Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 3, 1881, Page 4

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GLASGOW, “Scotland—Allan’s American News A ae “Eng—American Exchanze, “9 ‘Strand, Bexnr 5. Gittic, Arent, WASHINGTON. ». Ca 19 F street. AMUSEMENTS. Wricht’s Grove. North Clark street, between Diversey and Wright- ‘wood avenues. rfest pienic. "House, jurt-House. Engage- Variety entertain- * Grend Ope: ‘Clark street, oppost: new ment of Tony Pastor's Troupe. ment, | Olymp'c Then Clarkmtreet, between Luke and Randolph. “Humpty Dumpty.” SOCIETY: ME GS. ST. BERNARD COMMANDERY, NO. 35, K. 7.—Sir nights. on account of the sud and frightful calam- ity undgy Which the whole counury ts wembling with > . e Rony, ee HO PWIMAGE TO OTTAWA isabandoned. ‘biated conclave Wednesday evening, July 6, at 3 ‘Work in the Templar Order. Rating Sic: ni are courteously invited, By order o! iN DMC. ‘CABE, Commander. TU shcgenso®. Keconder always welcome. By order of DAVID GOODMAN, Recorder. APOLLO COMMANDERY, NO. 1. KNIGHTS TEMPLAN—Stated Conclavs Tuesday evening, July 6, nt 8 o'clock. Vein Ste Knlzhis re cordially in- vited. By order of the Emi minander. wy LS. TIFFANY, Recorder. CHICAGO CHAPTER, NO. 127, ROA. M.. Hall 14 enty-nccand-st.—Hexular Convocation Wednesday Gyouing at S o'clock. Work on the M. iene companions invited, By order LI IF Seureurs. VAN RENSSALAEI GRAND. LODGE OF PER- BECHON A.A. SCOTCH RITE MASONS—Regular mbly On ‘Thursday Mevening nest Work oe the Song and Fifth Dexrees. ity order of the H* GOODALE, Grand Secretary. ASHLAR LODGE, NO. 308, A. F.& A. M.—Recular meeting Tuesday evening, July 5, for business und ore, The trmteraity cordially invited. Hall, 73 Monroe-s! C. IL CRASE, Sceretary. GAUNTLET LODGE, NO. 4 K. OF P., will have a Public Installation on Tuesday evening, July & Open toall friends of No.t Music by the Apollo Quarter “SUNDAY, JULY 3 18SL ted that Count Herbert Bismarck, the elder son of the German Chancellor, and whoge elopement with the wife of a German nobleman was recently the subject of much comment, will soon be attached to the Ger- man: Legatio at Washington. ‘ NINETY-FIVE soldiers, thirty-five women, five children, and five male passepgers are known to have been killed in the recent ac- eident on the Moreles Railroad in Mexico, and ninety-eight soldiers, twelve women, and two passengers were wounfled. Forty-nine persons escaped, and about forty persons are missing, The Mexican Governmenthas com- missioned seven engiucers to examine the fallen bridge and the condition of the road- bed. ‘A Lrvenroor newspaper says that the British Government, has ‘received letters threatening ta-blow up the Duke of West- minster’s honse, near Chester, and Hawar- den Castle, the residence of Mr. Gladstone. The miscreants who sent the threatening Ict- ters had no inténtion, In all probability, of. varrying out their threats. They might try inbut that they have too greata dread of the deserved punishment which would follow their attempt. -On Friday the President sent for Mr ‘Walker Blaine, son of the Secretary of State, and tendered him the appointment of Third Assistant. Secretary of State, vice Charles Payson, appointed Minister to Denmark. The President warmly complimented young Mr. Blaine, whom he has known since child- hood, and told him he was appointed, not on his father’s account, but because of his own’ abilities and qualifications for the office. Tux chargeter of President Garficld and the circumstances of his assasination were most felicitously pictured by the world’s greatest poet two centuries and a half ago: Dunean Hath borne bis faculties so meek: bath heen So clear in his creat office, that his virtues Will piesa Hike angels, trampet-tongued, against ‘The deep damnation of his taking off: And rs like a new-born babe Btriding the blast. or heaven's ; cherabim, hors'd Toon the sizhtless couriers of the alr. Shall blow the horrid deed in every cye, ‘That tears shall drown the wing. Tue following appointments were made by- the President Iate Friday evening: Ex-Sen- ator Hannibal Hamlin, of Maine, Minister to Spain, vice Lucien Fairchild, who asked to he relieved; Charles Payson, Massachusetts, Minister to Denmark, vice Cramer, trans- ferred to Switzerland; George Carter, of Louisiana, Minister to Venezuela, vice John Baker, recalled; the Rev. Henry Highland Garnett, New York, Minister Resident and Consul to Liberia, vicc John IL. Sinythe, re- called, Tue treatment accorded to the Cornell Uni- vorsity oarsmen in England has been out: rageously mean qnd scandalously discourt- eous, In the first place it was questioned whether Cornell University existed at ail, then whether it was a college, and lastly whether the oarsmen were students of the University. The English oarsmen and boxt- racing authorities went so far as to intimate that American coHeges entered professional ogrsmen as members, in order that by their- aid victories might be won. No wonder that the London Sportsman says that it is “ posi- tively ashamed that such unworthy and dis- graceful statements should emanate from- Englishmen.” Tax following, among other Consular ap-‘ pointments, were made py tid ‘Presidéut Friday’ ‘afternoon: Join B Winter, sof Illi- i Seotland, vite Me- Consul at Capetown, tice W. W. Edgecombe, recalled; Heury EK. Cimay, Texas, Consul at San Domingo, vice Paul Jones recalled;- Samuel C. Fessenden, Connecticut, Consul at St. John, N: B.; John F. Robeson, ‘ennes- | see; Consul at Tripoli; Robert Laird Collier, | of Iowa, Consul at Leipsic; Hans Mattson, of Minnesota, Constil at Calcutta; Mark 5, Brewer, Consul-General at Berlin, ‘alee ‘Her- mann Ereismann, recalled; Ferdinand Voge- Jer, Ohio, Consul at. Frankfort; James Eglin- ton, New. York, Consu! at. Brussels. Ir Gen. Garfield should die, Vice-Presi- dent Arthur would of comrse’succeed. him; but there is no. provision io law for the sue; cessiov to Gen. Arthur, in casé he should be removed by death, The Senate, contrary to its custom, adjourned without ‘electing a President pro tem., and the House is not yet, orgauized, and has no Speaker. Practically no trouble is likely to arise from this state of affairs, as Gen. Arthur, if he should become. President, would at once summon “Congress in extra session, and the Sénate would then elect.a President