Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 16, 1881, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, OCTOBER _16, 1ssI_TWENTY PAGE ‘distort their purple faces with frowns and 1 Which a Close Reader May Reach a Conel —~ Neither Water-Wheels nor Wine-Presses Win BY MAIL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID. ly edition, one soar. -* $12.00 Parts ofa er mont ly snd Sune 7, Tho! onda; , Wedne: Sunday, ne year. day. und Saturday. per year iy, and Friday. per year... page edition, per YCAT....-+-0 Sunte. - ¢..Rebiinances may be made either by draft, express, -ost-Ofice order, or in rezistered letter, at our risk. fete t yeh LO OTY SUBSCRIBERS. {Re Dally, delivered, Eunday excepted. 25 cents per week. | Dally, delivered, Sunday Included, 20 cents per week. “Address: °° *THE-TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-ets., Chicago, 111. oie ——_—_— OSTAGE. “Forthe beneftot\nur patrons who desire to send coplesof THE TRIBCNE throuch the mall, we ith the transient rate of postaxe: 2°*-"Forelon and Domestic. fourteen pace paper..2 1d twONtY pace paper. fents-four puze Paper. —_ Per Cony. cents. conta. cents. ‘receipt of subscripdions and udvertise- ents ns follo rer. CNTCAGO. TRIBUNE bas established branch £9 oftices for the NEW: ¥YORK—Room 2 Trilune Batiding. FT. Mo- 5 r GLASGOW,.- Scotland—Allan’s American News “Agency, 31 Renfieid-st. LONDON,* Enc.—American Exchange, 419 Strand. APOLLO COMMANDERY, NO. 1, } Conclave ‘Tuesduy evening, Oct “15, “YAN, RENSSELAER GRAND LODGE OF PER” petinn A A Seorten Rite Stasons. Rezular Asvempty : ursday ev next. By order oo Pee bo oR COUDALE, Grand Seertetary. ASHLAR LODGE. 308, A. F. &.A. M.—Rezalar mect- $ngdn their hall 76 Monroe-st., Tucsdi evening Oct. Heat Gu mewbore are requeniod. 10. be ine were present. Drax ANE, secretary. order ofthe W.M. “HOME LODGE, 415, 1:0. 0. F—Members of the ova lodge are nergbi nowtied 16 be, Tyesont nest wring. Special order of the evoning, Been oe SEW CHANDLER, secretary. LINCULN PARK LODGE. NO. GIL A. F. & A.M Members are hereby notlaed w attend an emerzent pommuntoation this (Sunday) atternoun at 1 o'clock ‘Sharp, to send the funeral of our late Brocher Gar- ++ fork Newsome. Carriages to Rosehill as evening, rder are cordially invited v2 attend. 4 ‘A. H. WHITE, Secretary. FAN'S LODGE. NO. 717, A. F. & A.M TS South igisted-st. Regular Communica- i, Uct, 1. «OF fmportant Work, members are requested to attend. Visit.ng brethren prdiey3 .. By order of me ly welcome... By ores ity FORBES, W. BM. ASHLEY, Secretary. {CHEVALIER BAYARD COMMANDARY OF michts ‘emplar.—Stated conclave at 8 p.m. on cnursdas, Oct, 2. Important business. Fall nttend- 0 ested. Br ft the speoreanested. ENT C. HANNEY, Recorder. {GHICAGO COMMANDERY, NO. 19. KNIGHTS PEMPLAR—Stated conclave Monday evening, Get. fiat 7200 o'clock, for business and work on tho“ Or- Ger pf the Temple.” | Visiting Sir _Knishts always Soh welcome. By order of ‘IL H. POND, E.C. “DAVID GOODMAN, Recorder. “SP. BERNARD COMMANDERY,. No. 3G. &. T.— iated Conclave Wednesday. Oct. 14 at 4o7elock p. Tm. "Work on the Order uf the Red Cross. Visiuing Sir Enichts are courteously Invied. By order of ep JOHN 1, M. CAM, Commander. 0. DICKERSON, Itecorder. ; TQORINTHIAN CHAPTER. No, 62 R.A. Rpecial Conclave Siondny evening. Oct 17, at $o'elock © Mignon te Murk and [net Master Yestoes. Ytstt : ‘are cordiuity invited, Isr order o Sag companions ae PPHUR WAMRINGTON, H. P. J. 0. DICKERSON, Secretary. TUSUNDAY, OCTOBER 16, 183. ?:Tae grand total of the Garfield fund is 957,851.” : Garr: GH. B. RippreseecEr, the Read- juster, “and Congressman George D.. Wise - hada duel about ten miles from Richmond. ‘“Wa., yesterday. Four shots were exchanged without either of the combatants being burt. ‘Mutual - explanations .followed, and the ‘honali” ofeach of the combatants was —_———— Tue receipts of cattle at the'Union Stock- SWards for the week ending with Saturday *“-yeached ‘the enormous total of $3,700 head. ~——O£ this number mere than 30,000 came from beyond the Missouri. As showing the cdpa- pilities of the Chicago market it may be men- “fioned that the entire supply was promptly disposed of, and that, too, without subject- {ng prices to any decline. They are %@1U4 cents higher than a year ago. Iris probable that the Senate will adjourn next Saturday, two days after the return of the President, Cabinet officers, and Senators from Yorktown. It is probable that no Cabinet nominations, except that of Secreta- ry of the Treasury and possibly Attorney- . General, will be sent to the Senate during ‘ ‘this session. It is understood that if Presi- v7 ee assures Attorney-General Mac- Veagh that.he may remain in the Cabinet * @uring the Presidential term that gentleman ‘will consent to remain. : ———— ‘Tue storm which raged in England and off the English coast: last Friday caused great _ destruction of life and property, Upwards * of fifty Berwick smacks were at sea, and it is feared that most of them were Jost. It is re- ported that twenty fishermen were drowned off Dunbar, and. that three pilots were drowned in the Tyne. Five persons were killed by the falling of a roof at Stockton-on- ~ Tees: The Bristol! steamer Cyprian, from ‘Liverpool for’ Genoa, was wrecked on the “Welsh coast, and twenty-two lives were lost. Several other wrecks are reported. ———— “ Dunrxe the Inst couple of days several persons have called at the jail where Guiteau is confined with the evident purpose of deal- ing sujamarily with the assasin. One of these persons, who is said to be a Chicagoan, . has been very methodical. He ascertained ‘when Mr. Scoville was in tlie habit of hold- ” "ing interviews with Guitean in the Warden’s ta office, ‘and timed his visits accordingly, so +. that he might have'a good opportunity to * dispatch the assasin as he returned to the cell. Owing to the vigilance of the jail of- ficials? however, he was prevented from even attempting to carry out his purpose. i ~ Tue merits of the civil-service system are . 1__t exhibited in the present contest for the Col- ‘ Jectorship of Customs in-this city. The in- cumbent has beena good official. No charges have: becn made against him. He has the confidence of importers and the business community. Yet it is generally assumed that he is to. be diswissed in December, for political reasons alone, and that a successor ig to be appointed who will be politically, not commercial'y, more acceptable than he is. ‘The candidates for the vacancy are a Jawyer, an editor, the owner of a livery-stable, and a eommission merchant. We do uot say that any of them is not qualified for the place. ‘The point is that none of them will be ap- jointed on account of his qualifications sole- and the person who gets the office, who- ‘er he may be, will not be. assured: of ‘@ permanent tenure in’ consequence of his o 00 01 Dall Sond nesdny 6. : day, 16 +: 2.00 F ~ ? WEEBLY EDITION—POSIPAID. One copy, per year. S 1-50 “tub or Bre... S'wonty-one copies. 