Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 15, 1881, Page 4

1 ! L3 I L THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, MAY, 15, 1881 -TWENTY PAGES, Tlye Tribume, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BY MATL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID, edttion, one yea: Parts of a year. per m Dally and Sunday. one year. Tuesday, Thi . and Saturday, por ye. Mondas. Wednesday, and Friday. per yei Bunday, 16-poge odition, per year. _ Specimen coples sent free. Givo Post-Office address in full, including County and giate. . Remittances may be made either by draft, express, Post-Omce order. or In registerad letter, at our risk. TO C1TY SUBSCRIBERS. Dally, delivered, Sunday excepted. 25 cents per woek. Datly, delivered, Sunday Included, 30 cents per week. Address THE TRIBGNE COMPANY, Corner Madlson and Dearbora-gta., Chicago, kil POSTAGE. Entered ot the Post-Ofice at Chicago, I, as Second- Class Matter. For the benefit of our patrons who desire to send single coples of TIE TRIBTNE throngh the mall, we give herewith the transient rate of postage: Per Copy. L% centa. : Foreign. ELight ang Twelve Page Paper. Hrieen Paze Paper. TRIBUNE BEANCL OFFICES. THE CHICAGO TRIBUXE has esiablished branch iices for tho receipt of subscriptions and advertise- nents as follows: NEW YORK—Itoom % Tribune Bullding. F.T. MC- TADDXN, Manager. GLASGOW, Scoland—Allan's American News Agency, 4 Kentleld-st. LOXDON, Eng—American Exchange, 449 Strand. Bryur ¥.GiLug, Acent. © WASHINGTO! C. SOCIETY MEETINGS. F stroet. APOLLO COMMANDERTY. TEMPLAR—Auenton. Sir Khizhts. Yon by notified 1o Tendezvous at tho Azslum Sunday, May 1651, ut 1 0'ciock p. . sbarp, 1o uttend the funeral of onrlate Frater, Ihomas Wright Anderon. Com- mandery will proceed in earriazes 10 Trinigy Ipisco- pal Ghurchl corner Twenty-sixiti-st. and Michizan- ar., where services will be Ligld. and from thenco 10 Grceland Cemesery. Service at the chureh ot 2 g . m. By order of the Eminent. 2 s il 1L 8. TIFIFANY, Kecorder. NO. 1 KNIGHTS Yon are here- APOLLO COMMANDERY, NO. 1. KNIGHTS TEMPLAR-Siated Conclave Tuosdny evening, May 13,211, aL § o'clock. ZLe Urder uf ilie ‘Temple will be conferred. Visiting Mr Knights are alwars wel- come. The drill corps will nssemble promptly at § o'clock Monday eventng. May 16, 135l By order of the Eminent CoMBUDISR, o TIFFANY, Necorder. - THOMAS J. TORNER LODGE, No.40. A.F. & A. A Comtanteation “fnursday " evening, B Coeod 10 58 Brbent. Fielucs Cordly o nt Vig - g e 0 5. 3L NIGHOLS, W. M- Wi, M. STANTON, Secretary. ONAL LODGE. A. F. & A. M, NO. 5%—Stated Cotbaamiaonat toels al, coraer Fnagiph and Halsted-ats., Tuesday*'evening, May In Wish the brethren to be presont. Master Masons cordiatly 1ovlled o witaess our Work: " L AL - COVENANT LODGE, NO. 523, F. & A. 3M.—Stated Commuulcation of above jvire for the transiction of business of impariance wo the memboers wiil be held Friday evoninc, May .18 A fail attendance 13 earnestly requested. By order = UGH MASON, W. ML GEO. A, WAIT, Secretarv. 'NA LODGE, NO. 138, A. 0. . W.—The resular A clon €11 55 bald Crery Jhyreday b Of Saturduy evenings, as heretofore, nt Lodee Hall, wrner.’«'urmgu{k nnflncenm!re‘flié.he\galu‘n breth- rdialiy invited. or of the 31, W e 7 ORR&ILEY Recorder. - 8T. BERNARD COMMANDERY. NO, . K. T.— Sinsod Coneinre Woaneatay crening. May I ag s o'l Visttinz Sie O J.0. DICKERSOX, Récor . CORINTHIAN CHAPTEI NO. 62, R: A. M.—Special nvocation Monday cvening, May 16,5t § o clock. ork on the Jark and Last 3},.«5“ Desree. Vistiing £ co; Tited. By order of BemaEy THUK WARRINGTON, IL P. 3.0. DICKERSOY, Secrotary. ~ GOLDEN RULE LODGE. NO. 75 A. F. & A M.— ‘Commaunieation Tueaday eventng, May 17, at 8 o'clock, 1 usiness and imporiant wark. order of sl R IUMAS G- NFAVALAN, W. 3L DAVID GOODMAN, Eecreiary. NO. 19, ENIGHTS ess and rebearsal in the iy order of ORD, E.C. | CHICAGO COMMAN 131 818 0"clock. for bue atzribalas of the Order of the Ked Cross, DAVID GOODMAN, Recorder. VAN RENSSELAERGRAYD LODGE OF PERFEC- TION, FOURTEENTH DEG. A:A.. ECOTTISI RITEMABONS—Lej suler Ancambly Thursdny evenlng Daxt. By order of the T. ED GOUDILE, Grand Secretary, HOME LODGE, NO. 513, A. F. & A. M.—Members Srerequested to meet at their hall this (Sunday) aftornoon at 1 o0'clock 1o attend the funeral of our late brother, Thomas W. Anderson. - L. F. PAINE, W. )1 SUNDAY, MAY 15, 185L CHARLES GIVEX, a hotel iwaiter, who had 80 brutally abused his wifc that she had to leave him and go to work asa waiter atan Atchison (Kas.) restaurant, called the poor ‘woman away from her work yesterday after- noon and shot at her several times, inflict- ing mortal wounds. - The brutal rufian then shot himself dead. J. B. LiNcoLy, an extensive commission dealer In canned goods, nuts, etc., doing business in Boston and New York, has failed. The Iiabilities are vaviously esti- mated 2t from $200,000 to $750,000, but are probably much nearer, to the former figure. Mr. Lincoln, who is’ rather a young man, has indulged too freely in speculation, and hence the failure. Nearly every cauned- £oods dealer in Boston suffers. TnE citizens of Kansas, orat least alarge proportion of them, are very indignant at | the Illinois Staats Zcitung ana other papers of articles recommending German immigrants not 1o settle in Kansas because of its prohibitory laws; also alleging that many German citi- zens whointended to make that State their home have changed thelr minds, and that Germans who have settled there are leavins. the publication in EAnL SPENCER’s declaration in the House of Lords Friday, that coercion woula be more vigorously applied in Ireland than it has been ‘for some time past, was. fol- Jowed up yesterday by several arrests. Three of the victims—Patrick Doran, Pat- rick Meehan, and John Redington—hail from Queens County, three brothers named Quin- lan from Tralee, and one Jeremiah Dros- nan from that place which has supplied Chi- eago with so many ofticcholders, Castle Island in the Kingdom of Kerr; SENATOR CoNGER Will probably report the ‘pomination of Judge Robertson to. the Benate to-morrow without recommenda- Yon. The consideration of the nomi- ~ation will then go over until Tuesday, when Senator Conkling will make a speech stating why he is opposed to Robertson, and defining his position general- ly. Should Conkling not attack the Admin- istration it is probable that he will not be “ answered, and that Robertson will be then confirmed, and the whole matter definitly settled. This is the program as it stands at present, and it will probably be adhered to. AL CHALLOMEL LACOUR, the French Am- bassador to England, has addressed a letter %o Earl Granville, in which he says that there . Isno good reason why