noisiest hilation of their people by continued #PProach to enemy shores in naval i resistance. history,” Associated Press War Cor- | - respondent Al Dopking reported, | Manchuria, North China and Korea. Close ccoparation was indicated between the fighting forces of the | Soviet Union and the four other big ;powers who asked her to join the | war. will not be oc-’ and | First mission of the American Far Eastern Air Force in support of their new ally was carried out this morn- ing when leaflets printed in Japa- nese were showered on the Jap pop- ulations. Dropped a few hours after ywar was declared, the leaflets ex- ploded a bomb of psychological war- fare. ,Chiang Kai-shek wired Premier Sta- sia’s - declaration of war ngumstI Japan. ” Also from the Chinese capital came word of a conference between Lt. 'Gen, Albert C. Wedemeyer, com-| 'mander’ of U, 8. fgfees 'in the China| theatre, and Russian ~representa-| tives. It was understood that Rus-| ,sia’s intention to participate in the| war against Japan had been known' to high Amerfcan officers since the| Teheran conference and that de- tailed plans for smooth coordination had bzen worked out in advance. e - VISIT SISTER HERE ! Mrs. T. A. Allen has as her gur-st‘ her sister, Mrs. Mary Gangler, of | Seattle, as well as her brother and wife, Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Shoul- speedily undone. Delegate Bartlett plans to accom- pany the Committee on its entire Alaska tour, then Territory until the House resumes and he has to return to Washing- ety Wi He declared that the Committee auspicious beginning to the investi- insight into local Alaska conditions. The Kake visit yesterday was re-included on the Committee’s itinerary after having once heen stricken. STOCK QUOTATIONS quotation of Alaska-Juneau Mine stock today is 6%, American Can| 99, Anaconda 327%, Curtiss-Wright 6%, International Harvester 84, 26%, Northern Pacific 28%, U. S. Steel 68%, Pound $4.02%. Sales today totaled shares. Dow, Jones averages today are as follows: Industrials, 164.55; nrails, 57.79; utilities, 32.56 ~A ey remain in the! Committee Chairman Im- pressed with Alaska- | learning Much ! From his early impressions of | chairman of the Committee on From Chungking Generaltsslmojlltlnfl trip, and, though no formal Territories of the national House ® hearings were held at Petersbuwrg of Representatives, gave his opinfon |y, "~ oo lin his “sincerest admiration and|80nd Wrangell, conversations there that the principal need of Alaska 964 ski most profound gratification” at Rus-|8nd at Kake had helped to give the js adequate transportation. | Congressmen The - congressman commented strongly on the fact that his com- Apparently reflecting recent critical expressions by commenta- (feels the relatively small amount jof money spent for the trip has been “well spent.” Of the 15 members of the com- icisions to make regarding the deal about Alaska and the Terri- $4,000,000 IN SEALSKINS IS - - TAKETHIS YEAR ! hearing at Ketchtkan"had proved an' Alaska, Rep. Hugh Peterson (Ga),! | ST. PAUL, Pribilof Islands, Alaska, 9.—~Completion of the annual 1 kill with the taking of 76,~ ns with a processed value of 'approximately $4,000000 was an- nounced today by Federal Fish and Wildlife officials. The kill fell 3,000 30,000 skins, The Alaska Department of the ,in the Bering Sea, scene of the fur sealing activities. The GI sealers, all Aleuts who liv- ed in the Pribilofs before entering nearly ali had neyer before seen only animal killed since the United not l'm'm;Aluska. he stated. Yet, every day|States, Great Britain, Russia and down ch any his committee has important de-|Japan agreed in 1911 to end indis- tions. criminate slaughter. Rights of when the war started, and since | blasting away in daily practice with ! their antiaircraft guns at sleeve tar- gets. | Nevertheless, the Japanese were !apparently caught by surprise as ihomt‘en\ and fighters swept over the entire northern half of Honshu. | Alrdromes and railways were pri- mary targets of their rockets, bombs 1and machine gun bullets. ¥ e 5 JAPYOLCANO mittee had to approach the Terrl- ghort of the goal, but was nearly| I ; | tory on two Canadian ships. 'double last year's low figure of tors regarding congressional travels, Army aided the sealing expedition as| ADAK, Aleutians, Aug. 9.--Long Rep. Peterson justified the current it has the past two years, by send-|dcrmént Ohikura Dake volcano on |Alaska investigation by his com- ing a small detachment of soldiers Paramyshiro in | NEW YORK, Aug. 9 — ClOSINg yittee by stating that he already to St. Paul and St. George islands|I:landh was reported by Army and Japan's Kurile Navy pilots teday to be erupting [20,000 Fect in the air. | Fhe mile-high peak is three miles from Kahumbatsu airfield on Para- of air, ground and sea operations Kennecott 37%, New York Centl'nl‘lmmee—three of whom are making scrvice, are experts in culling the mushio and within 15 miles of two a separate roads investigation — 'seal herds for three-year-olds, the Other airfleldls, but the pilots did whether lava was rolling the enemy installa- There are two other volcanoes on Territory. We are learning a great Japan were automatically abrogated the island, one of which is active, — .- JOE KELLER ARRIVES “a"—Proclamation dissolving Nazi tory can expect what we learn to be ! then skins have been divided among | Joe the public. Actually, it still re- mains President Truman's official order to Gen. Eic:nhower. But with the order secret, officers and men I “A”—I¢t should be brought home to the Germnns_ that Germany's ruthless warfare and tke fanatical Nazi resistance have destroyed the' Party, its formations, affiliated as- saciations and supervised organiza- (Continued on' Poge Four) \ 2 | tes, of ' ‘Everett. Arriving together| lon the Princess Norah Tuesday two weeks with Mr, and“Murs. Allen. DOUCETT IN TOWN William Doucety, of Seattle, has —_____|night, they plan to spend about' arrived in Juneau and is a guest at the Baranof Hotel. On behalf of his colleagues, (Continuea on Page Five) reflected In congress, he declared,the remaining natons. Keller, of Seattle, a Skins are processed each year in|Yyesterday on an Alaska Airlines’ St. Louis, Mo, then sold to manu- | plane from Cordova and is a guest facturers at government auction. at the Baranof Hotel.