00 &S5- Specimien copies sent free. £ :Give’ Post-Ofice address in full, including County fidelity or intelligence, or the‘favor of the businessmen which ‘he may succeed in xet- ting.. Political reasons will put the new Collector in, and-political reasons will turn him out. This is the spoils system pure and simple. In the language of Claude Mel- notte; the civil-service reformers say to the merchants of the Northivest: “How do you like tha picture??? ————— SEVERAL prominent Land-Leaguers were arrested in Ireland yesterday, among them being John Dillon, member of Parliament from Tipperary; Mr. Willian O’Brien, the editor of United’ Ireland, the Land-Leasue organ; Mr. James O'Kelly, member. of Par- nent for Roscommon, and at one time a well-known correspondent of the New York do so, is really the only matter of general importance reached ‘by tne statute. Judge Jameson defined this offense very accurate- ly as follows: “A party securing a contract forthe future delivery of some commodity: at his optioti, and then, by. engrossing the stock of suck commodity in the market, making it impossible for the other party to complete his contract except by purchasing of his adversary at his own price, or paying in cash the difference fixed by such adversary.”? This judicial definition of a corner is in the Jine of Tue ‘Tnrpuxe’s previous descriptions, and it is precisely what the parties known 1s “the Cincinnati clique” did with wheat for Angust delivery, But the trouble about punishing people who engage in this unlaw- ful business is found in the disinclination of Herald. Mr. Forster, the Irish Secretary, has issued a proclamation threatening with arrest.all persons who participate in }boy- cotting.” ‘The arrests and the proclamations seem to have had little effect on the agitation so far, At a meeting held in Belfast yester- day, attended by 3,000 persons, ineluding twenty priests, a general strike against rent was advocated. A similar meeting was held in Limerick. Several outrages have been reported during the past few days. Wrrnour invading the privacy of Senator Edmunds’ domestic life it will be impossible to decide when or how he coined that felicit- ous and ferocious phrase about “the prize in the lottery of assasination.” With- out pretending to have exclusive sources of information, Tae Timpusr will vent- ure the opinion that che lay awake, at night thinking about it; and the exact words came to him ina moment of inspira- tion, The smooth, round pebble which the youthful David picked out of the brook was nothing to this dreadful missile. It laid the Democratic Goliath low, and was as good as ever when it had done its work. _Mistory does not record what became of the pebble, but history isn’t going to be equally neglect- fut of Senator Edinunds’ slungshet. We should have enjoyed seeing the Green Mountain Senator’s eyebrows and noting their elevation when the performance was going on. Tre present Sheriff of Cool County. is probably not insensible of the fact that a good many complaints have been made of the manner in which his office has been managed.. Without investization it would be unjust tosay that these complaints are well founded. Tie TRwuNe does not assert that they are.. But they areof anature to require some attention. ‘fhe complaint of the law- yers is the most important. It is that the Bar does not get as good service from the Sheriff's office now as it did during the official term either of Sheriff Hoffmann or Sheriit Kern. ‘The government of the jail is said to be not so eflicient as formerly. ‘The collection of delinquent bail bonds has been notoriously slow and inadequate. There have been also sowe irregularities in the conduct of the Dall + presentations” and testimonials of various kinds being specially improper and offensive. It is not said that Sheriff Mann himself has been unwilling to hear complaints or to’ rec- tify errors when they have been pointed out, but that there has been a certain looseness in the business administration of the office, and that things are not as they should be. We call the attention of the Sheriff to these mat- ters because we are convinced that he desires to go out of office with a record as good as that of his predecessor, John Hoffman, who js admitted universally to have been the best Sheriff Cook County ever had. The Repub- fican party is still in debt to Mr. Hoffman for the strength he gave it in the fall campaign, and it would be happy in November, 18S2, to confess a similar load of obligation to Sher" iff Mann. ——_—— CORNERING THE MARKET: sTOP If. The substance of Judge Jameson’s charge to the grand jury concerning illegal opera- tions on the Board of Trade was telegraphed from Chicavo, and “has attracted considera- ble attention in other cities. It may not re- sult in the Indictment or punishment of any of the parties who haverecently combined to corner the wheat, oats, and other markets on the Chicago Board of Trade, because the necessary evidence may not, and probably will not; be presented to the grand jury; bat it will have -the effect to increase public agitation of the criminat character of cor- ners, and help prepare the way for reforming these practices altogether. For instance, the New York Mail, under the title “Cornering a Crime,” makes the following comments: Judge Jameson produced a sensation on Tues- day while enurging the grand Jury of the Crimi- nai Court, Chicago. by citmg tne statute and in- structing the juryinen to consider any evidence they muy receive that {t bas been violated by graln gamblers, ang toact feurlesly and prompt- ly to vind:eate ‘the laws. Corners have been so frequent in Chicage and so injurivus to legit!