Cottonwood Chronicle Newspaper, February 8, 1918, Page 5

Peete so a aa LOSSES THROUGH SWINE DISEASES Cholera, Tuberculosis and Para- sites Are Drawbacks. SIMPLE METHODS ARE URGED Farmer May Avoid, to Large Extent, Decimation of His Herd by Epi- zootics—Sanitary Preventive Measures Are Favored. The greatest drawbacks to the hog industry that breeders in this country have to contend with are the losses through hog cholera, tuberculosis, and the infestation of the animals, espe- cially young pigs, by parasites. Were it not for the fecundity of swine their profitable production in the presence of these serious diseases would be out of the question. In the following re- marks on sanitation no attempt is made to go into the details of the dis- eases affecting hogs or their treat- ment. The object is merely to call at- tention to the simple measures which may be used by any farmer to avoid, to a large extent, the decimation of his herd by epizootics. Cleanliness and rational methods of management are relied upon by thousands of farm- ers to keep their herds in health and vigor. They are the marks of the good farmer and _ successful hog breeder. Hog cholera and swine plague, both highly fatal diseases characterized by fever and heavy mortality, are so very similar that the breeder may regard them as identical so far as his prac- tical management of the herd is con- cerned. Positive differentiation be- tween the two diseases can only be made by the most careful bacteriolog- Cholera Thrives in Surroundings Suoh as These. teal tests, and by employing the as- sistance offered by a fully equipped laboratory. However, sanitary pre- ventive methods which are found bene- ficial with one of these diseases will prove equally efficacious with the other. There are a few fundamental facts which the breeder must remember if he is to avoid losses through hog chol- era or swine plague. The first is that they are specific diseases caused by germs, and the contagion cannot be spread from one animal to another or from one herd to another except through the agency of these minute or- ganisms. They may be carried in a multitude of ways—by the hogs them- selves, on the clothing of persons, on vehicles, in feed, by birds, dogs, and other animals, or by streams. The breeding or feed of a hog cannot cause either disease, although bad methods may so weaken the constitution and vi- tality that the animal becomes more susceptible to them than would other- wise be the case. Since these dis- eases can only arise from the pres- ence of these specific causative agents, tt can readily be seen that dentition and the presence of supernumerary teeth or black tusks cannot, as has been suggested -by many, play any part in their development. A second fact to be borne in mind fs that dis- eases caused by germs may be best prevented or controlled by thorough disinfection and scrupulous cleanli- hess. Tuberculosis Increasing. Tuberculosis is rapidly increasing among hogs in the United States, and every owner of swine should be on his guard against the introduction of this serious malady upon his premises. Unlike hog cholera this disease is in- cidious in its attack and slow in its de- velopment, so that it may be present for months in a herd without exciting the least suspicion of the owner, and will be revealed to him only at the time of slaughter. Until recent years tuberculosis has been looked upon as of uncommon occurrence and only of importance from a_ meat-inspection standpoint; but today it must be rec- ognized as a serious menace to the owner of hogs, and especMally to the one who allows his hogs to run with cattle that have not been proved to be free of tuberculosis, or who feeds them upon nonsterilized products as part of their ration. As tuberculosis of hogs is chiefly contracted through eat- ing infected feed, the importance of this statement is obvious. Sociated with the same disease in cat- tle, the reason being: apparent when one considers the close relations of these two species of animals upon nearly every farm. Tuberculous cat- tle may scatter great