Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 8, 1881, Page 4

* THE CHICAGU TKIBUNE: SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1881—EIGHTEEN PAGES. - @hye Tribme, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BY MAIL—IX ADVANCE—TOSTAGE PREPAID. Daily edition, one ye F12.00 fa T ron! 100 1£.¢0 .00 Nednesduy .00 G-paze edition, per yeu 2.00 “" WEEELY EDITION One’copy, per year. T i T'westy-one €o; Specimen cople it free. 1 Give Posi-Ofice addross fu full, including County and State. . ‘Remiuances may be 1ade either by drafi, express, Post-Ofice order, or in registercd Jetier, at our risk. 70 CITY SUBSCRIBE! Deily, dolivered, Sunday exoepted. 25 conts per week. Dolly, delivered, Sunday included, 30 cents per week. Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison rn-sts., Chicago, 1L Doay © POSTAGE. Entered at the Post-Offics at Chicago, Ik, oz Second= Class Matter. For tho benesit of our patrons who desire to send single coples of THE TRIBUNE throush the mall, we give herowith the trausient rate of postaze: D “Eicht and Trelve Paro sixteen Paze Papar. A Right ang Twelve Maze Pa \irteea Page Pi TRIBUNE BR. TUE ChIchGo TRIDUXE has established branch oftices for the receipt of suvscriptions and advertise ments as follows: NEW YORK~—Room 20 Tribune Building. F.T. MC- FADDES, Manazer. - GLASGOW. Scouand—Allan's American Nows Aponcy, 1 Renfleld-st. 1 Eng.- erican Exchange, 49 Strand. ni. Quarte caro Lady Quariette; pia comrades and friends of the Post 1rat. Siusic by Pound’s full Ozchestra. §o'el APOLLQ COMMANDERY. NO. 1 ENIGHTS TEMPLAR—Speciai Concluve Tuesdar epening, May 0, 1, 8t 6 o'clock, 2he Urder of the Temple will bé conferred. Visiting Sir Knichts are alwuys wel gomo, Tho arill corps il mounibo prompuly at 7:0 cr of ke Eminent Commander, Y 1.8, FIFFANY, Recorder. CBICAGO COMMANDERT, NO. L * KNIGHTS TEMPILAL—Sprelal Concinve Mondar evening, at 7:30 0'¢lock, for retiearal In the nutribuies of the Ited fiscort are particalarly requested to bu | order.of L E. G ANT LODGE. NO. 5%, F. & A. Communication of abuvo o thian Hall 157 East Kinzi iduy o i3,185L Muster Masons cordially inviic LEGH MASH GEO. A. WAIT, Seeretary. = g 4 Z % 0.0.F. EXCELSIOR ENCAMPMENRT, NO.103 1. . All Patriarchs will asserublc 3t the tent. corner Clark and Wastingiol gext Fridss eveoin ar 1 css.” Visi Fiarchs in; ML EO. B. PAKKINS, C. Gl LD, REINERS, Seribe- ST. BERNARD COMMANDERY. N 1 Conclave Wednesdsy eveninig. My Zon the Red Cross Order. Vis siy invited. 1y order of CORINTHILN CHAPTER, NO. 63, R. A. M.—Stated Mondas evening, May 4.at ¥ o'clock. Work on the Mack heeros, Visiting Companions are cited. Rforder. b ANTHUK WARRINGTON, IL P. J.0. DICKERSON, Secretary. T N e S Y Wome e smmunicadon Friday even May 1) - B woleome, - K. G: BEECHER, W. 3L CHAILES CATLLN, Secrétury. LAFAYETTE CHAPTRE, NO. 2 R A. M.—Stated (\‘&'n\'flmflbfl !onnday vl\‘emm: ny X'J. ::‘(rh v'clock. Visluag s welobe . sl companions B o R oISy TIL ML B IL P . WALJ.BRYAR, Secreiarv. PRINCES OF JERTSA- h Rite Masons—There Thunday evening ‘Grand Secretars. CHICAGO COUNCIL OF A.. Scoti tion on 2. rroe, wili be a- resular Conv next. By order of the s ED. G LODGE, A. F. & A, M.—Stated Com- May 10, Brethren and nvited Lo witness RANDEI, W23 NATIONAL munication Tuesdny cvening. visiting Master Masons cord:a our work. W. 0% WASHINGTON CHAPTER, NO. & I A. M.~ clal Convocation Friday” evenms, May Ii at <:5) O'clock, fur. work on the Rosal Arch D Visidng Companions cordially invited. Br ard CHA: Witla! egre BTTLER CITAPTER, NO. 3. O.E.S. willgive o dime socinl at their hall, corner Medison and_Robes- sts., Wednesday evening, May 11 Members of the Order and friends are invited 10 aitend. QUEEN ESTHER CHAPTER. XO. 41, O. F. W)l dive their May party at the Grand Arms Hall, 147 fsnst Washington-s, Wednesduy evening, May 1. Grand march ats:. SUNDAY, MAY 1881, e 8, 8 CARLYLE'S nicce has replied to Froude's complaining and deprecatory leiter. The lady sarcastically alludes to the historian’s reference to his mysterious reasons for publishivg the reminiscences, and intimates that these references have only aroused a eurlosity which he is in honor bound to sat- isfy. She ends by proposing that Mr. Froude shall surrender Carlyle’s papers for the ex amination of three friends of the -deceased essayist, who shall decide on what papers shail be published. This arrangemnent, she says, will be satisfactory to all parties. ALspy ANDERSON, the tragedienne, denies the-truth’ of the staiement that her step- father, Dr. Griflin, had misapplicd her funds and misappropriated her property. She as serts that she never usedany language which might be construed as giving any grounds | for the statement, and adds that her business | relations with her stepfather have been of | the most satisfactory character, and ends her statement by saying that “as long asIre main on the stare be will be my manager, znd so long as we both live he will be my father.” Ax-experiment of great importance has just been made at Calais, Frauce. Between that place and Dover, England, conversation has been kept up by means of a new kind of teleplions calied the electroplione, attached to the telegraph lines hetween the two places. ‘The listencr at Calais was able dis- tinetly to distinzuish not only the words of the speaker at the other end, but also to ree- ognize the speaker by his tone of voice. During the iime that the conversation was going on the wires were being used for the transmission ofy m zes by telegraph, and that transmission was made without any in- terruption whatever. ‘The inventor of the electrophone is of opinion that it can be used in connection with an Atiantic cable, and the suceess of his experiments so far seems to Jjustify his belici Miss CHARLOTTE G. O’BRIEN, the daugh- ter of the Ir patriot, William Swith O’Brien, who inherits all ber father’s philan- thropy and patriotism. has written a letter to the Pall Mall Gazctte,in which she depicts some of the horrors of the emigrant ship, and in which she contrasts the treatment necorded to the compuratively wealthy cabin- passenger with that nieted out to the un- triended emigrant. She graphically de- scribes the ‘sleeping accommodations of the young maiden emigrants, who are compelled tolive in the presenceof the husbandsor the alleged “husbands of women emigrauts, and to remove their clothes under the eves of these men. She pictures “the young mother, with two or three helpless babies, in i:.he agonies of sea-sickness, uzable to move save over the'prostrate bodiés of her fellow- sufferers, the innocent girl-child living awyng dissolute wen and abandoned women, and half stupefied with sickness and suffoca- tion and sea-sickness amid the curses and groans ‘of hundreds.”” The picture which she paints is truly terrible, but hundreds | dates were the Duke of Richmond, who w: and thousands in this country Wwill testify to the Tmaelity of the vortrait . which she draws, and itis well thatone of her in- fluence and posttion has taken up the matter. It is certain to lead to investigation and con- sequent improvement. Mr. O'Donnell, one of the Irish lHome-Rulers, has already given notice of his purpuse to call attention to the matter, and he cannot do it too soon in view of the exodus now taking place from Ireland. BRADLAUGH hats g as much trouble to the Gladstone Ministry as Mr. Parnell. The athelst Lideral has al- | ready been the subject of considerable de- Dbate and much litigation. The Oaths biil, | brought in to facilitate his admission to Par- liament, which was introduced at the be- ginning of last week by the Engiish Attorney-General, excites considerable op- position even among the Liberals, and the ‘Tories are determined to ob- struct its passage by every means in their power. ‘I'hey will divide on the first reading, on the second reading, fight the bill in committee, and divide again on the third reading, and, after it passes the Commons, it will be rejected by the Lords in all probabil- ! ity, for the Lords will count on having the support of the religious element in voting aguinst it. Iow much more happy would he Gladstone Ministry be with Bradlaugh away. Arcruisior Crox hel, has written aletter in which he expresses his belief that the Irish members should not avstain from voting for the second resding of the Irish Land bill. e cannot but admire tho sense of loyalty to Mr. Dillon whieli prompts his colleagues to abstain from voting, but, at the same time, he evidently thinks that there are some good features in the Lund bill, and that the Governnient may so amend it in Commit- tee as io render it more acceptable to the Irish people. At least he believes in giving the Government a fair triat. The letter of the Archbishop is certain to have reat effect with the extreme members. The Archbishod has fost no opportunity of de- fending the Parnellite policy so far, and in doing so has sometimes incurred the censure even of his ecclesiastical superiors and the abuse of the English press. 1015 wise advice will probably itave the effect of reconciling | the factions into which the Home-Rule party de. threatened to di .A FOREIGY dispatch intimates, upop what authority uncertain, that the English Tories have settled upon the Marquis of Salishury as their leader in place of the late Lord Beaconsfield. The prominent cau looked upon as a very safe gulde because i very conservative; Lord Cairns, a coutirmed Tmperialist; Sir Stafford Northcote, whom the Spectator churacterizes as a smooth, adroit man, with somevigor, so long as Beac- ousfield was behind him; and the Marquis of Salisbury, who eutsucha prominenttigure in the settling up of the Eastern question at the Berlin Congress, and as the manipulator of the San Stephano agreement with Turkey. ‘Fhe same anthority of the latter candi- date that he is * distinetly not safe, noteven lis own party knowmg what his policy really is, or that it does not coaceal some seeret agreement,” evidently referring to the Cy- prus matter, and that under hisleadershipthe party will “rush forward to the unknown, guided mainly by dislike of Liberalism, con- tempt for the delicacies of political morality and hatred for Mr. Gladstone and all his works.” If it be true that he has’ been selected, he will prove undoubtedly to bea Jeader of great ability and nerve, even to the verge of rashness, but it isalittle remark- able that the party should choose a leader in whoru they do not have perfect confidence, and who will be likely to lead them some véryremarkable dances. As theyaredes ing, however, of finding among their Com- 1moners a leader whe will be at once to thewy a leader and a program also, for there is very littte Tory ability in the House, they may as well take him as any of the others named. CONELING AND THE PRESIDENT. The posing of Senator Conkling m the character of a mueh-abused man will not add any strength to bis position. Ilis suc- cess heretofore has been coincident to his power and arrogance. e has not been ac- customed to rely upon sympathy or pity-for his allies. When, therefore, au attempt is made by his friends to manutacture public sentiment in his favor by representine the withdrawal of the New York nominations as a new affront and additional injustice to the poor but houest, the wealk but confiding Conkling, the rusc will only excite public ridicule. Mr. Conkling has been hammering the Administration over the head during the past twa months, and, now that the Adu tration has turned upon him in-its own de- fense, it is too late for Conkling’s friemls to cry out that their hero has been wantonly as- saulted. ! s- 1t is equally absurd to treat President Gar-. field’s action us a “challenge.” Conkling is and has been the challenging parly. 'The President has simply accepted the challenge when he could ne longer avuid it with honor. Coukling's threat was a two-edged sword. Iie announced that he intended to secure the confirmation of all the New York nomina- tions which had been made to please him, and then *hang up” over summer the only one that displeased bim. It was a mean po- sition Le took. He proposed to avail himself of all the favors that had been bestowed, but to make no concession in acknowledgment thercof. 