- imate traffic that Some measure for their pre- yention is much to be desired. Jud:e Jameson spoke justly when be said: “The thing which we know asa‘corner’ in the. market might be HOW 10 bed as a process of driving unsus- rain. stock, und the like into t ving them of their purse is a species of robbery. but une whieh it is ditt cult to pumsh by law. ‘The Chiengo dispatch say's contidently that “the nefarious business of grain gambling is threatened with annihiladon here in fis own particular abode.” We shail not be so sanguine of such a result untilwe hear that some grain gambler has been fined or imprisoned under the statute cited by Judge Jameson. It is very difficult to obtuin evidence to convict rumseilers and common gamblers of violations of law, and it is likely to be still more ditticult to convict the authors of corners ot crime. ‘There is no doubt that there will always be great difficulty in proving the existence of a “corner” in the courts, since a “ corner” is in the nature of a conspiracy, which, as a rule, can only be established by the evidence of one or more of the co-conspirators whoin. juries are apt to discredit, ‘The Illinois stat- ute grew out of a very general conviction that corners were injurious to public in- terests, but it seems to be scarcely explicit enough to cover the ground and to lead to conviction. The statute is as follow: Whoever contracts to have or give to himself the option to sell or buy at 2 futureany grainor other commoaits. stock of uny railroad or other corpor:tion, or gold, or forestalls the tharket by spreading false rumors to intluence the price of commodities therein, or corners the market, or tries to do go in relation to any of such commud- ities, shall be fined not less than $10 nor mora than $1,000, or contined In the county jail not exceeding one year, or both.—Revised Statutes Mlinois, Chap. 38, Sec. 130. s Three offenses are defined in the above statute: (1) An option to buy or sell grain at a fut- ure date is prohibited and punished. But a contract to deliver, or a contract to take grain, at a future date at a certain price has been held by the courts not to constitute an option. The only transactions which seem to be covered by this term are the so-called “puts” and “calls,” which are privileges bought and sold to sell or to purchase so much grain within a certain period. These transactions ; are made to some extent, though not. recognized: by the Board of ‘Trade; but they are so inconsiderable of late that they do not affect the markets. A single conviction under the statute would suffice to put an end to them altogether. . penal offense when it takes the shape of “spreading false rumors to. influence the pric@of cotunodities therein.”- Forestalling originally meant something of the same nature as what is now understood by corner- ing, but the llinois statute has limited the significance of the term-to the spreading of injurious rumors—such as false reports of failures of the product of certain districts, ete. . (3) “Cornering the market,” or trying to s, the practice of assessing theni for + (2) Forestalling. the market is made a. the overreached speculators’ to “squeal.” ‘The Cincinnati men, for instance, made themselves péculiarly.obuoxious to the Chi- cago operators. Nevertheless, not one of the latter showed any’ disposition to appeal to the courts for relief. The -losers settled as best they could, and the matter was dis- posed of. ‘This is apt to be tho history of most corners. A swindling corner in oats had been carried out without public scandal just before the August swindling corner in, wheat. ‘ Where, then, is the remedy ? Itisudmitted to be a gross injustice and downright dishonesty to exact under a con- tract the delivery of a certain commodity when such commodity has been monopolized by and the whole supply thereof is in- the control or possession of the party making such exaction. Moreover,: there is great public injury in such aforestalling monopoly, for the fictitious and uflawful rise in price which results from cornering falls upon the actual consumers of the cornered ‘com- modity (or imay do so), who.are innocent parties and have taken no chances to win, or lose by the gambling transactions which have led to the corner. In addition to all this, the practice of cornering has a demoralizing effect on the entire community, forestalis the market by inducing the producers to. with- hold their supplies, and blocks the regular channel of trade. But what is to be done? We believe that the remedy is in the hands of the Boards of ‘Trade. Some time azo the Chicago. Board of Trade, recognizing the dishonesty aud injustice of corners, adopted aruledesigned to defeat the combinations for monopolizing any particular commodity and exacting settlements at fictitious prices. ‘This.rule provides that the authorities of the board shall fix a price for the particular period covered by the corner, and that this price shall be regulated by the ruling prices in other markets with the cost of transpor- tation dedueted. But experience has proved that this rule does not prevent corners. The reason is, that manipulations In our market affect the prices in other markets, and hence parties running a successful corner in our market can always hope to have such a price fixed under the’ rule as will yield them a handsome profit on their operations. ‘The Board of Trade must go still further if it desires to prevent such swindling transactions. It must decree that, whenever its Committee on Arbitration or other proper authority shall be convinced that any purchaser or combination of pur- chasers has seeured possession of the avail- ‘ able supply of a certain commodity. in a eertain market, then all contracts for the further delivery of such commodity to such forestallers shall be null and void. When- ever itis necessary for the seller to buy of the parties to whom he has sold in order to deliver the’ commodity he-has agreed to deliver within. the time specified in his con- tract, then it is evident that the market has been cornered, and such seller should not be required either to deliver or to settle the difference between the contruct price and the price which the monopolists demand. It isalways possible for the Board of Trade authorities to determine whether or not the market has been cornered. Infact, acorneris so manifest that it becomes’ matter of com- mon notoriety. Such a rule as we have sug- gested will do more than statutory penal provisions can to put a stop to the vicious practice of cornering, and to restrain over- speculation, of which even the Chicago Board of Trade. is beginning to complain. The board owes it to itself and to the public to adopt this treatment of injurious and unlaw- ful combinations to compel the delivery of what cannot be bought, er to pay a fine for not doing the impossible. ‘THE TELEGRAPE-WIBE ORDINANCE. We have already commented upon the action of the City Council in refusing to give permission to the Mutual Union Tele- graph Company to erect any poles, and making the right of admission to the city conditional upon the wires belng laid under- ground. This company announces its vur- pose todo evena larger business than tho Western Union Company, and will need, necessarily, as many wires and poles and a: many facilities as thet company. The ex- tent of the wires. now employed on poles in this city, and how far this incumbrance of the streets prevails now, can be seen at any tine. The Mutual Union asks permission to duplicate the wires and poles used by the Western Union, thereby doubling what has already become an_ intolerable. nuisance and a great public annoyance. The telephone