pro tem. of that body 1d the House 2 Speaker. Neither the President of the Senate nor the Speaker of the House is competent to act as President of the United States, except during ‘an interregnum, provided the period’ of the yacancy to be filed is more than five months. The law is imperative that a special election shail be held if the offices of President and Vice-President both become yacant two months before the first Wednes- day in December, or thereafter, when the term for which the President Was elected does not expire on the 4th of March next en- suing. One curious effect of Vice-President Arthur's succession to the Presidency, if he should succeed to it, would be to destroy the last vestige of “a constitutional majority 2 for the Republicans in the Senate, and to cause a tieif Mahone should continue to vote as before, and two Republicans be returned from New Yor ; THE MOTIVE FOR THE MURDER. The assasiuation of President Garfiela yesterday has naturally shocked the Na- tional mind, and for the time overwhelmed the hearts of the eutire people. While we write, at midnight, Gen. Gartield’s condition is so critical that the murderous assault may end at any moment with the death of the victim. Assasination is to the American mind the most repulsive of all crimes. It.is the caward’s crime, or the act of a madman so deprived of reason as to be irresponsible | for his acts. ‘It has rarely been the fortune of any man to be elected to the Presidency and enter upon the duties of the office under such favorable circumstances as Gen. Garfield. Elected by a decided majority, elected under circumstances that l¢ft uo room for cavil, or question, or contest, the American people of all shades of opinion rejoiced in the great intellectual ability, the thorough scholarstip and ripe experi- ence brought by the soldier, scholar, and statesman to the Presidency of the Re- public. Me was purely America in his life and history. Ie was greeted as a brilliant illustration of American institutions; as a man who, by his own ability, his own in- dustry, his own purity of life, had risen trom poverty and abscurity to bethe chosen ruler of a Nation of free and intelligent people. Every man felt personally proyd of his Presi- dent, and around him gathered all nis coun; trymen with earnest hopes and cheering words that he might prove successful in the high oflice to which he had boén elected. To his aid he had called a Cabinet of able and experienced statesmen, and during the four brief months of his Administration he had won the confidence of the great mass of the American people. Unlike many of his predecessors, he had inherited no enmities. Ile was not followed into office by anything in his past life that inspired hatred or suggested revenge. Bis whole life had been so pure, and so brave, and so truthiul that he and his countrymen might meet face to face and call each other friends. He wronged no man, but administered his greqt duties with the candor and fearlesness of 2 man conscious of his own rectitude, and depending on that for the certain approyal of the country. Proposing to himself a brief respit from” the Capital, and the luxury of mingling a few days among the students and Professors af the college where he had once strug- gled for an education, and on the way to join his devoted wife just recovering from severe illness, he was'shot down at the railroad station by the rufian madman who was lying in wait for him. ‘The action of. the .assasin was deliberate. Te had armed himselt for the deed. He had prepared in writing at least two acknowl- edgments of his purpose,,which purpose he carried out to the letter, and eyen if the President recover, he will owe nothing to the mercy of the assasin. To the credit of the coyntry it must be borne ii mind that there is nothing in this attempted deed of murder prompted by popu- Jar complaint of the Government, of the laws, or of the Pregident.personally. It was the act of aman of crazed mind, sooking infamous notoriety,and madly believing he would find. some one to glorify him. The country will unquestionably and’ without a dissenting voice acquit those at’ politica} variance with Gen. Garfield of all complicity or knowledge of this atrocious deed. At the- sume time it will be remembered that this crazy demon was in that mental condition to be influenced by the current events of the day, and the fact that'a faction in New York was striv- ing to defeat the Administration, was just such an event as would suggest to the mind of this nian, secking notoriety, that the re- moyal of the President would tenninate the contest, unite the party, and perhaps win for himself the gratitude of the victors. While no sane man will admit a suspicion that this attempted assasination had any connection with the New York ease, still, on the theory that this assasin was deranged in his mind, and taking his own letters as indicating tha direction of his insanity, no one will ques- tion that had not that factious con- troversy taken place. this. attempted murder would not have suggested itself to Guiteau.. Even this does not estab- lish any responsibility on the’ part of any” one beside Guiteau for the deed itself; but it will live in men’s minds, and, whether the President shall die or recover, it will sur- vive as part of the history of the whole mur- derous transaction, even long after the pres- ent generation shall have passed away. ——————E : If, there be any compensation in the awful” calanilty at Washington, It is to be found in” the unquestionable partial insanity | of. the. miserable wretch who shat the. President: The assasin Guiteau i is well- known: in:-Chi- cago to many persons by his niimerous at- teupts to gain public sictoriety, and those who have been thrown in his way or who have had any dealings with him have Jong- considered him a.man of unsettled; erratic mind, not alone from bis public actions, but by his private eccentricities. He is by pro- ‘fession a lawyer, or rather “@ sli; and vainly, sought to. obtain prac: tice, as no sané man khowmg him would ever think of retaining hig ‘services. He made 3 precarious ‘living by, casual jobs, deadbeating, and sponging- upon every: ove ‘with ‘whom he came in ‘contact, aud the number of those who are creditors of his in small sums is legion. He