1Ie would grab all he couid for himsel{ and his clique, but e wonld allow nothing to ro to the largeline of Republicans in New York State who- do not recoguize him as their lord and master. le wanted a one-sided fight, in which he should have all the munitions of war, and the Liberal Re- publicans should be confined to biting their thumbs. The President could not act fairly and sanction the Conkling program. hdrawing the Conkling nominations New York which had been made pre- viously, the President has simply said to Mr. Conkling: *“If you are making a combina- tion in the Senate to exclude the Liberal Re- publicans from all representation in the Gov- ernment service in your State after availing yourself of the generous allotment of patron- age which has been placed at your disposal, Tmust take such measures asIcan to pre- vent the consummazion of the scheme. I owe my nowmination to the Liberal sentiment in the, Republican party, and 1 owe my elee- tion quite as wuch to the votes that senti- ment controls as to the votes which you and your faction control. It would be conspicu- ously unfair, then, for me to give you the lion’s share of recognition and reward at the very time when you manifest the desire and claim the power to shut out the others from any consideration whatever.” ' The Presi- dent’s recent course was suggested by self- defense and a sen: of justice to a large part of his supporters. The * Lord helps those who help them- selves,” says an old saw. Mr. Conkling has acted upon this theory. He helped himself 1o all the patronage he could lay his hands on, and then he proposed to stand sentinel to prevent anybody else from getting a bite. The President has seen fit to protest wgainst this greedy and selfish policy. Fortunately, his protest has taken a practical shape. le refuses to furnish Conkling with guns and wowder to make war on the Administration; and he is right. . Strip Conkling of his patrondge, and he will no longer be tire po- litical power he believes himself to be. All Garfield nesd do is-to maintain “without flinching the bold front he has assumed, and he may rely upon the admiration and sup- port of ‘the people. President Jackson wont {hrough.a good dezl the same kind of fight, and he -forced hostile Sen- ators either to - surrender, or go out of the parly, or retire to private life. Presi- dent Garfield amay be. equally wiumphant with the same amount of nerve and persist- ence. Conkling is fighting for spoils,—the President for princinle. Conkling demands the Custom-1lou; The President demands freadom from ‘Senatorial dictation, protec- tion against Senatorial conspiracy, and a fair show forall the deserviug clements of the Republican party. 1f Coukling is’ deter- mined to stand in the way of so fuir and just a policy as this, then it isin”the interest of the Republican party and the country that Dis power should be broken, and the Prest- dent has taken the shortest, quickest, aud most effective means to that end. e o CONSTITUIIONAL Gg}?flEENflENT IN RUS- The London Daily News of Avril 23 printed a repors of o meeting of the Russian Council of Ministers which has since been shown to be more or less authentic. It is a little remarkable that an order for such an mportaut decision should have attracted so little mention in the foreign dispatches, at least after its publication by the News. The objeet of this Council, over which the Caar presided, wits to deeide whether a Constitu- ent Assembly, elected by the people. bub with only consultative powers, should be conceded. 1t appears that the late Czar sanciloned the suunmons, and even signed the ukase, and it was freely stated In the dis- cussion by the Miuister of Finance that Lt the deceased Emperor had vublished the ukase on the anniversary of Feb. 19 (March 2, N. 8.) le would have tived the last week amidst the rejoicings of his people; and maybe the terrible event of March 113 would have been avolded.” The plan proposed, as stated by the News, was “to convoke a. Council, 1o be eleeted by the Zemstvo or Departmentul Couneils, in which the peasants have seats., by the towns, and by the nobles; to summon the representatives to St. Petersburg, and to invest them with power to advise the Czar as tothe legislutive changes required by the whole Empire.” In the discussion it wis assumed that the right of givine advice wouhll not be limited, and Count Meilkoif, who introduced the scheme, stated ‘that the debates would be public. The arguments against the measure were two in number, the first being that it would prove incompati- ble with the oath of allegiance, which was made to the Autoerat, and this Council would be fatal to antocracy, and the other that it wouldalicnate theclergy, and, through thgu, the peasantry. Count Melikoft ar- dehtly combated these arguments by con- tending that there would be no limitations on autoeracy by the establishment of such a Council, as was shown by the approval and sanction of Alexanger IL After a long and very warm discussion by the fourteen Ministers assembled, nine of them, including the Ministers of the Interior, of Foreign Affairs, of War, and of Finance declared in favor of the projeet, and only five, the most prominent of whom were the Minister of Ecelesiastical Affairs, pronounced 2, tit. The Emperor then rose and ordered the ukase to be prepared by Gen. Melikoff, and directed that it should be eseribed to his father; Alexander IL. who had originated it. The proposition sums itself up in the fol- lowing situation: A deliberative and ad- visory Parliament co tocracy having the right of absolute veto. This is not a new experiment, a5 it has been tried in the past in Franee and Denmark. ‘The two may exist side by side, and it.is questionable whether the Russian pople, so diverso in nationality, are yet ready for any nearer advance to constitutional government than the right of giving advice, while an absolute veto, if wisely used, might be of value in checking radiéal measures such as would unquestionably be proposed and demanded in great numbers until the people had become accustomed to their new political conditions. - The strongest opposi- tion to'the measure, will unguestionably come from the bureaucracy, which is made up of the Russian nobility. The abolition of serfdom by Alexander IL left them almost powerless in political intluence, and the naw measure will strip them still further, so that they will probably raise almost as great a elamér against a Parliament as the Nihilists have been raising against autocracy. The London Speetator, diseussing the measure. very clearly states the probable results ag follow: I s, there is mothing beforo Russia, sooner o later, but a revolution, in. which the peasuntry are ‘suré to obtain the upper band, wund sure elter to breuk up 1Russin, OF to submic Themselves to u strong wilitury’ dlettorship, with u territorial democruey as its buse. 1f, on the other band, it succeeas, Furope will her easiery border an extremely powertui State, iu which ZUUKLD 0f people arc governed by T and in dceordance with inei i whaich population and prosporil & &, y slowly steudlily augment, and in Which 0 populr sov- Lol ereigu, n hurniody with his people, executive power. Thut State wil formidable, from Its ualty, from i and from its demoerati open, and all discus but it will uot be nece: will be tr s the tottering despotisim 1 If the information furnished by the News be correet, and there does not scem to b any reason for doubting it, the progress of the experiment will be watched with great inter- est as the first step towards a complete repre- sentative government in the place of this an- cient despotism. One thing is certain: it must disarm Nihilism by withdrawmg the sympathy of the immense mass of the Rus- sian people from it. LORD BEACONSFI{ELD'S START IN LIFE, It has been the fashion to speak of “the *obstacles ”” which Lord Beaconsfield had to overcome in n the world and to em- phasize his suceess by dwelling upon the dis- advaniages of birth, edueation, and fortune which he had to contend with. - The Spec- tator considers the eulogies of his Lordship from this point of view, and shows, very happily, that his supposed disabilities were in fact as unsubstantial as alimost any other part of his theatric surroundings. His birth was not low The elder Disraeli was a literary man of repute when hisson was born. The father wasoneof a coterie of men ot letters who had more in- fluence in polities than writers have enjoyed in England since that time. ‘Fhe noted Samuel Rogers was one of his constang guests, and he knew everybody worth know- ing in England who could handle apen. The Jewish descent might have prejudiced the younger Disraeli’s political position, but his tather was shrewd enough to perceive this, and compromised with his consclence very cléverly by having him confirmed as a member of the Chureh ot England at the age of 12. This act took place when the youth- ful Benjamin was mnot supposed to be morally responsible for it. llence he was never looked upon *as an apostate by his own race, to whom it was known that he, wore the shackles of Clristian fellowship most lightly, while his communion relieved him from all political disabilities and gave him good and regular standing ameng En- glishmen. = Thenceforth he was a Jew among.Jews and a Christlan among Chris- tians, Hisown race followed his brilliant yise to power with pardonable sympathy. Ilis virtues were celebrated during his lite and after his death by hundreds of Jewish journalists and newspaper proprietors, “wyyhose oplnions,” to quote the Spectutor, «ywere flashed by the agents of the Ilebrew monopolist of telegraphs as those of the great commurities of Europe.” Nor .was. Benjamin Disracli's education neglected. * He was brought up in « library: and among men of letters, From his earliest recollection he breathed the atmosphere of authors. 1lis father and his father’s friends were scholars, In their soclety and under their divection he sceured a dezree of culti- vation which few could obtain in the public schools and the universities. Yerhaps it was 1ot Liis misfortune that he was not compelled tospend several years of youth in making Dbad Latin verses, nor that he was not steeped in Greelc roots and other such educational oroth during the eritieal period of his ado- lescence. He knew books sufiiciently. e knew men better than almost any of his con- temporaries. 1le began to study society and manners and fo mensure and attain control of the forces by which promnotion is seeured atan age when most young Englishmen are rowing hox es or following the hounds. 1lis novels prove this. Who can read them without being convinced that their author was profoundly persuaded of the duty of aspiring young men Lo cultivate the rich and powerful? This wo know he did, and with the most remarkanle suceess. 1lis fortune wis not narrow. ITis father left abundant means to provide for his per- sonal wants. 1le was at liberty to embrace » politienl eareer whenever he felt so disposed. A5 he married a rich wife, and from that moment he was in more thain easy pecuniary circunistances, and he left a large fortunc which he had doue little to accumulate by his owi labors. Disracli secured his start and all his early promotions in politics through **influenc Y He was tho pet and protesé of several noble Louses, which his fathor frequented on terms of inthmaey.” The Foresters gave him his seat for Shrewsbury; ys protected him warmly and strongly. i among the most fastidious of munkind inre- gard to his associates, and the younger Dis- racli started in life as a bejeweled, scented dandy. 11e had, in short, the rankand fortune of a country gentleman, and the moment hé censed to ben Jew he had 1o obstacles to overcome except, those which confront. all candidates for fame. That Lord Beaconsfield was a man of great ability, singular tenacity of purpose, indomituble pluck, and sublime contidence in himself, no one who has read his life can deny. But he did not rise superlor to cir- ceumstances as Lord Eldon did, or Burke, or Gawmbetta, or Thiers, or our own Lincoln and Garfield. 1l was merely one who made the best of himself under propitious and favorine conditions. They were men who conguered fate and misortune itself. 11c had not far to travel until the aristocracy discov- ered his abilities and possibilities of being useful to their caste. They lifted him up and carried him forward. A constituency dominated by feudal and Tory intluences kept him in Parliament for thirty years. The aristocracy made opportunity for him, and Jie was smart enough to ride in on the Li.h,)'flut 1eads on to fame and fortune. {f MAYOR HARRISON'S REFORNS. The principal objéction urged against the reélection of Mayor Harrison was the loose and indifferent manner in which he exereised, or omitted to exercise, his anthority for the suppression of certain grievous offenses against morality, decency, and public order. These offenses were of three kinds: the illegal fmmunity enjoyed by gublers and gawbling houses; the inumunity enjoyed by the public establishments where liquor was sold to miscellaneous crowds of men aud women, and boys and girls; and the freedom from police Interference exjoyed by notori- ous dens where ehildren were victimized and made the instruments of the most degraded forms of vice and crime. Arguing from the past, it was objected that If Mayor Harrison was reélected the rediection itself would be construed as an indorsement of what was claimed as liis * liberal policy,” and that the future would be even worse than the past. Better results, however, may follow, and no class of citizens will more cordially applaud and sustain the Mayor In the sharp, repressive measures of reform, it in- stituted by him, than the great bulk of the 25,000 citizens who voted against him. The fiscal adwministration of the City Government during the past two years,so had control of it, was unobjectionable, and as hebhasnow given some assurances of achange in the onicial treatment of the criminal class, and has by actual proceedings reformed cer- tain gross abuses, the public have reason