companies, which are "at present comparatively in the infancy of their business, and who will want ten wires for each one of the other companies, are also complaining of the restrictions already im- posed by law on the erection of poles. The present ordinance forbidding the erection of any more poles, and requirmg that all wires shall be laid underground, was a wise and judicious measure, which had been too long delayed, and which cannot now be# repealed without abandonmg the streets Zerever to the present and all future companies which may ask to-Jay down wires in the-city, The action of the city was essential to the protec- ton of the public. The best way to xét rid of the nuisance was to first prohibit the erec- tion of any additional poles and thén require all new wires be laid underground, At had become apparent that the telegraph companies would never take any action for Jaying underground wires so long as they were allowed to add to the number of wires on poles. Pending the ordinance in the City Council the various companies hastily in” creased. the number of ‘their overground wires by employing large gangs of men erecting new poles and stringing new wires; this they did up to the very hour that the uew ordinance took effect. Since that time the business has increased, and though the companies have had six or eight months’ notice of the prohibition, noth- ing has been done toward laying wires under- ground. Since this ordinance was matured six months ago, the telegraph companies might have made all the preparations needed, and have had their underground cables laid. But they have done nothing of the kind; they have relied upon -the weakness of the Council and personal importunities of the Aldermen to. have fhe underground ordi- nance repealed, amended, or wullified. 1t is an ascertained certainty that no one of these telegraph companies will ever lay any underground wires so long as they: can obtain permission to string their wires along poles through the city. The duty of the City Council isa peremptory one. It must: ad- here to the law now. It must compel the companies to begin now to lay their wires underground. This is not a new thing suddenly sprung upon the. telegraph com- panies. ‘They haye had gnotice of this for years. The ordinancé of this, city. was en- ‘acted long enough ago’to enable all the com- panies to have had their underground cables constructed, Inid down, and: in use before this ‘time. <All pretenses that underground wires cannot be used -are idle.’ Wires laid underground in ‘ities are nothing new.- ‘They have been so used for years in all Eu- ropean cities, and will soon be so laid in all the cities of this country. Already the tele- phone and telegraph companies are laying their cables under. the streets and alleys of Philadelphia, where a law similar to that en- acted by. our City. Council is in. foree, and where the City Council refuses to suspend or modify it. ‘The request by the Mutual Union Com- pany for permission to erect: poles for their wires through the city is now-backed up by the Western Union Company, which asks that It be allowed to put_up ten additional wires overground, and the needs of the tele- phone companies are equally urgent. The City Council cannot suspend the law in one case without doing the same in all. The only safety is in‘firmly insisting on the execution of the taw, and in thus compelling all these companies to begin at once and lay their cables. Let them understand at once that the city will not permit any additional telegraph wires to be brought into the city unless they are laid underground. So long a8 the Council hesitates, equivocates, or de- lays, so long will it be importuned by peti- tions for special exemptions from, the law, and nothing will be done in the way of un- derground cables. Instead of allowing more overground wires to be erected,.the Council should now fix a day in the future after which the present poles and the.wires over and along the streets shall be removed, THE PROAARY SCHOOL OF CRIME . Aseries of events during the last three montlis have at last begun to make it appar- ent to even superficial observers that there is something so radically wrong with our soclal polity that if not corrected it will end insoclal anarchy. Theso events may be di- yided into two classes: Z z The first class may be called crimes of “deliberation,” the most prominent of which baye been the train-robberies in Missouri, followed by at least one similar attempt on a smaller scale in Illinois. ‘These, together with innumerable other instances of like ebiracter which. might be cited, indicate a rapid increase in tho growth of the idea of taking property by force. Of the second class, which may be called erlmes of “passion,” there has been an equally startling increase, and, from the as- sasination of the President down to the re- cent lynching of the horse-thiet at Bloo ington, these indicate the growth of the di ‘position to take personal revenge. The crimes against property are the first sympioms, and the crimes against person ouly the further develogment, or second stage, of a disease which permeates all our present social polity—viz.: the determination to have money. ‘*No matter by what means, get money!” is the principle now practically taught not only by society, but by the law courts of the United States. ‘The vast mass | of litigation now before the courts of every, grade shows that all suits at law are now only games of technicalities in which the man with, the longest -purse,-and therefore the man able to employ the best experts and keep up the fight the longest, is pretty sure to come out the winner. It is this principle in politics which formed a partisanship upon the basis of the “svoils system.” It was the “spoils system” that taught the assasin he had been wronged, and was therefore justifi- able in. Shooting the President. It, was the “spoils system’? carried out in the courts that taught the” Bloomington horse- thief that he was, first, justifiable in his hieft, and, second, in the assasination of his jailer to get aw: But in the search for the | primary school where the vicious principles i are taught that “success is the proof of right,” and that the result of lawsuits de- pends upon the relative skill of the contend- ing parties in. wielding technicall and which technicalities are mere abstractions, having no vital connection with the right or wrong of the real question at issue—in the search for the primary school where this sophistry is taught, we must go back of the criminal courts, we must go nearer the busi- ness community, and into the civil courts, to which men apply for aid in collecting their dues from dishonest debtors and to enforce the fultillment of contracts entered into in good faith. It is true the horse-thief, and the train- robber, and the assasin may. never have coine in contact with the actual operation of this sophistry in his own person, but ho forms his ideas of the administration of. law from what he sees in the business conmuni- ty. He sees men received into “ good socie- ty.” occupying high positions in the law, fill- ing Government offices, prominent in poli- tics, ete., who are known to have swindled their creditors by the technicalities of the law. He seesJudges on the bench intriguing for political influence as a means of further advancement, and, corporations repudiating and denying their contracts simply because they found that they were no longer profitable, Who can blame him if he comes to the conelusion expressed by the Bloomington mob ‘that “Law — is afaree”? ‘The coarser kind of criminal who steals liorses, robs trains, burglarizes houses, does notin the agerezate plunder one-tenth as much as the more intelligent “ robber of the law,” whose tools are its technicalities. ‘These are the real teachers of public morals, and this: is the school where outlaws are made by the maladministration of law, not in criminal courts, but inthe civil courts. Let any man of moderate means get into a chancery suit in the endeavor tw make a cor- poration fulfills contract, and how long will it be befure he will come to the conclusion that the decision of the law favors the side on which there is the most money, and con- elude, like the mob, that ‘ Law is a farce” ? AUTHORSHIP-OLD AND NEW. A writer in the Boston Herald has been at some pains to stow that modern publish- ers are as slow to. discover signs of genius, to say nothing of talent and culture, in the manuscripts of unknown authors as were those of an earlier age. Carlyle was snubbed, and Thackeray had his manuscript “ chopped up” by the editor of the Edin- burg Review. Prosper Merimée “had his plays returned with thanks by all managers and publishers until. he put them forth as translations from’ the. Spanish. of a once famous actress,” after which vious fraud they “took like wildfire.” The popular French novelists Gautier and Feuillet were compelled to appeal to the public over the heads of publishers, and Alphonse Daudet had the mortification to have the most at- tractive work he ever wrote refused by sev- eral journals. * Jolin Murray, the famous London publisher, refused the manuscript of Motley’s “ Dutch Republic,” and Carlyle had to beg fora publisner for his “ History of the French Revolution,” and soon. This seeming reflection upon the intelligence and literary judgment of modern publishers may after all be unjust. They know that it is not the fashion to read the works of strangers, and they publish to make money, not to inculcate morals and form literary taste. Disraeli, in his ‘Curiosities of Liter- ature.” says: “There is such a thing as literary fashion;-and prose and verse have been’ regulated by the same caprice that cuts our. coats’and cocks our hats.” He adds: “Dr. Kippis, who had a taste for lit- erary history, has observed that.‘ Dodsley’s: Economy of Human Life’ long reecived the most extravagant applause upon the suppo-’ sition that it was written ‘by a celebrated no- bleman.” Scores of similar works followed, simply because it was the fashion to read Dodsley’s work;.and it was the fashion to read it not because of-any merit it possessed, but because of its supposod authorship. Fortunately it is no Jonger possible to make outa case of hardship in behalf of authors. The public is on the lookout for genius—nay, it if ready to recognize and adequately compensate literary talent. The young and unknown author may be snubbed in the beginning, but if he is capable of writing anything worth, reading he is almost sure in the end not only to obtain recoe i. tion, but to receive fair pay for his literary wares. It was notso among the ancients. Until within a hundred years the litterateur was almost always. a depyndent, if nota super. Me was either a sycophant cooling his heels in the ante-roouis of the palaces of |. the great, or, if bold and original, a “*sus- pect,” in danger of the dungeon. In.either case he was fortunate if he did not quite starve,and in the latter ease lucky if he didnot lose his head. At theage of 70 Dryden, “ worn out with study, and oppressed with fortune,” contracted to supply the -bookselier “with ten thousand verses at sixpence a.line”’! JIume’s fame only began to dawn as he en- tered the dark valley of the shadow of death. is life was a series of literary disappoint- inents and seeming defeats, and he was only able to write of himself two years before he died: I begin to see many symptoms of my literary reputation breaking out at last with additional. lustre, though I know that L can have but few years to enjoy it”? Henry Carey, a poet. of no- mean genius, a poet whose songs and music were household words all over England during his life, was so reduced by penury and want that, in de- spair, he committed suicide, and, “ when found dead, had only a halfpenny in his pocket.” Cervantes, whose fame is immortal, wanted food; and Camotns, whose great epic in cele- bration of the glories of Portugal wiu live forever in. literature, was driven from his native Jand by ingratitude, banished from India for satirizing governmental abuses, and finally-reduced to such abject poverty thata servant begged bread for his support in the streets of Lisbon. But this was not degradation enough, and he perished a pau- per uva hospital; aud ina note to the first edition-of the “Lusiad”? the evidence of the miserable death of its author is preserved’in the language ofa friend: “Isaw him die in an hospital in London, without having a sheet or shroud to cover him.” ‘Tasso “ was obliged to borrow a crown for a week’s subsistence.” Te is represented as invoking “the Justre of his cat’s eyes” as a light by whieh to write verses, since he was tuo poor to afford ‘the Inxury of a candle. Vaugelas, a distinguished Freneh writer, “Jeft his corpse to tho surgeons for the bene- fit of his creditors.” While giving. audience to Racine and Boileau one day, Louis the Fourteenth asked “ what there was new in the literary world.” Racine answered that “he had seen a melancholy spectacle in the house of Corneille, whom he found dy- ing, deprived of a little broth!” Simon Ockley, after having devoted his life to Asiatic researches, ‘dated the preface to his great work from Cambridge Castle, where he was confined for debt.” Grotius wrote his commentary on Saint Matthew in prison; and De Foe commenced his Review, a period- ical paper which extended to nine volumes, in Newgate. But the calamities of authors, an account of which the elder Disraeli com- piled with so much ‘pains and so admir- ably, belong