Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 7, 1881, Page 4

7 Monday, Weds , . necopr. por yenr. PRS2 ow "\ @t the Chi 1+ attorneys of Jong standing for high judictal I THE CHICAGO RIBUNE:. MONDAY, ISBRUARY 7, 1881, 1 WY MATUL—IN AT Il Inily edition, ono vear.,. + Jnrtaof n ynar, per month,, Dully and ¥nniday, one yes yoRday, Thursdat, aud 40 . nd Friing, per yenr. thon, pr yo cdnnats lfl'lYIKEU\(l WEERLY bunday, Twonty-0no cople fpecimen coplea rent freq. Give Poat-Offioo nildress In full, Including County and Btata, Hemittances may ho maito efthar by dratt, nrpress, Yoat-Oftice anler, or in rozistered lotter, nt our Hak, TO CITY KUNSCRINERS, Daliy,doitvercd, Sunday oxcopted, 23 cents por wéok, Datly,dolivored, Sunday included, Audress THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Cornor Mad TOSTAG Entesed at the Post-Ofice at Chicago, ity as Stcond« Class Matter. Torthn benefit of Otr patrons who deaira to_rond ingio coples af 'PHE TRIMINK through the mnll, wo Liveherewith the transient rate of postge: Domestle. Fight and Twelve P'age Iapos Eixtecn 1'8% IMPOLiasssene Fore(gn. Tilght nnd Twolve Pago I'aper. Elxteen I'nge Fapor.., “ TRIBUNE BRANCI OFFICES. r Copy. centa, W8 conts, cents, & conts. n cAGO TRIDUNE has ostablished heanch ofieon A Facetnt of aubscriptions md advoriisos entans followa: NEW YORK—Hoom 23 Tribune Dullding. FANDEN, Managor. - GLASGOW, Scottand—Allan's * Amerlean Agenes, 3 Renfiold-st. £ LONDON, ~Amoriean Exchango, 4R Btrand, TLENLY K, GILLIG, Agent. . MASILNGTON, . C.—1310 ¥ teoot, FT e News AMUSEMENTS, AleVicker's Thentre, Mndison strect, between Ftato nnd Dearborn. ‘Fngagement of Annle 'isioy, " M'ilss, tha Child of the Sierrns” Grand Opern-Honse, itk streot, opposit new Conrt-ionsa, Engnges ment of Mr, and Mes, Geo. 8, Knlght, *Government , Bonaa Faverly's Theatre. Tesrlorn streot, corner of Mous of licr Majosty's Opern Cq FEngagement 1 rantant.” Randolph street, betweon Cinrk und La Salle. My Gerutdine.” 7 Olymnle Thentre, Clark street, betwoen Lake and lfandolph. Varlety " entertinment. Academy of Maste. Tinlated street, near Madison, Wast Side. entortuinment. MONDAY, varloty SBRUAR % IsSl. From a paper rend yesterday ot a meeting o Trade and Labor Union, it appears that there are 2,:00 persons employed “n this city In the avogation of shoemaking, and that the avernge of wages puld Is §1 per day, allowhnyg for the employment of female . and child labor, .. THE serimons we print this morning ara 1hose of Prof. Swing, on *The Alarming In hristianity 5 of the Rev. Dr. Thomas, on otives ton Rellglous' Life”; of the Rev. G. 11 Peeke, of the-Le: Street Congresa- tional Churel, on *'The Teachings of Jesus and Eternal Dunishinent,” disearding the iden of nliteral hell; and of the Rev. Dr, B, © J. Mirsets, of Stual "Temple, on *'Fho Relig don of Humanity and Jwdaism.” ReveLATioNs are made by n former at- tendant of the most shoeking cruelties prac- ., ticed upon Inmates of the new Stato Insane “Asylun at Buffalo, ‘The Institution has Jardly been running four months, but it was ofticered in part by experlenced men irom the T asylumat Utled, so that no thne was lost in tho acquirement of brutality, Oneof the attendanty was evidently new In the busi- ness, for he sickened at the sight of the bar- barities to which the poor patlents were sub- Jected, and which he was powerless to pre- «vent; 50 he resigned his position, and now makes o disclosure of the horrors of the asylum, " It has been observed everywhero that rail- road atturneys who ure appointed to the Bench may be depended npon to sustain apeelal privilezes and monopsly practlees in all enses that come beforo them. 'This re- murk apples with equal foree to loeal Courts, Distriet Courts, and Supreme Courts, Wiiether 1t §s the recollection of the large fees they have recelveds in thelr former ca- puclty or beeause thelr previous dvoeacy hins made so strong an impresslon on thelr Tine of thought that they earnot throw it off, certaln it is that they always retain a venera- thon for * vested rights ” assomethingsaered, and that they lean toward the corporations " whenever the fxsue tes between them § the people, ‘The uniformity of.this rule Is o Jasting warning ngainst the choleo of raflrond posltions, Cosstononss SHEFELDT, of the United States Navy, In u report on the commerelal Jmportanee of Coren offers n rathor novel © view of the tendencies and directlons of Amerlean trado. e deelures that the At- lantic has been given over to forelgn gy, but that the Pacifle is to becomo the com- anerelnl domain of Amer! “ In all proba- bility,” he observes, “within the noxt half rentury tho SUnited States will flnd fts lar- west market In Asin rather thun in Enrope,” That §s rather n startling statemont, For it tdoes not yet clearly appenr how brendston's i be sold to greater advantage in Asia shan In Europg, nor how the Unlted States ean export munufuctured articles to compete with England while humpered with burden- 3ome tarllt and navigation lnws, Under the ', present system forelsn nations will Inevita- bly do thoe carrying trade between Ameriea and Asla ns soou as it shall pay them to un- dertake tho work. e Ix the dlscussion which has followed in England tho mensures taken by Mr, Glad- stone to expedito business by overcoming the obstructiontsts, it hus begun to strike the Dublic that the Irish cause will, after ll, gain by the aetion of the Ministry, A Lundoh dispateh says: From tho first tho result of the struyglo was a . foregono couclusion, The Torty Irish smembera could nat bope to e allowed” pormunently to ! overrido the will of theie G0 English and Scotel the more so 18 ull not clulin ity of tho representatives of lros be chubigo 18 not without its value to It wus mnde to seeuro the pussaye of slon bill, but it pluces o the bands of unent thy power to ¢arry uny ree xure of land reform whichi the Minlstry, 1y deelde on offerin The Iris voeaple ahd the Irish party themselves wro cone vineed of this fuct. 'Thelr dotertiined opposition 10 coerelun was bused o tear that, If cocrclon Puro aud sitwplo became n law, the Wholy of the Tory purty in Parlament wonll huye been nused to obstruct the pussage of Land bill, Jiud tho otd rules renmined in foree, no land bill that would litve met tho wishes and noeds of tho Irish peoplo could huve been passed, Now the responsibility of Cenling with lurgo meass ures ol lund refarm rests sotely with 3r, Giud- stonu's Government, 1t they dre trus o thele profesalois, Parbiament hus conferred upon Wom Mnpls pPowor 10 toreo through lurge measks ures of remedint legislatlon. Ly the use thoy mako of thut power history i) Sudes them, 10 At s found that, while they use this extemordinary }nl\vur 10 cokeves the Lrish people, thoy yet il in ivpuness and courugo o une It 0 atncliovating ths conditlon of the Irish tenunts, they will glve o finul proot of the tnublilly of Englishmen to auitute tor Ireland, 3 < This s precisely tho view taken of this matter by ‘Iug ‘Pususe. The real end souxht and desired by Ireland pog Uy the Lt Lesisggus s tho refonu of the Jaud laws, H Alr. Gladstone has declared he will present n radieal reform of the fand tenure In Treland, Against any such bitfl the whole Tory party Is opposed, and 1ts passaga will be reslsted by every possiblo means, “Fhe Torles de- wnnded hat before any concession to Ire Jand should be conskdered there should ben bill passed to enfores law aud order. This was also demanded by English pubile opinfon, and the minority yielded, and by so dolng they have obtained from the Iouse of Commons, by Tory votes, the power to overs cone all parlinmentary obstruetlon, Thus armed Mt, Gladstone ean push his Innd bill, and In enso tho Tories resist It aud resort to factions movements to prevent action on it as liitherto under the absence of rules they might do, ho can apply to them the samo rule which he ina applied to the forty [rish members, and with tho same effect and the same suceess, Had Mr. Parnell and Mr, Gladstone comblued to obtain this extraordl nary power under which alone any good Innd b ean be passed, they could not havo aceomplished the end more satlstactorily, ‘Iho Torles vated 1o give Giadstono the pow- er, and they cannot herenfter protest ngainst his exereising 1t to compel avote on the Land bill. After all, the snpposed harshiness to- wards the Irish members may prove to bo «, Iegal precedent to whileh they mny nttribute any relfef they may obtain on the land ques- tlon, 'THE proposition of Mr. Selah Chambertain to tho Minnesota Legislature for tho settle- mentof his share of the bonded indebtedness of theState Is certalnly, to quoto thewords of the Plonecr Press, 'tho most extraordinary ever ninde by a creditorto n solvent Govern- wment,” Mr, Chamberlain holds or controls 1,000bonds, having a faee value of $1,000,000, which I3 nbout onc-halt tho original debt, e proposes to put his bonds with coupons nttached in the bands of the State Auditor, to be held by the latter until the anestion ot the legnlity of the Issue is ndjudieated by the Suprema Court. 1€ the Court declies thnt the debt Is not valid the bonds so deposited areto be eanceled nnd destroyed by the Au- ditor. . If, on the other hand, It affirms thelr legality, the State I3 to pay him innew thirty- year @ per cent bonds one-half the face value of the repudinted obligntions, the samo 1o he aceepted in full satistaction of the share of tho debt represented. "This proposition at once meets and disposes of the pretended ob- Jection to the payment of the debt that It was illegally contracted. The Conrt s to deter- mine precisely what s due, so that the nl- leged willlugness of the debtors to meet their obligations when Judiclally ascertalned s fully accommodnted. 1€ Minnesota shall negleet this offer of compromise, it will be competled o take refuge In ihe Inst dishon- orable attribute of sovereignty,—that Is, the power to refect tho conditlons which' honor and the lnw bnpose on individuals, ‘T New York Natlon, having been fairly Leaten out of Its position and arguient, that Ar. Blnine was disqualified for the oflice of Seeretary of Stato beenuse he was not a law- yer, shifts Its grounds and nsks to be in- formed by Tur Cmcaso Tumuse what legislation he has *“shuped,” or *recoin- mended.” We have, perhaps rushly, taken it for granted that Mr, Blalne’s seven consec utive elections to the Lower Iouse of Con- #ress and turee consceutlve elections to the Speakership woulil be aecepted as evidence that he had had some influence In shapling and recommending legisiation, The Speaker Is usunlly understood to havea rather im- portant Influenee, at least In the “shaping department, and Mr, Blaine certalnly exer- clsed n power In that ofliea by renson of his personal favor with nembers that few Spenkers have possessed. Dut to descend moro to partlentars: 1t will be found that Mr. Bluing defeated the Foree bill, a mens- ure which was vehemently denounced by the Natlon, nut for opposing which hé was, I we are not mistaken, warmly thanked by that Journal. e was tho only Stnator who pereelved the Inlqulty of the proceedings of the Halifax Commission, and he moved n Inquiry into that subject which the emi- nent legal falueant who now acts ns Seere- tary of State fatled in directdereliction of hls uublie duty to prosecute. 1o was one of the nost netlve and usefnl members ot Congress from 186 to 1860, when he becnme Spenkor, and managed on tho floor of the House the Army, the Post-Oftice,” the Legislative, Ex- ecutive and.Judicial, and other approprintion bills, beshles taking o very netive part In the Traming of all the Jegisintlon relating to the tax and eurrency questions of that period, ‘Ihe editor of the Nation has only to consult the Index to the Congressional Record for the years mentloned to dlscover that M, Dlaine “shaped and recommended,” as we have sald, some most Important legislation. 11e Iins, fn fact, ono of the most fertilo minds that Congress has known, and his skill fn mannglng men and earrylng through meus- ures in which e s Interested would seem fo be mo mean qunllfication for a Seerelary of State. The Nution's nsstmption that no man ean be n good For- clgn Affairs Sveretury unless ho has resided sonto timgabroad and becomo hnbued with forelgn notlons Is teifling aud puerlle, Weo have had no such Seeretary of Stato sines John Quiney Adams, and are not likely soun to have another. In short, If Willlnn 11, Seward, or Danfel Webster, or Willinm 1., Marey, or Hamilton Flsh was presumptively qualified to disehnrge well the duties of See- retary of State, Mr, Blaknoe Is also; and it is olly for the Nation, which consults nlways its prejudices rather than Its senso of pro- vriety, to pretend to tho eontrary, THE NEW APPORTIONMENT-SOUTHERN CHEATING, ‘Tha attempt of the extreme Ionrbon fue- tlon In the House of Hepresontatives to forco through an apportlonment bill which shall diserlminate In favor of the ex-Confedernte States ought to result In completo and Igno- mlnfous fallure. Mr, Cox, wha has theman- agoement of the subject on the flvor of the Housg, hns the shrewdness to poreelio this, and ho hus himself dissented from the cone cluslons of the Conumlttee which he repro- sents, 0 majority ot the Democratic niembers of which are Southern Dumnocrats, p The bHL .recommended by the Committea. fixes the memborship of the Ilouse at 311, which happens to bs the number that willt glve the highest possible proportlonal repre- sentation to the South. My, Cox had pro- pared and tho Committes had previously agreedto u bill which fixed the membership at 0L, Now, it 1s notoworthy that, of the fen members Letween theso two numbors, the South galns six and the North only four, and one of the Iatter four is credited to Indi- wna, which the South formerly regarded us u natural ally, Mr, Cox has since of- fered n comprombsh smendnient on (ho busls of $07 members, which would deal with the two sections precisely as under the 301 apportionnient, but would save Ohle, Penn- sylvanla, Floridy, and Tennesseo theiryresent representation, give' North Caroling o enie her fora lurge fractlon, and only tako ono Instead of two, ns contemplated, from the v York delegation, Mr. Bherwin, of 11+ nuly, amd the Republiean wembers of the House have reported u Courth number,—i9,— which they ndvacate onthe plausible ground hat it would leave thy representution of the two sectlons proclsely as av present, ench Kalulug phirieen of the twonty-six new ments Lers, whlel woulit glve 119 members in the now llgixsu to the Sunth and 200t the North, "klo Lollowlng (ablo shows fata glwuce the relative net galns of eneh gection on the basls of 301 as first advised by Mr, Cox, or 507 ns In his amendment offered in the House, or #1t a8 In the Lilk reported from conmittee, or 119 ag proposed by Mr, Sherwin (Rep.), of 111i- nols: 0 7 M RIE memte | oieme [ meme § mema bern, | bera, | bera, | Ders, . gkt ikl sk i T New members.....| 8 1t 19 Noel . 2 Id [ [ iy 12 4 4 a . Mr, Cox’s amendment fixing the munber o! 507 13 open fo some of tho smne objecttons as apply to the Comnittee's partisan scheme, 1t gives the South fuur more new members than the North, while 1t does not ki down thoslze of the Ilouse sufliciently to warrant such diserimination. Mr. Sherwin proposes to add only. twelve more members to the 1louse than Mr, Cox In his sccond bill, ‘The diiference In numbers is not lmportant, while it divides the new members equally between the sectlons, ‘Tho arguments In favor of Mr, Cox's 501 Bill, necording to, his own statement of them, were that it provided for a Ilouso of conven- fent size and teait fairly by all sections nd purties. The only membership under 316 which would give tho South n smaller pro~ portional galn would bs one of 9N or 00, either of which would . leave Floridn with but one member and a very largo unrepresented fractlon. The only numbers above 28 at which the South would galn as miany 68 slx men- Ders net wounhl bo 206, 1505, and 511, the last of whiel was chosen by the Commitiee, Other things belng equal, it 1s desirable that tho wmembership should be fixed at as low o num- ber as possible. Any ono who has witnessed the vroceedings of Congress of late years must have reallzed that the objections to o large Honse uro very serlous, Itisnow ay wineh as a man with strong lungs and ex- perience in publie speaking ean do to make himself heard when the louso s quiet and attentive; and the nolse and confusion on ordinary ovcasfons are. denfening, IHesides, the presont hall eannot aftord acconsnodi- tlong for many more members, It is nlready crowdeit, el one-thirdof the seats are so un- desirable that the members nominally as- signed to them are obliged to exchange with some one of thelr nssoclates when they desire to address the House or tocateh the Spenker's eye, For these nud other reasons the recom- mendation of Mr. Cox that tho membership of the House be fixed s low as 301 commend- el itself to the press and public as falr and reasonable. It has Involved a sucrifico of relativo strength In the House by the North; but Republlean members have been disposed to submlt to that as fnevitable andas truly representing the spparent relative growth of the South due to the correetion of deticiens cles In the census of 1870, Iint the member- ship of 311 favored by the Committee does not stamd at all on the same footlng. It is not defensible on grounds of convenienco or public policy, but is avowedly r gross partisan schee, enleuluted only to glve the ex-Cons federate States an unduo representation In the next Congress, The presentation of such ascelieme In the explring hours ol a Congtess which atready has the seal of popular con- demnation aflixed upon it, and in- the inter- osts of a mnjority which in less than four weeks wHi be converted into nminority, is an nctof characteristiceflroptery and shortsight- edness which reflects no eredit on the Intelli- gence of (ts nuthors, Ifthe Committee’s bill Is sineere, nnd not presented, as we are alwost Inelined to think itmay be, a8 & basis for compromise, It fn~ vites a conflict with the Republican winority fn Congress and with the Republican KExecu- tives, which can have but one termination, The passage of the S11 blll by uny means whntever woull fnvite and surely merit a veto of the whole apportionment by the President. The conflict which was Inaugu- rated In the ease of tho Election lnws, and partially yepeated In tho attempt to foreo through tho Bleknell Electornl count reso- flons, woukd bo renewed, and it would have the same result. Any Northorn wan, Re- publican or Demoerat, who should vots to give the South such an extreme seetlonnd nl- vantage would senl hisown fate in Congress. ‘There Is not o district, East or West, in the entlro North which would approve of n bill that should concedo to tha Rebel States rep- resentation In Congress to which they were not Justly entitled; st the whole country, which has Intely eleeted n Republican Con- gress and Exeeutive, would rebuke and is- own any such attempt to usnrp power In the Interests of n minority party. THE MOST SCANDALOUB JOB YET. ‘There has been a bill pending before the Hlouge of Itepresontatlves to grant n subshly 10 Capt. Ewls to bulld s ship-railway through Mexico, Fads has obtained certaln conces- slony as {o the right of way, cte., from Mex- ico, nud one of the conslderations is that the Govermment of the United States shall guar- antee the puyment of interest, nt the rato of Gper eent annuatly for thirty years, on the bonds of Eads' company to the amount ot £50,000,000. Fhls bill has been réferred to the Scleet Committes on Interocennie Canals, whlch Connulttee conslsts of the followlng- nnmed members: Ring, of Loulstanng Slne gleton, of Hinols; Whitthorne, of Tennessee; Martin, of West Virginia; Osenr "Turner, of Kentueky; Nleholls, of Georgla; Intehins, of Now York; Page, of Californlng (3nn'ge1", of Michlgan; Frye, of Malne; and uskell, of Kunsus, Atn meeting of this Committeo it was voted to report the LHL favorably, but with the subsidy stricken out. The New York Thmes states thut those voting to strike ‘ouf ‘the subskdy were Ilutehins, Nicholls, Whit- thorne, Turner, Martln, and 'age,—~leaving Frye, Congor, Haskell, King, and Slngleton In favor of the subsidy. Strong efforts have sinee ben nwde to seeuro another voto In fuver of the subsldy, O this peint tho New York Times snys: In order to havo this netion reversed, ft hios eame necossury 1o win over one of these six gentlomon, und {1 scems it Mr, Martin, of WVost Vieginia, whoss teem explres with | the preCnt Congrss, was tha gentloman who ‘was nduced, for rensuim best kinown to hlmself, to moven reconsideration, and mibsequently to vote for the wodiicd sibsldy claiso, Huving thus secured i g fority oF the Commitiee, Capt. Lads oxpected thut ab the meeting to-day his ML would revetve pilinmntive aetion, In” this, huwovar, ho was dlsupnolitad, s the vpponents Of the subsidy defeatod nctlon by consuming tho wutlre sesslon I discassion, Oun Snturday lust the subject was before the Conmmiftee, und the voto on recommvnide img the LI Ineluding the subsidy was b yeas to 4 nuys,—~two ubsent, Sul'muquumly Mr, Whitthorne, who has been sick, appenred, and demanded to huve his name Teeorded, but the five Euds men refused to altow him to do #o, und will Inslst on reporting the most seandalous outrage over attempted In Congress, . Weo print elsowhera o full deseription of the whole sehieme, The work s to bo wholly n Mexieo; the Compnuy Is to bo Muxlenn, at subject absolutely to the control of the Mexteun Governanent, All the United States will hiwve power to do s to add $50,000,000 to the Nutlonal debt for thirty yoars, und pay £5,000,000 & your, op $90,000,000 In all, in the way of interest to u Mexlean corporation for u work constructed beyomd, the Jurlsdiction of the United States and under the exelue slve dominon wd control of u forelgn Goy- srnment, ‘The country ut largo, will be somewbat surprlsed to iead the names of some af thoso who are supporting this most harefaced of all the subshty jobs proposed In Congress, Ono would hink that Mr, Conger and Mr, Frye might he in more reputable busl- ness than glving thelr votes to plunder the Treasury In behalf of this noforlous fob- Bery, nud fn belialf of asubstdy of this strange charneter. No ratlonal man can think of voting the credit of the United States for thirty years, or any number of years, to the amount of £30,000,000, or any other amonnt, for a work of internal lmprovement In Mex- Ieo, by n Mexicon corporation, subject to Mexiean leglsintion, nul as far beyond the Jurlsdiction of tho United States ns if tho roadway were in Afghnnlstan, We have nolden that any such bill ean pnss either Iouseof Congress: but that it could obtaln tho aficmntive votes of even five members of 1 respeetnble comnliteo is evldenco of the fearful portinncity and sue- cess of any lobby which has money or bomls at its command, 5 LAME DEFENSE OF STANLEY MATTHEWS, T'he editor of the Cinelnnatt Commerctul, a strong friend and partisan of Stanley Mut- thows, whom the T'restident has nomlnnted a8 an Oliio man to take Justice Swayne's seat on the Supreme Nench, has recognized he forco of the opposition to the confirma- tlon of Matthews by enfering Into an elab- orate defenso of that gentleman's allitude on the Thurman bill relative to tho Pacifle railronds which had defaulted on the pay- ment of thelr interest, ' 1t will be universally conceded that no man in the country is better able than Mr, Ialstead to prepare an Ingenlons and plausi ble nrgument in behalf of any project or any gentleman whose cause he may espouse, lence n defense of Jay Gould’s nttorney from this source, which provesto be lnme and Inbored, nud earclully avolds an outrlght indorsement of his Senatorial effort to de- feat the I'hurman bill, reveals the weakness of the ex-Senator’s case, The merits of the Thurman bill may bo stated even maore brielly und ecompactly than the Commerciul has set them forth, and with equal falrness, The Supreme Court had de- chited that, under the lnw brevious lo the passage of the Thurman bitl, the United States Government had no authorlty to com- -pel the paymient of the interest on the honds it had fssued for the benefit of the Daclfic rallroad companies. ‘Tho Govermnent was limited to the retoniion of only ane-half of the amount dua these compnnlies for services renderwd to the Government in the way of transporiation, and was obliged to pay over to the companies the other halfy while the Intter refused to pay the Interest on the Gov- ermment bonds? The unfatr and outrageous advantage which tho Pacifie rallronds, that had been constructed with Government bonds, were thus taking of the Government fn order to pay large dividends upon watered stock. that did not represent the Investment of one dollar, suggested to Congress the ob- vious propriety of new legisiation to cor- rect this anomalons and Inequitable condition of things. The orlginal I"acific Rallroad acts reserved for Congress thoright to “add to, alter, amend, or repenl”; and upon the brsis of this reservation the Thur man bill was propared, which requires the Paelfic rallronds to pay into the United States Treasury 25 per cent of thelr net earn- Ings ns n sinking-fund for the ulthuate extine galshment of tho bonds loaned to the com- panies, which, it must bo confessed, was n very mild demands ' T'his bill passed both ITouses, and the con- stitutionality thercot was subsequently ap- proved by the Suprome Court, Iiut Stanloy Matthews, then a Senntor from Ohlo serving out John Sherman’s unexpired term, was @ zenlous advoeate of the railroads in the op- position they made to' the passage of the bill, and sought tosubstitute an inferlor measure, which proposed tho creation of n sinking- fund upon different prinelple, and with the assent of the companies, without which con- sent ot even the sneaking littlo Lill of Stan- Tey Mutthews would have any binding forco on the rallroads, - ‘T'ho Thurnian b passed in the face of the frantie opposition of Jay Gould's lobby-law- yer, Matthows, and beeame o law May 7, 18 The Pacific raftroads refused to pay on thelr defaulted bonds end resisted u the courts on the grounds of uncoenstitutionality of the net. It was fought by Matthews on tho -ground that Congress had no power, without the consent ot the companies, to change the nlleged or assumed contract be- tween them, It ‘was defended by the Gov- ernment on the ground that it was a legiti- mate exercise of power orlginally resorved to alter or amend the chartersof the cown- panles. ‘The terms of that reservation were contatned in the elghteenth seetlon of the act of 1862, ‘That seetion authorized the Gov- ernment Lo reduce the rates of fare on the rullroads, it unrensonable, adding: Aunl tho hetter to necompllsh tho objeet of this —namoly: (0 promote the publie nterestiand welfaro by tho eonstetietion of kuld ratirond wnd telograply tine, and keoping tho sume In working order, und to seetre to the Uovernment at all thned, It partlenlarly fn timo of war, tho uso nnd bepelits of tho saino far postal, militacy,and other purposes, Conuress miny at any timp—hav- fmyr e roynrd for tho rlglits of sl dompaniey nulmcfl horein—add Lo, wilery dinend, or repeal this acts Tho arzument turned on tho meaning of this resvrvation, ‘Tho Government in defense of the net eontended that its scopa embraced. tho provistons for aueh o sinking-fund, Tho opinlon of u mmjority of the Judges was dellvered by the Chlef Justice, nfiirming tho valldity of the Inw, maintaining that the es. tablishment of theslnking-fand wasa renson- able regulation of the administration of the atfalrs of the companles, wirranted under tho nuthority which Congress hud by way of wmendment to change or madify the rights granted by It, S Mr., Hnlstead’s present defense of Judgo Matthews ns a proper person to take n seat on the Supreme Heneh in splte of the hostlly attitude o thon ocenpled ton fufr Government mensute, and in spite of the zeal ho then ex- hibited in behalf of the rallrond corporations which sought to swindls tho Government, rests upon the following untenablo grounds: 1. 1t Is insisted that no test should bo made upon nu opinton In any partieular questlon, but should rest upon tha genernl fituess of the candidate, Whether or not this rulo be fair In n genor- alway, ItIs mantfestlyan error with reference to the Supremo Beneh in nease which may como up agaln for adjudication, mul which Involves u vast fnterest and an Jfportant prinelple. Thoro were threo dissénting opine fons ta the verdict of the Court afirming the constitutlonality of the Thurman Sinking- Fund act,—those of Justices Strong, Brad- Jey, and Fleld, It §s cortalnly the duty of the Lresldent to protect the declslon of the Court from reversal, so far s he can do 80 by giew appolntments, If the, Preshdent {full to do this, it becomes the duty of the Sen- ate to protect the country from the effect of the President’s vielous error, "Tho appolnte ment to the Supremo Bonell of any person known to be opposed to an fmportant provis ous sleelslon of that tribunal §s in the nature of an Executive nssault upon the Judiclury, and such netlon I8 the more roprehensible when 1t Involvea an opposition to the Guvern- ment's interests, 2, Tho Commerolal, In’ sdvocating the con- firmatlon of Matthews, holds that “u legis- Intor necessarlly tukes n nmiore cursory mud cr-purte visw,—more ay the advoeate of o sido than s judge between sides aftor heare fng botiL* . This may ba trua to s cartally extont and Iy Ropublican, same cases, But fn the case of Matthowy and the Pacltic rallvoads tho controversy was Tong und bitter, and the Senator, who wis o sworn representative of tho peoply, had ame ple time to convinee htmsel of his duty, If, uiler such elrenmstances, ho belioved I to Do his duty, ns a sworn Senator, fo espouse the eause of the railroads ns ngninst the peo- ple, it 15 not likely that he will chango his convietion slmply by changing his oflleial condition to that of Jwdge, If ha were Influenced as n Senator by lmproper maotives, the same nflueneo 18 sure to gov- ern him, * Indeod, -84 o Judge ho will have tho ndditional ineentive of maintaining con- sistency of opinion to prompt . him, on ocea- slon, to hold tenneiously to the sume opine lons hie expresseil ns a Senator, # Mr. Hnlstend contends that the question favolved n the Thurman bHL was falrly de- batable before It was declided by the Supreme Court, and that Senator Matthows was en- tled to bis opinion, 3. ‘I'his may bo conceded without removing tho objection to, the appointment of Mal- thews to the Supreme Beneh, 'The question was npoarently considered debatablo alter it reached the Supreme Court, since three of the Judgesdissented from tho opinlon of the majority of the Court, But, ns the pnssage of tha Thurman law awd the deetston afiirmi- fng its constitutionality were in the Interest ol the Government and the people, it 18 mani- featly contrary to publie policy to promote to that tribunnl a mun who may join tho dis- senting Judges and endanger a reversal of a Just deelslon, Lo the Injury of the publie In- terests aml for thy- benent of unscrupulous corporations. 4. Finally, Mr. Halstead asserts that “no one hasn right to belleve that there Is any Intention to reopen the case, or, i reopened, to unsettlo the former decision.” This Is manifestly begging the questlon, Wuprint elsewhero o Washington- letter to the New York Thacs which shows It to bo the Intention of tho Central Pacific Railrond Company to bring tho ease before the Su- preme Court agnin should Mr, Matthews bo confirmed, throngh a suit to be Instituted, in ihat event, against the Railrond Commission ers of Californin which shall turn upon the validity of the Thurman law, It will bo In the interest of the corporations to sceuro n rehiearlng of the ease whenover thera shall be any reasonable hope of obtaluing a re- versal of the former deelsion, and they gen- erally manage to accomplish what their In- terests suggest. In sueh case tho result will be doubtful. There remaln only three of the Supreme . Judges who may Lo relled upon to sustalu tho former dectsion— Chief~Justico Waite nnd Justices Miller and larlan, Of the two others who wero in favor of the Government, Justice Swayne has reslgned and Justice Clifford Is disabled, 1f Matthows, known to be opposed to'the Government side, tnke the place of Justice Swayne, who favored the Government, then there will be three Judges on the rallrond side, as Justices Bradloy and Tield dissented *nt tho first trinl. Justleo Strong’s place has been filled by Justico Wootls, whose position on the great prinel- ple Invalved §s unknewn, ‘Lhe Court will be limited to seven so long as Justices Clifford and Hunt are unretired aud yot incfipacitat- ed, and henco the eonfirmntion of Matthows actunlly menaces not only tho reopening of tho ense but the nctunl reversal of the former declslon. On thg whole, Mr. Halstead's Inbored apol- ogy for Jay Gould’s lobby-kuwyer proves, upon nualysts, to by s slrong argnment in favor of rejecting his nomination for the Su- preme Beneh, It has been ¢harged and proved In the In- vestigution of the Phllndelphia Gas-Trust, uce cording to tho New York Herald ¢ 1. 'Fhat I'ristees were contrnoting prrtles with thomgelves for suuplylnr flre-brick, motoers, ties, Hquors, und clizars, contrary to law, count of public lights Is grossly exeessivo ana frauditlent, ns shown by simple calenlution, which wonld require every clty lnmp to burn suventeen hours out of tho twonty-four to cons sume tho smount set Jown by the engincor, 3, Whut the suml-montily " puy-rolls averago 2,000 mon nstead of 600, which Jumes MeManes deetared to bo sntficient, This sliowa olthor 1,400 mmes fenmdulontly ontered, 1,400 sinceures, or 1400 moro men than are n . 4. Tho netvnl lows of SH2868 In tho conl cons tracts of 1870,0f which Councilmun Juhn Hunter,n hw declireatio hus pronfs, nmotmt- iy, or 45,000 por aonuin, tppearnnes of over 1,000,000 bushels of eoleo muda In 167, which should have pro- dueed 54,600, hut whiel 8 not nceounted For., o, “That in the conl-tar contret with Warron, Lober & Co. the elty 1oses $35,000 jer your, hos sides surr ring valuable gronnd ut o increly nominal re 1 of §1,200 per yoar to this firm of tructors. T t the Cushier who hne charge of tho city's interests In tho Gns-Works {8 clenrly in- competonut or purgosely mislending in bis ro- ports, "ThIs elurgo wus supporied by most sub- swuntil proof; among other things it belng ahown thut his necounts wonld not halance with tho Engineer's report, Furthor than that, thiy charge wis mwlo without any resorvation whit- ever, and it mny be sutd here that It can be sup- ported by tho testimony of two lénding export neconntints, who, nfter ptient exminlnation of tho reports, Justify tho most direct chaeges of Idiotle fncompetency or willlul confusion in tho Tepurta, . ‘That tho refuse lfmo which tho Trustecs puy # "Third-sireet contractor named Tyler to ke nway 18 rendily sold by him for €5 per scow load nt the Uns-Works wharves, invoiv- Ing_un additlonal loss to the clty of £0,100 por year, 3 Yet tho investigation has becomo n mockery and delusion. Tho nudit was suddenly stopped at tho mystorlons {tem * incldentals™ Ly tho phimp refusal of the Casbler to sppenr bofore tho Comnittee or totestify: and it Is now sotticd thnt n whitowashing report will bo prepared and agreed to, ed to K100y 6. The o —— It Is ascortained that Mr, Willlam IT, Van- dorbllt mot the' entiro oxpende of taking down, Lringlng neross the nconn, and resotting the Al exundelun obellsk which now points siyward In Contral Park, Now York, Tho uct shows thut Mr. Vanderbiit bas o Jiberal side. When ho confopsn benelt on the publio bodous ft ina hundsome way, Jle 14 ontitied to the sole credit for this performmnee, The oxpense was nbout F125,000, und he provided for it out of his private purde, not. only without ostontation, but with mudusty and becoming priviey. It cannot by supposed, howover, that thedonar of that splens did gire will bo forgotten, [fo hus lnked his e, unintontionully 1t may be, with tho trans- actiony und the fumo of the doed will survive ny long ub the vbelisk shall romain fn its presont position, Centurles honce, perhaps, peopte will Journey from tho motropolls ut the head of Lako Mlehlgnn to tho Liverpool ut Now York hurbor, and will gnzo at the onduring granit piikur, and usk now it camo to bu thore; whothor It was the City of New York of the Government of tho United States that moved it or whothor BOmO nssociution of wonlthy men holped to bear tho oxpenso. Tho guldo-books will tell thom that this was not the case, but thut ono Willlium . Vandorbiit, o publle-spirited oitizen, put hla hand In his pocket aud paid all tho Lills, Mr, Vanderbiit 18 a snuoki-nbused coltizon, und tho proplo are Justly Jeulous of his cuormous powor uvor thelr property rights; but he deserves honor for this net, Holas set anoxamilo that othor men in the same or shullur circumstancey woutd do well to fmitate, Kuropean Govorne ments cun direotly promoto enterprises of thiy kil and onrleh thelr people by buying art treasures abrond; but the United States must dupend for such acquisitions on tho liberality und wond tusto of its eitizens, . For this reuson, wspeolnlly, the notion of Mr. Vandorbilt 1s des sorving of hunoruble meatlon, - e e e ‘I'ries second annunl meetlng of the State Natural [{lstory Soolety of 1lliunis will bo hetd ut tho Ktato Suzewn of Natural Mistory, In tho Btnte-1louse, at Springticld, commencing at 7;30 I, Feb, B, 1881, Tho following Utles of pupors for this moeoting voe alrendy beon sent to the Beeretary: *Anclent Awrlonttural Implemonts uf Btone,” by the Ton, Willlnm MedAdwny, Otters villo; *Tho Protilstorio Cuve 3len and Mound. Dullders of Milnots,” by tho Hon. Whilam Mo Adnme; » Auclont Hiinois,” by tho Hon. J. (1, Jlendupson, Winchester; *The Origln and Dis- tribution uf the Fossil Fuels ot the, United Stutes,” by Prof, A. Il Worthon, Bpringtield; * Lmportant Faets in Blology, reluting to the Im- provument of Faculties Loy Usey und Tholr Loze it tho nmount of gus charged to"the nes | and Degenerney from Disuse,”” by Tyler Me- Whorter, Aledo; * Deserintion of o Now Zonites from Hiinoks,"* by W. W, Calking, Chteago; **11- usteattons and Applieations of. the Doetrino of voltlon,” by 1'rof. 8. A, Forbes, Normnlj 4 Notes on the Bae and Youne of tho I'hytop- iy W, 11 Gurmnn, Normals *Hehlzophytiy, and Thelr ltelatlons to Certalsy Infoctions Dise cases of Antmnts,” by Dr. HL J. Detmors, Chis engo; * Bnctorln Fermonts,” by I'rof, 1% J. Bur- rill, Champntirns * Notes on Artemba Anng T and Chenopodinm Atbumand Varloty () Viride,” hy Dr. J. neck, Mount Cavmel; “On tho Grape Roty" by D, B. Wier, Lncon; **On the In- Linbitants of Caves it Southorn 1ijn by 1% #. Enrl, Cotnled *Tho Bnglish Sparrow in Bepe temher,” by A, Fories, Communieatfons should bo addressed to 8. A, Forbes, Sceretury, Leland fTotel, Springfield, 111 — *s proposed subsldy-for-ship- Ping bl provided that two-thirds of the crow of ench subsidized vessel shall o Amerieans, Many of the newspapors make merry over this vroposition. Tho New York 2'hmcy, for lustauce, Bnys: % Patrlotic ns Mr. Blnino's bl Is; it 19 onen to complaint for want of thoroughie: 1f two- thirds of tho crew are 1o be Amerieans, it is munll’unlr proper that two-thirds o putse gengers should also he Americans, 'Uhnt un Amerlean stenmor shoild be filted with forelgns cnrerseapabile nt auy monteut of king “*God Save the Queen,” o thy * Watch on the Rbine,” §a not to be thought of. Proba- bly most of tha pussengers on tho ontward rusmwn wonlil he Amerfeans, but on the pnssigo hoime the - abip, 1T unprotected by |~|Illflh o 10 undoubtedly bo filled 'Fhis impatriot; 31 of an Anierlent stenmahilp could ho prov by sither of two oxpedients, Tho ship might bo forbidden by law to enrry forcign-born passen- gers to an extent greater than one-third of her pussenger list, or Amerlean cltizens vonld he pudd large Government aubsldies to wo to Liver- 'mnl and hold themsclves in readiness to come homo in Americnn steamers, und 8o l!rt‘,\‘mlt forelgnors frot making use of thom. Judging the extent to which our most lm}mrmmlmu ot Amerlean stenmers now In stenee—tho Tacitle Mofl stenmships—have rn Hind drawne thoir passengers, the subsidies intended o lnduce thousanda of Amerjomis ta constantly cross the ocenn in Mr, Blalne’a ships swonld wn- doubtedly need to ho very lurie; but there is no tion that passengers conld be hired proe tho Governmont would pay tho necessary oy Mn. Drary B —— M. GAMBETTA was present Jan 20 at the nnmual dinner of the Parls wineshop-keepers, and was enthuslastieally recelved, He expressed Lis gratifieation ai coming into Intercourse with trade socleties which wero the real represents ntlves of industry and thrift, This wus a duty wwhich ho would never shick on any pretext, 1o vindicated tavernkeepers 'from the imputution of fomenting rlots, one of tho stercotyped necu- sntlons of the resctionary press. If tho ante- cedonts of tho Dukes and Peers who conduet thoso papers were slfted, many sham friends of domoeraey would be found nmong them, Tho wineshop was for the workmun and sinalt trades- mun what the club and saloon wers for tho rich, and he condemned the rigorous leglsintion to which §t was aubjected, and which placed It at the merey of ofilelnls, The humble wineshop- keepers were an hnportant seztion of soclety in populons quarters, for, ns his fricnd, Martin® Nuduud bad said, “Le traveil donne le solf" ‘Ihis wns why the artisan und tradesmun wero more ofton to be found there than the noble, Ilo expressed sympathy with tho impatiencoe felt for n relnxation of this legistution, so uy to distingulsh between trivial contraventions and adulterntivn or friud. —— Iv 1878, at tho requost of Mr. Stanley Matthows, thon n.Benatorof the Unlted States, o comuittos wis appointed to consider hig relus tlons to Mr. Jumes E. Anderson. After nino months that Comanittee, of which Mr. Allison was Chalrmun, reported a8 follows: ‘Wo enunot but regurd his netion lu respeet to James 13, Anderson’s elfort to obtuinan appolnte ment 1o oflice, under tho clreamstances, as wrong and injurious to the publie Interest, Mr. Matthows hlmscll wdmitted that he had promised Anderson an ollice ns # consideratios for tho suppression of documents, but slleged thut he belk 1 thoso documents to bo fraudus lent and the cose which it was attempted to estublish by monns of them us catumnlous, No doubt he was right in both assmuptions, but the Comnmitteo helil that ho wus not ‘Jjustified in sottling 1 cnse of that kind by promising un office to tho blackmailer. e —— T Cinelnnatl Commercial, in advocat- ing Jay Gould's uttoruey for o sent on the Bu- premo Tench, {3 coustrained by tho facts to 1uake this ndmisslon: 3 3 Thern Is one ground of opposition to tha con- firmation of Jinlgo Matthows tiut i3 seriois, Wo rofer to hid nttitude as u Seantor on tho Pacille rallvoud questions. It 8 churged that in tho Senuto ho spoko ns o lawyer advocating tho cluims of tho raflroud [monvpohists] ngalnst tho peogtie nt inrge, and thit his nomination 10 bea Judgeof the Supremo Conrt §8 a point In a polioy of packing the Court for tho roads-and ugninist the country. ‘Thut 18 tho ense in a nutshell, and no amount of special plending can explafn it away or be- little fe. It waa n disgracoful thing un the part of Ilnyes to numinate such n man to tho Su- preme Court, and does amount to an nttempt to pacle the Comrt in tho interest of rallrond monopallsts, y —— Tug Ultrnmontane party of Germany aro not yet recouclled to the Emplre, The Berlin correspondent of tho London I'lmes writes une der duto of Jan, 2t: N 1t will fenrcely bo bolloved, though it I8 never- thicless true, it on tho lat st bolng tho deconury of the restoratlon of the Emplre, when ail tho press of (lermany comblued to glority tho ocenslon, tho Vaterland, n Clorienl print of Munich, appeared with a bliek border, und the exclumation, ** What o wondoerfu change, by Uod's permission}” The Germans are not pnr(lculnrli’ shocked by fmploty, but thoy nvo mere than horriticd by unpatrlotisin, Wiy Gen. Garfleld told the Indiang del- gation that ho wina politically **u bankrupt with moro obligations thun nssots,” ho moant to fn. thunto politoly that, in his Judgment, It was time that tho demand for oflice should ccaso. But, though the General mny be # bankrupt, so far us ollice-geckers nro concerned, he I8 in tha ost solyent condition in bis relations to the country utturge. He will pny ondemand I able aud honest services nll that he has over prowlsed, or that hus been promlsed in his bohutf, Grear sntisfncuml has been occasloncd in tho watch-mukine districts of Switzorland by the recolpt of some oxtensivo orders from Ause teallis ns o consequenee of tho Swlds oxhibits at Mulbournc, Bwiss watehes ure bolog protty well runoutof this country by those of Amorlcun mumifucture, notably those mudo st Elgln aud at Walthum, A rrosuNeNT Ohlo politiclan says: “If Stunloy Matthows goes ou the Bupremo Dench he fs justus likely to follow in tho footstops of David, Davis us to do othorwise. Within two years ho may bo o prouounced Domocrut,” ——— Jonux JAMES PraTT, the poot, i4 a eandis date for tho I'ostmastership ut Cinelnuatl, truly u poetical ofltico; and the New York Trilnmiesups ports bius for 1t fu o lyrio and hnpassioned wane nev, s —— 4 PERSONALS. # My tleket-of-leave doesn’t seem to enable me to leave," ~Michae Davitt. i “ 13y tho way, how Is that fund for ox-Pres. fdonte gotting along?'—IR. 13, Hayes, 48, J, T=We cammob pay 8L for your Joko about Gov, Sprague belug u Bl of diverce, Bixty centa 3 tho llmit, The collego football ehamplonship for 1830 has been thuly nwarded ta Yaly, Faronts oun now Lnve 1o oxense for not sendlug thelr sons 10 tho best sebool. Plorre Lozlllard, Jr., is to be marrled soon to Miss’ Curoline Huamilton. Tho expectunt groom §4 very highly conuected, bulog u son of the man that owns Farole, From tho fact thut tho Springfoeld Repub- Hean of Thursday contulng a Joadlug artlolo eus titled * Woman's riutnph,” it looks us though anothor wan bud been held up for o scalakin BuLquU. J‘ Alr. Tilden has evidently decided to retire ftorover from political ife, He rocontly guve #100 to help defray Weston's expunses ln the comiuy race for the Astioy Ly No muu could go intg n ewmpalen with this Mnging over him, Tennyson snys the nightlngales have not sung at Furriugford since the Prineo Cousort dled, For mnolid mnn, AIf kevps up with the pro- *cusslon protty well, Amerlean llars should not Lo discourugod, however. They can weur hhn out In thne, Willimn Ray Dobson, thé 15-year-old son of uwenlthy St, Louls wan, rocently ran #way from howe and adoptod the lifo of a bighe wayman. o wus captured by thopolle, and will Lioreaftor be used us g clork jun Ciucipant hoted, In which poaltion Wiltio ,m(? peivilexosofa Dick Tarpin with gne " dimndvantoges. Uy An Onfo port remnrks that— Lnt nfane with iny consclones, 1 8 Pited Wwhiore o had A W lnlked of former vy In tho anu whoro the years ThISI8 1 ¥Ory Protty wity of sisiing tayg, Toon was closed und 1o clock lud wgyper 208 John Forbes ity years ngo wag u,.; lestor of 'Paxos for Vermiilpn nity, g, which then inchided tho wsent site uf (0 Hathor than dncur tho expenso nnil lrum.(u“"' Journey over tho prafeles from tho conpyyer, § 10 Uiat town, o puid Chicago's tuxes gyt 220 own pocket. ot by The question Is ono of celery, | had oeension, the othor duy, to |'u»|n1|l;{(”-‘():’.1‘m it by, celury—s u oo thing, T ypeo = Biut it=tho Thmee—tms furthor ocension i mark that it Lns sometting better Iy tho wy, -". celery thun it had tho other diy, iy o0 Srom Messrs, — & Co., 0f South Watgy po® and 18 produced in Lo Vinw, horth sty of o cawo Itivor; und thoy supply tho trade ¢ all lhh coutntry round wbonL with (€ which want g1 422 clty, huwover, geemns generilly to prefer ng ¢ o ferloe nrtiele, which 8 furnished by o .,,,“"" fngg fraternity, henco et bt tho rofuse,— gy 4 Litlic Talea for Little Folks™ Ly Wity m Starey i A very sad ineldent oceurred on the West ido recently. A girl from Boston whose ), actal alTeolons hid beet Won by @ 5on of the prer. durimg her visit to this eity wns talkiy 1o Agassizellko way about tho city's heal, g hind gane on about zyimotle diseases, nud ayore and zodsperms wiitil the young man l»umuu.r; think that Boston must Yo quite a tuwn o keep away from if thoy ralked many such girly 1here, After briof but coiprelensivo revicy o jh snibjoct, sho elosed by asking b 48 Lo dig think that tho presence of anlmalenly 1y thy \vmorwnsInrw.-[yreslmmlhlurm-nnw)mrmem, ent glekness. Ho replied in his frank, nanly way that hie had ever henrd wiater choleru caliedyy thut e, but was glad they had tixed up o titly for It that wonld enablooven the humblest work, ngman to put on stylo when the cause of hlg deconso was mentloned. Boston girls should g & littlo earefutly with Chicago young men, Thoy arenot vory cultured, but many of thom eag play third-buse to perfection. PUBLIC OPINION. New York Natlon: Mr. Tlayes has during the pust year purdoned or reduced the Runh'nu‘; of thirty-one army ofticers found guilty of drunkenness gnd much resulting scandnloug misconduct, What we deduco trom this sorry verformnnen is simply that Mr. 1foyes is wenl und Irresolute, Bloomington (11L) Leader (top): What reason undor Heaven tho Domocrntie sachems of Tiinols hiad for gotting togetlier at Spring. fleld the othor dny wo aro unablg to nscertafy, Wosupposed they woro going to certify t thg fuct of tho party's demise, or elso show somo #ood reason for ks continued existence, They did nelther. Thoy could do no better than 1o ullivm tho old platform aud reorgan tha sume busis on which thoy have just eten, Thero di 1 6eein 10 ho n stngle new e cutlre ng: ligo, trom Judgo Trambull down 10 'Tom MoNeely, and 30 all tiioy eould do was to resolve that thoy had learned notbing and fore gotL nothing, and’ndjouri. Doston Ierald. (Ind.): Personalty, Gen, Woadford ranks with tho best men in publle Iifo. 1o bins been eleeted Licutenant-Governoe ofhis State and member of Congress, aud way strongly supported for the Viee-Presidedicy in 1670, That such n mun, with sueh o record, rlould go out of oflice on tho too of 'res Huyes' otitelal hoot, elther beeause of his tric shin for Gei, Grant or his relationy with Sene atar Conkllug, Is an mjustics 1o him, nnd annet that makes more fustinn ol tho President’s words in favor of o higher prinelple of selectlon, AMr. 1tuyes’ velligereney townrd tho New York Henutor cames 100 Inta 1o’ give bin o reputation Tor cournge, uud will damugo himselt more than anybody clse. New York Ieratd (Ind.): The ranks of the Congrosslonal lnwyors, however, are bolng ateadily reduced, and tho next Senats whl cone taln probably u lavger number of merchonts, manufucturers, and fanmers than at any period In tho history of the Government. Of tha seventy-six members who will tuke thelr seaty in Mareh twonty st lenst nre busiess-men, whilo, in ndditlon, three othiors have practicully abundoned law to engupe in commerelnl orothon pursuits. In the clections wiieh have Just tuken place five lawyers aro syceceded by ivg gentlomen belongiug to the commerclul clussesy Tho buginess luterests of tho conntry—Its mines, rullrouds, agrlenlture, commerce, and tende— Wwill this year hnve i Inrgor representation thany |)usslhly, they ever had i tho highest leglsintivo hody, wnd the chango eannot il to be benctielal, In an oratorical way tho Senunte may not be sa brllllant s In othor ditys, but it will be mord vompetent to leglslato upou tho great vital interests of tho Nutlon. A correspondont of the Clneinnati Com- merelal wrltes: By far tho wnost nceurate estie mato of future population over wmudo i thi country, or any other, was mado by nman named Wateon in 1813, As his predictions werg publlshed that year thore can.bo no doubt of the genutneness of his % guesses.” Mo predicted that the populution in 1850 would bo IALmef Ot course ho did not cajenlnto on tho War, and hence'ho missed the mark some five millions, T'o show, howover, that it was the War which put Watson off tho track, it Is only nveessary lo compuro tho figures of those remarkable pres dictlons with thy actunl result, ‘Tho prophecled were made 11 1815, und hero Is the striking mane ner in which guceossive censuses buye shown their uceuracy: Cenrusof il par, 062100) pEaIl] 10T SLILOY FINTHEN] llerer wo (ind that, in 1815, Mr. Watson pres ddlcted within nbout H60,000 ot whit the popiise tion of 1ho United States would be {n 1A, of forty-five years after tho recording of bt propheey! Ay Gon, Walker suy thid mnteer, it ol nman, o mere hinnan being, »shonld be nbte to Prestiet ity years u the numbur of fulubitunts In W taphliy »:rmh“h"1 countey within w frnction of 1 per coit, soui wonderful almost beyond heller,” Ttud tho Wae not Intervened, it is bel < thut \Vununsrm- dletions would ‘havo held goo in 1N and I Dut in 18570 ho was ahend of tho censtis m’n{_l‘ 4,000,600, nnd_tn 18830 nearly 5,000,000, llnutmg«” 0f tho War, direct and contingent, we cal x\mi know, hut Watson's flgurcs, nimost absolutely ugcurato 4p Lo tho War perlod, woull show it (0 wileol thepresent yearto tho extent of neariy G000, Tt 1, Iud” thore boon no war, (B Brusonl poputution of the Unlted m.ucwuun 0 libotit 65,0000, Watson predicted that (b un[nllulmn fn 1900 woald rench J0ON, ';r un, Wulker does not bellovo It will by 0¥ about 80,000,000, Spuech of Mr. Blatno In tho United States Sonuto: [ think tho severest strafn to which (8 country wus over subijected outside of tho War of tho Ttobollion was i tho Incidents connectol with tho sottlement of tho Presidency in 15 and Ldoubt whothor If the torm ha beca $0f perlod of ten yenrs this cowitry could nah\.“ found nu ontirely poncoful solution. 1say ! for thio benotit of the gentiomen who think ¥ ought to huvo a longer Presidentlat ter i that hud buon for g ten yoars' settioment of U t Prosldenoy £do not belioye wo coulld nuvo‘:i\ a3 peacoful an udjustmont us wo nam"{‘ reachod, Wao got tho advantago of u short ter of four yoars, glving u period In tho near futurg u which the caso might ho tricd over us'lnfloflm " foro the high court of tho poople, Tho 3 Watso's predictions, 1461:25,000 the term the more eontent tho m“"‘f" aro to wnbmit, Thut §§ why fbo By that havo had “‘unnual eleetlons in hnd tho most penceful mlmlmsmull::uu;\ fort this cuuntry, and why thoy have bud 'l?"'ls““. peacetul contosts. [ believe tho h""'TLunMN utor frot Conncoticut upd_ mysclt will both g 10 800 Wt regrot Ut the Now EnehintiSi., o glvimg up their old system of dot 1 tons und rflnruulz ta tho ble botleve the annual etection of Leglsliture fn thoso Sutes b Targely to tho peacotulness und et as10 suecess of thelr admiulstrations, 13 T aubmilds tho genoral readiness und heartiness 06 F o slon tothe result by tho defeated ”l, voil €41 bontun this year, in oy twelve mont il ex¢ try it uln, and'with oo or o BOULC ¢ ecptions thore hus beon \'cr)’lluh-‘-"". Tum or disordor consequent upon” o FHT gy vory Biro dtafl ovents tt thore bus G of unnealthy aud dungerous eacileio, o Htates that huvo bud nununl l’l""”(:"_“p\-u that nny othor States In the Unlon, und [ lengined Just in proportion us you clongate '““uu Vaited thu torm of eervico of President of e Ly Stutes Just In tho gamo propustion Wi T gt extrrordiunry uyritatlon attendant UG ftwere o two yours' teem, elected u3 of Ropresentutives Is, buating thelmpen txeeutIve ongbt of tho popuinr Urtd thore would bo less caeltem 8 now, Muko the tern six, clebt oF und you fnerenss tho exeitement e im0 rutlo. - Now wo v a four yo s not Hkely to bo changud, cort 1ho litutlmo of this generation, bu T men who have reachied torty, o nd “"Z;‘JD"‘ alxty yoars comes around very Tapilly. around rupldly toull, It wlll bo bers St nguin, wnd it y’vm bo's reproach n_l‘mf,, 2t tho Chinmber und 1o this, (o the STy td Oblo, and to myseif, and to aft ol 1% e noL somethlug dong to relipve the G tho upprebeasion of what oocutiv foruadh L what' muy occur uguln If Bo Wiy B koD 1o REVYent Ik