Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 2, 1881, Page 12

- 12 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, JANUARY 2, 18SI—SIXTEEN PAGES LITERATURE---ART---SGIENCE, | The Life, Work, and Opinions of Heinrich Heine—An Important - Addition to Literature, Early Life of the Great Poet and Liberal —Hlis Witticisms and Criticisms— Ris Menoirs. Reminiscences of Francis Lieber—Notes on New Books—Bibiiomania— Scarlet Letter—William ™. Hunt. Magazines—Books Received—Lit- erary, Art, and Scientific Notes. _ LITERATURE. THE LIFE OF WEINRICH HEINE. William Stizand’s “ Life, Work, and Opinions ot Heinrich Heine’. has been translated futo English and publishéd in London. The German edition was first issued in 1673, and ts the best extant aeeouutof the Ute of this wonderful Unt erratic genius, The English version is & welvome addition tu the growing library of bio- gripbical Hterature. As a biographical work, it 1s full, comp!ete, and in the main impartial. Wile the author is evidently an enthusiastic admirer of bis hero. be is not blind to his faults, his follics, and his strange inconsistencies. He does not attempt to place him on tooloftys pedestal, although doing full justice to hisex- truordinary talents, Skeptical and cynicn!, un- principled and immoral, humorous and satirical, poet and critie—such were some of the characteristics of the man who died an outlaw from his own country, nutsed and cared for by the Parisian grisctte whom he had made his wife. Heine was outwardly that strangest of nil paradoxes, a Christian Jew, though at heart an infidel. AJew by birth, and a Christian’ by conversion, that be might take ‘bis degree as a lawyer, yet ever at heart a Jew; later in lite & bold, reckless infldel, then turning again to thefem, and finally dying with the ribald jest upon his lips: “Dien me pardonnera: o'est sou métier.” Such were some of the religious con~ tradictions in bis many-sided character. Licentious himself, he could sing in sweetest, most soul-stirring tones of purity and virtue; always attacking others with ‘bitterness well nigh unparalieled, and seeming Jy a cold, heart~ ess cynic, he was always generous and self- sacrificing to- those poorer than himself. Preaching the doctrine of the world and the tesh in & most aggressive and defiant manner, he had the merit of being a sincere be- liever in bis own doctrines, a sympathizer with eudering, and with an acute perception of the beautiful in everything. These are sume of the traits which Stigand lays bare in his hterary dis- section of Heine's life. He also shows us the poct who sang second only to Goethe and to -chilter; the relentless critic who stopped the Schlege} was the German source: the trenchant, "polished writer; the wit wnom Thiers called the wittlest since Voltaire, Matthew Arnold speaks of Helurich Heine as “The greatest name in German iiterature since the death of Goethe.” Hosmer says: “* We must regard bim as a genius codrdinate with Aristophanes, Cervantes, and Montaigne,” although be adds, “It is bard to ‘uetieve that he was earnest about anything.— art, patriotisui, religion, or treedom.” And Theophile Gautier says that, “When he spoke, from thelr crimson bow there sprung and whizzed pointed and barbed arrows and sarcastic darts which never missed their aim; Tor never was aman more relentless against stupidity; to the divine smile of Apollo _Buececded the sneer of the satyr." Stigand, bis jast Llographer, sums up his criticisms with the yemark: “Justice herself, too, must. relax “comewwhat the vigor of her rules in the case of a nature so capable of being impassioned by loye, £0 accessible to benevolence and compassion, 80 gensitive to joy and sorrow, so susceptible of pain and pleasure, and so tried as well by the visitations of Providence as by the, injustice of sian.” In truth, itis a most dfftienlt task to as- sign to Heine his true position, His biographer wisely admits that it is impossible, and relegates une task to cach reader according to bis own standard and bis own convictions. ‘As wit and poct.—at a time when the reign of great poets was almost ended.—and as. the best [iterary representative and mouthpiece of the persecuted Jewish nation, Meinrich Heme cccuples a position from which be cannot be dislodred. Fran a ballerina whom be met at Lucca, wittily said he was “one the century,” having been 1800, The Jestisa good his birth was Dec. 13, On his of the first_men of. Dorn on New~Year'’s Da: ne, but the reul date oi “or, according to Steinman, 179%. die, he said, there fell the last moonbeams of cn the eighteenth century and the first morning stow of the nineteenth. In his will be thus ipeaks of bis life-work: “It was the great task af my lite to labor at 9 hearty understonding en Germany and France.” That be justly ppreciated the two great nadions may Be trun that be necomplished anything of practical ilue in the direction of what he calls his “ life’ labor,” by bis writing, may be doubted. 11 was slave's tibor fost,”"if be was sincere in this auclacation. Unfortunately, it was impossible to tell when he was sincere and when not. Heine loved not the English na- tion, and satirized them unsparingly, But his Knuwiedge of them was superticial, acquired uring a residence of but a few short months in Iwe writish Capital. ‘The same superficiality is a Uritish ebaractenstic in passing opinions upon nutons, expecially upon America and ‘American institutions. They aught not there- Tore to object to an allopathic dose of thelr own medicir I is as a poet that Heinehes won most lasting Tanie, for sume of his songe—~in his best, work, * Book of Soup”—ure immortal. Mr. Stigand hus often permittéd the subject of his volumes tu speak for himself, and we thus get a good fn- eight jnto bis peculiar temperament, bis weird funcies, bis brilliant imagination, bis marvelous co umand of Janguage, end matebiess grace of style, not lost even in ‘the transiations, These are all true poetic qualities, without which the domain of the mase is not successfully invaded. Heine the poet, himself proves his claim to rank among the first of poets. He was born in Dfsseldorf, his grandfather naving been a merchant and bis father having Uecome one in order to win his wife. Like tne, Heine owed much to his mother, and bis F affection was consistent throughout bis Even from bis bed of pain in Paris—from his “‘ mattress-grave—he always wrote to ber as though be himself were sound: and well, and ehe rensained fu ignorance of his terrible malady until after his death, At 6 years of age he witnessed the entry of the French troops into , Disseldurf. The influence of the Freneh occu- pation und the relief it brought to the oppressed fis persecuted Jews bad an effect upon Heine's J mboic life, It may be true that be was a better Frenchman than German, Atany rate, later fn lite his Uberal writings and criticisms Ied_ the Government to offer him the option of exile or imprisonment. He chose the former, and durmy the greater purt of his ite was under a ban in bis own land, forced'to live in a city, his writings circulating surrepti- , or, if permitted, subjected tirst toa rig- erous censorship, Jt is worth while recaMing the condition of the Jews in Germany about this time, for it had undoubtedly much to do with Heine’s subsequent cynicism and bitter- aud attacks upon the Government and. its From Stigand and from contempora- neous history if 18 evident that in Germany, vp 1 the time of the entry of the French and ‘tho introduction of the * Code Napoleon,” the Jews regarded asa rice of Pariabs. ‘The faw gave them no protection. Against murder, rob- Dery, Violence, and insult they had no redress. Massacres of Jews took place at various towna in Germang fate in the century. On festival oc- casions the people rezardcd it as their sport and their right to hunt the Jews through the streets, 1o bteak their windows, and to sack theirbouses. Jn most towns they were forced to_live separate from the rest of the inbabitants, and were shut off trom. them by gates nat night. At Frankfurt only twenty-five Jews were al- lowed to marry each year, in order that the race ymight not increase too rapidly. Even Jews who fouzbt in the wae of liberadon, and attained rank as olticers, were obliged either tosubmit to degradation to the ranks orto eave the army. No wonder that Hefac, full of tatent and ambi- i fected during all bis he persecutions to which his race was jected in his nutite lend until the Revolu- n of 148. - * eine, as a boy, was more remarkable for mis- ievous prupensities, quick wit, chan for a de~ ¢ to develop the talents he possessed or for any love of study. He was gencrally the ring- leader of bis pliymates in. their riotings, and spent no inconsiderable portion of his time shut up ina courtyard, with hens and chickens Yor compauions. He was a sbrewd young scamp, observing the Mosaic law or evading it as suited ‘When a fire broke out on Satur- Aiur best. aay te refused to také a piace in the’ chain to work the © fire-buckets, the plea that it’ was his Subbath, on Pl “bile he would evade the law forbidding pluck~" ine wmapes on Sunday by biting thenf off the Fines with bis teeth, “atis first fove in Uiterature wus. Dou Quixote.” and * the satire af Cer-"} yantes seemed to him but a too true parody of the experience of enthusiasm and imagination in covtact with every-day life.” In one of his letters—written when be had attained years of understandiug—the shadow is cast before of the Deut of his mind and the tendency of his literary ventures, * Perhaps you are right,” he wrote, “and Iam but a Don Quizote, and reading of all kinde of marvelous books has turned my brain, as was the case with the Caballero dela Mancha. Jean Jacques Rousseau was my Amadis of Gaul, Mirabeau was my Roland or Agramant. . - He (Don Quizote). wanted to bring me. feudal time back again, while I, on the other band, would destroy whatever is loft of. it; and so we act with different aims, My colleaguc mistook . windmills for. giants; while 1 in the giants of our day see nothing but windmills, He mistook leather wine-skins for mighty magicians: while Tin our mighty masicitns see nothing bat_ leatner wine-skins. He took beggar hostelnies for casties,-don key- drivers for cavaliers, ‘stall-venders for court La- dies; white I take our castles for bumpkin- telries, our cavaliers for donkey-drivers, and our court ladies for stable wenches. . . '. I was then of the opinion that. Don Qufxotism consisted in the fact that the noble knight want ed to brins back into life a pust whieh had long died out, and his poor limbs, especially his back, came iuto paintul friction with the present. [Alas! L-bave since understood that it is just a3 ‘thanklessa folly to undertake to bring the future too soon into the present, especially if one'bas for such a campuigo agninst the. ponderous in- tercsts of the present only alean jade to ride upon, # very rusty harness, anda very fragile frame of body.” This letter is in truc Hein- ‘esque veln,—bittor and keen. He nad wild, welrd fancies, and conjured ‘up as strange uncanny visions as Poe. * When Lwas aboy,” hewrotein afterlife, * I thought of nothing else but of mag- ical and wondrous tules; and every pretty woman ther I t for a Queen ‘in of her dress was witch.” ae Grimm drew most of the material for bis “Life of Goethe " trom the latter's * Dichtung und Wabrheit,” and Stigand bas drawn much of his material for Heine's life from the poct’s “Reiscbiider.” This was not an autobiographical work, but contained some admirabie sketches of his early life. of his thoughts, purposes, and {n- ventions. ‘Sparkling virnets of his carly life,” Stigand calls them. To digress for a monieut: it we necept Heine’s own testimony, he undoubt- edily left bebind him several yoluincs of *Mom- ors” Stigand considers this as clearly proved, and inclines also to the opinion—which is not equally well proven—that these * Memoirs” were sold by Gustav Heine, the poet's brother, to the Austrian Government, which bas since them safely -undor — lock and key. The. Princess della Rocca has recently published » yoluma in Itahan en- titled “Records of the Private Life uf Honry Heine.” The Princess is the caughter of Heine's peloved_ slater Coarlotte Heine, who married Moritz Embden. In this work the “ Principessa” ailirms thet no such “Memuirs” now exist or ever have existed, and warns ber readers that if any such works are published they are spurious 4 posit bis couch: “Look and probably forged. Now, what is Heine's own testimony on this subject? It seems clear that the notion of writing his Memoirs occurred to him at the time be was in treuty for the publica- tion of a complete edition of his works. In 1810 he had completed four volumes. Already in 187 be wrote 10 Campe, bis Hamburg publisher: “Day aud nightam I at work. with my great book, the romance of my life, and now J feel for the first time the whole worth of that which I have Jost by the fire in my brother's house, in respect of my papers. . This shall pe the next thing i Fntea the public shall havo from m6.” Later he wrote to. the sime. person in respect to some letters from Hahel: “Yet I ‘have a few letters which she wrote to me about Salnt Simonianism. . al am intending to make use of them for my auto- biographical work.” In 1640 he announces to Campe that be had completed bis work so far in four volumes, and appears well, satistied with thein, for be adds: “Even if I die to-day I shall leave behind me four volumes of auto- biographicat history or memotrs which will rep- resent ny thought and striving, and which, on account of their bistorie matter. of thelr true exposition of the most mysterious of, transitive periods, will go down to posterity." Anda small art of these volumes forms the gccond book uf is unfortunate work on the “sour-visaged re- publican.” Boru., And, azain, he said to Meiss- ner one day, pointing toa chest of drawers op- you! therearemy mem- ofrs; therein have I been collecting for many Years past a series of portraits and frightful sil- houéttes. Many peopie know of this box and tremble. In this box is shut up one of my best, but by no means the last, of my, triumphs.” Nor ig it dificult to believe that Gustav Heine would have consented to suppress the memoirs, since he did not shrink from assisting the dying Max to get rid of Heinricb's letters. To return for a moment to the “ Reisebilder.” Jt is full of bright and witty sayings. Of his youthful studies he says: “* ‘or Latin, you have no {dea how complicated it is, The Romans would certainly never have had sufticlent spare time for the conquest of the world if they had had first to learn Latin. These fortunate peo- ple must have known in their cradles what nouns formed their accusatives in in. 1, how- ever, bad to learn them by heart in the sweat of my brow. . . . Of Greek Iwill not speak at alls Lshould vex myself too much. The monks in the Middie Ages were not so- far wrong when they asserted that Greek wasan invention of the Devil. With the Hebrew it wag better. . . - Yet [aid not get on so far In Hebrow 23 my waten, which at some time or other, must have bad intimate relations with pawnbrokers, for it acquired Jewish habits—to wit: It hada way of refusing to goon Sundays. + Lunderstood the German tongue better; and that is no cbild’s play. I learnt something. too, from Prof. Schramm, who. had written a book on ‘Tne Rverlasting Peace,”* and in whose ciass my Tellow-scamps always did the mostfighting. . It was not my fault if I fearntso little geography that later I very often Jost my way in the world. For the French had at thnt period dislocated all frontiers, and countries every day got a fresh color onthe map. We got on better in natural history, . ... Some of the pictures remained fixed fa my mempry;.and it bappened subse- quently very often that a good many people ap- peared to me at first sight like old acquaintances, also in mythology I guton well. I had such & iiking for the posse of id goddesses who governed the world 60 merrily without care or raiment.” ‘And so the poet rattled on in bis mer- riest mood. . At 16 Heine is described as “a lively and roguish boy of extmordinary promise, of ex- treme sensibility and imagination, the darling of fairies and water-witches, the com- rade of Don Quixote, with bis heart tull of sun- shine and nightingales, He had just enough education to make him yearn for more: he bad a wild, unextinguisbable desire for nn intellect- ual life.” When sent to Hamburg be satieicaly. says of the ladies of that roodly town: “Cupid, who often lays the sharpest of love-arrows in his bow, “but out of clumsiness or roguish- ness shoots much too low, snd hits the Hamburg ladies, not in the - heart, but in the stomach.” He remained Hamburg: until be was 19, misunderstood, unfortunately, by the rich uncle jn whose banking-house he bad been placed. While here he fell in love with his cousin,—the lady who in different masks appears su often in bis poems. Heine's nicce, the Principessa,in her volume already referred to, denies that ber uncle was desperately enamored of Amalie Heine. Stig- and, however, states that episode in this prosale manner: “She entangled Heine in a loye- affair, and then set ber fancy on somebody else, who jilted her, after whlch she married the frst person who presented himself, and who was & Person of good estate.” ‘This 1s.an ancient ators. ‘Such as is ever new To whoursuever It happens, ‘His heart is broken tn wo. At the -University of Bonn he entered the Faculty of Jurisprudence, and came under the ersonal influence of Schlegel. “ He was,” wrote eine, “with the exception of Napoleon, the frst great man whom { had yet seon, and [ shall never forget his sublime look.” " While under this intluence, he wrote part of his ‘Junge tLelden,” aad part of the tragedy of “Almunzor.” Into the latter ho threw all his entire self with bis paradoxes, bis wisdom, his love, bis hate, his craziness. Soon after he went to Berliu aad became imbrued with the Hegellun phltosopby.. “I was young and proud, and it idttered mr pride to learn from Hegel that the blessed God was not, as my grandmother told me, living in Heaver q Imyself, on eurth, was the blessed God.” One trait of bis churacter not especiully to his credit was made manifest here. fie engaged in a duel. The rule was that slashes only were permitted, and that ao thrust defeuted the giver. To insure his success Heiue purposely rug bls bip upon bis adversary’s sword. His “ Junge Leiden,” « Al- mutnzor,” * Radcliff,” ‘and “ Lyrical lntermez- zo“ were published while in Berlin. In 1925 Heine was baptized a Protestant, a conversion with which relyrious conviction had nothing todo. | He ch.aged his faith simply with the hope of bettering bis chance to obtaim bis daily bread. Even his biographer condemns the act. * This act of baptism on Heine's part was a iistake,” he says, “even 50 tur as expediency is con- cerned, while from a higher point of view it de- serves a much worse quulification It is revoli- Ing to seen man of genius adopt the same lux mies of conscience which are conceded to or- dinary Worldlings and. adventurers. There was nothing in Heime’s circumstances to render the step imperative, however: useful it might prom- ise to ve.” He was an apostate Jew, yet always He mockingly suid, “The certificate of baptism, is a card of admission to European euicure.” Alter taxing bis legal degree, Reine ‘went Hamburg, and there pubjished the * Hararcis: or the tirst_purt of his * Relsebilder.” In 187 he went to Munich to edit the “ Politische An- nalen”; in 18 he returned to Berlin and Jn J6&31'went to Paris, an exile from Germany, where the Government had become 60 incensed against him as to make him an outlaw. Thence- fosth be is 2 Parisian. He Js constantly writing, both as @ critic of art.and literature and in the tield of politics, while bis poems are numberless. An bis inst years he was attcked with a terrible disease,—the softening ‘of the spinal marrow,— and Imgered about vight years, enduring great agony. “As he lay stretched upon his ‘inat- trass-grave,’ there was a bitterness in bis mocking, an audacity 1n his blasphemies, which ‘the wildest declarations of his preceding years bad not possessed.” in his willhe says: “1 die in the belief of one only God, the Eternal Creator of the world, whose pity l implore for my immortat soul.” ‘Yet the last words of this ving paradox was a ‘devil-may-care mock.” what might more plainly be termed a gross Dlasphemy, In truth be was an unaccountuble man. One or twomore of his witticisms are worth recording. On his sick bed he was asked it. he hud rend one of: the shorter pieces of a certain dull writer. “ No,” said he, “I never read any but the great works of our friend. 4 5 a Jew. marriage turned out well. in’ I like best his three, four, or fiva volume books. ‘Water on a large scale—a lake, a sen, 20 ocean— iga fine thing, but I can’t endure water in a spoon.” Or wike this verse: : “On a pewter plate 2 pfy’s bead they brought; And you know in the German nation, jt'a the snouts of the pigs they always select For w Iuure! decoration.” We havo no space for an analysis of the place and jniluonce of Heine on the political world, ag seen through Stigand’s glasses, Nor can we dwell upon the details of his Parisiun life, bis indefatigable tadustry, bis bitterness azninat all men, and his continual financial ditliculties,, In many respects the tine he spent in Fruace was ‘the most important, as well us the mostintorost- ing, of hie lite. Here he wrote bis serics of articles Tur the Augsburg Allgencine Zeitung, afterwards published in i form, also his Peltrige zur Geschichte der neuen Schiuen Literatur in Deusebland,” in two volumes, and “LT Allomagne,” awork in which be attacked the romuntic writers, the pintosophers, and in fuct nearly everybody. _ In 1310 be published violent work against bis former friend, Bérn, becume Involved sia duel with the’ busband of indy whom he alleged to have hud illegitimate rela~ tion with Born, and on the eve of the duel mar ried the faithful grisette with whom he had for sonie time been living. Poets have often dis- played a strange tastoin matters mut Goethe married bis housekeeper, Southey o dressmaker, Moore a, builet ‘girl, and Heine a grisotte.. Byron married a bigh-born mulden, find had bo murried one of lower rank might have been huppicr and have caused: less pos- thumous discussion of his married lite. Heine's Tn 1863 he made bis Inst visit to Germany,and dicd jn 1856. The year before his death he snid_ to bis phy ‘icfan that “he was convinced that if, his nerves were exhibited iF the Exposition Universelle they would obtain gold medal for pain and sutfer- ing.’ His stifferings must indeed have been In- tense, when he could write of that for which bo had striven all bis life tons. “What lists it to me that at banquots my health is drunk out of golden goblets and in the best wine ff € myself. meanwhile separated from all the joy of the world, can only wet my lips with insipid tisane? What lists it to me that a enthusiastic youths and diin:8els crawn my mar- Bile bust with lnurels ‘when on. ii i. head a pilster is being clapped behind my cars by my old sick-uurse 7’ He died ‘easily on the Ith of February, und was buried in Montuta rtre, near Cavaignac, Ary Scheffer, ‘and Wulévy. | There were no rebgious services. He was Jaid to rest in the midst of a crowd of poets and artists, wo stood Bround in respectful sence. He bad been an actite, prolitie intellectual worker, and ncomplete collection of bis works published at Hamburg in 1861-’67 formed twenty-one vol- umes. Heino may be called the great biel priest of, the gospel of sensual enjoyment, using the term in its broadest sense, There is much of conrse- ness, ribaidry, aud profanity In his. writings. He had no religious belief, and was one of the ‘worst infidels, free-thinkers, and, ardent disci- ples of the Panthetstle theology of St, Simon. ‘Re was not of the sanie spiritual stuff aa. the Dantes, the Tassos, the Spencers, the Miltons, ‘and the Schillers,—poets who never did aught unworthy of theit genius, and who have exalted a3 well as increused the spirituulity of the world. But the most bigoted and the most in- tolerant of his censors must admit the great- ness of his mind, the wonderful originality, of his thought, the might of his genius, ‘ond tho faithfulness of its devotion to beauty and fer- tility in conception of: intinit grace and purity. It. is @ life to be read and woudcred at,—ay even though we tutn away front Its contempla- | tion with a feeling of wonder and disgust that eunseience could be so seared and principte £0 utterly wanting ina genius so grent and so as- tonishing. The circumstances under which be was born and tho character of tho age hare much weight;in forming ‘an eatimate of his life and work. His imagination ran riot. Much of his poetry {8 Byronic, yet could be sing as sweetly and as pleasantly as Shelley. He was a powerful, vigorous thinker, and as a man of let ters entitled to first rank. “ He was the boldest and keenest of political and social critica; a rebel by nature and habit; extraordinarily far- sighted, and sat io Judgment upon whut he gaw with rare wisdom and iberallty.” With Stigand’s volumes there is but little fault to be found. In dealing with Heino's life and with his work, he ig satisfactory and fair~ minded, “neither extenuating nor setting aught down in malice.” He frecly condemns many of Heine’s-acts, and deplores tho writing of several of bis works—as the “Romancers,” which he says bad better never have been written, But ‘he i3 less satisfactory in his comments on Heine's opinions, too often seeking to excuse that for which there can be no excuse, And he is too severe, With a little of bis hero's gall. in referring to thasé who, while . admiring Heine’s génus, were unwilling to worship him as - the two-legged = sod Hegel had taught him to believe himself tobe, Haine himself bad no patiente with bis critics, as the