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i | THE CIHCAGO TRIBUNE: . SUNDAY, AUGUST .1,. 1880—SIXTEEN PAGES. . he Tribune. TEEBMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BY MAIT—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE ba tea Leo 14:50 1.25 fuesday, Mhuraday, and 6.00 onauy, Wednesday, and Friday, per year., 6.00 iuturday ur Sunday, i6-page edition, peryesr 2.50 Any other dug. per year... - 3.00 WEEKLY EDITION—POSTPAID. Qne cops, per yenr. dub of four. Etuvor ten, Specimen Vive Post-Oftice address in fall, incinding State and SJounty. Kemittances may be made elther by draft, express, * ul-Orfice order, or in reristered letter, at ourrisk TO CITY SURSCRIBERS. Daftv, delivered, Sunday excepted. 25 cents per week. ‘Daily, delivered, Sunday incaded, 20 cents per week. Address ‘UX TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearbora-sts... Chicago,IL - es POSTAGE, entered at the Poxt-Ofice at. Chicago, I, as Second- Class Matter. Fe att a . ¥orthe benefit o* ocr patrons who desire to sec single copies of THE TRIBUNE through the mall, we piveherewith the transient rate of postaze: TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. irre Crea! UNE has established branch ofttves for the co eipe OF ‘subscripiions and advertise- ents as follows: NEW YORK—Koom 2) Trdmune Building. F.1.Mo- «aDDEN, Manager. GLASGOW, Scotland—Allan's American News Renfieid-s., LON: Eug—American Exchange, 69 Strand. APOLIO COMMANDERY, No. 1, KNIGHTS TEM: PLAH—Special Conclave ‘Tuesday evening, Avi Ish a ‘The Order of the ‘Temple will be co: ferred. Stated Conctave sane evening, at 3 o'clock, at which time all petitions fur orders or membership Tecelved will be referred und ballotéd on, 2 special dispensation having been obtained. Specidi Conclave Wednesdsy attornoon and evening, Aus. 4. 153), com- mencing atde'cluck. The Ord uf ue ited Cross snd Temple will be conferred. ‘This is the vers last opportunity to receive the Urders priur to the ‘iri- ennial Coriclave, und all cundidates mus: present themselves at this time. Sir Knights of Apotlo who Bure not received their invitatious are requested tu send their present xddress to the Keconler, Com- pany No. i will meet Aluaday eveulng, Aug. 2 180, in the Armory turdritl, Sir Knights desiring: to mue* proticient in the drift are requesied to present then Selves Monday and Friday evgaings, at 7:9) o'ciouk ut the Angory, Members of @utio who can and will assist in the ~ Ksoort Squud” on Monday, Aus, 1c, poll are recuested to send thelz faines {6 the Ite” corder withoutdelay. By onler of the Eminent Com- mander. fe S HFEANY, Hecorder. ST. BERNARD COMMANDERY, No. 33, K. T.— Special cygeiave at dy. m, sharp on Wednesday, the 4th inst, for work on the Order of the Tempie. Every OEE wud as bi: aa geaae pussibie are ex- ected tu be prom} on ban Pethe Couciave Will open atS o'clock for the ‘transaction of fmportnnt business snd the considera- ‘Won of mations relatizig 10 the ‘Triennial. By eee JOHN D. M. CARH, Commander. ; 3.0. DICKERSON, ftecorde ‘1408, J. TURNER 1,0) NO. 40, ALP & As St, ‘Will hold their annunl Pienieat ittver Grove, 'Tucsdus, August 3. Grand Master Theodure T. Gury, }, Riuster DeWitt C.Cregier, and loa Curter i. Har- Hoon, ‘with other distinxttshed brethren, wil ‘Ainzie and Cunnl-sts. at 9: shurp. Music .eod Dancing, Games of interest will be on the gruunds. Tickets, $1 each; nay be had frum members of the deduce. JUHS E. PETTLGONE, W. M. W.M. STANTON, Secretory. CHICAGO COMMANDERY, NO. 19, K. T.—Stated Cunclave Sondas, Aug. > at 2a), m, "A full atvend- anee requested. “Word: Order of B.C. “All who have got had extra inviutions can obtain them on that evening. ‘The Treasurer of ‘triennial Fund Commit- tee will be present tu issue recelpts w those who bave Hol yet pull weir subscriptions By omer of the ku. Com. H, 'T. JACOBS, Recorder. _-LUMBERMAN'S LODGE, No. 717, A. F.& A, M— Regular communication Wednesday evenine, Anz. 4. All members are — -itied to attend, as business of in- terest will come.” “he iwdge.. Visitors always Welcome. By c oe We Bt #. St, ASIELEY, Secretary. GOLDEN RULE LODGE, No. 7, A. F.S A. M— Stated Communication. Tuesday evening, Aug. 3, at $ e'cluck Sharp. lmportunt work. Visitors alwuys wel- . By order vf, Somes OY Oris Ol qHOMAS G. HEMALAN, W. BM. DD. GOUDMAN, Secretary. NGE INSTITOTION, U.S. A.—Union Detenders, Xo. M4, Loyal Orenge Lodge, meets to~ Morrow evening at 15 Clark-st at 5 o'clock. All suembers of the Order are cordially invited. B. PL REYNOLDS, W. AL W. 8. STARYORD, Secretary. ; D. A. CASHMAN LODGE, NO. 65, A. F. & A.M — egnlar Communication Tuesday evening, Aug. 3, in tueir hall, curmer of West in and Hobey-3ts. Business and Work, A full attendance of members desired. Visitors welcome. G. A. DOUGLASS, Secretary. BLAIR LODGE, No. 36, A. F.& A. M—Hegular Communication this evening at 7 Monroo-st, Amer tean Exchange Bailding. elmportant business. Mem- emt iovited. Teqnested to be present. Visitors cor- 7 SPOS Ti, BUZZBLL, Secretary. ASHLAB LODGE, No. XS, A. F.& A. M. Regular Meeting ‘tuesday evening. Aug. 3, at 8 o'clock sharp, feral invieds Hai Salonroea oI 73 Mom C. H. CRANE, Secretary, LECTURE fill be delivered in Landmark ‘Grove-ar. and Thirty-seventh- fternoon at 4 o'clock. by Dr. Rob Morris, of Subject: “Travels in Egypt und the @ public are cordially invited to “ LOYAL OR. A FREE Ball, corner Cottage HAPTER, No. 36, O. E.S., will hold thetr ‘on Wednesday Evening, Aug. 4 at3 ison and 1ober-2ts, ‘Mrs. ML F. GASKILL, Secretary. BUTLER Cl Remular Meet r’clock, corner. SUNDAY, AUGUST 1, 1882 Aw ENGLIsH missionary and his two sery- buts have been murdered at. Imail. Gov. Rozents, of Texus, will be renom- Mnated by the Democrucy of that State. Princess Louise and Prince Leopold tailed from Quebec y<Sterday for England. ‘Tse census returns for Kansas are now nearly completed, and show that State to have a population of 1,009,000. AL J. Waenen, the Postmaster at Wind- sor. Ont, bas left for parts unknown, taking with him $5,000 of the public money. =~ OFFIctAL reports and careful estimates in- dicate that the population of Wisconsia is about 1,305,000, which is a gain of 251,000 since 1870. ‘Tor Montenegrins were worsted in an en- couuter.with the Albanians Wednesday. Four battalions of the former were engaged in the attain, 7 ‘ Tn Manager and one of the Directors of the City of Glusgow Bank were released from prison yesterday. Though they spent eighteen months in jail, they seemed quite healthy. Tae population of New Hampshire, as of- fcially announced, is 347,211, a galnof 29,001 since 1870. This population will entitle the State Wonly two Congressmen. It has three now. By the falling of a tree near Stoneville, N. C., yesterday, two men were fatally injured and third person so seriously wounded that itis feared he will dic. A fourth was slightly hurt. Tue boiler of a threshing-machine ex- Ploded on a farm near Ogden Station, Mich., last -Friday evening, and one man was fatally scalded.- Three others were somewhat injured. ee "In one of the New York courts yesterday application was made for an injunction to re- Strain the Coroner from holding an inquest on a woman who fs not yet dead. ‘The Court, smiling, said be had no jurisdiction in the matter. Gen. SKOBELEFF reports brisk fighting with the Turcomans around Bami between the Iith and 224 of Iast month. The Turcomans. Who lost heavily, are in strong force at that point, but be says the Russians can hold their own against them. E. T. Lass, Cashier of the Bank of Colorado, at Leadville, has absconded with the catire available funds of that concern. The remaining officers werp unable to meet a check for $240 yesterday. ‘The loss to depositors is not wr. THE Democrats‘of the Dayton (Ohio) Dis- trict nominated John A. McMahon for Congress yesterday, Yut that genticman, on being noti- fied, came before the Convention and positively declined the nominetion; uutwithstanding be was aguin placed In uowination, after which the Convention adjourned. Mr. SicMahon is one uf the ablest men in his party: His distnelination to make the race probabiy arises from the: dread of defeat. His majority in 1878 was quite small, and all the indications point to the success of the Bepublicun candidate this year. GEN. GARFIE! signified his intention to be present at the Conference of Republican leaders to be held fn New York Aug.é. He will pe met at Buffalo by Judge Taft, Senator Lo- ran, ex-Gov. Jewell, Gov. Carnell; and other leading men. a Drs. Morxes has a population of 22,696, which is §) more than Davenport hus and 420 more than Dubuque. Des ioines is in conse- quence quite elated. Dubuque has a little satis- faction’ in being 860 ahead of Davenport, The gain in Dea Moines since 1870 fs 10,.66.. : * Cor.. Joun Hay addressed a Jarge and en- thusiastic Republican gathering at Cleveland Jast evening, comparing the record of the Re- publican party, with its history glorious in great results, to the record of the Democratic party, with its misdeeds, blunders, and trensons. AFme broke outin a two-story building at Duluth, Minn., yesterday. As the fire orig- inated under the stairway, the people in the up- Per story, seventeen in ali, had toescapothrough the windows by jumping. One man, a French- man, waited too long to get his trunk, and per ished in the flames. CarpryaL Nina, Papal Secretary, has published a letter charging M. Frére Orban, the Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs, with having broken off relations with the Vatican for political and party effect. The Curdinal also accuses M. Orban with misrepresenting the proposals and actions of thé Church authorities. oe Wasurxeton. Democrats are divided in their opinion as to the Hancock letter. One set regrets that the document is not a ringing one, while another set is quite happy that he did not touch on the financial, turiff, or other economic Issues, about which they dreaded he would blunder, as they admit that he fs utterly igno- fant-on these questions. ‘THE employés of the Péoria & Jackson- ville Railroad Company and those of the Chica- go & Burlington Company had a fight at Peoria yesterday ubout the right of the Burlington & Quiucy poople to take up a side-track. Several persons were injured, none very seriously, how- ever. About 100 arrests were niade, but all the arrested partics wero immediately liberated on ght bail, Tuk aristocratic snobs of New York out- did themselves in imitativeness yesterday. Having ‘beard or read about Spanish bull- tights, and the attendance thereat of grandecs and seforitas, the. young bloods of tho Empire City were determined that they should baye one of their own, at which they might play the parts of hidalgos and be smited on by seforitus. Accordingly a bull fight took place yesterday in thecity. The animuls were Texas steers, and the only. thing Spauish about the affair was the bull-fighters,who were imported for the purpose. The fight was very tame, owing to the presence of Mr. Bergh, who insisted that no weapons shuuld be used by the Spaniards. a Mrs. Gonwas, one of the women whom the notorious Parson Handford, of Toronto, wus charged with leadigg from virtue’s ways, has published a statement in which. she charges Handford witn perjury, seduction, and other grave oifenses. He’ first se- duced her, she suys, in his own study, and had treated her as a mistress thereafter until the timeof his investi¢nton bythe Clurch authori- tles, when, at Handford’s own request, Mrs. Gorham went toreside in New York State so asto avoid being .a witness. On her return Handford refused to talk to her, and,when she persisted tn sevking an interview with him, he expressed 3 wish that she were dead, and asked her why she did not drown herself. ‘Hyndford’s conduct since the investigation leaves no reason to doubt the truth of-bis victim's statement. Tren is no doubt now that the man and Woman who were arrested a few duys ago ‘at Fremont, Neb., are members of the Bender family. on whose farm in Kansas the remains of Senator York and ten other bodies were dis- covered in 1873. The womaa of the- party says that she will confess all about the murders, and insists that, although she is not a Bender, the old man is, and that she knows everything concern- ing the murders. A resident of Fremont, who lived near the Benders, recognizes the old man. It appears from the woman's statement that the Benders fled from their place in 1373 when it became apparent that the relatives and friends of Senator York began to sus- pect them of having been instrumental in his taking-off. They have since lived among the Indians, and heve encountered such great hardships that they determined on returning East, one of the objects being to obtain some money hid away on the Bender farm. With the two persons arrested came two other members of the family, who traveled with a team py an- other route. They were to meet in Towa, Officers are on the lookout for them, and there is a good chance that the murderous pair will be arrested. —_— Tue much-talked-of letter of Gen. Han- cock to Gen. Shefman, which seems to have been written in reply to two letters written to him by Gen. Sherman, is a much longer document than it was thought to be, and enters into. a pretty full discussion 23 to the powers of Congress in reference to the Electoral count. He held that, in case no decision could be arrived at any other way, the House of Representa- tives had the power to elect the President and the Senate to elect the Vice-President, and, a5 a consequence, that Tilden would be declared President and Wheeler Vice-President. He maintained that the term of President Grant ended at midnight of the 3d of March, 1877, and’ though not speaking for himself, but referring to the predicament in which Gen. Sherman would be placed if trouble arose, he intimated that Gen. Sherman could not legally obey President Grant’ after midnight, March 3, and that the failure of either candidate to qualify. would make, the President pro tem. of the Senate President of tho United States, for the time being at least. Gen, Hancock also takes occaston to censure Gen. Ruger’s action in breaking up thé South Carolina Legislature during the previous month, and says that if Gen. Ruger had asked for his (Hancock's) advice, he would have counseled him not to interfere. Jvper Hm.tow and Mrs. Stewart. asexecu- tors of the late A. T. Stewart, have almost per- fected arrangements for the erection, equip- ment, and endowment of a college, in accord- ance with the bequest of the deceased million- aire. About $4,000,000 will be devoted ‘to these purposes. ‘The college is to be located on a sixty-acre field in Garden City, near New York, and will be in charge of the Episcopalian Dio- ese of Long Island. There is already nearly completed one edifice of the three which are to constitute the college bufldings/ It is four stories high, 275 fect front and 1% feet deep, and is intended for the accommodation of -500 stn- dents. All the appolutments‘are to be in the very best style.” A nominal charge of $100 per year will be roquired of students. The college, thoOgh under the charge of the Episcopalians, will be strictly nonsectarian, When the three buildings are. completed 1,500 puptis can be ac- commodated. -The collegiate course will be equal to the best in any American in- stitution, and the Professorial statf will be selected from ‘the very best talent in the country. A girls’ college will also be erected on a twenty-tive-acre Ict near by. It was the intention of Mr. Stewart that Garden City should be the Oxford of America, and his executors, Mra, Stewart aud Judge Hilton, are. anxious to carry out his wishes In letter and in spirit. It is expected that in five years from the completion of the college bufldings Garden City will contain 3,000 students. : nists of the Fourteenth Ward held a mass-meeting a few evenings ago to .] ‘denounce the action of the Council for sent- | ate Ald. MeGrath instead of Stauber. None of the speakers who harangued the crowd showed that the Council had committed any wrong or irregularity. McGrath had simply been admitted on the footings of the returns of the judges of the election precincts. He was elected, according to those returns, and “not Stauber. He presented the prima-facie right to a seat, which Stauber did rot; The matter is now in shape, howevet, where Stauber can contest, and fhe- facts can be EXm tion with the City Clerk, in which he sets forth his case. The Couneil will refer the papers to the Committee on Elections, and, in the presence of both contestants and their lawyers, the returns will be examined and the ballots scanned and counted. All the scratched tickets will be duly inspected, and each contestant will be accorded his rights. If any disputes argo as to scratched tickets, the persons casting them will be summoned to | appear and explain for whom they voted. The case is now in shape where the Counclican act in its judicial capacity, and we have no doubt that ic will decide fairly. If it ean be made to appear that Stauber received a mujority of all the legal-votes cast the Council willaward him the seat beyond doubt. McGrath him- self says that he doesn’t want the seat if he was not fairly elected, and that. the moment the forthcoming investigation shows that he did not receive a majority of the legal votes he will step down end out, and not wait to be voted out by the Council. It is alleged on Stauber’s side. that “tho ballot-box of the Seventh Precinct was taken “to the house of the Democratic judge of election, and there, between the hours of 13 and 1 in the niorning, the Democratic and Republican judges broke open the ballot-box and broke the seals on the envelopes and changed the returns,” giving McGrath a large number of votes that were cast for Stauber. On the other hand, the judges say in their own vindication that in the first count they overlooked. the scratched tickets that were cast for McGrath and counted them all for Stauber; and McGrath himself says that a considerable number of his tickets in some of the precincts accidentally found their way. into the town box and the judges refused to credit them to him, although they should have done so. He will, therefore, insist that the ballots of those particular precincts shall also be counted. : ‘The whole case will be gone through witir and' thoroughly investigated In order that the actual facts may be ascertained, justice done, and the right man accorded his seat. The wisest course for the Communists to pursue is to keep on their nether garments and fol- Jow the law. Indignation meetings, and frothy declamation, and libelous resolutions will avail them nothing. If their man did not receive a majority of the legal votes cast, he jvon'’t be seated; but if it shall appear that he did, he will, and no demagog gabble toa liquor-soaked” mob will change thé re sult .one iota. Marching to the Council Chamber under the leadership of the blatant allen Grottkau ‘to protest against seating Ald. MeGrath,” or to’ overawe that body, will not help the cause of Stauber, and If the ringleader were not a jackass a3 well as a knave he would know it. THE BAYONET AND THE SHOTGUN. “ The buyonet isnot a fit instrument for col- lecting the votes for freemen. It is only bya full vose, free ballot, and fair count that the people can rule in fact as required -by the tho- ory of our Government. Take this foundation away, and the whole structure falls.”—Gen. Hancock. i Tlad the opening sentence of this para- graph read, “ The shotgun is not 2 fit instru- ment for collecting the votes of freemen,” the utterance would have been infinitly ore timely and had a thousand times more ap- plicebility, and the remainder of the senti- ment would have received the approval of all the law-abiding citizens of the country. The use of the word “bayonet” is misleading. That is an implement eim- ployed usually by soldiers. The cown- try has not heard in’ many years of even a charge that soldiers have in any way interfered with elections anywhere, or that they have been present et or near by any polling places. It is known, however, that in many Southern States the shotgun is an instrument of terror at all elections, and that it has beén used so effectively that large inasses of Republican voters no longer dare go to the polls. “A full vote, free ballot, and fair count”vill never be the conditions of election in those States uutil the shotgun shall have been eliminated as an agent for “collecting the votes.” If Gen. Hancock had said shotgun” instead of ‘ bayonet”* the country would have known just what he meant, and would have received the state- mentas a new promise of Democratic reform. Tf the people could be assured of ‘a full vote, free ballot, and fair count” in ail sec- tions of the country, there would be not the slightest apprehension of Democratic suc- tained, ‘The latter bas filed his peti- | cess in the approaching general election. The “Solid South?” would be solid no longer un- dersuch conditions, There are five South- em States that would then be carried by the Republicans beyond all question—viz.: South Carolina, Mississipp Alabama, Louisiana, and Florida, where the Republicans have al- ways been in the majority since the War un- til force and fraud terrified and cheated them of their rights, There are other Southern States—notably Virginia, North Carolina, and Georgia~which the Republicans might then contest with a fair chance of victory. Thecertainty of Gen. Hancovk’s defeat would thus be assured, and hence it may be fairly concluded that he does not long for “a full vote, free ballot, and fair count” with all the sincerity which the fullness ‘and roundness of the phrase would imply. ‘We fear Gen. Hancock has used the word “bayonet” in the same sense,and to the same end that it was so frequently employed by the Democrats in the extra session of ‘Con- gress pending the debate over the National Election laws.. It was then the desperate purpose of the Democrats to repeul these Jaws, They denied the constitutionality thereof (since affirmed by the Supreme Court) on the- theory of State supremacy. They endeav- ored to coerce the Executive into a surrender of his constitutional right of veto by threat- ening to the Jast to cut off the supplies for running the. Government. Finally they. forced an adjournment of Congress without passing the necessary “appropriations for carrying these laws into execution, and thus provided for the nullification of laws which they were powerless to repeal ina constitutional ma nuer. The phrasing of Gen. Hancock’s Jetter would indicate that he ap- proves the course the Democrats have taken; or, in other words, he would do away with the most. remote possibility that the “bayonet” should be employed to enforce the laws of the country, in order that the “shotgun ” may be continued in use to defy these laws. The managers of Gen. Han- cock’s campaign will not find this to be a popular issne in any Northern State. If the word “bayonet” be construed to represent the power of the United States Government, the word “revolver” may be used to represent the power of municipal government, and the word “shotgun” to represent the power of the State Govern- ment. The first, then, denotes the police power of the General Government, the second the police power of. the city, and. the third. the police, power of the State Government. ‘In all cases the ele- ment of force is symbolizedas a means for executing Inw. Is it, then, proper for the po- liceman to use his club and revolver to pro- tect the ballot-box in focal elections, and ,commendable for the Deputy-Sheriff to, use his shotgun forthe same purpose iu State elections, but a heinous crime for the Na- tional Government to.use the “ bayonet” for the protection of National .elections? Such would be the inference from Gen. Hancock’s statement of the ‘case; but the citizen who really believes in ‘ta full vote, free ballot, and fair count” in a National as well as a local election” must, of necessity, be _ TELEGRAPH-WIRE NUISANCE. One of the most troublesome nuisances | cores to their wheels, and:the thing is done. with which Chicago is afflicted and threat- ened is the ever-multiplying array of tele- graph wires stretched on poles along the streets or-crossing from house-tops to house- | omy fs: concerned, the saving is very large, tops.. On the cross-bars of one of these poles | being estimated at $500,000 pér annum in the we counted a few days ago no less than sev- | ease of the Elevated Railroad Company. enty wires. These wires belong to the West- ern Union, the commercial lines, the fire- alarnt, and the telephones (of which there are two companies now in operation). There are now 2,700 telephones in use, each requiring aseparate wire; this business, however, is now but in its infancy, and in a few years the number will be ten times as great. The nuisance is of varied character. In | the first place, the poles are unsightly and an obstruction. Inthe next place, the wires stretched on these poles present a serious ob- struction to the operations of the Fire Depart- ment. No ladders and no fire escapes can be used to advantage where there is a line of telegraph wire on poles planted along the sidewalk. In case of a flrein a block thus fenced in by these wires the Department is greatly incommoded, and° its : operations delayed and defeated by this unsightly ol The evil has already reached great magni- tude, and. is Increasing rapidly. The tele- graph companies are becoming satistied that the nuisance must soon pass the point of for- bearance, and that.a change must be made at an early day in this city and in other Jarge The experience of European cities for some reason seems to .be rejected by the telegraph companies, but why is not exactly elear. In London, Paris, and Berlin there are no posts or wires to be seen in the streets; The wires are all Jaid under ground, in .tubes,- tunnels, or boxes, in trenches ‘under the streets or. under the sidc- Neve that the National Government has | machine on wheels, took up uttle space, and the the same right to employ force compel the observance of its laws that the State or Municipal Government exercises. Otherwise the National Government, which ought to be supreme, is at the mercy of the local governments, and wherever the men who control the letter refuse to enforce the United States laws the National Government must submit and confess’ itself helpless. The application of such a theory includes the National Election laws as well as other United States statutes. The Inwless “shot- gun” may then be substituted at any time for the lawful “bayonet,” and a great Gov- ernment like ours will be powerless to pro- tect its people against the outrage. Where is the hope, under Gen. Hancock’s plan (which is the Democratic plan of the extra session), for “a full vote, free ballot, and fair count” in National elections? to | fedaotige wis Abell Kept ringing by tugging locomotive was a bell kept ring! y_ tugging nt the string. Van Cleef, who acts as driver of the locomotive, got up on_the left side, the brakeman on the right, and Edison took hold of astrhig fastencd to a little gong. He rang it once and off we went, gathoring speed as we rolled on untilina very few seconds we were doing about twenty milesan hour. Ab, it wag cool now! No gases, no fying cinders or coal dust, but draughts of fresh, pure alr. During the ride the reporter inquired as to the applicability of the new motor to the ele- vated railroads, and Edison replled that they presented the best conditions for use because the roadbed was perfectly Jevel and insula- tion perfect. To operate the four roads through the entire Jength of Manhattan Island would require. six electric stations, each station furnishing its quota of power to thefour tracks, Said Mr. Edison: “Itwould not needa thicker copper wire than three- quarter inch. to convey sufficient power to the tracks. Place the electric locomotives on the tracks; give all the cars, instead of @ por- tion of them, as at’ present, papier-mache The wire connections over frogs and switches would not take a couple of men more than a couple of days to perfect.” So far as econ- The steam locomotives, he claims, burn atitbracite (?) coal at $4.20 per ton, while the stationary engines would use dust coal at from $1.50,to $1.75 per ton, The electric engines will cost’$8,000 each, while the cost of the steam locomotives is $7,500, Mr. Edi- son finally summed up the advantages in favor of his engine as follows: : Another thing, and very important, too, isthat the weight of the e'ectric locomotive being less thun half that of tho steam locomotive, and the power being applied continuously, not by recip- rocation, it sways the structure less, causes less wenrand tear on the same, and lessens tho noise. No water, smoke, cinders, oil, and so on can an- noy_ passengers on the truin or streets. There is no danger of fire. The use of electric brakes as powerful as the alr-brake insures the same de- gree of safety, Open curs cun be used'in sum- er, The current strength from the stations cun be regulated go that no train can ever go beyond a certain rate of speed. - ‘The above are the main points as furnished by the Herald’s reporter. As Mr. Edison in a few ‘weeks will subject his engine to a practical test over a portion of the Pennsyl- yania Railroad, it would be premature to as- sume that ¢lectricity is going to usurp the place of steam as an element of transporta- tion. The most that can be'said now Js that the mole) in Menlo Park works well; ‘and if Mr. Edison Is more successfil upon an en- jarged seale, if he can produce the requisit power more economically than steam can be produced, his new invention will work a revolution. THE FAMILY AND FARM PLAN OF JU- VENILE REFORMATION. walks, Whatever be the mode, no wires are allowed to be stretched along the streets and no poles are permitted to. disfigure or ob- struct the public thoroughfares. The wires are put out of sight, One objection urged against this plan fs, that-in.Chicago the'use or necessity for wires is infinitly greater than in European cities. The use of the “ticker” is almost universal in Chicago, while it is comparatively un- known in European cities; here these wires go to every part of the city, and are used by: nearly every business house, while in Euro-. The problem how to reform vicious boys— and girls, too, might be included—was very intelligently discussed at the National Con- ference of Charities, recently in session in Cleveland, in a paper read by Dr.. Howe, now at the head of the Farm School in Con- necticut and at one time Superintendent of the Farm Schoo! of Ohio. Dr. Howe’s recommendations were two in number—tirst, the adoption of the family or cottage plan instead of suyerintending the inmates of the reformatory institution en masse, and, second, the cultivation of the soil instead of other pean towns, if they are used at all, it is by.a few persons, and these are confined to some special locality. The same may be said of These, while coniparatively in their infancy, are already largely. in use in this city, and are certain to become so gene! that no wholesaléor retail establishmen' store.to the butcher's. shop, druggist or .confectionery establish- ment, will be without-one. Every doctor and dentist, every lawyer and notary, as well usliv- ery stableand restaurant, will havea telephone through which to ‘communicate with cus- tomers and dealers in every part of the city: They will become a ‘necessary appendage to every business establishment and to every family. residence located at any distance from the business quarter. Such a general use of the telephones, it is represented, is not likely ever to takezplace in any European city, and hence the necessity for wires has the telephones, 7 frum the dry-goo |, manual labor, Inadyoeating these two methods, as prefer- able to any others, Dr. Howe presented some yery strong arguments. In a reformatory school where the boys are treated as a con- gregation, the jndividual is lost in the mass it to the Superintendent, and lost to himself in his own individuality. 1f a Superintendent has 500 boys massed together and acting as a whole, it is impossible fur him or for his asz sistants to get acquainted with their pe- culiaritles, so that they can apply the neces- sary reform ‘rémedies. to each case. ‘The vicious boy is‘one of a multitude justas he was when a vagabond in the city streets. In his yicious career before entering the institution he never knew the wholesome restraint of family disciplineyand he does not know any more of it in his new surroundings. His lib- erty of motion and action. is cireumscribed, but he has not lost the opportunities of concealing his viciousness, Worse than never and probably ‘will never exist in the older countries as it does in this. All this‘is unquestionably true, but this doesnot change the fact that, if the underground telegraph wires used in London. Paris, and Berlin can be successfully operated in those cities, then like wires can be operated in the sime manner in Chicago. The- tube or tunnel through which ten or a dozen wires, can be conducted underground or out of sight can be made to carry a thou- sand wires just as successfully, and if they can be carried in this manner under a dozen strects or alleys in one of these cities, they can be laid just as successfully in a hundred streets, or in as many streets as there may be occasion to use them, One wire is laid underground for a short distance on the North Side. It belongs to the fire-alarm service, and there has been no trouble in operating or Jaying it. What was done in that case might be made general. We print this morning a statement made by the Superintendent of the firealarm tele- graph in this city on this subject. He takes a practical view of the matter, byt, like all others, is slow to reach any plau. It is said that the Western Union Company have long had the . matter under consideration, but have reached no satisfac- tory conclusion. It is possible that that Com- pany and all other companies will remain unable to reach any conclusion as to how to substitute underground wires for the over- ground service until municipal authority is driven to iriterfere and to compel the re- moyal of all poles and wires from the streets. Public patience is nearly exhausted con- cerning this nuisance, sud the telegraph companies cannot be too soon in matoring some plan other than that now in use, because public safety will demand that, like the Chinese, the overground wires and tele-. graph poles must go—from the streets of this and other cities, — . EDISON’S ELECTRICAL LOCOMOTIVE. _ The irrepressible Edison, though still en- gaged in studying the vexed problem of the electric light and investigating to see how he can get gold out of tailings, has launched out upon another new idea,—that of electric Jocomotton,—and has made such progress that hé already travels round Menlo Park, up hill aud down, and round-all sorts of zigzag curves, at the. rate of forty miles an hour, upon a little machine driven by electricity, and dragging a car in its rear. A reporter of the New York Herald who’ has made a trip with Mr. Edison on the new: engine gives. some very interesting’ information concern- ing the locomotive, though he is not very. clear in his explanation how the power is applied to it. ‘fhe machine is described as follows: A linc of rails Inid at the three feet six inch gauge stretched uway for 200 or 400 yards,,dis- uppearing round 1 sbarp curve to the left. ‘here was an ordinary truck, with a couple of heavy fron-bieked park seats upon it, shaded with a canvas awnmg suppuried by” Iron stunehions. Wé stepped upon the improvised open car and took our Seats, Edison being nearest ‘the locomotive In front. Ontwardly , this was 2 rude concerd, buving rough pine beards, painted dark red, fer a partial ensing, and seats for-two. It ran upon four wheels, through which the electric uurrent that is sent. nlong the tracks reaches the electric motor that yes motion to the wheels. This motor. is very Similar to the elcetric generatorsso often described in-newspaper articics on the electric light. ‘The power so curlously generated is enminunicated to the wheels leather band: ‘The brak conimon wooden levérs oper ing by mulu sireagth. Briety, it was an electric this, he is exposed to the infinences of all the others, has no pride in himself and uo in- ducement to cultivate self-respect or in- dustry, or to take any responsibility upon himself. Tie is surrounded by five hundred bac influences and as many opportunities to plot mischief and evade duty. He has never had good personal influence working upon him, because, in the majority of cases, he has never known the good influences of home, and he does not haveit in the asylum because it is impossible when he is only one of a great herd. Dr. Howe’s plan contemplates the erection of small cottages instead of one great building into which all.are crowded. In each of these cottages there is a little group of boys, constituting a family, with an overseer at the head of each. These groups ean be arranged with regard to the char- acter of the boys. In the gregarious system every boy is exposed to the influences of every other boy. “By the family plan, boy's who are-ininates from no fault of their own, or who are not hopelesly depraved or. en- tirely vicious, can be separated from those who are, The:head of each little family has the opportunity to become acquainted with eacir member, and to study his case separate-, ly and apply the remedies of reform with more intelligence and directness. It is pos- sible also to arouse competition between the different families and develop a feeling of pride. ‘The second part of Dr. Howe’s system is quite as important as the first—namely: to set the inmates at work upon afarm cultivating the soil. In nine cases out of jten the avoca- tions pursued by boys in these reformatory institutions are of no value td them after their terms have expired, and are not adapted to them. and are not healthy. On the other hand, the cultivation of the soil is.of value, because there is always a demand .for farm Inbor, because any boy of ordinary strength is adapted to it, ‘and because it is the healthiest of all work. Besides these advantages, the néarer a boy comes in contact with Naturé the farther he is re- inoved from vice. No labor is more inde- pendent, -honorable, dignified, or healthy than the cultivation of the earth; and if these boys—brought up'‘in the streets of great cities and exposed to all their temptations and,vile associations—can be taught a form of labor that Will eventually withdraw them from such associations. a hopeful: point has been gained in teaching them self-respect and self-reliance, besides providing them with the knowledge of a department of labor in which there-is always ‘a demand for la- borers. 5 -The best'test of Dr. Hewe’s plan is the success. of all thé reformatory institutions which aré’conaucted a3 farm schools, com- pared with those wiiich are not. There are several institutions of this kind in the coun- try, some. of which, ‘like the Boston Farm Sehool; havé been in operation many years, with valuable results, though, if we mistake not, the family plan is comparatively new, and a3 not yet been very generally tested. ‘The two plans, however, seem to be adinira- bly adjusted to each other, and offer a new and very attractive theme for ioral philoso- mhers ‘and charitable people in general to consider and test by practical experiment. - Se Havise obscured his views upon the one theme which“ he-endeayored to elucidate, Gen. Hancock suppressed his views upon the other prominent features of the Democratic platform. Among other subjects mentioned in that document which Gen, Hancock has ignored altogether are the following: Tho currency, the Government debt,. State debts, the tariff, the ‘fraud issue,” ‘free ships,” the transportation question, the public schools, the Chinese question, the labor ques- tion, the bestowal of grants and gratuities as public bounty. Ibis as well, perhaps, that Gen. Hancock made no effort to elaborate any of these themes. Ifhe had tried it, and made no better success than he has made with the one question he has discussed, thé result would have been neéedlesly mortify- ing to his friends, while. silence may be con- strued by his own party as docile readiness to obey the Democratic caucus in all matters. . _ ASTRONOMICAL, a Chicago (TrrBuNe office), north Jatitude 41 deg. 52m. 57s.; west longitude, 42m. 18s. from Wash- ington, and 5b. 50m. 20s. from Greenwich. The subjoined table shows the time of rising and setting of tte moon's lower limb, and the official time for lighting the first street-lamp in each circuit in this city, during the coming weck, unless ordered sooner on account of bad weather. - Also the following times for extinguishing the first lamp: = : Light, Exttngutsh. if: 8:15 a.m. Friday ...... 7: Saturday... ‘Aug. 8 ies The moon will be at her greatest distance from the earth about 11-o’clock this mortiing, and will be new at 9:58 p. m. ‘Thursday. She will be near Venus Friday evening, and near Mars next Sunday morning. The sun’s upper Jimb will rise on Monday at 4:53X% a. m., south at 5m. 67.553. p.m., and set at 7:10% p.m." ~ ; . ‘The sun's upper limbrises Friday next at £:58%¢ Q. m., souths atSm. 34.563. p. m., and sets at 7:11% p.m A i Thesidereal time Thursday mean noon will be 8b. 58m. 36.093. Mercury is now enst of the sin, but rapidly approaching inferior conjynction, which will occur next Thursday morning. Of course he is not visible this week, except to the “eagle eye” which can look “into the sun.” ~ x Venus is now east of the sun, setting after him; but not yet far enough from him to take the position of evening star. Next Thursday she will south at Ob. S2m. p.m., and set at 7:40 Pp. m.; or less than half an hour after sunset. Mars is east of the sun, but has about lost his title to the term “evening star.” Next Thurs= day he will south at 1:48 p. m., and cet at 8:28 p. m., or only an hour anda quarter after.the sun. He is below the stars in the back of the Lion, and a few degrees southeast from the Sickle. Jupiter will rise next Wednesday at 9:46 p. m., and south Thursday at4:17 a.m. He is now an “evening star,” though not visible till late, ashe can seldom be s¢en till abéut 5 degrees above the borizon. He is very brilliant towards midnight, and near him is the star Zeta “Piscium, in the western band of the Fishes? Next Thursday at 1:09 a. m. the second satellite ‘will begin togransit the planet; and its-shadow will pass off 9 minutes Iater. The satellite will leave the planet at 3:47. m. Friday at 1:20% a. m. the third satellite will pass into eclipse; and will pass from behind the planet at 3:353; a. m. “Friday at 10:50 p. m. the second satellite will re- appear utter ocuultation; and at 2:56 a. m.of Saturday the first will begin a transit of, the playet. The same (tirst) satellite will pass. into eclipse at 30:50 p. m. of Saturday, and come out from occultation at 2:17 a. m. néxt Sunday. Jupiter's bright spot ‘wilt be turned directly towards us at 1h. 13.3m.a.m. of Monday, at 2h. 56.1m. a. m. of Wednesday, and at§0b. 24.im. a.m.of Saturday next. It is still as prominent as ever on the disc of the planet. Saturn will rise Wednesday at 10:14 p.m. and south Thursday at 4:4 a.m. He isnow9 de- greeseast from Jupiter, both orbs being nearly stationary as seen from the moving earth. He is now 2 brilliant object at midnight, when the and continues his oriso: a expression on’ the sexton's eye ak that he is the meanest white man on’ 3 hin has only contributed one cent. Oa th home he stops at a peanut-stand, grabs upy and hurriedly pays the man a nickel, tly meas stopped by excited expostulations in a bd ne sneny house and convinced that ‘ee sa endeavored to cheat (talion, ate aA poor I ian out of four In short, the enormous turpi cent piece, a9 evinced in then ad ee PO stances, makes s radical change fa itg seo” tecture imperatively necessary. - a7 tthe Prof. Deremus, of New York, plan for its construction upon the poenteda ‘ Saxon shield, with a sharp spikein the mjc which may prevent accidental confusfon.. Prot Silliman, of Yale, after an immense emount o¢ « experiment, ‘gives his verdict in favor pd chestaut-burr form, with a double aureact barbed prickles; while Prof. E.R. Paige, of (ue cago, has forwarded drawings of a cent built, the lines of 9 buzz-saw, as mentioned, ‘which cannot possibly delude its owner into exagrers. tion of its value, and which the New York ¢ S. P. has adopted and recommended to M Sherman as the model of a cent Which shalt cheer and tickle but not demoraiize, .- ———— A NOVEL INSURANCE casR The stockholders of the Chicago Lite-Insup. ance Company, an organization which was sume: what hastily forced into a Receivers anda about three yéars ago, have instituted a unique action at law against the State Auditor. These stockholders, who are mostly men of: ‘high bust... ness standing in Chicago, assert that the Audi and his assistants were unduly meddlesom, that tho State system of insurance supervision is unconstitutional; and that bus for the un. necessary official pressure which waa brought to bear upon their Company it would have sun yived, and been to-day in excellent condition They now pray that the wrong may be righted, and the Company be allowed to resume Its buy ness. * Without undertaking to debate the merits ¢f this singular suit at all, it will be Interesting to note some of the facts it incidentally reveals, Legitimate life-insurance companies are obliged to do business hampered by- la gal. restraints unknown to any other trade or financial interest. They are subject’ to varying special statutes In nearly every State in the Union, and are torced to maintain an ex- traordinarily high standard of solvency in onder toconform to the rigorous requirenientsof many of these laws. In the brief flurry of life-insur- ance panic a few years ago many small comps. niés were driven into the hands of Receiver which would bave been considered perfecty solvent from a commercial polnt of view. In other words, many were forced to wind up their affairs which might, if handled with official leniency, have easily survived and been’ to-day in prosperous circumstances. Of course the vast responsibility assumed by a life-ingun ance company makes it necessary that ft should be surrounded by uncommon safeguards, Bur the stanch old-line companies of this country, which include some of the largest and best financial institutions in the world, have 4. right to demur at this constant legis’ lative meddling by the Solons of thinp eight States, especially when irresponsible assessment societies are allowed to peddle their” ™ imitation insurance around promiscuonusly, un, checked by official supervision of any sort, [3 is a fact that the failures in legitimate life insurance have been proportionately amaller thin in any other known commercial interest, less than 1 percent of the total amount paid ss premiums by policy-holders in this country bar ing been lost. With this point in mind, and the | additional one that all of the good companied organized before the War inflation pericdere still in highly successful existence, !3 it not. gbout time that legislators ceased grinding out arbitrary and useless laws for the regulation ot Ufe-insurance? Those already enacted may be needful enough to be kept active, but, if nddfs tional legislation is indulged in of this sort, kw would it do to shape some of it to fit the assess- ment concerns that are now wholly outélde the jurisdiction of insurance officials in most of the, Western States? ee a 2 THE people of Belgium on the 2st-ult, celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of, the sky is clear, though not shining so brightly as Jupiter. The greatest apparent diameter of his ring system fs stillabout four times the least: diameter. One side of the ring is projected upon the body of the planet, while the other is hidden behind it. Saturn is now negr the fixed star known as No. 110 Piscium, Uranus will south Thursday at140p.m. He is 2 degrees east and 40 miuutes north from Mars; but now sets so soon after the sun as to be practically invisible. : < Neptune will south Thursday at:i2 a.m. He is not yet In a position favorable for observing, even through a first-class telescope... He will be a good “morning object” a couple of months hence to those who are armed with powerful instruments. He is at all times invisible to the naked eye. ood is CENTS VS. NICKELS. ‘There fs apparent foundation for the welcome rumor that the New York Society for the Sup- pression of Profanity will petition Secretary Sherman either to withdraw one-cent pieces from circulation, or else put an edge on them like a buzz-saw, that they may be distinguished in the gloomy pocket from the unctuous nickel and the tinkling dime, and that the awful tend- ency of our best citizens to profane outbursts may be checked, if not altogether removed. As the caso stands now, no man'with well< regulated fingerscan plunge his hand in the abysmal recesses of his clothes to fish up a nickel but a one-cent piece will come smilingly up: and compel him to another and another ex- asperating grope. If he has fitty nickels in his pocket and only one cent, it is the same. If there is more than one cent, the process will have to be repeated until the number is ex- hausted,—all the cardinal virtues disappearing meanwhile. Take the case of a citizen who innocently boards 2 car. He is profoundly buried in the columns of his paper. After a few preliminary gymnastics on the outside rail, the conductor approaches him. He is deep in a futile attempt to fathom the depth or meaning of Hancock’s letter of acceptance, and heeds not. The con- duetor strideatly observes “Fare!” but he hears not. This in itself is suspicious, und the alert couductor notes it, and turns back his cuffs, and slaps the citizen on the knee, and pokes him in the stomach, and observes “Fare!” again. ‘This time the citizen hears. He sighs, thrusts one hand dreamily down, extracts a nickel, and wonders what Hancock meant anyhow by allu- sions to “ free vote and free ballot,” and whether that could bear any reference to bulldozing 2s sclentifteslly practiced in Louisiana. All this time the conductor is winking one eye offen- #ively at the fat passenger opposit, and exhibit- ing the coin tendered, as absolute proof ‘that the citizen is a swindler of deepest dye. Is it a nickel? No, it is a cent. .The conductor pokes the citizen in an unpleasant manner and his stomach, and says, “Cent, sir,” in a reproving voice, laying special stress on the “cent” and double emphasis on the “sir,” to let the citizen kuow his villainy is detected. ‘The citizen sighs again, and fishes out another nickel. This, tuo, is a cent-“At this juncture the fat passenger.turns pale with interest,-and the conductor looks up and down the street to ascertain If the police are about. The abdom- inalrezion of the citizen becoming tender by this time, he naturally resents the third prod, but, seeing that nine-tenths of the passengers ure ready to side with the conductor, and that’ the young lady opposit fs nearly in hysterics at being so dreadfully.close to a swindler, h ‘stricts himself to another wild plunge pocket-* wards, and brings up another cent.:: Then: he gets mad, and purple in the face, and says words that make the young lady's ears tingle, and roots up all the loose change he has, and ‘spills: half of {ft on ‘tho -floor “anc” “some” out in,.,the- street .and more : between slats in the'scat, and finally bands; the cons ductor a quarter. He receives it with lifted brows and a general air of doubt, Icoks at tne date, examines the milling, bites it, rings it on.’ the seat, and finally hands the citizen four nickels, and retjres to his place, where for the next ten minutes he subjects the quarter to ad- ditional tests, and in a loud voice tells.a .dirty- fueed man thére' about his experiences with dendbeats and shovers ‘of the “queer” And all this time the young Jady keeps "her band tightly pressed over: her portemonuaie, which contains exactly four bits, two: caramels, and a; tin-type, and the fat passengor keeps bis on his | wateb, and the citizen: feels ‘that hot you can't know, and gets out two biocks from his proper. street, and kicks sandilies on the way home, and has a grand fumily row, and goes to bed feeling like a blistered pickpocket. " Next Sunday ke goes to church, and devoutly drops a dime iu the plate without looking at it, foundation of the present mouarchy. Belgiom has had a varied history. Cesar knew the country as Gallia Belgica. In the Middle Ages the Counts of Flanders ruled over it. ~ Latér, fa common with the other Netherlands, it pasel under the rule of the Dukes of Burgundy. The Emperor Charler V., as the grandson of Maris, the heiress of Burgundy, inherited the Nether- lands, including Belgium; and, on his abdicr- tion, the territory passed to Philip I. With the other States of the Netherlands, Belgium suffered from Spanish invasion, but did not. share their dearly-bought independence. Allthe Celtic provinces remained under the gor- ereignty of Spain, and malntaiied” thelr allegiance to: the Catholic Church.“ Iu 108 Belgium was for a short: time an ‘in- dependent. kingdom, having teen bee stowed- as 2 gift upon Isabella, the daughter of Philip, and the Archduke Albert. But the marriage was without issue, and the territory revertea to Spain. During the next century and a half the provinces were nominal- ly connected with Spain, but always more or less at the mercy of France, now losing territory, and now, through the mediation of the Powers and some new treaty arrangements, regaining it, By the Peace of Utrecht, 1713, Belgium wat given to Austria; in 1744 {t fell into the hands ot France, but in 1748, by the Treaty of Air-la- Chapelle, Austria came again into possession, In 1790 the Belgians rebelled against Austria, but were subdued the next year. A few years later the country was overrun by the troops ¢f the French Republic, and for twenty years st tached to France. On the fall of Napoleoa the Powers made the’ grand mistake of recat structmg the Netherlands, though’the Dutch and the Belyians had little in common, and were, not likely to live happily together ander one Government, For fifteen years the unpataral union was kept up. The Belgians were un. happy from the first. They had a Dutch King and a Government made up mainly. of Dutch men. Inthe summor of 1830 the relations be; tween the two nations had been strained to the last point of endurance. Earlyin this yearsome important statistics were publisked. It ap] that of seven Cabinet Bilnisters only one was Belgian; that of 117 functionaries of the Minis try of the Interior there were only eleven Bel gians; that of 162 subordinates of the of War thore were but three Belrians; and oe among 1,573 oflicers of infantry the number’ Belgians -was only 24.' It is to be borne ia mind, too, that of the two nationalities the. Belgians were the more numerous. ° revolution in France and the abdication 9 Eing Charles gave the Belgians a cue they Di" long been waiting for. On tho #ith of Auzish the birthday of the King of the ‘Netherlands, 4 people rose, and the revolution w28 aes Brussels. Ghent, Liege, Antwarp, and all the chief towns of Flanders, followed. the ozs?! of the Capital. After vainly waiting for CoP. cessions from the Dutch Government, the ai lution’ was renewed, the old authorities wer? deposed by the people, a Provisional Govern: ment was appointed, and the Prince of Ore compelied tu beat a hasty retreat from aaa toAntwerp. On the 4th of October Belgium Fe? declared independent by the Provisjonst G9** ernment, ‘and on the 10th of December @ Cob" gress of Powérs met in London and the nepara tlon of the two Kingdoms was fully ge nized. On. the 4th of June, noid Belgian Congress elected Prince Lott ‘sovereign. He accepted the dignity July 2 cended. the throne July 21, just forty" "years ago. Leopold 1 dicd in 18) Dives proved. himself the wisest of rulers, regent succeeded by his‘son, Leopold Tr. the Per, King of Belgium: The monarchy is heredit ae but females and thelr descendants are an? cluded from the succession. ‘The legislativ® thority is vested in the King and two Cha We ‘and-the King bas authority to dissolve cee. Chumber orboth. Since the estublishment 0° 0 Kingdom in 160, the population of Belginm 5 increased from about 2,500,000 10 pF Aoh land {s divided into small holdings, 8 it. tendeficy of the laws of inheritadce (5 to xeep It. so. -In 1878 there were twenty-one ig toevery 100 Inhabitants, Forits population Bel- | glam is. théjwealthiest and most pro State ia Europe. CF 3 ‘A Genwan hook entitled “Caroline vou. Linsinged and King William. IV.of Eagiand” . has Just been, translated and published 19 ers don. It:purports to be cnpublished love discovered'among the literary remaias of Bar Reichenbach. The authenticity of the een disputed; but this. would probably be the. with any publications relating toa disgraceful, chapter in English history. . Caroline Wo# 1, daughtet of Lieut.-Gen. von Linsingeo. # 7 fidential officer in the housetold of Bing Iand-owners,