to a -former age. They form a touching episode in the his- tory of literature, but appeal only faint- ly to the sympathies of the present fencration of authors, who nave to fear neither the rack nor the dungeon, say what they may. Nor do they often want bread. The people demand books by the thousand, and to supply this insatiable longing for mental pabulum the publishers are kept con- stantly on the alert. If in the stream of modern books, to which there is no end, there is an abundance of trash, there is much of real worth. At all events the world feeds the great fraternity of authors, and feeds them better than they deserve if the asser- tion of Frederic Harrison is true that a hundred titles contain pretty much all of vatue there is in the books of all time. And if it be also true that the reading of books of no value is a mental dissipation as ruinous to the mind as physical dissipation is to the body, mankind is hurrying forward very rap- idly on the road to intellectual drunkenness. If some thousands of authors could be starved to death, always provided that the worst were secured for the sacrifice, the quality of the current literature of the time might be improved in the direction sug- gested by the startling proposition of Mr, Warrison. MRS. CHAPIN’S TWINS. It was on Sunday—a day of rest and of peace according to the Puritanical rule of life—that Mrs. William G, Chapin, at Gil- bert’s Mills, N. ¥., was delivered of twins—; fine, fat. healthy boys. It was a great event: in the Chapin tamily. Mrs. Chapin had not borne twins before, and she could not divest her mind of the impression that some politizal significance attached to the unusual event. During the period of pregnancy she had dwelt much upon the subject of the factional division in the Republican party, greatly de- ploring it as a misfortune to the country; and the shooting of the President and its dire consequences made a deep impression upon hermind. When the boys were held up to her view a smile irradiated her counte- nance, aud she faintly whispered to her proud husband, “Garfield and Arthur.” Tears filled the eyes of the father as he re- marked gently: “ She hath done what she eould; she wishes to heal the breach in the ranks of the Republican party; this. one shall be christened Garfield and this one Arthur”—administering tothe mottled cheek of each in turn a resounding smack, whereat the infants howled in shrilt accord. Nothing could be more touching than this domestic episode—the devotion to country of the mother, the tearful acquiescence of the father, and the wailing, precocious recogni- tion of.their conciliatory, harmonizing desti- For it must be presumed ny by the boys. that a consideration of the analogics of the situation was not neglected, and these in- volve the martyrdom of the little dimpled, red-taced- Garfield, and the elevation to his place in the household of the little fat, putfy- No wonder the. mother cheeked Arthur. fainted “dead away” and the father wept in the act of devoting one of the beloved twins to the Moloch of political party division. It is like the story of Abraham consenting to slay his son Isane for a burnt offering. ‘The babyhood of the twins will be watched with absorbing interest. An anxious public. will want to know whether little Garfield and little Arthur live In sweet’ accord, or try to gouge Gach. other’s little soul-lit eyes out; whether they dwell in unity ina double crib, or snarl at each other from opposit sides of the bed; whether they cry “agoo” and split their ruffed mouths from ear to ear with laughter, or'double their fists ‘with rage and -scowls; whether they hug gach other with pleased delight and true fraternal ‘affection, or bite each other’s pug noses and pull each other’s scanty hair. : eee ‘The public will demand daily bulletins of the progress of the little lives of the little pacificators. When it is reported that little Garfield grabbed his nursing-bottle between his gums and snatched little Arthur’s away, and that little Arthur tweaked little Gar- field’s. nose, pulled his ears, and bit one of his great toes nenrly off, there will be gloom in the land from Maine to New Mexico. On the other hand, when the bulletin states that little Arthur insisted that little Garfield should have both rattles, and little Garfield insisted that little Arthur should have them, showing a generous rivalry in meekness and. self-sacrifice, there will be rejoicing in the mansion of the proud millionaire and in the cottage of the humble artisan and poor la- borer. When there is peace in the domicile of the Chapins. there will be peace on the hills, in the valleys, and on the prairies throughout all the dominions of the great Republic. But if war rages between the Chapin twins the white bird of peace will fold her wings, droop her head, close her pink eyes, and hide herself in the company of bats and owls. It isa question whether’ Mrs. Chapin ‘has not, in fact, “done what she could” to set the whole country by the ears, for it is as- suming too much to predict an uninter- rupted reign of amity in the double crib in the Chapin mansion. If, now, little Garfield and little Arthur should havea simultaneous attack of the colic It is scarcely to be ex- pected that they will ery “agoo,” and smile at each other like idiots,-while their little bowels ache like the biue blazes. And if in their agony they double their little chubby fists and make angry passes at each other’s eyes, and noses, and dimpled checks, and the fact is bulletined, what will be the effect upon the Garfield and- Arthur factions? Perhaps they will fly at each other and make vicious passes too. There is danger that Mrs. Chapin’s experiment in conciliation may prove to be a two-edzed sword. No- body will have the temerity to sugrest a doubt that Mrs. Chapin’s, twins are ex- traordinary infants; but they are in- fants, liable to indigestion, colic, whoop- ing-cough, measles, chicken-pox, and the rickets. ‘Then, too, they must be swathed, bound, and tortured as all babies are—must be washed, and have soapsuds spouted into their eyes, and be punctured by accidental pins, and to presume that they will not re- sent these misfortunes and indignities by a resort to all the arts of scratching, biting, and hatr-pulling isto deny to them the rights of justice, to say nothing of the sweet privi- lege of revenge. It is to be feared that the estimable and publie-spirited Mrs. Chapin has not taken ac- count of all the irritating circumstances that attend babyhood in offering her twins as a niodel of conciliation and harmony between the warring factions of the Republican party. Doubtless the public in a spasm of gratitude will demand bulletins of the twins’ progres: 3ut it it shall be reported some day that lil tle Garfield Chapin has scratched one of little ‘Arthur Chapin’s eyes out, and that little Arthur Chapin has bit off one of little Gar- field Chapin’s great toes, a stern demand will go up to the Chapin mansion at Gilbert’s Mills for the instant discontinuance of the bulletins. Dr. Briss’ bill for $25.000 on account of eighty days’ services, if it shall really be sent in to Mrs. Garfield, as the correspond- ents say, will raise a nice point in medical ethics. The courtesy of the profession will not permit one physician to’ say that the bill of a brother practitioner, however large it inay be. isexorbitant. We should not, there- fore, be willing to submit Dr. Bliss’ bill toa jury of his peers for the purpose of getting neandid verdict upon it. Such a proceeding would be as unsafe and probably as un- satisfactory as an‘ attempt to dispute a law- yer's bill before a Judge who bas beena lawyer and expects to be oneagain. But Dr. Bliss’ bill would havea small chance before 2 jury of business-men, and even a lawyer might be trusted. to pronounce upon its merits, just asa jury of doctors could be re- lied upon to detect the extortion of a law- yer’s bill. The question to be decided in Dr. Bliss’ case is, What are his services ordinarily worth? To determine that. question it is only necessary to ascertain, first, whether the services were, in point of fact, beneficial to the patient, and, secondly, what was the market rate for such services as Bliss pre- tended to render. It goes almost without saying that his income in common.average years has not deen $115,000; and hence bis services by the day cannot be wortn $312, ‘There is not a physician in the United States whose average daily earnings areas muchas that; and Bliss-was far from being at the top of the protession. Lis claim for $25,000 must be based. therefore, either on the condition of the patient or upon the cir- cumstances of the widow, But, by Dr. Bliss’ own confession, the ense was hopeless from the start. .Médical skill could not avert the fatal resulé/Hetice the Doctor’s services were useless. “Thi axe not worth $2,000 toanybody.?-The ci tances of the widow ‘Mrs.’Garfield Whole property and something more on ac- dint of his failure to save her husband’s life, to diagnose the case properly, or to let anybody else more competent try to do so. If the treatment had saved the life of Presi- dent Garfield tho Nation would joyfully pay the bill; but the failure of medical skill’:to give him the least assistance ought not to be charged for in so magnificent a manner. Mr. Bookwatter must be added to the long list of pergons who have inaulzed in the pleasing but- somewhat hazardous pastime of enumerating their infantile poultry before in- cupation. The night before the Oblo election he said that the work'ngmen and temperance people were on his side, and be expected to be elected by about 17,000 majority. “1 have worked very hard,” said Bookwalter. “ I have beeu all over the State myself, seeing everybody, organizing the work and pushing matters every- where. My Executive Committee bas donesome work, but it has been of little value tome. In- deed, I believe should have been better off,t0- night without their work. If we win a victory tomprrow, it will be by. my own exertions, and the party will owe it to me personally. I feel that L may honestly and with entire propriety claim this.” Mr: Booswalter was ouly about 90,000 votes out of the way in his calculation, which shows nis confidence to have been im- mense, even if poorly founded. Ir doesn’t do to go too much on appear- ances, eveu in the cuse of old and highly-re- spected ladies. Mrs. Corliss, of South Acton, Mass., was one of these, and when a blackswiith caused her arrest on the charge of steating $100 the community wus highly indignant, and the prisoner.was dischurged almost without. a0 ex- amination. The blicksmith was possessed of a few friends who believed, 13 story, however, aud by carefully watehing Mrs. Corliss they discov- ered her tuking the moncy froma place in which she had hidden -It, ond now the people who hooted at the blacksmith wonder how they could have been so,deceived. By : peas ‘Tue morning after the Ohio election the ‘Cincinnati Enquirer (Democratic organ), which bad been sanguine of, # great “ Pocketbook- walter" victory, thus summed up the reault to the hour of gving to press: 3 Oblo—the Election Yesterday— a Was Abrond in the Lana, and Ts Wort Wan Fearfully and Wonderfully Done—A Ma:3 of Amuzing and Uneatisfactory Figures, [from { |.fessional philosopher, the Duy, but Catico and the Yurd-Stick Previa Sa ee euse-Foster Eleered | Geer : a Largely Reduced Majority—Ir It Reaches ‘Ten, Thousand Ie Will Be Comparatively Huppy—? But Very Few Figures upon the Vote for Mem: bers of the Legisluture—lowa Is Also Reported to Have, Held un. Elecuon Yesterday, with the Usuut tesult. ae ‘As Calico Charley's majority is twice ten - thousand'he rust be superlatively bappy.. The “ water-wheel” candidate refers to Booxwalter, who made bis fortune manufacturing a patent water-wheel, which he sold at an enormon: profit by reuson of the monopoly be held.; The” * reference. to winc-presses means the teetotal~ coereive Prohibitionist who. rah for Goreran and who followed mulcng cider end wine presses fora living. The people of Obto did not per. ccive the consistency between the business and politics of such 2 candidate, and sat downon him’ heavily. : ——————__— : Tue use of the telephone in summoning the police-patrol wagons to all parts of the city: has been in succesful operation here for abont a year, and the system Is being rapidly adopted, by other citics, notably'St. Louis, in which place. the difliculty of securing an officer Is uppalling, 1f n murder or robbery occurs and u citizen ape plies ata police station for ald he finds only one ollicer on duty, and be is forbidden to leave. his post for any cause. He husa whistle, how- * ever, on which he blows vigorously, in the bopa=:! that the nearest patrolman may heur the noise and respond. After becoming used to this prim.’ itive mode of do‘ne business, St. Louis will be somewhat stactied by the ‘sight of 2 wagon full“ of officers dushing up to the scene of a crime”, within two minutes of the time an alarm ig turned in. epee = Just now the New York Sun professes the most ardent. admiration for Secretary Blaine,’ ~~: although it is not so very long ago that the .*; paper and Mr. Blaine were on opposit sides of. the fence. It says: wee Bete tt Is reported In some of the journals that “Seerctary Bluire will not, accept the English Mission if it is offered him.” We conzratuiue Mr. Blaine on: this determinadon. | Why sbould:: a man filled with vital.ty, as he is, zo to Engtand * to figure in Caurt-shows and dawdle ‘away his life in official ceremonies? .. The place for Jamea . Blaine Is bere ut home, and his duty {s tofight Grantism.and the third term. Three cheers for ~ Brother Blaine! oe : Between his enthusiasm for Blaine and Iro- quois, the editor of the Sun is kept prétty busy” $$ A New system of government has been put in operation at Amherst College, which it i3 to be hoped may provesuccesstul The'studenta choose ten representatives—one being from the Freshman class, two from the Sophomore, three” from the-Junior, and four from the’ Senior, These compose a representative assembly, which is presided over by a member of the Fuc- ulty, and haga voice In the government of tne college. It does not interfere in ‘aus. way with” =)” the duties of the Faculty, but in regard to mat- ters of discipline will bave considerable power, the Idea being that students ere capable of self-* government. : 5 Mn. Texnysoy, who. as port laureate, Is expected to grind out some Lines to order every: timearoyal pair are married, seems to have made aslizht mistuke fn bis puem on the nup-- tluls of Princess Frederica, of Hunover, and Baron Von Pawel-Rammingen. Jn the second) stanza the late King is represented ns leaning, over the battlements of the celestial regions to. bless the union, which is very poetical, but not. true. The fact 1s that thedeceased monarch wag go bitterly opposed to the marriage that, during” his lifetime, the young couple despaired of cele-., brating it. ear Says an exchange: “Contrasting the man-* ner in which the Democrats exvected to carry” Obio with tne manner in which they didn’t cirry. it, we are reminded of a Southern wag’s de-" scription of. Bragg’s Rentucey campaigt in 1882. ‘Well, sir,’ said he, * Bragg went into Fen-, tucky shouting Vent, vidt, vici, and he came int | of it howling Vice versa.” i a Tie St. Louis Globe-Democrat has ca- jured up a spook. It solemnly calls attentionto the fact that ou the day Bayard was electd” President pro tem. of the Senate Confederia, ~ bonds were In demand at $2.50 per $1.00. Va” are afraid this spook is too feeble to live long, << Mr. Broxson ALcott, who, as a Pp has achieved a fut. measiire of success, {3 writing his autoblogré: phy in poetry. If novelty 1s what Mr. Alcott after he will undoubtedly succeed, but readers of the work wili be few. ——— Turrry murderers are now-awaiting tri in Philadelpbia, which is called,‘ The City, Brotherly Love.” it o 3: Fs Mr. Bararn’s time is the fastest on ord—if there is any consolation in thet. _—————_ —- LAKESIDE MUSINGS, “‘The situation is more awfully awfal' than ever. Cam in the cooler."—Quinn. } It is now believed that the balloon tried to cross the State of Missouri, and hope is fading. Atlast accounts three men had declared ‘ themselves ready to denounce Ridaleberger a3 a liar, and several back counties are yet, to be © heard from. Virginia {sa tine place—to leave." Among those who sent congratulations to , the Princess Louise on her birthday ‘Inst welt ; was Lord Lorne, Governor-General of Canada. Hes a very estimable gentleman, and at one, time there were rumors of a marriage between |): the Princess and himself, ae Her scuttle hatt ys wondrous wyde + All furry, too, on every s¥de, si Soe out see trippeth daintslye He To lett Fe youth full well to see . How fayre ye muayde ys for ye bride, - Ye conles ynto ye scuttle siyde, Soyo her‘hatt wolde Land byde, ‘To stelé sume kysses—two or thred Butt synce she never asketh me, Ye scornful eynic doth deryde Her scuttle batt! Whitelaw Reid. { “Is the society editor in?” asked a rather. pretty soung lady. as she swung the door of the ed! torial rooms gently open yesterday afternudn. ‘Nobody’ noticed ber fora moment. but finally the trotting-horse statistician, who was explaining to te dramatic crite why “Muldoon’s Pienie” was 3: greater drama than “Daniel Rochat,” became sesre - Of the presence of one of the gentle rex. and waved | his somewhat profuse hand tn the general directo of acbatr, the mouvement being understood as3n2- vitatlon to be sented. The younz lady accel proferred hospitatity, and remained silent ° “Irs no nse talking.” continued the horse editor resumltg his conversation with the dramatic eii6 ” “sou ducks that come raw from a college and.& against u newspaper office, thinking that you are” tly for any use,are justas Hable to make = break # anybody else.” If *Daalel Rochat? is a good plsf2'. aChinaman, and that settles It Now, ‘look heroine—that Henderson girl. She's gone on ain't she?” eat vas the zs ‘Yhe dramatic eritic admitted that stich sisjost case. : ‘about her. Everything is lovely. ‘The old aay. “And Dan,” continued the horse editor, loons, dvesn't buck-jump or drive on one ling, 3 old 10% ‘are apt to de when anybody wants. to marty 8 theirs, and there 1s no old man to steer clear of °F. dog.to polson. or anything that generally makes It; amet to the x47) toagh work fora fellow to. catch: a girl these ‘Thes get the word trotting level, and EG down auarter-pole like a duublo team, don’t they?” ‘The critic nodded assent. oer “Whut does Dun think? What has he got sti, tothink? He says to bimself: * Here tsagirt that © will do to buy pools on, She ain't goin to break OF strike a pace. ~A man can go through Hite with Bet any galt he likes, and if somebody knocks aspoke 0 once in a while, or pinches him a [ttle too close 1 the pole, she won't dive into the fence and oI check-rein, and like enough get distanced.’ :- the kind of a talk Dan gives himself, ain't It? Z “tts possible thut sou ure: correct," reolted the critic, * although I must confess that at Yall ‘ “Never mind about Yale; we are on De! street ‘this afternoon,” said the repository of formation concerning Saud &. * What I want wo ners ie: when iy that Sardou-wna chewing on the wronzappi he wrote that pin . ‘This, Henderson citl 1s mash - on Dan and wants to. marry bim. ‘They paw arch for a couple of nets, and finally the aate for the PE formance is fixed. ‘The feller with the: red s8s~ Joins ’em nceurding to the civis.cude. ‘Then ‘the pte says the race is a mile and repeat. $0 ro spent: Ee expects the preacher to marty rem again. notinuch; no preacher in his. Girl ori him bs the neck, and - burrows ft front with her nose, but Danny duesn’t weaken parson forme,’ he says. “I love sou fondly, mat oy but Tam nota champ. ° The gurl busts out eryine fo leaves him. Next day Dun wants tu hedze, he'll yo the whole racket, charch and kirl suys she’s changad her mind snd dozsn, any more... Now in * Muldvon's Piente’— “Excuse mic, gentlemen, “put which one of you Is the socluty editor?” “We don't keop one on this paper, Stiss”§ horse critic, *but-the whole gant taked a ¢l that style uf Journalistic. Inbor -once in. 9 #2! there anything we eun do for you?” =» *Lwus going to ask,” sald’ the girl, ne