poet Platen, Born, atid others could testify. But the biographer should be free from. the egotism of the poet-author. Take as a single instance what Stigand has to say of Goethe,—one of the four greatest pucts whose names are revorded ‘on the payes of the world’s history. /Goethe had sald of Heine: “itis nut to be denied that be possesses many brilliant qualities, but he lacks love. He loves his readers and his fellow-pocts as little as himself, and thys’ tho saying of the apostie cun ve applied to'bim, ‘and, though I talked with the tongues of men and of angols and bad not “Jove” (charity), so were Tas sotud- ing brass or a’ n tinkiiug cymbal’” Stigand calls this ** the most pharisnical saying ever ut- tered by the old heathen of Weimar,” and he saya of -hhn: “Goethe was never wholly the poet or the man of science. He wns Goethe, in respect of whose personality all things human and divine were of inferior moment. .». . Goethe spent his‘ heart’s blood on his loves and scorns;,. . . bis nature icy and.de- liberate: . +a. stately, mundane philoso- ber: ... | who socompletely disentangled ‘imself from all sympathy with his-fellows that neither patriotism nor any of tie deepest pas- sions and hopes of humauity were capable-of. distracting bin from his astrological and physi- ological investigations; . ~ . Goethe who en- tered into partnership with humanity on the ‘limited Nability’ principle; .--. to whom etry hud become something completely ob- Jective asa Grecian statue,—something wutside himself, at which he could chiset at his leisure witbout In the least intorfering with the equa- bility of his - emotions,”—these are some of Stigand’s scattered phrases which he sppiles to the great poet who only said of Stigand’s hero that he licked heart, love, or charity! There are some tew typographical errors in the two volumes, Heine is not to be imitated, but his life is interesting reading, and Stiand deserves: credit for so skilifully using his material. New York: J. W. Bouton. REMINISCENCES OF DR. LIEBER. President Gilman, of the Johus Hopkins Un! versity, hus edited two large volumes, entitied “Reminiscences, Addresses, and Essays by Francis Lieber, LL.D.” The editor's task has not been a difficuit one, since the volumes are mere collections of Dr. Lieber's work, prefaced by the biographfenl discourse delivered before the Historical Society of. Pennsylvania by Judge ‘M. Russel! Thayer. Dr. Gilman was somewhat embarrassed by the wealth of material offered him from which to make hfs selections. Prof. Lieber was.a voluminous writer on almost all subjects, and, as the period of his literary activ- ity exterided over some fifty years, be could not well avoid the accumulation of 2 vast amount. of matter. His mind was versatile, incessantly active, and admirably trained in polltical-philos~ ophy. Tho second volume contains in in- troduction by Prof: J. C. Binntscuill, of Heidelberg University, on Licber's Service to Political Science aud Internauonal Law. Aud this second volume, if jess interesting to te reader, {5 moro valunblo to the scholar. ‘Those who havo listened to Dr. Licber's lectures on International Law and Political Science at tho Columbia College Law School do not need to be told of bis profound scholarship and admirable abstracts of the subjects presented. If not a popular writer, be was at all cents thoroughly sound and learned, He was often consulted as an authority by the Government, und many of his opinfons on constitutional, ‘military, and international law will always be referred to with respect by publicists., As Dr. Gilman well say's, ull bis later work seems to bo the development of germs which originated in his early days. Ais [fberal education in Berlin titted him to be the Hberal teacher of American youth.. His career at Waterloo suggested a military allusion in‘many of his writings. He was early imprisoned for political offenses. Throughout his days be was the friend of the convict and the advocat of reform in penal institations. “1 believe,” hesays, “that fom tho only ndyocate of sol! tary confinement who speaks from personal ex- perience within 8 prison wall.” He went to reece to aidin the establishment of its inde~ endehce; and he never through life failed to @ in sympathy with those who were struggling for Nberty. He studied Rome with -Nicbubr os his guide: and he ufterwards drew political les- sous, whenever thoy were appropriate, from the experience of antiquity. The old world frou which he came he interpreted to the new in which he dwelt; to his native land be explained iis adopted couutry. He went to the South well -acquainted with the North; be came back to the. North understanding the South. “His life was tong and his impulses were innumerable. but from beginning to end, in litte things and in great, may be traced the character of 4 philosopher, who studied, that which twas and Pas winiot to help on at let should be.” re 'r’s correspondence and memoirs arée-to be published in a separate work. Pe Sea in Philadelphia by J. 8. Lippincott NOTES ON NEW BROOKS. Mr. Bouton has sent usa copy of a pamphlet, translated trom the French, entitled “ Biblio mania at the Present Day.” It contains an ac- count of some of tke more celebrated of recent ‘book sales, giving the prices at which Important books were sold, together with the prices brought by the same books in previous sales. It treats of the luxurics of French lUtcrature, and igan interesting and neat. little. brochure to those who are fond of collecting rare books, and who are desirous of knowing all about their. fiistory. About bali of the book is taken up with an accountof the Didot sales, the proceeds of which bave already exceeded 2,250,000 francs, and the larger portion of the library is still un- sold, : —Two books for children entitled respect- ively, “The Boys’ and Girls’ First Story Book,’* matrimonial. | -bunele”; Antiquary are: ™ wil and “The Merry Nursery,” haye veen received, the “diy after the Fair’' They are ‘both abundantly iitustrated and well filled with mnt- ter adapted to children's wants. Of the two the “Merry Nursery’ is. by:far the best, but ehil- dress who lave enjoyed and appreciated the art work of Crane, or Greenaway, or Emmet might refuse to have anything, to do with such cheap wood-cuts, rf —"Wayside Flowers” ia the titic of a collec- tion of short poems of very unequal merit. The mitjority of them are of a religious turn. If the flowers are not roses, neither ‘are they mero blossoming weeds. “What rc thou doing with thy life?" is full of thought. and the poetic vein is well sustained. ‘The majority. of the shorter poems rauk with tho better kind of newspaper poetry. Compared with some other recent poctrical works, * Wityside: Flowers” has many. claims to favorable consideration. : —The principal Joeal value of the little hand- book entitled “Questions on Kent’s Compen- taries” Is in the ‘refereuces, which show where tho law of the State differs from that laid down by Kent and tho sole use to be made of such & work is in schools or colleges, or inthe examina- .tion of candidates for admission to the Bar. The questions only nre given, aud the answers must hunted up by the student. ‘fhe plan of the book is 2 good. one, and it has been carefully prepared to mect the want it scen:s' likely to be able to supply. + —Mr. Henry C. Angell has prepared n compact and handsome memoir of the iate William 31. Runt. His claim that he was “the first Ameri- can artist of bis time” is unwarranted by the facts. That he was among the firat may be ad- mitted, He was a portrait painter the Sreatcr part of his life, but alzo painted other subjects, and during Mile last yeurs became greatly interested in lundseape painting, His zreat work, however, was his ¢xecution of the commission he received from the State of New York to paint two large pictures in off upon the walls of the Assembly Chnmbet in the new State-Honse at Albany. Mr. Angell’s work contains many let- ters from Bir. out of somewhat scanty material be hag made ‘quite an interesting little book, to which the publishers have given a very attractive dress. ~—Rosa Varther Jeffrey has a handsome face and figure, aud her picture is a3 attractive as anything in ber book of poems. - She has a vivid imagination, butit tukes occasional iuverties witb what haye hitherto been necepted as facts. Nevertheless, there are many pieces of merit in “The Crimson Hand, and Other Poems.” Thore ds cousiderable origtuality, as well ag metrical skill, displayed in some of these. bullads. The verses ure above the average, and are not written solely for the suke of stringing tozether an endiess quantity of Jargon with periodic ingiing terminations. In sentitnent, the author is tender, and witha good deal of power and strength of exprossion. — Little Songs for Little People-” is a collec- tion of short sotigs gathered from various sources, adspted to the needs of ehildren, so far as they may be cunsidered as baving any needs in this direction.. The compiler has suc- ceeded in securing variety, and the little people ought to derive’ considerable plengure and in- struction trom the puges ot this little volume. —Chatterbox Junior" might be appropriate- ly termed the child’s delight, It overtiows with good things for the youngaters, and ig not writ- ten either aver thetr heads or under their feet. The number for 1881 13 an eutirely new book, not having ang {Hustrations or matter contained in previous years. ‘There iare over 200 iliustra- tions of the kind children most deilight in. —“‘Home, Sweet Home.” Payne's immortal sony, uns been beautifully illustrated in. excel- Jent taste by Miss L. B. Humphrey, and issued as A neat littis book for a boliday gift, The verses added to the abeet-muaic hy Mr. Payne, for his relative Mrs. Bates, are also given, The little book fs unpretentious yet tasteful, and in har- mony with the spirit of the poem. Historical Sketches of Andover” is 9 large, substantial volume containing all that is known about the extrly history ofthis Massachusetts town. Icis wonderful haw much can bo said about a place when ang, person bends ali thelr cnergies to the task of Saying all they can.’ The old records of the town furnish the basis on which the author bas builtber work. ‘Chere are many iNustrations, and tha book has been hand- somely clothed Dy the publishers. Many will undoubtedly tind it of, very great interest, and it is pleasantly and entertaintagly written. —A largo folio containing twelve outline com- positions from fuwthorne's fumous story of early New Bngland life, by F. 0. C. Darley, has been published by Houghton, Mifflin & Co., of Boston. Mr. Darley’s illastrations' are always ‘spirited and skillfully driiwn, as those who re- member his instrations of Cooper's and Irv- ing's works, and his * Legend of Sleepy Hollow” in outline similar to the Yolume before us, will bear witness, Everything in bis work. even to the minutest, doralls. ta in harmony with the subject of which be \freats. The work of the artist brings vividly to infhd the powerful work of the novelist. Itisa book to be studied, not burriediy glanced over, and will well repay for the time bestowed upon it. MAGAZINES. - ~ Me ‘Chicago Medicat Peview tor December has. editoriat articles on: “Signal Service and Public Hygiene"; “ Asylum Ady “Womun's College Controversy": “Aortic Ancurism”; “Otowhea Hemorrhagic Small-Pox,” ete. it ~Potter’s American Monthly for January uns table of ‘dontents: “ The City of “The Watcher"; “Christmas Roses": The Pavilion’on the Links,” conclua- ed; “Offenbach, the Composer”; “Farewell to the Year”; “Art Needlework"; “Attractive Homes”; “George D. Prentice”; and “A Lat- ter-Day Saint.” ; jag —The Bankers’ Magazine for December, among. others, has articies on: The Report of the Con- troller of the Currency”: “Currency Scarcity. and Bank-Note Contraction”; ‘Aspects of ‘frade, Present and Prospective"; The Public ¢ "The Duty of Reducing the Public United States Bonds and the National 3 “Indebtedness, vf tho British Colonics.” —Among other short articles in the January nuuiber of Prof. Goldwin Smith's Bystander are: “The Terms of the Pucitie {Railway Agres- ent"; * Prospects of Parties"; * The Taritf"; “ Our Hducational System’; * The Toronto City Council and the Champion Oarsman”;.“* Dan- gers of Immizration "; >The Relations Between England and America” ;“'The Irish Situation"; aud “ Cathol{eisin and Jesultism.” —Littell's Living Age enters upon its.148th vol- ume in January. The tirst weekly number of the new volume has the following table of con- tents: “Village Lite in New Enzland,” by a Non-Resident Amerlean; Contemporary’ Review: “The Marshal Duke of Saldanha,” Quarterty Review; “Lyme Regis: 4 Splinter of Petritied History.” Cornhltl Holliday in Jamaica,” Chambers’ Journal; “the Photophone.” Specta- tor; * Girl and Grandfather,” Temple Har; * Sic Alexander Cockburn,” Spectator; “Jewish Suc- cess and Failure,” Spectator; and a variety of select poctry. - —The January number of tho International Review publishés the first installinent of Edwin ‘Arnold's now poem entitled A Book from the lind of, Indiu.” Other articles are entitted: “State Support of Denominational Schools in nyland,” IL, by the Rey. R, W.-Dale, D.D.; Horace Bushnell.” by Prof. George P. Fisher’ *}tecent Biographies of Edgar A. Poe,” by. Eu- Didier The Chinese Question.” by in Densiow; * Portrait-Paintinir and Gilbert Stuart,”. by T. G. Appleton; Ire- “1, by Leonard Courtney, M. P.;'“Bush If, by Walter Chambertifa, M. 2. —The contents Of the December nunsber of the Lady ‘Agnes Hungerford,” by ium Joan Hardy; “The *Grub-Strect * Jour Part IL, by Lord ‘Calbot de Mulabldes homes Jenyn's Bookeof Armes,” Strang- man’s yersion, edited by James Greenstrect; “Old Rural Songs and Customs": “A. Medieval Pilgrimage to. the Shrine of St. Alban,” by Ridgway Lioyd: “ Letter to Sir Wiluinm Mau- rice,” from William ap William; “Gems and Pregions Stones,” Part IL, by Edward J. Wath- erston; “Bxtracts trom Purish Registers and ‘Account-Hooks, Eltham, Kent”; Meetings of ‘Antiquarfan Societies, ete. —The contonts of the” holfday, ‘Art Interchange include: “The Rexctlon in Wood-Engraving,” 2 critica! paper by Charles Dudley Warner; A Dit of Yellow,” an artist story by Harriet Prescott Spofford; “ Our Crist- mas Robbery,” @ conceit for old and young, by Hove Ledyard, with silnouettes’ by Heleu M. Hinds: “Steep, Baby, Slecp,” a lullaby with music’ of elusaical excellence, by Clack W. Braue: * What fs Action?” a discussion, ilus- trated, by James E. Kelly; * Bossy,” a full-page illustration by Winslow Homer; * 'Mefistofelc,”” Arrigo Boito's_ opera, illustrated by Kelly, Forbes, and McVickar; an embroidery design by Lowis F, Day; a colored lithograph in _tlat tints by Kosina Emmet; “Yo Be Merry," a proof-im- pression on n louse sheet of a full-page wood-. aving from Harper's Magazine, drawn by. yk reviews, art-work number of tho eng E. "A. Abbey; and articles, and art news. —The popular magazine, the Californian, opens the new year with u number of more than usual interest. Tho first paper in the January issue is a sprightly colloquy, entitled, * The American Imitation of England," by Octave Thunet. John H. Durst.has a carefully consid- ered article on the debrie question, which is of great interest to the people of California. Kate Heath relates the weird experiences of “A Child's Journey Through Arizona and New Mex- ico.” Jonguin Miller writes a charming tribute to “Ol litornians.” W. W. Crane, Js. gives his impressions while traveling * Up the Moselle, and Around Metz.” Prof. E;R. Sill has. plea, well worthy of perusal, for * Tho Best Use of Wealth.” ‘Tu aadition, there arc stories, poems, essays, humorous arlieles, science, att, and drainatic reviews, al! making up 2 complete and fascinating number, LITERAY NOTES. Richard Grant White's “Every-Day. En- glish ” is severely handled by tho Pall fat Ga- zelte. ~The third volume of Prince Metternich’s Memoirs will probably be ready véroreeb- ruary. ~The first tnstallment of Mrs. Burnett's “Fair Bazbarian” will appear in the Affdwinter Sortb- ner, and will be published in three numbers. ‘This story Has already been published serially in Hunt, to pupils and friends, and ses"; “| Malignant Car-, a magazine with a different circle of readers, ‘The author has revised it but made no material change. a A —Prof. Huxloy is preparing a volume on Berkeley for Mr. John Morley's series of “Ev- glish Men of Letters.’ * :—“Tne Emperor” is a new novel by George Ebers, the author of “Narda,”. “The Egyptian Princesa,” and ‘ Homo sum.” —Two children of Sir Algernon and Laay Borthwick are said to be the originals of Zndym- ton and Myra in Lord Beavonsiield’s novel. —Sir Theudore Martiu indignantly denies the Queen bud anything to do with his * Life of the Prince Consort,” except where he hua ao indi- ea —Gambetta bas in press an authorized edition of his speeches and his arguments in political caso3, whieh will contain. seven or eight octavo volumes. au. —The Rev. De“ Tyng Je. wilt roply at an early day, in Harper's Magneine, to Dr, Coan's article, “Does Life-Insurance Insure?” which is in the January number. —Friedrich Sptelbageu has finished another novel, to be called’ Angela,” after its heroine. ‘The scene is chtctly Inid on the banks of Lake Geneva, in the autumn of 1871. —The first tnstattment of Flaubert’s posthum- ous work, “ Bonvurs et Pécuchet,” bas appeared in the Nouvelle Revue. -It is not a cheerful work and will probably shock more readers than it Wil please. —A catalog of the printed books and the man- uscripts of the Vatican Library. 18 in ‘progress. Students have long complained of the mengre facilities offered them in this storehouse of Jearning, but itis now announced thut the col- lection will hereafter be more accessible. —The- Indian Mirror says that a Bengali zen- tema has appited to the London University tor permission to compete for its B. A. exumina- tion from India. It considers that the granting of such an application would have a most in- Jenous: elfect on the progress of Indian univer~ sitles. —The Librarian. of the State of Now York, Dr. Holmes, bought nt the recent, silo of a “ibliomaniac's library the completo’ set of the Maitland Club publications, 100 volumes, ‘This Club was founded in’ Glasgow in 1628, and the publications relate mostly to old Scotch his- =Prof. Nordenskjola's forthcoming book “The Voynge of the Vega,” will contain sevoyal bundred illustrations, maps, and portraits, and is omg trausiated into English by Sr, Alexan- der Lestie, Eaitions wilt also be published in French, German, Danish, Finish, Polish, Dutch, Spanish, and Italian. ~Mr, Froude fa about to be anticipated by Mr. F. Martin in the promised biograpby of Carlyle. ‘There isno nverment that the author of tha “Statesmen's Year-Book" has gone into the merits of Carlyle's life with the same care asthe author of the life of Cesar would be sure to x0, ‘but he bas collected a multitude of facts, and is qualified by previous training to arrange them in a systeniatic and effective way. ~—Gernla Massey will publish early in Feb- ruuary, 1881, the first two volumes of a book on which he bus beew engaged for ten years. It isto be entitled “A Book of the Beginnings: Containing an Attempt to Recover and Recon- stitute the Lost Origins of the Myths and Mys- teries, Types and Symbols, Religion and Lan- uuge, with Bay t for the Mouthpiece and trica as the Wirthpince."’ The first volume wilt contain * igs prin Origins fn the British Isies"; the second, “Egyptian Origins in the Hebrew, Akkado-Assyrian, and Maori Mytholo- gy and Languages.” —A Boston paper calls attention to the fact that the Christmas publications this year are more American than ever, and indicate un ad- vance in taste as well ay hixury. Says our con- temporary: “All this appears best in tho il- lustrations, notably the woodcuts; it appears in the periodicals; -it is seen in the Shopay it is felteverywhere. This is the more gratifying as these evidences of the Nation's social senti- ments indicate a degree of refinement and chaste delicucy diferent from English massive- ness, French polish, and German innocence. In n picture-book it is easy to point ont American from English work, and to prefer the former. French illystrations are spirited, German work -i8 highly attractive, and English books arejustly esteemed, Yet there is a decidedly American taste; an American school of artisans and artists tries faithfully to meet its wants; It suc- ceeds, and it promises an interesting future.” —There is a curious slip in Lord Beaconsfield’s novel of * Edymion,” which has eseaped the at- tention of the reviewers. “Our orders,” the hero remarks, “ure recognized by Rome.” On the contrary, Rome does 2nt recognize the validit: of Anglican orders. Curiously enough, tuo, all but ouc of the London reviewers tripped up on the present of 40,00 made to Eudymton inChap. G7. ‘The Yetcgraph says that Lady Montfort secretly endowed hita with that sum; the Duly ews attributes the gift to that lady; the Morn- tug Post suys that tie mystery is never cleared up, but the donor can bardly'bave been either his sister or Lady Montfort; the St. James Gazette thinks it was Adriana Neuchatel, “Che St. James Gaztte along was right. On the same page where the gift is announced, we read that Lady Montfort expressly denied having stnt : it, and that “her. nature was singularly frank “and. feariess.”_ Only a coupte of puges before, in Chap. LXV., we' had been told that Myra hnd not the money. In Chap. XCV. Myra tells Hndyniion: “Were it not for Adriana you would not be here,—you would be nothing,” and whispers a secret to bim that makes him start and qiternately blush and look pic. InChap. XCVIIL we ure expressly told that Endymion confided to Lady Montfort “the extraordfuary revelation which his sister had made to him about the parliamentary qualifica- tion,” and Lady Montfort says, * You cannot re- turn the money,—that would de churlish,” while on tho same pnge itis announced. that ‘at her wedding Adruia received ‘a wonderfully valu- able casket of Jewels from a giver whose iden- + tity was never revealed. Of course Endymism gave them, thus paying back her gift. It is de-. Cidedly curious that with all these finger-posts planted plainly along the road the English re- ‘viewers should have trooped straight over the precipice of error.—American. BOOKS RECEIVED. Tae AMentcaN CODE OF MANNERS. New York: W. R. Andrews. —Morneruoop. A Poem. Shepard. Price $1.50. —THE Merry Nursery. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co. —CitAaTTERBOX JUNIOR FOR 188L New York: R. Worthington. Prico $1. . =Tuz Bors’ anp Girts' First Srory-Boog, Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. —Revensed Directory oF THE ELITE OF Carcaao. Chicago: H. A. Pierce & Co. —~Litrie. Sonas For Lirrie Prorre. New York: A.D. F. Randoipb & Co. Price $1. —Tse Portioan Works or Levi Brssor. Sixth Edition. Albany: Weed, Parsons & Co. —On tne TrrEsHoLD, By Theodore T, Mun- .ger. Boston: Houghton, Mitilin & Co. ° Price $1. —Tre Lorp's Prayer. By Washington Glad- den. Boston: Houghton, Mittin & Co. Price $1. BALLADS AND Ornen Verses, By James T. a dg. Boston: Houghton, Mittin & Co. Price * ~Home, Swret Home. By J..-Howard Payne. ore ia Boston: Lee & Shepard. Price —Waysine Frowens. A Collection of Short Poems.. By S.C. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott &Co, Price $1.25. —HisTORICAL SKETORES OF ANDOVER. By Sarah Loring Batley. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin &Co, Price %&.7 « \ —Questions oN Kent's ComMestartes. By Reuben M. Benjamin. Chicago: Legal News Company. Price Si. 2 —Reconns oF WittiAs M. Hust. By Henry C. Angell. Illustrated. Boston: James Kt. O3- good & Co. Price $1.50. Tux Crtuson Hap, AND Orner Porss. By Rosa Vedtner Jeffrey. Philadelphia: J.B. Lip- Pincott SCo. Price $1. TIONS IN OUTLINE FROM, Haw- si “ScariKt LErrer.’ By F. 0. C. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Price Boston: Lee & THORNE" Darley. $10. —REMINISCENCES, ADDRESSES, AND ESSAYS BY Francis Liner, LL, D. By D.C. Gilman. Two Volumes, Philadelphia: J-B, Lippincott & Co. Price 36. —lire AND SERMONS OF DR. H. W. THOMAS: IncLupINe THE Discourses oN Wnicn He is Cranaen with Heussy. By Austin Blerbower. Chicago: Smith & Fobes. —Tne Goun Sraxparp:. Its Causes, Its Er- FECTS, AND Its Future. From the German of Baron Wiliam von Kardorff-Wabnitz. Phila- deiphia: Henry Curey Baird & Co, ART. ART NOTES. Lieut. Julius Payer, one of the leaders of the Austrian North Polar Expeaiuon of 1872-74, bas settled at Munich with the intention of devoting himself exclusively to the art of painting. —Tho Art Journal for 1882 will be circulated as, usual by Joseph Smart, 1% South Clark street. Prive, % ceuts per month. Parties wishing to continue this excellent art production will please send their address by postal-cord as above. —Amherst College rejoices over ttie arrival of aset of casts to be added to its art gallery. ‘The largest piece is a copy in the original size of the Hons trom AMfycenie. ‘This isa colossal bas-relief on the lintel uf the gatewny to the old Palace of Agameémnon, where Dr. Schliemann has made ‘sume of bis tnost important discoveries. The original bas uever been moved trom its piace on the old palace wall, but recentiy the Prussian “Government hos bad a mold made directly from it, and from this the cast for the college was 82- cured. It isof grent historical value. us one of the earliest specimens of Greek art. Another, rare work 1s tho cast of Hermes and Bacchvs,, recentiy discovered by Pror.Curtius in the exca~ vations at Otympia, und beyond question 2 gen- uine work of Praziteles. Acirculur bas been issued by the Italian Government, and forwarded to its Consuls in nll foreign cities, requesting bids and designs for a monument to the late King Victor Emmanuel, to bo erected In Kome, in aecordance with a law pissedin July last’ and o Kosat decree, trom King Hubert. ‘The circular sets forth, that all artists of any country are admitted to tho com- petition. The designs for the monument are HOt to exceed 9,000.00 lire, or §5,0W. cost of erection, and must be. sent: in to. Signor, De Renzie, Secretary of tho Koyal Commission; be- fore Sept, 25, 1861. A large commitice. com- posed of the first art connoissours of Burope. will decide between tho designs submitted, und there will be three prizes given to tho authors of the three best. desigas—viz.: to the first, 50,000 lire: second, 90,000; third, 20,000. To obtain a prize a design must have not less than ten favor- able points, Many American artists will send desig os.—Progress. * —The British Architect gives the followt statement of tha cost of the sculpture ta be us ‘op the new Rotel de Ville at Puris: ‘The subject for the clock........ Ss Hen knights tor ridges or finials... Four grittins or chimeras for the to ‘Two double spandrels... Six ditto of dormer win sion tor by Three chimney pieces of marble... 2880 ‘Tivo statutes in murbio for the last 960 Que hundred and six statues. 16,969 Six terminals. * 480 Four groups i tal 1530 Divers works, lions, bronzes, etc. 1,40 Other statues, decorative work. and chim- ney pleces. 7 Caryatides, spandrels, etc... 600 Twenty medallions, crownimg the door WAYS 0.056 + 1400 Descritanso eistven round swininwes - 120 eproducing, by casting, of eighteen cary- DLO, casareehagesaseressinetccnccesersen 920 Total... or $212,100. SCIENCE, SCIENTIFIC NOTES. Prof. Helmholtz has. been appointed Faraday Lecturer for 1881; the lecture will be given early in April. —Mr. E.: Walford bas ceased to be connected with the Antiquory, which he has edited since its commencement. ‘ ~The French Academy of Science is possessed of an income of 116,000 franes, to be awarded in about thirty prizes. -—Some of-the luminous protuberances on the surface of the sun, since the late period of aetiv- ity began, have been estimated by M. 7. Thollon to have attained a hight of 100,00) kilométres. —Prof. Ricbard A. Proctor, the astronomer, who is now in Australia, will return to England by way of San Francisco and New York, instead of going by the Indian Occan, as was his first intention. —There are now 10,000 miles of telegraph lines in Mexico in actual operation, and an extensfon of the system is promised. “Next. spring it is intended to lay a cuble connecting a port in the United States with Vera Cruz. —The Nationa! Board of Health has received from the Seeretary of Stute notes of acceptance for the International Sanitary Conference, to be hoid in Washington, Jan. 1, 1881, on the part of Spaiv, France, Venezuela, und Mexico. —Flames were recently discovered in the cen~ tre of s drawing-room in Brighton, England, and {t was found that u table bag beon set on fire from the eoyer’s becoming ignited by the sun’s rays, whieh bad been concentrated by a decanter water. —The President of the French Republic has established telephonic communication Letween the Elys¢e and the Chamber of Deputies, a8 well as the Senate. ‘Ihe first message of this instru~ ment was tho intelligence that ‘the Cabinet bud been placed in a minority. —Two important expeditions are soon to be sent into Central Africs, under the auspices of the Algerian Missionary Society, which already has stations at the northern ends of Lake Tan- ganyikn and the Victoria Nyanza. One will go ero Zanzibar and the other will ascend the- ago. —The Journal de Pharmacie gives the follow- Ing recipe for a mucllage which will unite wood, or mend porcelain or glass: ‘fo eight and a-bult ounces of a strong solution of gam arabic add thirty grains of a solution of sutphste of alumi- nu dissolved in two-thirds of an ounce of water. —A movement has been initiated in Berlin for holding in that city, in 1882 or 1883, au interna~ tonal exhibiuon, illustrating the history and development of ‘Trailways, and the various sys- tems of railway construction, tozether with ‘rolling stock and railway material of all de~ seriptions, 3 is Prof. Francesco Rizzoli, of the University of Bologna, bas bequeathed nearly six mitlion tranes. or the whole of -his wealth, two tho municipality of “Bologna in trust to devote it to the completion and maintenance of the Model Orthopwdic Hospital erected on his estate at San ‘Michele, Bosco. : —Prof. Graham Rell has been endenvoring to apply the‘ photophone to the study of such sounds 23 may occur at the surface of the sun, ‘This extenston: of the use of his late invention was suggested by M. Janssen. As yot. Prof. Bell has not secured very striking resuits, but fe has obtained enough to. warrant further * etforts. —M, Martin is engaged in polishmg-the object- gluss of the jarge refracting telescope now building at the Paris Observatory. The dinmeter of this exceptiozal lens is seventy-three centi- metres, and its weight 200 kilograms. The qual- ity of tho glass having proved defective, tt has aiready broken twice, and the operation Is now being mude on the third casting. ~—A foreign pharmaceuticat journal states that ithas recently been discovered that u minute fangus, Alucor circinelluides, common in harse- dung, will cause fermentation in solutions of glucose, while it does not ulfect that of can sugar. This fact has been taken advantage of to separate cane sugar from molaases, the giu- cose undergoing fermentation, und thus allow- tug the cane sugar to crystallize out —As a memorial of the work performed in the Vega, a “ Vega Fnad” bas been raised by sub- scription in Sweden to encouruge, further ge0- graphical research. ‘The sum raised 13 35,000 crowns. which will’ be intrusted to the Swedish Academy of Sclences, and the interest either employed ut once or be allowed to accumulate for aterm of years. Only natives of Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland will be entitted to receive the benefit of the fund. large additions are now ‘being made to the BMuséum «d'Histoire Naturelle in the Jardin des Pluutes at Paris. A new front is being erected, and two new sides, which, combined with the former “Galerie,” will form a hollow square. ‘This square will be covered with glass and used for the exhibition of skeletons of whales and. other specimens of inordinate dimensions. The total cost of these buildings is estimated at 5,000,600 Francs (£100,000). —Prof. Rudolph Falb gave a lecture in the Vienun Gewerbe Museum on Nov. 27, in which he snid that earthquakes are subterranean val- ‘canic outbrexks, produced by the cooling action of the hot liquid interior of the earth and the at- truetion of the sun and moon. In support of this view he urged that most earthquakes cecur at tho time when’ the sun is nearest us,—viz., In Januury, fowvest in June; also the number of earthquakes -increases_in the months of April und October, becuuse of the stronger attraction of the sun on March 2 and Sept. 23° —The Providence Journal says that the great dlust under Hell Gute will be made in 18ss, Four neres of rock are honeycombed. Extending across the river are twonty-two headings, and at right angles to these thirteen cross 3. scyen feet high, ten feet wide, und twenty feet apart. During the past year 54,000 cubic yards of rock were removed, 43,000 binsts_ were made, and 68,00 drills were sharpened. The work ad- ances 600 feet per month, and 200 blasts are muide nightly. —Nature says that an electric cable manufact- uring firm in Neuchatel bave made x bighly-im- portant discovery in practical telerrapby. After a long and expensive series of experiments, thoy have succeeded in devising a method of laying cables whereby tbe induction of the electric current from one wire to another, although the wires are in juxtaposition. is prevented. This discovery, of which no details are yet given, re- moves, it is usserted, the last obatacie in the way of the witloat possible extension ot facilities for telephonic communication. E —Showers ‘of sand bave occurrell frequently in Sicily-and {taly, and their origin hag often been mide the subject of speculation. An ex- amination of the sand reveuled the presence of round grains of meteoric iron. Similar grains of fron ure nigo found in the sand of thé Desert of Sahara. M. Tacchiol, putting this and that togethor, muintains: that {t is highly probable that Sieiiy and Ittly do not receive théir “wand rains” from any more distant place than our own enrth; that the particular region from which the sand comes is the Great Desert, and “that the agencies wh{ch transport it are simply aeereye ais has_been made at ~An Interestii jovery has been made a’ Rage dane’ quarey, Oldbam, Bogiand. ‘The quatrymen, in the course of their excavations, have couse upon what hes desuribed as i fossil forest. The trees number: about tweive, and some of them are two feet in diameter, Whey are in good preservation. The roots cau be seen interlacing the rock, and the fronds of the ferns are to be found imprinted on every iece of stone. . The discovery hus excited much interest in pecloricn circles round Manchester, and the “forest” has been visited by a large number ot persons. The trees belong ta the middlo|coai measure period, ultnouzh ft hus Deen regarded as somewhat remarkable that no coal ‘been discovered near them, A nt number of the Golos contains au in- teresting letterfrom Titlis deScriving the enor- jous labor. bestowed during the sumsher upun the destruction of the grassboppers, The work was carried on for about three months, and oc- cupicd in one district (Gori) no ‘leas than 20,000 people per day. 3tore than half these people had been summoned from the neighvoring dis- tricts of Achalzych, Ossetia, and. Iineretia. ‘Thanks to the colossal efforts thus. made only 2 per cent of the total crops of the district were destroyed by the grasshoppers. Many million roubles worth of hay and corn were sayed by this work. On the other band the organization of the whole cost the Russian Government sume 200.000 rabies, and many thousand acres of flelds and gardens have been utterly neglected by the population to whom they belong. -| SONGS OF THE SEASON. GOOD-BY, OLD YEAR! For The Chicago Trivune, ‘The New Year comes with silent tread—the dear Old Year is dying; ‘ « We backward look long the patn where shadows thick are lying. The New Year smiles—the Old Year dies; we watch, with hands uplifted, The sands that mark the midnight hour: how quick the scenes are shifted! The Old Year drifting slowly out across the silent river— The New Year coming with a shout and pulses all a-quiver. ‘With many a sich, with many. tear, Old Year to us you've spoken, Ste And muny a tic our hearts held dear, Old Year, your bands have broken; But through your chastenings we have learned that Mercy still o'erleaas us, And reaches cut ber band across the flood that rolls between us. So, dear Old Year, good-by, good-by! We've traveled long together; You've brought us many a cloudless day, 23 well as stormy weather, ‘ Good-by, Old Year! We take your band—your reign is almost over. The New Year comes—we hail him. King, and greet him like a lover; ‘ We know not what he brings for us—he giveth us no token; 2 He only srects us with a smile—his chidings are unspoken. - His voice fills all the waiting world with happy, joyous laughter; * But, Oid Year, you have taught us this: the re- * frain cometh after. Mary SrRarros Hewers. Grant Park, Ul. THE NEW YEAR. (Fur The Chicago Tribune. Hark to the'bells! There's. grief and joy bome - on the midnight air. The hearts bowed down by weight of years a solemn stiliness wear; te But those just coming on the fleld, what glories meet the view! How glad they bid the Old farewell and hall with smiles the New! ‘The aged, lost amid the scenes that Memory’s wand recalls, ‘Their stepsin silent sadness bend through Time's deserted bails. Fe ‘Their lives are stretched along the plain where moss and ivy grow, 2 And trembling lips in secret dwell on songs of fong-ago. They kneel again at childhood’s shrines—the prayers of old are suld; They feel Love's touch upon the brow—they Bae eae Borie thie dees 1 ol utah! no more shull Hope revive, or Glo: fire the breast— si They know but few the morns that rise ere they are jaid at rest. . Yet think not they are wholly left to Memory's cheerless vale. When sounds of Earth grow dull and far, her lights burn dim and pale, "Tis then they neur the Muster’s voice, they feel iis guiding nand, Ana, through the fading views of Time, behold the Promised Lan But O what throng of happy dreatis the youth- ful vision fills! The Fature’s path is robed in flowers—light shines on all her hills: But.passing brief the gaze that turns to Time's receding shore— é The giitrering prieg forever lies in golden years ‘ore. Hope titons Her every banner out to kissing airs nm on high, ‘And Fume’s emblazoned temple towers far up the nearing sky; i Ambition polate to proud renown on coming ields to gain, ‘ And Wealth invites aspiring feet to palaced, broad domain. ba Andso tne Book of Life fills up with pages dark. and fatr— ‘Bterntty: alone can trace the changes written ere. “But, if enongh shall mortal learn to reach the useful plane, And liye the Brotherhood of Man, the years are not ia vain. Though ench succeeding year unfolds new sleams of brighter time, And Sian keeps rising in the Nght that reaches the Divine, ‘The world is yet with sorrow filled—no song in many a home— And msrind erring sons of men in friendless misery roam. And now, what are our duties here on thif auspicious morn? Bavowe no hand to afd the poor, the outcast and ‘orlorn? . Know that on Enrth’s wide labor-feld ‘tis God's unvaried pian, They only win life's highest prize who do the most for man, D. McNacauTox. Granp Rapips, Mich. HAPPY NEW YEAR. For The Chicago Tribune. Happy New Year—ho ho! How swelling hearts ztow At Hope’s bright messenger’s full-ringing cries ? | And Joy, at the sound, With a quick, fithesome bound, Seats herself one throne in Hope's glowing eyes! Age forgets to be o1d— a Youth's pleasures are told— Lived over again all that bright. hapny time; Forgot are the cares That have silvered the hairs, ees And chee blood courses free asit did 1m their prime. And great-hearted Youth, Strong with hope, love, and truth, How it welcomes the fresh-blusbing, new- cradled Year And, warmed by its beauty, - Vows Virtue and Duty Shall have ae protection, while Sin. feels, its spear! Happy New Year—bo hol Sing it hearts, 23 ye £0 From smiles that are bright to smiles that are dear: For the Old Year Is dead, And here in his stead Isa pure, sinless cherub, the perfect New Years Cxicago, Dec. 30, 1889. 0. T. W. —_ TO THE NEW YEAR, For The Chicago Tribune. Welcome, most welcome, new-bora Year, Welcome, O child to us most dear! Born of the womb of the aying Year, ‘We welcome thee with words of cheert O’er thy birth the world grows giad, And merry grows each visage sad, ‘While kindly wishes everywhere Ave rising on the wintry afr. Heaven's gift thou art, O winged child, Pure, and spotless, enisnaetied ‘An Angel sent from God above, With messages of grace and love And yet tliy face is tarned away, Beckoning-on to coming day. Whither wilt thou our footsteps guide? O'er pathways smooth, or pathways wild? We only know thou'rt sent of God To lead through regions yet untrod; ‘The way {s atraight, and we but seo Iz leadeth wo Eternity. ReEvet, Russia, December, 1 HALTING ON THE HILL-TOP—1880. + Here let us pause—this side the hill’s steep - crest, . . ‘Where we may view the way thro’ which wo'v@ presi In wenther foul and fair, for many days— A moment only, but, with searching gaze, Transfer the scene, with ull ita light and shade, * With drawing true, in tinta that will uot fade. . From bill to hill, how short the distance seems Yet long enough the weary pilgrim deems, Who, weak and burdened, dreads the steep ent, Tolls up, or treads the vale with discontent. No clouds obscure—a bright yet metlow light Makes all things clour, revealing to our eight Much dimly seen before, or but in part * Enigmas then, now lessons for the heart. Fondly we hoped some grander hight te scale, ‘Or rest in spine enchanted, buppy vale; To win xpplause by some achlevement Yold; ‘To sing some,song or say some words of gold; But little cares our daily thoughts e1 ‘To all unknown, the little wars we waged: : Fought with immortal foes, whose weapons keen | eae saany # wom, Seen Oy. sa unseen. Yet many times, when sinking In despalry oe > Have Angels eheered us, saved as fhoin each ‘spare, ‘ Ana we, in their companionship, forrot ‘The toils and dangers df our earthly lot. ‘Then, tho’ unwritten on the puge of Fame, ‘Though not a stone perpetuate our name, Though we have sung no song to soothe Earth’ Wo, Nor spoken words to sct men’s hearts aglow— - @ Sa fertile spot. % In hope that on som favorod, fertile spot op. We aay hove sown some seeds that rot— That work remains which only we can d Well worth ovr efforts, earnest, We tnrn and bid familiar seenes, Good-by_ : But backward still we cast tearful eye, © To view the way burfeetsball ne'er retrace, Which Time may dim. but never can elface.” Upt Forward! sires ot pregret tal | Here! . HID) oads our march Into WNW. - H. HOGAR. - ————— Winchester’s Hypophosphites will cure consumption, coughs, weak. lu bronchitis, and general devility. ‘estapiiguel twenty-one years. Suffer on, groan on, sicken on, die on, if yoo ‘will uot use Hop Ditters, and be cured. | Al 6 ‘ faithful, trae