to hope that some of the worst blots on the city will be wholly removed. The Mayor has, it is sald, - pra broken up one of the most demora the various classes of gambling-houses, those known as “keno establishments.” Into these dens, wherever theyare tolerated, are gathered, night after mght, as many persons as the room will contain, of all classes,— men and boys, clerk: nen, laborers, mechanics, teamsters, storekeepers, and, in fact, all who have 50 cents or more at their command. It 1s needless™to say that the bulk of this money remains in the estab- lislunent when the gamesters retire for the night. The sums ventured are comparatively small, but the ventures repeated. The game is practically a sort of lottery, in which the tickets are sold and. blanks and prizes drawn with a rapidity that exeiles the pur- chasers intensely. The frequenters and pa- trons of theso establishments are not gener- ally of the class who attend the regular or ordinary gambling-houses; but as. each vie- tim loses all he has, and the number of pa- trons are ten to the one who visit the more costly establishments, the aggregats plunder is very large, and the number of persons edu- cated practically in gambling Is immensely greater than in any other. Let the hayor receive due praise for this ranch sum:ress‘ofi. of gambling, and let its good results inspire i to extend the reform to all other classes of gaming houses. T'he Mayor has, itiselaimed, included in his pronosed reformatory measures the refusal to liceuse any place for the sale of liquors where that business is merely the cover for offenses against public decency. These are the so-called places of amusement, patron- ized, unfortunately, by youths of both sexes, and where girls and boys are filled with liquor, and where but the thinnest veils only shut out the filthiest immoralities. For this let the Mayor receive, as he deserves, all praise. e has revoked liquor licenses to many persons operating houses of this char- acter, and promises that hie will not renew them. We are aware of the difliculties at- tending thisbusiness. The moment a lieense to A B is reveled there is an application filed by C D. 'This- application is indorsed by numerous persons in the neighborhood. The Mayor cannot fairly refuse a license, bnt as soon as it is granted it ap- pears that C D is- a cousin or other relative, or an empl a Darkeeper, or other friend of the first ineum- bent, and that practically the old gang is re- installed. It often happens that a license is issued to a person wholly unknown to the police, and that this license passes by assign- ment through several hands before it reaches the real keeper of the brothel. The public will not share the Mayor's regret that in cach ease where he revokes n Ticense he can- | not restore the money. The forfeiture of the license is by law part of the” penalty for the misconduet which authorlzes the license to be revoked. It is part of the contract made with the city, and, under the circum- stances, is no more a hardship or an oppres sion than is any other legal penalty for vio- Iatine the ordinances for public indecencies and immoralitics. Nor will the general public share the Jlayor's tolerationof the places where known thieves and criminals resort, on the ground that the proprictors are serviceable to the po- lice in the arrest of erhminals. The informa- tion thus obtained from such sources is zen- erally and naturally worthless. It stands to reason that men whose business s exclusive- Iy with thieves, who share their confidence and aid them in their jobs, caumot af- ford any assistance to the law in capt- uring -or -convicting their own friends, customers, and patrons, The fact that asaloon is a resort for criminals, a place of refuge, and i home to which they o in con- fidence of protection, and to meet and consult with partners, is of itself an all-suflicient renson why such saloon should be closed, and the * exchange*’ broken up. ‘Fhe efforts which have been made from time to time to break up the vending of iu- toxicants to minors seem to be somewhat successful. The Mayor has given it his quasi or qualified support; but, more eficaclous than all, the Saloonkeepers’ Association has itseli declared its purpose to brand that offense a3 altogother inexcusable. On the whole, we thizk w2 can, in thename of the great mass of the people ot Chicago of all parties, thank the Mayor tor his healthful promises, and espeeially for his substantial action on this subject of suppresston of pub- lie indecency. Lit him go on in his zood work. The fieid is a wids one, but not too wlde for a City Executive backed by the uni- versal support of the whola conmunity. X TEE PHILOSOPHY OF STRIKES, There is as much infection In strikes as there is In small-pox or Asiatie cholera. One labor strike ahmost inevitably leads to an- other. About the beginning of the recent series of strikes was the demand of the con- duetors and drivers of the West Side Horse Railway Cowmpany for incrensed wages, and the temporary suspension of operations on that line pending the refusal of the Company 1o yield to the demnnd. The West Side ear- men, whose claims were exceptionu!ly good, struck while the iron was hot, and their suc- s led rapidly to simifar attempts in other cities and among other classes of workmen, who had less cause of complaint, to secure Letter pay. These: atrempts have been at- tended with varying degrees of suceess, but the agitation is not yst allayed, and will not be, in all probability, until a reaction shall set in against the overdemands of the work- ingmen. It is unfortunate that there is no means to gauge the proper relations between capital and kabor; the tendency of the former is to-grind down aud of the latter to push upward until the cheek comes on either side by the practical inability of the other to yield further. Labor strikes and lockouts are the natural incidents of two extremes of industrial and commercial conditions. They come in the period of depression and likew atthehight of prosperity. In the former case the em- it sist the tendency to contract their and in the latter they insist upon an Strikes under a conditton of general depression are at onee more formid- able and more pitiabie.than at the other ex- treme, for then they mvolve great suffering, and at the same time develop a desperation which too frequently leads to disorder and violence, The strikes of to-day, though al- most as general as they were a few .years ago, during the most trying period of the hard times, have not aroused the same amount of Dbad blood, nor caused the same disturbance in business, nor created anything like as much apprehens and law-abiding cit] s. ‘There has been generally a basis for the adjustment of the differences between the employers and em- plo; and, where such adjustment could not be reached directly by an agreement upon new terms, the opportunities for employment have been so abundant that the strikers have sought work in some other ficld, and busi- ness has been so good that the employers have found labor at curvent rates rather than endurg the losses.of prolonged suspen- sion. The impulse of self-detense prompts the capitalist or his manager on his behalf to reduce wages at the first indication of a diminution of profits, and if he rises superior to such temptetion Le certainly begins the reduction when aetual loss in business con- fronts him. As the cord tightens in the ad- vance of hard times he continues to bear down upon the wages class until the latter ean stand no furthier reduction without an apprehension of want and suffering in the family, and then comes the lockout, with possible conflict and violence. Whon the turn comes and the affairs of the capitalist look brighter and he begins to make mouney again, the passion of greea prevents him from voluntarily sharing his prosperity with the wages class. The demand for in- creased pay must come from the employés, and, in case of refusal, the only remedy in the absence of a system of legal arbitration is a strike. :As rents, food, clothing, and the costof all the necessaries and comforts: of fife increase, the workingmen continue to ‘demand increased compensation until they overreach themselves, and the true level is fixed. ‘I'he reaction m the case of strikes is as and inevitable as the strikes them- e The increased demands of the me- chanieglead up to inereased prices for agri- cultural implements and supplies of all Kinds, as one instance. But the farmer’s an- nual purchgses are limited by the réulization upon'his afhual erops, and this is governed by the season and the foreign demand. If agricultural implements go so high that the farmer, with an income whith has been de- termined by other conditions, cannot afford to make new purehases, he will repair his ol tools or go without new ones, aud thus the demand for agricultural implements falls off. The supply at the shops becomes re- dundant as a consequence, and the price goes down. With the fail of prices comies a re- duction in wages. That is one instance of reaction. In another. the mechanics and laborers continue to raise their demands for wages until the master builders and con- tractors begin to lose their jobs. The wman who has put aside say $5.000 for building a house this summer is informed that if he proceeds his house will cost him $6,000 upon the new scale of prices for labor and material caused by the strikes. There- upon he abandons his project for the time being. A succession of such occurrences oceasions a lull in building enterprise when a great rush was expested. The mechanics and laborers thus discover that they must lower their demands in order to obtain work, and the building project is resumed aftera time upon the basis originally contemplated. The principle of reaction could thus be illus- trated in manifold ways. Experience has developed a philosophy of strikes, but that philosophy suggests no other remedy than that of reciprocal modera- tion and discretion on the part of employers and employés. In the absence of justice on tho one side and forbearance on, the other, on on the part of peaceabls | the only solution seems to bo an overreaching demand and the consequent reaction. Mrre. Sanair BErvrAroT, the gctress, Tier sister, Mile. Jeunne,—who does not seemn 1o have eloped with a member of the troup: as has been stated in the dispatches,—and others of her company sailed for Europe the other day from New York, with $209,000 in her pockets, which she has succeeded in deftly extracting from the pockets of Ameri- can theatregoers. She went away very quietly, us thore was no need of advertising iier.any more, and she had secured what she came over here for, with the assistance of the bland and childlike Mr. Jarrett, her manager, behind whose innocent aspect Jurks much of craft and knowledge how to take advantage of popular curiosity and sensation, While we have no disposi- tion to begrudge Mile. Bernhardt her good fortune -in a pecuniary sense, for she faithfully fulfilled all her engagements. we doubt not that a great many people are now wondering if they did not pay pretly heavily for the plensure, and if they really recelved a quid proquo for their money. Prior to her departure the lndy expressed the hope that she woald be able to return to the United States before long, und appear in Shakspearean charucters! It is doubtful, however, whether we shall sec her again. The manager who 8o handsomely skimed the milk lcnows better than to go any deeper into the Jug. 1t isto Mlle. Saral’s credit, however, that she only tool with her what belouged to lor, and did not, like one of her compatriots, who made her reputation in Parls, and who salled about the same time, carry off another woman’s husband. Astronomical. Chicago (Trisuxs oflice), north latitude A1dey. 32, 575.5 wost lougitude 42m. 183, from Wushingtou, and S, S3m. 393, from Greenwicn. The subjoined table shows the timo of rising or sutting of the moon’s lower limb, and tne of- ficial timo for lizhting the first stroet-lunp in cach cireuit jn tufs city, durlag tho coming sweek, unless orderod sooner on account of bad hor. Also tho followlng times for extin- gulshing the first lamp: Day, Afvon sets. Light. Extinguish. 12:00 p. m. $:05 0. ool May 15, » 9347 pom. The muon will be full at 63 n. Friday. The sun's uppor limb will rise on Monday at 41453 . ., south at 1k, 8m. 15.1s. a.m., and v P sot nt 7074 p. m. The suw's upper Wmb rises Friday next at 4:4135 n. m.. soutas uz 1k, 53w, (3.35. . m., and sets at T:1043 p. . The stdereal time Thursday mean noon will be [ rise Thuraday at 4:31 n. m., and southat 11:32 a.m. He is now nenrlog the sun. His superior tonjunotion will-occur Muy 17, Venus has pussed io the piace of morning star, and will soon be u conspicuous object in (ho morning twillzht, but is at present near totho sun. Next Thuraday she will rise at 3:51 a. 1., and south at 10:33 u. . “ Mars wiil rise Toursdayat 2:42 2. m., and south atS:9a. m. lleisvisible ns a worning ster fn the constetlation Pisces, o few degrees south from the eastera side of the Square of Pegasua. Jupiter and Satura are still nearly togethes, a3 reterred to the earth. They now rise before the sun, but are too near him yet to be conspicuous a3 moroing stars. Next Thursday Saturn will 2. m., and gouth at 0:50 a. m. Jupl- Tis terwill rise that day at 4:0S a. ., and south at 10:39 2. m. Uranu; Il south Thursday at 7:22 p. m., be- ing then in rizht ascenzion 10 bours 15 minutes, and north dectination 8 dezress 4l minutes. He i5 amony the starsof Leo, a tittle west trom No. 63, and n litele eastof south from No. 53, both of that consteliation. Neptune will south Toursday ac 11:27 a. m. Right ascension £ hoars 4913 wminutes, and north dectinniion 14 degzees 30 wminutes. He was in conjuncticn witét thu sun lnst Wedaesday. All the maojor plancts of the solar syatem, ex- cept Uranus, are now worning stars, as viewed from the earth. A few weeks henee they will Izt up the morniug sky as_brilliantly as they Iy did the evening frmament, end will even a grander displar. th the moon will b2 with Venus, Sa- piter, two duys before she eclipses arly noxt month Venus will e at her the sun. greatest britliancy, and near Saturn on the of tho bti, while thirteen duys luzer sho ill bu bunched with Jupiter and Neptune, sud Murs will shine above thom. The pianet Mer- cury will, nowever, by that time, have moved around to tho castern side of tho suu, setting after him. ———— Tue Loundon Spectator, in an artiele to which reference s made elsewhere, holds thut the disadvantage of birth in England, so far us political success I concerned, I8 very slight,— +not half 30 great us that of n ppor presence, or a sifght sturter, ur a defect of vision, or a Carls- tian name which recalls ridiculous recollectons or provokes invidlous comparisons. Detter by far be born Levi or laborer than possess a squint, or be littlo lame, or be calied Alciblades Tomkms.” Rank is still au advantage, though a slight one, to an English poiftician. Thé de- sire to be or toscem to be nearer to the peopio is constanily growing. Many members of Par- Iinment habltually drop their coats of arms in Debrett. and the tendency 15 always in the direction of democratic equality. In France tho successful public men are conspicuously men vf the people. Gumbetta was tho son of a clothes- \ seiler and Thicrs she son of a locksmith. In the United Statos ** family ** or *birth** is a positive disadvantage. The Adumses buve beea hurt not helped by belonging to a fuwily of Presidonts. It was Hancock’s misfortunc in the last cam- | puign that he was bolieved to bo an uristocrat. Jackson, Jolinson, ana Lincoln were poor white “craclkers.” Gurfleld was the son of a widow in indigent circumstances. Graut was' the tanoer boy. —_——— Tnere is not much use in arguing the North Side boulevard ordinance serlously, a3 it seems to be foredoomed to . veto and ultimate defeat. Butitisat least permissible to dircet tho attention of those who are denouncing the scheme nsun “outrage” and an *aristocratic grub ™ to certain facts whieh put a more favor- able light on it If fr should go through it wonld provide the North Side with a really line prom- enade,—something it has not now and never has had,—which would be as wmuch a bencetit to tho ‘poor minus to the rich. There s no reason why the keeping up of such & promeunde ar public expense would be any more of an “outraze” than tho maintaining of ** Unter den Linden,” or tho Bois de Bonlogne,or Hyde Park in London, or any of tho public parks fn this country. It would be getting a promenade cheaply to be charged only with tho cost of keepicg it up. There are, of course, other objections to the boulevard, tno forco of which it would bo foolish not to rueng- nize and admit. And whether the defeat of the ordinance will be a misfortune or not, it is un- questionably true that a very considerable num- ber of persous on the North Side, property-own- ors and pthers, are opposed to the whola project. - TiE movement in Boston in favor of a World's Fair'in that city in 1385, saysa New York viper, is growing and streawthening. It §s pro- posed to use as n nucleus the grounds and build- ings now being preparcd for minor expositicns this full, thus saving an Important item of ex- pense. A rough estimate bas been made, show- inz that the total cost of tho enterprise would not exceed $3,000,000, and busiuess men are con- fldent that such an investment would be repald, dollar for doilur. Boston Is too small ¥ town for a “World's Fair,” and 1855 i3 too soon. New York ought to hold one iu 1530, and Chicago one in 1 909, which wouldeclipse all thut had pre- ceded it _— ——— PoiLApeLPirA had its doetor-mill where any one could purchuse u doctor's diploma from Dr. Buchunau for o small consideration. The City of London can now boust of an agency where the orders and decorations of potentates gan be obtained to order at different prices. ¥ho Tanisian Nisham-Istikar order can be hud for 2500 fraucs: the Tunisian order of tuo Cruss ot Honor for officers costs .000 francs: those decorations .are worn ona red and wreen ribbon thrown in frec of charge to the pur- choser of one or bothof the orders. The Per- sian order of tuo Lion and Sun can be hud On the 25tk of | for - 5,000 frames; the red. ribbon - thereto Is als0 included In that "p::f’"é?;‘ i Pope's order of $t. Sylvester I3 turnlsna'; | to purchasers at 450 francs, and that * of Grogosious the Great for 5,990 francy, The dealer in these urtlcles guarantees thp eenuineness of the orders and tho dooumentary evidencos accompunying them. “He hopes aooy 10 be able 1o lay before his customers o numpln:: assortment of all tha orders and decorationg within the gift of tho crowned heads of Europ ‘Thero Is a bill peading before the Freucncnmef bers which provides that anybods paying 10,0 francs: aunually can obtuln bis diploma as g Duke; for3,300 franes pald annually fnto the French Treasury any one can enjoy the dlating. tion of belnz a French Count. Tke orders ang decorations now being purchasable, why shoulq not our Amerlenn nubobs, or mental arlstoerats, who are s0 anxious for a title and a picce of req ribbon In their button-holes, avail themselves of the opportunity and engraft upon our Repub- lican institutions a system of rexular blue-blnog uristocrucy, purchased and paid forat libera] prices? Dulke Roscoe, of Conkling Munor, would be a stunnor, and Countess Katinka de Chasse, of Edgewood I{ouse, would sound very well e : Tre following is a comparative statément of the sales of postage-stamps, stamped envel- opes.and postal-cards for the quurter ending March 31, 1881, aud for the corresponding period of tho preceding yeur, at twenty-tive oflices: 11t qrter) 185t Ist q'rter] 12 189, | Iner'se. ,mz Name of ofice. 6271 150950 TR,504 100,503 109,002 i i b Washington Buffalo...... silwaukee Louisvilte, Ky ILuny. Rochester, N Y. Providence,t.1 Indianapolis. Hurtford, Conn. Newark, N. J.... Kansas City, Mo St Paul, Minn.. Total. o “Ducrease. i It will be observed that Chicazo stands second on the list, holding her lead of Philndelphia ob- tuined in 1830. Boston comes in fur the fourth place, and St. Louls fifth, but with less than hal the postal receipts of this citv. It is believed that tho postul revenues for the year will ex. ceed 36,000,000, which will be about 24,00,00 more than tho estimates made eizbteen monthy ago. This excess Is due to the revival of busle, ness, which was unanticipated when the estis! mates were made. —————— o 2y i £ 24 O e 1 0 0 o ki B0 o &l & It is more and more becoming apparent ' that during the duy of the cxecution of the Ni« Bilists ut St. Petersburk everything did not pass off us quietlyund smoothly as the Goveromens and the volice desired. While the prisoners were on the way to the scafold ladies waved their hundkerchlefs and threw kisses ‘gt Sopble Perowskajn. So writes the cor- respondent of the Kuelnische Zeltung, snd” tbo correspondent of a Vienna paper ro. ports an open revolt of the people agninst the police. The lutter wery informed that the stu- dents would make an attempt to liberate the prisoncrs,” and for that purpose they would ! assemble in the neighborbood of the St. Aune Courch. A large force of police being seat there twenty students were arrested. Wulla! they were being drugged olong the streets the people surrounded them with the cry of “Let us liberate tho students! Down with the po- lice!” Dense masses of men and women held the policemen closely encircled. Hut one of the ofticers gave the slgnal of distress, and sooni after soldiers appeared, who dispersed the peos . ple at the point of the bayouet. Innumerabls: arrests were made. “This,” says tho come spondent, *was the first instance in which the people took openly the part of the revolutionary party.” ————— : REFERRING to the late extraordinary pers’ formunces of the United States Scoate, the New York Natfon deplores the fact that the Capital of the Taitend States Is not some lurge commer cial ¢lty. Irscews to have speciully inminda scaport, and in particular the City of New York. There Is no need of argumentto show that Congress might often be guided to higher wisdom in its deliberations by the outslde pross- ureof a commereiul people. But there is 8 deneeron the other side. The interests of 8 trading community afe not always the same a3 those of & produciyg commuuity. o, If they are, it is ditlicult to perceive their identity atall imes. If the Capital were New York City, Congress mizght often be influenced by Wall street to adupt measures which in the opinion of forty: nine fiftieths of the people were crroncous. As to the advantages of constunt association with ¥ politielans during the pericds of ¢ nscendency, there would e at least nin the minds of the people. Ontlie whole, New York will not appear to tho averngs voier the ideal spot for the National Capltal Even Wushington is better. § ———t————— Iy tho neizhborhood of Sparta, Greece, un+ til receutly there has stood an nwed and yigintle cxpress-tree, regardedby the populuce with the utwmost veneration. According to patrioticbes licf, it was more than three thousand yearsold 2nd obtained mention in the pages of Pausanizt and other anclent historians. This tradition seemed Justified by its size, for it rose one huns dred und sixty feot in the air, und overshadowed an arew threo hundred feet In circumference. But i short tiwe ngo a band of gypsies cooked their noondiy meul in'fts shade; the dry bark accidentatly ignited: and, despite enrnest exer tious, the entire tree was destroyed by the flames. The disaster, an exchansge says.bad 8 depressing effect upon the. spirit of the entirs natlon, betng deemed of evil omen to theat- tempt to restore to Greeee her former territorse Doubtless -the feeling of depression was avg- mented fn Sparta by the thought that thers would no more be attracted thither the hune dreds of tourists who had annunily come from all parts of Europe to see theold tree, and whose sofourn brought no small umount of grist to the Spurtan mill. —— Mg Warrrice, while editor of the Now England Eeview, a Whig publication, wad oblized to reply to an attack made by William Lioyd Garrison on Mr.Ciay us n slaveholdgr Tue Hartford Post says that Mr. Garrison e sponded vigorously. and that an cquaintancs, Mr. Morgan, aficrward entering Mr. Whittler't oflice, found biw agitated and excited und pres paring an answer to Garrison. He handed the manuscript to Mr. Morgan with the request thst he should read it and without u word further left tho place. When he returned ke foquired of Mr. Morzan how be liked the article. The Iatter replivd that it was entirely successful 388 response to the great agitator’s arrument. Mr Whittier took the manuscript in his hand sad tore it Into shreds. remarking, with an expres slon of intense fecling in bis looks: * Mr. Mor- gan, L cunnot eater lnto a controversy with thas mag. Ie hus God's eternal truth on hisside” : e ——————— Tie Grand Duke of Baden is the most liberal and progressive of il the Europead rrinces. He hns reduced the public expenses of his Duchy by curtailing the number of Ministers composing his Cabinet of Advisers. The Des purtment of Commerce has been abolished, 8ad the Departments of the Railrond, Mait, sod Telograph services huve been transferred to the Jinistry of Finance. The Departments of Jus tice and Educution are consolidated; tho b= partment of the Incerior regaius the $am Stisser, of the Interior, and Grim, of the Des partment of Justice. have resizued, Mr. Tucbad taking the place of the former and Mr. W. Nekk the Intter's portfolio. The retirement of Stosser und Grimm indicates a decided moves ment of the Government towards the Libe Left, and tho Liberal elements of Baden arere Joleing. AN exchange remarks that the Republical Senators who bave been bumping their fores nends in subserviency to Bussism may a8 We struizhten up and resumo tho use of thelr spiuad columns. Tney bave been recognizing tho “primacy™ of the wrong man. The President of the United States is occupying the White House. : —e : TuE question now being discussed in E~ gland about tho cx-Prewier is. Did Lord Benconstield die o Christiun ora Jew? This BE question which gossips are discussing i, England. Sir Natbaoiel Rothschiid, one of. Lordship's executors, is said to be In posse: