Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 27, 1881, Page 4

THE -CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, Be Tribwie, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. CE—FOSTAGE PREPAID. 11—IN AT v edition, one yeur. 4y, to-lay, W ed usnljj Lunday, 1G-pnzeediiomn. perynar. X —POSTPAID. ¢ Specimen copica et TEG. Give 1'osi-Umhco RGdress o full, including Counts and Siate. b . Remittances mar be made efther by drafr, express, Post-Ouce order or in retsicred letter, at ourrisk. TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Deiir.delivered, Sunday excepta =5 cents per week. T nii¥,delivered. Sunday included, 20 cents per weok. Address THE TIUBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sta- Chicage, Uik POSTAGE. Entered at the Post-Ofice nt_ Chicago, I, a1 Second- Class Matter. Yorthe nenent of our parrons who desire to send £ln: Je coples 0f THE THRIBUNE through the mail, we 41 e berewith the transten: mte 01 Postage: N Domestic. Tightand Twelve Paze Paper. Eixteen Page i'aper........ Foreign. Tipht and Twelre Paze kaper. Eixteen age Faver. . Per Copy. TRIBUNLE BRANCH OFTFICES. oy CWICAGO TRIBCNE has established branch offices for the recelpt 0. subscriptions und advertise- ments at fol! £ NEW YORK—Itoom 20 Tribune Building. F-T-Xc- FADDEY, Manager. GLASGOW. Scolland—Allan's American News Arencr, 31 Renfleld-st. LONDON, Enp—American Exchangs, 49 Strand. HENRY F. GILLIG, Avent. INGS. DGE. NO. 4. 1. 0.0, F.~There will AT O e bevoral cundidaies Mondar, ¥ieb, 2 ‘All members of Wie crafiare cordially invited u} Biond "iienow work is vers interesink Gave sounds at 5 sharp. D. W. WOOU, N. G- Secretars. 3. GREENHOOD. CHE BAYARD COMMASDERY OF R r-Fn?ur‘u!u—smé‘e& Lonciasn bursday, g:."'c?fi.?x‘.fi:& O C- HANNEY, Lecorder- 0 CHAPTER, NO. 1%, R A M. —Mall trflflg’\‘;-mg}m—m—uuumu Convoeation Wedn Ty vening at 13 0°clock for Musonic trial, All wei: B equesied to be present. U order of the M K. H.P. ELI SMITH, Secrewury. AN RENSSELAER GRAND LODGL OF P! ‘F;\éX\IJ\El SELAETLEOTCH MITE—texulor As: Pty Yharsduy evening noxt, Work on the b and . rder of tho T i b desrees vl OO ALE, 515, Grand Seeretary. AN~ U N'S LODGE. NO. 77, A.F. & BN o on vednesdsy eremaz % “A)l members are especiuily requesied 10 Bitend, nx business of spectal lmporance will come : { betore'the Lodze. By ordgidhiny porpEs. w. AL E. M. ASHLEY, Secretary. ASHLAR LODGE, NO. 38 A.F. & A. M.—Regolar cting Tuesduy eveniny, March 1, for busincss and e Y Ml members are’ requesied (o b important work. ge e Tmsited. Hall, 3 Monroe-st. present. The fraternity ed. AN CRICAGO COMMANDERY, NO; Couclave Mondny evening, Feb. 3 Work on the * Templar Order.” Visiting aiways welcome. iy order o minent Commander. D. GOODMaX, Recorder. 7 AWASHINGTON CHAPTF, NO. 4% R. A. M.—Reg- uiy Convoeation Friday evening, 3arch 4. at ©:2 O eluek, for business und work on the Royul Arch de- invited, By or- % V" is] digll gree. Visiting companions SR GRYEY, 1P, THAS. B WRIGHT, Seere: Pork 64 the Mark dexree. Visiting companions ure rd cardialy m"mA’i!l’%"l)!Uel: WARRINGTON, H P. J. 0. DICEERSON, Secretary. ST. BEKNARD COMMANDER! Stated Conciave Wednesday eveni! arch 2, at 7:3) e *Work on tae Templar Qrder. Visiting Sir S ousty invited, By order Enights are courtepuait TS R, Gommander. J.0. DICKERSON, Recorder. v ORIENTAL LODGE, NO.% A. F. & A. M.—Regu- 1nf cormunlcation Fridey evénfog, March 5t s, 22 salle-st. Visitors welcomi 01 Eeianalios D, G BEECHER, W.L CHARLES CATLIN, Secretary. = arrest the business and credit of the whole country. The New York Evening Post of yesterday thus comments on the situation: The cotlapse of speenlation at the Stock Bx- chiusize durinz the week must have reduced prices, 5o that it takes probubly $101.000,000 icss 10 carry the Stock Exchange sccurities thun it did u week uxo. Looking the whole situation over, the conclusion is therefore furced that within a few days we shall have an easier money market than wc would bave had if Cangress hud not rutded tne banks and broken down tho Stock Exchange murkets, The blow given 10 Stock Exchungre specutution during the weck must be ted by nlt eogaged In legitimate non-spee- business ns wholesome in its Intlucnce, on that it will leave more money and for the creduts for those outsiae of. the circlo of pure speculution. —rve—ce— THE Crowbar brigade wiil be soon at work again in Ireland. Lord Annerly, who owns about one third of the County of Longford, is said to have determined on evicting every man, woman, and chitd on his cstate. Other 1andlords, lessextensive perhaps, are bent on extermination also. Under the new coercion act, the people will be slmost powerless. Any person who resists eviction, or who de- nounces the viciousness and barbarlty of and put the act may be arrested into jail for eizhteen months without trial. 1t is probabe that Parnell and the other leaders will be in jail before the evictions take place, and the tenantry will be at the tender mercy of the landlords, all throngh the policy of a Ministry which obtalned power this last time largely on the ery of justice to Irelund. B Ir is rumored that one consequence of the Wall-street flurry is that Mr. John Sherman ~ will succeed himself as Sec- retary of the. Treasury in President Garfield’s Cabinet, even against Mr. Sher- man’s wish. There is little reason to doubt that Judge Folger, for Secretary of the Treasury, is now out of the question, but there are many who claim that Sen- ator Allison is the coming man. At any rate the Cabinet slate: gotten up by specu- lative politicians and -enterprising corre- spondents in the early part of last weel is entirely broken. The new slate contains the ‘names of Senator Blaine, for Seeretary of State; John Sherman or Senator Allison, for | Secretary of the Treasury; Mr. James, of New York, for Postmaster-General; and Mr. tobert Lincoln, of Chicago, for Attorney- General, THE condition of Senator De Lang’s “Pool bill” is understood to be this: It passed the Senate on its merits by a decisive vote. In the House it was referred to the Committee ©n Corporations, which is a very singular committee for a bill of that sort: and the said C. 0. C. turned this anti-gambling bill over to the kind custody of three tender-hearted patriots who do not want to interfere with the sport of the boys—viz.: Jo Carr (Dem.), of Greene County; B. F. Weber (Dem.), of 46 North Clark street, Chicago; and Ed. L. Cronkrite (Dem.), of Freeport. These Demo- cratic deacons in the ctturch of Satan have refused to report back the bill. They threat- en, however, to report it in a certain event. Meanwhile, an ex-member of tha Legislature ‘from this city has served notice on the gawmblers that anless $3,000 is raised, to be used where it will do the most good, the bill will bé reported to the House with the recommendation that it do pass. The, gamblers, and horse-jockeys, and professional po_ol-sellers don’t want to bleed more than $1,500, and even for that sum. they require guarantees that no anti-pool bill shall be passed at this session. Meanwhile, the Sub-Committee of Democrats and the rest of the Comimittee are in blissful ignorance of these negotia- tions, although everybody else in Springtield has heard of them. The thing will probably end in the gamblers coming down with the £3,000, whereupon they are to be guaranteed LA FAYETTE CHAPTER, X0.2, R. A. M—Hall ze3tonroe-st, Stated Convocation 3fonday eveninz, Fob. B ars o'elock, forwork on 3L "degree. Visiing ‘companions weicome. Ly order o = ) ol K FORSYTH, M. E. L P \%.J. BEYAR, Secretiry. qflifl.\' ESTHER CHAPTER, NO. 4L 0. E. S, 7i0ld their fourth rojzular sociable und dance at thelr hally 2 xnd 6% North Clark-st., Monday evening, Feb. 1851 : APOLLO COMMAXDERY, XO. 1. KNIGHTS TEMPLAR—Stated Conclave fuesdsy ~evening, March 1, 1331, at 8 o'clock. Action rezarding the new By-Jaws will be had at this Conclave, and ail members are hereby motitied to be_present. By order of the Eminent Commuader. SUTIFFANY, lecorder. LADY WASHINGTON CHAPTER. NO. 35, 0. E. S. —>embers arc reqtifited 10 io presenit Tucsdiy even ing, 110 Business of importance 1o _look afien, PHILIP KASTLER, W. P SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 18SL two years more in which to pluck geese and convert young men from the paths of recti- tude into blacklezs and loafers. The most insidious form of gambling is pool-selling on borseracing, ball-playing, and other games of chance and fraud. The ruin of hundreds of now worthless young men in this city and thousands in the State can be dated from their introduction to pool-rooms, which are mere gambling-dens, no matter what may be said, to the contrary. The alle- gation that county agricultural fairs cannot be successfully held without the aid of pool- betting is pure humbug, and, even if true, it would be far better to discontinue such fairs than to run them as blackleg institunons. Now IT is the turn of the Orangemen to denounce Mr. Parnell. He had an interview with the Archbishop of Paris yesterday. The Ultramontane humbugs denounced Mr. Par- nell last week because hie had an interview with Victor Bugo. AX clection which occurred in East Cum- berland, England, yesterday, shows that the English farniers are beginning to think of reform in the English land laws. Mr. How- ard, the farmers’ and Liberal candidate, was chosen to succeed a Tory, defeating * Jim- my ” Lowther, Mr. Forster’s predecessor as Chief Secretary of lreland. Mr. Howard was a candidate at the general election on ad- vaneced farme ights principles, and was defeated by Sir Richard Musgrave, the ‘Tory candidate. - A WasmngTos dispatch says it is pretty generally understood that President Garfield will noteall the usual extra session of the Senate until after the Wisconsin Legislature has selected a successor to Senator Carpen- ter. The present Cabinet will be retained until about the 15th of March. The suc- cessor to: Senator Carpenter will be chosen by that time, and, as there is no reason nowto | doubt that Senator Mahone will act with the Republicans, they will be able to organize the next Senate, even if Senator David Davis mets with the Democrats. .SExATOR MAHONE’S personal organ, pub- lished at Richmond, Va., contained a very significant editorial yesterday morning. It urges the Wisconsin Legislature to elect a successor to Senator Carpenter at once, argu- ing that the act of Congress in relation to flling vacancies has no application in the case of Wisconsin, and that. in view of the jmportance to the Republicans of having a successor to Senator Curpenter so as to con- trol the organization of the Senate, the Lez- islature should not stand 2 moment on the matter. All this only goes to show that Mahone will act with the Republicans. and that be is anxious that his acting with tuem shall give them the organization of the Sen- ate. Tue New York stock market yesterday had somewhat recovered itscomposure. Be- sides the crushing out of a number of the reckless operators gauibling in stocks an borrowed money, the force of the olow by the bank conspiracy seems to have been without serious effect. The Secretary of the Treasury, with the ample means ai bis hand, was measurably able ;0 protect the country aminst any gen- «ral damage io business. The bank conspi ators will probably take nothing by their motion, and some of the country banks have countermanded their notices of drawal of cirenlation. Money was somparatively easy and abundant in New York yesterday, though the banks had leeked up or sent away some $14,000,000 of their greenbacks. The time has gone by whensucha combination could successfully THE WALI-SIREET FLURRY. The flurry, semi-panic, contraction, or strin- gency in the New York financial market,’ caused by the recent action of a few of the National banks in opposition to the Funding bill, furnishes an instructive lesson of the inevitable perils and dangers which threaten any branch of business that rests upon a dishonest and immoral basis. There has been during the last six months an unnatural and insubstantial inflation of bonds, stocks, and obligations generally classed as public securities. This inflation has included the increase in the issue of these securities, the addition amoanting to .about $700.000,000 in stocks snd bouds of new enterprises, and in the stocks and bonds of schemes previously exploded and practi- cally abandoned. This was merely the addi- tion to the list of so-called securities placed on the market, and which those having money were invited to buy. There were already similar securities to the amount, perhaps, of six billions on the stock-lists offered for sale. -This enormous inflation of the amount of stock on the market bas been supplemented by another inflation of their marketable vaiues. Stocks and bonds previously quoted at nominal prices— less than 20 cents on the dollar—have been pushed up to 60 and $0, and stocks previously selling at 50 and 75 have been advanced to 120 and 150, There has been a general balloon 1ift and swell to an extent not warranted by any substantial condition of business; and Wall street has opened its capacious jaws to swallow all the surplus monéy of tho country. The processes by which this abnormal, un- healthy inflation has been accomplished and maintained should be understood by the country, as well as the dishonest practices that have been ‘tolerated, to the great in- jury of public morality. Last week the New York banks saw in the prospective enactment of the Funding bill a danger to their peculiar interests, ora prob- able reduction of profits, and, with a selfishness inseparable from trade, they con- spired against it, indifferent as to the conse; quences that wmight follow. They instan- taneously called in loans and deposited in the Treasury of the United States some £15,000,000, and asked the return of. their bonds held as security for their-note circula- tion. The mere surrender of their circula- tion was of comparative insignificance, but it was attended by a notice demanding the re- turn of all call loans, and this sudden demand vroduced the excitement and consterna- tion in Wall street, and the sudden advance in the rates of money aud declinein the price of stocks. - “Call loans™ are those loans made by banks upon the deposit of coilaterals, and subject t0 call at any hour by the banks. | These loans are made o several classes of persons: (1) To gamblers in the stock mar- ket, who borrow or hire collaterals, and then borrow money on them from the banks on call. With this money they buy nine times as much stoak a5 thav hava monaw. staking It on the rise or fall of the stock. Thus, a man with §950,000 borrowed mioney ‘will buy several miltions of stoek, depositing the money borrowed trom the bauk. as a margin. The action of the banks in demanding pryment of their call lonns caught all these gamblers as in a vise. How to raise the wind to’ pay the banks, was the supreme question; and hence tho extraor~ dinary rates of 1 and 13§ per cent per day for the use of money which was offered on Friday. Thoseunable to respond to thebank call were compelled to sell put on n declining market at a loss, or to sacrifice their collat- erals, which in turn were pechaps borrowed. (3) Others making call loans were wmerchants doing a regular and legitimate business, who made short loans; and (8) manufacturers who obtain call loans on their merchandise, using the money In their legitimate business. These are the several classes of persons who were caught in the sudden demand of tho banks for the return of tha call loans. The New York Tribune, anorgan of’the Wall street gamblers, commenting on Fri- day’s transactions. says:. : To the holders of securitios, many of whom ware forced to sell, the_losses sinco Friday lust havo been enormots. It 1s astonishing that, in spite of such a fall {n prices and such a strin- gency in the moncy market, no failures occurred, #nd thore could not be strongrer evidence of the goneral sounduess of business and the solvency of dealers. 'This panic, it is piain, hns not pven csused by any coninereinl or flnanclal rottens ness or recklesuess: but thousands of wen, not here alone, but in every part of the country, ure bearing the severe losses to-day because on unjust and unwise measuse, framed for partisan ends, i8 pending in Congress. Here is a frunk confesslon that the panic, if it may be so called, was not caused by any doubtas to the general soundness. of bust- ness and the absence of commercial reck- Jesness. The “panic,” beyond a temporary inconvenience to such merchants and manu- facturers as were involved, was confined to a wreck of the stock-gamblers,—to thatelass of men who carry on immense operations daily with borrowed money. The bulk of these called loans by the banks was invested in in- flated stocks, the whole business being car- ried on wit with which cash can be thus borrowed for stock operations explains largely the manuer in which the stock-lists of Wall street have been inflated and the. ihflated prices main- tained. If prices dependedon the supply of mouey owned by thie operators there would be a prompt shrinkage of these securities to their real, substantial values INAUGURATION-WEEE. The people of Washington evidently take a different and more contracted view of the approaching inauguration of the new Presi- dent than thet entertained by the American people as a whole. To the Natlon at large the event of next Friday, the 4th of March, signifies the peaceful revolution of the Gov- ernment’s adwinistration, involving achange of men, but not of principles, durinz the next four years. In Washington City the affair takes on a purely local character. The fuhabitants of the National Capital consist wainly of three classes,—the Government officials, the lookers-on, and the people who auguration-week Is a brief period of local and persenal excitement,—something likea holders and officeseekers assembled there are possessed with varying emotions of ope and expectation, doubt and apprehension. ‘Lhe visitors are chiefly anxious to get their money’s worth in the show which they are attending. The resident population is bent mainly upon'making hay while the sun shines and gathering o rich harvest from the the country. Locally, the events of inaugu- forts, impositions, and disappointments inci- lic character. Unusual efforts have been made by the Washington people this year to make the in- Committees were organized months ago to conduct the various details of the ceremony. Subscriptions have been solicited in amounts that seem large in Washington to provide for the decorations. Military and civic organiza- tions from remote quarters of the continent have indicated their intemion to be present. A large procession has been laid outas the distinguishing feature of the week. The streets are to be decked out with arches and the houses draped with flags. There is to be agrand union arch and more unpretentious arches for all the States of the Union. The difference in the size and impressiveness of these decorations may be regarded as symbolic of the proper subordination of the States to the Union, though this idea prob- ably did not oceur to the projectors. There is to be a ball, of course, for which the large occupied, will furnish spacious guarters. A vast crowd is expected, but it is to be feared = that the preparations will be inadequate for the proper entertain- ment of the visitors. Washington is a city in some respects admirably suited to a large popular demonstration, but in other respects posing and interesting. The weather is apt to be pleasant. But Washington has not the same facilities for improvising entertainment on a grand scale as those possessed by com- mercial capitals like New York and Chicago. It will not be so easy to find comforiable lodgings, or ample food, or satisfactory service for a great crowd upon an emergen- cy; and those who remember the discomforts of the Masonic Conclave in Chicago last summer may console themselves with the re- flection that anything like so large a crowd in Washingtou toward the last of this week iences and annoyances. It is not strange that the preliminary prep- arations for inauguration-day in Washington should have led already to misunderstand- ings and bickerings. Gen. Sherman, who was made the Chief Alarshal of the proces- sion, is at Joggerheads with the Comuittee of Arrangements. Ile ischarged with giv- ing the regular-army troops the preference over the visiting companies, with disposing the line of march in such a fashi.a that many of the organizations coming a long distance will be prevented from seeing any part of the inauguration ceremonies, and with the heinous offense of assigning one or two ex-Confederate officers to positions as aides or commanders of divisions. The Com- mittee has gone so far as to prepare an order of the procession and a line of march differ- ent from that laid out by Gen. Sherman. It is not necessary to take sides between the two contending factions, 'and the’ only import of the incident is to show that confu- sion and hard feeling are the most probable results of the contention. Theball may offer still more opportunity for dissatisfacuion. 1tis expected to sell about 8,000 tickets at85a ticket, which would yield $40,000,—a sum that ought to insure the management against loss. The attendance of any such number will result in a crush which will put individ- ual enjoyment out of the question. , But this is not the worst feature of the affair. The purchase of tickets for Senator Bruce creaied a commotion among society people in Wash- ington, and led the Democratic organ of that place to indulge in some startling observa- tions about the mingling of the races in the -mazes of the dance. It isreported that the Demiocratic. members of Congress proceeded at once to raise a fund for the purchase of tickets to be distributed among the darkies, vith borrowed money. - The facility | live upon these two classes. To nll these in- State Fair to a good-sized town. The oftice- crowds that are expected from all parts of ration will be attended with all the discom- dent to every large demonstration of a pub- auguration of Gen. Garfield a brilliant affair. ) hall of the new Museum building, as yet un- deficient. The streets are wide and in excel- lent condition. The public buildings are im- will experience much more serious incoven- | in order to assure the attendance of the lat- ter in large number, which would certainly be n practical joke of considerabla ingenuity. ‘Phis rumor may well be questioned, however, becnuseg 50 many of the Demozratic members are golnz out of Congress that they are prob- ably averse to donating any portion of their curtalled salaries to this or any other gratiti- cation of their spleen because a Republican President i3 to be inangurated. It is-now put forth that the procession _which is to accompany the new President irom the White House to the Capltol, where the inauguration ceremonies take place, will number 15,000 persons. This may safely be reduced by several thonsand. A large por- tion of this procession will be composed of civic societies; yet there will be enough of thie military element, regular and militia, to give some force to the questfon raised in the Senate by Mr. Hoar a fow days agoas to the policy of permitting the assembling of State troops at the Nutional Capital on the occa- sion of the Inauguration. Of course the Democratic side immediately raised the ques- tion of the participation of the regular tional forces,—never missing an oppoctunity to assert the theory of State-soverelgnty. The question was passed for the time, be- cause everybody conceded that there is not the smallest prospect of any disturbance at the Inauguration of a President whose election has been recognized In every possible way by all sections of the country. Since then Maj. Ben: TPerley Poore, the veteran Washingion correspond- ent, has foraged among the books of the Congressional Library, and discovered that all the Presidents have had o military escort of a kind and extent governed by the condi- tions of the'country in the various stages of progress. At the same time there has proba- Dly never before been so extensive & repre- sentation of State troops as there will be at the Inauguration of next Friday; and it may be that it will be wise, in view of possible future efforts at Mexicanization, to fix some limit, to guard against a possible conflict of XNational and State armed forces. The dis- comfort which the visiting companies will probably experience at the approachmsg in- auguration, however, may of itself exert a repressive influence upon the zeal of volun- teer milltary organizations to take part in future celebrations of this kind. b Perhaps the most significant feature of the elaborate preparations which the motley crowd of Washington people are making for inauguration-week is to be found in the pre- vailing acceptance of the old theory to “gpeed the parting and welcome the coming guest.” No sect of sun-worshipers in the world ever followed more religiously the in- junetion to turn their faces to the rising sun. Next Friday the ex-President will ride by the side of the mew President in an open barouche drawn by more or less white horses, but that will be the full extent of the recognition he will reccive. is good deeds will be forgotten, and even bis errors will be obliterated for the time being. e and those who have been associated with him and go out with him will fill no space in the thoughts or hearts of the assembled multi- tude, who, from the highest to the lowest, are ready to cry: *“Le roi est mort, vive le roi.” COMPULSORY EDUCATION IN ILLINOIS. Senator Marshall’s Compulsory-Edueation Dbill, which has passed the Illinois Senate, with slight opposition from the Democrats, is in its general scope and intent a good measnre, and ought with some slight amend- ment to become a law. It requires all chil- dren between the agesof S and 11 years to . aitend a public schgol for twelve weels, at least six of which ‘shall be consceutive, in children physicntly or-amentally incompetent, and those attending private schools; and when a public sehool is not taught during three months of the year within one and one-half wmiles of the residence of the parent the provisions of the law do not apply to him. The Board of School Directorsisrequir- ed to furnish books free of cost toindizent children. Persons not complying with the law will be liable to a fine of not less than S5 or more than $10, to be collected by action Dbefore a Justice of the Peace; and any School Trustee or Director failing to prosceute for such fine when complaint is made will be himself liable in the same sum at the suit of any taxpayer. All moneys collected from fines are to be accounted for as other moneys raised for school purposes. The law requires amendment in two respeets. ‘The minimum age is not low enough, and the period of compulsory at- tendance is not as long as it stould be. ‘There is no reason why children should be excused from attending schools until they are 8 years of age. A cild of 7, or it may be of 6 years, is old enough to begin learning the elementary branches. The British law puts the limits of age at 5 and 14 years. Tlatmay be an exeessive requirement, butit would be entirely safe to compel atiendance of children of 7 years, and we should say that G years would be none too young, especially as very young children are not useful av homie, or ought not to, be in any form of labor. The period of attendance is fixed by Mar- shall’s bill at twelve weeks, six of them con- secutive. It ought to be extenged at Ieast to sixteen weeks, of which one-half should be consecutive. 'Three months are not enough. Children can easily be spared from home in an agricultural State like Illinois during all the winter months; and as they are to ‘have free text-books when needed there can be no decent excuse for not giving them the bene- fits of o common-school education. Butif a school is not kept for as long a time as six- teen weeks within the preseribed distance, then attendance should be required for as long a time as it shall be kept. The distinctive feature of Marshall’s bill, and that which will give it value asan ex- periment, is the section enforcing liability against School Trustees and Directors who fail to prosecute complaints. Compulsory- education laws are no novelties 1 this coun- try. Several States have them, but they had rested on the statute-books since their adop- tion without even an attempt being made to enforce them. The Michigan law is now eight yearsold, and the State Superintendent reports that not a’single’ case of compulsory attendance has occurred under its proyvis- jons. About the same experience has’re- sulted from the passage of a compulsory law in Ohio, where the torced attendance of chil- -dren on public schools has been deemed as illusory as the enforcement of prohibitory- liquor legislation. It is not doubted, how- ever, that these and other laws of the saine tenor have hada good woral effect in direct- ing attention to the subject and quickening the cor.sciences of parents and sehool authori- ties. Marshall's bill zoes a step beyond any of them, and holds School Directors person- ally liable for negligence or contempt of the law. Itseems very probable that this pro- vision may stimulate® the authorities and make the law in some degree eilicacious. Itmight be well to reinforce this law with another and more radical one on the subject of truancy; but, whether this shall be done or not, there can be no possible harm, and may be muchgood, in giving full effect to the provisions of Mr. AMarshall’s bill. There are many schools even in this County of Cook which have an average attendance of but five or ten scholars, though the constituency on which they might draw is fifteen or twen- ty timés as many. In the opinion of skiiled educators, a bill like Alarshall’s would enor- each school-yerr: Fxceptions are made of . mously increase the attendance upon schiools throughout the State, even though there mightbe very few prosecutions undér it. For this reason, if fof no other, it'should be speedily enncted into » law, with the amend- ments indicated; and if it does not have the effect desired the Leglslature at least will be no longer open to the accusation of in- difference to the interests of the school system. WASHINGION AS A SLAVEHOLDER. -In an editorinl article uvon the anniversary of Washington’s birthday the New York Evening Post prints a letter from Edward Rushton to Gen. Washington, which proba- bly has been seen by very few Americans. ‘The letter was written from Liverpool in 1797, about the time that Washington was ending his second Presidential term. The swriter was a prominent philanthopist of his time, and had been a great adwmirer of Wash- ington, as well as an enthusiastic defender of the American Revolution. The following extract from the letter contains its sallent Doints: Itis not to tho Commander-in-Chief of the Amerieun forces, nor to the President of the United States, that I have nuzht tonddress. My Lusiness is with George Wushington, of Mount Vernon. in Virginin,—i man who, notwithstend- ings his hatred of oppression aud his ardent love of liberty, bolds nt this moment hundreds of his fellow-béings in a_state of slavery. Yes, you who conquered- under the buoners of freedom, you who itre now the First Mugistrate of u free prople, ure. stranzo to relate, a slaveholder. That a Liverpool merchant should endeavor to cnrich himself by such a business IS not & mat- ter of surprise; but that you, an enlightened man, strongly enamered of treedow,—you, who, if tho British forces hud succeeded in the Enst- ern States, would have retired with a few congeninl spirits to the rude Iustnesscs of the Western wildernesses, there to have enjoyed that blessing without which a poradise would be worthless, . and with which the most savage reglon IS not with- out its charms,~that vou, I say, should con- tinue to be a slaveholder, a proprictor of human flesh and blood, ereates In many of your British friends bath nstonishment and regret. It has been suld by some of your apoloyists that your feelings are inimical to sluvery, and that” you are induced to ncquicsce in It at present merely from motives of policy. ‘Theoniy true policy i3 Justice; and he who regards the cousequences of an act rather than the justice of It gives no very exalted proof of the greatness of his chuaracter, .. . Of all the slaveholders under heaven, those of the United States appear to me most reprehensible: for man is never so truly ndious ns when he Intliets on others that which he him- seif abominntes. The hypocritical courtesan who preaches chastity, yet lives by the violation ofit, Is not more truly disgusting than ono of your slaveholding gentry bellowing in Tavor of democrucy. A This letter was sent back unanswered, and it was the proper course to take with it, for, however honest Rushton may have been in his suggestions, it was in one sense an in- solent lecter, espeginlty when it is considered as addressed to the chief executive officer of the National Government from the subject of a Government which introduced the institu- tion of slavery into this-country, which was engaged in the slave busine$ itself, and which did not avolish slavery in the West Indies until a quarter of a century atter this time. And, furthermore, it is to bé taken into account that the Colonists always dis- claimed all responsibility for slavery. It was planted in their midstby the English Govern- ment, and upon that Gavernment they right- Iy fastened the responsibility. The Post, in commenting upon the Rushton letter, claims that it does not dim “the lustre of Washington’s fame, tha., born a Yirginian gentleman and having inherited slaves from revered parents, he was a slave- holder, and that the dangers that environed the nascent State were too many and too grave to justify him, whatever his convie- tion, in undertaking changes that mizht easi- 1y have given birth to a fresh and desiruet- ive revolution. Slaves were in New York and New England then as wellas in Virginia, and the country was exhausted with the out- lay of blood and treasure.” Thesecomments are well enough, so far as they go, but the Post does not present the matter in its true light.especially when it says: ** It seems truly a strange anomaly that one who should have rofused to be a constitutional monarch over white men was willinpg to be an absolute ruler over black men.” Washing- ton was in no sense an absolute ruler of his slaves. His attitude towards them was nlmost parental. His treatment of them was exceptionally kind and humane, e even compensated them. with gratuities for services performed. Instead of fearing him or hating him, they were closely attached to him. Even after his death, which was the signal for their freedom, they still hung about the estate, unwilling to leave it, until it was finally broken up. Instead of being an absolute ruler of them, he could not have driven them out of his service. Instead of being an absolute ruler, he was the great, emancipator. At the vefy time the Rushton jetter was written he had made his will, in whieh it was stipulated that sfter his death they should ba free. In this regard he stood in striking contrast to other slaveliolders. Ilisslaves were slaves only in name during his life; after his death they were freemen. It nay be fairly assumed, therefore, that he was incensed, and fairly so, at the reception of the letter, and therefore returned it un- answered. ) THE very successful concerts which Theo- dore Thomas is now giving in this city are not alone pleasant and profitable musical events of the present, but they have a future bearing which ought to be considered. As episodes of our musical season they are cer- tainly remarkable. During the past week he has given us such remarkable works as tne Damnation of Faust, the Fifth Sym- phony and other works of Beethoven, and programs ‘filled with attractive and pop- ular numbers, and this week we are offered ‘cight programs crowded with delightiul musie. From this point of view alone all lovers of good music have ample reason for congratulation. There is another considera- tion, however, of still wider interesi. These concerts are the first step in a scheme which embraces a season of summer concerts at the Exposition Building, and a Festival in 1852 modeled upon the basis of - the celebrated Cincinnati festivals. The preliminary steps have already been taken in each case, and some of our most prominent citizens haveidentified themselves with each undertaking as indorsers. There is certainly 1o good reason why Cincinnati should be allowed to monopolize all the festivals. We have all the material here. Tle singers for 1852 are already enrolled, and thie playing of our own men in the orchestra, which AMr. Thomas is now leading shows that we can furnish him good material for the instrumental work in the festival. In- deed, the orchestra which is now playing so remarkably ean be retained as a substantial whole here If- the proper encouragement is assured. There are golden opportunities for musical progress here niow if our people are only ready to seize upon them. TuE spirit of Wall-street betting and gam- ‘bling in stocks has been unfortunately ex- | tended to the whole country, The immoral- ity of the proceeding is iguored or has been lost sight of by peeple whose feelings would be outraged by the sight of 2 card-table, and who regard a gambling-house as an ante- chamber of Ilell. There is nota villagejn the country where there are not men and women, professing to be pious, God-fearing people, who are daily sending their money, to be staked in bets on the stock market, and on the rise and fall of this, that, or theothér stock or bond. Mitlions of dol- lars are flowing constantly from all parts of the country to the great maelstrom, which is certain to ingulfbeyond all hope of recovery everything coming within its reach. In fact, Wall street” is rapidly converting the American people into & nation of gam- ‘blers, always eager to stake thelr- savings in the hope -of mnaking great £ains. The profits of labor are too slow, and the am- Dbition to be as rich as the man or woman on the other side of the streetIs so general that | industry and thrift have become generally distastetul, and everybody is anxious to be- come rich by short processes, especially by gambling, by betting on stocks, by betting on the Board of Trade, or at the bucket- shops, or gambling-houses; in short, any- where, so it is betting for main. Ordi- narily, and until within some years past, men have gambled and bet on all kinds of fulure results, from the turning of a card to the outcome of a horse-race, but now men bet, not only their own money, but all the money they can borrow. The gambling in Wall street is mainly done by professionals with the money of others,—money borrowed of the banks, or put into thelr hands by cred- ulous men and women, young and old. Itis needless to say that but few dollars of the millions thus staked ever retutn to the dupes. It the disasters of this panic be confined to the mere professionals in Wall street there will be but few tears overthe calamity. Nor wiil it be an occasion for mourning if the movement of the banks was a mere device to sweat their own customers, by lendinz them surreptitiously, through brokers, the money to take up the call loans at 1 -per cent a day, the banks thus ‘realizing a year’s interest in asingle week. If sucha thing be true there will be no symputhy for the victims, no mat- ter how disgraceful may be such conduct on the part of the bank: Astronomtical. Chicago (TRIBUxE oflice), north latitude 41deg. 52m. 57s.; west longitude 42m. 18s. from ‘Washington, and 5h. 50m. 30s. from Greenwich. The subjoined table shows the time of sef ting of the mogcn's lower limb, and the of- ficlal time for lighting the first strect-lamp in each circuit In this city, during the com- | ing week, unless ordercd soouner on account of bad weather. Also the following times for ; extinguishing the first lamp: Light. Aloon sets. E; gunquish. Weduesday., hursday” The moon will be new at 5:42 a. m. to-MOrrow; and In her first quarter a week afterwards. She will be near Mercury Tuesday evening. The sun's upper limb will rise on Monday at £:36 &. m., south at 12m. 37.03. p. m., and set at 5:403 p. m. The sun's upper limb rises Friday next at 6:20% 2. m., souths at llm. 46.78. p.m., snd sets at5:54%4 p. m. The sidereal time Thursday mean noon will be 22h. 46m. 53295, ‘Mercury will south Tuesday at 1:03 p. m., and setat7:11p. m. Thursday he will south at 0:5¢ p.mn. and set at 7:02 or morc than an hour ufter the sun, He attalned s greatest elonga- tion enst (18 degrees) lnst Wednesday mornini, and was a conspicuous object soon after sunset the middle evenings of last week to those who were blessed with clear skies. He is still visible under the same atmospheric conditions, though now nearing the sun. Mars will rise Thursday at 5:02 a. m. and south at9:30 a.m. Helis visible ns a morning star in the early twilight, but i3 not a very prominent object, his distance from us being greater than the average. Jupiter, Venus, and Saturn are still bunched together, within an apparently smali space i the heavens. Tuey form a triangle of rilliant polats, Jupiter on the right, Saturn on the left, and Veunus to the northward of Saturn. Tues- day mext Venus will pnss 5!3 degrees to the north of Saturn. She isstitl moving castward among the stars, though less rapidly than a week ugo, as she Is now * turned round" and nearing the sun. Next Thursday thesethree ob- Jjects will move as follows with reference to our meridian and horizon: South. Set. 248 1, Jupiter. .2 2 . m. Saturn, Pp.m. p. m. Venus. 63 3 p. m. 9:53 p. m. Venus will continug to grow in brightness for neatly threo weeks yet; while Jupiter and Saturn will diminish 08 they pass toward con- junction with the sun in the latter part of April. It was intended to say in ourlast that the rela- tive distance of Venus from the sun, as com- pared with that of the earth, is nearly equal to the sine of 46!; deprces (not 42!3), the angle whlch the sun and Venus subtended last week to an observer on tho carth. The sine of that ansle equals 0.725, nearly ;ggud 0.72333 is the result ob- tained by the most adcurate methods employed. Uranus will south Thursday ut 0:05 p. m.. be- ing then in right ascension 16 hours 534 min- utes, and north declination 7 degrees 57 minutes. Xie will be in opposition to the sunTuesday night. Neptune will south Thursday at 3:53 p.m. Right nscension 2 hours 40} minutes, and north declination 13 degrees 47 minutes. t——— AN uhsex?\"mg critic has said that Matt Car- peater faid to reach the highest walks of statesmanship beeause he never impressed his hearers with n sense of his own sincerity. He was wise and witty, learned and profound, but he was constitutlonally u skeptic and a cynie. We are not referring at all to his religious be- lief. Many persons will recall his odd panegyTic of Gen.Grant, brought in last summer quite irrelevantly at tho end of some discussion i tho Senate. Mr. Carpenter declnred that the salva- tion of the country depended on the nomination of the hero of Appomattox,and thereupon witlked Lriskly awny to the cloak-room, laughing in full sight of the galleries ut the ludicrousness of his own idea. e was always and everywhere a lnwyer and a speeial pleader, and it is doubted whether he had firm convictions on any politicul subject, unless it might be hi3s opinion that Mr. Hayes was never legally elected, which be did not fake the pnins to conceal atall in private or promiscuous conversation. Dut it muy be that even this opiniou was cherished by him ns some sort of concession to bis own men- tal integrity, as he bad argued the cause of 3r. Tilden before the Elcctoral Commission, 1s it scemed to some of the spectators at the time, con amore. ———— Tne powerful mind. of the Ilon. Randail 1. White, of No. #312 Wabash avenue, Chicagzo, | House member at Springficld, has been chietly engrossed during the past two weeks in devising deposited during 1850,was $19,781,077 rreater than during 1879, while' the amount withdrawn was only §5,83%,950 more than during 1879. Thers was also a slight decreasc in the expenses. The suvings-banl depositors of New York now - _ber 053,707, and thelr ussets bave reached the' vast total of $400,0443%. Tho Superintendent correctly ascribes tuls condition of the banks tq the prosperity of the lnboring class, and not to -the use of savings baaks by capitalists. Taking the population of the State, one outof every five of the whole number, focludiog me, women, and children, is & depositor, and the- { sum total of their savings equals about opes ifth of the National debt. This is a remarkable showing, against which the great Stateof Iyjj. nols has notbing to offer, a8 her savings bankg have nearly ceased to exist. * Tz Swiss are not a little discomfited ang alarmed at the rapid fncrease of crime among | them, which is met with a somewhat generat qe- | mand for the reimposition of capital punish. ment., A reénacting law w2s passed by the Fed- ernl Legis:iture two years ago, but only a feg of the cantons havcfformalty ratified it. Thosq sho favor capital punishment insist that therelr the remedy lies. whilo those who oppose it polag to the fuct that not murder only but every crime fson the incrense, and that there is noth. ing to prove that the abolition of the death penalty is responsible for the present state of I affnirs. A correspondent of the London Neyy holds that the trouble lies in the generally lay + prison systsm of the little Republic, ana citig severul instances in support of his theory. In one cunton murderers are inirusted to the cars of an infirm old nun, who presides over an ingp. cure prison, and who recently sent out nn’uu errand one of tho murderers in her charge, Naturally enough, he never returned, In ag. othor case three prisoners eseaped, and went on i a“spree.” An Alarm was raised, and oficers searched the neighborhood in vain. They were finally found in their old quarters in the jail, t which they had returned after exhausting the pleasures of the town. ———————— ‘A MEexTOR dispateh of Friday says: . | The elements huvebeen propitious to- 3 R T chbliits O Thehty ey Srmd cued_by the clouding of a tremendous storm Gen. Garlield bas_been free from statesmen and advisers. No day, however gloomy, can deter the *oid_schoolmate™ from calling on the “dear chum " whose very exist- ! ence he hus jgoored for years. Gen. Garfleld's | isn’t such an easy berth. and, in spite of bis zood humor and blz nnture, [ belleve his brother, who' is chopping wood to-day ut $1 4 cord, hasa hap- | pier existence und lafinttly less worry than the Presiden . o —— A prysICIAN having a very extensive prac. tice in this city, and an experience of more thar twenty-five years, expresses the opinion that tno great increase of sickness on the North Side this winter Is due to the nction of the Futlerton avenue conduit in contaminating the sources of the water-supply. Persons living nearest the Water-Works suffer most, because the forelen matter does not kave time to settle beforeit reaches them through the pipes. 5 bl Tue Mayor has a nursery-tale of workmen at the Madison-strect bridge—friends of his—" who preferred g0 wash their hands in the sewer when they could find one bandy rather than go totheriver. We have searched for, but been unable to find, the great moral lesson wrapped up in this parable. 1t doesn’t scem exactly to vrove, as the Mayor contends, that the river 18 elwauys purer than Lake Michizan. e —— ‘BoyE of the * boy‘ are reported to be ap- prehensive lest Ald. Clark will prove to be not spproachable, and perhaps a little too exclusive, 10 make a good Mayor. They only prove that they don’t know the man. There never was 8 wmore companionable person thau the Third- Ward Alderman. Yet he knows now, too. to stand on his dignity and to extort respect with- out commanding it — e — Do THE voters of the North Town take any pride in their tax-eatt Town Board, which is ugiog all its influence at ¥pringfield to prevent the consolidation of the three town govern- , ments? Notice the votes of Sexton end the other Democratic members from the northern and nortbwestern wards uniformly cast against consolidation. Tue Natlon thinks that the *“worst feature of the Dorsey dinner was the appearance at it of & minister to Invoke the Divine blessing ou Dor- sey and hisfood nnd liquor.” Dorsey bad spent about $100,000 in Indiana, placing it where be thought it woyld do the most good, in whichcaze- itis allegea that the Lemocrats gotthe bulk of it ———— OrrIN S. Coor, House member of the See-, ond District, seems to be backing up R. H.White, of the same district, in fighting the Collins bill to let the people votc on the question of uuiting the three towns of Chicago into one assesswent district. Who is Cook representing in opposiog the right of the people to pass on the question? B et 3 Tue Cashier of a bank which has an un- divided surolus of $1,00,000 and pays 12 per cent . dividends quite regularly complained bitterly to a reporter- last wees that the taxgtion of Na- tional banks was most grievous, and ought to be abated. Poor fellow! ———— A CORRESPONDENT, who betrays a repre- hensible fondness for puns, seads this definition of the difference between Gen. Gurfleld and bis place of residence: The town is Mentor, and Garfleld is a Man-tor-men-ted. This is execra-. ble. —————— Wrose fault is it that Chicago has not new pumpling-engines nearly ready to throw G100 cubic feet of water per minute into the 1llinols . & Michizan Canal? . ————— Doks a resignation resign? e ———— \ PERSONALS. «] see they are revising the Bible. Now,if they could only find out tha the story about Anaaius being killed for lylag was a mistake— but I never was lucky.”—George Alfred. ¥ 1t is said that there is no cure so certain nsa littic of the hair of the dog that bit you. When it comes to _taking a little of the hair of the dog that you bit somebody else with, how=~ ever, the sensation is not 8o pleasant.”—J&y Gould. The first notes of the bluebird were heard * inthe suburbs on Tuesday, and his presence was welcomed as the ndvent of 5pring: but, when folks arose yesterduy morning and found the thermometer meurly ut zero, It was agaid . made upparent that the world is full of change. . —~Fehruary Editorial by Charles 4. Dang- An infatuated person in New Jersey sends 1n & poem, with 4 request for information as 10 ways and means to defeat Collins’ bill permit- ting the people of Chicago to vote on the propo- sition to consolidnte the three Town Bourdsinto one. Itisunderstood that White has been fn- fluenced to assume this extraordinary anti- Republican position- by the members of the South Town Board. They séem to bave morc influence over him than all the taxpuyers of the South Division. It nowseems probable that he, as their tool, assisted by other Cook County tools of the * Threo Boards,” will succeed in de- feating the bill giving the people a chance to vote on the question of consoddation. But the taxpuyers can buve their revenge by refusing to nominate or elect every member of the Three Boards wino is engaged in’ this under- hand intrigue against the rights of the people. e —c———— Says the New York Tribune: The push- ing American se2ms to have & vicious delight in taking his coals to Newcastle and proving to the Newcastlers that they never knew how coals could burn before. He sends his roast-beef to England, his grapes to France, his muslins to Manchester, and now he actually has invaded Germany with his pigs, and proposes to supply his Dutch cousins with wurst und blut-kuse. Last June the exportation of live hogs to Hano- ver from this country was begun, and it haspaid 50 weil that it bas rapidly grown in importance. At Bremerhaven large abattoirs are now being constructed, where the hogs are killed and sent all through North Germany. The sausage, lard, ete., arc sald to be preferred by the Germans to those made from thoir vwn breed of swine. Even the American pig comes only to see and con- quer. TrERE has beén no change ip the number of savings banks in tho Statodof New York during the year. They show a total incrense in deposits of $34,571,156, and in surplus of $12.31%.- 142. The Increase on thé cstimated market value of their stock investments alone is $35,- whether such productions arc paid for, and cn* siderutely remarks that “You may reply by mail.” This Is indeed thoughtful. Our bills for, telegraphing to peopie thut their poems have been accepted and will be paid for are simply enormous. Mr. Howells has nearly finished a dramatic version of Lonefellow's “Courtship of 3Miles Standish,” which is shortly to be produced at 8 Boston theatre. Our Hevolutionary readers il doubtless recollect that Miles was in love with' Priscilla dlden, and it Mr. Howells bus worked the story up faitbfully some realistic stage ef- fects, such as old Mr. Nden kickimng Mies over. the rront gate, or Priscilla’s youngest brother putting u pin where It would do the most hasm can be produced. “Roscoe Conkling ?—The phrase “all wa$ bustle and confusion,” is a common ooe, but wad first used by Charles Reade in on of his carlie? works, the incident described being as follows: *It was a busy scene. All was bustle and OBy fusiou. The bustle was spread out overa g deal of the gang-plank, where n brizht-esnd girl foot for awhileand waving Ler arms arouts wildly. Tn an fnsiunt the loud clang of tae pllot bell was heurd. the great engines throbl tho stéamer moved slowly out ioto tho streatls leaving Myrtic on the duck.” A tragic event in Stuttgart, Germany: “A student in love witha very pretty girl bad re peatedly written 1o her parents for their oo sent to a marriage. - Recelving no reply, be poisoned himiself at the girl's lodziogs. Next . duy cume u letter with the parents’ consent. At the funerul the girl swatlowed poison and fel lifeless into the arms of one of the chorister singing over. the grave.”—London Times. A Chicugo young man . iu fove withn very pretty. gicl had repeatedly written _to her parents fOF . B eir consent to o marrigge. Receiviog noreplfy 720,186. The number of depositers was greater by §2,237 Jan. 1, 1581, than on Jan. 1, 1880. There were 44,278 more accounts opened during 1850 than during 1879, and only 9,130 moroe accounts were closed than during 157. The total amount ho went off ona three days’ *toon” Nextday came a letter with the parents’ consent. After . the wedding the girl swallowed ico cream, bute didn't worry her any, ‘They are now LUving hap* pily with the old folks. e it bad sat upon It, after balancmg herself uponons. .