has been run out of boarding- houses and kicked out of hotel: times, and syits innumerable ha brought against him for debt without avail, as his financial condition was always one of impecuniosity. u money. when he found some credu ‘vie- tim, and then he would ‘appear well dressed, though quite as likely. to be found upon the streets in a linen duster on the coldest day. He had a constant itch ‘for notoriety, was ambitious to be considered 3 a theologi in and lecturer upon religious and selentitic Sub- jects. - Ile fancied he ‘had iny ented a LEW; Te- ligious system, and he expounded it at con- siderable length iia yolume entitled “Tho Truth, a Companion to the Bible,” in which he signs himself “Lawy er, Theologian, aud Lecturer.” He also lectured upon the “Sec. ond Advent of Christ,” and printed “his swash’ in pamphiet, form. The rehgious mania was one phase of lis mental disease, and he constantly imposed his ‘no- tions upon those about him, and hung about newspaper offices like ‘a pest, importuning for the publication ‘of his religious. views, - and regarding it as a personal insult when no attention was paid to his requests. Gtiiteau’s ungettled condition of mind dis- played itself in anothey way. He became ii in: fatuated with the daughter Qf a prominent citizen, followed her in the strects, sought her at her home, wrote ‘hor decorous bitt wildly-nffectionate letters, even after he had’ been repeatedly warned by her friends to discontinue his persecutions. He had the crazy idea that the young lady was in love with him and would marry him, though his conduct was a constant annoy: ance to. her, if her father was out of the way. ‘Thelatter was always on the alert, and would have inflicted summary chastisement upon him had he not been satisfied that the fellow yas partially insane. It was not until:a watning was given him whicn actually terrified him that he desisted fram his persecuto! S and nO longer troubled thé family. Te was xlsa eager for nolitical notoriety, and, not being able to make any impression: upon saue men in the Republican and Demo- cratic parties, he cansorted with the crazy Socialists as boon companions, and sought to Ret a place upon their ipunicipal ticket, but wild as they are they’ ‘were not so crazy as he, and he failed in his ambitions, “Qf late ho has been” hanging around Washington. making himself conspicuous by his ridiculoug actions, and has im- portuned the President and Secretary of State for aconsylar appointment in France," and was, of course, refused, as his mental condition was evident. ‘Actuated’ probably by his ingaye desire for notoriety as well as by revenge for the refusal to appoint him Consul, and, perhaps, his wildness faney- ing that he represented so-called “Stalwart ism,” he shot the Presideyt, not’ because he had any personal spite against Mr. Garfield, but because he was indignant that the Con- sulship had been refused him. He used to inveigh against the whole newspaper press when any oné paper refused to publish his erratic articles, and against all dcvomina- tions when any ane refused to subscribe ta, his religious system. As we have said, If there be ayy campensa- tion in this calamity, itis the assasin’s prob- | uble insanity. ‘Fo assume that he was-really sane, with any evidence in existence that he was insane, or even that ‘he was sufficiently rational to bg conscigus of the full purport af his actin, and that he murflered the Presi- dent because he could not get the consulate at Marseilles, and so make room for a-more congenial President and one who would in- augurate a : general system of spoils-hunting and give places to every political bummer and yagubond, wauld showa phase of Ameri- can life too horrible to contemplate. Such a condition would indicate that we.had reaghed the level of Mexico and ware infinitly below Russia, for Nihilisim there palliates its deeds of violence with4he justification of popular liberty, while evn in Germany either real. or fancied oppressiqn has been the cause of the attempts upon the life of the amiable old Emperor. In this case, however, if the man is sane, liberty has nothing to do with it, or principle of any kind. It would be a cold-blooded murder, perpetrated that offices might be had. ‘Cus Cmcago True has never been @ sympathizer with the cmotion- al-insanity theory, but in this case’ it will save the deepest disgrace “and- the most damning stain that can” befoul our National escutcheon if it can be shawn that the miser- able wreteli was so far demented as not ta be fully respongikle for hig acts. FOUR MONTHS OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD. ‘To-morrow at noon will be four months sinee James A, Garfield became President of the United States. Let us consider priefly what were the promises of his Inaugural Address, and how many of them he has been permitted to fulfil. The last words of his inaugural, In which he summed up the pol- icy which would guide his. Administration, were as follows: ail acting always within the authority and limitations of the Constitution, jnvadiag neither the rights af States nor the rescrve rights of the people, it wil] oe the purpose of my Administration to maintain authority, and, in’ all places within Its jurisdiction, to enforce obedianee to all the Iawe of the Umon in the in- terest of the people; to demand a rigid Seonomy in ail the expenditures of the servis af ite to require honest and faithful services of all executive . dt rome bering ¥ Hint omer y ‘were creat uot for the nef of in nen! or thclr eupporter,b nt for te service of U he Gav- ernment, -And now, fellow-citizens, I am about to as- sume the great trust which you have committed to iny hands. I uppoal to you for the earnast and thoughtful support which makes this’ Gov- ernment in fact as itis in law a Government of the people. Ishallgreatly rely upon the wisdom and patriotism of Conzruss, and of those who may sbnre with me the responsibilitiog and du- ties of the Administration; and, above all, upon our efforts to, promote the welfare of this groat people and their Government, T rot alone in- que the support and blessings’of Alm! Hghty The reference to the public offices as a trust has special significance in yiew of the events of yesterday. It was for his faithful adherence to this view of his duty thaf-he was shot. He fella victim to the accursed + spoils system which he had proolaimed war against. The infuriated madman who at- tacked him was a disappointed applicant for an office held by another man. Mis applica- tion was rejected both because his character was utterly worthless, and because there was no reason why a removal should be made to give him a place rather than millions of other and better men. For the rest, it must be admitted that President Garfield, in tha short. time he has been allowed to discharge the duties of the Presidency, has :more “than: justified all reasonable expectations that'*were Formed concerning” hing. His has’ been’ no easy ask. . Owing. to the peculiar ‘divisions. the , party.- which . elected chim, the ’ formation. of-his Cabinet. was: a matter re quiring “Areat ‘delicacy of judgment and dis-_ ‘cornment: (ce surmotinted that difiiculty.in’ a mahner that gratified all fair-minded men. His wisdom has already been amply vindi- cated; in the performances of the officers chosen. Lig. Secretary of State has beeu vigorous and prompt, maintaining American interests and honor at-home and abroad, and showing a degre of @ of execut iye capacity. ‘that P 0: His. Sectetary 19 Lyeasury, has aeconi-: plished a refunding of a large pertion of the'] lic debt at a lower rate’ of interest. “thant ever before. was attempted i in this cop! ry,! and without jarri i any way disturbing, 8 Ra garded ‘by those competent to judge as:a, marvel’ of ‘triumphant! financiering. “Itis™ Postmaster- havé exposed 4 rotten ‘condition ‘of affairs ‘in one ‘branch of. the: postal service, ne || stitute sweeping ‘reforms, and taken nieasures to - punish those responsi~ ble for it. With’ reference to these procéedings, ” almost the’ last’ words. of the. President were: ‘t You must not only probe the ulcer, you must cut i¢ ont” ‘The other of thé Cabinet have shosvn equal discrimination. ‘ While they have alk alike commended themselves to the public as faithful and efficient servants, it has been evi- dent that the guiding and directing hand was thafof the Presidént ‘himself. He was the animating spirit of his Administratl one, as Ci pable to give advice as to tak it; not blind, stubborn, or willful, but. cautious, © thoughtful, moderate, ‘conscientious, and firm, “The embarrassments’ which President Gar-. field had to suffer on account of officeseek- ers ana the ‘disg crageful scramble for spoils wero not of ‘his seeking, yet he did. not shrink from them, We met them and disposed of them to. the best of his ability, according to his, convictions of right. ‘This | superb hea! ‘h -enabled him to resista pressure under which a weaker min would have succumbed, yet he was, when the assasin oyertook him, on his way to the ocean-breezes for health and rest which he'so sadly needed. ‘If his death shall ¢m- phasize the enornities of the disgraceful sys- tem which permits the Chief Magistrate ofa Nation to be hounded and ‘persecuted to his grave “by beggars, dead- beats, mad- aen, and scoundrels of every hue and shape, he will not qie in vain. : ‘The four months of the Administration of President Garfield were but a fragment of what promised to be an epoch memorable in American’ history. Yesterday there ‘could have been few who did not recognize i in the President the elements of greatness and pre- dict for him along and illustrious career. His fame will endure. Even though the as- asin’s bullet may hayecut short alife full of usefulness and prauiise to the country, his namie Will be fondly cherished by his fellow- citizens and his countrymen as that of one who was a type of the highest manhood that this Republic has produced. ” ACTING-PRESIDENT ARTHUR. Vice-President Arthur ay become, Presi- tution, through the as- arfield, ‘and thus illustrate y how much importance of the Vice- Presidency, even in the sense of a_possi- bility, is underrated vy political parties and by the people ‘generally. We do not suppose in the land who would haye y or fitness of Mr. believes that, if pomivated for that oflice, he could have been elected. Yet he was selected for the ¥jce-Presideney by a convention the majority of wl ‘hose niémbers had most de- the minarity, of anon Mr. Arthur was by no meaps a conspicuous member. 4 anything could add to the universal grief of the American’ people over the ate, tempted assasination of President Garfield, the -anticipation. oft three” and a half weary years? goverament “under Mr. Arthur, and all which thatimplies, will be by the. American people generally accepted as a pending Na- tional calamity of: th “utmost. magnitude. Last yegr the people of the ‘United States elected Gen. Garfield President; Arthur was never yoted for nor regarded with reference to his becoming President, and the country will now learn ot his probable succession to the affice witht a shudder ot apprehension. Té Gen. Garfield dies the Vice-President will enter upon his high duties with two distinct, broad, but. widely divergent paths before him, and his own personal success as the National Executive will be determined by the choice he shall make, 4 “Gon. Arthur is known to the American people principally by his seryi ice in the New York -Custom-House, and while the mere holding of that office would not of itself give him a National reputation, the efforts by the late Administration of President Hayes to're- move ‘him, and the laborious and for a time successful efforts of Senator Coukling to de- feat his removal, made the country familiar with his name, and advertised him as a con- spicuous supporter of the New York Sena- tor. It was because of this fact, and of the belief that his election would placate the im- perious, revengeful Conkling, that he was nomingted for Vice-President at the Chicago Convention. The resignation of Conkling on the ground ¢ that “the President exercised the” right. af nominating a Collestor of Customs in New Yark, without first obtaining his ap- proval, and the daily attendance of Arthur at Albany lobbying to have Conkling re- elected, have given to the country the strong impression that the Vice-President is not merely a persopal friend, and under personal obligations to the Senatar, buf that he is also a believer in Conkling* ‘Ss spoils system of ma- chine politics, which has! so debauched New York politics as to make them a reproach and a disgrace pf the most offensive character. President Garfield and Vice-President Ar- thur, though ¢ elected at the same time and by the same yotes, represent two distinct’ sys: tems of political policy and two distinct Sys~ téms of political angrality, $ Gen. Garfield was elected President be- cause of his eminent ability, of his great ex- perience, af his well-known record.on all public questions, and because of his clear canyictions and purposes as to the duties of the President in the administration of the Government, Though but four months in office, he had so administered National affairs that he had won the confidence of the whole American peopl, South as. ‘yell as North, Democrats as Well as Republicans, and with tha excep- tion of a. small faction of profe: I spoils- men, in New York, of which M . Arthur and Conkling were the controlling members, the policies of the President met with uni- versal approval‘and support, * ~ He was the President that the people had elected, and it was the policies he had inarked, out, and the political morality which ho" praeticed, that had won the-support and con- fidence of the Nation. President Arthur,’ if Garfeld dies, will have to choose at once between adopt- ing and carrying out in good faith the policies -of- President Garfield and bis’ Administration} and that of setting these policies aside. and “yevolutionizing. the Gove ernment by ddopting the Conkling -$¥5- tem of New Xark pol and degrading, “the Government to! the’ level of tho spollserab- bing machine:{ He will have tq chopsg be- tween adopting\and executing Presiden Gar- fleld’s coue of political mofatity, and ‘that of the New-York practiced by ‘the faction. whose most, t abiding ‘principle is that tie Gov-, ernment’s Htst andjhighest duty Is 491 Histeib-, ute places of pawer and profit,scasta con-' trol papular eléctions and. parpgting cor: ruption in office, Mr. Arthur, if.|be “becomes Pr sidbat, ¢ n afore ta.bo. ni where dys ‘the feat bas been ec" enerdl ‘and . Attorney-Genérai,J mal eharasEse' "He ill eno longer,a mere New- Yorker: nor merely wider obligations to New. York friends. His. constituency will number fifty millions of people ofall sections and ofall, parties, He will representno of: the Republican, party in asingle: State, but the Republican party of the United States. He cannot afford to sink himself, ard his char- acter, and his responsibility before the world, and be the. mere shadosx of another; nor can he sully his own eredit as the ryler of a na- tion. by Weéoming the. mete organ Of-a local faction... The precedents are full of warning. John Tyler suegeeded “Harrisoui, and at- tempted to reverse, the policy of the Admin- istration of his predecessor, and his fate was ignominious. Fillmore becathe a ‘dough- face,” reversed the policy of Gen. ‘Taylor, and: terminated the éxis eiice of the 'W Andrew, Johnson set up “My: Policy?” inoppo- sition to that of ‘the Union, party by which he was elected, and his fate is too recent and too marked to be forgotten. Mr. Arthur’sduty to the country ang to himself y willbe tg conforin his Admiuistration ‘as ‘closely: as possible to. that of bis predecessor. It.43 in hig power to remove the apprehensions entertained as to the effect upoy. the party,and the country. Ile must: remember whom he sycceeds, and the terrible circtimstatiéés iiider which he He eaunot afford’ to becomes President.. forfeit National re gard po sentiment by outraging and’ insulting the memory of the illustrious chieftain w! hom he so unexpectedly succeeds by the aid of the murderer’s bullet. ° —— : THE RESULTS OF A MASSACRE. The: perseeu mof tha ‘Protestants in France extended over a period of two centu- ries, and culminated in ‘the’ expulsion and murder of the Huguenots. Fully one mill-. ion Huguenots were either murdered ar driven into exile during the century and a half succeeding the’ Massacre of:St. Burthol- | owew. There was.a temporary truce follow- ing the edict of Nantes, but tho revocation of that edict by Louis XLV. was succeeded by a tremendous Sas in Hare probally no} Jand, the Netlierlands, Switzerland, Germany, and America, A new English book, entitled “A History of the Huguenots and of the Dispersion’ at the ‘Recall of’ the’ Edict’ of Nantes, traces the | fugitives. to’-various places of refuge, and shows that they planted the seeds of industry an arts that have since grown to Such enorm proportions in the British Empire. ‘ The Uyguenots were men of i ideas as well as courage. When Fi Ree slaughtered these people, she destroyéd'some of the best blood. of the nation. When she exiled them, she de: prived herself of nstock of brains and enter- prise w: , had” they been’ retai France, would have given that nation ‘the Jead in all the .greaf industries of the world. A proportion of tha Luguenots were of noble blood, but. the muss were of the skilled artisan class who'had attained a degree of Gunning at that tie unknown to any other people. Oz such were the viotims of religiqus persecution wha tied from their native country in great ‘colonies. Those who professed to recant and rengiw their al- legiant retain their hom fretted qnder the re and it was the children of this class who originated and disseminated the fierce anti- Catholicism that afterwards byoke out into, revolution and terrorism. Franco’ was the loser in every respect by tlie” war and save their liyes only Waged upon the -Protestauts, ‘for she not only sacrificed the. most intelligent, skill, ful, and progressive> portion © of her tion, but ‘rejained™ enoush of the protes! ing classes under constraint to pro; mote & spirit of révolution “against State and Qhureb. “The fierce and relentless pel seeutlon -of the Huguenots entailed upon France not so much” ignoranee and desraqa: tion as. the Inquisition ‘fastened upon Spain, but for atime more loss, suffering, aud dis- The author of the new history to which we have reterred confesses that Great Britain owes even more of its supremacy as a manufacturing and ‘trading ‘nation to the influx of the t refugees than to, any other incentive. Before the advent o£ those refugees the English were a pastoral people. The Huguenots introduced branches ustry theretofore inknown to the bitants of the’ Bri sh Isles. The Hague. nots who did not escane directly to En; zland made their way to that -country in Targe: numbers by way of Belgium; henge the im- migration of the Flemi into England may probably. be garded ‘as apart of the Huguenot contribution. follow parar graph, ‘describing. same. o! the effects of Tinguenot influence, will serye ‘to show the drift of the baok: England had establighed 2 tame for the pro- duction of goods, chietly silk und woolen ae ries, which carried ber merobandise all over the Continent, often with the result of driving out the products of the countries from whende our new artghadcome, The Flemings taught us to brew and to tan hides; thoy: established the first dyc-works in England, and introiduced the culti-. vation of hops. They and the French may’ be said to buve also tatignt: us tharket-gardon| ng We owe our silk munufactures. on the lence of which we still’ pride ourselves, fo: the Huguenot emigrants ‘tom yons ‘and. Tours? and the ac maguracture of ‘Caudgbec, ‘in Nor mandy, was’ transferred almost’ bodily Southwark and "Wandsworth, where bs ag Protestant refugees epeduced “ Devers” of such excellence tthe Cardinals of pone itself‘nad to“ turn hero for their berettas, Frow the same people. came our brdadgloth, weuving on tapestry, cymbric, and Ince-mgking industries; and Ireland owes tq them much of the excelicuce of ‘ber’ linen manufactures, Under the fostering curd of Wiliam III. many of the highest class of: expatriated Huguenots, who bud follawed bis fortunes and contribute to his success. in’ {he revolution ‘of 1688, were settled in Ireland, and though tlie traces af their presence in Cork. Waterford, and Dublin’ have for the most parb long ago diguppeured, we be- FE severest suitor severest suiferers; save that of the Huguenots has a local persé- cution resulied jn such a broad dissemina- tion of henefits. Isewhere: DIVORCE MADE EASY. Itisevident that the divorce practice in the Chicago courts © requires stricter atten- tion from the Judges than has been given it for some time past. ‘The Taylor case shows how.easy; informal, and reckless the practice of granting divorces has become. One Will- jam A. Taylor was able to obtain a divorce Ode for divorce, and yee was, able to procure one so expeditiously and quietly that the first intimation the wife had of the fact was the notice of the marriaze of were no other evideuice of the ‘baseness of ‘the divorce practice than the bald statement of thisone case thero ‘would be suflicient ning of the necessity for reform. — In the Taylor case it seems that an appear- ance was entered for the wife by an attorney named Kinney. The answer was filed and immediately, withdrawn, and thereafter the proceedings progressed smoothly and secretly until the decree was granted. Mr. Kinney h $s pué upon them, | lor’s attorney; that he ‘declined to act nsuch a document alone, not Hauora ‘the signature was genuine; that, the next day, a woman appeared who ore: sented herself as Mrs, Taylor, and expressed .a desire to have the matter disposed of as quickly aud quietly as possi- ble; and that thereupon he (Kinney) ac- cepted the fee, entered an appearance, filed an answer, then immediately withdrew it er instructions, and thus permitted the to pioceed wl ithout further obstacle toa dlent dcerée. Even admitting Mr. Rinney’s nent to be probably. orreets and conceding that he was deceived, seems as though he did not exercise Cape eaution in jthe matter. Lawyers ought to ity to public morality and 1 stice as well as to clients who them their fees. It is not easy to under- stand how an attorney can reconcile his con- science to undertake the ostensible defense of a divorce case which i is really intended to facilitate atid hasten a decree without first satisfying himself that he is representing the real defendant. “In the ‘Laylor case the wite was personated by some other w ‘oman, and the attorney seems not to have taken any 1s to discover the fraud. ‘he practice of trying divorce cases has, we believe, assumed almost the uniform course ofa reference to a Master in Chancery. The petition is filed, and then the answer, it there be one, After that the papers inthe case are withdrawn asa r1 to prevent publicity. Tf evidence is taken, itis usually in some out- of-the-way place before a Master, who re- ports his opinion to the Court, which alinost always ‘en sa decree in keeping with the st art. and without further cere: mony or delay. ‘Phe result of this practice is that divorce is made altogther too easy. The proceedings are relieved of all disagreeable details or humiliating publicity. A single ijpe in wcolumns of the newspapers qeneuielae the decree is xbout all the people ever have an ‘opportu: ity of knowing about. acase, and even this much publicity is fre: quently avoided by adroit attorneys. There is now no longer any reason why the ver divorce bases. so Fe that comes be- fore thenr peau and adequate attention. ‘The facilities for divorce under the law are broad enough to warrant the Judges in con- ig statute ‘and’ ample ‘proof of the alleged causes. It is not desirable that Chicago should regain the reputation it once had of a gtop-over place for divorces. * Something has been done in the way of suppressing the shy: stering attorneys who used to adyertiseto pracure ‘divorces on the railroad plan ‘at a, small cost and without publicity. But the ‘Taylor case shows that the abuses in this practice have not all been squelched. O£ course, if “the wite’s” present statement he oyed, the decree will be set aside, and the id may possibly be punished for bi my. But in the meantime the second wife has been wronged in a way for which there ig no remedy.’ The safety against fraudu- lent divorces is almost entirely in the hands of the Judges, a and it is only through public tr als ‘ang the most rigid examinations ‘that innocent wives or husbands can be protected from the machinations of intriguing spouses who seek the aid of unscrupulous or careless IOIDAL TENDENCY, The American, & weekly newspaper pub- | lished in Philadelphia, professes to have dis: covered a greater increase in the ratio of suicide in the United States than in any other country during late years. There is no means of agriv! ing at an accurate conipari- san, because there is no regular and trust- worthy system for collecting the statistics of suicides in the United States. It would not be surprising, however, if the number of suicides in this country were greater.in pro: portion to the population than among any. other’ civilized people. Almost every one whe tends the newsnapers must have been impressed with the frequency of this crime, and especially with the triviality of the cause to which it is traced in many instances. A boy killing himself hecause he is reprimand: ed, or a girl becauseshe fails to pass a scheol examination, is an event which could hardly eve that numbers of adhe desceudguts ean still be distinguished ‘at’ places‘ like Lisbura and Paneenasa ‘To these fugiti ulso, we owe the byst part of aur art of papermuking, and ther ‘domiciled “In England ‘the “man fucture of glass." The ‘list’ of their” fe to us “is, in short, most ~ endl Wherever wo turn, to whatevér sciéuce. to “our. arts, manutyctures, agriculture, aod ¢onm- merce, we tins traces af their beteficent pres- ence. No greater zood ever cume ‘to Buglygd tian that which befell ‘ber peopla' asa reward for their free barborage of the Huguenots. During the Drdgonuades, they rexched our shores in crowds. aften destitute and bungry, nobles und peasants, merchants and’ artisans, mem of learning aad piety, all, young and old, leaving their goods ‘bebind’ them; many alone and friendless, severed even from husbands, or from wives and children; and as they came, in. merchant vessels, or in apen boats, they w ceived, fed, and assigned residence, till their active bands ‘and busy brains enabled them ‘to repay their benefuctors by.the creation of new: means of national wealth. But Great Britain was not the only beng: ficiary of the expulsion of the Huryenots” from France. “Tliese hunted people found i in colony. went to’ Switzerland, “settling around. Genott, and the French population of that, countrs, is almost wholly tha growth of the “settlement. ‘The rare taste and cunning ef the Swiss.artisang may be traced to the early. Huguenot influences. . Many. ef. the persecuted took refuge, in, Belgium, where a large bropnrtion ‘eangented to yesyme out ward submisshyn to'the Church ‘of Rome, b it is the legacy of the Hugueno Agno: ticism is now brosdepst in Belglum and cop ’ trols the. Parlianient.of that country. Many: |: others of these people found their War ito} Holland, beyond thé Rhive in Germany, and several dupaved families cr proudly boast of thelr. Huguenat origin. The’ ‘history of all religious perseention shows | that the persecutors ° end were the occur among any ‘other than Americans, and yet just such cases have been nated recently in this country without exciting any special camment. It is easy to find many characteristics of the Americay people which account for “the growth of the suicidal tendency. Like the French, the Americans area nervaus and volatile people, quick to respond to all the emotions. They rebound from extreme con- fidence to extreme despair. But there are temptations to snicide i in this country which . do nat exist to the same. extent in France, which has, until recent years, furnished the greatest pranortion of suicides. The French MH not speculate like the Americans. Specu: Jation in France is limited to certain classes. The mass of the people are cautious, plod- ding, consérvative, and parsimonious. They are content to make money slowly and to hoard it. The middic classes do not take an: hances save those which Nature imposes upon the “growing crop, If they invest in bonds of any kind they select Government grading passion. they unselfish, and even self-sacrificing. seourities, If they buy any property pay ‘for it in monoy. They lay by their sav- “ings in gate places, and are rarely overtaken | becume by losses. which |they ara not prepared to | fur meet, But the great mass of Americans, with muck the same disposition of. the rench for breaking down under great joy j Breat sorrow, are constantly gambling Insome form vr other, and hence subject themselves to greater strains. The result is,’ that the Americans break doin earlier in life | her dail life. It renders ber callona to than the French, and for the same reason a greater: proportion of the unfortunates are betrayed inta the extreme temedy. of felo dese. ineldent to. universal speculation, the ex: travaganeo of the middle and poorer classes aw ea even more thau of But, cae allowing for the disappointments | who witness this sort of railway orang te e rich, the co: loss of money and social position, ny aaeak inflicted upon innocent persons by bank fail. ures and breach of trust, the growing infidel. ‘ity Of the age, the lack of disgrace which now attaches to suicide, and the inercurial qual! ity of our ‘people and tiine, there is one ¢: which counts for more than all the others ce explaining the spread of the suicidal feng enoy in this country. The American peo. ple, partly through the influence of pioties life, and partly from the lax administra, tion of law in the settled communities, fail to ‘attach the same sacredness to human life which is entey d the European countries. Death by is a much more frequent occurrence in this country than in Englaad, France. or Ger- many,—whether accidental or eeu In this ver murder, and on sev eral ‘days thers have more than one. The same is more or less true of most of the Western communities, Railroad and ste: anboat aecidents are mt more frequent é ong us than they ar Europe. Americans take more chances than, Europeans, p! ically as well as in money matters. “Tbe, cries of yioledee! are tess! vigilantly prosecuted. and murder and man-; sigughter more frequently condoned. Hence the same value is not placed upon huinay life in thigcountry that obtains in the ropean countries, and this cireumstance tng terially affects the extent of suivides. Seif. murder will decrease whenever the killing ot ‘others is made more infamous. Thers will be fewer suicides whenever the popular seusesball be more keenly shocked announcement of violent death. A stricter enforcement of the laws is the surest remedy thatcan be provided against the growth of the suicidal tendency among the American people. 2 Tue New Yo the following an uncement at the head if ty siti coliimas: ining the next uumber, the Nation Ww at be issued iS the weekl¢ exiition ’ of the New York Ercaing Post. “Tt will retain fts‘naine, and have the siwe editorial management as hereto: fore, and an inercased stalf of contributors, buy its contents will in tne main bave already ay ed in the Eremug Pust.’ Its political eat tandards will remain uncbahged, but ‘it {4 believed thut greater variety and interest “will result from the congolidation. The. size of the Nation will be enlarged to twenty-four pages of the present form. but, for convenience’ sakg the page will be diyided into three columns. Thg subseription price Will at the same time be ye: duced to 83 per unnum. * Subscriptions ‘already paid ut the previous rate will be proportonately extended. For the ee resent the office of the Na- | tion will romain at No. M5 Nassau street, and Jetters for the editor or’ publisher should con: . Upueto be sent "to that address ‘or to Bor New York City. ec Sutcime in Berlin owing signs of in- ercuse. and investizations into the causes of it. are on foot, 0: ingle recent Saturday ther were four cases, and statistics for the threg years between and 19%8 place the’ city far abead of London in the number of suicides, and atonly a short distance bebind Vienna. Theré were eighty-five such deaths to each million of inhapitgnts in Longon during those years, and 83in Vienna. For Berlin the proportion tas 2) per taillion. ‘Leipsic shows’ the most alarming . vate, it being greatcr even than the rate of Paris, —150 per million of inbabitants agalnst 400 for Paris. —— Iris made known that Queen Victoria re cently visited the estate, near the churchyard at, Stoke Pogis, where Gray wrote bis Elegy," and * with a view, it is assumed, of purchasing h since the estate has been for some time in tha market, One rumor said she designed it a5 country house for the Duke of Albany, and other that she merely desired to see whether wauld oe & suitable place for the Empress B génie to occups. Stoke is only a few miles tronr” Windsor. : ed Near the observatory on Mount Vesuviug a hotel} will soon be built. Land bas already been purchased, and the start of the enterprise was formally celebrated 9 short time ago bya dinner yt the old Hermitage. Tourists, weary of the hot and unwholesome air in the city be- Jow, have often wished fora place on che mount< ain where they might enjoy, for a permanent time, the pure and ing air that sweeps over its crest. “LAnp in some of the best parts of the cit of London proper, or the district east of Tempja Bar, and in which the chief money transactiont take place, is worth, according to arecentsale, . $2,500,000 per acre. Tho piece disposed of com- prised 3,270 square feet, or about one-twelfth of an acre, and brought $216,000, which is over zl asquare foot. ——————_ Waear iv France promises to be an ex cellent crop this year. and Frenchmen are in clined to believe enough will be grown to mora than supply the home demand. Shquid this prove true it will be the first instance of. the kind that has occurred since American wheat was introduced there. ———— oup of seven persons, repre generations, was fotorrafed in. a few days ago. The oldest will. be 100 years of ugo Aug. 9, if she lives, and ber great-great-grandchild is a little girl of 2 years PUBLIC OPINION. Vicksburg Herald (Dem.): One of ‘our: i enemies in the North”? has just ‘donated $70,009. to a Southern female college. The fellows name fs George 1. Seney, and ne lives in New York. He bas nothing against the college, ex-! cept that itis a Methodist institunon, and baie g Methodist. me Bi Bourbons should stand thelr pipe legs and how! at this “Yai ia New York Evening Post (Rep. of Virgil will find in the ‘Bth li enth Book of the neid a terse. and f description of the position taken by Conkling wnen be found that he wag uns rule the Administration. The line i anf “Flectere si nequet _ superos, movebo.” These wirds of the irate Sine be rendered: cannot bend to my will c higher powers, I Wwitl Intluence those of the fo fernal regions"; or.a little more freely trant luted, and put ip the mouth of je Conkling, “tf Tean't boss the Government, F will raise Hades,” Springfield (Mass.) Republican (Ind.) gentleman of color gavea ball. He paid ht -bills and invited whom he would. The must and guests, being old hands, went promptly $f the business af enjoymy themselves ‘witha much attention to their host. In the midst of. the dance the maater of the bouse mounted thé platform and shouted: Stop dis bal ball "ea: tousicians ceased, the dancers stood and, after a suitable pause. the host ase waved his bund and shouted, Go on bail.” On being asked for the reason of bia ¢x-: traordinary conduct, the lord of the occaslos xpluined that he wisbed to bring the compat tan lively apnreciation of the fact that he wa. nde boss of dat circus. Mr, Conkling a qually self-consolous and far | ite topped the ball for u brief moment, bat. ht to rule the National circus is repudiate). with universal Jeers. ‘The ball would ngt a again. ‘New York Times (Rep.): The chief fail of our raitway cars is, nawever, the dem fzlog effect which the reversible seats, sett! upon women. In order that the sball not he compelled to ride buckward 08 least hulf the trains, the backs of the a On be made to turn over. This enables any rere who enters a car early to turn over the back Oe the seat In front of her and to attempr oupy four seats. Ir hag been extimated f Per cent of all our women are a prey to fy ‘A woman may be ‘ie ee ce yields to the tempration to tura ore the buck of = seat sho. is certain rots in a very short time selfish’ ope! rude to a2 degrea that to al ag an experienced traveler would ween 4 fble. With a parasol ora smalt fe even a puir of gioves plaved on the an her, Such @ woman will try ta retein 6 be goats, though a dozen men and wom snpreby be compelled to stand iin tepals oe the intluence of thiv pernicious habit rete, HW woman herself there can be but one top ata is ebnnges her whole character. It breeds a sellishocss which she curries into ev cq mead of sutfering, and tits her for the commit a apy crime which she imagines may minister ise i ber scif-indulsence.- Of the women BOF ae State prison, ninety-seven in every bundred ts E uu their downward career by terning Paty acks of seats in ruitway-cars, Upot ieee fect lato cause them to lose all ciple oor al to ase shea the a man rd