English manufactur- «1s should be excited, frightened, or dis- pleased about the prospective changes in the French tariff on English goods. The only change proposed by France, he 358, 18 to substitute specific for ad valorem duties, but this is the very change which the Eunglish manufacturers -are excited about. Earl Granville, replymng to M. Lacour’s letter, says that he hopes when the present Commercial treaty between France and England expires that the tariff as it exists will be continued zatil such time as a new treaty is agreed on. Bat France will hardly agree 1o ~- this proposition,: and is not. at all 4 anxious to megotiate a mnew treaty. On' the whole, M. Lacour acts as if he en- joyed the uneasiness of the British manufact- urer. His letter will ot tend to allay that uneasiness. ——— QuERxN VIcToRIA Is said to be quite desir- ous of conferring a Peerage on Coningsby Disraeli, a youth of 14, thenephewand heir of the late Lord Beaconsfield, but Mr. Gladstone and his colleagues object, and it is probable that Master Coningsby will have to wait for a title untl a Tory Ministry comes into power. The incident serves to show what amere figurehead an English . monarch has come to be. ¥ LiECT. SAMUEL A. CHERRY, of the Fifth Cavalry, Is reported to have been killed néar Fort Niobrara, Neb. While out with an es- cort scouting for a party of high- waymen, he came upon those gen- try suddenly. = A fight ensued, result- ing in" the killing of the youug ofiicer. Licut. Cherry was the Adjutaut of Thorn- burgh’s command, and partticipated in the action at Milk River, where he behaved with great coolness and bravery. He was en- gaged to be married to the daughter of ex- Congressman Harry White, of Pennsylvanla. SecrETARY WINDOM'S financial plans scem to meet with more than anticipated successes. It is only two days ago that his call of the 5 per cent bonds with an offer of their continuance was made public, and already he has applications for the renewal of £50,000,000 worth of these bonds (one-fifth ot the whole amount called) at the reduced rate of 3% per cent. The National banks hold §165,- 000,000 worth of the bonds, which they will make application to have renewed during the next month at the rate offered by Secre- tary Windom. The London Economist con- gratulates Mr. Window on the success of his schieme, and the American public may well Jjoin therein, ‘Tne fable of the inflated bullfrog that tried to blow himself up to the size of an ox and burst wide open in the attempt Is repeated in the case of the Wells strost newspaper concern in this eity. Notwithstanding the exposure of its mendaclous and shallow irauds on the public, it had the sublime “cheek” to publish yesterday morning another bogus *“ cablegram ” three columns long about the Bible revision. Not a line, or a word, or a syllable of that dispatch came over thk Atlantic cable, or even by land-wire from New York. It never saw the Inside of an operating room. The telegraph-tolls on it did not amount to the sum of one cent. The editor of the wind-bag concern cannot produce a receipt to show that be paid as much as one postage-stawp for the transmis- sion of that disputeh by cable. Lle cannot show “copy” forit in any telegraph office on this globe. The spurionsness of the “dispatch™ Is written all over it in characters that any man of sense can read. No expert could be de- ceived by It for onc moment. In the first place, the matter contained in it is old and stale. The substance of it has been printed in Tk TRIBUNE and other newspapers time and again. The correspondent who should send it by cable would be a lunatic; and Frane B. Wilkie, whatever else he may be, is not that. Furthermore, the newspaper- editor who should order such material to be sent by cable, or pay any man for sending it, would be an imbecile, and the Wells street man adveriises himself as such when he claims to have received the New Testament by ocean cable. We repeat that every essentizal fact con- tained 1n the alleged *“cablesram” of yester- day has been printed in Tie CuicaGo Trin- UNE and all other important newspapers in this country time and again. There is noth- ing in it which eould not have been obtained of Dr. Philip Schafl, in New York Clty, or a dozén other scholars in this country. 1t it ever crossed the ocean at all, iteame by mail, and left London at least fifteen days ago. These facts put the stamp of fraud not only on the ocean cable dispatches of the Wells street concern, but on all its other dis- patches, and on its loud boasts of enterprise, liberality, and regardlesness of expense. It Is a shamn and a cheat from the first column to the last. Its advertisements are bogus. Its dispatches are bogus. Its principles are bogus. It has not an honest hair In its hide. ¥ A GREAT ADVERTISING MEDIUM, The value of Tur TRIBUNE as an adver- tisinz medium has been recognized by the community in a very eratifylng way. No newspaper west of New York prints as many advertisements, measured either by columns or number of advertisers. The other two morning journals of this city do not together have the same nmount of advertising, or half as much in money value: Itis well known that both the papers re- ferred to have long made a practice of tak- ing advertisements at merely nominal rates, and one of them has printed regularly for months many columns of bogus *wants,” *‘situations wanted,” ete., that have been manufactured to give the appearance of prosperity where the reality did not exist. Tue TrisuNE surrenders its space only to bona fide advertisers, and receives from them its full value, no more and no less. That its prices are not too high is shown by the con- stant and large increase in its patronage from yearto year. It never was so much sought after by advertisers as this year, Itsadver- tisements for several issues during the last month exceeded any previous number in its experience; and of course overshadowed the bustness of any and all its contemporaries beyond comparison. Tue TRIBUNE rejoices in these evidences of prosperity even more on account of the community in which it has so long and so amazingly flourished than for its own sake, Our advertising columus show that the erowth of the City of Chicago is steady and healthy; that it is now enjoying a period of great business activity; that its merchants are pushing and enterprising; and that they know how to employ the press in promoting and extending their trade in every quarter of the Northwest. We congratulate the people of Chicago, therefore, on the tokens of theirown prosperity, which have heen ex- hibited in the columns of Tur Cicaco TRIBUNE from day to day, and from week to week, since the beginning of this present year. THE NEW BOULEVARD. Work seems to have been begun in earnest on the improvement of Michigan avenue south of Twelfth street as a partof the park system. It is to be hoped that it will be pushed forward with all the expedition com- patible with thoroughness, and that some means will be found for continuing the im- Pprovement north of Twelfth street. ‘The em- barrasswmentin regard to the latter part of the work consists In the fact that the cost must be paid in part by the city for the streteh of boulevard adjoining the Lake Park and-in the failure of the Councll to make the neces- sary appropriation. The-situation is such that probably nothing can be done with the north end of the avenue, unless the property- owners who aretoshare the cost with theeity will temporarily advance the latter’s portion of the mnoney. They can better afford to do this than to delay the improvement of that portion of the boulevard lying in front of their houses. The same necessity which suggested the boulevarding of Michigan avenue In the first instance exists in a still greater degree now. All the north-and-soath streets running to tho South Parks are in such a frightful condition that the parks themselves and the outer boulevards ‘are practically Inacessible. ¢ There is another- thing which all the property-owners and residents along the line of AMlichigan avenue ought to agree to, and which will greatly enhance the beaufy of the new boulevard, This is toabolish all fences along the front yards. The cost of this will benil. The value of material in the de- molished fences will in all cases offset the cost of pulling them down and carting themn away. It is only by this means that uniformitvy can be secured and protection pguaranteed against rickety or incongruous tences. There will be no necessity for re- taining them. No cattle will be allowed on the boulevard. The park policemen will patrol it and protect the houses against en- croachments of all kinds. The spaces in front of the residences are usually small, and the fences do not Inclose elaborate gardens or vast lnwns that reduire protection against invasion. Euclid avenue in the City of Cleveland Is widely known 8s one of the most beautiful streets in the world, and we believe that this impression is largely due to tho fact that the eye is not offended from space to space with irregular and dissimilar fences. There are more fine residences on Michigan avenue In this city than there are on Euelld avenue in Cleveland, and in a few years there will be fewer of the small, frame houses. Let the fences be torn down to show the improvements to advantage, THE IMMIGRATION OF 188L The flow of immigration from foreign countries to the United States is surprising even in these days when every change in the old order of things scems to be of an ex- traordinary character. The wonderful prog- ress in the industry and prosperity of the country, as contrasted with that of other lands, has made a widespread impression upon tho people of all other countries. “The failures of the bread-crops which at times have reduced the people of many European States and districts to the verge of famine, and the fact that the famine was only averted by drawing for food upon the inexhaustible supplies of American breadstuffs and provis- ions, has given to America in the estima- tion of these distant people something of the character of o paradise; for to these peo- ple in their condition that land is a para- dise where an abundance of food is constant and within every man’s reach. To 4 very large proportion of the people of many of the States of Eurore the tasto of meat is a luxury that is not enjoyed at most oftener-than once a week, and by many per- sons less frequently. The bread is the black rye bread, which Is the only kind within the means of these persons to buy. To the mill- Ions of people who thus live hopelesly from generation to generation the story of the abundance, the freedom, the peace, and the prosperity of the American States creates an irrepressible desire to move off with wife and children froni the land of poverty to be- &in new lives on a more bountiful soil and under happier conditions, personal and polit- ical. . The Anerican Consul at Stuttgart, in Wiirtemberg, writes of the emigration from that place, and states that oI those who left last year 34 per cent were farmers and 54 per cent were peasant laborers. An official, an- swering the question why they left home, gave this answer: eason disastrous to agricultural inter- s 1 impetus to emigration. The grapo and grain crops have been puor for taree or four years now. cuusiog much distress and want among tho lower clisses und in the rural popu- Iations. ‘Fhese Intter. henriny from thorr fricnds in Amerfca of the (io them) fabulous rate of wages—S2or £ n day—paid there, and of tho kool crops and general prosperity, uaturally turn thitbier with longing cyes, and come to look with discontent upon their lot bere, where they see uo chance of bettering themselves. Dowhit they will, few it any of them lay aside any money bere. Every letter brings glowing ac- counts of high wagres, zood crops, and weneral welfare, and virl Iy s Come over and Join us.™ "It s cusy to understand how rendy n Poor man, with no prospects before him herd, is 1o listen to such an Invitativn. Consul Grinnell, writing from Brewmen, adds: The emijrants this year are, withoutexcep- tion. of the best sgricuitural and industrial classes, tnking money with them, the savings of ¥ears, the proceeds of thelr little tenements gold here, ete. My own inquiry and observation con- firm tho truth of the statements of the German Jjournals that Germany bas never before lost such numbers of worthy and Industrious people us ure this year emlgrating 1o the United States, and that the loss to the Germun Empire can scurcely be overestimated. The whole number of immigrants to this country in 1850, was 457,257, of which 337,371 landed in New York. The arrivals in 1851, at New York, up to the Ist of May were 109,- 123, against 82,46 in the samo months in 1880. This increase indieates that the whole number of arrivals probable in New York this year will reach 690,00. Outside of New York, the arrivals at other ports in 1850 were 150,000. Allowing a like increase for these ports in 1881, and the indieatlons are that it will be much larger. These ports will receive 170,000 in 1881, making a probable agzregate for the year of 750,000 to 750,000. The winter has been so severe that the departures from orthern Europe have been comparatively late this year, but the emigration during the first four months of 1881 from the various countries thus compare with those of 1850: Four months Four months ending May ending dMay 3 1, iS]dl. ©oStS Zive Nationalitics. land Hungary. Other countries, Totals ... eeeenn S2686 The German and Russian authorities have intetposed stringent restrictions upon emi- gration, but the tide goes on. The exactions of the military laws give the movement a great impetus. - Of the 109,123 Immigrants arriving in New York between Jan. 1 and May 1, 2,773 were males and 36,350 females. The majority of the men are stated to be under 40 years of age, and, of course, subject to military duty at home. The New York Tribune, in an article giving details of the Immigration at that port, says: Tke poorest class of jmmlgrants come from Austrin—the Slavonians, Many of them ar- rive here utterly destitute. Some of them In Castle Gurden the other duy wure dressed with entire suits of shicepskin, the woolly side being turned inward. Others bad trousers and juckets of dressed leather. The men were durk, swarthy, “tall, and angular, and the men, wotnen, and ehildren all wore boots, which, with their white clothing and the short frocks of the women, made the group a very noticeable one, A grent muny of the Italians come bere with- out their famifies, sending for thewm later. When the Italian wife arrives, her husband generally meets her with un_American bat and a calico dress and shawl, which she immedintely puts on, and they then go walking up the streets as if “to the manner bora." The arrivals in this country at all the ports during the month of May will not be less than 42,000, and the arrivals during the suc- ceeding months up to November will con- tinue with almost unbroken vigor. Estimating the number of foreizn arrivals during 1881 at 700,000, and regarding the substantial character and menns of the great mass of Immigrants, the ordinary value which each newcomer adds to the wealth of the country of $1,000 is not, perhaps, excess- ive, and, therefore, the immigration of 1881 will, theoretically if not really, transfer $700,000,000 of substantial wealth from the 109,123 Old " World to the New. This exchange of property is in ad8ition to that which appears in the table of the:*“balance of trade.” ‘The Superintendent at Castle Garden, New York, states-that the bulk of the immigrants Ileave New York for the West and "gther points.” Several Southern States are actively seeking them. One colony of eighteen fami- lies was sent to South Carolina, A more substantial class of Irish are leaving for farms in the Northwest. There is a demand for fhrin-laborers equal to furnishing employ- ment to all who come. *The Italians have two destinations only.: One Is to Baxter streetand the other to California; at the Iatter place they engage in vine-planting and wine-making, for which purpose some of them have also gone to Ohio. The propor- tlon of paupers and Indigent persons is much less of late years than formerly, while the proportion of those who bring a supply of money sufficient to énable thein to engage in business and locate themselves :comfortably is much larger than in past years. The addition of 700,000 persons to our pop- ulation, and a1l of them brought up to occu- pations of manual labor, would, inany other country than this, produce a revolution in the labor market. But this additlon will hardly have any serious effect. The great bulk of the newcomers will find their way to the farins, either as occupants and owners of new lands, or as agricultural laborers, for whom there Is 2 demand equal to the supply. 1ndustrious, sober, and thrifty farm-hands can find abundant employment in all parts of the country, and at remunerative wages. They can obtain comfortable homes at from $20 to §30 per month, with board, and under circumstances which enable them to save the bulk of their wages. In a few years they can accumulate enough to pur- chase land of their own, or as lessees operate other farms profitably. Those who have; no trade, but must seek unskilled, rough labor, will necessarily have to remain In the eities, where they will come in comvetition with multitudes of Gthers similarly situated. But even here, the out- come of the struggle will depend mainly on themselves. Industry, sobriety, and thrift will triumph over many difficulties, while the habits of the opposit character must as certainly reduce the vietims to pauperism and all its degrading accompaniments. 4 AN OLD STORY. A commlittee of the County Board, supple- mented by a committee of the Citizens’ Asso- ciation, are secking evidence in regard to the corrupt practices of the Court-Iouse Ring which died some three or four years ago arather violent death at the hands of the peopte.. Experience has shown that, as a. rule, the only remedy against ofticial corrup- tion lies in defeat ata popular election, A number of those who were supposed to be identified with- this particular ring were in- dicted. Someof them were brought to trial, but there was the usual failure to convict, The head devil in the conspiracy was not even brought to trial. The county was placed at a considerable expenseto prosecute these cases, with no other result, perhaps, than a further demoralization of public sen- timent as to official corruption. It was not until the proper efforts to oust the ring ofli- clals from oflice by vote of the people had | been successful that any punishment was meted out to the guilty or any protzction as- sured against a continuation of plunder by the same set of raseals: Now that criminal prosecutions are barred by the statute of limitations, another inves- tigation las been instituted - which can hardly have any practical result. In the first place, it seems to be Instigated by Perio- lat's desire for rgyenge on account of bhis failure to obtain ‘a3 full a share of the cor- rupt profits and commissions as he expected. Probably the exposure made several years ago interrupted the division of spoils, In | the second place, the line of investigation so far has been partial, irregular, and jerky, and seews calculated to admitonly such evidence or charges as Periolat’s malice desires, and to exclude material facts as tothe distribu- tion of corrupt funds among the officials whom he pretends to have bribed. Thisisa sort of investigation which may arouse un- fair suspicions and do a great deal of Infus- tice without fastening blame upon any one, or affording any opportunity for punishing the guilty. At all events, nothing new is promised by the present inquiry, and the ex- i posure of old corruption initself can scarcely ! be approved as a sanitary measure. The wan Periolat; wno now comes to the ! i 1 front asa partial informer, confessedly to : gratify a grudege, and avowing himself a liar H by the contradictions of former sworn testl- | mony, is, of course, entitled to no credit in ,’ statements that blacken the character of | other men. At the same time it seems to be | clear that Egan, the architect, entered into an agreement with this man, engineered mainly by Armstrong, Egan’s former part- ner, whereby Periolat was to receive one- third of the profits or commissions which the architect should acquire upon the build- ing of the present County-Building on the North Side, and alsg the Court-Liouse, which is now appronching completion. It also ap- pears that Periolat received some money on the basis of that contract, and claims that heought to have recerved about 30,000 more. The consideration which Periolat gave for the promised participailon in the architect’s profits is allezed to have been in the * influ- ence” he possessed over the County Board atthat time and over the Aldermen at a sub- sequent period, the money he paid out for the purchase of County Commissioners and City Councilinen, the exaction of blackmail {from some of the contractors, and the manip- ulation of a change in plans which added 815,000 to the architect’s fees. Itappears also that other architects entered lito par- tlal or completed agreements either with Periolat or *“Ed" Walker, which wereaban- doned in favor of the Egan contract. The defense made by Mr. Eganin hisstate- ment before the Investigating Committee is that *“ he went into the contract_ believing it to be a legitimate business transaction, and believing that Periolat possessed great influ- ence, without which nothing could be done.” The otlier architects who made or were pre- pared to make similar agreements would probably urge the same defense. It is in just such a defense as this, no doubt honestly set up, that the moving cause of ofticial corruption can be found. Agreements of much the same nature are common in business transactions, and, though not openlyavowed, they are regarded as regular enough, and certainly not con- demued as eriminal. - Men pay commissions for obtaining trade. bribe people to use per- sonal or social influences to bring them cus- tom. divide commissions on real estate and | other transactions, parcel out stock in new | companies to persons who are supposed to | have “Influence” -to induce others to buy and pay for stock, and in manifold other ways enter into compacts not essentially different from that tripartite agreement made by Xgan, Armstrong, and Periolat. Contracts, written and verbal, are made by the hun- dreds, large and small, in business transac- tions - and by men who would resent any imputation wupon ~ their integrity. But they are regarded properly as corrupt when they affect official life. There is a difference. Such agree- ments, when applied to public work, involve alinost necessarily bribery, or at least im- proper influence over the men who have taken oaths to ndminister certaln public trusts. But human nature in official circles 1s very much the same as in business circles, only that there is usually more of it. If the practice we have d:sc-ibed is sanctioned or condoned in business ra!ations, it cannot be kept out of official relations. For instance, an architeet, anxlous for a profitable job, will not have any more compunctions about shar- ing his commissions with a man of * influ- ence " when the Job is public than when it is private. We think we have suggested what will be recognized upon reflection as the basis of such transactions as that now undergoing in- vestigation. Perhaps it Is this, too, which accounts for the apparent indifference with which such transactions are regarded by the public and the common immunity they find atthe hands of juries. At all events, such an investigation as is now going on will only result, at the most, in additional exposure of what is called corruption in public affairs but tolerated in common business transac- tions. It will notsuggest aremedy, nor yet make the practice of “ division and silence” any more odious. It is the recital of an old story. MANUAL TRAIRING IN rHE SCHOOLS. Peter Cooper says: “I learned three trades. I learned to be a brewer, a coach- maker, and a machinist, all before I was 2L years old. . . . Ldetermined to givethe world an equivalent in somse form of useful labor for all that I consumed in it. All the money I ever made was in mechanical business, and not in speculation.” Mr. Murry Nelson, of this city, in a late letter to Tue TRIBONE, says: * What Is to become of our sons, who, whatever their opportunities for study, have none for work. We carry them in the arms of luxury and idleness to the age of 21, and then expect them to under- stand the use and value of money, without ever having earned or saved a dollar, or had any chance to learn its cost. I went to St. Louis and saw the [manual training] school which your paper described. The classes of boys 1 saw there pursuing their trades and studies at one and the same time, with ap- parent interest and enthusiasm, seemed to me to solve the problem,—what shall we do with our boys ?” Doubtless ali parents would dearly Iove to make millionaires of their boys. 1t is equally certain that all wise parents would prefer that they should become millionaires by the Peter Cooper precess of giving the world “ an cquivalent in some form of useful labor forall that they consume,” rather than by the Vanderbilt and Gould process of specu- lation, by which Mr, Cooper says he never made a dollar. Very few of *“our boys,” however, can.become millionaires iu any event. The problem is: how to fit them best for the battle of life, how to give them a fair start in the race, how to make them useful to themselves and to their fellow- men, and hence strong and self-reliant. ‘Therc ought to be somo sequential relation between our system of public education and the desired result. “But it scems to be gener- ally conceded that, in the schools of the coun- try, whether of high or low grade, there is very little adaptability to this end. Charles Francls Adams, Jr., €alls our common-school method “a combination of the cotton-mill and the railroad with the modern State’s Prison,—peculiar to our own time and coun- uy.”” o adds: *“Under these circumn- stances, education is reduced to a mere proc- ess of cramming—answering conundrums and remembering formulas,” and concludes: “Such a denial, in a Republic, of a science of general education, Is one of the inexplic- able facts of the day.” Prof. Barbour, of Yale College, says: “QOur schoools are suffering frein congestion of the brain; too much thought and too little putting it into practice.” An observ- ant Englishman says of our schools: *“They teach apparently for information almost re- gardless of development.” In repelling Richard Grant White's assaults upon our public-school system, Prof. Swing is con- strained to admit that ‘“‘our public schools do, to some degree, build upan intellectual vanity more rapidly than they build up wisdom.” The Detroit Free Press says: “We call our boys heedless, though we havenot taught them to be observing. ‘Fhey learn all about planetary systems and cannot tell the size of abrick.” Says the Northwestern Lumber- man: *Most boys of middle-class families are expected to be self-supporting upon leav- ing schiool, though that sehool has not taught them a single practical preparation for self- support.” Mr. George A. Walton’s report of last year on the common schools of Norfolk County, Massachusetts, which compriseg cer- tain suburbs of Boston, contains starthng rev- elations which go far fo support the theory of hard Grant White. Says Mr. Walton: ** It is not too much to say that there is not asingle utterly exploded method of teaching children to read, write, ant cipher which was not fourld flourishing in full vigor with- in ten miles of Boston State-House.” Mr. Adams, from whose paper in the November, 1850, number of Harper’s Maguzine we have already quoted, thus describes the system which has led to the results given by Mr. Walton: “ From one point of view children are regarded as automatons; from another, as India-rubber bags; from a third, as so much raw material. They must move in step and exactly alike. They must receive the samo mental nutriment in equal quantitics and at fixed times. Itsas- similation is wholly immaterial, but the mo- tions must be gone through with. Finally, as raw material, they are emptied in at the primaries, and nmiarched out at the grammar grades—and it is well1* What Mr. Adams demands for our common-school system is the application of science to the metliods of instruction. In a word, in school the boy should be taught to read ashe will bere- quired to read, to write as he will be required to write, and to cipher as he will want to know how to cipher when he becomes a man, and so on. Being interpreted this means a practical instead of u finely theoretical education. Andit means manual as well as intellectual training. The savage of Australia in Capt. Cook’s time could Kill a pigeon with a spear -at thirty yards, but he couldn’t count the fine gers on hisright hand. The Southern Esqui- maux turns a somersnult in the water in his boat with ease. But his more Northern brother has no canoe, and is ignorant of the existence of a boat; he has no use for a boat, because the sea in the Iatitude of his home is frozen the entire year. The savage is taught what he needs to know in his condi- tion, and is taught nothing else; hence his skill in the few avocations he pursues. Tho civilized boy In school is taught many theories, but is not required to put any ot them In practice; hence he enters upon the serious duties of life unprepared to dis- charge any of them. It may be said that he is in real danger of the Penitentiary until he learns a profession or a trade. *Of 457 con- victs consignea to the State Prison for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania in 1879 five- sixths had attended public-schools, and the same number were without trades.” It is noticeable also that during the same period “not five were received who were what are called mechanics.” In the Denitentiary of this State four out of five of the conviets have no handlcraft. The fact that the skilled workman is far more apt than the common laborer to keep out of the Penitentiary1s a powerful argument in favoer of joining manual training to the men- tal exercises of our common schools. - Says a thinker and writer on the subject of manual training io the schools: “The boy leaving school should carry with him me- chanical, business, and scientific training, fitting him for whatever it may become necessary for him to do in the world. 1 would secure for society the advan- taze of all the brain capacity that Is born and all the training it can take. It is possible dnd practicable to let every child of fair capacity start in life from his school a skilled worker with the principal tools of all the mechanical employments, an athiete with the maximum of health possible to him, and thoroughly at home in science and literature. The child so trained would, when grown, be to the ordinary man of to-day what Rarus is to an ordinary plow-horse.” Tho general adoption of a comprehensive system of mechanical education in the public schools would quickly dispel the unworthy prejudice against labor which taints the minds of the youth of the country. The splendid career which this age opens to the educated mechanic would become clear to the vision of every boy in the land, and he would ses in the tools he was taught to handle the key, not only to fair success, but to wealth and fame. Prof. Thurston, Presi- den of the Amerfcan Society\of Mechanical Engineers, thus depicts the tremendous power wielded by the mechanic: The class of men from whose ranks the mem- bership of this soclety is principally drawn di- rect the labors of nearly toree millions of pros- perous people in three hundred thousand milis, Wwith 2,500 milllons dollars capital; they direct tho payment of more than 1, miilions of dol- lurs fu annuul wages; the consumption of 3,000 wniltions dollars’ worth of raw materinl: and the output of five thousand miltions dollars’ worth of manufactured products. Fifty thousand stenw engines, and more thun a8 many water- wheels, at their command turn the muchinery of these hundreds of thousands of workshups that everywhere dot our land, giving the strength of tbree millions of horses night or day. THE CLOSE OF THE FRANCO-TUNISIAN WAR. Power which seized India and squeezed 1 dry; which- invaded and occupied Afghan- Istan without even a decent pretext; which secretly grabbed the Island of Cyprus; which appropriated its South African Dos- sessfons without any one's leave; which took the Transvaal away from the Dutch on the most trivial pretenses; which has dong in Egypt precisely wnat France has done in Tunis, and which takes everything she wants by main force, combines a degree of hypoe- risy and insolence which might have made both Chadband and Pecksniff hide thejr faces! ACCORDING to late dispatches, everything is not smooth und pleasant after all between the Sick Man and the obstreperous little beggar, The details of tho new Greek frontier question scem to have caused an unexpected diticulcy, which creates new apprebensions as to a part of the Oriental question. The agreement of the Ambassadors in reforeace to the cession of ter. ritory and the new frontier has been oflicially accepted by Greece, Turkey, and the Powers, consequently it can only bo tho conditiong of the mode of the transfer of the territory which could produce any up. pleasantness. That the views of both Governments dircctly fnterested differ mg. terinlly on this subject i$ a well known fact, Above all, Greece demands iminedinte evacug. tion of the ceded territory. and insists upon & regulation of all other questions thereafter, The Sick Man, on tho other hand, will only give up and retire after he has reccived assurances that the Mussulmans in the ceded territory are to receive suflicient protection after he shalj bave left them behind him. This question of protection wiil be attended by lengthy discuse sions, negotiations, and diplomatic notes. It wmay be expected, thorefore, that the solution of the difficulties mow in tho way will ments of this Turko-Greoian imbroglio will be of great interest because, notwithstunding the exortions of the Powers to brinz akout & peace~ ful arrangement, it is not positively certain thag a bloody conflict will not be the end. ufter all, Bismarck seems to fear such a result, as is ip- dicated by a dispatch from Berlin, which states that Germany has souaded the other Powers upon thequestion of a prompt transfer of thy ceded territory to Grecce, In order to provent the Greok revoiutionary party from guining ground. Itis not in Rismarck’s program to let the Greek difficulty bocome of higher impor~ tance than the Franco-Tunisian affair, thereby alfording France nn excellent chancs to ‘fish in the dark, and makiog the job entirely too easy for her. The war between Franceand Taunis, if it can be called a war, is already at an end, and areview of the flurry is in order. From the first step to the last, the French, both from the diplomatie and military points of view, have managed their campaign with consum- mate brilliancy, promptness, and dash, -and their record standsout in bright contrast with the wretched work of the British Govern- ment in the Transvaal operations, for the relative strength of the combatants was about the same. ‘The French commenced their operations by dispatching men enough to accomplish their purpose,—the punishment of the Krou- mir. Although the physical obstacles in their way were very great, they drove them almost step by step away from thelr strip of territory between Algiers and Tunis upon Tunisian soll, and then, though it was an act of war agalnst the Bey, they invaded Tunis, bombarded the fort of Tabarea and occupied it, and then occupied Kef and disarmed its garrison. By the occupation of Tabarca they cut off the Kroumir from a supply of war material, and, by the occupation of Kef, from food. In this plight, and hemmed in on all sides, the Kroumir had no other alternative than to surrender. The sur- reunder left the French in virtual eccupation of Tunis. The Bey had appealed in vain to the Powers. Turkey, as the ostensible suzerain of Tunls, had made the same ap- peal with the same results. There was noth- ing left for the Bey but to make a treaty witlht the French, which was signed on Thursday Iast. The substance of this treaty, which substantially estavlishes a French protectorate over Tunis, is thus stated by the dispatches: It assures to France the right to occupy posi- tlone which the French military deem necessary for the malntenance of orderand security of the fronticr and tho coast. Frauce guarantees the Bey security of person, State, and dynasty, and the mainténanco of the nctually existing lIreaties beiween the Kegency and European Powers; the Bey not to conclude any new inter- national convention without a previous under- standing with France. The French diplomatic agents abrond will be charged with the protec- tion of Tunisian interests. The finaucial sys- tem of Tumis willbe regulated by France fn con- cert with the Bey to secure n bétter working of tho adwinistration of the Resency. A subse- quent convention will determine the amount and mode of collection of the war indemaity to be levivd upon the rebellious tribes, and guac-- anteed by Tanis. “The Bey undertakes to pro- hibit the importation of arms and ammunition on the coust south of Tunis, The relation of the European Powers to this affair and the utter contempt with which Turkey’s interests in Tunis were treated are alike remarkable. The Bey first appealed to France, who turned a deat ear. He thenap- pealed to Turkey, and its representative in Paris remonstrated with the French Govern- ment, which turned its other ear, equally deaf, to him also.. The Bey then invoked the intervention of the European Powers, and the Povwers also had deaf ears. They considered it as a matter of form, but, as they say in law courts, found no cause of action. Col- lectively they had no desire toopen up a new vhase of the Eastern question, so long as their own interests were not touched. In- dividually, there have been but two of the Powers that have manifested any interest in thematter at all—taly, on account of cer- | tning, could take possession of all the dynamits tain trade relations; England, onaccount of | manufactured in Europe during one year, siok jealousy, as usual. Italy, on being informed | a shaft to the centre of the ourth, of the conclusion of the treaty, directed her Lund il‘ with dfllfl "‘l":i m‘;’“’“ l:";“"lsm"; oprese: ivi e o ynamite, and explode the mine, e) . & -9 | pleces, which would aimlesly fiy through space, consider the treaty, This was nipped in | pnri they were drawn lnto tho sphere of ate the bud by Prince Bismarck, who uponre- | traction of some other large planet and forced ceiving the suggestion ordered the German | along In its course as satellitea. But the dis- Ambassador at Rome to declare most em- | tance m:uoloo Lhofiurfm; n; t.hocen(:;i :f :ho 'ea:‘zln i 5 isover 4,000 miles, and, In conses ce of 0 p:::':;;;"g} ,m:fm?e";“"y tmt“je‘l to 'Z“:lm:; gradually increasing beat, no shutt deepor than s 3 such altempt and rejected all | o i has so far boen sunk. We can, there- idea of a European conference on Tunisian fore, go quletly to rest without fear of bemng affairs. Bismarck is not averse to dolng sent spinning nround through the universe in France a favor so long as she maintains the | all dircctions. Government he wished to have established, T " and if France has Tunis he thinks, and has toP:::e' ‘;:sa“-:‘g?;":r‘ffa:’:n fn“‘l“:‘?;‘;cf 15;“1‘1_ even openly said, it will be a com.peusanon go should prove to be practicable, will be 'ol the her for the loss of Alsace-Lorraine. Russia | yionectimporsance andsave the business centres hasno interest whatever in Tunis, and, evenif | or tho world n great deal of annoyance, trouble, she had, she is too much occupied with her | and expenditure. The Professor proposes ta own wretched internal condition, which Is | muke a durable street aad sidewaic pavemens daily growing worse, and has now almost i reached acrisis in the Cabinet resignations, to give any attention to what is gcing on be- in the simplest manner possibte. He levels the street to be paved, Hilsa lurge tank with bowl- tween France and Tunis,—a country of no more importance to her than our Indian dors, and tho Intermediate square wita three Territory. If Austrin had any sympathy parts of water and one part of a certzin kind of acid. In forty minutes the contents of the tunk are dissolved into r thick sirup, which I8 pumped over the streetto be paved. It pene with Tums she would not show it after the | etrates the ground to a depth of eclghteen position assumed by Germany, for so long :)"f"“- fnd within. twents houss thie “"x';’"; “’(‘;’: as the alllance with Germany continues she | %008 8% 'I‘,';'a‘: = 5";‘;";“,}"(‘;‘:‘“"1“0” follows her lead. - Spain, a near neighbor of | ;ove 1o be practicable, then Prof. Vou Tunis, has not uttered a word against Guundling may be considercd a berefactor to France. The Barcelona correspondent of | manokind in general, but mere particularly 10 the Republiqe Francais explmmns this, | the City of Chicago. *“The real origiu of the general approval by Iyt - Spauniards of French policy In Tunis,” he !o:f‘{:f tIe’oh‘s‘h n('z' (."i‘x"‘:‘{’dng 1;]‘};;3::32 ish history and tradition upon the popular | of ene ora Kingdom of Poland now belonging ta mind that every war against the Infidel de- | Itussia. In the cities of tho Provinceof Sedice serves to succeed. Thusthe Spaniard reads | 69. per cont of the population aro Jews; of with sntisfaction of theexpedition against the | Ssuwalki, 67 per cent; Lornsha, 63 per ceat; Ra- Kroumir because for centuries the cradle- songs of his race have commemorated the glories of the Cid, and his life has been spent in the midst of memorials of the prolonged struggle which culminated in the expulsion of the Moors from Europe.” The ouly peo- dom, 62; Warsaw, 52; Kieize. lish, 43; sad Petrokow 3 per cent. In four cities botween 10 ple who have made serious protest against the French are the English, and and 20 per cent of tho totul population are Jews; they, in the language of the London in cight cities between 3) uad 40; in nine be- tween 30 una 4); intwenty-oné betveen 40und in twenty, between 50 und 69; In twenty-eight, between 60 and 70; in six, between 8) and %07 and, finally, in one city over9) per cent of tao total population are Jews. Forty-two cities have less than 50 per cent of Jewish population, and seventy-four cities have more than & per cente Tincs, feel a deep concern “that a nation which seemed to have entered upon a better path should allow itself to be turned by fan- cied commercial interests into a course not in accordance with the best traditions of public law.” MMr. Pecksniff himsef, in his happiest moments, never exceeded this exhibition of hypocrisy and this display of mock goodness — Tae pains taken by the German military authorities to keep their army and everything appertaining to its quick mobilization In tne best of condition and trim becumes apparent again by the appointment of & Com- mission whose duty it s to investl. mato the rolling-stock of all the railroads in tho Empire, and sco whether or not they are in possession of a suflicient number of cars to move a large army at short notice. The quan- tity as well as the quality of the rolling-stock is to be subjected to inspection. Investigations so far made bave demonstrated that the roads have the requisit number of third-cluss cars (cars with wooden scats or benches) on hand, besides enough baggage-cars to transport all the troops and traing that can be safely dispatched at the vroper intervals of tuue. The number of loco- motive engineers, iremen, brakemen, and other Ppersons necessary to run n train in the employ of the companies Is also suflicient for any emergency. On all the maia crossings of the trunk lines large and roomy military stations are belng constructed, for tho sole purpase of feeding and taking care of troops. These buildings will be furnished with all the neces- sary cooking and other utensils, so that in case of o mobilization the troops can be transported and fed with as little fnterference to regular ‘pmssenger travel as possible. Oa the other side, the French Departwent of ‘War has ordered a Military Commission to be sent to Germany, consisting of three officers, Messrs. Scherer, Cabaron, and Darlein, whose duty it is auring the coming summer to study the eystem of barracks for troops used by the Prusstan army, ‘Tho Commission has already reached Berlin. ————— TuE Prussian Minister of the Departmen! of Justice bas issued an order to bis subalterny ‘which it would be well for all American oftice - bolders and business men to consider ond taka to heart. That functionary has instructed hig sub-functionaries to sign their names to any of-~ ficial document in such a manner that it can ba deciphered with not too much' trouble and loss of time. * Daily,” he says ia his order, * I recetve official documents whici, iostead of being sub- scribed to in o legible hand, contain a few hieroglyphics aflixed to the end of their con- tents, which undoubtedly are meant for some- thing, but nobedy knows what.” It seems asif this practice of signing public documests wiih Iincomprehensible and itlegible pothooks bad becomeo fashionable in official and business lite on both hemispheres. Clerks writo out the body ment, and tho priucipal and what a fist it is! Tho Toutprint of a Shanghal rooster would serve the same purpose. Courtesy in common life re- quires that in conversation a person skall speak intellizibly, and use decent language, und com- mon decency.also demands that any person shall sign his or her name in a tegible manner. ————— ACCORDING to statistical reports Europs manufactures annually nine million pounds of dynamite. The explosion of one and a halt ounces of dynamite produces the same effect a3 the explosion of three pounds of powder. The explosion of nine million pounds of dynamite would be followed by the same destruction as million pounds of powder. If the Nibilists, in accordance with their do CouxTt vox Moxts hus been promoted to the runk of Real-Admiral in the German navy. He {3 regrarded as oue of tie best oflicers In tho German maurine serviee, and a splendid future is predicted for him. By his promotion the va- cancy existing in_consequence of the resignas tion of Rear-Admiral Kinderling has been tilled. The German marine now has four Reur-. —_——— <rino to destroy every-. tho explosion of one hundred and forty-four . v and morality. Such a declaration from a ' not soon be accomplished. The future develop.