numbers of tu- bercle bacilli with their excrement ; cows that are tuberculous may pro- duce contaminated milk that; is sub- Sequently fed to pigs; and carcasses of cattle that have died from tuber- culosis are sometimes eaten by hogs, Any of these conditions make the in- fection with tuberculosis of the hogs concerned a very easy matter. Sources of Infection. The feeding of hogs upon creamery refuse is also a very frequent source of infection. In this way the milk of a single cow with a tuberculous ud- der, if sent to a public creamery, may spread the disease to a number of hogs, and may also infect many farms that have never previously been con- taminated with tuberculosis. An equally dangerous source of in- fection is likewise observed in the methods which obtain among some of the small country slaughter houses. It is not unusual for these houses to get rid of their blood, intestines, vis- cera, and other inedible parts by feed- ing them to hogs, a herd of which is usually kept on the premises. This custom is pregnant with danger and serves to perpetuate the infection prin- ciple of various contagious and para- ie diseases, particularly tuberculo- sis. Hogs are also susceptible to tuber- culous infection from affected per- sons and poultry, but these sources are undoubtedly of far less moment to the hog owner than those existing in a herd of tuberculous cattle. Intestinal worms, lung worms, and skin parasites also levy a burdensome tax upon the profits of hog raising. Absolute cleanliness will be found val- uable in preventing and controlling these parasitic troubles, as well as the more serious diseases—hog cholera and tuberculosis. Prevention of Disease. In dealing with the diseases of hogs, preventive measures must be most re- led upon. The animals must be given dry and well-ventilated quarters, which must be kept clean. Contrary to com- mon belief, hogs have some habits which raise them above other domes- tie animals from the standpoint of cleanliness. For example, unless compelled to do so, a hog will not sleep in its own filth. If a part of the floor of the pen is raised and kept well | bedded with straw, while the rest is not, all excrement will be left on -the unbedded portion of the floor and the bed itself will be always clean. In addition to cleanliness close at- tention should be given to the feed, so that nothing may be fed that will con- vey the germs of disease, especially tuberculosis, to the herd. If the hogs are fed milk in any form ob- tained from cows kept upon the same farm, the cows should be subjected to the tuberculin test. If they run with the dairy cattle of the farm a tubercu- lin test of all the cattle is none the less desirable. Animals dead from any disease should not be fed to the hogs until the meat has been made safe by cooking. Skim milk or refuse from a public creamery should not be fed to hogs until it has been thorough- ly sterilized. Feeding and drinking places should be clean and the water supply pure. Unless the origin is known to be un- contaminated and there has been no possibility of infection during its course, hogs should not be allowed ac- cess to any stream. Wallows should be drained out and kept filled up as much as possible. At least once a month the quarters should be disin- fected with air-slaked lime or a five per cent solution of crude carbolic acid. These precautions will be found valuable aids in the destruction of the various animal parasites, as well as a protection from some more serious troubles. Advantage of Isolated Hog Houses. The advantage of isolated hog houses, each accommodating a few hogs, rather than one large piggery for the entire herd, has been referred to previously. In districts where cholera is prevalent these are undoubt- edly the best shelters. They make it more difficult to carry contagion to all animals in the herd, and the destruc- tion of one of them in case of an out- break does not entail a great expense. An added advantage is that they may be moved from place to place as need- ed. While more work is necessary in feeding, the convenience and safety from their use more than offset this disadvantage. Danger in Inbreeding. While inbreeding is the surest and quickest means to fix type, it should be resorted to with the greatest care. The value of the system is that it enables the breeder to intensify desirable char- acteristics in a herd end makes im- provement possible in a shorter time than where selection alone is used. It stands to reason that if desirable characteristics can be intensified, the same will be true of undesirable ones. Much of the disaster which seems to have followed inbreeding has probably been due to the fact that this point was overlooked or given only slight importance, and thus loss of vitality and constitution and susceptibility to disease have followed. Therefore if the young breeder contemplates in- breeding, he should avoid matings that tend to unite similar defects. Not only should care be taken to prevent this Oyster Shells Time is essential for hens to form egg shells, and the most satisfactory form of lime is found in them. Charcoal Is a good thing for bowel trouble, sour crop, indi- gestion. A health preser- ver. Fish Scraps Made from clean, sweet Halibut. Relished by fowls. Furnishing a clean healthy meat ration. Alfalfa Blossoms It’s food value is unques- tionably in the front rank of vegetable foods. Is al- Bone isa great egg pro- ducer. It also makes bone, muscles and feath- ers, and promotes health. so a good substitute for green food. | Gran’ted Bone Dr. Wesley F. Orr Office in Simon Building. COTTONWOOD, IDAHO. Leaves Physician and Surgeon | Contractor and Builder. Pacific and Nezperce Phones Grit Grit takes the place of teeth for masticating the food, which is highly im- portant and should be used. Oil Cake Meal Contains an abundance of oil, making it an ex- cellent conditioner. Meat Scraps Made of the best grade of commercial meat scraps. Properly prepared. It is high in protein and low in fats. JOHN REILAND Estimates furnished on any Class of Work. Repairing promptly attended to. Dr. J. E. Reilly DENTIST Nezperce and Bell ‘phones NUXOLL BLOCK Dr. J. E. Smith DENTIST Main Street - (One Door below Bake R. F. Fulton. Attorney at Law Probate and Real Es- tate Law a Specialty. at Grangeville COTTONWOOD | 3 Office in Bank of Camas Prairie Bldg Stock For Sale. Work horses, Shorthorn bulls and big-type Poland China hogs. Joseph MeDonald, Fenn. x We Pay More Bring us your jlling wheat. The government regulations include all Cottonwood | mills of more than 100 barrels daily capacity and we can pay more for grain stored in our elevator than else- where. We need the grain, so why pay handling charges to others. Keep this money in your own pocket. Cot- tonwood Milling & Elevator Co. Our Tip Top and Idaho Gold make more loaves of better bread than other Dr. McKeen Boyce GRADUATE LICENSED VETERINARIAN faction guaranteed. COTTONWOOD, IDAHO Calls answered day or night and satis- flours on the market, and do not need any phosphate or viker chemicals for whitening or raising the dough. Fresh Groceries A full line always on hand. Bring in your eggs, butter and lard. We H. H. Nuxoll NOTARY PUBLIC |See me for Real Estate Bargains Office in Nuxoll Block, Cottonwood pay the highest market prices. J. V. Baker & Son. TIP TOP FLOUR The flower of flours—the household flour—the pure-food flour. There is —DO YOUR— TAILORING CoTToNWwooD - IDAHO Let EUGENE MAUER highly nutritious flour. Light bread bread than other flour. than other flour not half as good. COTTONWOOD LOCAL each month at 1 p. m. RILEY RICE, Pres. F. E. & C. U. of A. Meets on Ist and 3d Saturday A. JANSEN, Sec.-Treas. FELIX MARTZEN in real estate and insurance In Rear of the Postoffice Will carefully look after your needs uniform and dependable. by good dealers and perfect bakers. Auto For Trade. of horses, cattle or other stock. have you to trade? Fred Lange. Milk Cows for Sale. Two fresh cows. Darscheid, Fenn. Pacific phone. LET CRANKE DO IT. in the animals mated, but there should be no chance of bad effects due to the inheritance of undesirable character- istics, from parents and other ances- tors. Some of the greatest work ever done in hog breeding has been based on these principles, and Idaho. Why? I conduct more sales than any other auctioneer in Washington Because 1| AN conduct them on business _princi-| . ples. Harry C. Cranke, auctioneer. Nezperce, Idaho. Don’t. Hens Lay More Eggs? none quite like it; pure and perfect; a and light work; makes one-fifth more Costs less | 8 Makes more and better bread; always Is bought | at rewiston, Idaho, January 21st, 1918. I will trade my Studebaker car for | to make five-year Proof, to establish claim to the What | Commissioner, at Grangeville, Idaho, on the Inquire of M. e7 05221-05537 You can save money by patronizing Your Because they are not fed a balanced ration. You are bound to get better re- sults if you feed your chickens regularly in proper proportion. Some of foods described below: Scratch Food Is a ready mixed complete food. A perfect working ration for fowls. Consist- ing of grain, beef, bone and charcoal. Chick Food Is composed of a great va- riety of grains and seeds cut to a correct size for little chicks. Fish Meal Has proven to be an econ- omical meat food. It is very rich in protein ina most valuable form. Egg Mash Supplies a demand for food to produce eggs in abundance. It contains no condiments or other harmful ingredients. Hoene Hardware Notice to Stockholders. The Cottonwood Light & Water Co. will hold its regular annual meet- ing of the stockholders in the city council room on Monday, Feb. 11, at 10 o'clock a. m. A full attendance is desired. Wm. Schiller, Secy. Land for Sale. A section—640 acres—of firstclass wheat land in Montana. Will trade for land in this country, Apply at this office. 6-9 * Wood for Sale Every Monday and Saturday, 4-foot wood at the junk yard. e8 T. Clark. Fresh Sauerkraut At Baker's store for 75ca gallon. Buy some. Cows for Sale T have seven fresh milch cows for sale, at prices ranging from $75 to $100. Apply to Henry Bosse, Cot- tonwood. e7 One 18-inch John Deere sulkey plow, in good shape. Inquire of Con- rad Bosse. ed Notice for Publication 05235 Department of the Interior, U. S. Land Office at Lewiston, Idaho, Jan. 2ist, 1918, Notice is hereby given that JUOZAS TAMASZAUCKAS, of Spring Camp, Idaho, who, on January 17th, 1914, made Homestead Entry, No. 05235, for SW NEI, Wi SEt. Sec 13, NW4 NE}, Sec 24, Twp 29 N, R 3 W, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of in- tention to make three-year Proof, to establish claim to the land above described, before H. W. Garets, U. S. Commissioner, at Grangeville, Ida- ho, on'the 2nd day of March, 1918. Claimant names as witnesses: Elva F, Goodwin, Vernetta B. Goodwin, Edward A. Knorr, Fancho Stubble- field, all of Spring Camp, Idaho. j HENRY HEITFELD, Register. Notice for Publication 03852 Department of the Interior, U. S. Land Office Notice is hereby given that WILLIAM A. MCMAHON, of Roles, Idaho, who, on March Ist, 1911, made Homestead Entry, No. 03852, for SWi SE%, Sec 20, St NE4 and NW% NE}, Sec 29, Twp 30N, R3 W, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of intention land above described, before H. W. Garets, U. 5. day of February, 1918. Claimant names as wit- nesses: William T. Platt, George E. Wright, ‘Thomas O. M. Swearingen, Ernest D. Lemons, all of Boles, Idaho. F 325 Henry Heitrecp, Register. Notice for Publication. Department of the Interior, U. S. Land Office at Lewiston, Idaho, January 2ist, 1918. Notice is hereby given that - VERNETTA B. GOODWIN, of Spring Camp, Idaho, who on January 23 and our advertisers. BONDED ABSTRACTERS Grangeville, - Idaho THE INLAND ABSTRACT July 16, 1914, made Homestead Entries Nos. 05221 and 05537, for SWi SW# Sec 2, NW4 NW} Sec 11, NEt NEI, Si NEi, NEt SEj and Si NW4 Sec 10, Twp 29 N, R 3 W, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make three-year Proof, to estab- . beets. Beet Pulp Is a course meal made from the pulp of su It is a splendid substitute for green food, and also supplies bulk, which is required to dis- tend the crop and _intes- tines, giving the bird a greater assimilating ca- pacity. : Ege Food Makes hens Jay when eggs are high. Makes oultry healthy. Can be ed dry or wet. Kaffir Corn - Makes a wholesome food. We carry brooders, incu- bators and other poultry supplies. See our windows Notice for Publication 05515 Department of the Interior, United Siates Land Office at Lewiston, Idaho, January 78, 1918, Notice is hereby given that ARCHIB B. DAVIDSON, of Spring Camp, Idaho, who, on June 3rd, 1914, made Additional Homestead Entry, No, 05515, for SE} NEI Sec. 20, S} NWi and NW# SW4, Sec. 21, ‘twp 29N, R2W, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make three-year Proof, to establish claim to the land above described, be- fore H. W. Garets, U. §. Commissioner at Grange- ville, Idaho, on the Sth day of March, 1918. Claimant names as witnesses: Elva Goodwin, Vernetta B. Goodwin, Fancho Stubblefield, Charles Crichton, all of Spring Camp, Idaho. 1 HENRY HEITFELD, Register. Notice for Publication 05561 Department of the Interior, U. $. Land Office at Lewiston, Idaho, January 28th, 1918. Notice is hereby given that FANCHO STUBBLEFIELD, of Spring Camp, Idaho, who, on June Sth, 1914, made Additional Homestead Rutry, No. 05561, for NE SW, S| NWi and St NEt,: Sec. 3, le 29 N, R3 W, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make three-yeat Proof, to establish claim to the land above described, before H. W. Garets, U.S. Commissioner at Grangeville, Idaho, on the Sth day of March, 1918. Claimant names as witnesses: Edward A. Knorr, Joseph Thomas. Vernetta B. Goodwin, Elva F, Goodwin, all of Spring Camp, Idaho. 1 HENRY HEITFELD, Register. Notice for Publication 05405-05489 Department of the Interior, U. 8. Land Office at Lewiston, Idaho, January 15, 1918, Notice is hereby given that ALFRED S. HOLLINGSWORTH, of Boles, Idaho, who, on May 16 and June 2, 1914, made Homestead Entries Nos. 05405 and 05489, for SE} SWi, SW SE, Sec. 12, E} NWtand NER, Section 13, Twp 29 N, R 2 W, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make three-year Proof, to establish claim tothe land above rs before J. Loyal Adkison, U.S, Commissioner, at White Bird, Idaho, on the 2)st day of February, 1918. Claimant names as witnesses: Clifford Powell, Herbert S. Boles, Oscar Hollingsworth, all of Boles, Idaho; William F. Harriman, of Jo- seph, Idaho. 518 Henry HEITrELD, Register. Notice for Publication 05570 Department of the Interior, U. S. Land Office at Lewiston, Idaho, January 15th, 1918. Notice is hereby given that EARNEY J, ADAIR, of Boles, Idaho, who, on June 8th, 1914, made Homestead Entry, No. 05570, for St NEt, Ni SEt, SWiSEt, NEL SW, S}SW4, Sec. 3, Twp 29N Range 2 West, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make three-year Proof, to establish al Adkison, U.S. Commissioner at White Bird, Idaho, on the 20th day of February, 1918. Claim- ant names as witnesses: William F. Harriman, Edward G. Wyatt, Henry J. Walz, Horris C. Henderson, all of Joseph, Idaho. jis HENRY HEITFELD, Register. Notice for Publication 05448 Department of the Interior. U. S. Land Office at Lewiston, Idaho, January ISth, 1918, Notice is hereby given that JOHN C. HALLER, of Joseph, Idaho, who, on June ist, 1914, made Homestead Entry, No. 05448, for SWi NW#, Nt SW4, Sec. 13, 5} NE¢, NWi NEt, N} SEI, Section 14, Twp 28 N, R2W, Boise Meridian, has filed notice of intention to make three-year Proof, to establish claim to the land above described, be- fore Register and Receiver, U. §. Land Office, at i daho, on the 20th day of February, mant names as witnesses: Jay 5. nfield, Idaho;. James H. Aram, Wil- Jesse E. Wells, all of Joseph, Idaho. HENRY HEITFRLD, Register. Why Tip Top is the Best Why is Tip Top and Idaho Gold flour better? Because it is made of clean sweet wheat properly blended Idaho, on the 2nd day of March, 1918. Claimant names as witnesses: Edward A. Knorr, Juozas ‘Tamaszauckas, Faucho Stubblefield, Elmer Pow- ell, all of Spring Camp, Idaho. § is HeEnky HEITFELD, Register. and milled under absolute cleanliness, and does not contain any injurious in- gredients, claim to the land above described, before J. Loy- . ant: ats aR ANE: